;kgfsf]dxn

[Zo M !
:yfgM s'nf] vlg /fv]sf] 7fFp
kfqM
;kgfsf] dxn
nvg, a'9f, dfg, axfb'/, ufFpn]x?, c;n k|;fb / e]6jfn afh]
ufFpn]x? s'nf] vlg /fv]sf x'G5g\ . e]6jfn afh] af/Lsf] sfGnfaf6 pk|mb} cfpF5g / s'nf] vGg /f]Sg
yfN5g\ .
e]6jfnafh]M nf} nf} nf} s] u/]sf] of] n oFxfaf6 cuf8L d]/f] v]t k5{ . s'nf] oxL 6'ª\Uofpg' .
nvgM s] eGg' ePsf] afh] < kfgL NofO{ ;s]kl5 Tof] kfgL tkfO{nfO{ dfq} NofPsf] t x}glg . c? ufFpn]sf klg
v]t 5g\, c?n] klg kfgL k6fpg' k5{ .
e]6jfnM
dfg axfb'/M
a'9fM xf] t P afh] s] efsf] <
e]6jfnM s]xL efsf] x}g d lbGg
nvgM x}g c;n k|;fb r} cfh :s'naf6 cfPs} 5}g sL Sofxf] <
dnfO{ s] vfFrf] c?nfO{ rflxP cfˆgf] v]t vg]/ nfg] kfgL
x}g cl:t c;n k|;fbn] s'/f ubf{ t lbG5' eGg' x'GYof] t cfh s] eof]
dgaxfb'/M lsg gcfpg' htf klg o:t} t xf] lg Û tn ldxL vf]nfdf k'n /fVg] eg]/ lh= lj= ;= af6
dfG5] cfsf lyP TofxfF klg af6f] stfaf6 nfg] eg]/ emu8f========
a'9fM ToxL ldnfpg c;n k|;fb Tot} uPsf lyP -c;n k|;fb b]vf k5{g_ p cfOxfn] lg
nvgM c;n k|;fbn] s'/f u/]sf] eP p;}n] cfP/ s'/f u/f];
c;n k|;fbM oxfF klg d]/} vfFrf] k¥of] ls Sof xf]
nvgM xf] t, oL e]6jfn oxfFaf6 s'nf] cufl8 nfg glbg] eG5g .
c;n k|;fbM xf] afh] <
e]6jfnM xf] oxfF eGbf cufl8 d]/f] dvGg lbGg
c;n k|;fbM -Psflt/ b]vfpFb}_ P dfg axfb'/======= p Tof] sfGnf d'lGt/sf] hUuf s;sf] <
dfg axfb'/M Tof] t d]/} xf]
c;n k|;fbM Toxfaf6 nUbf tkfO{n] lbg' x'G5 <
dfg axfb'/M lsg glbg' emg d]/f] ;Kk} v]t ;lhn} kfgL k6fpg ;lsG5 .
c;n k|;fbM of] s'nf]nfO{ ToxfF ;Dd k'/L lbpF s'nf]nfO{ pQ}af6 3'dfP/ nUof] eg] s] x'G5
nvgM oL afh]sf] v]tnfO{ kfgL cfpFb}g s] x'G5
c;n k|;fbM n afh] tkfO{nfO{ klg kfgL rfFlxG5 eg] s'nf] otfaf6 hfG5 x}g eg] Tolx s'nf] k'/]/ kfgL
pt}af6 3'dfP/ nfg]===========s] eGg' x'G5 <
e]6jfnM -;f]r dUg x'G5g\_
c;nM ;f]Rg] s'/f klxn] g} ;f]r]/ s'nf] vGg tkfO{;Fu dfu]sf]===========emg ;a}nfO{ kmfObf x'g] sfd u/]sf]=======
e]6jfnM n e}uf] t vg vg ========
c;nM clxn]nfO{ dfq x}g ;w}nfO{ afh]=========
e]6jfnM gaf]ln lx8\5g\
c;nk|;fbM ca t s'/f] ldNof] x}g <
1

;a}sf] k|ltlqmof xfF:5g
c;nM d}n] t km]/L :s'n k'Ug} k5{ s]xL k¥of] eg] af]nfpg' x} nvg d :s'n uP
nvgM :s'n klg EofPs} 5 ;dfh;]jf klg EofPs} 5 of] rlx dfG5] g} /}5
b[Zo @
;do M lbpF;f]÷aflx/
:yfg M /d0fLo ufpF x'Fb} s'g} :s"nsf] aflx/L efu
kfq M :s"nsf lkog, ljBfyL{x?, lzIfs ;fw'/fd
-s'g} /d0fLo ufpFsf] ljxËd b[Zo ;d]6\b} Sofd]/f Pp6f ufpFn] :s"nsf] jflx/L efudf k'U5 . :s"nsf]
sfof{no aflx/ kfn] 38L x]b}{ a;]sf x'G5g\ p7\5g\ / uP/ 306L 7f]S5g\ .
;j} ljBfyL{x? xNnf ub}{ aflx/ æ5'§LÆ eGb} lg:sG5g\ . tL dWo] s]xL ljBfyL{x? csf]{ sIff sf]7f] lt/
l5g{ yfN5g\ .
Ps hgf lzIfs aflx/af6 cfP/ sIffdf l55{g\ .
kfn]n] d'v ljuf5{g\ / k"gM cfˆg} 7fpFdf uP/ a:5g\ . _
b[Zo M #
;do M lbpF;f]÷aflx/
:yfg M :s"nsf] sfof{no sf]7f
kfq M k|fwfgfWofks nufot cGo lzIfs–$
k|wfgfWofks s]zj jflx/ ;fw'/d uPsf] x]b} lyP leq kms{G5g\ .
b[Zo M $
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M :s"nsf] sfof{no sf]7f
kfq M k|fwfgfWofks ;lxt cGo lzIfs–$
k|wfgfWofks s]zj leq lt/ cGo lzIfsx? tkm{ kms]{/ M–
s]zjM ;fw'/fdhL hfg'ef] Snf; lng cj xfdLnfO{ kf] nfh dbf]{ kfg'{ ef] .
lzIfs Clif M o;df nfh dfGg' kg]{ s'/} s] 5 / ;/ . xfdL xfd|f] 7fpFdf :s"nsf] ;]jf u/L /fv]s} 5f}F .
ljBfyL{x?nfO{ sf];{sf] k9fO{ l;sfPs} 5f}F, ;sfPs} 5f}F .
lzlIfsf ;l/tf M sf];{ t jxfFn] klg ;sfpg' ePs} 5 lg . t/ ljBfyL{x? k|ltsf]
g}ltstfsf] lhDd]jf/L jxfFn] a9L af]Sg' ePsf] h:tf] nfUb}g <
lzIfs cfgGb M lgZrog} ljBfyL{nfO{ lbg] lzIffnfO{ jxfFn] b'O{ 5fs 6fg]{ d]nf] dfq gagfP/ cfh ljBfyL{, ef]ln
;dfh / sfnfGt/df /fi6«nfO{ g} gofF g]kfnsf] cleofg agfpg' ePsf] 5 . :s'ndf dfq x}g
;dfhsf] x/]s If]qdf jxfFsf] of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 .
lzIfs xl/ M To;}n] ;fw'/fdhLsf] gfd cfh of] ufpFdf dfq} xf]Og of] lhNnf e/L g} k|Voft 5 .
Clif M lstfjsf] sf];{ t jxfFn] klg xfdLn] klg ;j}n] ;s]s} x'G5f} eg] cflv/ jxfF s] k9fpg' x'G5 t <
2

[Zo M %
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M sIff sf]7f
kfq M ;fw'/fd ljBfyL{x?
- ANofs af]8{df zAb n]lvG5 –…e|i6«frf/Ú zAb n]lv ;s]/ ;fw'/fd ljBfyL{x? tkm{ kmls{G5g\ . _
;fw'/fd M cfh xfdL e|i6frf/sf] ljifodf cWoog u5f}{+ . e|i6frf/ klg Pp6f ck/fw xf] . e|i6frf/ s] xf]
<
ljBfyL{x? M
;fw' M
ck/fw xf] Û
:ofjf;, e|i6«frf/ h:tf] ck/fwn] cGo w]/} ck/fw ug{ dnhn u/L /fv]sf] x'G5 . / To;n]
b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;oGqx?nfO{ leq leq} sdhf]/ agfO /fv]sf] x'G5 . e|i6«frf/ hlt Jofks eof]
b]zsf] ;'zf;g Tolt sdhf]/ x'Fb} hfG5 cGttf]uTjf To;n] b]zsf] h/f] g} xNnfO{ lbG5 / /fi6«
sdhf]/ aGg hfG5 .
-ljBfyL{x? ;'gL /fv]sf 5g\_
b]z alnof] pGgt / ;d[4 agfpg b]znfO{ e|i6«frf/ d'Qm agfpFb} nfg' k5{ . b]znfO{ s] ug'{ k5{
<
ljBfyL{x? M e|i6«frf/ d'Qm agfpFb} nfg' k5{ .
;fw' M
xf]========== Pp6f cfZro{sf] s'/f s] 5 eg] ;+;f/df e|i6«frf/ d'Qm /fi6« s'g} klg 5}g . vfln
s'g} /fi6«df e|i6«frf/ a9L x'G5 eg] s'g} /fi6«df Psbd} sd x'G5 .
laBfyL{ M -p7\b}_ ;/, e|i6«frf/ h:tf] ck/fw k"/} lgd"{n ug{ ;lsb}g <
;fw' M 7Ls k|Zg u/\of} Û a; Û -ljBfyL{ a:5_
;fw' M
ljleGg cWoog / cg';Gwfgn] s] k'li6 ePsf] 5 eg] ck/fwx?nfO{ 36fpg ;lsG5, w]/} eGbf
w]/} 36fpg ;lsG5, t/ k'/} lgd"{n ug{ ;lsb}g . To:t} e|i6«frf/ klg ck/fw ePsfn] o;nfO{
;s];Dd 36fpg k|of; ug{' k5{ t/ lgd"{n ePsf] lbg oxL w/tL :ju{ x'g] 5 . To;}n] xfdL ;j}
ldn]/ xfd|f] b]z xfd|f] w/tL / xfd|f] ;+;f/nfO{ :ju{ agfpg] k|ofz ug'{ k5{ .
b[Zo M ^
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M :s"nsf] sfof{no sf]7f
kfq M -s]zj Clif, ;l/tf, cfgGb. xl/ -s0f{_
k|wfgfWofkssf] sf]7fdf lzIfs cem} ;fw'/fd s} rrf{ ub}{ 5g\ ._
s]zj M -k|wfgfWofks_ jxfFsf] k|ofznfO{ xfdL ;j}n] d"Qm s07n] k|z+;f ug'{ k5{ . :s"n ;s]kl5 klg
ljBfyL{x?;Fu s'g} z'Ns glnOsg lgMz'Ns sf]lrª k9fpFb} x'g'xG5 .
3

Clif M zfob jxfF ToxL eP/ a9L rlr{t x'g'x'G5 . xfdL ;a}sf] rrf{sf] kfq aGg' ePsf] 5 .
;l/tf M jxfFsf] sfd rrf{ of]Uo g} x'G5 . cl:t dfq} lhNnf :t/Lo sljtf k|ltof]lutfdf klg jxfFn] g}
k|yd :yfg xfFl;n ug'{ eP5, Tof] t d}n] kl5 kf] yfxf kfPF .
cfgGb M xf] t Tof] uf]i7L b]lv ;fw'/fdhL lhNnf jflx/ klg kq–klqsf dfkm{t rlr{t x'g'eof] xfd|f]
:s"nsf] gfd klg rrf{df cfof] . cfkm"n] sfd u/]sf] :s"nsf] gfd klg rrf{df cfpFbf s:tf]
v';L nfUof] .
Clif M P, sljtf r} s] ljifodf /} 5 .
;l/tf M jxfFsf] sljtf kSs} klg b]zeQmL vfns} lyof] .
b[Zo M &
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M sIff sf]7f
kfq M ;fw'/fd, ljBfyL{x?
;fw' M
-;fw'/fd ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k7fpFb} 5g\_
hg cfGbf]ng @ jf6 :yflkt ;dfj];L k"0f{ nf]stflGqs Joj:yfnfO{ ;kmn agfpFb} gofF g]kfn
lgdf{0f ug]{ xfdL ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?sf] ;kgf ;fsf/ kfg{ klg xfdL ;j} cfh} b]lv k|ltj4 eP/
nfUg' k5{ .
-ljBfyL{x? ;'gL /fv]sf 5g\_
;fw' M of] s'/f ltdLx?nfO{ d}n] efif0f lbP h:tf] nfU5 t/ cfh} b]lv lgdf{0f ub}{ nlug] ef]lnsf] g]kfn
;DxfNg], ;hfpg] / l;Ëfg]{ sfd ltdLx?n] g} ug]{ xf] . -ljBfyL{x? ;'Gb}5g\_
;fw' M e|i6«frf/n] s'g} klg d'n'ssf] ;fdflhs cfly{s /fhg}lts, sfg"gL tyf g}lts If]qdf k|ToIf /
gsf/fTds k|efj kfg]{ ePsfn] j]n}df ;hu x'g'k5{ . ckm" dfq} xf]Og c?nfO{ klg ;hu u/fpg'
k5{ .
ljBfyL{ M s;/L ;/ <
;fw' M hg r]tgf a9fP/ . d}n] eg]sf] s'/f ltdLx? / ltdLx?n] cf–cfˆgf] 3/, 6f]n, l5d]sdf ;bfrf/
/ g}ltstfsf] s'/f km}nfP/ ;j}nfO{ r]tgf lbg'k5{ . k|ultkydf 8f]/\ofpg' k5{ . -ToxL j]nf
;fw'/fd 9f]sf lt/ x]5{g\_+ 9f]sfdf s0f{ plePsf 5g\ ._
;fw' M s] ef] s0f{ axfb'/ <
s0f{ M ;/ ;j} hgf u};Sg' ef,] d klg hfpF ls <
;fw' M x}g, s0f{ axfb'/ ;lsof] g}======
-ljBfyL{x? tkm{ kms]{/_ n t cfh olt ;Dd ef]ln km]l/ k9f}Fnf ====
-;fw'/fd kl5 kl5 ljBfyL{x? klg lg:sG5g\, ;fw'/fdnfO{ pl5Gb} .
b[Zo M *
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M :s"nsf] j/08f
kfq M b[Zo 5 s} ;fw'/fd ljBfyL{x?, s0f{
4

ljBfyL{x? ;fw'/fdnfO{ pl5Gb} jflx/ nfU5g\, ;fw' d';'d';' pgLx?nfO{ x]b}{5g\ . ljBfyL{ /
;fw'/fd lg:s] kl5 s0f{n] sIff sf]7fsf] 9f]sf nufpF5g\ .
b[Zo M (
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M efF8f agfpg] k;n jf cf/g
kfq M cfOt a=, ;fw', ef~hf
-cfOt a= cf/gdf sfd ub}{5g\ . ;fw'/fd klg Tot} cfpFb}5g\ ef~hf;Fu e]6 x'G5 . cf/gdf ufu|f]
clgjfo{ / cGo ;fdfg ._
efGhf M P d t, dfdfn] lj;{g' x'G5 ls eg]/ dfOHo"n] ufu|f] lng k7fpg' ePsf], v} d}n] s'/f] ga'em]sf] /} 5' <
;fw' M dfOh"nfO{ To:tf] nfu]5 t <
;fw' M -cfOt g]/ k'u]/_ cfOt axfb'/====Û=
cfOt M -k'n'Ss x]5{g\ / d':s'/fpF5g\_
;fw' M eof] t d]/f] sfd <
cfOt M eof] df8;fj s:tf] eof] s'GgL <
ef~hf M -ufu|f] 6Kk l6K5g / a9\b} _ k};f slt eof] <
;fw' M klxn] sfd l7s eof]sL ePg To;} nDs]/ sfxFf x'G5 ef~hf, x]/fF} g ====
ef~gf M -ufu|f] lbb}_ P d}n] v} s'/f] a'em]sf], t/ ul/;s]sf] /fd|} u/]sf] xf]nflgt .
;fw' M -p7fpF5g\ / jflx/ ufu|f]jf6 cfsfz lt/ x]5{g\ r'lxg] 6flnPsf] x'Fb}g ._ ePsf] 5}g t cln
cfFkm}n] x]/]/ agfpg' k5{ lg .
ef~hf M xf] / dfdf -cfOtnfO{_ Tolxt s'/} ga'lem sfd u/]/ x'G5 t, n km]/L agfpg'; -dfdfsf] xftaf6
ufu|f] lnP/ cfOtnfO{ lbG5g\_
cfOt M -efF8f] lnb}_ d}n] agfPsf] -jflx/ k§L /;fPsf] 7fpF b]vfpFb}_ oL x]g'{; t d}n] cfˆg} xftn]
;fw' M
/;fPsf] .
xf]nf=== tkfO{n] /;fPsf] 6fn]sf] 7fpF jfx]s cGt klg t Kjfn lyof] xf]nf cyjf Kjfn gePsf]
7fpFdf r} 6fn]/ Kjfn ePsf] 7fpFdf r} 6fNg' g} ePgsL .
ef~hf M xf] s'M/f] r} /fd|f] a'em]/ sfd ug'{k5{ Sof Û
cfOt M To:tf] t gx'g' kg]{ -eGb} cfkm" klg jflx/ cfP/ x]5{g\. Kjfn b]V5g\ xf] /}Ú5 -eGb} ufu|f] tn
/fV5g\_
;fw' M x]g'{; cfOtaxfb'/ cf–cfˆgf] k]zfdf ;j} OdfGbf/ x'g' k5{ . cfˆgf] k]zf k|lt j]OdfgL ug]{n]
k|ult ug{ ;Qm}g . o;df t cem b]lvg] u/L Kjfn jfFls /}Ú5 /Ú k|i6} b]lvof] gb]lvPsf] eP d
o;} lnP/ hfGy]F . d]/L >LdtLn] o;}df kfgL ely{g kfgL r'lxGYof], d}n] ;'Gg' kYof]{, d dgdg}
tkfO{nfO{ g/fd|f] eGy] ef]ln km]l/ ;j}n] b'Mv kfpy] . M
-cfOt ;'Gg ljjz 5g\_
ef~hf M ca t a'emg' eof] xf]nfgL, a? d}n] cl3g} s'/f] a'lem;s]sf] lyP .
;fw' M
cfOt M
e/;s b'O{ zAb g/fd|f] kf] x'GYof] ls, To;}n] xfdLdf 7\jfF:; 7':; x'GYof] ls, e} uf] /fd|/L 6fln
lbg'; xO{ <
-r"krfk d'G6f] xNnfpF5_
5

;fw' M -jf6f] nfUb}_ ef]ln cfpFnf x} t -hfG5g\_
cfOt M -;fw' uP lt/ x]b}{==========_ df8\;fj w]/} af]n]sf] h:tf] nfu] klg s'/f t 7Ls} xf] . -km]l/ cf/gdf
a:5g\_
ef~hf M s:tf] s'/} gj'emL sfd u/]sf] xf]nf . /fd|/L j'em]/ kf] ug'{ k5{ .
b[Zo M !)
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] af/L
kfq M ozf]bf, ceo, cg'hf, ;fw'/fd, ef~hf
-ozf]bf, ceo, cg'hf af/Ldf sfd ub}{5g\ ._
ceo M -otf–ptL x]b}{ ozf]bfnfO{ ;f]W5 ._ cfdf Û af clxn] ;Dd lsg gcfpg' ePsf] rf/ t cl3g}
ozf]bf M
cg'hf M
ozf]bf M
alh;Sof] Û
t]/f af ;f]em} 3/ cfpg'x'G5 / < :s"n 5'6] kl5 lgMz'Ns sf]lrª k9fpg' x'G5 . ef~hf klg
cfpg' x'Gg Û
s;} g s;}n] t Nofpnf lg cfdf Û
-ozf]bfsf] d'v j6fl/G5–b]v]/_ p t]/f] af l/Q} cfpFb} x'g'x'G5 Û
-;j} Tot} x]5{g\_ -;fw'/fd ef~hf ;f]em} af/L lt/} k:5g\_
;fw'/fd M n of] t < ceo Û -ceosf] Reaction )
;fw'/fd M tF slt v]/ cfO k'lu; 5f]/f <
ceo M lbpF;} cfOk'u]sf] . af -uP/ 9f]U5_
;fw'/fd M lsg sn]h 5'§L eof] / . -p7fpF5g\_
ceo M x}g af==== r'gfjsf] ;/udL{n] ubf{ k9fO{ x'g} 5f]8\of] . ToxfF a;]/ xf]6]nsf] vr{ af9pg' eGbf a?
3/} hfpF h:tf] nfUof] . km]l/ of] ljBfyL{ ;+Ë7g Tof] ljBfyL{ ;ª\3 tfgf tfg dnfO{ t ems}{ nfUg
yfNof] .
;fw'/fd M n s] eg]sf] xf]nf] k9] n]v]sf] dfG5] eP/ . ax'bnLo Joj:yf rflxG5 eg] tL s'/f klg kf6L{
k4tL s} s'/f x'g\ .
ceo M Tof] t 7Ls 5, t/ x8\tfn / aGb o;n] s;nfO{ kmfObf u5{ .
;fw'/fd M -af]Nb}gg\_ -c? sfd ub}{ ;'Gb}5g\_
ceo M cfˆgf] l;4fGt / Jojxf/n] cfslif{t ug{ 5f]8]/ k/Dk/fut cxª\sf/ / bDe, sxL s] sf] bDe em}
emu8f, lbSs nfU5 .
cg'hf M bfh'sf] sn]hdf t x8\tfn aGb eO{ /fVtf] /}Ú5 k9\g klg gkfOg] d t x8\tfn gx'g] sn]hdf
dfq} k9\5' x} af .
ozf]bf M 5f]/f] kfpg' s}n] s}n] ef]6f] l;pg' clxn] eg] h:tf] klxn] o;=on=l; t kf; xf] clg k9\ln;
sn]hdf .
cg'hf M cF olt hfjf] t d kf; e} xfn5' lg Û -;j} Ps csf{nfO{ x]5{g\_
6

;fw' M cfhsf] lzIffsf] Hof]ltn] ef]lnsf] b]z pHofnf] agfpF5 . lzIffsf] Hof]lt cfh} dw'/f] eP ef]ln
t]n s:n] xfN5 . gofF g]kfn s;/L aG5 Û -v'O{ ub}{ ;fw'/fdf eLq lt/ nfU5g\ ._ c?x? ;fwg
lj;fpFb}–kl5 nfU5g\ ._
ef~hf M vf6L s'/f] To}, v} a'em]sf] afa'n] .
b[Zo M !!
;do M /flt÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] sf]7f
kfq M ;fw'/fd, ozf]bf, O.V. nvg,
-k|m]ddf 6'sL /flvG5 . ;fw'/fdn] n'uf km]/sf 5g\ csf]{ n'uf lems]/ nfpFb} ubf{_
O.V., ;fw'/fd ========= -;fw'/fd Wofg lbG5g\_
O.V., P ;fw'/fd==========
-o:t}df ozf]bf 9f]sfdf b]vf kl5{g\ csf]{ 6'sL_
ozf]bf M tkfO{s} nªf}6LnfpFbfsf] ;fyL nvg h:tf 5g\ .
;fw' M xf]====================== d cfO{ xfn]F+ eGb]pg\ .
ozf]bf M -9f]s}jf6 kmls{lG5g, ;fw'/fd n'uf nufO;s]/ lg:sG5g\ . _
b[Zo M !@
;do M /flt÷aflx/
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] kmn}+Frf÷3/sf] 9f]sf]
ozf]bf 6'sL lnP/ aflx/ lg:slG5g\ .
ozf]bfsf] P.O.V. nvg 7LË cleO{ /fv]sf 5g\ .
ozf]bf M cfpFb} x'g'x'G5, oxfF a:b} ug'{g\ afa' .
nvg M x; efph' -uP/ a:5_
ozf]bf M clg efG;f u/L a/L lx8\g' eof] ls Û
nvg M u/L j/L lxF8]sf] efph"=====
ozf]bf M ls ot} t}of/ u?F ls Û
nvg M x}g kb}{g efph"==== To:tf] ef]s} ePt nfh dfGg] s'/} lyPg lg Û of] 3/ klg t d]/f] cfˆg} 3/
h:tf] t xf] lg=== -olts}df ;fw'/fd klg b]vf k5{g\, pgL klg nvgs} 5]pdf uP/ a:5g\ ._
;fw' M -a:t}_ eg nvg of] cWof/f]df slt sfdn] cfO; t <
nvg M oxL cWof/f]df xfdLn] slt lbg hLjg ljtfpg] s]xL u/f}Fg eGg] ;Nnfx ug{ lx8]sf] d t .
;fw' M s] u5{; t Û 5]p 5]psf lhNnfsf s'gf sfKrfsf ufpFdf ;d]t ljh'nL k'lu ;Sof] xfd|f]df an
u/Llbg] sf]xL geP/ xf] ls <
nvg M ToxL eP/, PSn}sf] d]xtgn] s]xL x'Fb}g . ltdLx? h:tf hfGg] a'‰g] b'O{ rf/ hgf ldn]/ o;f]
;fw' M
k|of; u/f}gF . ;b/d'sfd uP/ x'G5 ls If]qLo sfof{no lt/} hfg' kg]{ xf] ls <
ePg, kf]xf]/ t k|of; u/]s} xf] lg Û
s]Gb| jf6} ah]6 cfPsf] 5}g eG5g\ pgLx? .
7

