Aehmat, 5 p # Emperour of the Turfy

Babjh* K'
ported CQJ
nave been
taken by
the iffbftM
King. *
The Turks
wifely fifi
femble
their
Lofle»
Aehmat, 5p# Emperour of the Turfy
a moft huge Array about ro come into Hungary y
tome others m *&$ mean time reporting, that he
was letted fo to do by reafori of the Perfian Wars,
whereunto he was of nccefuty 'to fend the greateft
part of his Forces; fo that he would but only
fend one of his great BafTaes, with the remainder
of his fo great an Army, againft the ChriftiartS in
Hungary, being before fwotn never to return
again unto CMfatitinoplkpffiM he had brought
the Countries of Tranfilvanld and Palachia, With
the remainder 0ffhnga^^^Sv the Obei&nce
of the great Su Iran, together'with the Country of
[Aufiria^ahd especially the fflong City oiWehna,
the end of the Turkun Emperours Conquefls ja"nd
chat to this purpofe the Grata! Seignior had with
great rigour tn 1H places levied great fums of Money
upon his &ibje£tt for the maintenance of his
fo great ad AtmVi : It was by others reported alfo,
That only the jftepa*atie)»S'fer fo great an Army
fhould be made this year, the Turks being refolded
to do much therewith the next: year,' and
therefore willing to beftow much, in hope With
fo great and puiflant an Army as they were about
to raife, to make an end of the Wars in Hungary,
and not ro return* until they had conquered all the
red of that Kingdom, in the rent reliqucs whereof
tho Forrune of the Ottoman Emperours had
fta j fo that all Hafidy^tiafts men were fet to
work by Day and Night, • riot only to forge
Weapons, to caft gtcat Ordnance, and to make
Powder, but to prepare all other things necefTary
M for lb great an Exploit.
All tbefe great Preparations were made for the
fervicc of the Vifier Bafla for the War in Hungary\
and of Cieala faff*in Perfa, whereof he was
ap General, haying befotc prefumptuoufly
pfOniifed^ Ufifrly co ruinate the PerSans Efface,
and with fo great a Power even to wallow him
up 'And indeed-, thefe Baftern Wars greatly troubled
the- Turks j News coming dill concerning
tile Conquefls §f rhe ferfian ujpon his Territories ;
and that even of late th£ ferfian King profecnting
his VifbrieSj had taken Babylon, with all the
Country thereabout j and $iat divers other Towns
and Cities, more moved with rear than with the
faith Wherewith they had bound themfelves unto
tht Turks, now yielded themfelves unto the Per*
/Ian, as weary of the Turks Servitude; anddefirous
of t their antient Liberty. And yet for all
that, the Turks (as they are wife to diflemble
their Holies, and to ftrifce a fear into their Enemies
) had given ic out in Confkantinopk, That
the Perjian King was near unto Babylon difcomflt-
Cd, all his Army overthrown,, and he hlmfclf
taken Prifoner; to that the Turks Forces before
diftraftcd, fjiould now wholly joyn together^ to
fhe utrel Ruine and DbftruBtiori of the Christians
in Hungary. And the more to confirm tikis' evil
News, i> Was reported, That the Beglerbcg of
Grecia had railed a greaf*Power to joyn with the
Vifier Bafta's Forces, to the intent to leave nothing
unconqucrcd in Hungary. For the better efrecring
whereof, it was alfo faid, That the Viller
Baffa had caufed a great number of VelTeJs, loaded
With Powder and other warlike Provifion, ro be
brought by Water out of T.pft ro Belgrade, to
ruinate the Efface of the Christians. All which
Reports, were by the Turks given out*to cover
their own Mifhaps, and to terrific their Enemies;
as knowing right well, Wars to depend much
upon Reports, and that a falfe brute belie/ed,
Worketh oftentimes the EfFeft of a thing indeed
done. Howfoever it was, thofe lb dreadful Reports
might well have feived ro have furred up
the Spirits of the Chriftians to have provided tor
&eir own Defence, and to have flood upon their
Guard ; fbr he that fatletfe to provide againft the
Preparations of his Enemy, well defcrveth either
Bondageor Death, which toever fhall befall him,
for having by his Negligence betrayed ftis own
Ability and Power to have withftood him.
The great Report of the Turks Preparations
and Forces, had now dafh'd all the Talk of Peace
at Ctmfiantinople^ttd the hot fire of Arribition had
quire fcorched the tweet Flowers appearing upon
the overture of the late hope of the common Repdie;
tome perfwading the Great Sultan, that he
was able with his Power at the fame time, both to
fubdue : rheJVrjfcw King, and to confound the Forces
of the Chriftian Emperour, having fo many
Kingdoms Within his Empire, fo many Armories
ftored M-his Service, and fuch flore of Treafure
ready for hfs Defigns, promtfing unto bfrfi moft
happy and eafie SucceG both in the one and the
other Expedition, even at one and the fell" fame
time 5 fo that he might vanquifh the Perfian by'
Cicala. Chieftain of his Army in Perfia, and conquer,
the remainder of Hungary•, with the Courirries-of
trdnftlvama and Valathia. by the Vifier
Bafla, General of hrs Forces againft the Chriftians r
k ft being ( as rhey faid ) a thing both honourable
and profitable for a Prince to beftow both Men:
and Money, thereby to gain Men. Honour, and
Empire; fo that things which with great charge
might be done all at once, were more profitable
matt were thofe which with lefi charge were done
at divfrrs times; for that things to crone at once,
yielded prefent prafiti^as being rri our Power,
and rccompenfing our Charge; the other in long
time putting us to great charge^ arid yielding little
or no profit at alf. And iticfced men fland iri
great feir of this the Turks young Emperour,
being by Nature firte, hafty, vlfeilant, cfuel, ambitious,
and proud j arid who, in h|s Behaviour
and Actions, much refembled Ntafmnlet the fecond,
he Which rook from the ChriftiilfnSfo'many Kingdoms,
Towns, and Cities, and amorigft the refr 3
the Imperial City of Conjtanthtoflk. He like unto
a yonrig Akxander t occupieth bimfelf in all the
Exercife? of War, hareth Idfcnefi, his Bathers
greateft Pleafurc ; he cauferh Arms to be made,
Cannons to be caff, Ships and Gallics to be built,'
and taketh a Pleafure to dilcourfe, how the fame
are to be imployed againft his Enemies ; fo that It
is greatly to be feared, that he being but a Chile!
in Conftantinople y will prove a man grown in Chriftendotte,
in bringing the fame under his Power
and Obcifance. we fparefb no Perfbn nor Means'
Wrtieh may fcrve to fatisfle his defire. So that
Strangers are to expect fmall Courtefies at hfs
harids, when as they fee him to ufe fuch bloody
Cruelty againft his Noblemen* and dtfmefiical Servants,
of the chiefeft df whom fince he was Emperour,
he hath already put divers to death, with
one of his BafTaes al(b, who was the Governour
of Pijlh 3 when as our men won it. But as Jufflce
and Clemency unto good Princes are the fureft
Bonds to keep their Subject faff bound unto them
in their Obedience and Duties, foare Cruelty and
Rage* Bridles wherewith the Turkifh Emperours
keep then: Subjects, in awe and fubjc&ion unta
them, and themfelves in their Eflate. H
• But leaving the Turks bufie about their Preparations
for the accomplishing of their young Emperours
high Defigns, let us return into Hungary^
raking Tranfik/ama in our way, the wofu'l Milefies
of which Country my Mind abhorrcth to
think upon, and my Pen thereof to write. This
Province, fometime much renowned for the great
Victories obtained againft the Turks by the Inhabitants
thereof, under the leading of their Prince
SlgififiUnd Bator } and others, abounding with plenty
of all things, was now, not by any invafion of
tne Turks, but by civil Pifcord amongft themfelves,
M
1604
fhe great
©pinion
mc; Turks
that hfe
Power of
their gres
Sultan.
TReCi^ .
pojicion of
the voung
Twkjjh
£mperouT(
Fury «nd
Tyranny
the chief
means
whereby
the ^K
Emperours
command
their Sab*

840
I6OA
d^vy
fclvcs, and Rebellion agaSft the Empcrour, now
their Sovereign, fo wafted and (polled by the
Souldiers on all fides, that many of the poorlnba-
- bitants, for* want of food, fell down dead, as they
went in theStrccts and Fields: miferable vVrejches,
always fowing, but never reaping; always labouring,
but nothing profiting5 the merciiefs and
greedy Souldier ftill fppftirjg or devouring all By
The mife- long .continuahce of which daily Outrages, the
rabkeftKc pjpijj at length lay now unfilled, the Pafforesuncoumry
of ^ond and neglected, and all things elfc unmanu-
Tranfitvit- red and quite out of courfe; by means whereof,
«a-
Kegali's, met with a number of Turks driving of
Sheep and Cattel thither, whom they furprifed,
and together with their Cattel carried them away
with them Prifoners. Which good hap was fcconded
with the Liberty of twenty Chriftian Prifoners
from Buda t who one night feeing their
Keepers opprefTed with Sleep and with Wine* cue
their Throats, and fo happily efcaped over the
River to Peftb. ,
*Now while thefe Troubles, betwixt the Chriflians
and the Turks ( after the Treaty of Peace
broken off) thus began again in Hangar cbe
Turks
TheTreaty
of Peace
petwjsc
the Chriftians
and
the Turin
quire broken
off,
and die
War again
begun, j
Booties taken
from
the Turks
Iby die
Chriftians.
The Chriftians
by
dw Turks, j
Prifbneis
informed
of their e-|
vil meaning
in-the
Treaty of
.Peace.

JTX^UUKXl
9 *%»w j^mperow oj We 1 wfy. 841
I£Q4, Turks, betide tbe (Rebellion in Afia, were together
^rY >^- > Hain Nudercy, a Gentleman of good fort, atnd his
by the £axs in the Ptoviince of Bofna. %eilafy, having
by force joyned with Policy, driven Zeffcr he was committed Prifoner into a very fitgh and
Fellow-companion in Arms j for Which mut'ther
Bajfa(asisaforefaid) out of Bo/na^and pofjelfed ftrong Tower within the Caftle ( wherein -County
Paradifir 3 yrho fold Canifia uqto the Tuiksjlay
himfejf of chat Province, thought himfelf now
furc enough w#hira the fltGogch of his Government,
although he being by the great Sultan Tent few days after be made. The horror of which cri­
fbmetime Prifonerjundl hisTcyal might within a
for to Caa^timifofki had refilled to come, as knowing
himfelf right well to bold chat fo great a Go-
fo troubled and Wounded the Mind 'of Gendsrot.
minal place, together with the guilt of Confcienee^
vcrnment much agalnlt his Will and Pleafurc. as that all ohe hope now to five his Life, was by
ieffer • *'"' But Z*'ffer Bj/./,now fupported with the Authori-
Bfljja reco- ty of the Great £ultan, and defirous co be revenged
vereththe of the great di (honour and lots he-had before re-
Gov ?"£ ceived from Zelkfy. his fyafimy, with a great Ar-
Bq/w from my luddenly entered into Bofna, ana lo coming
TtUalyjuA unto Ze'lkfy, fearing as then no luch matter, ovcrftonjy
" f - threw him with allnis Power, and never left purtcr
dicth. gj- Q£ ^j^ unci! he had chafed him quite out
of the Province, and (& again recovered the Government
cher-eof. But fhott was the Joy the Baia
received of this Io plcafinga Victory $ for within
few days after he dyed, comforting himfelf only
1 in this, that he died not un revenged. Of all which
things, the great Baflaes of (he Court under!landing,
and loth to lofe fo great a Souldjer as was
Zellaly, ( who,as a man d illreiTed, was now making
fbift for birolelf) or by ufing him hardly, co dcterr
the other Afian Rebels from coming in, and
yet not willing to trull him with fo great a Government
asjjWas the Province of Bofna-, they, to
*"^r provide for all events, appointed him to be Go-
Veraourof VCCD0UC °* tfmefivar; and Begedes Bajfa ( before ; ers, to the Terror of others, had two of the fore^
Temefivar. Governour there ) to fucceed Zeffer Bajfa in the
Government of Bofna : fingers of their right hands cut of£ and afterward
, fo contenting all Patties, faft nailed unto Gibbets fee up by the high-ways
to keep their Forces whole and intirc agajnft the.; fide.
- boi'."'
Chrifiians.
The Mjfc But as the Turk9 were troubled with -fcfieit Af i In dike manner alio the Regiment of Coilbfiel
rib ofaic fairs in to/m, fo the Chriltians were no -kfe, but Meysterg rofe in Mutiny tor eheit 1 The Rr p-
PayVandcalfttf ment of
ffungaH' rather more bnfied wii h theirs both in, ifanj^vania-. and incampedat Siteche^ about a League ffoai-HM Gollonel
and Hungary. Tbe Effaces of Hungary, bad appointed
a general meeting at Voffonin-n, wherein , lull j)|bie shier men therein,if they were not paid
6W&9>EhreacQing to delrroy the Country, and to Meysberg
inMutiay*
tbe Arch-duke Matthias was to fit as Prcfident,
there to confult of the means for the maintenance
of this years Wars again It the Turksi But as the
Arch-duke was about to have cntred into the City
in the midft of bis 8ouJdicrs, fuch a Fire Upon
the fudden arofe in the City, as consumed the
grcatcft pan thereof 5 an tjyil ippefage of the Aft i-
on then in band, and a wotul fpectaclc to behold,
with the Terror whereof all mens Minds poffeffed,
turned (hem from the magnificent entertaining of
the Arch-duke, ( as Was before determined ) tojtbe
quenching o£ the ragfegi fire, as more neceflary
and concerning them than the other. Belides thar,
the Miferies then to be fees io the other parts of
Hungary yet hokien by tbe Chrifiians, were both
^ . great and lamentable; for beude the harms thcrc-
BKnt^1"
^ ^on

