Introduction to marine issues
Introduction to marine issues
Introduction to marine issues
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CCS and the Marine Environment<br />
Jerry Blackford<br />
jcb@pml.ac.uk
Challenges and key <strong>issues</strong>:<br />
EU Directive on Geological S<strong>to</strong>rage of CO2<br />
“The opera<strong>to</strong>r is responsible …… must moni<strong>to</strong>r continuously all aspects of the CO2 flow and the surrounding s<strong>to</strong>rage<br />
complex, ……. and respond with corrective measures <strong>to</strong> any leakages or “irregularities" that occur”<br />
Guidelines state:<br />
Have all vulnerable domains surrounding the targeted s<strong>to</strong>rage sites … been identified.<br />
Has relevant environmental data required for screening been acquired and reviewed.<br />
Define criteria for ERA based on ecosystem and socio-economics.<br />
risk<br />
consequence<br />
Geology<br />
Engineering<br />
Dispersion<br />
Impact<br />
Significance<br />
Non mitigation<br />
Marine exploitation<br />
Establishing compliance and confidence:<br />
Moni<strong>to</strong>ring strategy, instrument development.
Research landscape<br />
EU. RISCS (Impacts and safety of CO2 S<strong>to</strong>rage)<br />
Jan 2010 – Dec 2013.<br />
EU. ECO2 (Carbon s<strong>to</strong>rage and the <strong>marine</strong> environment)<br />
Jan 2011 – Dec 2014.<br />
UK. QICS (Quantifying Ecosystem Impacts of Carbon<br />
S<strong>to</strong>rage) May 2010 – May 2014
Air-Sea exchange<br />
Tidal<br />
Dispersion<br />
Moni<strong>to</strong>ring<br />
methodology<br />
Pelagic ecosystem<br />
impacts<br />
Pipeline<br />
integrity<br />
Solubility<br />
Phase chemistry<br />
Plume dynamics<br />
Benthic ecosystem<br />
impacts<br />
The ambition is <strong>to</strong> deliver the underpinning<br />
science and understanding that will:<br />
Geo fluid<br />
dynamics<br />
Reservoir integrity<br />
• Facilitate a generic footprint / dispersion<br />
modelling <strong>to</strong>ol / capability<br />
• Quantify the potential impact <strong>to</strong> ecosystems<br />
and their functions<br />
• Evaluate moni<strong>to</strong>ring techniques and devise<br />
a moni<strong>to</strong>ring strategy
• The Marine Management Organisation’s planning and CCS<br />
Martyn Youell, MMO<br />
• Calculating the footprint: Dispersion of CO 2 in the sediments and the water column<br />
Baixin Chen, Heriot-Watt University<br />
• Quantifying the impact: Impacts of excess CO 2 on <strong>marine</strong> flora and fauna<br />
Chris Hau<strong>to</strong>n, University of Southamp<strong>to</strong>n<br />
• Moni<strong>to</strong>ring for leaks: Challenges and solutions for <strong>marine</strong> moni<strong>to</strong>ring<br />
Ian Wright, National Oceanographic Centre<br />
• Environmental Risk Assessment for CCS<br />
Aidan Whitfield, Environment Agency
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