nvg M s]Gb|sf] d"v tfSg' eGbf t xfdL cfkm}n] s]xL ug'{ k5{ . :yfgLo lgsfon] :yfgLo sfd ug'{ k5{
/ kf] sxfF s] a9L h?/L 5 yfxf x'G5 .
ozf]bf M xf] t, To} 6'ls afn]/ 5f]/f 5f]/Ln] :s"n kf; u/L ;s] ljh'nL eP t ufpF g} pHofnf] x'GYof] xf]nf
Û t/ klg dnfO{ r}====
nvg M s] t/ klg efph" <
ozf]bf M sf]O{ nfO{ s] sf] wGbf sf]O{ nfO{ s] sf] wGbf 3/ HjfFO{nfO{ vfg}sf] wGbf eg] h:tf] Sof afa' .
dnfO{ r} kfgLs} ;d:ofn] lk/n]sf] 5 .
nvg M Tof] t xf] lg efph", g kfgL 5 g ljh'nL 5, g af6f] 5 . lsg xfdL dfq} kl5 k/]sf xf]nfpF <
;fw'/fd M xfdL dfq} kl5 k/]sf x}gf}F nvg. xfd|f] b]zdf xfdL h:tf s/f]8f}F kl5 k/]sf 5f}F, slx+ hftLo
lje]bn] kl5 k/\of}+, slxF ef}uf]lns lje]bn] kl5 k/\of}F . o; b]zsf klxn]sf of]hgf ljb\
egfpFbfx?n] sf7df08f}+nfO{ dfq} b]z b]v], ToxL vfN8f] dfq g]kfn xf] eG7fg] . To;}sf] w'/L j/L
k/L ;f/f cy{tGq rNof] . rfKn'; of]hgf ljb\x? b]znfO{ ;xL dfu{ lbg'sf] ;§f 5ftLdf
em'08\ofpg] k§fsf] nf]edf zlQm s]Gb| j/L k/L 3'dL /fv] . b]zdf Jofks c;dfgtfsf] ljp /f]lkb}
uof] h:n] juL{o o'4 hGdfof] .
-ozf]bf / nvg r'krfk ;'lg /fv]s} x'G5g\_
;fw'/fd M
;j} ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g ;do nfU5 . h] xf]z nf]stGqsf] ;'gf}nf] ljxfgLn] s]xL eP klg
zflGtsf] ;f; km]g{ lbPsf] 5 . o;} dfly klg sfnf] afbn gdf8fl/cf]; eg]/ xfdL hgtfg} ;F+w}
rgfvf] / ;ts{ eO{ /fVg' k5{ .
nvg M xf]==== ;j} s'/fsf] hfgsf/ t cfkm} 5;, d}n] t sf]6\ofpg] dfq xf]. s]xL u/f}+ h;/L eP klg u/f}F
eGg cfPsf] . d c?nfO{ klg eG5' . -p7\t}_ cfh t /ft kl/uf] ef]ln c?nfO{ klg gprfnL
ePg ef]ln rf}tf/fdf cfOh x}t / ozf]bfnfO{ gd:t] ub}{_ uP t efph" km]l/ cfpFnf ========
-hfG5_
ozf]bf M -gd:t] kmsf{pFb}_ cfpFb} ug'{; x} afa' -;fw'/fd lt/ x]l5{g=== ;fw'/fd 6'ls af]s]/ km]l/ leq} lt/
nfU5g\ . -cWof/f]_
b[Zo M !#
;do M ljxfg÷jflx/
:yfg M rf}tf/f]
:yfg M ufpFn]x?, ;fw'/fd, nvg
(Visual Mixing x'Fb} ljxfg x'G5 .
ufpFsf] rxn, kxn, cf–cfˆgf] sfd wGbf, Sofd]/f lj:tf/} rf}tf/f]df k'U5 . tf}tf/f]df ufpFn]
nvg M
x? hDdf ePsf 5g\ . s'/fsfgL x'Fb}5 ._
xfdL kl5 k/]sf] w]/} eof] cj xfdL cfkm} cl3 a9\g' k5{ of] ufpFnfO{ ljh'nL rflxof], kfgL
rflxof], af6f] rflxof], To;sf] nflu s] ug'{ k5{ Tof] klg rflxof] Û
a'9f M rflxof] ===rflxof], d]nf] d];f] gk'/\ofO{ rflxof] eg]/ dfq} x'G5 <
dfga M xf] t d]nf] d];f] eg]sf] /fhg}lts kx'Fr, kx'Fr ePsf] dfG5] x'g' k/\of] lg Û
nvg M kx'Fr t xfdLn] agfO lbg' k5{ xfdLn] prfn]/ k7fpg' k5{ .
dfgj M xfd|f] ufpF lhNnfsf] /fhg}lts j:t' l:ylt a'em]sf], hgtfsf] s'/f ;'Gg] a'‰g] dfG5] rflxG5 .
8

a'9f M r'gfjdf lhtfP/ k7fpF s;}nfO{ eg], h'g hf]uL cfof] sfg} lr?jf eg] h:tf] hf] lht]/ hfG5
pt} x/fpF5 . Tof] vfN8f] t s:tf] bnbn /x]5 eg] lg:s]/ sf]xL cfpg} ;Qm}g .
nvg M o;kfnL r} xfdL /fd|f] dfG5]nfO{ k7fpg t n . o;kfnL ;f+;b xfdLn] r'g]sf] x'g' k/\of] .
dfgj M kf6L{ k4tLdf kf6l{n] lbPsf dWo] xfdLn] r'Gg] xf], :jtGq k7fP/ s]xL sfd 5}g .
nvg M d}n] klg :jtGq eg]/ t sxfF eg]sf] xf] / Û
kf6L{d} ePsf] t/ xfdLn] l;kmfl/z u/]/ k7fof}F eg] t kf6L{n] klg dfG5 xf]nf lg .
dfgj M sf] 5 / To:tf]
-k/af6 ;fw'/fd cfpFb}5g_
nvg M -;fw'/fdnfO{ b]v]/, cg'xf/ xl;nf] agfpFb}_ 5 Ps hgf ltdL xfdL ;j}n] lrg]sf]
a'9f M sf] <
nvg M
;fw'/fd Û
-;j} hgf 5Ss k/]/ ;fw'/fd eGb} jf]N5g\_
;fw'/fd M -cfO{ k'Ub}_ ;j} hgf ldn]/ s] sf] l5gf] kmfgf] x'Fb}5 <
nvg M
xfd|f] 7fpFdf OdfGbf/ dfG5]sf] v8]/L k/]sf] 5 o:tf] v8]/Ldf Ps em/ kfgL h:tf] 5; ;fw'
/fd======= o;kflnsf] Joj:yflksfdf xfdLn] tFnfO{ k7fpg] lgwf] u/]sf 5f}F ;fw'/fdÛ
;fw'/fd M s] eg]sf] To:tf] d h:tf] ;fwf/0f dfG5] To:tf] 7fpFdf uP/ s] sfd d]/f] nflu df:6/L k]zf g}
7Ls 5 . TotL 7"nf] ef/ d af]Sg ;lQmg .
a'9f M lsg g;Sg' xfd|f] nflu l7s dfG5] ltdL g} xf} .
dfgj M xf] df:6/ ;fÚj o;kfnL tkfO{ pDsg kfpg' x'Gg .
;fw'/fd M kf6L{n] kTofpg' k/\of] lg Û
nvg M t]/f] kf6L{ s'g xf] xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5 < kf6L{nfO{ l;kmfl/z u/]/ xfdL k7fpF5f} ePg <
;fw'/fd M -csgdSs k5{g\_
;j} ufpFn] M xf] o;kfln ;fw'/fdnfO{ k7fpg]========-==afn aRrfx? bn aNn s'b\5g\ . _
b[Zo M !$ Montagetype
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M k;n aflx/
kfq M s]6fs]6Lx?, bz{sx? s]6f s]6L bf]l8b} cfp/ k;n jflx/sf dfG5]nfO{ eG5g\ . _
aRrf M
yfxf kfpg' ef] o;kfnL ;fw'/fdnfO{ ;fF;b agfpg] c/] Û -km]l/ s'b\5g\_
b[Zo M !%ABC Montage
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M 3/ jflx/========= dlGb/ aflx/ ufpFlt/
ufpF lt/
-;j} 7fpFdf aRrfx? Pp6} s'/f km}nfpFb} lxF8\5g\ ._
9

[Zo M !^
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M :s"nsf] k|fË0f
kfq M k|wfgfWofks, lzIfsx?, ;fw'/fd
s]zj k|wfgfWofks M tkfO{ 9'Ss x'g';\ ;fw' /fdhL tkfO{nfO{ xfdL ;j} lzIfssf] tkm{jf6 ;xof]u / ;dy{g
/xg] 5 .
;l/tf M xf] ;fw'/fdhL of] :s"nsf dfq} x}g of] lhNnf e/Lsf :s"nsf lzIfsx?sf] ;dy{g tkfO{nfO{ /xg]
5 .
Clif M tkfO{sf] ljho eg]sf] xfd|f] ljho xf] lzIfssf] ljho xf] .
cfgGb M lzIfsx?sf] gfssf] nfh /fVg' xf]nf <
xl/ M xfdL xfd|f] tkm{ jf6 e/dUb'/ k|ofz u/]/ tkfO{nfO{ ljho u/fpg] 5f}F . tkfO{ 9'Ss x'g'xf]; .
;fw' M tkfO{x?sf] oxL cf8 e/f];fn], ufpFn]x?sf] ljZjf; / ;dy{g kf6L{sf] lhDd]bf/L ;j}n] dnfO{
Pp6} sf}t'xntf hufPsf] 5 . hgtfsf] va/bf/Ln] d cfˆgf] sfddf ;kmn x'g ;s] eg] wGo
;Demg] 5' .
b[Zo M !&
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/ -leq_-kfgL k/]_
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] kmn}+rf cfFug=== -a}7s_
kfq M rt'/fgGb, kfj{tL, ozf]bf, ceo, cg'hf
ozf]bf s]xL ub}{ x'lG5g\ . rt'/fgGb / kfj{tL cfO{ k'U5g\ . Tof] b]v]/ ozf]bf sfd 5f]8]/ alxgL /
HjfFOnfO{ 9f]s e]6 ul5{g\ .
ozf]bf M a;f}g -a;fpFl5g\_ P cg'hf, ceo otf x]/ t Û -kfj{tL, rt'/fgGb af]nfP lt/ x]5{g\_
ozf]bf M dxL kfgL s]xL vfg] xf] ls <
kfj{tL M Psl5gdf vfpFnf efph",
-olQs}df cg'hf / ceo cfO{k'U5g\_
cg'hf M P ;flgdf, ;fgf]af kf] cfOk'Ug' eP5 .
ceo M
-klxn] cg'hf kl5 ceon] 9f]U5g\_
-9f]uL ;s]/ rt'/fgGb ;Fu_ ;fgf]af clkm; 5'§L lnP/ cfpg' ePsf] xf] < b'O{ rf/ lbg a:g'
x'g\5 <
-rt'/fgGb / kfj{tL Ps csf{nfO{ x]/f x]/ u5{g\ To:tf] x]/f x]/ b]v]/ c?x? klg 5Ss k5{g\ /
k|Zg jfrs lrGxn] rt'/fgGbnfO{ x]5{g\ ._
ozf]bf M -klg Psflt/ a:b}_ s]xL ufx|f] ;fFu'/f] k/]sf] eP klg eGbf x'G5 HjfO ;fÚj xfdL ;Sbf] u/L
xfN5f} Sof/] Û
kfj{tL M To} c:tL ceonfO{ SofDk; egf{ ubf{ lnPsf] ?k}Fof vfFrf] k/\of] eGb} x'g'x'GYof] / lg
10

ozf]bf M P Tof]===== Tof] t o;}kfln lbg] eGbf] x'g'x'GYof] .
rt'/fgGb M cfˆg} k};f eP klg s]xL lyPg Jofhdf eg]/ lnPsf], ;dod} lbg kfP Jofhn] 9f8 ;]Sg] lyPg
eg]/ lg .
ozf]bf M cj ;fk6 lnFbf Jofhsf] s'/f ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] Jofh klg lbg' x'G5 Û
kfj{tL M To} t lbOxfNg' x'G5 lg Jofh ÛÛ
-ceo / cg'hf d'v lvGg kf5{g\_
rt'/fgGb M -otf ptL x]b}{_ clg bfO r} :s"naf6 slt v]/ cfpg' x'G5 .
cg'hf M v} af t :s"n ;s]/ klg sf]lrª k9fpg yfNg' x'G5 Tof] klg k};f glnsg slt v]/ slt v]/ <
ozf]bf M cfh klg ufu|f] Nofpg' ePg eg] kfgLsf] vfFr} x'G5 .
nvg M -nvgsf] k|j]z_ n oxfF t kfx'gf klg hDdf ePsf /}Ú 5g\ . clg rt'/fgGbhL olQs} 3'Db} ls
sfdn] Û
rt'/f M sfd}n] Û
ozf]bf M a:g'g afa' 7f8f ufpFaf6 cfpg' ePsf] x}g xf]nf t===== Û
nvg M n efph" ;f/f r6f/f] t cj dnfO{ kg]{ ef], d'vn] KofRr] af]ln xflnof], c? ;j}n] ;dy{g u/L
xfn] .
ozf]bf M x}g s] k/]5 To:tf] ;dy{g ug'{ kg]{ s'/f <
nvg M x]g'{; efph" o; kfnL xfd|f] ;fw'/fdnfO{ Joj:yflksfdf k7fOg] eOof], ;f+;b agfpg] eOof] . -
ceo cg'hf klg 5Ss k5|{g\_
-rt'/fgGbsf] cg'xf/ r// rDsG5_
ozf]bf M xfdLn] dfq k7fP/ x'Fb}g Sof/] hgtfsf] ef]6 rflxof], 8\ofd 8\ofdL 5fk, clg of] lrltG5 .
nvg M
To;sf] tkfO{ lrGt} glng';g efph" d]/f] ;fw'sf] of]Uotf t dnfO{ kf] yfxf 5, ufpF ufpF 8'n]sf]
5' . hgtfn] ;fw'nfO{ slt ljZjf; u/]sf 5g\ . Tof] t dnfO{ yfxf 5 . ljkIfLsf] hdfgt hAb
x'g a]/ nfpFb}g .
ozf]bf M of] Ps} rf]6L o:tf] s;/L eof] <
nvg M Ps} rf]6L s]xL x'Fb}g efph", b"3{6gf x'g t k"jf{wf/x? t}of/ x'Fb} hfG5g\ / b"3{6gf x'G5 eg]
o;sf] t k[i7 e"ld w]/} nfdf] 5 . cfh ufpF e/L ef]ln lhNnf e/L s'/f km}lnG5 t/==== ;fw' lsg
cfO k'u]g <
ozf]bf M
nvg M
:s"n ;s]/ cfpg' xf]nf lg t Û
sxfF x'G5 Û 3/ ;Nnfx lng' k5{ eGYof] / cfÚsf], n e} uf] d pt} jf6 p;nfO{ kf6L{ sfof{no
lt/ nfG5' kf6L{jf6 l6s6 glnOes} 5}g===Û
uP x}======= efph"============ -eGb} hfG5g\_
rt'/fggb M -rlDsb}_ ==== bfOnfO{ p7\g eGg';, jxfFsf] gfdn] ;fFRr} lhTg'x'G5 h:tf] nfU5 . oL ufpFn]n]
o;kflnr} 7Ls dfG5] 5fg]5g\ . bfO ;f+;b aGg' x'G5 .
ozf]bf M -ceo / cg'hf lt/ x]/]/_ ltdLx? s] eG5f} <
ceo M xfdL t s] eGg' Û af n] OR5f ug'{ ePsf] xf] eg] xfdL lbnf] Hofgn] nfUg' k5{ .
cg'hf M xf] cfdf, af n] l6s6 kfpg' eof] eg] t lhTg'x'G5 .
rt'/fgGb M
bfO r'gfj n8\g] xf] eg] dnfO{ d]/f] k};f klg rflxFb}g Jofh klg rflxFb}g a?=== vf]h]/ lbg' k/]
c? klg vf]h]/ lbpFnf elGbg'; .
11

ozf]bf M
kfj{tL M
-5Ss kl5{g\_
-klg 5Ss kl5{g c?x?nfO{ klg x]l5{g\

:yfg M ef]6 ug]{ 7fpF
kfq M k|x/Lx?, a'ysf dfG5]x?, ;'/Iff dtk]6Lsfx? sf]7fdf NofP/ rfª nfOb}5 .
b[Zo M @@
Mix
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ef]6 uGg] aflx/
kfq M ;fw'/fd, vng cGo ;j} sf}t'xntf k"j{s x]b}{5g\ . dflg;x? hDdf x'Fb}5g\ .
Mix-Montage
b[Zo M @#
;do M /ft÷leq
:yfg M ef]6 ug]{ 7fpF
Vote Counte e} /fv]sf] 5 .
Mix-Montage
b[Zo M @$
Mix-Montage
;do M /ft÷jflx/
:yfg M ef]6 ug]{ 7fpF jflx/
kfq M ;fw'/fd, nvg, kf6L{ d]Da/x? ufpFn]x? ozf]bf, ceo, cg'hf cflb,
Mix-Montage
b[Zo M @%
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ef]6 ug]{ leq
-ef]6 ugL ;s]/ 6f]6n x'G5 . ;j} lgGb|fn] jf]lemn j]xfnt 5g\ ._
b[Zo M @^
;do M lbpF;f]÷aflx/
:yfg M ef]6 uGg] jflx/
kfq M ;fw'/fdsf kl/jf/, nvg, b[Zo @# sf ;j} 3f]if0ff ug]{ JolQm –k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L

k|lh=c=M cfb/0fLo hg;d'bfo , If]q g+= # sf] klg dt u0fgf ;lsPsf] 5 . lrQ gj'em]sf pDd]bjf/x?n]
lgodfg';f/ ;do leq ph'/ ug'{ xf]nf –
pDd]bjf/ – ;"o{dfg – @$&
pDd]bjf/ – /fdxl/ – !*$&
pDd]bjf/ –;fw'/fd – @!,@$%
-hgtfsf] k|ltlqmof_
o; k|sf/ ;fw'/fdhLn] cToflws jx'dt NofO{ If]q g+= # sf ljhoL pDd]bjf/ 3f]if0ff ul/G5 .
-;j} ufpFn] ldn]/ v'l; x'Fb} ;fw'/fdnfO{ cla/ dfnf nufpF5g\ =================== s;}n] af]s]/ prfN5g <
gf/f nfU5 M of] hLt s;sf] hgtfsf]
;kgfsf] dxn
bZo – @&
:yfg M ;+;b ejg÷aflx/
kfq M ;f+;bx?, ;fw'/fd, n]vgfy
-;+;b ejgjf6 ;f+;bx?;Fu} ;fw'/fd klg lg:sG5g\ . csf]{ ;f+;bn] p;nfO{ k5\ofpF5 cln
PsfGt h:tf]df 5]sf/f] kf/]/ n]vgfyn] ;fw'/fdnfO{ /f]S5g\ . _
n]vgfy M gd:sf/ Û dnfO{ lrGg'ef] ;fw'/fdhL <
;fw'/fd M cf] xf] n]vgfy hL Û gd:sf/ Û s:tf] glrGg' t < cfdfljTg' eof] eg]/ 3/ hfg' eof] To;kl5
Ps} rf]6L /flhgfdf ug'{ eof] . tkfO{ ;f+;b x'g' ePsf] /]l8of] jf6 r} ;'g]sf] lyPF .
n]vgfy M cF To:t} k/\of], 3/ uP kl5 3/s} emd]nfdf kl/of] pt} :s"n vf]n]/ k7fpg yflnof] . km]l/
/fhgLltn] 5f]8]g ot} nfluof] .
;fw'/fd M d klg x]g'{g Vofn Vofn ubf{ ubf{ p7fP/ lhtfP/ k7fO{ lbP .
n]vgfy M clg PSn} x'g'x'G5 ls kl/jf/} ot} 5g\ <
;fw' M
5f]/f] ot} k9\b} lyof], 5f]/L klg o;kfnL P;=Pn=;L= kf; eO{ p klg ot} k9\g], clg d otf eP
kl5 >LdtL dfq lsg ptf < ;j} ot} 5f}F Û
n]vgfy M eg] kl5 a;fO{ ;/fO{ g} ul/;Sg' eof] ls Sof xf] <
;fw' M x}g ufpF t sxfF 5f]8\g] cj cfˆgf] ;tt k|of;n] cfˆgf] If]q ljsfz ug{ yfNg] xf] .
n]vgfy M n awfO 5 . clxn] sxfF t <
;fw' M
kfgL÷ljh'nL dGqfno nfUg] xf] . cfˆgf] sfd t ;'? u/L xfNg' k/\of] lg==== uPF t -eGb} ;fw'/fd
csf]{lt/ n]vgfy csf]{ lt/ nfU5g\_
b[Zo – @*
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M kfgL dGqfno÷jflx/
kfq M ;fw'/fd
-;fw'/fd kfgL dGqfno leq l55{g_
14

[Zo – @(
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M dGqLsf] sf]7f
kfq M ;fw'/fd, dGqL -kfgL dGqL_
;fw' M
dGqL M
;fw' M
dGqL M
;fw' M
-;fw'/fd 9f]sfjf6 leq l55{g_
gd:sf/ dGqLHo",
-klxn] glrg]/ x]/] h:tf] kl5 lrg]/_
P dfggLo Ho", gd:sf/, a:g';\ .
-a:5_
tkfO{sf] ;d:of s] ePsf] c/] Û
ufpFsf] dfly kfgLsf] d'xfg 5 ToxfF Pp6f l/hE{jfo/ agfP/ kfgL ;Íng u/\of] / kfOkjf6
kfgL ljt/0f u/\of] eg] rf/ cf]6f ufpFnfO{ kfgL k'U5, 3/ 3/df . Tof] agfpg klxn] ;e]{ ubf{
$) nfv]sf] Ol:6d]6 lyof] clxn] ^) nfv k'U5 xf]nf . Tof] k};f uf=lj=;= n] dfq hf]8fpg
;s]g To;}n] s]Gb|sf] ;xof]u rflxof] .
dGqL M lh=lj=;= n] x]/]g <
;fw' M ljutsf] åGbsf] l:ylt x]g'{;g\ . lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ult . cj ?s]sf] lgdf{0f ult o'4 :t/df cufl8
a9fpg' eof] eg] dfq b]z ljsfz x'G5 . oyfl:ylt t tby{jfbn] b]z rnfpg vf]Hg' eg]sf] km]l/
csf]{ åGb hGdfpg vf]Hg' xf] . To;} 6fn 6'n ug]{, cNemfpg], em'nfpg] eGbf km6fkm6 sfd ub}{
hfpF . ufpFsf dfG5]x? Ps ljxfg kfgL cf];fg{ dfq ljtfpF5g\ . Tof] >d v]/ uof] ls uPg <
s] afFRg' dfq} hLjg xf] <
dGqL M s] ug'{ t dfggLo Ho" . klxn]sfn] ;j} ah]6 e';'Ss kf/]sf 5g\ . To} klg d}n] ;lrj Ho"nfO{
eg]sf] 5' htfjf6 tfg]/ ePklg k'/s ah]6 agfP/ ePklg of] of]hgf r} kfg}{ k5{ eg]sf] 5' To}
klg ================ tkfO{ 9'Ss x'g'xf];=========== of] sfd d u/fP/} 5f]8\5' =========
;fÚj' M -p7]/ gd:sf/ ub}{_ wGojfb dGqLHo"==== of] of]hgf /flvlbg' eof] eg] d dfq} xf]Og ;f/f
ufpFn]x? v';L x'g] lyP . cflzjf{b nfUg] lyof] tkfO{nfO{ .
dGqL M -d';'Ss xfF:5_ ============
-;fw' hfG5g\ _
b[Zo – #)
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M kfgL dGqfno
kfq M ;fw'/fd, dGqL -kfgL dGqL_
;fw'/fdf kfgL dGqfnojf6 lg:s]/ ljh'nL dGqfno lt/ nfU5g\ .
b[Zo – #!
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M ljh'nL dGqfno
15

kfq M ;fw'
-;fw'/fdf ljh'nL dGqfno lt/ l55{g\_
b[Zo – #@
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ljh'nL dGqLsf] sf]7f
kfq M ;fw', ljh'nLdGqL
-b'O{ hgf dfG5] xft ldnfpFb} 5'l§G5g\ . Pp6f s'l;{df a:5 Pp6f 9f]sflt/ a9\5 . Tof] dfG5] lg:sg
nfUbf ;fw'/fdleq l55{ em08} 7f]SsLG5 dfG5] hfG5 ._
;fw' M gd:sf/, dGqLHo",
dGqL M -s';L{df a;L a;L_ gd:sf/========= P ;fw'/fdhL a:g';\ .
;fw M d]/f] ;fgf] sfd xf] dGqLHo", peL peL ;s]/ hfG5' x'Gg====== <
dGqL M h:tf] tkfO{sf] ljrf/============ ;efklt Ho" n] eGg' ePs} lyof] ======== s'g ufpF jf6 tfGg' kg]{ -
8fo/L kN6fP/ x]g{ yfN5_ hLtk'/ ;Dd r} ljh'nL k'u]sf] 5 ToxfFjf6 ToxL b'O{ lsnf]ld6/ hlt
tf/ tfGof] eg] k'U5 s]xL g s]xL uf=lj=;= n] klg ;xof]u u/L xfN5 .
dGqL M -dGqLn] 8fo/Ldf gf]6 u5{_ x'G5 ;fw'/fdhL of] jif{ tkfO{sf] ufpFdf ljh'nL k'U5====== .
;fw' M
dGqL M
;fw' M
d]/f] ufpF dfq x}g d]/f] r'gfj If]qe/L ljh'nL km}lng' k/\of] . xfd|f] lj8Dagf hn;|f]tsf] wgL b]z
eG5f}, t/ xfdL g} ljh'nL / kfgL h:tf] Go"gtd cfwf/e"t cfjZostfjf6 al~rt 5f}F .
tkfO{ 9'Ss x'g'xf]; ;fw'/fd hL Û a? k|flws/0fsf] of]hgfdf klg of] sfo{qmd yKg nufpg';
To;f] eP lglj{£g tkfO{sf] sfd x'G5 .
o;/L ug{ vf]h]sf sfdx? v'? v'? e} lbP t b]z ljsfz e} xfNYof] lg=== d hfG5' t dGqL Ho",
gd:sf/== -dGqLn] gd:sf/ kmsf{pF5g\ . ;fw'/fd ToxfFjf6 klg lg:sG5g\ ._
b[Zo – ##
;do M /ft÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] 8]/f sf]7f
kfq M ;fw', ceo, cg'hf, ef~hf
sf]7fdf n'ufx? 5/k:6 5g\ . n'uf nfpg vf]Hb}l5g\, ozf]bf========
cg'hf M cj h] 5 ToxL nfpg] lg af]nfPsf] 7fpFdf hfg} k/\of] .
ceo M hfg] eg]/ s] ug'{ oxfF dfG5]x? s:tf] s:tf] 7fFl6P/ cfpF5g\ . xfdL oxfFsf ;d|fGt egfpFbfx?sf]
kf6L{ ;f6L{df hfFbf cnUu} b]lvG5f} d t hfGg=============
-ToxL j]nf================ ;fw'/fd ToxfF cfOk'U5g\ rf/} lt/ lgofn]/ x]5{g\ kl5 kl5= ef~hf b]vf
k5{g\ .
;fw' M P cfh kf6L{df af]nfPsf] lyof] xO{Ú
ozf]bf M cF 9Lnf] x'g] xf] ls======= ceo r} n'uf geP/ ghfg] eG5 .
;fw' M gfË} lx8]sf] 5}g;\ Û h] 5 ToxL nufP/ hfg] .
16

ef~hf M xf] t, v} s'/f j'em]sf] h] 5 ToxL nufP/ hfFbf e} xfN5 lg .
-ceo 7':; k/]/ sf]7fjf6 lg:sG5_
ef~hf M s'/f j'‰b}gg\ .
;fw' M 5f]8b]p p;nfO{ . xfdL hfpF g t .
ozf]bf M olQs} hfg] <
;fw' M dnfO{ t ufx|f] nfUb}g=== lx8 Û
cg'hf Û -;j} lg:sG5g\_
ef~hf M -klg kl5 nfU5g\_ ====== …v} s'/f j'em]sf] dr} ghfg' <
;fw' M
tkfO{ ghfg';== ceo 3/ a:5 j:t}gÚ, km]l/ kmf}h} lnP/ hfg' /fd|f] b]lvGg Û
x} ef~hf ======================= ;j} hfG5g\_
-ef~hf cg'xf/ 7':; kf5{g\ _
b[Zo – #$
;do M /ft÷jflx/÷leq
:yfg M kf6L{ :yn
kfq M ;fw', ozf]bf, cg'hf
-kf6L{sf] /demd rln /x]s]f 5 . ;fw'/fdsf kl/jf/ uP/ kf6L{df ldl;G5g\ . csf]{ lt/ b'O{ j6f dlxnfx?
x'G5g\ . pgLx? s'/f ug{ yfN5g\ ._
rlGb|sf M sf] x'g logLx? gf}nf dfG5] h:tf 5g\ -x]k]/_
ddtf M ToxL l5d]sLdf efF8fdf a:g cfsf x'g Sof/ xfd|} 3gZofdhLsf gofF ldq .
ddtf M sfd gnfUg] dfG5] eP t 3gZofdhLn] ldqtf a9fpg' g} x'g] lyPg . ;f+;b x'g Sof/ .
rlGb|sf P==============-x]k]/_
-olQs}df 3gZofd cfP/ ;fw'nfO{ / ozf]wfnfO{ gd:sf/ u5{========= s]xL lng] Ozf/f u/]/
sfg]v';L u5{ . ;fw'/fd x'G5eG5. 3gZofd hfG5 .
rlGb|sf M -p7\5] ddtfnfO{ klg Ozf/f u5]{, h'j} p7\5g\ < -ddtf_ / ;fw'/fd ePsf] 5]pdf :GofS; lnb}
pleG5] . ;j} s]xL s'/f vfG5g\ .
rlGb|sf M
rlGb|sf M
-ozf]bfnfO{ ;'gfpg] u/L ddtf ;Fu_ ;f+;bsL >LdtL c/]=== 5\of s:tf] n'uf nufPsf] M
-ozf]bf k'n'Ss x]l5{g, >LdfgnfO{ x]l5{g, cg'hf cfdfj'jf b'j}nfO{ x]5]{ ._
lsGg klg bz jif{ k'/fgf] lsg]sf] h:tf 5 . kf6L{ ;f6L{ cfpFbf t cln ultnf] n'uf nufpg
g;Sg]n] lsg cfpg' <
-ozf]bf h/Ss x'g vf]H5], ;fw'n] /f]S5g\_
-ddtfn] rlGb|sfnfO{ tfg]/ csf]{ lt/ nU5] /
ddtf M ljgf l;lQ lsg lv:;L ug{ k/\of] .
rlGb|sf M o:tf dfG5] kf6L{ d} dg kb}{g dnfO{ .
17