842 Achmat, eighth Emperow of the Turfy.
1604
A ftrange
Aftion of
two of the
Citizens of
fiawa.
The Turks
in vain
feekcofurfribli/pt*
this mutinous Action, and lb al in like danger,
yet were cbey not thereof ail al ike guilty, many
of them being even againft their Wills and good
liking carried away head-long, as with the violent
courlc ofvan heady River. .
Now the Captains of the Town, with their
Troops and Companies, ftrengthenedwith fome
other Supply fent from other Places, were to let
forward againft thefe rebellious Mutineers, and to
fruftrate their Defigns 5 fordie greater ftrengthening
of whom, divers of the Burgeues of theTown
were inforced to enter into this Action alio: a-
mongft whom, there were two, .accounted very
honelt religious men, who by all means fought
to excufe themfelves from going, labouring both
by lively Rcafons, and by the Word of God, to
prove, that they neither might nor ought of
Right to enter into Arms againft their Chriftian
Brethren, inforced with Extremities, for want of
their due Pay, to forgettheir Duty, and to do that
befcemed them not. But what availeth it toallcdge
eitrher Reafon or Law amongft the clattering
of Arms; the noife whereof is fo great, as that
Reafon and Law cannot there be heard. Thefe
two men feeing themfelves inforced to go, and
much grieved in Conscience to do that they were
enjoyned to do, and to help to fhed the guiltlefs
Blood of their innocent Brethren (as they accounted
them ) cntrcd both of them into a moft
ftrange and woful Resolution, which was, to dye
themfelves,. rather than to embrue their hands
with the Blood of the guiltlefs j whereupon, one
of them, having oftentimes called upon the Name
of Je/us, with his own Sword thruft himfelf
through the Body, and fo died j the other, upon
the like Refolution, threw himfelf into the River,
and fo perifhed alfo: Men worthy to be pitied
for their Cohfciencc lake, but juftly to becondemned
for their fo weak and defpetate a Rcfolution.
In fine, the rebellious Mutineers feeing in
what Peril they were, being even now ready to
be charged, and withal conudering the weaknels
of their Power in companion of them that came
again ft them, thought it beft,upon the fight offb
great a Tempeft, to ftrikeSail; and fo changing
their former Determination, and laying down their
Arms, craved Pardon of the Arch-duke j who
gracioufly granted it them, and fo took them to
his Mercy j yet with Condition, that they fhould
again return unto their Garrifons, and deliver into
his hands the Ring-leaders and chief Authors of
that Mutiny, to be punifhed according to their Deferts,
as afterwards they were: the ordinary end
of luch infolcnt and difordered Actions, which have
nothing affured unto them but Death, which ( all
things elfe failing ) attendeth only upon them.
But while the Chriftians, thus divided, were at
variance among themfelves, the Turks were ready
enough to take advantage of fuch their dangerousDifcord.
And firftof all, Zetiafy, the old Rebel,
but now Govemour of Temefirar, having in
his crafty Head plotted the taking of the City of
Lippa by furprife, and to that purpofe gathering
thegreateft Power that he was able to make, in
the-Evening fet forward from Te/ne/war 3 and fo
travelling by Night, came to Lippa-, unto thu
Walls whereof he planted fcaling Ladders, and at]
the fame time laboured to have forced the Gates,
in hope fo to haye gained the Town; which was
done with fuch a terrible Noife and Outcry as was
poflible by the Turks to be made, after that they
were once djlcovered, thereby to have difmayed
the Chriftians within; the Town; who, well acquainted
with fuch Stratagems of their Enemies,
and now therewith awaked, came readily to the
Walls, and there lb well defended themfelves
and their Town, that the Turks repulfcd, were
glad to give over the Aflault, and having loft a 1604
number of their men, with all fpeed to retire I H H
upon whom, the Chriftians fallyiog out, flewmany
of them in that their difordered Retreat, little
differing from plain flight, and took many more
of them Prifbnersj yea Zeltaiy 3 who not many
hours before had thought to have furptifed Lippa,
was now glad himfelf to have recovered the
Walls of Temejwar. Some of the Turks that I
were there taken Prifoncrs being examined, reported,
That the Army that was this Year to
come into Hungary r , was like to be very great, and
that a part thereof was now come to Belgrade^ expecting
there the coming of the tartars ^ who
were together with them to enter into Hungary %
and that by reafon of the Wars with the Perfian,
which devoured almoft all the Souldiers in GOT- ]
\fhaminople s and yet could not be therewith fatisfied*
the Great Sultan had commanded, That
all fuch as were able to bear Arms, as well in
Bofna, as in that part of Hungary which was fubject
unto him, and in the other Provinces thereunto
adjoyning, fhould be ready to joyn with his •
Army in Hungary, forthe farthering of his Gonquefts
there: and that the Perfian King, profecuting
the courfe of his Victories, had overthrown
Cicala BaJJa with his Army, and taken his Son
Prifbner, almoft flain all his Troops, and entered
into Confederacy with Caracafe, chief of the Rebels
in Afta, z Man of great Power, who had following
of him a great number of valiant Men, all
refolutely fet down for the troubling of the Great
Sultan's "Effete.
About the lame time, the Govemour oiCajfo- Cajjhia in
via fa great and ftrong City in the upper part jhngMw
of Hungary) going forth, with fome good part JjJJiJ? 1
of his Garrifon, toappeafc the Souldiers lying a- the Turk*.
bout in the Country (but now up in Mutiny for
their Pay) and there fpending fome few days
about thisBufincfs, in fhewing of them the danger
of their Infolency, and perfuading them, by
the evil fuccefs and end of fuch-like Actions, to remm
again unto their Duties $ and they again to
the contrary obftinatcly urging the Payment of 1
their Pay. or elle to have leave to depart, as being
not able longer to continue without the one
or the other: and fb the time paffing, it fortuned
that certain Turks, then Prisoners in Cafovia, encouraged
by the Ablence of the Govemour and of
the Garrifon Souldiers, to attempt the gaining of
their Liberty, brake their Irons, and flew their
Keepers, in nope fo to have efcaped: but being in
the doing thereof discovered, and fo again furprifed
before they could do any farther hatm, and
upon Torture examined, By what means they ..]
thought to have efcaped out of the City, the Walls
thereof being kept with continual Sentinels * they
confcfTed, That their Purpofe was, the fame night
to have fet fireupon divers Places of the City (fo
to have drawn the People to the quenching thereof
) and at the fame rime to have flainthe Sentinels
upon the Walls, and fb to have made their
Efcape: for which their fo miichievous a Fact and
Purpofe, they were fome of them executed, and
the reft again committed to Prifon, and more
ftraitly kept and looked unto than before.
Now as Cafovia had, by the Providence of TheCin*-
God, efcaped fo great an intended Mifchief, G*- del of c*
rrifis at the fame time alone felt the evil hap by #» b 7
the Turks intended both to Cajfavia and Lippa; £j." ncc
for a Souldier of the Garrifon, in the Citadel
there, having, through Negligence or Mi/hap,
caft Fire into the Powder, provided forthe ftore
of the Caftle j the Powder taking fire, blew up the ' ;1
Cittadcl, the Towers, theHoufes, and Walls;
and, to be brief, made this poor place like unto
another Rome burnt by Nen. So that had any of
the
C
I

Achmat, eighth Emperour of the Twfy
New Tatnults
in
Trrnifdvn*
The labels
in
Trarifjlvan/*
furprifed
aba
toon,
1604 the Chriftian Forces been then qear unto the
place, it had been an ealic matter to have won
the fame, as well for the fmall refinance that was
therein to have been found in fo great an aftonifhment
of the Men, and Deftruction of the
Place. But fuch accidents have no.certain hours
limited to their Beginnings, nor aflurance of their
coming, fo thai they oftentimes chance, without
any man to make ufe of cheta 5 and again fly a-
way, when men make their greatest Preparations
to obtain them.
The Turks At the fame time, the Turks of Buda fent two
of Bud* hundred of the Souldicrs of their Garrifon to fetch
overthrow
,n the°chn- Chri
tnC doing thereof too prcfumptuous, fo were
in Forrage a little from Pffib» who, as they were
Aiansof ~ " '" they well punifhed for their Pride 5 for the Chri­
Ptfib.
ftians in 2V/f£, having difcovercd them in this Action,
{allied out upon them and charged them 5
againft whom they for a while right valiantly defended
themfelves, but at length, oppreffed with
number, and overthrown, they were mod of them
.{lain, and the reft taken Prifoners; wherewith the
Baflat)f Buda was fo much offended, that in Revenge
thereof, be in his Rage threatned with Fire
and Sword to do what harm he might unto the
Chriftians. But, as the common Proverb faith,
Men warned, are half armed $ and Enemies Threats
bring this Comfort with them, That in receiving
of the threatned harms, we are in hope to be revenged
thereof, as therefore before provided.
llnto thefe woful Troubles of Hungary, proceeding
as well from the Infolencies or the Chriftian
Souldiers themfelves, as from the Fury of
the Turks, who were their antient and mortal
Enemies, were joyned the like, or rather world
Calamities in Tranfiktania, extream Famine and
want of all things fore raging in both Countries 4
fo that hardly hath any Mifery or Extremity been
feen or read of, even in Countries by the jufl
and heavy Judgments of the Almighty God appointed
to Deftruction, which were not in thofe
two Countries to be found, and of many felt.
For remedy whereof, George Bafla, the emperours
Lieutenant in TranfiJvania t had there done
what he might for the appealing of the Tumults
and Troubles of that Province, and now of late
brought the e into forne good terms, as was
thought, and as is before declared. Howbeit,
that in proof k fell put far otherwife, and that
the more he therein laboured, the farther he was
off from his intent and purpofe ; for the Nobility
of that Province, who were generally inclined
unto Rebellion and 1 detcfting the Germans, together
with their Government, rejected the Decrees
and Orders which were agreed upon in their
late meeting together for the concluding of Peace j
inlbmuch, that affifted by the Turks, they had
taken certain Caftles ana ftiong Places in that
Province $ and the better to fupport their Rebellion
and Infolency, they had appointed a certain
Place to meet at, where the Turks and they
might conferr together of the means which they
intended for the effecting of their Defigns. Whereof
Batla having by fecret means got underftanding,
to remedy this pretended Mifcbief, he feat
away a great number of Haiducbs, to lye in wait
to furprife them upon the way. Which men,
who were skilful in the Paflages of the Country,
failed not in this Action, but lay clofe in ambufh,
very conveniently for die furprifing of their Enemies
; who, proceeding in their intended purpofe,
and thinking of nothing ids than of that which
was intended againft them, were fuddenly, before
they were aware, is and 1ranfitvanians s
altogether furprifed and flain. Which Exploit
being performed, thefe Haiducks and other Souldiers,
dcfiitute of their Pay, and imaged witfl
84?''
Fury, fell upon the Province, ufing therein all 1^04
Hoftility, as if they had been mortal Enemies w^v^unto
it i punifhing the guiltlefs for the guilty, The mUeand
ieifing upon all mens Goods in common, ^ranti/-
to pay themfelves that which was by fome few ° via a+
in private kept from them. All the whole Province
was fubjeft unto the Rage and Fury of
thofe and otner fuch mercilcfs men of War*
who, without any remorfc at all, indifferently
flew and maflacrcd all of them mat came in their
way ; but efpecially the poor and weak innocent
People, who called upon the Almighty God
for Remedy and Redrefs of thefe Evil* which
they fuftained, and cried out unto him for Revenge
of their fo great and cruel Wrongs. The
high ways were every where fo full of Thieves)
that no man could travel from Place to Place,buc
that he was in great danger to be fct upon, ana
fpoiled. For the Haiducks ( being men that live
altogether by Prey, and roaming up and down
the Country ) made good Prife and Booty of
whatfoever came in their way, Iparing neither
Turks nor Chriftians; infomueh, that they hearing,
how that the Zecekrs with a good Convoy
were bringing a number of Waggons laden
with Victuals, and a great many of Oxetf
and other Cartel to Claudianople^ although they
were of the fame Party, Belief, and Nation, yet
they lay in wait for them to fur prife them 5 a*,
gainft whom the Zecclers feeking to defend themfelves,
were by them cruelly maflacred, and their;
Waggons, with their Beeves and other Cartel,
all carried quite away. But what fhould we fay ?
Hunger breaketh even the ftone Walls, and
fbrceth men unto all Extremities a and now the
Famine in that Province was fuch, as that the
People were for the moil part glad to live by
feeding upon the Roots of Hearbs and Weeds,
and fuch other unwholefome things, whereof
great Mortality afterward enfued amongft them ;
which was the caufe that Hon*at s Captain of thefe Captain 1
Haiducki, being reproved for the Outrages by f&rwat's
them committed, and charged to take order, that j^Z"r e
no more fuch like fhould afterward be done; an- oftheawfwered,
That it was not poffible to keep Souldiers there were two of the Turks Spies of Buda the Twto
difcovercd and taken; who at Vienna had obfer- Spies of
ved all the Actions and Proceedings of the Chri- f?
ftians, and to the uttermoft of their Power had
informed themfelves of their De/igns, as alfo of
their Preparations and Forces to be raifed and levied
for this years Wars; of which two Spies, the
one was imployed,and the other kept in clofe and
ftraight Prifon, until that furchet matter might
be drawn out from him*
The Forces of the Chriftians were now begin-'
ning to gather themfelves together, and to make
an head in Hungary-, a rife report at that time
going, That they would forthwith take the held; -
whereof the Bafla of Buda underftanding, and
defirous in what he might to hinder that their
forwardnefs ( whereof he doubted the Effects)
thought it ben) to betake bimfelf to his old and
cunning Pradtife, for the treaty and concluding
of a Peace with the Chriftians, whereof he
now made (hew himfclf, together with the
reft of the Turks* to be very defirous $ fo by
putting the Chriftians in hope thereof, to make
them the more remifs and. negligent in their
doings, and to gain time of them, until that the
Turks great Army (then in preparing) might be
J&b&b'kb brought

8 4 4
Achmat, eighth Emferow of the Turfy.
brought down into Hungary. To which purpofe, and molt cruelly afterwards burnt the place; fb, 604
he id moft friendly manner thus writ unto the manifesting by their foul deeds the evil meaning *^e—*
Governour of Strigonium.
of their fair and deceitful Words. But now leaving
the Bafla for a while unto his crafty Devices,
XTTE fyiow right well ( Noble Governour )that and palling over many fmall Skirmifhcs which
tendhSie The Let VV you art not ignorant,how that your Brother, happened in Hungary and Tranfilvania, as not befeeming
the Gravity of an Hiftory, let us now out
Bafla ten of the Governour of Strigonium before #au 3 hath moji
Buda to eamejify embraced the Negotiation of Peace, in fuch of Europe look over into Afia, to fee how the Great
thcGover- j- m^ as tfj dt m cannot fo much yield unto our ordi-TurkstricMhoit. nary Quarrels and Vifenthn, hut that toe misgive The Rebellion in Afia was,by the coming over
Affairs there in the mean time went.
you to mderfiand the Caufes which have croffed and of Zellafy and his Followers, for a time fomewhat
hindered the concluding offo great a good-tjte lafhyear weakenedjbutnot fupprefled, that peltilenc Humour
of Difloyalty having before infected the
now puffed, the frfi Let came by rea/on of the time,
' chofen too late to be imployed in that "treaty for Peace, Minds of fo many, as that in fhort time after the
when of now both the Armies were already on foot, Rebels were much ftronger, and the Rebellion
and even in readmefs to joyn battel, and could not be much more dangerous than before j for the appearing
and repreffing whereof. Cicala Bafa, the old
then fiayed by that Jntreaty, nor be fent back again
Without fome exploit doing; each part had refifoed Renegade, a man of great Experience and Service,
Upon their proper Tiefigns, and even chofen their was as General fent over with a great and mighty
Ground fir Battel, and were then hardly to be turned
from that whereupon they were before refohed. feek for his Enemies, they being as ready as be, ei­
Army into Afia* where he needed not long to
And albeit, that during this lafk Winter, the Treaty ther to give or to-accept of Battel j Co mat for men
for the Peace was again begun, and that the men of fo on both fides refblved, it was no hardlmattcr
War on both fides in hope thereof,refied unarmed,and to bring them to the Tryal of Battel; which they
free from all Hofiility •, a moftfit time to have begun with like defire and equal hope joyning, there
and ended this Treaty of Peace, which hath been made a great and terrible fight, the Bafla fighting
fo much wiped for of otir Sovereign Emperour, defiredof
his SubjeHs, and requeued by thofe of your beit, thatat length the Bafla, after much bloodlhcd l&l^r 1
for his Honour, and the Rebel for his Life. How- cieAa
y
Emperour s, with whom my dread Sovereign would and great number on both fides (lain, being put 0" er .
confirm and contrail a firm and continual Peace ; to the worfe, fled with his Army altogether difor- thrown by
yet for all that, fince the departure of the Governour dered, and in routj having in finlt fo dangerous a * e Rtbda
from Strigonium, we fee three Months to.have been confufion of his People much ado to fave him- m A $**
pajfed without any Letters at all, or Mejfage by word lelf. With which lb fhameful an overthrow given
fo him by the Rebel, the Bafla, who was more
of Mouth brought unto us concerning this matter ;
that we have not any thing whereof to certifie our afhached than difcouraged, again repaired his Army,
joyning thereunto great and mighty Supplies,
Sovereign Emperour. And for afmuch as the courfe
of time hath brought thefe two contrary Armies even and fo flrengthnedj came now again the lecond
unto the point of Battel, and that they are marching
one of them to encounter with the other, and fo which he had before received, and utterly to fup-
time to revenge himfclf of the great dishonour
enter into the lifts of Honour, we have thought good prefs the Rebels 5 who, now finding themielves
before to defire to know of you, what we are to ex-topeft concerning the Peace: We therefore requefi you a Power, wifely betime retired, praying Aid of
weak to encounter with fo great and mighty
as our very good Brother and friend, in what we may the Perfian King, who fent unto them his own Son
tofiay the coming of our Armies into this Kingdom, with a great Army of good and valiant Souldiers \
and to attend to that which may produce the conclufion
of this Treaty, being on our part mofi rea­
to have flayed his bafte, and to have been well
which might have given the Bafla caufe enough
dy to lend both our care and defire to whatjbever advifed how he joyned Battel with fuch defperate
fioaU bejufi and meet in this Treaty and neceffa-anry for the common good ; befeecbingyou to believe flrong Supplies j but he, being blinded with the
refolute Enemies, and now back'd with fuch
Us in this Bufinefs, and not to doubt of our good Fury of his former lofs, and too much defirous to
Will, more affe&ed to your good, than is yours to be thereof revenged, with more hafte than good
our welfare ; whereof we in good time advert/fe fpeed came on, and joyned Battel With thefe his
you, for that our Army which is now before Belgrade,
being once arrived here* and marching in receive him. The two Armies were in number
Enemies, now >n read inefs and well provided to
Field, we .cannot poflibly caufe it to return without
fometbing doing, confidering the great harms, careful of themielves and of their welfare, as they
equal, but the Rebels of the two, more refolute and
which under the affurance of your Faith 9 given, which had repofed all their Hope and Confidence
we have received from your People during the time in their ownj Arms and Valour, fo that the Battel
of the Truce, which they have many ways violated'
Winch their evil deaSng bath greatly incen-
the one fide and on the other; in the beginning
was with great Outcries and Fury begun both on
fed us againfl your men in Captivity with us, and whereof the Turks right furioufly charged the Rebels,
and leemed fomewhat to prevail upon them,
cayfed our Souldiers to fhew great rigour againft
their Slaves t we therefore attend your Anfwer, and until that the Perfian Kings Son with certain
the return of your Brother, to the end we may together
refolve according unto Reqfon and Equity, them of in the Rereward, and fome other of the
Troops of his molt brave Horfemen charging
that which (hall be needful to be done for the common
good and
Rebels with like Fury aflailing them upon their'. v .
welfare.
Now for all this fair glofing, it was no hard
matter, to guefs at the Baflaes (caret meaning; for
how defirous foerer he fecmed to be of Peace, and
willing to the furtherance thereof, yet neVerthefe6>
true it is, that during the time of all thefe fair
thews, the Turks, baring aiTembled their Garrijons
on all fides, had by Night furprifed the Came
otShmin upon the Chriirians, flain part of the
SouHien therein, carried away the reft Prifoncrs,
Flanks, their whole Army was fo difordered, that cicA*
Cicala aoing what he could to have put his men a- **$ *'
gain in order,and fo to have reftored the battel,no- S^^CT "
thing therein prevailed, but wis glad,together with
the reft of bis *Army, now all in rout, to betake
himfclf to flight. In this Battel were 40000 Men on
the one fide and the other (lain, whereof thirty
thoufand were of the Baflaes Army, and the reft
of the Rebels ;who by this their fo great a Victory,
gained no Ids Honour and Reputation, than had
the old Bafla got of Contempt and Difgrace. The
Perfian