[Zo – #%
;do M /flt÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] 8]/f sf]7f
kfq M ;fw', ceo, cg'hf, ef~hf
ceo sf]7fd} k9\b} x'G5 . o:t}df 9f]sflt/ x]5{ . ;fw'x? leq l55{g . ;j} pbf; 5g\ .
ceo M s:tf] eof] t kf6L{ <
-sf]xL jf]Nb}g yk yk a:5g\ .ceo 5Ss k5{

gL/h M slt s'5f}{ a;\ < ;j} p:t} eL8 x'G5 .
cg'hf M eL8 cln sd eP kl5 hfG5' .
gL/h M /ft k5{ cg'hf====== cfp d ltdLnfO{ k'/\ofOlbG5' .
cg'hf M e} uf] lg/h== d lxF8]/} hfpFnf=====
gL/h M glhs} ePkf] lxF8]/ hfg'======================
cg'hf M -lg?Q/ x'G5]_=======
gL/h M ltdLn] zÍf]r dfGg' kb}{g=============== ltdLnfO{ d cGt nfGg ;f]em} 3/} nuL lbG5' cfp Û
cg'hf M -ljj;tfk"j{s df]6/;fOsndf uP/ a:5]_
gL/h M Don't worry -x]nd]6 nufpF5 :6f6{ u/]/ hfG5 . _
b[Zo – #*
;do M lbpF;f]÷aflx/
:yfg M ;8s
kfq M ;fw'/fd
-;fw'/fd klg======== emf]nf af]s]/ ;8sdf nv/ nv/ lx+l8 /x]sf 5g\ . pgL ysLt b]lvG5g\ ._
b[Zo – #(
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'sf] 3/ 8]/f
kfq M ;fw', cg'hf, ceo, ozf]bf, ef~hf
ceo M -3/ leq l5b}{_ cfdf ef]s nfUof]==== vfhf vfg lbg'g====
ozf]bf M aGb} 5, a:t} u/ afaf / j}gL klg cfPkl5 vfpFnf===========
cg'hf M -klg cfO{ k'Ub}_ cfdf d klg cfO{k'uL ;s]F ef]s nfUof]========== n a:b} u/ d lnP/ cfpF5' .
ef~hf M -lg:sb}_ v} s'/f j'em]sf] < dfdf r} cfpg' kb}{g <
ozf]bf M 7Ls 7fs kfbf{ kfb}{ dfdf klg cfpg' x'G5 .Ú
-geGb} ;fw'/fd klg cfO{k'U5g\ . pgL s]xL gjf]nL r'krfk Jofu ˆofNb} ysLt eP/ a:5g\ .
-;j} Ps csf{nfO{ x]5{g\ . ozf]bfn] ;j}nfO{ vfhf lrof lblG5g\ .
;fw' M v} lrofdf t lrgL g} nfug] 5 Û
ozf]bf M lrgL klg ;lsof] k};f klg ;lsof] .
;fw' M Ps lsnf] lrgL lsGg] k};f klg 5}g t <
cl:t e/v/ lbPsf] !%,))).– l;l4of] <
ozf]bf M lx;fj hf]8\g':g, 3/efF8f ^,))).– ljh'nL !))).–, kfgL %)).–, cg'hfnfO{ P8ldzg %))).–,
jf6f] vfhf vr{ #)).–, ceonfO{ #)).– rfdn ()).– xfn #)).– t/sf/L d/ d;nf sxfF
u/]================
ceo M &)).– dfq} eP klg !%,))).– k'Uof] –d]/f] sn]hsf] lkm; t lt/]s} 5}g .
19

ef~hf M dfdfn] v} s'/f j'‰g' ePsf] . of] sf7df08f}+ t ;fIf;} /}Ú5 k};f vr{ gu/L t kfOnf ;fg}{ klg
ufx|f] . dnfO{ kf] 8/ nflu ;Sof] Û
ozf]bf M 3/df kf] rfdn bfn t/sf/L s]xL lsGg' kb}{gYof] . xh'/sf] tnjn] vr{ k'UYof] Û
ef~hf M oxfF t x\jf/ x\jf/L k]6«f]n afn]/ uf8L r9]sf 5g\ . 5g 5gL k};f vr{ u/]sf 5g\ . sxfFjf6
NofpF5g, s;/L k'/\ofpF5g\ . oxfF r} d}n] klg s]xL s'/f j'em]sf] 5}g <
ceo M xfd|f] sn]hdf v/bf/ ;'Aafsf 5f]/fx? klg df]6/ ;fOsn r9]/ cfpF5g\, kmdf{O; TolQs} x'G5,
sxfFaf6 cfpF5 k};f .
cg'hf M d]/f ;fyL klg sf]xL :s"6/df sf]xL uf8Ldf r9]/ cfpF5g\ 7"nf Jofkf/L klg x}gg\ . crDd
;fw' M
nfU5 . cfkm"nfO{ t d ;f+;fbsL 5f]/L eGg klg nfh nfU5 .
c?n] sxfFjf6 Nofp5g\ s] u/L NofpF5g\ . Tof] xfd|f] rf;f]sf] ljifo x}g . c?n] xfQL r9] eg]/
xfdL w'/L r9\g hfg] x}g . -–ceo / cg'hfsf] dg gk/]sf] efj_
;fw' M c?n] s] u/] eGbf xfdL s] u5f}{ Tof] dxTjk"0f{ s'/f xf] . xfdLn] xfd|f] :t/ / cj:yf lj;{g'
x'Fb}g .
-ozf]bf / ef~hfsf] k|ltlqmof ;fdfGo_
;fw' M ef}lts ;'v ;'ljwfn] dfG5]sf] t[i0ff cem a9fpF5 slxNo} k'Ub}g . b'\Mv ;'v zx/df k9\g kfPsf
5f} oxL g} 7"nf] s'/f xf] .
ceo -vfhf vfO{ ;s]/ cf]7 n]A/\ofP/ lxF8\5_ cg'hf klg To;} u/L lxF8\5]==== . ;fw'/fd
6fpsf]df xft /fv]/ lrlGtt x'G5g\ ._
-9f]sfdf 3gZofd b]vf k5{ . ef~hf / ozf]bf k'n'Ss 3gZofd lt/ x]5{g\_ 3gZofdsf] xftdf
Kofs]6 5 .
3gZofd M gd:sf/, dfggLo Ho",
;fw' M -6fpsf] p7fP/ x]5{g\_
P gd:sf/, 3gZofdhL, cfpg':g a:g';\ .
3gZofd M -cfP/ a:t}_ lrlGtt b]lvg'x'G5 gL Û
;fw' M x}g To;} yfs]/ a;]sf] ============================
3gZofd M xh'/n] TolQ sfd u/Llbg' eof,] d]/f] nflu nfv eof] xh'/ Û
;fw' M P Tof] cl:tsf] sfd===== eof] Tof] <
3gZofd M gx'g] s'/} 5}g========= tkfO{sf] k|;+;f lgs} eof] ToxfF dnfO{ eGbf t pgLx?nfO{ a9L yfxf /}Ú5 .
sfd t km6fkm6 e} uf]====== cF==== -u/]/ otfptL x]5{_ -c?sf] k|ltlqmof_
3gZofd M -xftsf] kf]sf 6]jndf /fv]/ ;fw'nfO{ x]5{_ .
3gZofd M s] xf] of] <
;fw' M Pp6f df]afOn lsg]sf] xh'/ cfˆgf] r} >LdtL Ho"n] /flv lbg' eof]=======
;fw' M P /fd|] /}Ú5 slt k5{ <
3gZofd M of] t ;fwf/f0f xf] xh'/ – !%))).– k/\of]=================
ef~hf M dfdf tkfO{nfO{ klg t 3'dGt] kmf]g rflxG5 lg xO=============-;fw'sf] Reaction ozf]bfsf]
Reaction_
3gZofd M xh'/ ;+u 5}g / < ====== dnfO{ klxn] eGg' kg]{ . o;f] ug'{; xh'/ of] tkfO{ g} /fVg';\ d csf]{
lsgf}nf======
20

;fw' M clxn] d ;+u k};f 5}g . k};f eP kl5 lsgf}nf .
3gZofd M s:tf] s'/f ug'{ ePsf] xh'/====== k};f t kl5 ldnfpFnf . ePsf] j]nflbg' xf]nf============= o;f]
o;f] ug'{;= xh'/ of] tkfO{ g} /fVg';\ . -–k/ ;f5{_
;fw' M pwf/f] emg ef/L x'G5 3gZofd hL=============
3gZofd M Tof] t x'G5======= t/ s]xL 5}g of] tkfO{ g} /fVg'5\ .
;fw' M xf]; klxn] l;dsf8{ lsgf} kl5 df]afOn lsgf}nf .
3gZofd M s] s'/f ug'{ x'G5 xh'/ < df]afOn lnP/ uPg l;dsf8{ r]s x'G5 . of] xh'/nfO{ ef] n Û
;fw' M -csdsfpF5_
3gZofd M cˆ6\of/f] gdfgL lng'; xh'/ Û
ozf]bf M Toqf] s/ u/] kl5 lng':g t =====
ef~hf M v} s'/f a'em]sf] dfdf ÛÛ xh'/nfO{ lg ;lhnf], xfdLnfO{ klg ;lhnf], lnP x'G5 Û
3gZofd M df]afOn gfy] t cfhsfn km'6kfy]x?n] af]S5g\ . xh'/ h:tf] dfggLon] t af]Sg} k5{ xh'/ xfdL
l5d]sL g} xf}F . xh'/nfO{ s}n] vg vfFrf] k/] klg dnfO{ ;Dem] x'G5 xh'/ -;j} r'k nfU5g\_
3gZofd M xh'/nfO{ wGojfb lbg cfPsf] lyPF . d clxn] nfU5' -df]afOn 5f]8]/ hfG5_
-of] g} p;sf] unltsf] klxnf] l;F9L x'G5 ._
b[Zo – $)
;do M /flt÷leq
:yfg M n]vgfysf] j}7s
kfq M n]vgfy, ;fw'/fd, uËf/fd, ehgnfn, Hof]ltnfn
-vfglkgsf] /demd rln/x]sf] 5 . /S;Lsf jf]tnx? v'n]sf 5g\ . Jofkf/L h:tf nfUg] dflg;x? 5g\ .
;fw'/fd klg k'U5g\ ._
;fw' M -hfFbf hfFb} b]vf k5{g\_
-;fw'sf] P.O.V. c?x?sf]_
n]vgfy M cf] xf] n cfpg'; ;fw'/fdhL xfdL tkfO{sf] :jfutdf a;]sf 5f}+ .
;fw' M oxfF t uhjsf] /demd rln/x]sf] /}Ú5 .
n]vgfy M ;fw'/fdhLnfO{ klg efu unfp
-s;}n] To;} ug{ vf]Hb} 5 ._ a:g';\ .
n]vgfy M jfO b j] kl/ro u/f}F g t=======
jxfF d]/f k'/fgf ldq ;fw'/fd / jxfF ehgnfn .
ehgnfn M gd:sf/
;fw' M gd:sf/
n]vgfy M jxfF uËf /fd, -uËf/fd gd:sf/ u5{_ ;fw' gd:sf/ kmsf{pF5 .
n]vgfy M jxfF Hof]ltnfn,
Hof]lt M gd:sf/
;fw' M gd:sf/
n]vgfy M jxfF zÍ/
21

zÍ/ M gd:sf/ .
n]vgfy M
jxfFx? ;j} Ps ;] Ps Joj;foLx? x'g'x'G5======
Pp6fn] vfg] ;fdfg NofP/ ;fw'/fdhLsf] cuf8L /fV5 ;fw' To;af6 Pp6f ;nfb lems]/
vfG5g\ ._
ehgnfn M zÍf]r dfGg' kb}{g xh'/, xfdL t v'nf 5f}F -;fw' d':sfpF5 dfq ck\7\of/f] dflg/xG5_
uËf M t/n kbfy{ rNb}g xh'/nfO{ <
;fw' M slxn] vfPsf] 5}g .
;fw' M cfh rfvL xfNg'; xh'/ Û
;fw' M d < -………………..xfF;]/ 6f5{_
zÍ/ M oxfFsf] ;f];fO6Ldf of] Pp6f clgjfo{ lrh xf] . hlt tkfO{ of] ;Fu bf]:tL a9fpFb} nfg' x'G5
;dfhsf 6f9f af7f ;Fu bf]:tL a9\b} hfG5 .
n]vgfy M oqf] hgfn] s/ u/] kl5 vfOlbg':g==============
;fw' M lKnh s/ gug'{;===== d c? yf]s vfG5' lg .
ehgnfn M c?yf]s t Tof] vfP kl5 cem a9L vfOG5 .
uËf/fd M oxfFsf] s'g} vr{ tkfO{nfO{ nfUb}g .
Hof]lt M oxfFsf] vr{ xfdL Joxf]5f}{========== tkfO{ vfg'; dhfn] ============= -;j} unn xf:5g\_
n]vgfy M cfh dfq} xf] s/ ug]{ . cfh vfP kl5 ef]ln b]lv s;}n] s/ ub}{g . tkfO{ vfFb} vfg' x'Gg eg]
yfxf kfPsf] eP af]nfpg] lyOgF lg Û -jftfj/0f r§ zfGt x'G5 ._
-;j} Ps csf{nfO{ x]g{ yfN5g\_
n]vgfy M vfg lbP kl5 vfg' lg lsg gv/f kfg'{ . d]/f] klg sxfF o:tf] Ifdtf 5 / jxfFx?n] vr{ ug'{ x'G5
. d jxfFsf] sfd ul/lbG5' d]/f] jxfFx?n] ul/lbg'x'G5 .
zÍ/ M 9'Ëfsf] e/ df6f] df6f]sf e/ 9'Ëf====== ;do cg';f/ rNg' k5{ .
;fw' M
;fw' M
-nfO{ lkGr k5{, p /S;Lsf] l;Ë} jf]tn p7fP/ tgtgL lkpg yfN5 . km]l/ ;j} 5Ss k/]/
;fw'nfO{ x]5{g\ .
-jf]tn ;s]/ e"Odf /fVt} n]vgfynfO{_
t]/f] cf}sft lyPg eg] dnfO{ /S;L vfg] 7fpFdf lsg jf]nfO; < t]/f] d]x]tgn] sdfPsf] Ps sk
lkmsf lrof g} d]/f] nflu cd[t ;dfg lyof] . dL7} dfg]/ vfGy] . oL e|i6 Jofkf/Lx?sf] cf8df
dnfO{ af]nfP/ ckdfg ug{ vf]h]sf] .
ehg M e|i6 Jofkf/L dfq x'Fb}g ;fw'hL, ;dfhsf x/]s tKsfdf e|i6«frf/ x'G5 .
;fw' M hfoh gfhfoh sfd tkfO{x? u/fpg' x'G5 . of] b]z ljufg]{ tkfO{x? h:t} e|i6 Jofkf/L xf] . ;j}
l;i6ddf cfqmd0f u/] Paralisys ul/ lbg' x'G5 / ;j}nfO{ cfˆgf] cf}Fnfdf grfpg rfxg' x'G5 .
uËf M xfd|f] sfd lgsfNg xfdL h] klg u5f}{ <
;fw' M
of] ;f+;b t]/f] sf] xf] < lsg o;/L n'6fpF5;\ < ;j dnfO{ yfxf 5 . lsg b]z emg emg sdhf]/
x'b}5 < ;j ltdLx? h:tf e|i6n] ubf{====
zÍ/ M s] n]vgfyhL s:tf] dfG5]nfO{ af]nfpg' ePsf] <
;fw' M b]z hgtfsf] rfxgf Pp6f 5 . Tof] k'/f ug{ ;lsG5 ls eg]/ cufl8 a9\of], oxfF t cs}{ ;+;f/
5 . b]z ljB"t ultdf lxF8\g rfxG5 t/ logLx? b]znfO{ e'l;nls/fsf] rfndf lxF8fpg vf]H5g\ .
k|ltufdLx? ===============
22

Hof]lt M
;j vNnf] rf}k6=========
Time Laps Shot
b[Zo – $!
;do M laxfg÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'sf] j]8?d
kfq M ;fw', ozf]bf,
-;fw'/fd ;'lt /fv]sf 5g\ . Jo"lembf pgsf] 6fpsf] a]:;/L b'v]sf] 5 6fpsf] ;dfpF5g\ , ;ls
oz]bf M
;fw' M
g;ls p7]/ c8]; nfu]/ knËd} a:5g\ . ozf]bfn] lrof lnP/ cfpFl5g\ / lblG5g\ ._
-lrof lbO{ ;s]/ a:t}_ -d'nfod :j/df_ lxhf] s] k/]5 To:tf] Û lhGbuLdf slxn] gvfPsf] lrh
vfP/ cfg' eP5 . 3/sf ;j dfG5] 5Ss kl//fv]sf 5g\ .
d}n] lxhf] hLjgdf slxn] g ef]u]sf] ckdfg ;xg' k/\of]======== cl:t kf6L{df t glrg]sfn]
3f]r]sf lyP t/ lxhf]= ;fx|} rf]6 k/\of] dnfO{====== .
ozf]bf M o:t} /}Ú5 . 7fpF cg';f/ xfdLn] kf] rNg ghfg]sf xf}F ls .
;fw' M
x}g ozf]bf . xfdL k/\of} l;bf ;fbf nKkg\ 5Kkg\ l;lsPg . klxn] b]lv l;s]sf] eP cfh cfP/
emg sfd nfUg] /}Ú5 .
ozf]bf M h;f] h;f] afx'g t;f] t;f] :jfxfM cj s] ug'{=======
;fw' M s] ug'{ ozf]bf, s'?If]qdf uO{ ;s] kl5 xltof/ klg p7fpg} k5{ . lgxTyf 5 eg]/ cledGo'nfO{
leid lktfdxn] 5f]8]gg\ . u'? b|f]0ffrfo{n] 5f]8]gg\===== -cfFvfaf6 cfFz' /;fpF5_
ozf]bf M -lk8Lt ljrlnt x'lG5g\._
;fw' M rf/}lt/ bnbn 5, of] bnbn jf6 afFr]/ lx8\g ufx|f] 5 ozf]bf===== /fhgLltnfO{ s] n] ljufbf]{
/x]5====== cj yfxf x'Fb} uof] .
ozf]bf M h;/L x'G5 of] rf/ kfFr jif{ t l6Sg} k/\of] ==== s]xL ug{ ;lsP5 eg] 7Ls} 5 ;lsPg 5 eg]===
km]l/ cfˆgf] k'/fgf] 7fpF ufpFd} kmsf}{nf .
;fw' M Tolt v]/ ;Dd zx/sf] /; lelh ;s]/ 5f]/f 5f]/Lx? km]/L ufFp hfg dfGnfg <
ozf]wfM -gfhjfkm x'G5]_
b[Zo – $@
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M sn]hsf] SoflG6g
kfq M ceo, /fwf, ;~hLj, dug,
-SoflG6gsf] dfxf}n, ljBfyL{x? sf]xL lrof sf]xL vfhf vfFb}5g\ . /fwf / ceo klg lrof vfO{ /x]sf
5g\ . dug / ;~hLj sfp06/jf6 cln b/f] -vfhf lnP/ cfpF5g\ / /fwf / ceo ePsf] 5]ps} 6]j'ndf
a:5g\ . /fwf / ceo lrof vfFb} Ps csf{nfO{ dfofn' b[li6n] x]l/ /x]sf 5g\ . pgLx?nfO{ ;~hLj
dugx? cfPsf] lt/ dtnj 5}g . ;~hLjn] dugnfO{ b]vfpF5 ceox? lt/ Ozf/f ub}{ dug klg Tot}
x]5{ . /fwfx?sf] xftdf lrof t/ tn 6]j'ndf s]xL 5}g\ .
23

dug M s] xf] /fwf < -/fwf k'n'Ss x]5]{, ceo klg x]5{_ -JoËofTds_
dug M lrof dfq} vfhf ;fhf s]xL 5}g <
-/fwf / ceo pQ/ lbb}gg\_
dug M -/fwf ltdLn] kf6L{ t r]~h u/\of}, t/ sËfn kf6L{df uO5\of} . xfdL eGbf cln ;DkGg kf6L{df
uPsf] eP x'GYof] . -ceosf] tLtf] Reaction cfkm} leq_
-/fwf klg d'v td tdfO{bf] kf5]{_
dug M p klg t ;f+;b k'q xf] jfpn] ;DklQ sdfPs} xf]nf <
;~hLj M
-JoË\ofTds_ lkm; glt/]/ gf]l6; jf]8{df gfd lgsfn]sf] 5 o;sf] klg
-ceosf] cg'xf/ cem tLtf] x'G5 . _
/fwf M -/fwf 3/L ceo / 3/L pgLx? lt/ x]5]{_ ltdLx?nfO{ s] dtnj k};f t cflv/ ltdLx?n] ltg]{
x}g hlxn] eP klg p;}n] ltg]{ xf] .
dug M lrofsf] k};f klg cfFkm} lt/\of} xf]nf . a? xfdL g} lt/L lbGYof} lg Û
;~hLj M lrof ;Dd Vjfpg g;Sg]nfO{ s] JofOk|m]08 agfPsL xf]nf .
dug M cem} klg Chance 5 . cfp kf6L{ r]Gh u/ .
ceo M -ceonfO{ ;lxg;Sg' x'G5 h'?Ss p7]/ uP/ dugsf] sn/ ;dfpF5_ d'vdf h] cfof] ToxL
af]N5;\_
uug M s] wDsL b]vfpF5;\ -b'j} xft em6\sfdf 5'6fpF5]_ ;f+;b k'q x'F eg]/ km"lt{ b]vfpF5;\ <
/fwf M
-ceo k'gM uugsf] l3r|f] ;dfpg nfUbf_
-n] ljr}df ;dfP/_ emu8f gu/ ceo Û k};fn] dflQPsf ;dfhsf ls/fx? x'g logLx?
logLx?nfO{ rnfP/ b'u{Gw dfq km}lnG5 . -ceo ljjz x'G5 /fwfn] tfGb} ToxfFaf6 n}hfG5] ._
b[Zo – $#
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M kfgL dGqfnosf] sfof{no
kfq M ;fw'/fd, kfgL dGqL
dGqL M
-kfgL dGqL df]afOndf s'/f ub}{5g\_
xf] xh'/ xf], Tof] /sd t ;fw'/fdhLsf] ufpFsf] nflu aNn aNn 5'§ofPsf]=========== Ps s/f]8
dfq} xf] t, jxfFnfO{ klg xh'/n] g} l;kmfl/z u/]sf t xf] gL======= Tof] ah]6 d}n] cGt lbg] xf]
eg] /fw'/fdhLn] dfg'{ x'G5 xh'/ . cj xh'/sf] cfb]z g} To:tf] eP==== ;fw/fdhLnfO{ csf]{ jif{sf]
ah]6jf6 ldnfpg' knf{ . x'G5 To;} u?nf ;fw'/fdhLnfO{ kl5 /fvf}F t . x; -To:t}df ;fw'/fd
leq l55{g < dGqLn] df]afOn aGb u5{g\ / ;fw'/fdhLnfO{ M–
dGqL M cf] xf] ;fw'/fdhL cfpg';\ Û
;fw' M gd:sf/ -kl5_ d]/f] sfd sxfF k'Uof] .
dGqL M x]g'{:g clxn] ev{/ ToxL ljifodf s'/f x'Fb} lyof] . bz lt/ ubf{ klg ;lsPg .
;fw' M -v'O{o ub}{ ;f]kmfdf a:5_ s] d"v lnP/ ufpF hfg'÷c? j]nf guP klg bz}{df t hfg} knf{ .
dGqL M ghfg]gLt tkfO{sf k'/f kl/jf/ ot} 5g\ Sof/ ,ot} bz} dgfpg'======
;fw' M eGg ;lhnf] 5 dGqLHo", h'g hgtfsf] ef]6 lnP/ d oxfF k'u]F pgLx?nfO{ g} wf]sf lbP/ xfdLn]
afFRg' g} Joy{ x'Fb}g <
24

dGqL M tkfO{ t ;fx|} efj's aGg' x'Fbf] /x]5 .
;fw' M
/fhgLlt ;dfh ;]jf xf], /fi6« ljsfzsf] cfwf/ xf] bz{g / lj1fgsf] ;+of]hg xf]= xfd|f]
nflu========= t/ hlt u/] klg============
b[Zo – $$
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'sf] 3/ jflx/ + ;8s
kfq M gL/h, cg'hf, ozf]bf
-ozf]bf 5t jf j/08fdf ;'sfPsf n'uf p7fpFb} x'lG5g\ , pgsf] cfFvf k/ ;8sdf k5{ . ;8sdfgL/hn]
cg'hfnfO{ df]=;f k5fl8 /fv]/==== NofpFb} 5 . ozf]bf b]v]/ 5Ss k5]{, Wofg lbP/ x]5]{ . gL/hn]
cg'hfnfO{ 3/sf] 9f]sf cufl8 NofP/ /f]ls lbG5, cg'hf cf]ln{G5] / jfO{ u5]{ gL/h jfO[ ub}{ hfG5 .
ozf]bf w]/} 56k6fpF5], x'lQP/ leq l55]{ . _
b[Zo – $%
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'sf] 3/÷leqL k|j]z÷e¥ofª
kfq M cg'hf, ozf]bf
-cg'hf / ozf]bfsf] hDsf e]6 x'G5 . cg'hf cfˆg} ?dfgL d'8df x'G5] eg] ozf]bf 8/ / /Lzsf]
;+o'Qm d'8df ,ozf]bf cg'hfnfO{ b]Vg] ljlQs] xkfg{ yfnL xflN5g\_
ozf]bf M sxfFaf6 cfsL tF <
cg'hf M -tl;{G5]_ 5\of s:tf] t;f{sf], sn]hjf6 t xf] gL,
ozf]bf M l56f] s;/L cfO; <
cg'hf M df]6/ ;fOsndf .
ozf]bf M t]/f] jfpn] df]6/;fOsn lsGb]sf lyP .
cg'hf M 5\of gaf]Ng'g t To;/L , ;fyLsf] df]6/ ;fOsndf cfPsL .
ozf]bf M s]6f ;fyL sL s]6L ;fyL <
cg'hf M s]6f ;fyL s} df]6/ ;fOsndf cfPsL .
ozf]bf M sf] s]6f xf] Tof] <
cg'hf M xfdL Pp6} sSnf;df k9\5f} cfdf, s]6f ;Hhg 5 .
ozf]bf M cfˆgf] OHhtsf] Vofn /fv]; 5f]/L,c?n] b]V5g\ d'vn] s]xL geGnfg, t/ leq leq} s] ;f]Rnfg <
cg'hf M s] ug'{ t cfdf ========= cfˆgf] jfxg 5}g, a; leq /fIf;x?sf] cfFvf / z/L/x? ;njnfpF5g\,
eL8sf] kmfObf lng vf]Hg] s's'/x?sf] sdL x'b}g . 6\ofS;L r9]/ lx8\g] d]/f] Ifdtf 5}g s] u?F <
ozf]bf M
sn]h cfpg] ;j}sf] uf8L x'G5 t Û xfdL h:t} ck'u x'g]sf 5f]/f5f]/L sn]h k9\b}gg\ . ;j}n] s;}
g s;}sf] k5f8L em'l08g} k5{ t Û
cg'hf M -Psl5g cfdfnfO{ x]5]{ ._
ozf]bf M -cem} c;Gt'li6sf] efj ._
25

cg'hf M
-;Demfpg] / dfofn' lx;fjn]_ tkfO{ cfdf eP/ 5f]/L k|ltsf] lrGtf d a'‰5' cfdf -cfFvf
/;fpF5_ d klg ;fgL 5}g . 7Ls a]7Ls 5'6\ofpg ;S5' . 3/sf] dof{bfsf] l;df klg dnfO{ yfxf
5 . d af6 o:tf] s'g} uNtL x'g] 5}g cfdf . -b'j} cfdf 5f]/L cËfnf] xfN5g\ ._
b[Zo – $^
;do M /flt÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] vfgf vfg] 7fpF
kfq M ;fw'/fd, ozf]wf, cg'hf, ceo, ef~hf, 3gZofd
- ;fw'/fd, cg'hf vfgf vfFb} 5g\ . ceosf] cuf8L vfgf To;} 5 . _
;fw'/fd M -Tof] b]v]/ ceonfO{ ;f]W5_ æs] eof] lsg vfgf gvfsf]

ozf]wf M P Û 3gZofd afa', cfpg'; g a:b} ug'{;\ . d xft r'7]/ cfOxfN5' x} -eGb} hfG5]_ .
;fw'/fd M a:g'g -eGb} p7]/ hfG5_ .
3gZofd M xftsf] ;fdfg 6]j'ndf /fv]/ jl/kl/ x]g{ yfN5 -ef~hf] klxn] cfpF5g\ / 3gZof;+u s'/f ug{
yfN5g\ ._
ef~hf M ;j}nfO{ s'/f] a'emfpg} ufx|f] . s;}sf] sn]hsf] lkm; lt¥of 5}g, s;}nfO{ :s'6/÷df]6/;fOsn
rflxof5 s;}nfO{ /f;g kfgL aGb xf]nf eGg] 8/ 5, s;}nfO{ c?sf] d'vdf s;/L a'emf] nfpF
eGg] 6]g;g 5 . vf]Os'/f a'em]sf] <
-;fw'/fd cfOk'U5_
;fw'/fd M -tkfO{n] aflx/sf] dfG5]nfO{ lsg 6]G;g lbPsf] < tkfO{n] rfFlx vf]O s'/f] a'em]sf] <
3gZofd M d sxfF aflx/sf] dfG5] x' / xh"/ < d t 3/sf] dfG5] x' lg .
-ozf]bf klg cfP/ al:5g\ . pgsf] cfFvf 3gZofdn] NofPsf] emf]nfdf 5_
ozf]bf M s] Nofpg' efÚsf] lg of] km]/L <
3gZofd M ;f+;b hL n] Pp6f 7]Ssf ldnfOlbg' efÚsf] lyof], To;af6 /fd|} kmfObf eof] . To;}n] dlGb/ uP/
eujfgnfO{ n•' k]8f km"n e]6L r9fP/ cfÚsf] . xh'/x?nfO{ klg k|;fb NofOlbPsf] -eGb} emf]nf
p3f5{, dfly k§L ld7fOx? dfq} b]lvG5g\ .
-ef~hf p7]/ lx8\5_
ozf]bf M -lvl;|Ss k5]{_
3gZofd (cont..........) d]/f] nflu t jxfF g} eujfg –
;fw'/fd M lsg ljTyfdf b'Mv ul//fVg' ePsf] <
3gZofd M
of] t s]xL b'v xf]Og xh"/ . k|;fb dfq xf] . cfkb ljkb k¥of] eg] v'n]/ eg] x'G5 . of] ;]js
;]jfdf xflh/ 5 . cflv/ l5d]sL eg]sf] s] sf nflu < k/]sf] j]nf sfdnfU5 xf]Og < d oxfF
cfpF5' hfG5', Tof] s'/f s;}nfO{ yfxf x'Fb}g .
-ef~hf cfpF5g\ efF8f lnP/_ -ozf]bfsf] 5]pdf /flVbG5g\_
3gZofd M -ef~hfn] efF8f /fv] kl5_ cj xh"/ ;f+;b dfq} eP/ ePg, dGqL x'g'k¥of] .
;fw'/fd M s;/L x'g' dGqL vf]O <
3gZofd M tkfO{ Ozf/f dfq} ug'{; g . sxfF s] cSsn nufpg' k5{, d klg nufpF5' .
ozf]bf M nufO/fVg' g t afa' . s]xL u/L eOxfNof] eg]========== xfd|f] lbg klg ;'lw|G5 ls Û
3gZofd M x'G5 d d]/f] tkm{af6 k|of; u5'{ . d t of] k|;fb k'¥ofpg dfq cfÚsf] lyP cj d hfG5' -pm
hfG5_
ozf]bfn] emf]nfsf] ld7fO{ efF8fdf vGofpl5g\ . tnjf6 sfuhdf kf]sf] kf/]sf] s]xL e]l6G5 . --
;j}sf] Reaction_
ozf]bfn] sfuhsf] kf]sf] vf]N5] . xhf/ xhf/sf] gf]6sf] lj6f x'G5 .
;fw'/fd M -l/;fP/_ Tof] rfFlx kmsf{OlbOxfn t_
ozf]bf M rf]/]sf], n'6]sf] xf] / < ljr/fn] sqf] >4fn] 3/}df NofOlbPsf] nIdL lsg kmsf{pg] < b'lgofn] b'O{
xftn] ;f]xf]bf{ ePsf] 5, xfdLn] r} lbPsf] lng klg gx'g] < -k}zf lnP/ ozf]bf hfG5]_
ef~hf] M -ld7fO{ d'vdf xfn]/ d'v ld7\ofpF5 ._
;fw'/fd M d}n] Tof] df]afOn g} lng gx'g] lyof] .
27

[Zo –$&
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] dfjnL
kfq M ;fw'/fdsf dfdf, ozf]bf, ceo, cg'hf, ef~hf
-6Lsf nufpg] ;fdfu|L tof/ 5g\ . dfdf cfP/ a:5g\ ._
dfdf M cfpg';\ x} ef~hf 6Lsf nfpg . ceo, cg'hf stf uP cfcf] .
-;j}hgfsf] k|j]z . jl/kl/ j;] ._
dfdf M
-dfdfn] klxn] ;fw'/fdnfO{ 6Lsf nfOlbb}_
cfo' b|f]0f ;"t] >Lod\ bz/y]
zq' Ifod\ /f3j]
P]Zjo{d\ gx'if] ultZr kjg] dfg~r b"of]{wg]
bfgd\ ;"o{ ;'t] and\ xn 3/]
;To~r s'GtL ;'t]
ljJbfg] ljb'/] ejt' ejtfd\ sLlt{Zr gf/fo0f] ÛÛ
n -hd/f /fvLlbb}_ n ef~hf ;f+;b eOxfn]sf 5f}, o;kfnL dGqL x'g' . sf7df08f}+df 7"nf] 3/
agfpg' . xfdLnfO{ klg kz'kltsf] bz{g u/fpg' .
-cg'hf, ceo / ef~hfsf] k|ltlqmof_
ozf]bf M s;/L agfpg' dfdf < dlxnfsf] !%))) ?k}of cfpFbf] /Ú5 . sf7df08f}+sf] dxËLdf Tof] k}zfn]
3/ vr{ 6fg{ t wf} wf} . slxn] hUuf lsGg', slxn] 3/ agfpg' slxn] dfdfnfO{ af]nfpg' Tof]
a]nf ;Dd t dfdfsf] x•L klg dlSs ;S5 .
dfdf M -tl;{b}_ s] eg]sL a'xf/Ln] <
-cg'hf / ceo rfFxL d'v 5f]k]/ xfF:5g\ ._
ef~hf M -cg'hf / ceo xfF;]sf] b]v]/_ ToxL t vf]O s'/f a'em]sf] d]/f] a'9f dfdfn] .
-dfdf rfFlx ozf]bf tkm{ kmls{P/ 6Lsf nfpg yfN5g\_
dfdf M dfOtL klg cfh} hfG5\of} <
ozf]bf M cfh} hfg] dfdf .
b[Zo –$*
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M ufpFsf] ;8s
kfq M nvg ;fw'/fd, ceo, cg'hf, ozf]bf, ef~hf
- ;8sdf nvg n'?n'? lxl8/x]sf] 5 . ;fw'/fdx?nfO{ b]v]/ nvg cl8G5 . nvfgsf] POV jf6
;fw'/fdx? nvglt/ a9\b} .
ozf]bf -glhs} cfO;s]/_ P nvg afa't, PSn} n'v'? n'v'/ PSn} lx8\b} x'g'x'bf] /Ú5 . kl/jf/ vf]O t <
nvg M pgLx? cuf8L k'lu;s] . d olx ;fw'/fd oxfF cfPsf] 5 eGg] tfxf kfP/ 3/ l5b}{ cfÚsf] .
;fw'/fd tkm{ kms]{/_ t/ tF 3/ eGbf klxn] dfjnL k'lu; ls Sof xf] <
;fw'/fd M 3/df uP/ emf]nf yGSofP/, clg kf] dfjnL ufÚsf] t .
28

nvg M cj lg cj < ;;'/fnL lx8]sf] <
;fw'/fd M To;} eGg' k/\of] .
-;j} Pslbzfdf lxF8]_
nvg M sfdsf] s] k|ult eof] t vf]O <
-;fw'/fdsf] Reaction af]Nb}g_
nvg M tF lht]/ uP/ s] kmfObf ef] ufpFn]nfO{ < ljh'nLsf] cQf]kQf] 5}g . kfgLsf] n5f/kf6f] nfUof] . tF
t ;fx|} x'ltxf/f lgl:s;\ .
ozf]bf M eGg ;lhnf] 5 lg afa' . sfd ug{ slt ufx|f] x'Fbf] xf] .
;fw'/fd M
nvg M
oxfF ;f+;b x'g] ljlQs} ;j} s'/f hfb'sf] 58Ln] h:tf] æ5' dGt/ x'G5Æ eG7fG5g\ . ToxfF uPkl5
dGqfnosf sd{rf/Ln] s;/L 3'dfpF5g\ . sldzg gcfpg] of]hgf s;/L c8\lsG5g\, s;/L aofg
ug'{ d}n] o;nfO{ <
ltdLx? h] ;'s} jxfgf agfcf] g, hgtfx?nfO{ k|ltkmn rflxG5 . ljrdf lj?jf s:n] /f]Kof],
dnhn s;n] u¥of], ?v slxn] a9\of] clg slt kmn kmNof] oL ;j} s'/f uf}0f x'g\ .
-Tolxljrdf Pp6f j6'jf jf6f]df ;fw'/fd g]/ cfP/ jf]N5_
j6'jf M ltdL t ;fx|} sfd gnfUg] dfG5] /x]5f} ;fw'/fd Û oxfF x'Fbf Toqf] ;dfh ;]jf ul/lx8\g] dfG5] emg
;f+;b ePkl5 ufpFsf] nflu Pp6f l;Gsf] efRg ;s]gf}+ . ;fx} gfdb{ /}Ú5f} .
-;fw'/fd cWof/f] d'v nfP/ cuf8L a9\5_
nvg M b]lv; Û ufpFn]x?sf] k|ltlqmof < sqf] cfz u/]sf lyP pgLx?n] . g jf6f], g ljh'nL, g kfgL .
b[Zo –$(
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] ;;'/fnL
kfq M ;f;', ;;'/f, rt'/fggb, kfj{tL, ceo, cg'hf, ef~hf, ozf]bf, ;fw'/fd,
rt'/fgGb / kfj{tL ;DkGg u]6ckdf 5g\ ._
-rt'/fgGb, kfj{tL tyf ;f;', ;;'/f ljr 9f]ue]6 rNb}5 ._
-;fw'/fd, ozf]bfx? klg k'U5g\ ._
-pgLx?sf] klg 9f]ue]6 eof] ._
;f;" M n Û HjfO5f]/Lx? ukm ub}{ ug'{ d efG;f lt/ nfu]F .
-;f;"÷;;'/f leq hfG5g\ ._
lbbL jlxgL Psflt/ / ;f8\bfO{÷efO Psftkm{ a:5g\ ._
kfj{tLn] ozf]bfsf] ;f8L 5fDb} M ;f8L t go} lsGg' eP5 t/ s:tf] ;:tf] vfnsf] .
ozf]bf M dxËf] lsGgnfO{ t k}zf] klg 5 x'g'k¥of] lg .
kfj{tL M Toqf] ;f+;b eP klg legfh'n] k}zf sdfpg' ePg <
;fw'/fd M ;f+;b x'Fb}df k}zf sdfOg] xf] / <
rt'/fgGb M sdfpF5g\lg bfO sdfpg hfGg' k/\of] .
;fw'/fd M vf]O Tof] rfFlx tkfO{;+u l;Sg' knf{ .
rt'/fgGb M tkfO{ eGg'; g dfq d;Fu slt pkfo 5g\ 5g\ .
29

kfj{tL M -ozf]bf ;Fu_ uxgf klg xflNb'g ePg legfh'n] <
ozf]bf M d]/f] uxgf eg]s} legfh' t xf] lg < -3fFl6lt/ b]vfpFb}_ oL oxL Pp6f 5Fb}5, lsg rflxof] kluQf]
.
kfj{tL M jxfFn] t dnfO{ csf]{ Pp6f gofF ;]6 agfOlbg' efÚ5 . x]g]{ lbbL <
ozf]bf M -dg gnfuL_ n] g t x]/f}F .
kfj{tL M -Aofu vf]N5], uxgfsf] ;]6 lemS5], b]vfpF5]_
ozf]bf M -x]/]/_ P Û /fd|f] l8hfOgsf] /}Ú5 . slt k/f] <
kfj{tL M k'/} ;]6sf] ! nfv @) xhf/ .
ozf]bf M -cfFvf RofTb}_ cfdfdfdf, nfP/ lx8\g klg 8/ dbf{] .
kfj{tL M 8/ nfUg] 7fpFdf gnfpFnfgL . -legfh' ts{ kms{G5]_
x]g'{:g legfh' Û lbnLnfO{ Ps ;]6 uxgf xfNbLg} k/\of] tkfO{n] . ;dod} v'§f 3'dfpg hfGg' k5{ .
-;fw'/fd lhNn k5{ _
kfj{tL M tkfO{n] dfq b'lgofFsf] 7]Ssf lng' ef 5 / < cfˆg} 3/ l;Ëfg{ ;Sg' ePg eg] b]z s] l;Ëfg'{
x'G5 tkfO{n],cfˆgf] b'gf] ;f]‰ofpg'; legfh' . c?sf] efudf kf¥of] ls k/]g jf:tf gug'{;\ .
-;fw'/fd ckdflgt cg'ej u5{ . ozf]bf klg tdtdfOnf] d'v nfpF5] . _
b[Zo –%)
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M k"hfsf]7f jf 6Lsf nufpg] 7fpF
kfq M ;f;" ;;'/f, ozf]bf, kfj{tL, ;fw'/fd, rt'/fgGb, ceo, ef~hf, cg'hf
-;;'/fn] / ;f;'n] ;fw'/fdnfO{ 6Lsf nufOlbb}5g\ . _
;;'/f M rfF8–rfF8} k|ult xf]; . k|z:t k}zf sdfpg' . nIdLn] 9's'6Ldf jf; u?g\ . sf7df08f}+df 7"nf]
;;'/f M
3/ agfpg' . d]/L 5f]/Ln] ;'v kfcf];\ . -hd/f /fv]kl5_ n ca 5f]/L cfOh .
-5f]/LnfO{ 6Lsf nufOlbb}_ hoGtL dËnfsfnL, eb|sfnL skflngL ÛÛ b"uf{ Ifdf lzjfwfqL gf/fo0fL
gd:t't] Û HjfO ;fx|} ;f]emf] x'g'x'G5 cln cln t}n] klg l;sfpg' . h:;/L x'G5 sf7df08f}+df 3/
rfFlx agfpg' .
-k}zf /fv]/ 9f]U5g\_
b[Zo –%!
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M ;;'/fnL
kfq M ;f;", ;;'/f, ;fw'/fd, ozf]bf, rt'/fgGb, kfj{tL, ceo, cg'hf, ef~hf .
6Lsf nufP/ jflx/ cfpF5g\ . jflx/ /]l8of] em'l08/x]sf] 5 . jflx/ cfP/ a:5g\ ._
kfj{tL M cfdf Û vfgf kfSof] Sof/ . kl:sxfNg' . vfP/ xfdL hfg'k5{ .
;f;' M P]n] s] sf] xtf/ < cfh ot} a:g' ef]ln hfg' .
-kfj{tL rt'/fgGbsf] cg'xf/ tkm{ x]5]{ ._
rt'/fgGb M 3/df klg kfx'gf cfpF5g\, rf8} kms{g kfP x'GYof] .
30

-;fw'/fdn] /]l8of] vf]N5 ._
/]l8of] ——
k"g{ul7t dGqLd08ndf cGo dGqfno oyfjt /x]sf] 5 eg], dGqL hn;|f]t >L x/]Gb| a= l;+x,
dGqL cfjf; tyf ef}lt of]hgf >L d'/nL gf/f0f / dGqL jg tyf e" ;+/If0f >L ;fw'/fd
x'g'ePsf] 5 .
cg'hf -v'zL x'Fb}_ x'/}{ afaf t dGqL x'g'eof] .
rt'/fgGb M -gkTofPem}_ xf] < ;fFRr} xf] bfO <
kfj{tL M xf] t lg, ev{/ gfd eg]sf] ;'Gg' ePg -ozf]bfn] /]l8of] ;fg' kf5]{_
ozf]bf M cl3 g} /]l8of] vf]n]sf] eP k'/f ;dfrf/ ;'Gg kfOGYof] .
rt'/fgGb M awfO{ 5 bfO, awfO{ 5 .
ozf]bf M dGqLsf] tnj t ;f+;bsf] eGbf a9L x'G5 lg xO .
;fw'/fd M cF a9L x'G5 .
ozf]bf M cj rfFxL si6sf lbg hfG5g\ ls .
ef~hf] M hfG5 lg Û v} s'/f] a'em]sf] < uf8L cfpF5, tnj a9L x'G5, ;'ljwf a9L x'G5
9'Ss x'G5 .
ozf]bf M -cfdf j'jfnfO{ x]/]/_ ca jGbf]j:t ldnfP/ cfdf j'jfnfO{ kz'klt bz{g ug{
af]nfpg' k5{ .
b[Zo %@
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M dGqLsf] jflx/L sIf
kfq M dfG5]x?, ;rLj, pk;rLj,, ;x;lrj , 3gZofd
dfG5]x?, km"ndfnf lnP/ plePsf 5g\ . 9f]sfdf ;fw'/fd k|j|]z u5{g\ . ;+u;+u} ef~hf] klg 5 .
-;j}n] km"n lbG5g\, dfnf nfOlbG5g\_
;rLjn] dfnf nfO;s]/ csf]{ sfo{sIfdf n}hfG5 .
b[Zo %#
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M sfof{no
kfq M ;rLj, ;fw'/fd, pk;rLj, ef~hf], 3gZofd .
-;fw'/fdnfO{ nu]/ ;rLjn] s'l;{df a;fpF5g\ . xflh/ k'l:tsfdf xflh/ u/fpF5g\ ._
;rLj M k/Dk/fut lgod cg';f/ kb jxfnL ePkl5 Pp6f kmfOnsf] lg0f{o ug]{ rng 5 . -kmfOn lbb}+_
o;df 3gZofd hL sf] -3gZofdsf] k|ltlqmof_ nufot c?sf] klg vo/ ;+sng ug]{ ;DaGwL
sfuhft 5 . lgodfg';f/ lbg] xf] eg], 3gZofd hL n] lbg] /fhZj eGbf 8f]nk|;fbn] lbg]
/fhZj ;ft s/f]8n] a9L 5 . d]/f] cWoogdf Tof] ;ft s/f]8 /fhZj a9L cfpg] x'gfn]
31

8f]nk|zfb nfO{ lbg' /fd|f] ePsf]n] d}n] jxfFsf] kIfdf lg0f{o n]v]sf] 5' . dGqL Ho" lg0f{o ug'{
x'G5 ls, cWoog ug'{ x'G5 <
-;fw'/fdn] Psrf]6L 3gZofdnfO{ x]5{_
3gZofd M d]/f] kIfdf lg0f{o x'g}k5{ eGg] s]xL 5}g . cfˆg' ljj]s k'¥ofP/ lg0f{o ug'{; dGqL Ho" .
-;lrj kmfOn lnP/ hfG5_ c? pk;rLjx? klg hfG5g\ ._
3gZofd M -rfKn'\;L kf/fn]_ M xh"/ of] s'l;{df a;]sf] x]g]{ 7"nf] OR5f lyof] . aNn cfh k'/f eof] . xh'/nfO{
dGqL agfpg s]xL cSsn t d]/f] klg vr{ eÚsf] 5 .
;fw'/fd M tkfO{sf] d]xgtn] dnfO{ h] kmfObf eof], Tof] d pksf/ ;Demg] 5' .
3gZofd M xjz t xh"/ d hfG5' . -gd:sf/ u/]/ hfG5_
b[Zo %$
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb|sf] jflx/L efu .
b[Zo %$ s
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M /f=;=s] sf] sfo{zfnf uf]i7L x'g] 7fpF .
Meeting Hall df Pp6f Jofg/ em'G8\ofOPsf] 5 . Tof] Jofg/ dfyL csf]{ kbf{n] 5f]k]sf] 5
. sd{rf/Lx? km"ndfnf lnP/ a;]sf 5g\ . 9f]sfjf6 ;fw'/fd cfpF5 . ;j}n] km"ndfnf
lbG5g\ . pk;lrj uh]Gb| s]=l=;L=hL= n]
;fw'/fdnfO{ Jofg/ ;Dd k'¥ofpF5g\ .
uh]Gb| s]=;L= M ;Dk"0f{ /fi6« ;]js sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ cfˆgf] :yfg u|x0f ul/lbg' x'g\ xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5' . -;j}hgf
j:5g\_
uh]Gb| s]=;L= M xfd|f] ;DalGwt dGqfnosf dGqL Ho" sf] sfo{ Joj:yfn] ubf{ gofF dGqL d08ndf sd{7 agdGqL
>L ;fw'/fd hLnfO{ xfdL ljr :jfut ug{ kfpFbf xfdLnfO{ uj{ nfu]sf] 5 . /fli6«o ;t{stf
s]Gb|n] /fi6\| ;]js ;'Aaf, vl/bf/ / clws[t tx sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;'zf;g / e|i6frf/ ;DaGwL
hfgsf/L lbg xfdLNf] of] sfo{zfnf uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf 5f}F . o; uf]i7Lsf] pb\3f6g ul/lbg'
eO{ b'O{ zAb af]lnlbg' x'g dGqLHo" df cg'/f]w ub{5' . -s}+|rL /fv]sf] ls:tL dGqL lt/ a9fpF5g\ .
-;fw'/fdn] s}+rL lnP/ l/jg sf6\5g\ . _
;fw'/fd M
-tfnL aH5__
cfhsf] o; sfo{zfnf uf]li7df b'O{ zAb af]Ng] cj;/ lbg' ePsf]df cfof]hs Ho"nfO{ wGojfb
lbg rfxG5' . ;'zf;g eg]sf] /fi6« ;]js sfd{rf/Lx?n] hgtfnfO{ k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf s'g}
d'nflxhfdf gnfuL ljgf e]befj ;/n 9Ën] kf/bzL{ ;]jf g} xf] . ToxL ;]jf hj s'g} nf]e
nfnr e]b\efj k"0f{ yfN5, ToxLFjf6 e|i6frf/sf] hGd x'G5 . ;'zf;g s'zf;gdf kl/0ft x'G5 .
xfdLn] /fHosf k|To]s cËnfO{ e|i6frf/af6 d'Qm /fVg'k5{ . o; sfo{df /fli6\|o ;ts{tf s]Gb|
;jn / ;Ifd /xf]; eGg] z'esfdgf JoQm ug{ rfxG5' . tkfO{x?sf] o; ;'zf;g / e|i6frf/
32

;DaGwL sfo{zfnf uf]i7L ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg xf]; eGg] cu|Ld z'e sfdgf lbg rfxG5' . olt
eGb} d cfˆgf b'O{ zAb oxLF 6\'ª\ofpF5', wGojfb . -a:5_
uh]Gb| s]=;L= M xfd|f] sfo{zfnf uf]i7L rfn' /xg] 5 . dGqL Ho" sf] sfo{ Joj:yfn] ubf{ jxfFnfO{ xfdLn] ljbf
ug'{kg]{ ePsf] x'Fbf dGqL Ho"nfO{ ljbf ug]{ cg'dlt rfxG5' .
-;fw'/fd p7\5g\ c? klg p7\5g\ / dGqLnfO{ 9f]sf ;Dd k'¥of5g\ _
b[Zo–%%
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M rt'/fgGbsf] a}7s
kfq M rt'/fgGb, kfj{tL, zf]let
- rt'/fgGb / kfj{tL sf]7fdf j;]/ T.V. x]l//x]sf 5g\ . zf]letsf] k|j]z x'G5 . _
zf]let M nf}g dt jjf{b eP . rf}k§} eof] d]/f] t .
-rt'/fgGb / kfj{tL z]letlt/ 5Ss k/]/ x]5{g\ .
rt'/fgGb M s] ajf{b eof] To:tf] <
zf]let M d]/f] 56f]/fsf] a'l4 e|i6 eP5 xh"/ .
rt"/fgGb M s;/L eof] t a'l4 e|i6 < eGg';g\, xfdLnfO{ klg s]xL yfxf xf]; .
zf]let M yjSs zx/df a;]/ kl9/fv]sf] lyof], 5'§Ldf ufpF cfÚsf] /}5, ufpFsf p/g7\ofpnf s]6fx? ;Fu
nfu]/ aGohGt' cf/Ifdf lzsf/ v]Ng uP5 . af3 df/]5g\ . -zf]let / kfj{tLsf] k|ltls|of_
jg sfof{non] ;dft]5 . nf}g s] u?F < tkfO{sf] ;f7'bfO{ t agdGqL x'g'x'G5 Sof/ arfOlbg'
k¥of] .
-rt'/fgGbsf] lbdfu 3'D5, rt'/ cfFvf 3'dfpF5 .
rt'/fgGb M jjf{b eP5 gL . Red Hand ;dfltPsf] cj tkfO{sf] 5f]/f] uof] cfhLjg sf/fjf; Û
zf]let M cfhLjg sf/fjf; x'G5 / <
rt'/fgGb M x'Gt t Û cln w]/} k}zf vr{ ug'{ eof] eg] cln sd ;hfo xf]nf .
rt'/fgGb M slt vr{ nfU5 xf]nf <
rt'/fgGb M vr{sf] t s'/} gug'{; g Û Red Hand ;dfltO;s]kl5 slt 7fpFdf vr{ ug'{ k5{ .
zf]let M d]/f] Pp6} 5f]/f], a'l4 ljlu|P/ To:tf] sfd ul/xfNof] hlt vr{ nfu]klg u5'{ .
rt'/fgGb M %)÷^) nfv vr{ ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 <
-zf]let Psl5g ;f]Rg yfN5_
rt'/fgGb M -rt'/ cfFvf 3'dfpFb} kfj{tL tkm{ Ozf/f u5{ ._
zf]let M u5{' xh'/ u5'{ .
rt'/fgGb M To;f] eP ef]ln k}zf lems]/ l7s kfg'{ ef]ln g} sf7df08' hfg'k5{ .
zf]let M x'G5 . - Fade up eP/ lg:sG5 ._
33