\i6o\
TheSuo-
Lcefs of the
Perfian
King.
Sultan
Achmat\
RKfiafc, eighth Emferour of the Turfy.
Perfian King alfb after this difcomfiturF of the
Turks, continuing his Conqucfts, took ia the
Country of Siruan (a matter of great importance)
being now deftitute of all relief by the overthrow
of Cicala Ba$a\ who, had he prevailed
againft the Rebels, ihould have marched thither
again ft the Perfian King, to have (rayed thecourfe
of his Victories? who now victorious and out of
fear, made head toward Arufia, a very great and
ftrong Town, near whcreunto the River Tigris
difchargeth it felf into the great River Euphrates,
which City he at Jaft won, with all the Places and
Countries thereunto adjoyning ; and hath finee,
as a moft happy and victorious Prince, again recovered
from the Turks whatfoever tbey had fincc
the time of Sultan Solyman by force of Arms taken
from the Perfian Kings his Predcceflors, two
or three ftrong Places only excepted* Of which
moft notable Wars betwixt thefe two of the moft
jnigbry Eaftern Princes, viz. the great Turk and
the Perfian King, I can rather wifn than hope to
be better informed,and chat, not lb much for Curiofity
( although that the Knowledge of fuch
matters yield unto fuch as be defirous thereof much
Pleafure, with no lefs Contentment) as for that
they ( though far off) in fbme fort much concern
thfe good and quiet of the Chriftian Common-
Weal, the Perfian Wars being the only means
whereby the fury of the Great Turkifh Sultan
hath been, and yet is, for a time averted from the
Chriftians in Europe upon the Perfians in A fa; as
it is greatly to be feared, that fome one or other
( if not more ) of the Chriftian Princes ncateft
unto him, fhall to their great coft and harm feel,
fb fbon as thefe two great Mahometan Princes,
fhall be at Peace between chemfelves- But leave
we the Baflaa while to grieve at bis overthrows,
and the Perfian King to triumph of thefe Victories,
and fee what the Great Sultan himfclf in
the mean time doth.
This young Prince Achmat, now one of the
greareft Monarch* of the World, had not many
Months reigned, but that he fell fick of the
fick of the
linailPo*. frnall Pox, wherewith, he having a grofs and full
Body,was fo fouly tormented for the fpacc of fourteen
days, that oftentimes fainting, it was generally
thought he would thereof have died ; yea,
divers of the great Baflaes were in fpecch concerning
his younger Brother to be taken out of
&m
the Seraglio to fueceed him; which was thought
would have coft the younger Brother his Life,
after that the Sultan his elder Brother was again
^i* • recovered; as no doubt it had, but that he was
the only Heir that was then left of the Othoman
Family, if that his Brother the Sultan fhould
have failed. But he again recovered of his foul
and childifh Difeafe, to fhew unto the Janizaries
•'.-
and others ( who doubted thereof) that he was
fo recovered, proudly mounted upon a goodly
Horfe, moft fumptuoufly fiirnifhed, and in great
P State and Magnificence rid up and down through
moft of the chief Streets ot the Imperial City,
the People (.as their accuftomed manner \& ) in
every Place as he went rejoycing to fee him, and
profecuting him with their moft joyful Acclama-
. tions, wifhing unto him a moft long and happy
Reign. Neither is it to be marvelled, feeing that
the Almighty God hath even in the Faces and
X. • Countenances of Princes ingraven fome rcfemblance
of his own, if they become refpc&uous
and admirable in die Eyes and fight of the common
People, who cannot but honour them with
their Voices, whom God hath blefled with his
Power, and other his extraordinary worldly
Bleflings. '•',""' J '"' r***\
: This young Prince, fo recovered of his Sicfcnefs,
and having fhewod himfclf unto his Subjects,
I began forthwith to give him felf ( according unto
f the heat of his youthful Spirit) immoderately
unto the Pleafure* of the Field, and other fuch
violent Exercifes, being in their moderate ufc
wholefome, but in their violences much hurtful,
but cfpecialiy upon the new .recovery of his late
Sickncls, the Griefs whereof came in baftc, but
were to leave him at leifure. Whereupon two
of his Baflaes, careful of his Health* were fo bold,
as out of their Love to reprove hinTfor fuch nisi
violent and immoderate Exercifes (the day not
being long enough for them ) and by effectual
Realons to diflwade him from the fame. But fo
far off was he from hearkening unto their wholefome
Pcrfwafions, as that to the contrary, he therewith
imaged, thruft them both out of their Places.
So dangerous a thing it is, even in Zeal and
Love to prefume to controul great Princes in their
moft vain Plea Hires 5 others, in the mean time not
loving them at all, but only for their own profit
attending upon their idle Appetites, enjoying the
Preferments due unto their more faithful and loyal
Subjects, and yet fecrerly in themfelves fimV
ling at the Vanity of fuch as by whom they be fo
unworthily honoured and promoted.
But as in'the immoderate ufe of all things there
is a facicty which breedeth a drffiking and dtflafte
of them (Pleafures being not by any means
more commended, than by their novelties and
feldom ufc ) fb this young Sultan Achmat, having
glutted himfelf with his Pleafures, began now to
caft his Eyes upon his other more neceffary Affairs
of State, but efperfally upon his Wars both with
the Chriftian Emperour and the Mahometan
Perfian King. Now he was not ignorant of the
great Valour and Sufficiency of Hajfan, the Vifier
Bafia, for the managing of his Wars in Hungary,
wherein he had of long time been excrcifed,
and fb therein beft experienced. This old Captain
pleafed him beft, whom, as an old, expert,
and politick General, he rcfolved to continue in
his charge as Lieutenant General of his Wars, in
Hungary, and by the continuation of him in fb
great and honourable a place, to bind him to all
loyal Services in thofe Wars, even to the uttermoft
of his Power. This Great BafTa was then
at Be/grade, upon the frontier of his Government,
in doubtful fufpence expecting the Refolution of
his Prince concerning this bufinefs,and yet in hope,
longing after a fecond charge; whofe longing defire
Achmat quickly fatisfied, by fending unto him)
both a Commiffion for the continuation of his
Charge and Dignity, and certain honourable Patents,
in token of his extraordinary Favour towards
him j which were, a Generals JEnfign,
with an Hungarian Mace of pure Gold. Now I
whether thefe Prefents, joyncd unto the continuation
of his Charge, were welcome unto him, or
not, ambitious Minds ( fuch as was his ) can cafily
tell; and he, to fhew his Contentment therewith,
gave thereof good Teftimony by the publick
Actions of Joy, caufing all the great Ordnance
of the Place in thundering wife to be oftentimes
difebarged, and the Trumpets and Drums
to be moft joyfully founded.
In the mean time, News was brought unto
Confiaminople, how that- the Perfian King, having
muftered his Men, was in the Field With above
an hundred thoufand good Souldiers, and that
Engages Bajfa, one of the great Rebels in Afia 9
had confederated himfelf with him, to the further
troubling of the Turks Eftate. Whereupon
Achmat, although he had before given order untr>
Ha fan, the Vifier BafTa his Lieutenant in Hungary^
for the befieging and taking oiVeradtnum, a ftrong
Qty in the upper Hungary ; now by a Mcflenger
lent in hafte, commanded the fame BafTa, all other
B b b b b b 2
bufineffes
m
1604
Good
Counfel
I taken ia
eril part
by Sultan
Achmat*
Iffafin
BaJJa appointed
Lieutenant
General of
the Turks
Wars in
Himgai).

846 Achmat, eighth Emferour of the ZWr%.
1604
Haffan
Baffa fent
for co
come to
Conflmimfk.
JVaJJan
Baffa continued
General
of the
Turks Army
againft
the Chriflians,and
Cicala appointed
General of
their Army
againft
the Per-
Jians.
bufineflesfet apart, with all the power that he many men marvel, why the Tartar Cham, being 1604
could make, forthwith to return to Conflantinople, fo great a Prince, and not much in danger unto vxv"*-'
there with him and the reft of the Baflacs ID confide
and refolvc upon the molt neccflary Wanand orEwr/w Sea ) fhould be ftill fo ready at the Turks SnKr
the Turk ( being feparated from him by the black W& Re *~
of the readieft means for the continuing of the call, tO do him fervice in his Wats ; the Caufcs chamhfo
lame. For albeit that the Turks were moll defirous
to have Wars with thcChriftians, and fo (it Their near Affinity ( as both defcended from the fcrve **
thereof are divers, and thofc not far to feck. Firft, ready to
it were poffible ) to have conquered the remain­
fame beginning) by often Marriages ftillconfirm- nThfe
ders of Hungary; yet the danger of the Ferfian
Wars and ofthc Rebellion in Afia daily more and
more increafing, fuffered them not wholly to attend
unto the Wars againft the Chriftiansin Hungary,
but drew them now into a doubtful Confultation,
which way firft to turn their Forces. But
the Bafla being come to Constantinople, the Grand
Seignior took the pains and did him the Honour
to come unto his Houfe 5 whither,the Counfel for
the State being afferoblcd, it was there moft proudly
refolved upon, even forthwith at one and the
(elf fame time with equal Forces to make War
both upon the Chriftian Emperour in Hungary,
and the Ferfian King in 4fo,accounting tbemfelves
Jftrong enough to fubdue and bringunder foot,
both the one and the other, no Power upon
Earth being, in their proud conceit of themfelves,
able to encounter or to withftand theirs. So for
the managing of thefe Wars, and of their fo proud
a Refolution to be performed in fo remote Parts
of the World, Ha fan Baft was continued in his
charge, as General of the Army in Hungary j and
Cicala Baffa was appointed to have the command
of the Army to be fent againft the Ferfian; two
moft expert Captains,- being to fight againft their
hereditary Enemies, Hafan againft the Chriftians,
and Cicala againft the Ferfians. by whom he had
not long before been evil ufed. An ordinary Policy
of the Otboman Emperours, not to commit the
charge of their Armies againft the Chriftians, unto
Renegades 5 for fear left they, touched with fome
remorfe of Confidence, might betray the fame, or
otherwife deal unfaithfully in their charge; but
frill to imploy them againft the FerfiansjAwhom
they have no further Knowledge, but as of their
Enemies in the Field. But Cicala Baffa. well acquainted
both with the difficulty and the danger
of the Ferfian War, (the fears whereof he yet
bare about with him) made fhewas if he had been
unwilling to take upon him the charge thereof;
and- fo begun to excufe himfelf, until that at
length, upon promife made unto him, for the fur-
Cicala Baffa
makcm
fhewas if
he were
unwilling
to be General
in
the Wars
againft the
ferfians.
nifhing of him with a fufficient Army, and all
things elfe neceflary for fo great a War, with a
large and moft honourable Entertainment for
himfelf, and all the Ferfian Prifoners being alfo
given unto him in reward; he therewith contented,
accepted of the honourable charge,whereof
in his ambitious mind he was indeed moft dcfirous.
And fo receiving the Generals Enfign,with
the other Marks and Cognizances of his Honour,
caufing the Drums to be ftrucken up, and the
Trumpets to be joyfully founded, he cheerfully
prepared himfelf for that his fo great an Expedition
5 expecting but the coming of his Son, who, at
the requeft of the Venetians, was gon forth with a
fleet of Gallics, to fcour the Levant Seas of the
Pyrats, who then exceedingly troubled the Traffick
of the Venetian Merchants.
Amid ftwhich the Turks fo great Defigns, the
tartar Cham, bound for his pay to ferve the Great
Turk in his Wars againft the Chriftians $ by his
Ambaffador excufed himfelf unto the Great Sultan,
for that he could not himfelf in Perfon come
this year with his Forces into Hungary\ by reaion
that he was otherwife neceflarily bulled with the
moft urgent Affairs of his own Eftatc 5 yet promifing
withal, inftead of himfelf, to fend his
Son 1 with a good power of men. Now whereas
ed 5 then, their likenefs of Manners and Condi- Wars a-
tion.no fmall Bonds of Love and Friendfhip; And gainftthe
thirdly, For that the Turkifh Empirc,for want of ChrUUaM.
Heirs males of the Otboman Family, is allured,
and as it were, entailed unto the Tartar Cbam\
but moft of all, for the yearly penfion and great
pay which he, being a bare Prince, receivcth from
the Turks $ his rude and needy People being alfo
ever ready, in hope of the fpoil, to follow him
into thefe Wars, cut this his excufe for not coming
himfelf this year into Hungary, being by the
Great Sultan accepted of, Hajfan Baft, refolved
upon his Expedition for Hungary, made great preparation
for the good fuccefs of the War there,
gave great hope thereof unto the Great Sultan,
and caufed himfelf to be proclaimed Lieutenant
General of all the Great Sultans Forces againft the
Chriftians 5 every man affording unto thefe good
hopes a thoufand Withes fot his Health and
Welfare ; but efpecially the Mahometan Priefts ,
aflured him of their help, fo that he would not
fail to do the utter moft of his Indeavour againft
the Chriftianstheir Enemies. For why, the Turks Haffkn
do account him the beft and moft zealous man, B #» ftt -
which can do the Chriftians moft harm. And fo ^J/J^
with thefe fo great Acclamations of Joy and Ho- his Army
nour, Hafan, the Great BafTa,fct forward with his toward
Army from Conftantinople toward Hungary, Htmtart*
The Chriftian Emperour, not ignorant of ail atanmiRthefe
the Turks great Preparations and haughty «• the
Defigns, fought by all means how to refift them, £•*!**?
fparing nothing that might any way ferve or Hand baflaior"
him in (lead to that purpofe. Experience had af- from the
lured him of the Popes readinels in contributing Emperour
to this Action, what in his power was; having *""°the
before received fo many Teftimonies of his good crave'hfe
Will. Which caufed him now to difpatch alfo his Aid againft
Brother Maximilian the Arch-duke, a good and the Turk,
devout Prince, unto him, with exptefs charge in
the Emperours Name to yield all Submiffion unto
his Holinefs, to move him to relieve the woful
Eftate of hisdiftreffed Affairs. Maximilian, fetting
forward about this bufinefs, arrived at Venice^
where he was by that State right honourably entertained.
From Venice he travelling towards
fowl, and with a great retinue approaching the
City, was there-met by a great number of Noblemen,
with their Followers, fent from the Pope,
and fo by them with great Honour was brought
into the Vaticane Palace, to the intent that fo he
might the oftener and with more cafe have accefs
unto the Pope, who then lay there fick of the
Gout. The next day, he being brought into the
Popes Pretence, and after ufual Reverence done,
having audience given him, in the Prefence of
all the Cardinals he began to deliver unto him
the Caufcs of his coming j which ( as he laid }
were two $ Firft, to put his Holinefs in remembrance
of the manifeft peril and danger which
hung over the heads of the Chriftians in general,
from the Turk, but efpecially over them of Itafy,
being fo near unto the Turkifh Empire, and a
great gap laid open for the Turks thereinto to enter,
by the way of Canifia, the Key of Stiria.
And then in the Emperours behalf to requeft him
to ftretch forthhis helping hand againft this hi?
mortal Enemy, who was now drawing all his
Power together into one bead, to deftroy hun;
having certain underftanding of the great Prepa-
ration
• '

jtxcnmat, eighth Emferonr of the Turfy*
1604 ration by him made throughout all his Domioi-
^ V ^ ons, co tnruft him out of his, if in thefe Extremities
he were not relieved by fuch Princes as could
not in the end themfelves avoid the laft Violences
of thefe harms* whereof he felt the firft Aflauks.
Which hisHolinefs eonfidering, in the zeal of his
Devotion, and by the increasing of the danger,
he was in hope to find of it the like Aiiiftanee in
this his fecond need, that he had before received
in his former Affairs; the precious balm of his devout
Charity being or greater Vertue than to ferve
but for one time, but being of fufficient Power to
ferve for all Ages, and all tunes of Neceffity. And
that therefore he bcfoughthisHolinefs to apply the
lame upon the prefent Wound, feeing that without
bis help he was more like to perifh than to live;
fhe,Pope's Whereunto the Pope anfwered, That his former •
Anfw "
Actions already patted, fpakc enough for him in
fitlopfr
tn * s -A&lon to manifeft his devout meaning; fo
rounDe- that it was needleis for him to ufe farther Words
tnaods. to exprefs the fame; that the great Supplies both
of Men and Money which he bad lent forth for
the good of the Chriftian Commonweal, were the
fure Teftimonies of his carefulnefs for the fame.
And albeit that thefe evil Haps had fo far prevailed
in Hungaryi yet that he for his part neverthelefs
had ftfll done what he might for the remedying
of thofe fo great Evils. And that now by the
Advice of his honourable Councilors there prefent.
he had appointed an hundred and fifty thousand
Crowns to be paid toward the maintenance of
ES ^
the Chriftian Army in Hungary this Year; in hope
to do more than that afterward for the Emperour
in his Wars againft the Turks; whom God had
(as he (aid) funcred to prevail upon the Chriftians,
not for any (GJoodncfs that was in them, but for
the chaftifing of the Wickcdnefs of the Chriftians
themfelves*
Which fum of an hundred and fifty thoufand
Crowns was afterwardL according to a Decree
ma*de by the Pope and Cardinals, levied and paid
of the Tenths of the Clergy throughout all Italy.
And fo Maximilian the Arch-duke, molt magnificently
entertained and feafted by the Pope, and by
him rewarded with four thoufand Crowns, having
well difpached the Bufinefs he came for, re-J
turned again unto the Emperour bis Brother.
But as the Chriftian Emperour was thus careful
about his Provifions for the withftanding of the
Turks, they were not any whit behind him in
augmenting of their Forces for the invading on
him* And now the Tartars in great number being
v i w
aD0UC c0 corue unto their Aid into Hungary., being
fpoiled by denied Paflage by the Polanians, had turned head
tfKr.tr- towards Valachia i with a purpofe by force and
•w. , ftrong-hand to get that of thefe weak People which
the Power of the ftronger had embarred them of.
And fo, prcfuming upon their number, they entered
into the fame Province, which they all over
rifled and fpoiled at their Pleafure. Where, fuch
of the Country-people as could efcape their Fury,
fled into the Towns, leaving their Goods, behind
them unto their mercilefs Rage, not with any
_ la the mean time, two Traitors Were brought to
Ckudinoj>!e 3 who, having by wonderful Craft fur-
! nrifed a ftrong Caftle belonging unto a certain great ^____
Lady, a Widow, near unto a Burrough called
Carafihy and rifled and lacked the fame, traitcroufly
afterward fold it unto the Turks, to the
great hurt of the Emperout's Subjects near unto the
place, and the no lets advantage of the Turks.
Whereof the Haiducks harving gotten underftand- The tofts
ing, and cunningin fuch matters, upon the fud- |" ur P» fcd
den furprifed the Turks by the way. as they were 2£S*f*
coming to have taken PoiTeffion of the Place; who
feeing themfelves too weak to Withftand their Enemies,
and out of hope tofave themfelves by flight,
were there, as men difmayed and appointed to the
Slaughter, moll of them by the Haiducks cut in '
pieces, and the reft taken Prifoners. The two
Traitors being, according to their Deferts, for
their fhamefui Treachery, moft cruelly put to
Death, to the terror of others.
The Haiducks, having no Houfes but the Fields, ^he &&.
nor other Trade but their Arms, fpoiled of the

848 Achmat, eighth Emperour of the Turfy
The Caftie
of Renin
furprifed
by the
Htdducks.
Petrinia in
danger to
have been
betrayed
unto die
Turks.
to benefit therofclves, and to hurt us. For even
in that fame very time they fortified their Towns
and Caflles with Men and Vi6mals, but efperially
the City of Budt, wfiereinto, by a Convoy of
three thousand Turks come from Belgrade, they
put an exceeding quantity of all forts of ncceflary
Provifion, fufficient to fcrve the fame for a whole
Year. Betides that, it was certainly known, by
certain Turks taken Prifoners and brought to Pofconium,
that all this Parle and Treaty of Peace
was but of purpofe feigned to put the Chriitians in
fecurity j for that the Bafla 01 Bnda 9 who was the
chief Publifher of the fame, had no fuch Commiffion
from the Great Sultan for the concluding of
any Peace in the Abfence of the Vifier Bafla, unto
whom the Grand Seignior had given Charge,
not to make any Peace with the Empcrour, but
upon Condition, That he fhould fjrft deliver unto
him the City of Strigonium: which if he would
not yield, that then he fhould befiegc it, and by
force take it from him j'and after the winning
thereof, to tefufe all other Tieaty of Peace, it being
the only Caufe for which the Turks defired
Peace. Of all which their double dealing and
crafty Defigos the Empcrour understanding, and
wholly refolved for War, prefently fent County
Sultze with Commillion to Vienna, and appointed
George Bafla Licutenant-Geheral of his Army in
Hungary; adviling them carefully to look to their
Charge, and not too much to truft unto the glofing
and flattering Speeches of the Turks.
The Haiduc\s in the mean time always in
Arms, as having no other Inheritance whereon to
live, ccafed not (till to look abroad to find that
was never loft. Now it fortuned them, in roaming
abroad toward Be/grade, to light upon Reovin 3
a Wrong and fair Cattle of the Turks, wherein
eight hundred of the Turks Souldiers, and other
or their Country people, had their Abode, together
with the greater! part of their Subftance. In
the Strength of which Caftle the Turks trailing,
and there lying in Security, without farther care
of their Safety, were upon the fudden, before they
were aware, by thefe adventurous men furprifed j
who for hafte thrufting one another forward, at
length carried the Place, flew the greateft part of
the Turks, and taking the reft, Prifoners, with a
great and rich Booty returned to Lippa. The like
exploit they of the Garrifon of Canifia attempted
upon the Caftle and Burrough oihambae. which
they took and fpoiled, and afterwards fet it on
fire; the Flame whereof ferved for a Signal unto
the Troops of County Serin 3 which, paffing that
way, and lighting upon the Turks over-loaded
with the Spoils they had there taken, cut them in
pieces, and fo recovered from them the Booty.
m About this time, certain of the Garrifon Souldiers
of Petrinia, having fecrctly confpired with
the Turks (by whom they were before corrupted)
to deliver unto them that ftrong Caftle: and being
about to have betrayed the fame, by a Mine
which they were in making under a Stable near unto
aStore-houfe wherein the Powder for the Store
of the Caftle lay, with a purpofe by firing of the
fame to have given the Turks entrance by the
Ruincs thereof, who lay clofe hidden in a Wood
near unto the Place ; it fortuned this their wicked
Purpofe to be perceived by certain Offenders then
kept Prifoners in the fame Stable near unto the
Mine: who having difcovered the Traitors whole
Purpofe, and in fear to be burned or blown up by
the furv of. the Mine fo near unto them, difcovered
the fame unto the Goaler, who made the Govcrnour
therewith acquainted; by whofe Com.
mandmenc they were forthwith apprehended; and
being convicted of their fofoul a Treafon, were
with exemplary Punifhment executed.
Now as the Turks had oftentimes made (hew
as if they bad been defirous of Peace, fo ccafed
they not yet with great earneftnefs to lollicitc the
fame; fo that the Empcrour, although be knew it
to be a thing rather to be wiflied than hoped tor,
yetj left he fhould fecm carclefs of the common
Quiet of his Subjects and People, and to refute fo
great a good fo oftentimes offered him; now once
again appointed certain Perfonages of great Place
and Authority to attend the Propofitions of Peace
to be on the Turks behalf propounded. Of which
Commiffioners, Ca/ar Gat/en, SherifFof Strtgonmm t
an Italian, and a Man of great experience in matters
of State, was one. Whom the Governour of
Strigonium had of purpofe font to Pcflh, to confider
of tome good means for the concluding of the
Peace, whereof he himfelf in Perfon had laid the
firft Foundation j and underftood the lurks Demands
and Pretentions, not much differing from
thofe which they had many times before demanded.
Whereof the firft was, That the Emperour
fhould for the time to come, well and truly pay
unto the Great Sultan and his Succeffors, all Inch
Tribute as he was wont to pay unto the Turkifh
Emperour?, his PredecefTors, during the time of his
Leagues with them, and that without any Demand
to be thereof made. The fecond, That
the Emperour fhould always have his Ambaflador
Lieger at the Great Sultan's Court, with honourable
Prefents, there to folJicite the Continuation of
his Love and Friendfhip toward the Emperour his
Matter. The third, That the Emperour fhould
deliver unto the Turks all the Towns and Caftlesj
which he had taken from them either by Force or
by Surprife, during the time of this War. together
with the Countries of Iranfiivania and Va/dcbia.
Upon which Demands granted, they promifed
to lend a. Meflcnger unto the Great Sultan,
in their Names to entreat him to furrendcr Canifia
unto the Emperour, but not Agria 3 which (as
they (aid ) they might in no wife deliver, except
they were thereunto by force of Arms conftrained.
Unto which their fo proud and Unreafonable
Demands, the Commiffioners for the Emperour
anfwercd, That the Emperour long before this
time had made Peace with Sultan Sefym, the Second
of that Name, and with Sultan Amuraththe
Third, this Sultan Acbmat's PredecefTors. An affured
Peace, fworn unto and confirmed by all the
juft and folemn Oaths that could have been by
any man defired; and for the more affurance
thereof, into writing conceived, and with themoft
authentick Seals of their Majefties confirmed 5
whereby both Parties were moft fcvcrely and
ftraitly forbidden, one of them to attempt any
thing againft the other, or to incroach the one of
them upon the other, during the time of fuch their
League: And if fo be that contrary to the Tenor
thereof, either part fhould undertake to furprife
any Place belonging to the other, and fo become
Matters "thereof, that upon the leaft Requeft of
the Party fo wronged, the Places furprifed fhould
be again forthwith rcftored, as ulurped upon, contrary
to the Publick Faith; and the Usurpers to
be feverely for the fame punifhed. And that yet
the Turks notwithftanding, thrufting by heaps, beyond
the Bars of this fo ftrong and holy a League,
had violated and broken the fame, by furprifing
a number of Places both in the high and lower
Countries of Hungary, never giving ear unto any
Speech or Requeft that could be made unto them
for the Reftitutton thereof. And yet not fo contented,
had alio taken a number of Places from
the Emperour in Sclavonia > between the Rivers of
Culpe and Vrrna-, which Places he had often times
by as juft Right re-demanded, as they were by
unjuft
1004
The infolent
and
unreafonable
Demands
of
the Turks
for the •
concluding
of a Peace
with the
ChriftiiuiSi
The An*
fiver of
the Empe*
row's Deputies
unto
the
Turks
proud Demands.

io>>4
|fhe Turks
fcorn and
'-'deride the
freafonable
kAnfwer of
I the Empelour's
poftinuifi*
oners.
n
ftameful
Cowardife
of Jaeenrenter,
Govemom
of
m/itfi
Achmat, eighth Emperew of the Tarty.
unjuft Forces ufurped, before the beginning of
theft Wars* Demands efteemed jure and reafonable
even by the Turks themfelves, and yet for all
that altogether rejected by the Great Sultans themfelves;
of which their fo great Injuftice the Empcrour
had oftentimes moft juftly complained,
and fo did even ac this day, at the feeling of fuch
his Hurts and Harms. And that the Emperour,
having by fo many perfidious dealings made proof
of the llnrruftinefs of the Grand Seignior's PredeceiTors,
what AfTurance then can he conceive of
his Fidelity? or upon what foundation of Faith
can he build the fure building of Peace, to much
defircd of him? And yet if he might hope fo
much of the Faith of another Man, as he is allured
of his own juffr meaning, differing much from
that of the Grand Seignior's, which he knew to
be never anfwerable unto his, that he for his pare
could be well content to embrace the Peace; provided
always, That he might have Canifia arid
jfgria delivered unto him; or, That if they would
needs trill hold thofe Places, that he might likewife
in Peace hold the Places that he had before
won in-that War, the Reaforis being on both
fides alike. And that as concerning Tranfifoania]
he could not deliver that without betraying of his
own Right, and the Welfare of that Province;
having obtained the fame as well by Agreements
and Covenants between him and the Son of the
laft Duke, Jobn 3 as by the free and* voluntary Releafment
which Sigijmund Bat/lor? the laft and immediate
Prince/hcreof, had not long before made
unto him: for the defence of which his Rights,
he had fpent many Men, and great Sums of Money,
and all for the keeping of that Province by
force of Arms, which by fo good Right belonged
unto him. And' that for Valacbia i he could be
content to yield fome part of his Right unto- that
Province, to that the Turks fhould ceafe from
thenceforth to demand of him any yearly Tribute,
or that he fhould, as of ordinary Duty, fend
his Ambafladors with yearly Prefects to the Grand
Seignior, cot being able, without need, to content
unto fuch a nccdlcfs Servitude; feeing that
every Prince ought to be at liberty, at his own
choice to fend his AmbafTadors, and not at the appointment
of another Man.
Which Anfwer of the Emperour's Commiffipncrs,
ferved to no other purpofe, but for the Turks
to laugh and fport at, now juft and reafonable ibever
they were: Mill preffing them to yield unto
their unreafbnable Demands; or elfe threatning to
advertife the Great Sultan thereof, who by force
would take that from them>, to their farther lots,
which they refuted to grant him by fair means, to
their own good. And fo the Treaty was for that
time broken off, without any thing concluded:
which caufed the Governour of Strigoniwi to retire
himfelf back again unto his Charge; yet for
all that, leaving Gdfar G alien behind him, to entertain
it,in fuch fmaJl hope as was thereof yet left;
who afterwards feeing it almoft defperatc, making
a great Feaft unto certain of the chief of the Turks
of Buda t and having in that Merriment drawn
from them a Promife to live as Friends with them
of the Garrifon of iV/f£, and of other Places which
lay near unto that Town, he retired himfelf afterwards
unto m alio.
Shortly after whofe Departure, Jjgenreuter^ Governour
of P< notwithstanding the late Promises
of the Turks of Buda. for their living by him
in Peace and'Amity; and the tired Promife of
Ctefar Galkn, at his laft Departure, for the fpeedy
furnifhing of the Town both with Men and all
things ehe neceflary for the Defence thereof, which
he ought with great AfTurance eo have expected,
yet, difmayed with (he brute of the coming of
Ha fan Bafa t the Turks General, with his great
j Army, and that by the ftrait Commandment of
; the great Sultan, he was to begin his Conquers in
[ Hungary with the winning of Pefib; as a Man a-
fraid of his own fhadow, thought good berime to
provide for himfelf; and upon that itefqlucioa,
[ having yet teen no Enemy at all to force him,-
I trufling up his Baggage, the fifth of September for-
| fook the Town, with five Companies of Footmen,
and fix Troops, of Horfc-meni following
[ him; a fuffieient number to have for a time defendedtfhe
Town, and endured a Siege, especially
in fo ffrong a Placc ? and fo well provided both of
Victuals and Munition- All which, this moft
cowardly Governour (but unworthy that Name)
left together with his Honour, for a Prey unto his
Enemies 5 having yet before his Departure out of
the Town, caufed the principal Buildings thereof
to be undermined, and Barrels of Gun-powder
to be laid under them, wherewith they were
fhortly after all overthrown, and moft part of the
Town burnt. But being gone not part half a
League from the Place, he met with four hundred
Haiducks t all well armed, whom the Governour
o( Strigonium had fent for the relief of Pefth, with
a number of Boats Jdaded with Corn, Munition,
and other Neceflaries of all torts, for the better affurance
of the Place, and the performing of the
Promife before to that end made by the Governour
of Strigonium: which Hungarian Haiducks
meeting with thefe difmayed Cowards upon the
ways thought it not heft to go any farther, as
thinking themfelves not able to do that With their
fo (mall a number, which the other durft not to
undertake with their far greater 3 and to joyning
themfelves with the other fearful Fugitives, they
with them returned to Strigoniumt leaving their
VefTels and Munitions unto their Enemies, "Mho
immediately after feifed upon them.
The next day after, the Mines having, taken
PeBb taken
by the
their effect, the Turks wondering to fee to great
and terrible a Fire in Ptftb, which frill more and Turks.
more increafed, there being none that went about
to quench it, adventured to come over the Raver
from Buda, and to draw near unto the Town, cow
all on a light fire. Which they finding abandoned
and forfaken by the Chriftians, they with
great diligence quenched, repaired the Ruines of
the Town, and fo without any lofs became Maftersof
the fame.
Jagenreuter t the cowardly late Governour, with,
his fearful Troops, in rhe mean time coming to fagenrati
Mr for his
Strigonium, and by the Governour there examined Cowardife
of the Caufcs of his Flight, and of the fo fhameful worthily
leaving of his Charge, and being able to alledge committed 1
no other Caufe or Reafon, but the great brute to Prifon,
and report of the Vifier Bafla's coming with his
Army to befiege the Town, was therefore committed
to Prifon, and there referved to be afterward
juftly punifhed for his.Difloyalty and Cowardife.
The Bafla of Buda, by the Cowardife of the
Governour, thuspoftefTcdofP^, by Letters cxcufed
himfelf unto the Governour of Strigonium^
for the taking thereof, the Treaty of Peace being
not as yet quite broken off; alledging for himfelf
(as the truth was) That he had taken it as a Place
by the Chriftians upon a vain fear forfaken, and
defperately fee on fire, without any fuch caufe given
them fo to do by the Turks, or on his behalf.
And farther, offered unto the Governour, if he
to pleafed, to deal with him for the exchange of
Pritbncrs on both fides taken, offering to exchange
one of them for another. And as for the concluding
of the Peace fo oftentimes treated of, and even
yet in hand, that he for his part was wonderful defirous
chat it 01ighc.be folly concluded and etuJftf*
Defoe
84c,
/5o4
PcBb mod
fluimefully
abandoned
by the
Chriftians*
The Bafla
of Buda
excufetb
himfelf for
the taking
of PeBb,