[Zo–%^
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ldl6Ë xn . /f=;=s]= .
kfqx? M ;ts{tf s]Gb|sf sd{rf/L, uh]Gb| s]=;L=
-sfo{zfnf uf]li7 eO/x]sf] 5. pk;lrj uh]Gb| K.C. lzIff k|bfg ub}{ x'g'x'G5 .
b[Zo–%&
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M /f=;=s]=sf] sfof{no sf]7f
kfqx? M clws[t, lkpg,
- lxdfgL cfˆgf] 6]jndf sfd ul//x]sL l5g\ . 6]lnkmf]gsf] 306L aH5 . lxdfgLn] kmf]g
p7fpFl5g\ . _
lxdfgL M x]nf], /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb|
xf], eGg'; -eGb} sfuh / snd l7s kf5{g\ ._ cF tkfO{sf] gfd uf]Ko /xG5 . s'g} xfntdf v'Nb}g
. -s]xL n]V5g\_
s'g sfof{nodf eGg't -km]l/ n]V5g\_
l7s 5 d P]n] dfG5] k7fpF5' . ;"rgf
lbg' ePsf]ndf wGojfb . -6]lnkmf]g /fv]/ 306L ahfpF5g\_
lxdfgL M /fd hL / cg'/fu hL nfO{ af]nfp . t'?Gt} 58\s]df hfg'k¥of] .
b[Zo– %*, %(, ^)
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M sfof{nosf sf]7fx?
kfqx? M/fd, cg'/fu
sf]7fdf lx6/ aln/x]sf] x'G5 . x/]s sf]7fdFsf] lx6/ lgefpFb} hfG5g\ . s'g} sf]7fdf k+vf 3'ld/x]sf] x'G5 .
t/ :6fkm sf]xL x'Fb]g] s'g} sf]7fdf alQ aln/x]sf] x'G5 . alQ lgefpF5g\ . afy?ddf kfgL v]/ uO/x]sf]
x'G5 aGb u5{g\ .
b[Zo–^!
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M sDKo'6/ sf]7f
kfqx? M /fd, cg'/fu, aRrfx?
sDKo'6/ sf]7fdf :6fkmsf s]6fs]6Lx? sf]xL u]d v]Nb} x'G5g\ . sf]xL Spider man x]b}{
34

x'G5g\ . /fd, cg'/fusf] k|j]z x'G5 .
/fd M -Pp6f aRrfsf] 5]pdf uP/_ afa', of] Video game v]Ng] kfn{/ xf] ls clkm; xf] .
cg'/fu M -csf]{ ============================_ clg jfj', oxfF office sf] sfd ug]{ ls Spider man x]g]{ .
-aRrfx? cSs g aSs k/]/ Ps csf{sf] cg'xf/df x]5{g\ ._
/fd M ltdLx?nfO{ s;n] cfpg lbof] oxfF <
aRrf s M jfjfn] .
aRrf v M dnfO{ dfdfn]
an/fd M jxfFx? vf]O t <
aRrf s M 3fd tfk]/ ukm ub}{ x'g'x'G5 .
b[Zo–^@
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M clkm;sf] 5t ÷ jf k|fË0f
k'?if, dlxnf sd{rf/Lx? .
Ps dlxnf a|'; rnfP/ ;'O6/ a'Gb}lG5g\ .
sdnf M a'‰of} lgd{nf cll:t lttf] ;Todf :jf:gL dfOt hfFbf k/fO{ s]6LnfO{ /ftL 3/df a:g b]sf] b]v]/
lgd{nf M
dnfO{ t Tof] nf]Ug] rfxL egf}bf] ;+u s:tf] /L; p7]sf] lyof] .
Tolx t l7s b]vfsf] 5 . oL nf]Ug]dfG5]x? o:t} x'G5g\ . t/ ;f;' ;;'/f ;j};+u a;]/ x]bf{ t
s:tf] nfhdbf]{ efsf] .
;fljqL M vf]O{, cfkm"nfO{ t :6f/ Km;af6 sfxfgL 3/ 3/sL x]b]{ l7s x'G5 . km]/L oL g]kfnL l;l/on s}
x'G5g\, s] gldn] s] gldn] h:tf] .
-csf]{k§L Side df nf]Ug]dfG5]x?sf] ;d"x 5 ._
nIdLsfGt M clg ;'Aaf ;fxj; ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfj xf]nf t o;kfnL <
;'Aaf÷ab|L M dnfO{ s] yfxf sqf sqf g]tfn] t eGg ;Sb}gg\ .
d's'Gb M zlxbsf] /ut t v]/} hfg nfUof] .
nIdLsfGt M d's'Gb hL sf] 5f]/fsf] kf:gL slxn] c/] <
d's'Gb M ef]ln t xf] lg .
nIdLsfGt M n ef]ln rfFlx dHhfn] dgfpg' k5{ x} d's'Gb hL .
d's'Gb M eOxfN5 lg . a? ef]lnsf] kf:gL xflsd ;fxjn] ;Demg' efÚsf] 5 ls 5}g <
b[Zo–^#
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M xflsdsf] sf]7f
xflsd cfˆg} sfd ub}{5g\ . /fd cg'/fusf] k|j]z x'G5 . xflsdn] x]5{g ._
35

xflsd M -glrg]em}+ u5{g\_
/fd M -cg'/fu b'j} kl/ro kq b]vfpFb} _
/fd M xfdL /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb|af6 .
cg'/fu M -sf8{ /fV5g\_ tkfO{sf] clkm;df sf]xL klg :6fkm cfˆg' s'l;{df 5}gg\ . ;a 3fd tfk]/ uk r'6]/
al;/x]sf 5g\ . afy?ddf kfgL v'Nn} 5, sf]7fdf k+vf rln/x]sf] 5 . lbpF;} alQ jfn]/ 5f]8]sf]
5 .
/fd M sf]xL gePklg lx6/ afn]/ 5f]8]sf] 5 . sDKo'6/ / 6]lnkmf]gdf aRrfx? v]ln/x]sf 5g\ . vf]O
tkfO{sf] xflh/L vftf b]vfpg';\ .
xflsdn] xflh/ vftf lems]/ lbG5g\ ._
-/fd, cg'/fun] vftf r]s u5{g\ ._
/fd M xflh/ vftfdf x]bf{ t tkfO{sf ;a} :6fkm xflh/ 5g\ . vf]O t sf]7fdf sf]xL klg 5}gg\ .
-xflsd cg'Ql/t_
cg'/fu M btf{df dfG5] cfP/ al;/x]sf] 5 . pgLx?nfO{ s] yfxf s'g kmfF6sf] dfG5] sf] xf] Û
/fd M dfG5]sf] sfd rfF8f] eP kf] rfF8f] hfG5, le8 a9\b}g . hgtfn] lt/]sf] s/af6 tna vfP/
hgtfnfO{ g} b'Mv lbg] < of] t lgsf] rfnf ePg .
-pgLx? hfG5g\_
b[Zo–^$
;do M lbpF;f] ÷ aflx/
:yfg M clkm;sf] 5t jf k|fË0f
kfq M xflsd, sdnf, lgd{nf, ;fljqL, nIdLsfGt, ;'Aa d's'Gb M
dlxnf / k'?ifsf] ;d"x cl3s} h:t} 5 . ;dfg ultdf ukm rln/x]sf] 5 .
lgd{nf M oL lxGbL l;l/onx? t emg s] xf] s] xf] . syf g} slxn] sfxfF k'U5, slxn] sfxfF k'U5 .
-l7s Tolxj]nf cfqmf]lzt d'b|fdf xflsd cfOk'U5 ._
xflsd M s] rfnf xf] tkfO{x?sf] <
-;a} ;ts{ x'G5g\_
xflsd M clkm;df 58\s] cfP/ uO;Sof], yfxf 5 tkfO{x?nfO{ < tkfO{x?sf] xflh/ lstfjdf 58\s]n] /ftf]
lrGx nfP/ uPsf] 5 . ;ahgf :kl:6s/0f lbg' hfg';\ . clg Tof] clkm;sf] sDKo'6/ s] 5f]/f
5f]/L ef~hf, ef~hLnfO{ video game v]Ng /fv]sf] xf] < sf]7}lkR5] lx6/ jfn]/ 3fd tfk]/ a:g'
s] rfnf xf] tkfO{x?sf] < ;/sf/L sf]ifsf] b'?kof]u ug]{ tkfO{x? < -kmGs]/ leq l55{_
36

[Zo–^%
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M ;8s -sn]hsf] jf6f]_
kfq M ceo, rt'/fgGb zf]let
-ceo n'v'/ n'v'/ sn]hlt/ hfb}5 . csf]{ lbzfjf6 rt'/fgGb / zf]let cfpFb}5g\ . tLg hgfsf] e]6
x'G5 . -ceon] rt'/fgGbnfO{ gd:sf/ u5{ ._
rt'/fgGb M
-gd:sf/ kmsf{P/ zfletnfO{ kl/ro u/fpF5_ jxf rfFlx xfd|f] ufpFsf] dxfhg÷clg pm rfFlx
ceo, jgdGqLsf] 5f]/f
-zf]let v'zL_
rt'/fgGb M sxfF lx8]sf] ceo <
ceo M 3/ kms]{sf] .
rt'/fgGb M ca t dGqLsf] 5f]/f] eP/ klg k}bn lx8]sf] t <
ceo M uf8L jf nfO{ dfq lbG5, dnfO{ lbb}g s] ug'{ t Û
rt'/fgGb M ;'g, Pp6f sfd nfUg] s'/f 5, cfOh –tfg]/ nfG5g\_ -/]i6'/]G6 leq l55{g\_
;kgfsf] dxn
b[Zo ^^
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M /]i6'/]06 leq
kfq M ceo, rt'/fgGb, zf]let
-tLg hfg Pp6f 6]a'ndf uP/ a:5g\ ._
rt'/fgGb M– -j:b}_ x]/ ceo, h'g sfd kmQ] ug{ xfdL sf7df08f}+ cfPsf 5f}F Tof] sfd k'/f ug{ t}n] klg 7"nf]
d2t ug{ ;S5; / Tof] sfd eof] eg]========== -Ps rf]6L zf]let lt/ x]/]/_ t}n] Pp6f df]6/
;fOsn / % nfv ?lkofF kfp5;\ cash=====
-ceosf] Reaction============= cfZro{ gkTofpFbf]_
rt'/gGb M– d}n] 7§f u/]sf] x}g ;fFRr} eg]sf]===========
ceo M d}n] d2t ubf{ g} Toqf] cfDbfgL x'G5 eg] lsg gug'{ cjZo u5'{ .
rt'/fgGb M :ofjf;=== t r} d]/f] elthf] xf]nf; h:tf] 5 .
zf]let M sfd klg Tolt ;lhnf] 5}g dfG5]nfO{ h]n ;hfoaf6 d'Qm u/fpg' k5{ .
ceo M cf] xf] of] t Police case h:tf] 5 <
Hofgdf/f s]z xf] ls Sof xf] <
rt'/fgGb M tF 9'Ss xf] g, dfG5] df/]sf] s]z xf]Og .
ceo M clg cfFkm} kml;g] s]z xf] eg] t d}n] dfkmL dfUg' k5{ ;fgf] af .
rt'/fgGb M
t]/f] afp ;f+;b dfq lyP, s]lx klg zlQm lyPg . cfh dGqL ePsf 5g\ . 7"nf] zlQm x'G5 Tof]
zlQmsf] Pp6f ;fgf] c+z dfq k|of]u ubf{ x'G5 .
37

-ceosf] k|ltlqmof hjfkm lbg ;Qm}g ._
-zf]letsf] k|ltlqmof cj s] x'G5

-cg'hf klqsf NofP/ lbG5]_ ToxL j]nf 3l06 aH5 . -;a}hgf eml:sG5g\ . ozf]bf xQ / kQ
uP/ 6]lnkmf]g p7fpFl5g .
ozf]bf M sf] ceo xf] <
b[Zo ^& -s_
;do M /flt÷leq
:yfg M s'g} sf]7f
kfq M ceo
- ceo df]afOnaf6 s'/f ub}{ 5 . _
ceo M xf] cfdf d ceo x'F .
ozf]bf M tF sxfF 5; afa', clxn] ;Dd lsg gcfPsf] <
ceo M cfdf, kmf]g afnfO lbg';\ .
ozf]bf M d ;Fu s'/f ug{, lsg af rflxof] <
ceo M d af ;Fu s'/f u5'{ lbg'g .
ozf]bf M -;fw'lt/ x]/]/_ tkfO{;Fu s'/f ug]{ /] .
;fw'/fd M -kmf]g lnP/ lsg ceo tF 3/ lsg gcfPsf] .
ceo M Tof] 3/ x}g af, Tof] t 8]/f xf] .
;fw'/fd M h] eP klg rfF8f] cfpg' kb}{g <
ceo M tkfO{ cfˆgf] kl/jf/nfO{ eGbf cfˆgf] st{JonfO{ dfofF ug'{ x'G5 .xfdLnfO{ dfofF ug{ x'Gg hxfF
dfofF 5}g ToxfF ;DaGwx? b]vfj6L x'G5g\ .
;fw' M u5'{ afa' d cfˆgf] kl/jf/ cfˆgf] ;Gtfg ;j}nfo{ dfofF u5'{ .
coe M tkfO{ dnfO{ dfofF ug]{ eP d]/f] Pp6f sfd ul/lbg':g
;fw'/fd M s] sfd xf] klxn] 3/ cfOh a]ln la:tf/ nuf oxfF ;j}hgf vfgf gvfO{ tFnfO{ s'/]/ a;]sf 5g\ .
sfd t e} xflN5 lg Û
ceo M xf]Og klxn] d]/f] sfd x'g'k5{ clg dfq d tkfO{sf] Tof] Sjf6/ xf] ls 8]/f xf] ToxfF cfpF5' .
;fw' M s] eg]sf] ceo – tF cfh lsg afp7]sf] s'/f u5{; xF <
ceo M d cfh afpl7Psf] 5' . d]/f] sfd ePg eg] tkfO{n] d]/f] d/]sf] cg'xf/ b]Vg' x'g] 5 .
;fw' M s] af}nfxf h:tf] s'/f u5{ of] <
ceo M
xf] d af}nfxf ePsf] 5' . d]/f] af, d]/f] cfˆg} afn] cfˆgf] kl/jf/, 5f]/f, 5f]/LnfO{ eGbf ;dfh;]jf
/ OdfGbf/LtfnfO{ dfofF u/]sf] b]v]/ d]/f] lbdfusf] gzf km'6\g cfF6]sf] 5 .
;fw'/fd M -Ps l5g ;f]w]/_ eg s] sfd xf] <
ceo M
of] sfd eof] eg] dnfO{ klg nfe x'G5 tkfO{nfO{ klg nfe x'G5 . @)÷#) nfvsf] kmfObf x'G5
af Û
;fw'/fd M d]/f] 5f]/f dnfO{ 3'; VjfP/ sfd u/fpg vf]Hb} 5 .
ceo M tkfO{sf] efiffdf Tof] 3"; xf]nf, t/ d]/f] efifdf kfl/>lds xf] .
;fw'/fd M c?sf] nflu eP To:tf asDk'm;|] sfd d af6 x'Fb}gYof] . t/ t]/f] nflu xf] eg] eg d em'l08g
klg t}of/ 5' .
39

ceo M kb}{g s]jn Pp6f kmf]g ul/lbP k'U5 .
;fw'/fd M s;nfO{ <
ceo M tkfOs} ag ljefusf k|d'vnfO{ .
;fw'/fd M s] eGg' k¥of] <
ceo M rGbgk'/ ufpFsf dxfhg zf]letsf] 5f]/f lg/~hgnfO{ s}b d'QM ul/lbg eGg' k¥of] .
;fw'/fd M s] eG5 of] < /]8 XofG8 ;dft]sf] dfG5]fnfO{ s;/L 5f]8\g] <
ceo M hl/jfgf u/]/ s}b ldgfxf u/L lbg' k¥of] .
;fw' M Tof] kmfon ljefudf k'uL ;Sof] s;/L x'G5 <
ceo M
k'/fgf kmfOnsf] 7fpFdf gofF kmfOn /fv]sf] 5 . ;lrjn] s]jn kmfOn dfq x]/]/ ;xL ul/ lbP
k'U5 . cghfgdf 36gf 36]sf] eg]/ hl/jfgf u/]/ 5f]8L lbP x'G5 .
/fw'/fd M ;j}nfO{ yfxf ePsf] s'/f ;lrjn] s;/L ug{ ;S5 <
ceo M yfxf gkfP h:tf] u/]/ . lg/~hg km]l/ slxn] ToxfF hfFb}g . p sf7df08f}+ a:5 . s;}nfO{ yfxf
x'Fb}g, 36gf w'k–r'k ;lsG5 .
;fw'/fd M o;/L ck/fwLnfO{ ;+/If0f ug'{ eg]sf] TolQs} 7"nf] ck/fw ck/fw ug'{ xf],Tof] ck/fw klg d af6
u/fpg rfxG5;\ .
ceo M
tL ;j cfbz{sf s'/f x'g\ af ,lxhf] ;Dd tkfO{ ;Sg' x'Gg lyof] . xfdLn] cefj ckdfg ;x]sf
lyof} t/ cfh tkfO{ ;Ifd x'g'x'G5 cj klg tkfO{ Jojxfl/s x'g' ePg eg] slxn] klg x'g ;Sg'
x'Gg . k|To]s lbg xfdLn] ckdfgsf] 3'6\sf] lkP/ afFRg' kg]{ x'G5 .
;fw'/fd M 7Ls 5 tF 3/ cfOh Û -csf]{ kmf]g ug{ yfN5g\ ._
b[Zo ^*
;do M lbpF;f]÷aflx/
:yfg M 7"nf] 3/ -gofF 3/_ sDkfp08 ;8s
kfq M ozf]bf, rt'/fgGb, 3gZofd
3gZofdsf] sf/ ;8saf6 x'Fb} Pp6f 7"nf] 3/sf] sDkfp08 leq l5/]/ ?S5 .
sf/af6 qmdz, 3gZofd, ozf]bf / rt'/fgGb lg:sG5g\ . 3gZofdn] klxnf] d"n 9f]sf nufpF5 ozf]bf /
rt'/fgGb 3/ pT;'stfk"j{s x]l//x]sf 5g\ .
3gZofd M glhs cfP/ – n x]g'{; xh'/ …3/ oxL xf] < of] 7fpFsf] nf]Sofln6L klg /fd|f] 5 . cfˆg} af]l/ª
ozf]bf M
3gZofd M
@$ ;} 306f kfgL, j]n kmlg{:8 5, xh'/======
/fd /fd oqf] 3/ lsGg] k};f sxfF 5 / xfdL ;Fu. d ;Fu To} HjfO;fj ;Fu lnPsf] @% nfv dfq}
t . of] 3/ @% nfvdf cfpF5 <
xh'/nfO{ dg k¥of] eg] e} xfN5gL xh'/ Û sfd dGqLHo"n] ldnfO{ lbb} hfg' d otf ldnfpFb} hfG5'
.
ozf]bf M t} klg oqf] 3/ t sxfF lsGg ;lsG5 / s/f]8 eGbf dfly g} xf]nf of] 3/sf] bfd t < oqf] 3/
t d}n] ;kgfdf klg b]Vg] u/]sL 5}g .
rt'/fgGb M lbbL d af6 h;/L Tof] k};f cfof] To;} u/L jxfFaf6 c? k};f cfpF5 . ls s;f] 3gZofdhL .
40

3gZofd M Psbd xh'/ Û vo/sf] 6]08/ ePsf] 5 xfdLn] klg Tof] 6]08/ xfn]sf] 5 . -sfg} g]/ uP/_ d]/f]
kmfOn ;b/ eof] eg] xh'/, of] 3/ xh'/sf] gfddf / ceo afa' / cg'hf gfgLsf] gfddf c? !–
! j6f 3/ lslGbg ;S5' xh'/========================
-ozf]bfsf] dg 9Ss km'n]/ cfpF5 cg'xf/df kl;gf kl;gf x'G5 ._
-rt'/fgGb ozf]bfnfO{ ;DemfpF5_
rt'/fgGb M x]g'{; lbbL ;do cfpF5 klv{b}g eg] h:tf], o:tf] df}sf k6s k6s cfpFb}g lbbL, x'G5 elglbg';
ceo d klg eP/ bfOnfO an u?Fnf . tkfO{n] klg /f]O g} lbg] xf] eg] bfOsf] s] nfU5 . x'G5
elglbg'; lbbL .
3gZofd M efph" d}n] tkfO{sf] ckdfg ePsf] klg b]v]sf] 5' . k};fsf] sdLn] 3/ emu8f ePsf] klg b]v]sf]
5' . km]l/ o:tf] sfd jxfFn] dfq x}g yf]/ ax't ;j}n] u5{g\ .
-ozf]bfsf] Reaction – -ls+ st{Jo_
-rt'/fgGbsf] Reaction x'G5 elglbP x'GYof] eGg] cfz_
3gZofd M d ;+u nufgL ug]{ kf6L{sf] lsd 5}g j; Tof] vo/ ;+sng ug]{ kmfOn ;b/ x'g' k¥of] .
ozf]bf M -b[9 lgZro u/]/_ Tof] ;b/ eof] eG7fGg'; . kTgL wd{nfO{ afGws /fVg' k/] klg ;Gtfgsf]
;'vsf] nflu d Tof] ug]{ eP Û
3gZofd M kmfOn ;b/ ePkl5 lr7L kfpg' eGbf cufl8 d xh'/x? tLg} hgfsf] gfddf tLgj6} 3/ kf;
u/L lbG5' ========== xfd|f] sfd aGof] hfpF efph" Û -;j} hgf km]l/ sf/df a;]/ hfG5g\_
b[Zo ^(
;do M /flt÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] ;'Tg] sf]7f]
kfq M ozf]bf, ;fw'/fd
-ozf]bfn] ;fw'/fdfnO{ kmsfpFb}l5g\_
ozf]bf M Tof] vo/sf] 6]08/ ;fw'/fdn] klg lbPsf] 5 Ú/] xf] <
;fw'/fd M s;n] eGof] ltdLnfO{ <
ozf]bf M p;}n] eg]sf] lbpF;f] cfPsf] lyof] .
;fw'/fd M -s]xL af]Nb}gg\_
ozf]bf M ljx] u/]sf] oqf] jif{ eof], d}n] d]/f nflu slxn] klg s]xL klg dfFlug, o; k6s d klg dfU5' .
;fw'/fd M -kms]{/ x]5{g\_
ozf]bf M Tof] 3gZofdsf] sfd ul/lbg'; ;'v b'Mvdf p;}n] xfdLnfO{ ;fy lbPsf] 5 .
;fw'/fd M ltdLnfO{ yfxf 5 p;sf] / csf]{ kf6L{sf] 6]08/ /sddf slt /fh:jsf] km/s 5 <
ozf]bf M hlt ;'s} xf];, ;fgf] ltgf] 7]Ssfdf ;d]t p;n] PSn] vfpF eg]g afF8]/} vfof] . o; k6s klg
afF8\5 Û
;fw'/fd M afF8\5 eGb}df ult g} 5f8\g t ePg t ozf]bf, dGqfno,dGqL kl/ifbdf d]/f] s] OHht /xG5 <
ozf]bf M k};f sdfP/ zfgn] a;] kl5 of] d'n'sdf sxfFaf6 Nofof] eg]/ vf]O{ s:n] vf]Hbf] /x]5g\ . km]l/
p;sf] sfd c?nfO{ eg]/ t u/fO{ lbg' ePsf] lyof] . of] t cfkm}n] ul/lbg] xf] .
;fw'/fd M c?sfd / of] sfddf km/s 5 ozf]bf l;w} h]n hfg' k¥of] eg] Û
41

ozf]bf M clxn] ;Dd sf/jfxL eP/ klg ;j} hl/jfgf lt/]/, sf]xL w/f}6L /fv]/ lg:s], sf] h]n k/]sf] 5 <
;fw'/fd M c?n] s] u/] Tof] dnfO{ dtnj 5}g . ef]ln ;dfhdf s'g d'vn] cg'xf/ b]vfP/ lx8\g' Û
ozf]bf M -cln ems]{/_ tkfO{ xfd|f] sfd t s] ug'{ x'GYof], kl/jf/sf] t tkfO{nfO{ s] rf;f] x'GYof], cfˆgf]
dfq x]g]{ tkfO{ :jfyL{ x'g'eof], cfˆgf] eljio t o:t} eof], 5f]/f 5f]/Lsf] eljio slxn] pHofnf]
gx'g] eof] .
;fw'/fd M -ozf]bf l/;fPsf] b]v]/ 5Ss k5{_
ozf]bf M a:g'; Psn sfF6] eP/ . cfˆgf] v'§fdf pleg] eP kl5 ;jn] Ps–Ps u/]/ 5f]8]/ hfG5g=
tkfO{nfO{, gfd klg h:tf] a]xf]/f klg p:t} . g;Sbf t ;xg] 7fpF lyof] ;Sbf klg gug]{ t nf5L
/ gfdb{ dfq} x'G5g\ . ef]ln g} 3gZofdsf] sfd ePg eg] d klg af]lNbg tkfO{;+u . -cf]9\g]
l6k]/ d'v 5f]k]/ eO{ cf]5\ofgdf nDkf;f/ kl5{g_
3gZofd M -6fpsf]df xft /fv]/_ x] eujfg s;/L ;Demfpg] logLx?nfO{ Û
b[Zo &)
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M dGqLsf] sfof{no
kfq M ;fw'/fd, ;lrj, ;x–;lrj,
-;lrj dGqL;Fu c;Gtf]if kf]vL{ /fv]sf] 5_
;lrj M s;/L ldnfpg ;lsG5 xh'/ . 6]08/sf] s'/f,] csf]{ kf6L{ eGbf ;ft s/f]8 sd xfn]sf] 5 . ef]nL
xfdL ;j}nfO{ cK7\of/f] kg{ ;S5 .
;fw'/fd M s'g} hlQm lgsfNg'; a? s] ug'{ k5{ . tkfO{nfO{ klg s]xL s]xL ldnfpnf lg .
;lrj M nf]en] nfe nfen] ljnfk, of] s]z ;j}nfO{ yfxf 5 . 6]08/ vf]Nbfsf dfG5]x? 5g\ . tnsf
:6fkmx? 5g\ . pgLx? ljleGg ljrf/sf 5g\ ;fgf] ulNt x'Fbf t ;ts{tf clVtof/df lrL
xfN5g\ . of] t l;w} h]n hfg] s'/f] xf] . a? d /flhgfdf lbG5' o:tf] sfd ulb{g====== -;lrj
kmOn ToxL 5f]8]/ jflx/ hfG5g\_
;fw'/fd M
u'dfg l;+x M
;fw'/fd M
u'dfg l;+x M
;fw'/fd M
;fw'/fd M
-lrlGtt eP/ ;f]Rg yfN5g\_
-9f]sf vf]n]/ ;x–lrj u'dfg l;+x leq cfpF5g\_
sqf sqf sfd x'G5g\, of] hfjf] t s] xf] / Û
-klxn] 5Ss kl5 cg'xf/df cfzfsf nx/ km}lnG5_
To;sf nflu t d 5Fb} 5' lg dGqL Ho", -;fptL u/] h:t}_ To;sf nflu oL ;lrjnfO{ ;?jf ul/
lbg';\ dnfO{ lgldQ ;lrj agfO{ lbg'; . To; kl5 s] s] ug'{ k5{ d u5'{ . cfˆgf] l6d ldnfpg
;?jf a9'jf ;j ug'{ k5{ .
-cF u/] h:tf] 6fpsf] xNnfpF5_ 6LKk0fL eg]sf] t zAb / jfSosf] v]n dfq xf] ;/ < s'nf] / s'/f]
htf 3'dfP klg x'G5 . To;sf nflu d 5Fb} 5' lg Û xh'/ 9'Ss x'g' eP x'G5 .
-pkfo kQf nfu] h:tf] ;f]r dUg x'G5_
b[Zo &!
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M uh]Gb|sf] sfof{no sf]7f -/f=;= s]Gb|_
kfq M uh]Gb|, lxdfgL, /fd, cg'/fu
42