850 Achmat, eighth Emferour of the 7"«r^f.
1604
ffaftm
Bajjkay
merit into
Hmgarj,
before the Arrival of Hajfan the Vifier Bafta with |
his Array in Hungary i for that he being once
come, there would then be no time amidlt the
noife of fo many Weapons, and fo many men of
War, to talk of Peace. . . „ ,
Haffan y the Vifier Bafla, was now for all that
already entered into Hungary, drawing after him
a world of men, and was come towards Sexart;
for the viewing of which Army, the Goyernour
diTallanmargovag forth with an hundred Horiemen,
by evil hap chanced, before he was aware,
upon the fudden to meet with five hundredMurks,
by the Bafla himfelf likewife fent forth to difcover
the Country, and the Paflagcs thereof: by whom
he charged, and with the multitude of his Enemies
oppreffed, was himfelf taken Prifoner, molt
of His men being in that Conflict flam, tome few
of them that were left alive by fpeedy flight hardly
efcaping. Which evil hap on the Chriftians
fide, was forthwith recompensed with the better
Succefcof the County Serin, who falling upon three
hundred Turks near unto Sigetb, being in number
fcarcc half fo many as they., yet let upon them
with fuch Courage, that giving them no tenure
to confider of the Weaknefs of his Forces, fhey
were by them overthrown and cut in pieces, before
they were well aware of him.
But. together with the time of/the Year, to come
unto the main point of thefe prefent Wars in Hungary
j The Turks, finding themfclves out of hope
by any Capitulations or Treaties of Peace to regain
the ftrong Town of Strigonium out of the
hands of the Chriftians, were, now tefolved toimploy
the uttermoft of their Forces for the obtaining
of the feme; with a thoufand Proteftations,
That if by force of Arms and ftrong-hand they
(hould gain the Place, they would never more
hare Peace with the Chriftians: At which their
vain Threats and Speeches, the Chriftians, before
refolucely fet down for the defending of the Place
by them to much defircd, and well acquainted
with their great Brags, could not but with (corn
' (mile, as men nothing therewith difmayed, not
fo lb be removed: neverthelefs, the Baffa, conitant
in his Refolution for the regaining Strigonium
y with all his Forces came the eighteenth day
of September, and laid Siege unto it. Now unto
sMgonhm this-Sicge, the Turks, in hope of Spoil and Booty,
i*ficged came nocking from all Places, as it had been to
by die fome great Mart; and the Fields in all the Country
thereabout were covered and fwarmed with
Turks.
Arms, Men, Horfes, and Tents. They incamped
near unto Charles's Hill, taking up with their
Tents half a League of the Country round about;
and at their firft coming moft bravely advanced
their Enfigns with their Half Moons, the Arms of
their ftill encreafing Empire. Whom the Befiegcd
in this Action imitated, bravely advancing their
Enfigns upon their Walls, as did the Turks in
the Fields; and farther braving and provoking
them with a thoufand thundring Shot, discharged
out of the Town amongft them. All the Walls
round about the Town gfiftered with Arms and
flames of Fire, out of which the deadly Bullets
flew, carrying with them Death and Terror into
the midft of thefe new-come Enemies, for their
Welcome. The Turks nevertheless came ftill refolutely
on, and as men prodigal of their Lives
even in the midft of fo many dangers, began to
kfaChri- make their Approaches. Upon whom, the Chri­
ofthc Fort, caufed them, after a (harp and bloody °f ** Forl
ftians rally ftians with great Courage fallied forth, to difturb Conflict, and not without fome lofs on both fides, jJJ tTh *
fonh upon them in their Works; and tofor the (pace of certbe
Turks. a^ nours naving bad with them an hot and fharp whereupon they wereincamped. But in purfuing ^fa/awt
to retire back again, and to forfakc, the Mount
Skirmifh, without any great huct received, retired
again into the Town, leaving; unto their Ene-
before by the Turks for that purpofe laid to in- Ambu/h
of them too far, they fell into a great Ambufli, u, g intoa j,
of
raies, bv that they had done, a good Testimony
of their Valour and Refolution. The Turks for
all that lodged themfclves, made their Trenches, 1604
and fo intamped before the Mount of Saint Iho- v-'V"-'
mas. where, by the placing of their Cannon, they
well declared their meaning for the battering of
that Fort.
Againft Which theit Dcfigns, George Bafta, The care.
Lieu tenant-General of the Imperial Army, right ft 'l Rn *F*"
refolutely oppofed himfelf, having near unto g^

1004
More than
beaftly
Cruelty
eSercued
by die
Turks upon
the
dead Body
of County
Holenltfh.
Natctitn
moft
fhameruUy
forfiken
by die
Chriftians,
j. iiuiucii:; eifffto nmffrour of the Turhi 8 5 *
fhnding upon their Valour and Honour. Until
chat in fine, Valour by Number being opprefled,
feven hundred of the Turks being flain,the Chriftians
were inforccd to retire* having loir about
an hundred of their Men, and arnongft them the
valiant County Cafi/air of Holenldthy lor whole
Body there WAS a notable Fight betwixt the Cilriflians
and the Turks, not much unlike unto that
which the Poet Homer defcribeth, to have been
tight betwixt the Trojans and the Greek* j for
the Body of fatrochu. Howbeit that at length
the Chriftians, being over-charged with the coming
on of the whole Army .of the Turks, were
glad (as I (aid ) to retire, and fo to leave the dead
Body of the County Cafimir in the power of their
mercilefs Enemies; who as Dogs which revenge
themfelves upon.'the Stones which are t at
I them, being not able to bite the hands of them
that threw them, fo did they upon the Body of
this gentle Knight, by cutting off his Nofe and
Ears, and afterwards his Head. But within fome
few days after, this Body fo-disfjgured was again
delivered unto the Cbriftians for a Turk of good
account, who was about that time by them taken
Prifoncr. At which.time the Turks leemed to
be very defirous of Peace, moft earneftly requeuing
County Frederick of Hoienloth C the flain
County's Brother) not to be an hinderer thereof.
Howbeit that this was but one of their old.
Practices, depending ftillupon unreasonable Conditions,
whereof the yielding up of Strigonwm
m one of the chiefeft, as the Place by them moft
defired.
But if this Siege of the Turks availed them not
againft the Place befieged, yet was it profitable
fo them againft another Place, by them not at-
* tempted, which was the ftrongTown of Hdwati,
more fubject unto fear, without any danger, than
was Strigonium unto the Bullets and Battery of the
In which Confli6r,abovc a thoufand of them being 1 tfoi
pain, and a thoufand of Horfes of Service taken, v ^ J
the reft fled 5 arnongft whom, Bethlin himfeJf,with
his Baffa flying, were glad by fwimroing to fave
themfelves amidft a thoufand Chances and Dangers
of their Live?.
The Bafla of Teme/war advertifed of this SuccouW
Overthrew by one of them that was fled from fcnttothe
the fame, prcfently he fent forth his Lieutenant Wty
with a good number of men, to relieve the-van- STigg
quitted Turks: who, by the way urjdcrftand- ».«, demg
of the general (Overthrow of them whom f«'edby
he was fent forth to relieve, as alfo of the Strength J c ^? un^
of his Enemies, and that he was come too late Jni" the'
to the relief of his Friends, retired as faft as he Bafla's
could with his men back again homeward toward Lieutenant
lemefmar. But being in their Retreat difcover- flain * i
ed, and hotly purfued by thefe men, imbrued
with the Blood of their Enemies, and yet breathing
with Victory, they were by them overtaken
even almoft at the Gates of their City, and there
("as men before overcome with fear, and overwhelmed
with defpair).icut in pieces, without any
Fight or Refinance by them made, befecming
men of their fort; the lieutenant himfelf being
there {lain alfov
After which Exploits done, the County turning
towards Ju/a, chanced to light upon certain
Companies of Turks, loaded with Booty, which
they had got in roaming abroad into the Coun*
try thereabout, whom he purfued even unto the
(sates of the Town, which they found fhut againft
them; for that they within the Town, feeing
the Cbriftians even at the heels of their Companiens,
had fhut their Gates, neither durft now £]f a ^E
open the fame, for fear left the Cbriftians fhould, eth to gain'l
together with them, enter the Town, and fo be- strigmm
come Mailers thereof. Who, fo {but out by their °y offering
own Friends, were there all by the Chriftians .chriffian*
Turks, with juftcaufeof diftruft. For the Souldilers
which Jayjhere in Garrifon, terrified with the daring to let them in, nor able to relieve them.
flain, even in the fight of their Companions, not p cace .
Siege of Strigonium. and doubting left the Turks After which MalTacre done, the Chriftians not
leaving that Siege, mould come and befiege them, yet focontented, burnt the Suburbs of the Town,
tii up their Bag and Baggage, the Nineteenth and fo, loaded with the Spoils of their Enemies,
of September abandoned the Place, and carrying departed. The County,after fo many honourable
Exploits in a fmall rimeby him performed,
away with them the beft of the Great Ordnance,
left the reft altogether with the Place, and great returned to tippa, Where he arrived the fiveand
ftorc of Provision, unto the Enemy, not in hope twentieth of September, and from thence afterward
advertifinc BaHoj the Empcroui's Lieutenant.
of any fuch matter.
The bruit of the Siege of Strigonium had called General, of theie his Exploits done, caufed ten of
thither all the Forces or both Parties in Hungary, the Turks Enfigns, all ftained With their own:
and the Countries thereabouts, on the one fide for Blood, to be prefented unto him, as the furc Tokens
of his good Service done.
the winning thereof, and on the other for the defence
of the fame. Arnongft others, the County
But to return again unto the Siege of Strigdnium,
the greateft Exploit by the Turks intend­
of Tantbier, Govcrnour of Lippa, was about to
have gone thither with certain of his Troops to ed, forthis Year, from which we have from*
have aided his General for the Prefervation of the occurrent of the fame time a little ftrayed.
The Vifier Baffa, .perceiving by the vali­
Bethlinlfd-tht&rtheRei chief of the Rebels in Tranfrfvania, affifted by ant and rcfolute Defence of our men, how lit­
Place. But in the mean time, Bethlin Habor 3
bel furpriftd
and o-l into the Province to have made himfelf Mailer
Be•ckhetvs Baffa, with four thoufand Turks enrred tle he prevailed in this Siege, and that it was like
Ttrthrown
enough to tend at length to his Dishonour,
by the thereof, under the Protection of the Turk. Whereof
the County having got knowledge, rcfolvedto by Compofition gain that which he was now*
thought it good once again to prove, if he might
County
TanMer. go and meet him, and to encounter him at the almoft out of hope by Force to obtain- And to
very firft Entrance of him into the Province. that purpofe caufed a motion to be made unto
This old Rebel, knowing that peorge Bafta was, the befieged, for a Treaty to be bad concerning
by the Emperour's Appointment, gone out of the a Peace, and a Day appointed for the lame. Unto
which motion for Peace the Imperials (al­
Country with the beft Troops of his Horfe-men,
the greateft Strength of the Province, came though they had no hope at all of any Peace to
on in great Security, thinking of nothing but of be concluded} eafily yielded, left they might be
Victory, and of performing his intended Exploit, thought obftinately to have rejected the fame.
without fear of any to let him: fo that calling no
farther Peril, he was furprifed by the County before
he was aware, and put to flight. Neither
was the Fight long betwixt men accuftomed to
vanquifh, refolutely let down, and well armed,
againft men difinayed, half naked, and forpufed.
•
H
Whereupon, Commiffioners were on both fidesap- D e puu«J,
pointed to meet together, to confer* of the matter, appointed?
And fo for the Eroperour, J/thent himlelf, with t0 .*? c |*? t
Ferdinand Collonitz, and Frederick of Hohenlo, Jjj, 1 Jj
County of Bbene^ were appointed near .onto the Peace.
Rafcian Town to meet with the Turks Com-
Geeee*
miffi-

The Treaty
for
Peace broken
off.
The Co/-
/jc^/depart
oat of
the Turks
Camp unto
the
Chriftians:
The Janizaries
in
Murray a-
ga in ft the
Vifier
Bafla-
Thc Reafon
of the
Mutiny of
the Janizaries
againft
the Bafla
tlieir General.
Achmat, eighth Emferour of the Turfy.
miffionejs, to heat what they would fay. Howbeit,
the Commilfioners on both fides being met at
the Place aforefaid, all their Conference was but
vain and to no purpofe; the Turip (till urging
the yielding up of Strigonium, and die Imperials'
as eameftly refilling the fame. So that the Treaty
for Peace being broken oftj and the Gommiffioners
departing, the Siege was more cruelly by the
Turks continued than before*
Now there were in the Turks Army lying at
the Siege, .certain Companies of Coffacks, Men for
their Pay indifferent to ferve any Prince, of what
Religion foevcr. Which ferviceable Men, in
Number feven hundred, had agreed together the
2&h of September, by night to forfake the Turks
Camp, and to come unto the Chriftians. Of which
their Purpofe and Defign, the Vifier Balk having,
by forae unttufty amongft them, got knowledge,
caufed the Foot-men of thefe Companies to be apprehended
and flain; the Horfe-men in the mean
time making themfelves way over the Bellies of
fuch as would have flayed them, fled, and efcaped,
feme of them to Komara, and fome to DotU.
Threcfcorc of thefe Coffaeks being by the Turks
hardly purfued,adventured tofwim over Vamtbiut s
and fo all naked came to Coltoni z, by whom they
were courteoufly entertained and apparelled. And
within three days after, two hundred Horfe-men
more of the fame Coffackg came unto CoUonitz
alfo; who, marching in good order unto the head
of the Chriftian Camp, were there Iworn unto
the Empcrour's Service-, and in token of their Loyalty,
there difcharged their Piftols thrice. Which
.Horfe-men Collonitz divided among the reft of his
Troops, as having before time had good experience
of the Courage and good Service of divers
fuch others of their Fellows.
By thefe fugitive Souldiers it was understood,
that the Janizaries, in great number up in Mutiny
againft the Vifier Bafla, would haveinforeed
him to have raifed the Siege, and fo to have departed.
The caufe of their Co great Difeontentment
(as they pretended) was the roanifeft and affured
danger of their Lives, with little or no hope
at all for the gaining of the Place; they themfelves
being Ml expofed to the Dangers both of the
Siege and of the Field, having the beficged on
head of them atmed with an aflured rVefolutian,
and the Chriftian Army at their Backs, of known
Valour and Experience: befides that, the Place it
fell was (as they laid ) impregnable, being at all
times to be relieved, by reafon that it commanded
over the Vanuby, which might always relieve it
both with Men and Viftuals: and that therefore,
after that they had fatisfied their Honour, by giving
of an Aflault or two unto the Fort of St. Thomas,
they had refolved to arife, and to be gone.
And much about this time, IKE. the Nine and
twentieth of September, in the night time, was a
moft dreadful fiery Imprcffion feen in fafhion much
I like a Rain-bow, of a fiery red colour; which beginning
over Cochpra, and rrfing higher ovcxStrh
gonium, at length vanifhed away over the Fort of
St. Thomas. The fight whereof much troubled the
Beholders thereof, as well the Chriftians as the
Turks; fuch-ftrange Meteors and Apparitions being
oftentimes the Ptefagesof rheruiue of them to
whom they appear,
In the mean time, whilft the Turks thus lay before
Strigonium, at the Siege of Saint Thomas's
Forr, the Lord Bijla, Lieutenant-Gcneral of the
Empcrour's Forces, to give the Turks to underhand,
How that he was always in readinets to attend
upon their doings, and to take hold of all
fueh Opportunities as fhould by them be offered,
and to to keep them in fuipence, came with feven
thoufand-brave Horfe-men, and fiiewed himfclf
in the plain Field in order of Battel; fo, as it we*te,
braving the' Turks even unto theif own Trenches
; where, halving difcharged their Piftols thrice,
they returned as victorious, always kecpir g themfelves
in order, as men icady either to give «or to
accept of Battel. Howbeit, the Turks for the prefent
keeping themfelves clofc within their Trenches,
moved not; but aftei wards, being dc lire us to
counter-brave this the Chriftians Preemption,
the third day of Oltober tbey came forth or their
Trenches, and gave a fecond Aflault unto
Saint Thomas Fort, imploying the uttcrmolt of
their Power in this Action, whereupon they well
knew a great pan both of their Honour and of
their Safety to depend. But in aflailing the Fort,
they met with them as refolutely fct down for the
Defence thereof, and for the Maintenance of their
Honour, as were (hey for the winning of the
fame. So the Aflault was begun with great Fury
and Adventure, as was the other before; howbeit,
that ic endured not long,* for that the Tutks
fought rather for the discharge of their Duty, and
to have fome jufl caufe to raife their Siege, than
for any hope tbey had to prevail, or to carry the
Place. For it befell them according as they bad
expected, do that after that the Fight had endured
little more than half an hour, amidft the Tempefts
of Arms and Fury, in fine, me Turks, out of hope
to prevail, gave ovet the Siege, ana retired, having
in that Conflict loft five hundred of their
befl Souldiers.
The Governou r of Strigonium had in. the City
under his charge fix thotifand Haiduc\s, who,
attainted with Treafon and Fear, all forfook the
Place excepting five hundred ,* (preferring their
laves,, unworthy the favlng, before their Duty,
and the Life and Honour of then.*. General. With
which fhameful Treafon, and the Resolution of
the Great Bafla for forcing of the Place, the Germans
there left, feeing their Captains difmayed,
gathered themfelves together, promifing, by their
own Valour to (upply what wanted by reafon of
the Treachery of the others; offering themfelves
to be fworn again unto the Service of the Emperour,
and rather to dye all in the Place, than to
yield itup unto the Turks, or to leave it unto their
Enemies: where, by tlieir general Confent, a folemn
Decree was made, That whofoevcr he were
which fhould fpeak or once make mention of yielding
the Town, fhould forthwith therefore be hanged
upon a Gibbet. The Turks, although they
had now in two Aflaults been twice repulfed,
came yet forth once again the fifth day of Ottober,
and.affaultcd Saint Thomas Fort the third time; third time
wherein, they failed not to do what they might, aflaulced
but were by the Chriftians therein Co received, by die
Turfc.
that defpairing of the winning thereof, they with
great Lois and Shame retired. Which Difgrace
caufed them to return to their old Practices, for
the taking of Places by Policy. For having in
many Places undermined the Walls, and tilled
them with Gun-powder, fbey were in hope by
that means to have opened themfelves a way unto
their Conqueft. Of which their hope, for all that,
they were deceived; for the Chriftians,having perceived
their meaning, did, by countermining, not undermine
The Turks
feeking to
only fruftrate their Endeavour, but carried away the Fort of
the Powder alfo, which they had before layed in St. TbomiH,
die Mines, referving it to their own farther necelfity
and ufe.- Wherefore the Turks feeing themed
of their
difappoinc-
purpofe.
felves. of their hope deceived, returned again unto
their old Practices, to come to a Parle for
Peace. Of which their Motion the Chriftians nothing
difliked. But the Corormliioners on both
fides feeing met together for chat purpofe, 10 a
little Ifland encath Strigonimi, when as the
Turks had offered unto the Chriftians the City
of
1604
The Fort
of St. 77wmat
the fecond
time
a [Faulted
by the
Turks.
The
fhameful
Treafon of
the Butduel's
of
Smgwiioiu
The Fort
of Sc.r/joflMTthc
A Treaty
for Peace.