-pk ;lrj uh]Gb| / clws[t /fd cg'/fu kmfOnx? cWoog ub}{5g\ . 9f]sf 9ssfPsf] cfjfhn] b'j} 9f]sf
lt/ x]5{g\ ._
uh]Gb| M cfP x'G5 Û
lxdfgL M -9f]sf vf]n]/ leq cfpFb}, xftdf kmfOn 5_ ;/, lbg e/L cfPsf ph'/Lsf lni6x? 5g\ .
uh]Gb| M a;]/ ;'gfpg'; –
lxdfgL M -al:5g\_
/fd M -pT;'stf k"j{s x]5{g\_
lxdfgL M sn}ofdf Pp6f :s"ndf blntx?sf] nflu uPsf] 5fq–j[lQ /sd k|wfg cWofksn] lhNnf lzIff
sfof{nosf sd{rf/L;Fu ldn]/ 5fqa[lQ /sd lxgf ldgf u/]sf] /}Ú5 .
– ;'g;/L lhNnf ljsfz ;ldltn] cfˆgf gft]bf/nfO{ k'n d'gLaf6 afn'jf lemSg lbP/ k'n
efl;Psf] / :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] ph'/L ubf{ ;'g'jfO{ gePsf] .
– ndh'ªdf % ls=dL= ;8s sfnf] kq] ubf{ sd;n ;fdfg k|of]u u/]sf] / ;8s tLg dlxgf
leq} elTsg yfn]sf] Û
– wg'iffdf gful/stf ljt/0fdf cgfjZos x}/fgL lbO[ 3'if lbg afWo agfPsf] .
– bfªdf 3'if vfP/ df]6/ ;fOsnsf] nfO;]G; ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 .
uh]Gb| M of] ;j} ph'/Lsf] lrL agfP/ ;DalGwt lgsfodf Fax ul/lbg';\ .
lxdfgL M x'G5 ;/
uh]Gb| M ;ts{ u/fO{ ;s]sf sfof{nox?sf] report s] 5 <
lxdfgL M ag ljefusf sd{rf/Ln] /Ë]xft ;dfltPsf] af3 dfg]{ dfG5] 5f]8]/ e|i6frf/ u/]sf] ljifo kqfrf/
ubf{ s'g} 6]/ k'R5/ nfPsf] 5}g .
uh]Gb| M clg /fd hL l;FrfO{df km]l/ 58\s] ug'{ ef] .
/fd M cg'/fu hL / d km]l/ uof}+ . ToxfF xflsd g} ;sf/fTds ePsfn]n] xfn ;d:of 5}g ;/ Û
uh]Gb| M lxdfgL hL cg'/fu / /fdhLnfO{ Tof]af3 dfg]{ dfG5]sf] s]z cWoog ug{ lbg'; –
lxdfgL M x'G5 ;/ .
uh]Gb| M tkfO{x? l6d agfP/ Tof] s]zsf] z'? b]lv s} cWoog u/]/ s]z ug{ ;lsg] u/L kmfOn agfpg';\
.
/fd M x'G5 ;/========= - /fd / lxdfgL b'j} gd:sf/ u/]/ hfG5g\_
b[Zo &@
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] clkm; sf]7f –dGqfno_
kfq M ;fw'/fd M u'dfg l;+x
-;fw'/fd sf]7fdf 56k6fO{ /fv]sf] 5 . 9f]sfaf6 lgldQ ;lrj u'dfg l;+x k|j]z u5{ . ;fw'/fd em:s]/
9f]sf lt/ x]5{ . u'dfg l;Fxsf] xftdf @ j6f kmOn 5 ._
u'dfg l;Fx M ;/ Û lsg lrGtf lng' ePsf] . ca t d lgldQ ;lrj e} xfn]F . ;j s'/f] ldln;Sof] . d 5Fb} 5'
;fw'/fd M
lg . oL kmfOn alg;Sof] ;/ .
-cfˆgf] l;6df uP/ a:5_
43

u'dfg l;Fx M -;fw'/fdsf] cufl8 kmfOnx? /fVb}_ Pp6f kmfOn sd{rf/L ;?jfsf] 5 ;/ / csf]{ r} ToxL vo/
;Íngsf]÷d}n] ldnfPsf] l7s 5 ls 5}g, cWoog u/]/ ;xL u/L lbP x'G5 .
;fw'/fd M -kmfOn lnP/ kN6fpg yfN5g\_
u'dfg l;Fx M xF -d'v x]5{g\_ x'G5 hfg';\ .
u'dfg l;Fx hfG5g\_
;fw'/fd kmfOn aGb u/]/ p7]/ 56k6fpg yfN5g\ .
Monologue M s] dnfO{ of] unt sfd ug{ d]/f] g}ltstfn] lbG5 < d}n] cfh ;Dd h'g cfbz{sf] jf6f]
agfPsf] lyPF Tof] elTsP/ hfFb}g < s] dnfO{ d]/f] :jfledfgn] of] sfd ug{ lbG5===== -pgL ;f]r
dUg x'g yfN5g\ < csf]{ cfFvfdf qmdzM cfkmGtx?n] eg]sf b[Zox? gfRg yfN5g\_
F.B. : dfjnLdf 6Lsf nufpFbf dfdfn] sf7df08f}+df 3/ agf eg]sf],
oyfy{ M -k"gM ;fw'/fds]f k|ltlqmof km]l/ ;f]Rg yfN5g\_
F.B. : ;f;' ;;'/fn] eg]sf, nvgn] eg]sf], ceon] eg]sf], cg'hfn] eg]sf], ;fnLn] eg]sf] cGtdf
ozf]bfn] eg]sf b[Zox? .
oyfy{ M -;fw'/fd 56kl6b} uP/ s'l;{df a:5g\ / kmfOnx?df km6fkm6 ;xL ug{ yfN5g\ . _
;fw'/fd M -;xL ul/;s]/_ lwSsf/ xf]; dnfO{ -eGb} kmfOn lgs} k/ ;f]kmflt/ ˆofN5g\_ -/ p7\b} cfFvf klg
/;fPsf 5g\_ -cfjfh d}_ d}n] Pp6f OdfGbf/ lzIfs ;fw'/fdsf] xTof u/]sf] 5' .
b[Zo &#
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] gofF 3/
kfq M ceo, cg'hf, ozf]bf, rt'/fgGb, 3gZofd, 8«fOe/ / ef~hf –3gZofdsf] ufl8 uP/ gofF 3/sf] aflx/
?S5, kl5 kl5 df]6/;fOsndf ceo / cg'hf k'U5g\ . 3gZofd xftdf rflasf] e'mQf xNnfpFb} 9f]sf
lt/ a9\5g\ . ozf]bf / rt'/fgGb cf]ln{G5g\_
3gZofd M vf]Ng' 9f]sf / u[x k|j]z ug'{;\ === cfh} b]lv of] / tkfO{sf] eof] . -ef~hf cSsg g aSs 5g\_
-ozf]bf Ps}l5g csdlsP/ cl8lG5g\ _
ceo M s] eof] cfdf Û lsg cl8g' eof] <
ozf]bf M t]/f] af klg ;Fu} e} lbPsf] eP slt /fd|f] x'g] lyof] .
rt'/fgGb M ca k'/} ;g]{ j]nfdf ;Fu} a;]/ ?lb| nufpg' xf]nf jxfF ;Fu} a;]/ . 3/ klg kljq x'G5 .
3gZofd M -ceo / cg'hf;Fu_ ceo afa' / cg'hf gfgLsf] gfddf klg Ps Ps j6f 3/ kf; x'G5 o;}
xKtf Û
cg'hf M ;fFr} xf] cÍn <
3gZofd M cfh ;Dd d}n] af]n]sf] s'/f k'¥ofPsf] 5' .
cg'hf M -v'zL eP/ …ofÚ u5]{ . _
3gZofd M 9f]sf vf]Ng'; efph" lx8\g' leq –
-ozf]bfn] 9f]sf vf]lN5g\ ;j} leq lt/ hfG5g\ ._
44

[Zo &$
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] gofF 3/ leq
kfq M ceo, cg'hf, ozf]bf, 3gZofd, rt'/fgGb, ef~hf .
-leq b]v]/ ;j} bË x'G5g\ Û cg'hf gfRg yfN5]_
cg'hf M jfx s:tf] /fd|f],
ceo M 3/ ======= cfˆgf] 3/, xfd|L cfdfsf] 3/============
3gZofd M efph"n] cl:tg} leq x]g'{ ePsf] lyPgF s:tf] nfUof] <
ozf]bf M
leq emg o:tf] /fd|f] xf]nf eg]/ ;kgfdf klg ;f]r]sf] lyOgF Û stf stf dnfO{ t ;kgf h:tf]
nflu /fv]sf] 5 .
3gZofd M of] ;kgf x}g efph" of] ljkgf g} xf] .
cg'hf M -3gZofd;Fu rt'/fgGbnfO{ x]b}{ ._ cÍn xfd|f] ;fgf] af nfO{ s]xL klg gx'g] eof] .
rt'/fgGb M -xfF:5_ klxn] xfd|f] bfh'nfO{ v'zL kf/f}F . d t 5Fb} 5' lg Û
3gZofd M jxfF ca d]/f] x/]s gofF 7]Ssf k§fdf kf6{g/ x'g' x'g]5 . gfkmf g} afF8]/ vfpFnf x'Gg <
rt'/fgGb M Tof] d]/f nflu cxf] efUo xf] -ef~hf cem} 3/} x]b}{5g\, d"v …cFfÚ u/]/ . _
b[Zo &%
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M u'dfg l;+xsf] sfo{ sIf
kfq M u'dfg l;+x , kq jfxs .
u'dfg l;+x M - cfˆgf] cufl8sf] kmfOnsf] Pp6f sfuh lems]/ RofT5g\ / To;sf] 7fpFdf csf]{ sfuh /fv]/
kmfOn aGb u5{g\ ToxL j]nf 9f]sf af6 sf]xL leq cfPsf] cfjfhn] 9f]sf lt/ x]5{g\ . 9f]sfaf6
Pp6f kqjfxs leq cfpF5g\ / u'dfgl;+xnfO{ kq a'emfPsf] lstfj / kq lbG5g\ ._
;/ of] lrL Û
kq jfxs M
u'dfg l;+x M sxfFaf6 cfPsf] <
u'dfg l;Fx M /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb|af6 .
u'dfg l;+x M lrL clkm;nfO{ xf] ls dnfO{ xf] <
kq jfxs M
u'dfg l;+x M
kq afxs M
u'dfg l;+x M
;/ of] ;/sf] JolQmut lrL xf] Û
-u'dfg clt cK7\of/f] dfg]/ kq a'‰g] lstfjdf x:tfIf/ ub{5g\ ._
gd:sf/ ;/ -hfG5g\_
-kq vf]n]/ k9\5g\ / lv:; xfF;]/ Roft]/ /2Lsf] 6f]s/Ldf ˆofN5g\ ._
b[Zo &^
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ag sfof{no
kfq M ag xflsd, /fd, cg'/fu,
45

-ag xflsd sDKo'6/ /]s8{ x]b}{ x'G5g\ / O.V. ;/ xflsd 9f]sf lt/ x]5{g\ . /fd / cg'/fu 9f]sfdf
plePsf 5g\,
/fd M xfdL leq cfpg ;S5f}+ ======
xflsd M cfpg';\ Û
/fd M
-/fd cg'/fu cufl8 a9]/ xflsdnfO{ kl/ro kq b]vfpFb}_
;/ xfdL /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb|af6 cfPsf xf} Û
-xflsd tTsfn Jojxf/ kl/jt{g ub}{_ P Û cfpg' ;/ a;f}gF -a:g Ozf/f u5{g\_
/fd M Ifdf rfxG5f}+, xfdL a:g x}g s]xL s'/f a'‰g cfPsf
xflsd M -cln cflQP h:tf]_ s:tf] s'/f <
cg'/fu M rGbgk'/sf] hËndf lg/~hg eGg] JolQmn] af3 df/]sf] lyof] To;sf] s]z s] eof] <
xflsd M d t ev{/ ;?jf eP/ cfPsf] x'F . d eGbf klxn]sf xflsdn] ug'{ ePsf] /}Ú5 .
/fd M v} Tof] d'2fsf] kmOn lgsfNg'; <
xflsd M -8«c/af6 kmfOn lems]/ lb+b}+_ oxL xf] kmfOn d'4f klg grnfO{ dfG5] 5f]8]sf] /}Ú5 .
-/fd / cg'/fu b'j}, kmfOnsf] hfFr k/v u/]/_
cg'/fu M 7Ls 5 xflsd ;fj of] kmfOnsf] d'r'Nsf p7fpg nfpg' xf]; . xfdL of] kmfOn lnP/ hfG5f}+ .
-xflsdn] 306L ahfpF5g\ b'j} 9f]sf lt/ x]5{g\_
b[Zo &&
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M uh]Gb|sf] sfo{ sIf -/f=;= s]Gb|_
kfq M uh]Gb|, lxdfgL, /fd, cg'/fu
-lxdfgL xftdf ph'/Lsf] lni6 lnP/, uh]Gb|;/sf] sf]7fdf k|j]z ul5{g\ ._
lxdfgL M gd:sf/ ;/,
uh]Gb| M -kmfOnaf6 cfFvf x6fP/_ gd:sf/
lxdfgL M
uh]Gb| M s] s] 5 xF <
lxdfgL M
;/, ag dGqfno cGtu{tsf lgsfox?df Jofks e|i6frf/ / clgoldttf ePsf] @ j6f ph'/L
cfPsf] 5 .
Pp6f clgoldt tl/sfn] Jofkfs ?kn] sd{rf/Lx?nsf] ;?jf a9'jf ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;j}
e|i6frf/sf] 9fs 5f]k ug]{ p2]Zon] u/]sf] eGg] 5 .
uh]Gb| M bf];|f] <
lxdfgL M vo/ ;Íngsf] 6]08/df h'g kf6L{n] & s/f]8 a9L /fh:j lbg] saf]n u/]sf] 5 p;sf] 6]08/
:jLs[t gu/L & s/f]8 sd /fh:j p7\g bf];|f] kf6L{sf] 6]08/ :jLs[t ul/Psf] 5 .
uh]Gb| M
cf] xf] ;ft ;ft s/f]8sf] /fh:j 5Ng] u/L ul/Psf] lg0f{o < -of] t Jofkfs e|i6frf/
eof]================ -o:t}df /fdsf] xftdf kmfOn ;lxt cg'/fu klg sf]7fdf k|j]z u5{g\_
/fd / cg'/fu, gd:sf/ ;/
uh]Gb| M gd:sf/===
/fd M ;/ xfdLn] af3df/f dfG5]sf] kmfOn lnP/ cfPsf 5f}F .
46

cg'/fu M 7"nf j8f s} 5f]/f] /}Ú5========= / kf]
uh]Gb| M xfd|f nflu ;j} ;dfg 5g\ . oxfF Tof] eGbf 7"nf] e|i6frf/sf] ph'/L k/]sf] 5 .
/fd M sxfF ;/ <
uh]Gb| M ag dGqfno,
cg'/fu M ;/, ToxfF t xfdLn] af/Daf/ ;ts{ u/fPsf 5f}F . t/ 6]/–k'R5/} nfpFb}gg\ .
uh]Gb| M af/Daf/ ;r]t u/fpFbf klg j]jf:tf ePs} xf] eg] / lbg k|ltlbg e|i6frf/sf] ph'/L klg
cfO{/x]sf] 5 eg] t t'?Gt 5fgljg ug'{xf];\ . clVtof/nfO{ xfdLn] l;kmfl/; ug'{ eGbf cufl8
/]zf–/]zf s]nfP/ kmfOn tof/ ug'{xf];\ .
b[Zo &*
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M ;8s
kfq M gL/h,
-df]6/ ;fOsndf ;fw'/fdsf] gofF 3/ cufl8 cfP/ /f]lsG5 / vlNtaf6 df]afOn lems]/ kmf]g ug{
yfN5 ._
b[Zo &(
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M Kof;]h x'Fb] a}7s
kfq M cg'hf,
-cg'hf df]afOndf 306L, lems]/ s'/f ub}{ a9\5] p cw{gUg cj:yfsf] n'udf 5] .
cg'hf M -df]afOndf s'/f ub}{_ sqf] j]/ e} ;Sof] kv]{sf] d emb}{ 5' kv{========== -a}7sdf k'U5]_
b[Zo *)
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'sf] gofF a}7s
kfq M ozf]bf, cg'hfm cGo #÷$ cfOdfOx?
-a}7sdf ozf]bf df]8{g 8«];df cGo dlxnfx?;Fu tf; v]n]/ al; /x]sL 5] .
cg'hf M dDdL ============================= -ozf]bf nufot c? cg'hfnfO{ x]55{g\_
cg'hf M d gu/sf]6 hfg nfUof ef]ln dfq} cfpF5' .
ozf]bf M sf] ;Fu hfg nfu]sf] <
cg'hf M gL/h;Fu
ozf]bf M cfˆgf] Vofn /fVg', ltdLn] lbPsf] arg ;Demgf 5 <
cg'hf M 5 dDdL======
ozf]bf M 7Ls 5 hfp ======== -cg'hf uPkl5 _ cfhsfnsf s]6fs]6L cfˆgf] dg v'zL u5{g\ .
47

[Zo *!
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'sf] gofF 3/sf] sDkfp08 ;8s
kfq M gL/h, cg'hf, rt'/fgGb, dfdf, ;f;', ;;'/f, kfj{tL, ef~hf, nvg,
b'O6f 6\ofS;L cfP/, gL/hsf] df]6/;fOsn 5]p /f]lsG5 . cg'hf uP/ df]6/;fOsndf r9\5] . gL/hn]
df]6/ ;fOsn nfG5 . 6\ofS;Laf6} ;f;'n] cg'hfnfO{ df]6/;fOsndf a;]sf] b]lV5g\ .
;f;' M -6\ofS;L leq} rt'/fgGbnfO{ ;f]lW5g\_ HjfO ;fÚj Tof] e6e6]df a:g] cg'hf x}g <
rt'/fgGb M xf] cfdf Û -cf]ln{b} u5{_ -df]=;f= hfG5_
;f;' M -cf]n{b}_ l5===l5======= s:tf n'uf nufPsL To:n] Û afp cfdf s]xL eGbf /}Úg 5g\ .
rt'/fgGb M xh'/x?nfO{ gf}nf] nfu]sf] dfq} xf] cfdf oxfF ;j} To:t} x'G5g\, ;fwf/0f dflgG5 Û
;f;' M clg Tof] s]6f r} sf] xf] lg M -c? ;j}nfO{ 6\ofS;L efF8f lt/]/ ef~hfn] sDkfp08 leq nfb}+5g\_
rt'/fgGb M p;};Fu k9\g s]6f ;fyL+==================
;f;' M -lha|f] 6f]Sb}_ oxfFsf] rng a'‰g ufx|f] /}Ú5 -;j}hgf sDkfp08df k'U5g\_
b[Zo *@
;do M lbpF;f]÷
:yfg M ;fw'sf] gofF 3/sf] sDkfp08
kfq M rt'/fggb, dfdf, ;f;', ef~hf, ;;'/f, kfj{tL, nvg
-;j}hgf sDkfp08df k'u]kl5_
ef~hf M n= oxL xf] xfd|f] dfdfsf] gofF 3/ .
nvg M /fd /fd==================== sqf] 3/ . ufpFsf] geP klg cfˆgf] r} u/]5 ;fw'/fdn] .
ef~hf M htf eP klg k|ult eP e} uf] lgÚ v} s'/f a'em]sf] <
-k'gM ;j}hgf 3/ x]b}{ 3/ leq l55{g\_
b[io *#
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'sf] gofF 3/ leq
kfq M rt'/fgGb, dfdf, ;f;', ;;'/f, ef~hf, nvg, kfj{tL
-3/sf] leqL efu klg x]b}{ 5g\ ;j} hgf_
;f;' M 7"nf HjfOn] 3/ r} 7"n}+ lng' eP5 Û ====== clg 3/df r} sf]xL klg 5}g ls Sof xf] <
b[Zo *$
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'sf] gofF 3/sf] a}7s
kfq M ozf]bf, #÷$ hgf dlxnf== ;f;'
48

-ozf]bfx? tf; v]Nb}5g\_
ozf]bf M -tf; af8\b}_ P lgd{nf================ Sofl;gf] hfg] eg]sf] x}g < dnfO{ t ;'Gb} hfpF hfpF nflu
;Sof] ======
lgd{nf M Sofl;gf] hfg yf]/ yf/ k};f lnP/ slt j]/ v]Ng' Û cln 8Ss lnP/ hfg kfP kf] Û
ozf]bf M $)÷%) xhf/n] k'Ub}g <
k'ikf M d]/f a'9f klg -tf; ldnfpFb}+_ tkfO{s} a'9fsf dGqfno cGt/ut 5g\ . cln cfDbfgL x'g] 7fpFdf
;?jf u/fOlbg':g . $÷% nfv t d} klg a'emfpFnf ============
-o;} a]nf ozf]bfsf] df]afOn aH5 p7fP/ s'/f ub}{_ xnf] sf] < cf] glGbtf, xfp cf/ o" <
lj cf/ Kn]Oª u]d, o", g6 sldª - af]Nbf af]Nb} p;sf] cfFvf 9f]sfdf pleO{ /fv]sL cfˆgL
cfdfdf k5{ . cfdf -;f;'_ l/; / cfZro{n] x]l//x]sL l5g\ . ozf]bfsf] jfSo aGb x'G5, p 8/n]
df]afOn aGb u5]{======= . cfdfsf] P.O.V. tf;========= / cGo P:6«] r'/f]6 km]l/
ozf]bfnfO{================
b[Zo *%
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] 3/sf] leqL efu
kfq M ceo, /fwf, xh'/ cfdf-;f;'_ xh'/ af -;;'/f_ ozf]bf -ozf]bf cfdf a'afnfO{ kmnkm"n sf6]/ v'jfFpFb} l5g\
. sf]xL cfPsf] cfef;n] ;j} 9f]sf lt/ x]5{g\_ 9f]sfdf ceo /fwfnfO{ cFufnf] xfn]/ leq l55{ . Tof] b]v]/
xh'/ cfdf h'?Ss p7\l5g\_
xh'/ cfdf M sxfF uPsf] lyO; tF <
ceo M xh'/ cfdfx?, cfpg' ePsf] /}Ú5 . xfdL kf]v/f 3'd]/ cfpsf] xh'/ cfdf Û
xh'/ cfdf M -cufl8 a9\b}_ slt lbg eof] yfxf 5 <
ceo M tLg lbg t eof] lg -eGb} tls{b} cfˆgf] sf]7f lt/ a9\g vf]H5_
xh'/ cfdf M -ceonfO{ ;dfP/ Ps emfk8 xflG5g\ . ;j} hgf 5Ss k5{g\ _. -/fwf r} l/;fpF5]_
xh'/ cfdf M ;+:sf/ r} ufpFd} 5f]8]/ cfO;\ . cfkm" eGbf 7"nfnfO{ gd:sf/ ug{ klg ljl;{;\ <
-;j}df em6\sf ljz]if u/]/ ozf]bfdf

a'l4=========. -ozf]bf d'G6f] lgx'F/fpF5] ._
xh'/ cfdf M 5f]/f] cs}{sL 5f]/L;Fu /ft ljtfpF5, 5f]/L cs}{sf] 5f]/f;Fu /ft ljtfpF5] s]xL dtnj 5}g\ .
-xh'/afnfO{ s] af]n'F s] af]n'F e} /xG5 ._
xh/ cfdf M
xh'/a'af M
olt rfF8} cfˆgf] e"O{ glj;{, w]/} pDNof] eg] kf]lvG5_
b]z cg';f/sf] e]if skfn u'gfsf] s]z, oxfF o:t} rng 5 eg] x'g b] g t ,t]/f] 6fpsf] lsg
b'Mv]sf] <
xh'/ cfdf M lsg b'Vb}g < Pp6L cfdfnfO{ cfˆg} ;Gtfgsf] dlt lju|]sf] b]v]/ 6fpsf] b'Vt}g < logLx?nfO{
bzf nflu ;s]sf] 5 .
ozf]bf M s] bzf nfusf] 5 cfdf <
xh'/ cfdf M 5/ l5d]s ;dfh ;jnfO{ kf]n]/ vfO{ ;Sof] ltdLx?n], cem s] bzf nfUof] eG5\of} < t]/} ceosf]
hGdlbgdf e|i6«frf/Lsf] 3/df ef]h et]/ alx:sf/ eg]/ t'n 6fFu]/ /fv]sf] lyof] /]Ú <
-ozf]bfnfO{ em6\sf nfU5 ._
xh'/ cfdf M slt gfd sdfP5g\ 5f]/L HjfO{n], gltgfltgfsf] tfn b]lv xfNg' ef] Û d t lg:;fl; ;s]+ of]
ozf]bf M
3/df .
l;bf ;fbf / OdfGbf/ eP/ lx8\bf xfdLn] ef]u]sf] ckdfg t tkfO{n] sxfF b]Vg' ef] < oxfFsf]
;dfh h:tf] 5 xfdLn] klg To;/L g} rNg] k|of; u/]sf xf}+===== -e"te"ltb} hflG5g\_
xh'/ af M t}n] eg]sf] 7Ls logLx? l;df eGbf jflx/ k'lu;s] .
b[Zo *^
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ceosf] sf]7f
kfq M ceo, /fwf
-/fwf ceo;Fu u'gf;f] ub}{5]_
/fwf M xh'/ cfdf eGb}df x'G5 < dfg ;Ddfg jxfFx?sf] dfq} 5 . c? sf]xL ePsf] eP huN6f n'l5
lbGy] .
ceo M xQ]/L r'knfu g - jxfFx? sxfFaf6 cfOk'Ug' eP5 _ b'O{ rf/ lbgdf t u} xfNg' x'G5 lg .
/fwf M o:tf kfunx?nfO{ s] a:g lbPsf] ltd|f] 8\ofl8 dDdLn] Û
ceo M P afaf ufpFaf6 cfpg' ePsf] jxfFx?sf] ;f]r / xfd|f] tl/sf km/s t e} xfN5gL lsg aDsL
/fVg' k/]sf] <
/fwf M ufpFs} dfG5] klg slt ;Hhg x'G5g\ . o:tf kfv] t sf]xL gx'g\ .
ceo M P /fwf 8G6 dfOG8 cf]=s]= . d}n] klg t 9f]s e]6 ubf{ x'GYof] . ;~rf] lj;~rf] ;f]w]sf] eP x'GYof]
Û
/fwf M o:tf lkt[x?nfO{ t kz'kltsf] j[4f>ddf nu]/ 5f]8 b]pg . emu8} x'Fb}g .
50