J. .LV.IJilJcll.j
V^V**-
itiOA of Agria for Strigonium ; or if fo be that chat ex-
/ change pleafed them not, but chat they would
needs keep the City of Strigonium (till, that then
in confideration of the Peace, they ihould deliver
unco them the ftrong Towns of FUeci^ Saint Set-
ThcTna- fchin, Pallank, and Novigradk j both of which,
off and" demands W^re very unreafbnable ; the Commifnoching
fioncrs thereupon again departed without contonciuded.
eluding of any thing.
Now the Army of the Tut k$ was in it felf djverfjy
divided with quite contrary defires, the Vifier
BafTa, with feme other of the Commanders,
^ML flood (liny for the taking of the place, as men
the Janizaries
unwilling
to condone
the
fiege of
Strip,
nimn.
The Fort
of Saint
Tbunai fix
times in
one day
aflaulted
by the
Turks.
The fiege
of Sirigo-
Mam given
over
by the
Turks.
^^^
willing either to return from thence with V idrory,
or elle there to end their days; but the Janizaries
to the contrary, were as earned to be gon, and
to raife the fiegfe, deeming it irripbffible as then to
prevail a gain ft a place fo ftrong, fo welf manned,
and fo eafily to be (till relieved* With which
their Refolution fo contrary Unto his, the Baffa
enraged, and yet propofing before his departure
to prove the uttetraoff of his Forces againd the
Fort, now already by him thrice before aflaultedj
the tenth of O&ober gave thereunto fix great affaults,
but with like fuccefs as before, finding there
ftill the fame Defendants, no whit difcouraged, buc
armed with their accuitorned Refolution. For
the Defendants, incouraged by their mod valiant
Commanders, with fuch fury repulfed the Turks,
that they were glad to give over afTauJt upon affauk,
and with great lofs of their men to retire.
Their often retreats al(b being unto them no le'fs
hurtful than were their aflaults.,che deadly Bullets
being out of the Fort difcharged upon them like
fhowers of hail. So that the BafTa now,after fo many
aflaults, out of all hope to gain (he Fort, arid
dill prcfled by the Janizaries for'the raifing of
the fiege, immediately after, rofe with his Army,
quitted his Trenches, and retired with his Camp
near unco a Caftle about a League diftanc from
Strigonium. From whence the Turks, the betterto
cover their dilhonour, and to hinder the Chiiftians
from purfuihg of them in their retreat, the
.next day after came Into the Field with i good
part of their Army, and (hewed themlelves before
the Ra/cian Town, and there skirmilhcd with the
Chriftian Haiducfy. Which manner of skirmifhing
for all that, jvas mote in (hew than in effct^
** 5 V'neither ratty therein receiving any great lofs or
hurt. In the mean time, the befieged Which were
in Strigonium, having gotten certain knowledge,
that the Enemy had already removed his Cannon
and other Provision for the fiege back again into
Buda, in token of Joy difcharged all their great
Ordnance out of the City and the Fort; by the
report thereof giving Knowledge unto the other
Towns and CaTHes of the Chriltians, of their de-
Ijtoerance. Of which fo common a Joy every one
of them w$tt Partakers, as delivered from fome
rlatr 6f the fear which the fiegeof fo great a City
as was Strigonium, had brought upon them. And
th the (iege of StrigoniHm a begun- tbe eighteenth day
. of September, .was by the Turks given over the
thirteenth of Oftober; the Janizaries iniolently
thrcatning to have (lain the great BafTa their General,
if he had there any longer (fayed.
\BOH . B J ft J i fi c Emperour's Lieutenant, in the mean
fuetli the.' ttmeawaitinc all Opportunities, failed not to take
Turfe Arn» hold of fo fit an Occafion,' but with his Horfe-
Ipiydcpane- m?n following after the Turks Army, flew of
ingfrom
the fiege
OfStrigonum.
JJ^JJ, a g reat numDcrj ant i rook fome other of
rhem Prifbners. And afterward returning unto
their Camp, found it void of men, but full of
Bullets, with certain pieces of great Ordnance,
which the Turks had left there, having not time
to remove the fame to Ttu'Jj. Upon this riling of
the Turks Army, the Commanders thereof wrfc
"& ow nmferow of the Turfy
H§
divcrfJv affc&ed unto the kfvice that Was farthef 16o\
to be done, as they bad before been in the time* -cv^
of the fiege. Such or them as lay in Hungary, oi
near thereunto, defiring (Jill to hold the field, in
hope of therpoil of the Country; burthey which
dwelt farther offy cfpepially fuch.asVcre dame QUE
of Afu, dcfiring as much to be difcharged",* theiir
Hones being almoft all dead with faincnefs and
travcJ, and they themfpJwp Weany ai die fcrvice. >
Shortly af er the riing r ;pf the Tiirks Army
from itrigoniunti two Fugitive* of the Turks, raofl
bravely moimtcd, came unto &#*,- the Emperours
Lieutenant, and presenting him wirh'a Ring -
of great value, and a mod fair Tudciflj Bn'fign,
told him, mod pare of the Turks Army to Jye
then incamped in the Country near Unto te¥b$
and the great Cham, a young Prince of about
twenty years old, to be come thither with a great
Power of Tartars, to aid the BafTa; and. that the
Turks,by their coming incouraged, were determW
ned yet to make a great excurfion for the fpoiling
of the Country* All which fhorcJy after was xhe upper
certainly known to be rrue. the plain Country of Hungary
the upper Hungary about Pa tank.*, Setfchin, and to rh f
Villecamp, being by them, but efpecially by theftf JJjJjj^
new come Tartars, ail fpoiied and burnt. For re* fpoiied
| medy whereof, Sigefride Collonitz oppofing him- and bnrnc
| felf.with his Hungarian Horfemen, againll thefe
j infulept Fprragers, fb daunted them, that ccafing
further to fpoil (he Country, they departed, carrying
away with them fuch Prisoners and fpoil a;
they had there taken, and leaving behind them a
ftrong Crajrtfoa of three thoufand good Souldiers, .
for the repairing and keeping of Pe$h, but a little •
before cowardly (as_.We (aid) forfaken by the
Chriftians. But within fome few days-after, viz.
the four and twentieth; oiOUober, the Vifier Baffa^ The vifirf
by his Letter^ written wnto County Alt bent* Go-* B?fla by
vernour of Strigonium, made a mention for a Trca- „ l !ii5! t tf*
ty of Peace to be had for the comfort of the di- mo[i on for
i fireiled Peppif of that fpoiied Country, foleronly the Treaty
i proteff ing, moft religioufjy on his pare to keep the of Peace.
[ (acbe, i£ it fhpuld be once concluded j and yet in
the mean time with Fire and Sword (polling ajl
the Country, by the way as he departed out of
Hungary.
Buc now, as this poor Country began to feel Re- tew Relief
by toe departure of the great BalTa Withhfs ^f in^|j'
Army out thereof, fo the Country of Tnwfijvania 2SjJf
joy n ing thereunto, was at the fame time as much by ifltvaitt
With Rebellion and Difeqrd diftrciTcd'. Betbhn firnaniedi J
Habor the RcbeJ, with his BalTa overthrown and totfi*i*
driven out of Ttanfi/vania (as is afdrefaid ) the Lord
&7^/a^*,&(/iVsjLieucenanc in this Provincfey,chinking
all things, now at quiet, was making himfelf
ready with his Troops, to have gonc.toaid.the
Lord Bulla, his General, then incamped in the)
Jflains of Strigonium, to hinder the Turks Defigns
ior the taking of this Town. But as he was afeouc
f (b to have done, behold, even at the fame time
| when he Jcaft feared, a (econd Rebel there ftariy
I ed up, far worfe than the fifft, namely* the Lord
j Ijtevan, ( othciw.fe firnamed Bat/cay, or more
truly * Pot/cay ) whq, accompanied wich .great ^ J^J"
I Troops of Men of War under the Protection of ^u^ p^.
! the Turk, and Ming himielf by the Name fiaMiA
! of the Prince of TranfifoanJa, entering, that Pro- »*e 8>«
! vince, roiferably burnt and fpoiied the fame. JJJJ,. e
For the rcprefling of which; fb fudden a Rebel. fignffi c |»
lion, Helgioja, with a ifwufaod Horfc, under the tarry or ^
leading of Rofcovii*. and Peter Lajlt, marched to- % ) of
ward Veradw) and with; his Troop coming to &Sf
Ador, a Country Village about a League diltant nc [J, wa y
from Veradin, and meaning thither roanemble to- of diigace
gcthcr bisArmy,hefcnc tof«^eGovernourof Ve- •K dbe ?T e
radio, to put him in mind of hi? Duty, and to crave Jj£ U E t n j- la
j his aid. Which valiant Captain, always prcft and perours
• C c c c c c 2 ready Court.

8 54
Achmat, eighth Emferour of the Twfy.
1604 ready co do his Prince Service, failed not now of
M r V s -> his Duty, xalling together Gx Companies of Footmen
out of Romafit, and joyning unto them four
Companies out of Veratiift., together with the Sileftan
-Hotfe-wen of Scbuct-Kenbufs Regiment
(whom by reafon of his Sicknefs he was not able
| " to lead) and. with them the Haidmfys of County
lamker, came unto the Place of the Rendezvous,
bringing with him all warlike ProviOon in token
of Ins Fidelity. With this Army Belgiofa match-
&W«g°- cd aga^ft " ne R-cbeis, who, as refolute men, ateth
agafnft tended his coming; fe» why. Botfeay knowing the
the Rebels fj a iducks of County HamhUf fecretly to favour him
hiTrmfd- an£| ^ Rebellion more than they did Belgiofa and
his juft Quarrels, flood in no fear of them, but affured
himfclf of them as of his friends; who failed
not of his. hope and expectation, but even at
the fir ftjoyning of the 8attel turned themfelvesto
his part»; with the going over of whom, the number
of the Rebels was much increafed, and Belgiofa's
Power both in Force and Courage much
-•• wcakned, feeing themfelves at once expoled both
unto the force ot their Enemies, and to the Treachery
of their Fellows, : who now With conjoyned
Forces molt fiercely aflailed them; who finding
themfelves now on all fides invironed with fo
great a multitude, and not able, with fo (mail a
number as was left, co withftand the violence of
their Enemies, and the Treafon of their Companions;
after they had to the uttermoit of their
Befcfyjln Power performed all the parts of valjaht and
fo^o- courageous men, were there almoft all cut id pievenhrown
ccs, and there buried in the Field of their Loyalty,
by Betfaa honoured with their own Blood, and altogether
the Rebel, embrued with the Blood of their Enemies. In
this unlucky and difloyal Fight were divers good
and faithful Captains flain ; Pttfie, Governour of
Veradin^ and Valias Leppat, both great Captains,
Bttfcay
dealeth
^^rmt unfaithfully
__
with
and grievoufly wounded, were there taken ftifoners.
The Lieutenant of Petfie alfo, having
retired himfclf with feme of his Troops into a
place of good Strength, there fo valiantly defended
themfelves, that Botfeay y one of hope to overcome
them by force, to get them* into his Power,
promifed them upon his Oath, if (hey would yield
themfelves, to fu flierthem in fafety to depart. But
what Tiw or Credit 4s -to be given to him who
ruch'as up- hath before broken his Faith and Loyalty to his
on his faith Ptince, this Rebel well fhewed, by the Death of
^eSdeduS
ro him.
nt anc * waw^* e mto > Wfl0 » aftcj that
f 0e y had upon his Faith and Prbmife yielded
themfelves, were by his appointment cruelly flain
and cut in pieces. The SUefinn Horfemen were
there alfo all overthrown, and buried in the
midft of their Enemies; and as for Betgiofa himfelf,
hi ftrangely efcaped out of the Battel, and
fayed himfclf by flying to Veradm. The victorious
Rebel after the Battel, inftead of praifingGod
facrificed to the Devil, by fending a great part of
the Enfigns by him gained unto the Vifier Bafla,
with a thoufand PraiTes of his Glory, for fupporcing
of him in his Rebellion; and vaunting much
of this his Viftory, pave him withal to underhand,
'That he had flain above fix thoufand of
his Enemies.
Jbjfar This Viftory gotten, together with the humjn
his Re- ye Submiffion of Botfeay. obtained of the Great
cmirao. Sulra °j That from thenceforth he fliould be ftiled
ced by the by the Name of the Prince of Tranfi/vania y with a
GreatSul- farther Charge from him, to do the utrermoft of
°Hed ' il " s cn deavour for the fu bd u in g unto his Obcifance
Prince of '** re^'?^ franfihania 5 prornifing, plentifully to
fupply his Wants both with Men and-Money, and
U4.
out of hand co fend htm three thoufand tartars
so his Aid. And indeed, this was a very great and
bloody Battel, fought from Ac firft break of the
Dayj until eleven aelock at Noon j but, whether
fo many*were flain there o7no7 it cannot certainly
be told, for that divers of them who were (aid
to be flain, and. fo accounted among the dead,
had hid themfelves in the Wood there by. and
fbme others of them by fome other means efcaped
Death alb. Petfte himfelf had with him when he
was taken, two Monks, whom the Souldiers in
delpight cut into many pieces,and carried him fait
bound in Chains to Derritza y to be there cured of
the dangerous Wounds by him in the Battel received.
But as for Pallas Lippa, who, being Wounded,
PiiMlip'
was taken Prifoncr with Petfie ^ he was afterwards ba t Batfctifs
by Botfeay appointed his Lieutenant General, and Lieutenant,
pretendetn
fo by his Commandment was pnblickly proclaimed
; as he which was defirous to take upon him the defence
the defence of the reformed Religion, andolluch of Religion
as were willing co profefs the fame; who forthwith
made a general Proclamation, That all they ening of
lor the
ftrength-
which were defirous of the liberty of Conference, Botfcaj in
and to live free from the Supcrflirions of the Vo-1 his Rebel­
man Church, fhould repair unto biro, as unto their
Head and Chieftain, ready to entertain them, and
to allow to every one of them five Dollars a
Month for their Pay- Upon which Proclamation
made, a great Multitude of Men upon the Hidden
retorted unto him; fo that in a (hort time he had
following of him ten thoufand Haiducks. befide a
number of other of the common rafcal People\
yea, almoft all the Gentlemen of the Country, repairing
unto him, bound themfelves by Oath tor
him, and one of them to another, That as thcjrJ
would not take up Arms to fight againft the Chnftian
Emperour, fo they would not fubmit themfelvts
unto the Turk, but only (land upon the
defence of their Religion, and the liberty of Con*
fdencc.
'The Rebel Botfeay thus wonderfully increafed
iw Strength and Number, befet almoft all the,
Paffages of the Country, and with the Sword of
Rebellion in his hand, and his Souldiers following
him, commanded the Cities ftill as he went,
to yield unto him: but, hearing that Belgiofa was
after the late Overthrow gone from Veradin to The great
Cajjlvidy where his Wife lay; and being come City of
thither, to have been by the Citizens rejected, ICajjbvia
yielded to
who would not only not receive him into their the Rebel
City, but turned his Wife alfo out of the City unto
him; he with a great Army coming thither,
took the City without refinance, the Citizens for
the moft part endining unto him: of which City
being poflefleda he forthwith changed both the
Religion and Civil Government thereof, flewpare
of fuch as were of the Komifh Religion, and thruft
the reft out of the City, with all the Church-men;
took the Bifliop and the Empcrour's Treafurer Prifoners,
and fo changed rhe whole Government of
the Town up-fide down. The only man he flood
in fear of, was Betgiofa^ for whom he laid wait fay.
all means he could to have taken him, with a
purpofc to have ufed him moft hardly if he had
fallen into his hands.
H
1

1604
Ifflkgocth
with
lib Army
againft the
•Jtebelsin
/icnmat, eighth Umperow of the Turfy.
Bafta 3 the Emperour's Lieutenant in Hungary,
and Governour of Tranfitvania, hearing of the
Stirs and Troubles of late raifed in both thole
Countries by Borfcay and his rebellious Followers,
and having as he thought beft fee all things in or-
Idcr again at StrigloniHm', marched thence with his
[* e "PP 0 " Army, being Fourteen thoufand ftrong, towards
-HI07' cajfovia, with a purpofe to havefupprefied the Rebellion
m the upper Hungary, before it fhould have
fpread farther, to the endangering of the whole
State of both thole Countries, as afterward it did.
Howbcit, before he could come thither, the Rebels,
after the taking of Cajfovia, being wonderfully
increafed both in Strength and Number, had
taken in moft of the ftrong Towns and PJaces.in
the upper Hungary, the People almoft generally
now favouring their Quarrel, carrying with it the
Face of Religion, with the fupprewng df the German
Government, both things unto them much
pleafing. And now hearing that Belgiofa (a man
Belgiofa in of them moft hated, being, as we faid, (hut out of
the Caftle Cajfovia) was Bed into the Caftle of Zipze, they
of Zif^e by Letters required of Turfon, Captain of the Cabv
befiegedl Si Re- ^m to have him delivered unto them, to be act^l
S( cording to his Dcferts pumfhed 5 promifing
c
with-
— al, to do Turfon himfelf no harm, fo that he would
take part with them in the defence of their Religion,
and of the liberty of Confcicncc; which if
he fhould refufe to do, yet that they would give
him free liberty to depart whither he would, out
of hisCaftle, and in fafcty to conduct him thither,
fb that he would forthwith refolve what courle he
would take: but if he fhould of this his Offer
miflikc alfo. then they tbrcamed to fpofl his Country,
to kill liis People, to raze his Caftle, anjl to
make himfelf an Example unto others. Wherewith,
for all that, he nothing moved, lefufed to
deliver unto them Belgiofa the Man whom they
fo much defircd, or yet to accept df any of their
the Caftle.
But while the Rebels thus lay at the Siege of
this Caftle, certain Companies of them went to
have taken the Spoil of a Religious Houfe there
by; but doming thither, and breaking open the
Doors, and fearc'hing every fecret Corner of the
Houfe, they found therein nothing worth the
reckoning of, but fo returned almoft empty handed
; for the Priefts had for fear of them before carried
away with them all the beft of cheir Goods
and Subftanee hfto the befieged Caftle. And fo
"hcPriefts Hkewife the rife Report of their coming to tref.
and Jcfuits burg flying abroad, almoft all the Priefts and Jefor
war of f u ; ts j n presburg and the Country thereabout^ lea-
Ac^/ % ving their Churches and Colledgcs, fledwith their
from Pns* Subftanee to I'tenna, fcarcely accounting themfclves
bwgioVi- fafe there, until that the Gaerifon of that ftrong
om * City was increafed with a new fupply oifix hundred
good Souldiers.
And now the Rebels, their Number ftill more
and more increafing, and having fee all the up>
per part of Hungary on a Broil, were beficgine divers
other Caftlcs and ftrong Places, yet holden
855
[for the Empcrour; when as>B

5*
The Citizens
pf
Caffovia fefofe
to fabmit
them*
felves, and
to receive
the Empcrour'sSouldiersinto
their City.
Eperid
yielded
unto Bafla.
Aebmat, eighth Emperow of the Twig.
reclaimed them of Caffovia again unto their Obedience;
offering unto them Pardon for all their
Offences pair, lo that they would now at laft acknowledge
their fault, and receive into their Town
a Garrifon of the hmpcrours. To which purpofe
he writ alfb to them of Eperia; in hope that if he
might fo have gained chofc two ftrong Towns,
to have in them wintered in fafety with bis Army.
But they of Caffovia, having in the City a
ftrong Garrifon of fix thoufand good Souldiers,
and out of fear to be by Bafta befieged at that time
of the Year, and withal in hope (u need were) to
be by Botfcay relieved, (who was then reported
to be forty thoufand thong) utterly refulaj to
hearken unto Bafla's Motion for their Reconciliation)
or at all to fubmit themfelves again unto
the Emperour. Which caufed him with his Army
to come nearer unto the City, yet ftill feeking
rather by fair means, to have perfuaded the Citizens
to have returned unto their Loyalty, than by
force to have confkaiued them. But finding them
obftinately fet-down, and by no Perfuafions to be
removed, but With their great Ordnance, in what
they might,' to trouble his Camp, he fent before,
the County Hobenlob and Rotuitz, with part of his
Army to Eperia, to command them, upon their
Allegiance to receive the Emperour's Souldiers into
the City, and to relieve them with fuch things as
they were able; and Within a few days after, viz.
the fifth of "December, followedhimfelf with the
reft of his Army. But being come thither, after
much Talk had with the chief Men of the City,
it was at length, contrary to all Mens Expectation,
agreed, Thai Bafta, alluring them of the free Exercife
of their Religion, of the good Behaviour of
the Souldiers towards them, and to defend them
from the Injury and Incutfions of their Enemies,
they fhould open their Gates unto the Imperials,
ana relieve them with what they were able, and
fo'as before to continue in their Allegiance and
Obedience unto the Emperour. Of all which
things when Bafta had, upon his Faith given, affured
them, they opened their Gates, and received
in the Souldiers; unto whom (now almoft dead
and ftarved with Hunger) nothing could have
happened more comfortabfe or welcome. Leufia 3
Barbeld an&Zebena, famous Towns in thole- Places,
following the Example of Eperia, fubmitred
themfelves in like manner, and helped Bafia's
Souldiers with Relief. Thither, with great danger,
came unto Bafta, SigefridCollomtz, a Man of
great Power and Authority in that part of Hungary,
to conferr with him about the appealing of
thefe Troubles: who afterward by his Letters onto
the States and the reft of the Nobility of Hungory*
yea, and to Botfcay himfelf, in vain perfuaded
them to by down Arms, and to return again
unto their wonted Obedience unto the Emperour.
There had been hitherto in the Imperial Camp
great fcarcicy of Victuals and of other NeceiTaries,
fo that for want thereof, and for the extremity of
the Cold, and other Miferics, it was greatly feared,
left the Camp fhould have been broken up,
to the irreparable lots of his Imperial Majeffy, as
the (fate ot things then flood in Hungary. For the
remedy whereof, thirty Waggons loaded with
Money and Cloth were fent from Vienna, under
the Conduct of County Soimes y Collonel Starenberg,
the Treafurer, and others; unto whom
Tdnhufur joyned fifteen hundred Huffarj ( Hungarian
Horfc-mcn fo called) to ftrengthen the Convoy
again ft the danger which was feared from
the Haiducks which lay upon the way, and who
indeed were now roaming about and feeking after
Booty in every corner of the Country. Which
Huftrs, being come with the reft of the Convoy
into a thick Wood, about two Miles from fife*,
like Enemies fee upon the Waggoners, whom
they fhould have conducted, and there made a
great {laughter of fuch as were about to refift
them; iofomuch, that the County Solmes had
much ado to fave himfelf, and to get out of their
hands, leaving the Waggons as a Prey unto the
treacherous Bujfars; who now become Matters of
them, drave them away to Botfcay the Rebel's
Camp; Tanhufar their Captain in vain putfuing
after them, (with fuch or his Huffars as, mote
faithful than the reft, had no hand in that fo foul
a Treachery ) add recovering nothing but ten
Waggons loaded with Cloth, which the Traitors
bad left behind them, having taken the Horfcs
out of them, and put them into the other Waggons
wherein the Money was, ( which was reported
to be 130000 Florens ) with the more fpeed to
bring them to Botfcay. Who,having upon the fudden
received fo great a Sum of Money, by him
not looked for, forthwith divided the fame amon gft
his Souldiers, the more to encourage them in their
Rebellion again ft the Emperour.
The News of this fo great a loft being quickly
fpread thorow all the Empcrour's Camp, at the
firft filled the Souldiers with Grief and Difdain
againft the treacherous Hujfars, but afterwards,
with Wrath and Indignation againft their own
Commanders* as deeming it to have been nothing
but a falfe Report by them deviled, and given
out to deceive them,- and to feed them with a vain
hope. Which Perfuafion, though not true, had
now fo ftrongly poflefled their Minds, as that they
were about all to have rifen up in Mutiny, and
to have forfaken the Service, to the utter Peril of
t heir Captains, and endangering of the whole Province,/now
upon point to have been for ever loft.
All which Miichiefs Bafia forefceing, did firft what
he might with Words and fair Promifes to have
appealed them; which not ferving, he,with certain
thoufands of Duckais and Waggons of Cloth,
taken up at Leufta and other Towns there by,
wifely contented them, in fome good meafure
furnifhing the old Souldiers, before half naked,
both with Money and Apparel, the Souldiers
greateft Contentments.
Which Mutipy fo again appealed, the Imperials
fhortly after lurprifing a Cattle not far from
Eperiai found therein a great many of Hungarian
Gentlemen, whom they carried away wirh them
Prifbners, to learn of them what they might concerning
the Rebels Proceedings and farther Designs.
In the mean time, the Haiduck/ on the
other fide befieged the Cattle of Sedam, which
they, after many Affaulrs took, and put to the
Sword all the Garrifon Souldiers therein; and departing
thence, firft rifled, and after burnt the
Town of Filebf They alio took the Catties of
Bok/ar, Set/chin, Dregeli, Burac, HoIIoc, Blayen-
Divers Places
taken
ftein, and the ftrong Cattle of Cabragetia, whither by die
Haiduckr.
they of Hatwan, not long before, had carried
their great Ordnance, at fuch time as they for fear
of the Turks, then lying at the Siege oiStrigomum,
had abandoned the Place; all Strong-Holds
in the upper Hungary. After the taking of which
Places, Ferentitu Radius, and Charles ljinan 3 ( Botfcay's
near Kinfman) and the chief Caprains and
Ring-leaders of the Rebels, exacted Contribution-
Money of the Mineral Towns (as they call them)
belonging unto the Emperour in the upper Hungory;
but cfpccially of the City of Nenfo/, inferring
them alfo to (wear to be in all things obedient
to Botfcay, and to take his part againft the Im»
perials, threatning with Fire and Sword to infeft
fuch Places as fhould rcfufe to do die like. And
to the intent that they fhould not by Coilomtz be
encouraged or defended, who to that end was coming
(hither, the Rebels in great number Wenr
to
1604
The H»ffvi
tra'trcroufly
fpoil
them
whom they
fhould
have con-
(tufted.
Bafla wifely
appeatech
his
Souldicn*
ready to
forfake hii
Service.

1004
led, 't%.
prayed!
Aid from
Vienna.
Copland
Ipetfinger
flain by
the ffoi-
4tckf.
A Spy
taken.
The evil
Succets
o; cicala
Boffitagaii
the
Perfians.
Tbeeffcft
oft Anbafiage
of and difficult War by him now for many years
the Perjtau maintained againft theTurkifh Sultan,with whom,
King onto
the Enaper
iiuicu.; cigvw izmpmmr oj we 1 Htfg* «57
10 meet him, and having belayed all the Paflages.
enforced him to retire himfelf unto his Caf tie or
Ubeiitfia s where, he lying in great danger with
his Wife, then in Childbed, accompanied but
with fifty German Souldiers only, for that he durft
not to truft his Hungarian CofTacks. now in heart
altogether inclining unto the Rebels, was glad in
poft to (end to Vienna, molt humbly requesting to
have a new ujpply or German Souldiers lent unto
him for his relief, and the furtherance of the £mperours
Service, in that fo dangerous a time and
wavering cftate of chat Country, being the belt
part of that the Emperour thep held in Hungary.
Now while Bafta thus lay with iiis Army at
Eperia, and in the Country thereabout, he daily
received great barm from the Haiduckr, who were
ftilj hovering about him, as Hawks over their
Prey t h by neceifity inforced to fetch
in Wood, and other things necefjary into the
Camp, being ftUl moft mifcrably flain and ait in
pieces i yea, they were fo bold, as oftentimes to
trouble him in his Camp, and to affail his Souldiers
where they Jay quartered in their Trenches; |
as amongft other times, they did in the latter end
but unto thefe were joyned their own inteftine
of December, to end the year withal; at which I and civil Wars and Troubles alfb ; the Rebels
time,they by night breaking into the quarter where being yet up in the lefler Afia, and the BafTaes of
Char lei Collonitz, with Cope J ana) Pettenger 3 two Aieppo and Vamafco, two of the moft famous Cities
in Syria, and both of them men of great Place
Captains of Anuria, with their Companies lay,
th flew the laid Copel, with almpft all his Souldiers,
and burnt Pettinger in his. Tent, Collonitz againft the other; infomuch,that they had brought
and Command, of late up in Arms one of them
hi being at the fame time in great danger, the matter to be tryed by the Sword in the plain H
and hardly by them befec alio j .untfi that incouraging
his Men, by performing all the parts both bloody Battel overcome, and Hying unto his own
Field, where the Baffa of Aleppo, in a great and
of a good Captain and valiant Souldier, he by City, was by the Baffa of Vamafco purfued thither,
and fo ftaitly by him befieged with an Ar­
true Valour enforced them at length to retire back
again jpto the Woods, from whence they came, my of thirty thou/and men, that in fine he was
having in this Conflict flain fourteen of them with glad to reconcile himfelf unto him, and to make
fl^s own hand.
his Peace, by yielding unto whatsoever the other
j About this time was a Spy taken in the Imperial
Camp, one of Botfca/s chief men, difcovered being thereunto driven by the Extremity of Fa­
BaJfla his Enemy pleafed to demand of him ; as
by one coming from Caffovia to Epenia, which mine, which then reigned in the City s as alfb for
knew him 5 whes by BaftSs Commandment apprehended,
and upon torture examined, and con-
whom he had fent fecretly out of the City to feek
that he had loft a great number of Jus Men,
feffing what he bad done, was for his good fcrvicc for Victuals, being all flain by the BafJa of Da- jfl
hanged, and afterward quartered, to the Terrour mafce's Souldiers. With which fo great matters,
of attempting the like. „ j the Baflacs of the Court (who had the managing
The Turks this year were not much fortunate of the State under the young Sultan) were much
in (heir Wars, Haffan,the Vificr BatTa, and their 1 troubled, he himfelf ( as was fitteft for his years) , J
General againft the Chriftians in Hungary, having in the mean time dilighting himfelf with the Plea- jSufa
in yain ( as is before declared) befieged Strigonim,
and with all fais Forces done nothing worth Birth of his firfl begotten Son, who was born a- bora,
fures of the Court, and much rejoycing at the firfisonjj
the remembrance ; and Cicala Baffa, their other bout that time.
General againft the Perfiant in the Eajl, being with The Revolution of time had now thus brought 160$
alii his great Power by the Perjian King over thrown this year to an end, the Troubles of Hungary and VOT^
and put to flight, and the City of Babylon y now Trapfilvania yet frill more and more fo increafing,
civ^? if *
called Bjgdat, taken 5 and was nj# at Prague, the
two and twentieth of Olffiber 3reported by the Secretary
of the Vayvod of Valachia^ lent thither in
Ambaflage from bis Mailer uoco the Emperour.,
and afterward confirmed by an AmbafTador fent
fe the PerfAn King himfelf lUotp the Emperour;
who having audience, told his Majrfly how that
the King his Mafter, was not ignorant of the great
although he for his pact might have lived in Peace
and Amity, yet,, ,chan moved with the Zeal which
one Prince ought to have to the relief of another,
he had taken up Asms againft him* jfo to avert
fome part of that heavy War from his Majefty,
even upon himfelf$ and that he .had already obtained
many great and notable Victories and
Conquefts againft him 3 and recovered a great
Territory, wrongfully before taken from the Perfiaa
Kings, his Prcdeccflors, by the Turkilh %t J
fans; and char now he was of nothing more de- j
firous, than to joyn, in a perpetual League and
Amity with his Majefty, that fa, in a moft ftrong 1^04
Confederation combined together, they might ncvcr
afterward he diffevered, or ever make Peace
with the Sultan, without one anothcrs Knowledge
and Confenr. And further, That for his part he
was minded never to give over the War, fo happily
by rum begun, until be, had driven him even
into his Imperial City of Conftaminople, fo that his
Vi/ V^
Majefty would on his part do the like, by continuing
of his prefent Wars; it being not pofEblc Kg
far the Turks to hold out againft them both, and
the only means to abate his greatnefs^ and to af- 1
fure them in their Eftates i requeuing him withal,
to fend back with him Tome* grave man, his I
Ambaffadour, with fufficient Authority and Inftru&ions
to conferr about thefe Matters with himj
that fo knowing and undcrftanding one anpthers
Mind, the League and Confederation betwixt
them might the more eafily and commodioufly
be made and concluded.
Neither were the Tutks bufied with thefe for- The "ttrtfcs
reign Wars only, againft thefe fo great and ^°? , * d . |
mighty Princes, in Places fo remote and far off, wirs.
as if that thofe moft miferable Counties iiad by c^nW
the jnft and heavy Judgments of God been now Hungary*
appointed unto their laft and utter Ruine and Dcfiruclion;
the Caufes of their fo great A^liferies
proceeding not fo much from the Turks their
Enemies, as from the natural Inhabitants themfelves;
who, in Minds divided, both in Religion
and Affection, fome of them continuing in their
Allegiance unto the Emperour, and orherfome
following the Enfigns of the Rebel doijeay, did
both unto themfelves and to their Country mote
harme in a little time, than had the Turks in,
many years before. Of which fo. dangerous a Btlioufa
DifTention, and of the harms thereof infuing, Be- Aodiour
fioiofaMt by Baftaas his Lieutenant, was report- ofthe
ed to have been the firft and chief Authour; For JSionii
whereas the year before the Bifhops and other j ^ ^ , . .
Clergy-men, in an afTembly of them at PoJfonwa %
had,without the Knowledge of the Nobiluy and
States of Hungary, puMiffced a decree by them
there made, for the burning or perpetual baniflving
of all fuch as were ol in* reformed Religion
y
SR
I