[Zo *&
;do M /flt÷jflx/
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] 3/sf] 5t
kfq M ;fw'/fd, nvg, ef~hf
-b'lgofFsf] efubf}8af6 ylst ;fw'/fd /flt nvg ;Fu a;]/ /S;L vfFb}5 / dgsf] ax klg kf]Vt} 5 .
ef~hfnfO{ lgGb|f nfu] h:tf] b]lvG5 . _
;fw'/fd M ef~hf afa' tkfO{ vfg' klg x'Gg a? hfg'; tn}, vfgf kfls;s]sf] eP vfP/ ;'Tg';\ .
;fw'/fd M dffdfn] r} clxn] 7\ofSs} s'/f] a‰g' ef] . oqf] lbg e} ;Sof] ga'em]/ sxfF x'G5 .
;fw'/fd M xfdL aRrf b]lvsf], nvg / d, xfdL s]xL v'n]/ s'/f u5f}{+ .
ef~hf M dfdf d}n] klg s'/f] a'em] d u} xfN5' . -eGb} p7]/ hfG5g\_
;fw'/fd M a'lem; nvg
nvg M a'em]F dGqLHo",
;fw'/fd M dnfO{ dGqL geGg of/, tF t d]/f] nuf}F6Lof ldq xf]; . d t]/f] afNosfnsf] ;fyL x}g < d t]/f]
;fw'/fd x'F dfq ;fw'/fd .
nvg M t/ tF t dGqL e} ;ls; <
;fw'/fd M dGqL eP/ s] ef] Û x'g t d ;fw'/fd g} x'F . dnfO{ ;fw'/fd elg; eg] ufpFd} 5' ls h:tf]
nfuf];\ .
nvg M ;fw'/fd t}n] 7"nf] k|ult ul/;\, sxfFaf6 sxfF k'lu;\ Û
;fw'/fd M d ToxLF sf] ToxLF 5'F Û d hxfFsf] ToxLF 5' . dfG5]n] h] u/] klg hlt u/] klg ;fFRr} lgofn]/ x]g]{
xf] eg] p ToxLFsf] ToxLF x'G5 .
nvg M -;fw'/fdnfO{ dfofn] x]5{ ._
;f'w/fd M ;fw'/fd ufpFdf x'Fbf, dbf{ kbf{ cfkm" hfGYof] h:nfO{ h] sfd k/] klg ;xof]u uYof]{Ú, dgdf Ps
lsl;dsf] ;Gtf]if x'GYof] . df:6/L uy]{ w]/} lsl;dsf ljBfyL{x?sf] cg'xf/ k9\y] a8f] /dfOnf]
nfUYof] .
nvg M clxn] tF v'zL 5}g;\ ;fw'/fd <
;fw'/fd M
nvg M
;fw'/fd M
cxF clxn] d v'zL 5}g, d}n] d]/f] Odfg hdfg g}ltstf cfbz{ l;4fGt hf] d]/f] cfˆgf] eGg] lyof]
. Tof] ;j} s'/f d}n] kl/jf/sf] gSsnL ;'vsf] nflu k};f;Fu ;f6]F 3g ;DklQ ;Fu ;f6]F .
dgd} ;Gtfif 5}g eg] t hlt sdfP klg s] sfd nfUof] Û
xf] dgd} ;Gtf]if 5}g . d]/f cufl8 cfpg] x/]s dfG5] s'g} g s'g} :jfy{ lnP/ cfPsf] x'G5 . tF
jfx]s, t]/f] cg'xf/df s'g} :jfy{ 5}g . -/'G5 klg_ tF d]/f] b'Mv ;'vsf] ;fyLxf]; nvg,tF ;Fu s]
n'sfpg' <
nvg M -5Ss k5{, ;fw'/fdnfO{ ;'d;'DofpF5_ ?g r} g/f] ;fw'/fd=========
;fw'/fd M ?g b] nvg /f]P/ d dgsf] ;j} don kvfNg rfxG5' .
nvg M -bofn] x]5{_
;fw/fd M lxhf] ;Dd :jf:gL 5f]/f 5f]/L 3/d} /dfpFy] 3/ leq ;+:sf/ lyof] . cfh t[i0ff a9]sf] 5, 3/sf]
cfgGbn] s;}nfO{ 5'Fb}g . u/Lj eP klg ;dfhdf OHht lyof] dfof k|]d lyof] t/ cfh d ;Fu
s]xL 5}gF . g 3/ 5 g kl/jf/ 5 g ;dfh 5 . d PSnf] ePsf] 5' lgtfGt PSnf] .
nvg M
clxn] t tF ;Fu d 5' lg ;fw'/fd, t PSnf] 5}g;\=====
51

;fw' M
nvg M
xf] tF d sxfF cfO; Hofb} v'zL nfUof] @÷$ lbg a; d t]/f] klg s]xL g s]xL Joj:yf
ul/lbpFnf . d}n] ug{ ;Sg] Tolt xf] -eGb} 9lNsG5 lgbfpF5_
dfG5]n] hlt ;'s} wg ;DklQ sdfP klg ;'v lsGg ;Qm}g eg]sf] oxL xf] . ;fw'/fd, s7} tF t
;fx|} u/Lj / lgl/x eO5;\ .
b[Zo **
;do M /flt÷jflx/
:yfg M uh]Gb|sf] sfo{ sIf -/f=;= s]Gb|_
kfq M uh]Gb|, lxdfgL, /fd, cg'/fu / cGo
-/fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb|df ldl6Ë eO{/fv]sf] 5 ._
/fd M af3 df/]sf] /Ë]xft ks8fp k/]s]f dfG5] 5'6fpg %)÷^) nfv vr{ ePsf] cg'dfg 5 . 5'6fpg]
sfd dGqL / ljefuLo k|d'vaf6 ePsf] 5 . ;dfltPsf] dfG5] ljgf sf/jfxL 5f]l8Psf] 5 . d
cg';Gwfg ub}{ 5' . ;j't k|df0f k"0f{ eP kl5 s]z t}of/ u5'{ ;/ .
uh]Gb| M l9nf] eP ;j't k|df0f d]l6g] 8/ x'G5 To;}n] Tof] sfd l56f] ug'{;\ . cg'/fu hL tkfO{sf] l/kf]6{ Û
cg'/fu M
vo/ ;Íng 6]08/df & s/f]8 /fh:j 5n]sf] tYo k]mnf k/]sf] 5 . ;ft s/f]8 /fhZj lbg]
kf6L{sf] 6]08/df n8] k8]sf] afx]s cGo eGg] zAbnfO{ sf/0f agfO{ hËn gf]S;fg x'g] cfzÍf
pTkGg u/fO{ & s/f]8 sd /fhZj lbg]sf] 6]08/ :jLs[t ul/Psf] 5 . t/ clxn] lnPsf] kf6L{n]
klg hËnsf n8] k8]sf jfx]s cGo vo/ ;Íng u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 cyf{t\ h;n] 6]08/ kf¥of]
p;n] klg clgoldt tl/sfn] vo/ ;Îng ub}{5 .
uh]Gb| M Toqf] /fhZj 5lng] s]zdf ;lrj Ho"n] s;/L x:tfIf/ ug'{ eP5 <
cg'/fu M ;lrj Ho"n] gdfg] kl5 jxfFnfO{ ;?jf u/]/ csf]{ ;x–;lrjnfO{ lgldQ agfP/ sfd u/fOPsf]
/x]5 . To;sf x/]s clgoldotfsf k|df0f ;Íng eO{ /fv]sf] 5.
uh]Gb| M
lxdfgL M
lxdfgL hL====
e|i6frf/ ug{ cfˆgf] Rofgn ldnfpg sd{rf/Lx?sf] klg Jofks ;?jf a9'jf ul/Psf] 5 To;sf]
tYo ;Íng x'Fb}5 .
uh]Gb| M l7s 5 tkfO{x? cfkm" cfˆgf] st{Jo kydf cl8u eP/ sfd ug'{;\ ;kmntf glhs} 5 .
/fd M s]xL ;"rgf klqsf dfkm{t\ klg ;Íng x'Fb}5 ;/ Û
b[Zo *(
;do M /flt÷jflx/
:yfg M ;8s
kfq M klqsf a]Rg] xs/ hf]8 hf]8n] s/fpFb} klqsf a]Rb} lxF8\b}5 ._
xs/ M
clgoldttf t e|i6frf/sf] k/fsfi6f vo/ ;Íng 6]08/df Jofks e«i6frf/, nf} lng'xf]; xh'/
cfhsf] tfhf vj/======= -Ps hgfn] klqsf lsG5 . -lbP/ bf]l8b}+_
af3 dfg]{ dfG5] ljgf sf/jfxL 5f]l8of] hËn dGqLn] hËn dfq x}g af3 klg vfP . nf} lng';
tfhf tfhf va/======== -af6f] lx8\b} u/]sf] rt'/fgGbn] klg xs/nfO{ /f]s]/ klqsf lsG5 .
52

[Zo ()
;do M lbpF;f]
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] sfo{ sIf -dGqfno_
kfq M ;fw'/fd, u'dfg l;+x <
-;fw'/fd, u'dfg l;+x ;Fu klqsfdf 5flkPsf] ljifodf s'/f ub}{5g\_
;fw'/fd M s] xf] ;lrj Ho" < o:tf] s'/f s;/L k]k/df 5flkof] s;/L lns eof] <
u'dfg l;+x M dGqL Ho", tkfO{+ lsg 8/fpg' x'G5

u'dfg l;+x M
cg'/fu M
l7s 5 ;ts{tf s]Gb|nfO{ klg xfdL dfly zÍf 5 eg] kmfOn lng ;Sg' x'G5 . =-kq lnP/ tf]s
nfpFb}_ Pp6f k|zf;g / Pp6f n]vfdf xf]nfg\ /fd|/L d'r'Nsf p7fP/ nfg' xf]nf . -lrL lkmtf{
lbG5g\ ._
wGojfb ;/ . -lrL lnP/ cg'/fu hfG5g\ ._
b[Zo (@
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M ufpFsf] rf}tf/f]
kfq M /fd, dfg a=, a'9f, cGo ufpFn]x?
-/fd ufpF uP/ dGqL ;fw'/fdsf] ljifodf ;f]wk'5 ub}{5g\ . ufpFn]x? atfpFb} 5g\_
/fd M ;fw'/fd hLn] t dGqL eP kl5 zx/df klg 7"n–7"nf 3/ lsGg' ePsf] 5 . otf ufpFlt/ r} lsGg'
ePg 5 <
dfg a= M lsg glsGg' < cs't ;DklQ hf]8]sf] 5 .
/fd M slt hf]8]sf] 5 xF <
dfg a= M Tof] kfgL cfpg] d'xfgsf] j/Lk/Lsf] !)) /f]kgL hUuf :jf:gLsf] gfddf lsg]sf] 5 .
/fd M Tof] t jxfFsf] k"Vof}{nL hUuf x}g / <
dfg a= M sxfF x'g' . k"Vof}{nL hUuf t To} 3/ ePsf] 7fpFsf] krf; /f]kgL hUuf t xf] lg .
a'9f M sf7df08f}+df klg :jf:gL 5f]/f 5f]/Lsf] gfddf hUuf lsg]sf] 5 /] eGg] ;'g]sf] xf] Û
dfg a= sxfF hUuf dfq} x'g', 3/} lsg] \sf] 5 /] .
a'9f M #÷$ dlxgf ;Fu} a;]sf ef~hfn] t !) /f]kgL hUuf lsg]/ uPsf 5g\ .
/fd M /fw'/fd t klxn] ;Hhg x'g'x'GYof] …/]Ú
dfg a= M ;fx|} ;Hhg, ;f]emf] dfG5] t/ s] ug'{ xfd|f b]zsf g]tfx?sf] s] u/L dlt ljlu|G5–ljlu|G5 .
a'9f M dGqL eP kl5 ;j}sf] dlt ljlu|bf] /}Ú5 Sof/]
dfg a= M ltgsf tL ;f9'F efO 5g\ gL rt'/fgGb, ltgsf] t /fO{ bfO{ 5 oxfF Û
/fd M s;/L
a'9f M rf/ cf]6f 7"nf a; lsg]/ rnfO/fv]sf 5g\ .
/fd M P===========
dfg a= M dfnkf]t sfof{nodf uof] eg] t s; s;n] slt slt hUuf lsg]5g\ yfxf e} xfN5 lg .
/fd M cF To;} ug'{ knf{ Û
b[Zo (#
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M dfnkf]t sfof{no, sf7df08f}+
kfq M lxdfgL sf7df08f}sf] dfnkf]t sfof{nodf l5l5{g\_
54

[io ($
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M dfnkf]t sfof{no -/]s8{ x]g]{ sf]7f_
kfq M lxdfgL, dfnkf]t sfof{nosf sd{rf/L
-lxdfgL dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] /]s8{ zfvfdf uP/ cfˆgf] kl/ro kq b]vfpFl5g\_
lxdfgL M of] d]/f] kl/ro kq ======= /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb|af6 cfPsL================ s[kof dnfO{ oL
dfG5]x?sf] gfddf sf7df08f}+df hUuf 5 5}g . 5 eg] slt 5 ljj/0f lbg':g .
sd{rf/L M a:b} ug'{; d x]l/lbG5' . -eg]/ sDKo'6/df gfd 6\ofnL ug{ yfN5g\_
lxdfgL Ps} l5g To;} a;]/ s'b}{l5g\ .
b[Zo (%
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M cg'/fusf] sfo{ sIf -/f=;= s]Gb|_
kfq M cg'/fu
-cg'/fu sfof{nodf a;]/ kmfOnx? kN6fpFb} 8fo/L KjfOG6 gf]6 ub}{ u5{ .
b[Zo (^
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M dfnkf]t sfof{no -/]s8{ x]g]{ sf]7f_
kfq M lxdfgL, dfnkf]t sfof{nosf sd{rf/L gfd 6\ofnL u/L ;s]/ tkfO{n] lbPsf ;j}sf] gfddf 3/ ;lxtsf
hUuf 5g\======= logLx?sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f lng';\ -lbG5_
lxdfgL M wGojfb==== d hfG5' -lxF8\5]_
b[Zo (&
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] sfo{ sIf
kfq M ;fw'/fd, u'dfg l;+x
-;fw'/fd ;f]rdUg eP/ sf]7fdf 56\k6fO{ /fv]sf] 5 . u'dfg l;+x sf]7fdf k|j]z u5{ . ;fw'/fd kms]{/ x]5{
em:s]/ ._
u'dfg l;+x M ;/n] dnfO{ af]nfpg' ePsf] xf] <
;fw'/fd M xf] Û
u'dfg l;+x M lsg ;/ Û
;fw'/fd M s] s] x'Fb}5 eg]/ <
u'dfg l;+x M /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb|n] ;fx|} uf]Ko ul/sfn] 5fgljg ub}{5 st}af6 klg va/ kfpg ;lsPg . t/
8/fpg' kb}{g xh'/ d 5Fb}5' lg Û
;fw'/fd M /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb|sf df]G5]x? 5fgljg ug{ ufpF ;d]t k'u]sf lyP /] eg]/ vj/ cfPsf] lyof] .
55

u'dfg l;+x M s:tf s:tf s]zx? t o;} ufoj eP . xfd|f] t 5]s g 5Gbsf] 5 . d k|of; ub}{ 5' . xh'/
lgw{Ss eP x'G5 . Tof] s]z e/;s ToxLF ;fkm u/fpF5' . d 5Fb}5' lg xh'/ Û
;fw'/fd M d}n] tkfO{nfO{ jf:tjdf af]nfPsf] r} d ufpF hfb} 5' eGgnfO{ .
u'dfg l;+x M lsg ;/ <
;fw'/fd M ToxfF d]/f] r'gfj If]qdf Pp6f :s"nsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmd 5 . otf rª\v eP/ x]/ ljrf/ ub}{
ug'{ xf]nf <
u'dfg l;+x M x'G5 ;/ .
b[Zo (*
;do M /flt÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] 8folgª
kfq M ozf]bf, kfj{tL, nvg, rt'/fgGb, ;;'/f, ;f;', ef~hf . ;j}hgf 6]an jl/kl/ vfgf vfg a;]sf 5g\ .
ozf]bf ;j}nfO{ vfgf kl:sb} l5g\ . ef~hf ;3fpFb} 5g\ .
ozf]bf M kl:s ;s]sfn] t vfFb} ubf{ x'Fb}g <
kfj{tL M x'G5 xf]nf Û eGb} Ps efu rt'/fgGblt/ a9fpF5 Û
;f;' M tnfO{ lsg xtf/ ug'{ k¥of], klxn] HjfOF ;fjnfO{ cfpg b] g
ozf]bf M jxfF cfO{ xfNg' x'G5 gL n'uf km]/]/ cfpg' x'G5 .
;;'/f M To} klg t ;a} cfO ;s]k5L ;'? ubf{ x'G5 .
ef~hf M qxfF klg t HjfO g} xf] lg ======= v} s' /f a'em]sf] <
rt'/fgGb M x}g bfO cfPkl5 z'? ug]{ Û -kfj{tLnfO{_ o;nfO{ xtf/ nfu]sf lg ==============
oxL j]nf ;fw'/fd cfO{ k'U5g\ . ;fw'/fd a:g] 5]pdf c?n] 7fpF agfpF5g\ .
;fw'/fd M -a:t}_ v} ceo cg'hf cfh klg 3/df 5}gg\ .
ozf]bf M 5}gg\ . ;fyL sxfF hfg] eG5g\ stf hfG5g stf .
;fw'/fd M
-xf:t}_ 5f8f ufO{ a:t'sf] uf]7 h:tf] eof] xfd|f] Û 3/ cf]t nfUg dg nfu] a:of] x}g eg] 5f]8]/
lx8\of] Û -of] ljrdf ozf]bfn] vfgf nufO{ ;lS5g\_
ozf]bf M cj t ;j}n] z'? u/] x'G5 xf]nf ==
;;'/f M cF x'G5 - c? klg vfG5g _
;f;' s]6f s]6L b'j} nfk/jfxL ePsf 5g\ j]n'sf t 3/ cfpg' k5{ .
;fw'/fd M cj of] 3/ 3/ sxfF /x\of] / cfdf, of] t s'g} df]6/ af6f] k'lu;s]kl5sf] tLy{ :ynsf] ljr
af6f]sf] wd{zfnf h:tf] 3/ xf] . hxfF dfG5] cfSsn em'Ssn dfq af; a:g k'U5g\ .
ozf]bf M -sf] k|ltlqmof_
nvg M -bofn' efjn] ;fw'/fdnfO{ x]5{_
;fw'/fd M ozf]bf d ef]ln ufpF hfFb}5' . rg]6f|df :s"nsf] pb\3f6g 5 nvg klg lxF8 d ;Fu Û
nvg M x'G5 /fd|f] s'/f xf] . dGqLHo" -;fw'/fd cfFvf p7fP/ x]5{_ -nvg ;DxflnG5 /_ tF ufpF gkms]{sf]
w]/} e} ;Sof] hgtf plQs} l/;fPsf xf]nfg sfo{stf{ t emg ufpFn]nfO{ hjfkm lbFbf lbFbf yfs]
xf]nfg\ .
56

[Zo ((
;do M /flt÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/dsf] ;'Tg] sf]7f
kfq M ;fw'/fd, ozf]bf
-ozf]bf cfˆgf u/ uxgf vf]n]/ 8«l;ª 6]jndf /flV5g\ s]z vf]lN5g / ;fw'/fd lt/ x]l5{g\_ ;fw'/fd
pQfgf] k/]/ lrlGtt j]8df ;'tL /fv]sf 5g\ . _
ozf]bf M -p7]/ j]8df hfFb}_ ;Grf] ePg ls Sof xf] <
;fw'/fd M x}g====== un]sf] 5' . rg]/fdf dfG5]x?n] cfqmf]z kf] kf]Vg] x'g ls <
ozf]bf M kf]Vt} lyP . agsf] af3n] vfcf]; ls g vfcf]; xh'/nfO{ t dg}sf] af3n] vfg] ef] Û ;'Tg'; cj
-cFufnf] xfn]/ alQ lgefO{ lbg';\ -alQ lgE5_
b[Zo !))
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M rg]6f …:s"nÚ
kfq M ;fw'/fd, nvg, cGo ufpFn]x?, Zofd, s[i0f, lbndfof la=s=
:s'nsf] k|fË0fdf s'l;{ 6]jnx? /flvPsf] 5 ufpFsf b'O{ rf/ hgf eb| enfb\dLx? ;Fu}
;fw'/fd clj/ dfnf nufP/ s'l;{df a;]sf 5g\ eg] cuf8L dlxnf ;Hhg j[Gbx? sf]xL a]~rdf sf]xL
pleP/ a;]sf 5g\ . ;fw'/fdx? a;]sf] k5fl8 Pp6f Jofg/ n]v]/ /fv]sf] 5 . l/jg 6fFluPsf] 5 .
;xsf/L ;+:yf åf/f lgld{t
rg]6f dfWolds ljBfnosf]
pb\3f6g sfo{qmd
rg]6f
Pshgf -lji0f'_ M -lsl:tdf /fv]sf s}rL lnb}+_ cj dGqL >L ;fw'/fdhLnfO{ of] l/jg sf6]/ :s"nsf] ljlwjt
pb\3f6g u/L lbg' x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .
;fw'/fd M -p7]/ s}+rL ln+b} l/jg sf6\g nfu]sf dfq x'G5g\ -k5fl8af6 7"nf] cfjfh cfpF5 O.V. kVg'; Û
;fw'/fd / cGo Tot} x]5{g\ . Ps o'js xft p7fP/ s]xL eGb}5g\ .
o'js Zofd M o:tf e|i6 dGqLaf6 o:tf] kljq ljBfnosf] pb\3f6g x'g lbb}gf}F .
o'js s[i0f M xf] xfdL pb\3f6g sfo{qmd jlx:sf/ u5f}{ Û
;fw'/fd M lsg <
o'js M tkfO{nfO{ of] :s"n pb\3f6g ug]{ s'g} clwsf/ 5}g .
o'js s[i0f M
tkfO{nfO{ xfdLn] Hofgsf] afhL nufP/ sqf] cf:yf / ljZjf;sf ;fy k|ltlglw agfP/ k7fPsf
lyof}F . -ufpFn]x?nfO{ s] ug]{ s] ug]{ x'G5_
Zofd M tkfO{n] cfˆgf] r'gfj If]q dfq x}g cfˆg} hGdynf] hgtf 5 / sfo{stf{sf] ckdfg ug'{ eof]
xfd|f] 7fpFsf] nflu s]xL ug'{ ePg .
57

s[i0f M oL x]g'{;\ -klqsf lems]/ b]vfpFb}_ tkfO{sf] Ps Ps e|i6frf/ Ps Ps s/t't of] klqsfdf
5flkPsf] 5 . -ufpFn]x? 5Ss k/]/ x]5{g_
Zofd M ufpFn] bfh'efOx? o:tf] e|i6 dfG5]sf] xftaf6 xfd|f] :s"nsf] pb\3f6g x'g lbg' x'Fb}g .
s[i0f M jxfFn] xfd|f] nflu t s]xL ug{ ;Sg' ePg pN6f] of] 7fpFsf] OHht ˆofNg' eof] .
Zofd M of] :s"n ;/sf/L x}g To;}n] xfdLnfO{ ;/sf/L dfG5] rflxb}g, dGqL klg rflxb}+g .
s[i0f M of] xfd|f] d]xgt / kl;gfsf] k|ltkmn xf] .
Zofd M d k|:tfj /fV5' . o:tf e|i6 dfG5]sf] xftaf6 :sn"sf] pb\3f6g ug'{ eGbf xfd|} ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf]
;Ddflgt dlxnf lbn s'df/L ljZjsdf{af6 pb\3f6g ul/of];\ .
s[i0f M / oL e|i6 dfGG5]nfO{ h'Qfsf] dfnf nufP/ ufpF 3'dfOof]; . -Ps hgf o'js dgf]h h'Qfsf]
dfnf lnP/ ;fw'/fd lt/ a9\5==== _
;fw'/fd M -;fw'/fd 8/fpF5_ x}g x}g=================
-;j} uP/ c;nnfO{ h'Qfsf] dfnf nufp5g . s;}n] sfnf] df];f] bN5g / xfxNnf ub}{ nv]6\5g\
. -c;n k|;fb efU5g\_
b[Zo !)!
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfgM kf6L{ sfof{no
kfqM s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf ;b:ox?
-kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf ;b:ox? lar u/dfudL{ ax; rln/x]sf] 5_
s]= ;=u0f]z M -cfˆgf] l;6af6 h'?Ss p7]/_ of] t clt ef] o:tf e|i6 /
abgfd dfG5] xfd|f] kfl6{sf] dGqL x'g'eg]sf] ;Dk"0f{ kfl6{ kª\tLsf] abgfd x'g' xf] .
s]=;=uf]laGb M o:tf abgfd dfG5]nfO{, hgtfn] lt/:sf/ u/]sf JolQmx?nfO{ kf6L{ af6} lg:sf;g ug'{ kg]{df
cem dGqL agfO /fVg' eg]sf] rf]/nfO{ rf}tf/f] lbg' h:tf] xf] .
s]=;=s[i0f M
d t eG5' gLhnfO{ dGqL d08naf6 tTsfn lkmtf{ af]nfOof]; / kf6L{sf] ;fwf/0f ;b:oaf6
;d]t lgisf;g ul/of];\ .
s]=;=dbg M ljkIfL kf6L{sf dfG5] / ;+;bLo JojZyfnfO{ abgfd u/fpg] gLotn] c/fhs tTjx?af6 /
k|ltlqmofjfbLx?n] 36fPsf] 36gf klg t x'g ;S5 .
s]=;=p4j M ;ª\qmd0f sfndf wldnf] kfgLdf df5f dfg]{ gLotn] u'08fx? nufP/ xfd|f] kf6L{sf] dfg db{g
ug]{ k|ofz klg t x'g ;S5 .
s]=;=u0f]z M
x'g ;SYof] t/ lhNnf sldl6sf] of] eGbf cufl8g} Report cfO{ ;s]sf] 5 . dGqL Ho"n] cs't
;Dklt sdfpg] k|ofzdf ufpFsf] cfˆgf] If]qsf] s'g} jf:tf gug'{ ePsf] / kq klqsfdf Jofks
clgoldttf / e|i6frf/sf] kf]n vf]n]/ ;dfrf/x/ 5flkPsf 5g .
s]=;=uf]ljGb M of] of] 36gfsf] k|s[lt / lhNNff sldl6af6 cufl8 g} cfPsf] k|ltj]bgn] s] hgfpF5 eg] of]
k|ltlqmofafbLx?n] u'08f lsg]/ 36fPsf] 36gf xf]Og .
s]=;=s[i0f M tTsfn dGqLnfO{ lkmtf{ ug]{ / pQm kbdf cs}{ dGqLnfO{ k7fpg] lg0f{o x'g' k¥of] .
kf6L{ M ;lrj÷dxfdGqLM– ;j} s]Gb|Lo sld6Lsf ;fyLx?sf] olx /fo 5 eg] dGqL Ho"nfO{ s]=s=
tTsfn dGqL d08naf6 lkmtf{ af]nfpg] lg0f{o ub{5 . -;j} hfg] xf] eG5g\_
58

[Zo !)@
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M uh]Gb| s]=;L] sf] sfo{sIf
kfq M uh]Gb|, /fd, lxdfgL, cg'/fu
/fd, lxdfgL / cg'/fu uh]Gb| u/sf] sf]7fdf k|j]z u5{g\ . uh]Gb| 6]an'df sfd ub}{ u/]sf]af6 6fpsf]
p7fP/ x]5{g\ .
/fh]Gb| M kmfOn t}of/ eof] <
/fd M t}of/ eof] ;/ Û
uh]Gb| M tLg} hgfsf] l/kf]6{ b'?:t 5 x}g .
lxdfgL M 5 ;/ .
uh]Gb| M klxn] ufpFsf] lj|lkmª ug'{;\ .
/fd M ;fw'/fd hLsf] k"Vof}{nL ;DklQ eg]sf] hDdf ufpFdf krf;, /f]kgL hUuf /x]5 ToxL hUufdf
ag]sf] b'O{ tn] 6Lgsf] 5fgf ePsf] 5 sf]7fsf] 3/ /x]5 . df:6/L u/]/ lhljsf]kfh{g / ;dfh
;]jf ;d]t ug'{ x'Fbf] /x]5 . ;'?sf] ;DklQ ljj/0fdf ltg tf]nf ;'g klg 5 .
uh]Gb| M clxn]sf l:ylt s] 5 <
/fd M clxn] >Ldltsf] gfddf !)) /f]kgL hUuf yk lslgPsf] b]lvG5, ltgsf ef~hf egfpFbfsf]
gfddf !) /f]kgL hUuf lslgPsf] 5 . rt'/fgGb eGg] pgsf ;f9' efOn] Tof] ?6df rnfpg] rf/
j6f a; lsg]sf] kfOof] . s"n ldnfP/ ufpFdf Ps s/f]8sf] ;DklQ hf]8]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .
uh]Gb| M -lxdfgLnfO{_ sf7df08f}Fsf] tkfO{n] x]/]sf] x}g <
lxdfgL M xf] ;/ Û
uh]Gb| M lj|lkmª ug'{';\ .
lxdfgL M d}n] k|fKt u/sf] ;"rgfsf] cfwf/df dfnkf]t sfof{no a}+s / ljlQo ;+:yfx?af6 tYofÍ ;+sng
u/]sf] lyPF . h; cg';f/ sf7df08f}+ j8f g+ * hUuf ls= g+= !)$* sf] Ps /f]kgLdf ag]sf]
tLg tn] kGw| sf]7fsf] 3/ $^,%),))).– df lslgPsf] 5 . 5f]/f ceosf] gfddf sf7df08f}+ jf8{
g+ ^ af}4 dxfÍfnsf] lsQf g+= (@& sf] Ps /f]kgL $ cfgf @ k};f @ bfdsf] hUufdf ag]sf] rf/
tn] @@ sf]7fsf] 3/ %@,%&,%#^.&) k};fdf lsg]sf] 3/ Ps, ceos} gfddf Pp6f ;]G6«f] uf8L /
Pp6f ofdfxf OG6fO;/ df]6/ ;fOsn klg 5 . p;sf] gfddf OGe]i6d]G6 a}+sdf !) nfv gub
klg hDdf 5 . >LdtL ozf]bfsf] gfddf sf7df08f}+ 3'Daf/fxL uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ^ sf] lsQf +
$@& sf] @ /f]kgL # k};fdf ag]sf] !& sf]7fsf] tLg tn] 3/ ! s/f]8 %^ nfv ;tf;L xhf/
#$% ?k}ofdf lsg]sf] 3/ Ps . lxdfnog a}+sdf !) nfv gub Fix Deposit / g]kfn ;xsf/L
ljlQo ;+:yfdf nufgL &%,)),))).– u/]sf] kfOof] . pgsf] 3/ leqsf] ;'g rfFbL cflbsf]
d"NofÍg x'g} afFsL 5 .
cg'/fu M s]xL geP klg k'/} kl/jf/sf] gfdaf6 % s/f]8sf] e|i6frf/ ePsf] 5 .
uh]Gb| M tLg} hgfsf] cg';Gwfg Pp6f kmfOndf Complete u/]/ sf/jfxLsf] nflu clVtof/ k7fOlbg'; .
lxdfgL M xj; ;/ Û -tLg} hgf cf–cfˆgf] kmfOn Ps} 7fpFdf Compile ug{ yfN5g\_
59

[Zo !)#
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ljleGg kf6L{sf] ;+o'Qm ldl6ª
kfq M ljleGg kf6L{sf g]tfx:
kf6L{ s g]tf M e|i6 / e|i6frf/Lx?nfO{ tkfO{sf] kf6L{dfq x}g, xfd|f] kf6L{ klg sflv Rofk]/ lx8g rfxb}g .
kf6L{ v g]tf M sflv Rofk]/ lx8g rfxb}g eg] clxn] rrf{df /x]sf e|i6 dGqLnfO{ tTsfn dGqL d08naf6
lgisf;g u/]/ clVtof/nfO{ cfˆgf] sfo{ lgjf{w ?kn] cufl8 a9fpg ;xof]u ug{ k5{ .
kf6L{ u g]tf M xf], e|i6frf/n] b]zsf] ;'zf;gdf g} vnn k'¥ofpg] x'gfn] tTsfn lg0f{o lng cfjZos 5 .
kf6L{ 3 g]tf M nf]stGqdf ;j} kf6L{x? hgtf k|lt hjfkm b]xL x'g} k5{ / kf/bzL{ x'g} k5{ .
kf6L{ ª g]tf M hgtf k|lt hjfkm b]xL x'g] kf6L[n] e|i6frf/sf] pGd"ng tkm{ sbd klg rfNg' k5{ .
kf6L{ r g]tf M dnfO{ nfU5 xfdL dWo] s'g} kf6L{ klg e|i6frf/nfO{ k|f]T;fxg lbg] kIfdf 5}g . xfdL ;j}n]
e|i6frf/ / clgoldttfsf] lj?4df Pp6f qmflGtnfO{ g} cufl8 a9fpg' k5{ .
kf6L{ 5 g]tf M k|To]s kf6L{n] cfh o;} a}7saf6 e|i6frf/sf] lj/4 x'g] sfddf ;xof]u k'Ug] sfddf ;fy lbg'
k5{ eGg] ;+sNk k|:tfj kf/Lt ul/of]; .
kf6L{ h g]tf M xf], xfdL dfq x}g hgtfsf] dt lnP/ ;Qf ;~rfngdf ;xefuL x'g rfxg], eljiodf zlQm
;Gt'ngdf /xg] x/]s kf6L{n] klg e|i6frf/sf] lj/4 sf/jfxL cuf8L a9fpg d4t k'uf]; eg]/ g}
sfd ug'{ k5{ .
kf6L{ em g]tf M clxn] tTsfnnfO{ e|i6frf/df d'l5Psf dGqLnfO{ dGqL kl/ifbaf6 lgisfzg ug]{ l;kmfl/; ug]{
lg0f{o u/f}+
;j}M x'G5 u/f}+ .
b[Zo !)$
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M l6=eL= sf]7f
kfq M ozf]bf, ef~hf, ;f;', ;;'/f,
-;f;', ;;'/f a;]/ l6=eL= x]b}{ x'G5g\, ef~hf rfFxL Rofgn r]Gh ub}{ x'G5g\ . ozf]bf sfd ;s]/ sf]7fdf
k|j]z ul5{g\ .
ozf]bf M ef~hf afa', g]kfn l6=eL+= af6 ;dfrf/ cfpFb} xf]nf g]kfn nufpg't .
ef~hf M xj; -Rofgn r]Gh_ -g]kfn nufpF5g\ . g]kfnaf6 ;dfrf/ cfpFb} x'G5_
l6=eL+= M cj ;'Gg'xf]; k'/f ;dfrf/, kbsf] b'?kof]u / Jofks e|i6frf/ u/]sf] eGg] hgtfsf] u'gf;f] /
kq–klqsfdf cfPsf jxfFsf] e|i6frf/sf] km]xl/:t ;d]tnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL jxfFs} kf6L{n]
;fw'/fdnfO{ dGqL d08naf6 lkmtf{ af]nfPsf] 5 . ;fy ;fy} ;fw'/fd hLsf] xfn;fn}df a9]sf]
/xg ;xg ;d]tnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL /fli6«otf ;ts{tf s]Gb|n] u/]sf] cg';Gwfgsf] klg k'li6 ePsf]
5 . -;j}sf] Reaction_ ozf]bf yrSs} ;f]kmfdf a:5], ef~hf;+u l/df]6{ lnP/ l6=eL= aGb u5]{ .
;f;' M HjfO ;fÚjsf] dGqL kb v'l:sof] eg]sf] xf] .
;;'/f M
ef~hf M
xf] Û
e|i6frf/ k|dfl0ft eof] /], kf6L{n] lkmtf{ af]nfof] /], o:tf]df dGqL vfO/xg kfOG5 t < v} /fd|/L
s'/f a'em]sf] <
60

ozf]bf M -l/;fP/_ tkfO{ g} a'‰g';\g /fd|/L s'/f eP e/sf] . l3Rg] a]nfdf t cfkm"n] klg l3Rg' ePsf]
lyof] t Û clxn] csf{nfO{ dfq eGg] <
ef~hf M d t emf]nLsf] b]ptf, dnfO{ t lbg'eof] lnOlbP, cfkm"n] vfFbf kf] kRg] u/L vfg'k5{ v} s'/f]
a'em]sf] <
ozf]bf M emf]nLsf] b]ptf ef]nLsf] /fIf; . cj eP e/sf] r'SnL klg nufpg] xf] ls <
ef~hf M -d'G6f] a6fP/ lx8\5_
;;'/f M hxfh 8'Ag nfUof] eg] ;j} eGbf klxn] d';f]n] 5f]8]/ efU5 eg]sf] oxL xf] =========uof] =============
;f;' M cj s] u5{;\ t 5f]/L .
ozf]bf M otf ptL arfpg] k|of; ug'{ k¥of] . jxfF sxfF x'g'x'G5 ==================-df]afOn ug{ yfN5] . _
b[Zo !)%
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] 3/sf] leqL efu
kfq M rt'/fgGb, 3gZofd,
rt'/fgGb / 3gZofd bf]l8b} ;fw'[/fdsf] 3/ leq l55{g\ ,
rt'/fgGb M bfO======================= vf]O{ stf xf] <
3gZofd M
;fw'/fd hL======================== -cl8P/_ ;fw'/fd hL stf xf]
-ef~hf kf]sf] af]s]/ jflx/ hfG5_
b[Zo !)^
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M l6=eL= sf]7f
kfq M ozf]bf, ;f;', ;;'/f,
ozf]bf M -kmf]g ub}{ u/]sL ozf]bf df]afOn aGb u/]/ cfjfh cfPlt/ x]5]{+_ jxfF t x'g'x'Gg dfly g}
cfpg';g\
-3gZofd / rt'/fgGb ToxL sf]7fdf k'U5g\_ ;j}sf] Reaction_ ozf]bf, 3gZofd, rt'/fgGb,
;f;', ;;'/f
3gZofd M s]xL s'/f yfxfkfpg' eof] efph',
ozf]bf M d}n] t yfxf kfPF t/ jxfF sxfF x'g'x'G5 <
-o:t}df ;fw'/fd klg cfOk'U5g\_
;fw'/fd M lsg vf]hL eO/x]sf] 5 d]/f] <
km]l/ ;j}sf] Reaction
3gZofd M -;fw'/fdnfO{_ tkfO{nfO{ s]xL yfxf 5}g .
;fw'/fd M cxF, yfxf 5}g t Û -;f]kmfdf a:5g\_
rt'/fgGb M tkfO{ cj dGqL /xg' ePg,
;fw'/fd M -h'?Ss p7\b}_ s] eGg' ePsf] tkfO{n] .
rt'/fgGb M tkfO{nfO{ kf6L{n] dGqL d08naf6 lkmtf{ af]nfO;Sof] .
61

;fw'/fd M dnfO{ yfx} glbO{
3gZofd M /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb|n] e|i6frf/ ;DaGwL kmfOn clVtof/nfO{ a'emfO{ ;Sof] .
;fw'/fd M -sf]_ eofgs Reaction, ozf]bfsf] Reaction, c?sf] Reaction
rt'/fgGb M cj clVtof/n] k"lh{ sf6]/ 5fkf dfg{ ;S5 Û
km]l/ Reaction ;j}sf]
3gZofd M -Monologue_ cf] xf] Û 5fkf dfbf{ d klg lu/ˆtf/ eP eg] ================= oxfF a:g' cj pko'Qm
5}g, d klg ;'6'Ss efUg' k¥of] . -;f]Rb} 3gZofd ;'6'Ss ToxfFaf6 efUg vf]H5_
ozf]bf M sxfF hfg nfUg ePsf] tkfO{ < cfktdf tkfO{x?n] ;xof]u gu/] s;n] u5{ <
3gZofd M -csdlsG5_ cF=========== d=============== ToxL================ otf ptL eg;'g u/]/ s]xL ldnfpg]
k|of; u5'{ . To;sf] nflu d oxfFaf6 hfg} k5{ . -hfG5 klg_
rt'/fgGbsf] Reaction, ;fw'/fdsf] Reaction aNn ozf]bf af]N5] .
ozf]bf M -s;}nfO{ kmf]g u5]{_ P ====== dGqL Ho", Tof] s] ePsf] yfdy'd ug{ ;lsb}g
-ptfaf6 cfjfh dfq cfpF5_ o:tf]df s]xL ug{ ;ls+b}g efph" . ;fw'/fd hL ;j}lt/ af6
kl/aGwdf kl/;Sg' ef] s]xL x'g ;Sb}g .
-ozf]bf 6]lnkmf]g aGb u/]/ ;fw'/fdnfO{ x]5]{_
-;fw'/fd lrlGtt eP/ a:5g\_
ozf]bf M xg ;fFRr} cj s]xL x'g ;Sb}g <
rt'/fgGb M cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] d[unfO{ af5fn] klg nv]6\5 eg]sf] oxL xf] . d klg Psb'O{ 7fpFdf eg;'g ug]{
k|of; u5'{ -eGb} pgLklg hfG5g\_
ozf]bf M -km]l/ kmf]g ug{ yflN5g\_ k|wfgdGqLn] t s]xL ug{ ;Sg' x'GYof] xf]nf <
;fw'/fd M ef] k|of; gu/ Û uNtL ug]{ a]nfdf xfdLn] uNtL u/L ;Sof}+, cj s;}n] klg d2t ub}{g .
ozf]bf M s;}n] d2t gu/] eujfgn] t d2t unf{g\ -eGb} sf]7faf6 aflxl/G5]_
b[Zo !)&
;do M lbpF;f]÷leq
:yfg M u'dfgl;+xsf] sfo{sIf
kfq M u'dfg l;+x, b'O{ hgf clVtof/sf] dfG5]
ozf]bf M -u'dfg l;+x cfˆgf] sfo{ sIfdf 6]lnkmf]gdf s'/f ub}{ x'G5 .
u'dfg l;+x M P xh'/ Û tkfO{n] lrGt} lng' kb}{g . h] k/] klg d ldnfO{xfN5' lg xh'/================ -af]Nbfaf]Nb}
u'dfg l;+x M
b[Zo !)*
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M dlGb/sf] k|fË0f
9f]sflt/ cfFvf hfG5 . abL{wf/Ln] k"lh{ NofP/ u'dfg l;+xnfO{ lrL a'emfpF5g\ . _
t/ o;kfnL rfFxL s'/f ldNnf h:tf] nfu]g . b'O6f b"tx? d]/f] b'O{ lt/ 5g\ -?Gr] cg'xf/ kf/]/_
cj t wd{ vftfdf lx;fj lbg hfg} kg]{ ef] . -abL{wf/Ln] u'dfg l;+xsf] xftaf6 6]lnkmf]g /fvL
lbP/ l3;fb}{ nfG5g\_
62

kfq M ozf]bf, cGo dlxnfx?, bz{gflenflifx?
ozf]bf xftdf k'hfsf] ;fdfu|Lx/ lnP/ bf}8b} dlGb/sf] d"lt{ cufl8 k'U5] / 5fb xfN5] .
ozf]bf M x] eujfg Û dnfO{ arfp, d]/f] kl/jf/ 8'Agaf6 arfp, jxfFnfO{ s]xL gxf];\ eujfg_
ufhn -dlxnf_ M x]/ ToxfF, :jfª kf/]sL eujfgsf] dlGb/df cfP/ .
sf]dn M o:tf e|i6frf/Lsf] :jf:gLx? cfP/ xfdL cfpg] dlGb/sf] cfFug klg ckljq xf]nf eGg] 8/ .
ozf]bf M -;'Gb} klg 5], af]Nb} klg 5]_ x] eujfg Û cK7\of/f] k/]sf] a]nf s;}n] d2t u/]g . ltdL dfq}
o:tf 5f} eujfg, h;n] eQmnfO{ h'g j]nf klg d2t u5{ . dnfO{ klg d2t u/ eujfg Û
z'nf]rgf M s] k/]5 cfh o;nfO{,
sf]dn M k'ln;n] ;dft]/ nfg nfUof] xf]nf ToxL eP/ d2t dfUg cfPsL xf]nL .
ufhn -dlxnf_M o:tfnfO{ eujfgn] klg s] d2t unf{g\ .
sf]dn M xf] t ============= hfpF======== ;j} a9\5g\ .
ozf]bfsf] Reaction ?g yfN5] .
b[Zo !)(
;do M /ftL÷leq
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] 3/
kfq M ;fw'/fd, ceo, cg'hf, ozf]bf, ;f;', ;;'/f
;fw'/fdsf] 3/df ?jfaf;L rln/x]sf] 5 .
;fw'/fd M cj /f]P/ s] tdf;f ul/ /fv]sf] h] x'g' e};Sof] . xts8L nfU5 eg]/ 8/fpg]n] rf]/L g} ug'{ x'Fb}g
.
ozf]bf M -?Fb}_ dnfO{ of] ;DklQ s]xL rflxb}g ;Kk} lkmtf{ ul/lbg';\ . xfdL h:tf] lyof}+ To:t} l7s lyof}+ .
;j} lkmtf{ ul/lbg';\ s]xL rfFlxb}g .
ceo M -?Fb}_ xf] af, dnfO{ klg 3/, uf8L, a}+s Aofn]G; s]xL rfFlxb}g . klxn] ul/jLsf] JoË vlkGYof] ,
:jfledfg lyof], clxn] e|i6frf/Lsf] JoËo vKg'k5{ . emg} lgx'/]/ lx8\g'k5{ .
cg'hf M xf] af, klxn]sf lk8fx? xfd|f afWotf lyP . t/ clxn]sf lk8f t z'n h:t} b'Vtf] /x]5 .
klxn]sf] lk8f c?n] lxsf{Psf] h:tf] dg nfu] kmls{P/ r8\sfpg ;lsGYof] . t/ clxnsf] lk8f
cfkm}n] lxsf{P/ agfPsf] 3fp h:tf] b'V5 . dnfO{ klg s]xL rfFlxb}g af . ;Kk} kmsf{lbg';\ .
;;'/f M HjfO ;fOjn] klg cln ljrf/ u/]/ sfd ug'{ kYof]{ Û
;fw'/fd M ;fw'/fdnfO{ e|i6frf/L tkfO{x?n] g} agfpg' ePsf], a'af======== bz}+df ;'v ;d[l4sf] cflz{jfb
lbgsf] ;§f s] eGg' ePsf] lyof] ==========F.B.
;;'/f M rfF8rfF8} k|ult xf]'\ . k|;:t k};f sdfpg', nIdLn] 9's'6Ldf af; u?g\ sf7df08f}+df 7"nf] 3/
agfpg', d]/L 5f]/Ln] ;'v kfcf];=
Flash Return ;fw' M ToxL eGg' ePsf] lyof] x}g <
;;'/f M -6fpsf] lgx'F/fpF5g\_
;fw'/fd M -ozf]bfnfO{_ 3gZofdn] nf]Eofpg NofPsf] Pp6f gfy] df]afOndf ltdL nf]leof} / e|i6frf/sf]
z'?jft ToxfFaf6 eof] .
;fw'/fd M dfG5]sf] OR5f cfsfª\Iff cl;ldt 5g\ . hlt a9fpF5\of} plt t[i0ff a9\b} hfG5 / t[i0ff g} b'Mvsf]
sf/0f aG5 .
63

-ceo cg'hfsf] Reaction)
;fw'/fd M clg ltdLx?===== ltdLx?nfO{ b'Mv ;'v kfn]s} lyPF, k9\g kfPs} lyof}, rt'/fgGbsf] rSs/df k/]/
t 3/} gcfpg] eO;\ . dnfO{ gu/fpg' kg]{ sfd u/fO;\
-ceosf] Reaction)
;fw' M b'lgofFn] xfQL r9] eg]/ ltdLx?nfO{ w'/L r9\g' k/\of] b]vfl;lv ug'{k/\of] ;DklQsf] k|bz{g ug'{
k/\of] dGqfnosf ufl8x? b'?kof]u u/]/ bzlt/ 7f]SsfpFb} lx8\g' k/\of] cxª\sf/ r9\of] tFnfO{,
abgfd eO; tF, / dnfO{ klg abgfd u/fO;\ . cfh To;}sf] kl/0ffd of] .
-km]l/ ;j}sf] Reaction)
;fw' M d]/f] gfd dfg k|lti7fdf rf]6 t klxn] g} nfu]sf] lyof] cj Tof] ljr jf6f]df lnnfd x'g]5 .
dfG5]x? lvNnL p8fP/ xfF:g] 5g\ . ;DklQ t ;j} clVtof/n] sAhf u5{ g} cflv/ xfdL pxL
km'6kfy cfpg] eOof] .
-;j}sf] dgdf qfzsf] efj _
;fw' M hfcf] ltdLx? ;j} uP/ ;'t===== ef]ln h] knf{ knf{ Jo:t} 6nf{ .
lj:tf/} ;j} p7]/ bu{ lbzf lt/ nfU5g\_
-;fw'/fd PSn} pleO{ /fV5 s7f]/ lg0f{o lnP h:tf] sf]7fdf PSn} 56k6fpg yfN5 .
Monolue M cj s;/L afFRg], ;fyL, efO ;dfh kf6L{ sfo{stf{n] s] eGnfg\==== -sf]7fdf otf plt ub}{_
;Dk"0f{ hLjg cfuf]sf] /fkdf lemlN;P/ ljTg] ef] . ulNt pgLx?sf] dfq} xf]Og cfˆgf] klg xf] .
pgLx?n] eGb}df d}n] gdfg]sf eP . b'O{rf/ lbg 7'l:sGy] km]l/ cfFkm} s'/f] ;DxflnGYof] . 5f]/f
5f]/L :jf:gLsf] s'/f g;'g]sf] eP cfh of] lbg cfpg] g} lyPgF .
b[Zo !!)
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M af6f]
kfq M ef~hf========= ;'/Iffsf] b:tfsf] ufl8 .
ef~hf kfsf] af]s]/ n'v'/ n'v'/ lx+l8 /fv]sf x'G5g\ Eofg cfP/ ?S5 / ef~hfsf] k5fl8af6 RofKk
;dft]/ l3;fb}{ n}hfG5g\ / Eofgdf xfn]/ nfG5g\ .
b[Zo !!!
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M a;kfs{
kfq M rt'/fgGb – ;/Iff b:tfsf] ufl8
rt'/fgGb rt'/ gh/n] otf plt x]b}{ j; kfs{df hfFb} x'G5g\ . kms]{/ x]bf{ Eofg cfO/x]sf] b]v]/ a's'{;L
7f]s]/ efU5g\======= ufl8n] lk5f ub}{ hfG5 . a;sf] cf]6df n's]sf] rt'/fgGbnfO{ ;dfP/ NofpF5 /
ufl8df vfFb]/ nfG5 .
64

[Zo !!@
;do M lbpF;f]÷aflx/
:yfg M Po/kf]6{ jf6f]
kfq M 3gZofd, ;'/Iff b:tf–8«fOe/
Pp6fsf/sf] cufl8 Po/nfOG; l6s6 / kf;kf]6{ /flvG5 . 9f]sf v'N5 . dfG5] a:5 . -3gZofd x'g5g\_
3gZofd M l56f] Po/kf]6{ hfpF=========
8«fOe/ M x'G5 -:6f6{ u/]/ hfG5 . kl5 kl5 km]l/ ;'/Iff b:tfn] km]l/ pQm ufl8nfO{ lk5f ub}{ hfG5
;'/Iffsf] ufl8n] pQm 6\ofS;LnfO{ cufl8af6 5]sf/f] sf6]/ /f]S5 / 3]5{ . ;'/Iffsf] ufl8 b]v]/
3gZofd cfˆgf] kf;kf]6{ / l6s6 lnP/ 9f]sf vf]n]/ efUg vf]H5g\ t/ ;'/Iffn] 3gZofdnfO{
To;} u/L ;dfP/ Eofgdf sf]r]/ nfG5 . _
b[Zo !!#
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] 3/ jflx/
kfq M ;'/Iff b:tf, ozf]bf, cg'hf, ceo, jL/dfg, eb|, /l;s, 6f]n]÷ufpFn]x?
;fw'/fdsf] 3/ cufl8 Eofg cfP/ /f]lsG5 Eofgaf6 ;'/IffsdL{x? cf]ln{P/ ;/f;/ leq hfG5g\ . jl/kl/
l5d]sLx? hDdf x'G5g\ . 5Ss k/]/ x]5{g\ .
aL/dfg M e|i6frf/ u/]/ cs't ;DklQ sdfPsf] lyof] ;j 5]g]{ eof] .
eb| M clVtof/sf] sf/jfxLdf k/]sf] xf]nf x}g <
/;Ls M xf] t cj ;j km"6kfy] x'g] eP .
b[Zo !!$
;do M lbpF;f]÷jflx/
:yfg M ;fw'/fdsf] 3/ sDkfp08
kfq M ;fw'/fd, ;'/Iff b:tf, ozf]bf, cg'hf, ceo, ;f;', ;;'/f, -;'/Iff b:tfn] ;fw'/fd / p;sf ;f/f
kl/jf/nfO{ 3/af6 jflx/ NofpF5 . ;j} xNsf ?Fb} 5g\ . ;'/Iffn] 9f]sfdf tfnf nfpF5 l;n df5{ . cg'hf
ceo ozf]bf ;f;', ;;'/fnfO{ 5]8]/ ;fw'/fdnfO{ Eofg lt/ nfb}{5g\ . _
jL/dfg M kfk w'/Laf6 s/fpF5 eg]sf] oxL xf] .
eb| M ;j} e|i6frf/Ln] o;/L g} ;hfo kfP b]lv e|i6frf/ klg sd x'G5 xf]nf .
-;fw'/fdsf] ;j} kl/jf/ sDkfp08 jflx/ cfO k'U5g\ ;'/Iffn] d"n u]6 klg nufpF5 . o:t}df
gL/h M
/fwf M
gL/h / /fwf klg cfO{ k'U5g\ . cg'hf gL/hsf] 5ftLdf 6fFl;g k'U5] ._
dnfO{ dfkm ul/b]p cg'hf d ltdL;+u gftf ufF;]/ ;dfhdf abgfd x'g rfxGg . dnfO{ cfh
b]lv lj;L{b]p -cg'hfnfO{ 5'6fP/ hfG5_
-ceo g]/ /fwf k'U5] . ceo cfzftLt gh/n] x]5{ _
cfO{ od ;/L ceo ==== ltdL h:tf] e|i6frf/Lsf] 5f]/f] ;Fu d afFsL lhjg ljtfpg ;lQmg, O6;\
gf] df]/=====-eGb} /fwf klg hfG5] _
65

-;8sdf bfofF jfofFsf dfG5] cem} comment ub}{5g\ _
eb| M n x]/ s] kfof] of] dfG5]n] Û ljr/fsf] lhGbuL To;} v]/ uof] .
-;'/Iffn] ;fw'/fdnfO{ Eofgdf /fV5, Eofg leq c?x? klg 5g\ . _
3gZofd M gd:sf/ xh'/ xfdL ;j} oxfF 5f}+÷Ps} 7fpFdf a:g] kfOof] eg] ToxfF klg /dfOnf] u/f}Fnf .
rt'/fgGb M bfO slxn] ks8fp kl/b}g xf]nf h:tf] nfUYof], kl/bf] /}Ú5 .
u'dfg l;+x M wGbf dfGg' kb}{g d 5Fb} 5'lg xh'/ .
ef~hf M xf] t dfdfn] vf]O{} s'/f a'em]sf] a:g';\ .
-;fw'/fd a:5g\_
uf8L cuf8L a9\5==========
eb| M To;}n] cj}w tl/sfn] cfh]{sf] ;DklQ æ;kgfsf] dxn===========Æ
6fO6n ;kgfsf] dxn cl8G5 . cGo qm]l86 6fO6n aUg yfN5 .
;dfKt
66