858
ictoj
The chief
Caufcs of J
Botfca/s
Dilcon-
Kncmcnt.
Botfcaf*
unreafonablc
demands
for
to come to
a Peace.
Achmat, eighth Emferour of the Twfy
in Hungary 5 and that the States of that Kingdom
undemanding thereof, and fblcmnly protefting
againft the fame, under the Seal of the Lord Palatine,
had publickly affirmed with juft Arms to
defend themfelves, if they fhould for their Religion
be called into queftion, or troubled; and had
again repeated the fame their Proteftation at Galfeu
Yet Be&oiofa neverthelefs in the mean time
by cunning feifing upon the reformed Churches
at Cafovia, would not Curler the Citizens of the
reformed 'Religion there to have any Sermons
I in their own private Houfcs, or fo much as to read
on the holy Bible. Neither any whit moved with
the former Protcftatibns of the Nobility and
States, had taken unto himfelf all the Lands and
Goods of them of their Religion in Cafovia, not
fuffering them to bury the Bodies of their dead
within the City, near unto the Monafteries. And
requefting to nave borrowed of Botfeay certain
thoulands of Crowns, and thereof by him denied,
caufed his Souldiers to ranfack two of his Caftles,
and to fpoil him of all the Wealth and Trcafurc
he had therein. For which Indignities and Iujuries
Botfeay enraged, caufed open Proclamation to be
made, That he would give unto every Haiducb,
that would ferve him, four Crowns a Month
pay, with all the booty that they could get.
Whereupon fix thou fan d Haiducks, which then
fcrved under Belioiofa, forthwith revolted unto
Botfeay, their number increafing daily. But after
that unto this extraordinary pay, Pallas Lippa,
his Lieutenant, had alfo joyned the Protection of
the reformed Religion, it is wonderful to fay, how
the Haidttcbf by heaps reforted onto him, and how
the People in all parts of Hungary generally favoured
him and his Quarrel, being in all places
whereas he came, ready to joyn hands with him
againft the Imperials. The Turks and Tartars alfo,
both with Men and Money furthering him
in all his doings, whofe help he refilled not.
Whereof proceeded all the aforefaid Mifcrics both
in Hungary and Iranfifoania, with many other
worfe than they, which, together with the beginning
of this year, took their beginning and en-'
create alfo. unto which fo great Troubles, dill
more and more encreafing, Bafla,not able by force
to give remedy, fought by Lenity and fair Pcrfwafions
to have eafed the fame j by Letters oftentimes
advifing even Botfeay, the chief Rebel himfelf,
to change his Mind, to lay down Arms, to
•disband his Forces, and to perfwadc with the reft]
of his feditious followers, to fubmit themfelves unto
the Emperour, and to return again unto their
wonted Obedience. Whereunto he at length anfwered,
That if the Government of all Tranfifoania
might be left unto himfelf alone ; if a natural
Hungarian born might be flill chofen Lieutenant
General in Hungary, if none but fuch as were Hun­
one another. With this Army they turned from
Vacia to Gokara, with a purpofe from thence to
garians bom fhould have the government and have paffed over the Vanubius upon the Ice, and
command of all.the Garrifons in Hungary, if the to have furprifed Strigonium. Which Exploit they Strigonium
Wallon and French Souldiers might be fhut out of had once before attempted againft (fee bale Town, in vain attempted
Hungary, if the natural Hungarians born, might being then by the Chriftians rcpufted and beaten tohave
from thenceforth be regarded and provided of back with their great and fmall inot out of the beenfnrprifed
by
theit pay, if it might be lawful for every man to Town, as now they were again. Howbeit, that
have the free Exercife of his Religion * if the Authours
of thefe Troubles might be delivered unto and more to increafe, they in Strigonium flood and the
feeing the number of their Enemies daily more the Txrkj
*
the Hungarians to be punifEed, if the Emperour
himfelf in Perfon fhould come and be prcfent at
the Parliament at Fresbnrg, if the German Garrifon
Souldiers fhould frill keep themfelves within the
Places whereunto they were appointed, without
making of any Excurfions into the Towns or
Villages near unto them, or hurting of the poor
Country-men; he could then be content to come
to fuch a good Agreement for Peace. With
which offer he fent two of the Rebels, his Followers,
unto Bafia, who not liking thereof, returned
them back again, without concluding of
any thing.
But while things were thus m calk, fome of the
Haiducty in the mean time,with a number of Tar­
Gol(jtra
fnrprifed
tars joyned unto them, in feeking after Booty, by the
Huduckt.
(urprilcd Gokara, a Town over againft Strigonhmi
where, having flain certain Germans which had
the keeping of the Place, and rifled the Town, as
theywere about to fee it on fire, by the coming
over of the Gbveroour of Strigonium with his Garrifon,
they were inforced to forfakc the place, and
again to retire. This loft received at Gokara, was
again by our men requited by the taking of falantwar,
a good Fonrefs of the Turks, after a
long and cruel fight taken by Captain Bathian,
( Commander of the Imperial Troops on this fide
of the River of Vanubius) wherein to a number of
the Turks being retired, were there together with
the Garrifon Souldiers all flain, and amongft
them divers men of great account, who bnt fome
few days before were come thither. Which Fortrefs
the Captain caufed to be forthwith razed.becaufe
it fliould no more ftandthe Turks in dead
for the annoying of the Chriffians;
The Turks about this time had a purpofe to Facia tnoil
befiege Vacia, a City not far from Vicegrade, on fliamefully
by the
the other fide of Vanubius, a Place which flill did
Haiducks
them great harm, and flood the Chriftians in betrayed,
great Read. The Garrifon of which Place was and deli-"
part Germans, and part Hungarians, as the reft of vered un*
all the Garrifons in the Imperial Towns of Hunt-tgory were. Of which the Turks purpofe for the
the
Twrtu
fiege, the treacherous Haiducks there in Garrifon
having got underftanding,confpired to deliver unto
them the Place; and yet not fo contented, to joyn
thereunto a Treafon more bloody and treacherous
than was the betraying of the Town; for
finding themfelves by farr too ftrong forthe Germans
in Garrifon in the Town with them, they
fell upon them, fearing no fuch matter, and flew
moft parr of them, the reft laving themfelves by
fpeedy flight to Strigonium $ and fo afterward, according
to their former pretended Treafon, delivered
the Town unto the Turks, joyning with
them and the tartars, and directing them for the
more eafie fpoiling of the Chriftians and the
Country thereabout.
__ The taking of this City of Vacia, had in fliort
time called together great numbers of the Turks
and "tartars out of all Places of the Realm j who,
together with the Haiducks, made a great and puiffant
Army, to the Terrour of the Chriftians, not
then able to hold the field againft them, and the
incouraging of the Turks, thus holpen even by
the Chriftians themfelves, to the deflroying of
Htuduckj.
more in doubt of a fecond fiege, than they had
done of the firft, whereof we have before fpoken.
The Report of thefe fo great Troubles, and of
the general revolt of the difcon tented Haiducks in
Hungary, much troubled and grieved the Chriftian
Emperour; who, both in refpeft of his Honour,
'and of the fafety of his Eftate, raifed what
Power he might out of -his Provinces thereabout,
and levied great fums of Money from his Subjects,
taking a Ducket upon every Houfcin Auflria,
being then in great fear of thefe Mifcrics
and Mifchiefs fo fafl fpreading, and flill more
and
io"bj
PaUntwar
taken
by the
Imperials.

itioy
the iwn
o(Vicegrait
by
the Hau
mm
yielded
unto the i
Turks.
TheLet-
McaoflfdjF]
fiat the Vifier,
and
ofBtgfdts
Saffk, onto
the Tght worthy and valiant Friends, it is not to
' XX. you unknown, the Caftlc of Vicegrade, of
c right to belong unto our moil mighty and dread
c Sovereign, the Great Sultan. And therefore fee-
' ing ijfjat ft is Reafop that every man fhould have
c that which of right belongeth unto him; we ad-
5 vertife and requefl you to yield up the fame Cac
file unto our mod mighty Emperour, and the
c honourable Lord Stephen Botfcay,Ptincc oiHungaf
ry\ and with all your Subftance to depart thence.
c with their urgent Affairs, or with SrckneS, cafj-
c Promifing you upon our Faith and Honour, to
6 not repair unto us within the day in the fame
c which remain with us. And if any, letted either
' fuller you quietly and in fafety with jour Wives
c Letters Patents nominated, We will accept of their
' and Children, Bag and Baggage, to depart thence ; * juil Excufes. But if any, contrary to our hope,
1 and to provide you fufficient Shipping for the car-
c ihall upon any indurate mind, or obfrinate Conc
tumacy, fail to repent, and to make their appear-
' rying away of your things to Strigonium. And if
' it (hall pleafe you to take part with us, we proc
mife you the fame pay from our Emperour, that
c nounce them to be Rebels, fobje& unto the Pain
' aoce before us within the day limited, we de-
* you had from your own; and the fame kind En- ' of Rebellion, and (rained with the note of Infa- |
* tertainment which the Wallans have before had * my; pronouncing their Lives, their Goods, and
c with lis. But if that you upon an obflinate Re-
r Dignities to be confiTcate and devolved unto the
N (blution (hall refufe this our friendly Motion and' * Emperours Coffers; for which they Ihall by Us
' Grace offered you, blame us not, if we (hall by * the Chieftains, and Captains of his 1 Armies, with
' frrdng hand anc| force of Arms fcek to obtain
1 all Rigour and Extremity be profecuted. Pro-
* our Right. In kmdnefs we offer you our Friend- ' tefting before the Ma jelly of God, before the Mac
jeffy of the Emperour, and before all Chriften-
' finp, and fo with fpeed expect your Anfwer.
But the C/er«

86o
BxJfo's
Proclamation
Kale
regarded.
Achmat, eighth Emferow of the 7w%.
Fallot Lippa,Botfca/$\
and upon his Revolt from the Emperour, .by Bot­
PaBas Uppa* before by Botfcay taken Pilsner,
Bodac, a Town holdcn by the Rebels, in hope
Lieuccrianc,
by
his Commandment
beheaded}
The Cattle
of Sacmar
yielded to
the flfci-
TJ&j in
vain attempted
to
have been
furprifed
by the Adfor
fuch as would come in, and again fubmit
thcrafelves; divers Gentlemen of the Country
near unto Eperia, where tajis with bis Army toy,
for fear of being fpoiled came in, and accepted of
the Grace offered: other of the feditious, dwelling
farther off, little or nothing at all regarding the
fame. Infomuch, that the Rebels in number daily
increasing, and the Rebellion ftill farther and
farther fpreading, Botfcay was now grown fo
ffrong, that he difrnifled from him moft pare of
•he Turks, whofc fervice he bad in all ihefe troubles
hitherto ufed; refer ving yet certain Janizaries,
Whom he mingled with tlieGarrifon of Haiducks,
which he bad put into Qajfovia. ...
fcay made his Lieutenant-General, and a great man
amongft the Rebels (as is before declared} was now
of many thought to be a moft fortunate and happy
man. But in the midft of fuch his Happincls,
and the nreatnels of his Command, he was, by
the malice of fome, envying athiseftatc, accufed
to Botjcayyzs if he had had a purpofe to have made
film away • and delivering the ftrongCity oXCaf
fovia untoB*//^ to have gone over again unto the
Emperqur, and to have followed his Enfigrts,
Upon which lu/picipn, he was by the commandment
ol Botfcay beheaded, with five other men
more, of good plage, fufpe£|ed to have been Partakers
of the Confpiracy yntn Uppa. In whofe
Treafure, after that he was executed. Were found
an huncire.d thoufaud Hungarian Duckats. with feyejb
huna^cn-Chains of Gold ;. all which he had
fcrancd together in thacfmall time Wherein he had
been Bot/qafs Lieutenant amongft the Rebels.
With which money,Botfcay in his Rebellion confirmed,
became, therein morc.obJJinate aqd furious
than bcfqijev t^Qt admitting iwj^ With Bafla,
concerning Pcacc,bur u pon fuch unreafonable»Condirions
as beft flood with his owo good liking.
! Now Mng and tedious it were to profecute eye*
ry .particular, exploit, with the divers woful events
thereof,' during, this fo great and dangerous a Rebellion
in Hungary-, which how heavy focverthey
were for the poor Chriftians there dwelling to ensure,
as tending all to the ruine and Deflru&ion
Doch of rlierpfeiyes and of their Country, ( foroctime
one of the moft flourifhing Kingdoms of
Chriftcn'cjorijj.but now become as it were a large
Theatre, for all the Wotld to behold moft wofuI
Tragedies and bloody Maffacrcs acjed in)
yet for ail that, unto fome nothing is pleating but
what is written of the greateft Actions; as, of
great an'd.jbloody Battels, of the Cqnquefts of
whole Kingdoms, and the ruine of moft mighty
and famous Princes-, all other things elfe being
unto them tedious. In fome part to eafe them of
fuch wearinefs, and to pleafe their Appetites, I
will briefly.pais over, and even lightly touch, fuch
things as for the moft part of this year paffed in
this troublcibmc Country, not flaying but upon
matters of greateft weight and importance. The
Haiducks ftjJl proceeding in their Rebellion, in
the beginning of February befieged the Caftle of
Saqmari a place very fit for their purpofe: which
Caftle the Souldiers there in Garrifbn doubting to
be able to hold out againft them (being not paft
threefcorc found men left in it) and deftitutc alfo
of their neceffary Provifion, covenanting to have
their Lives fparcd, at length yielded unto them.
But in going thence, meeting with certain other
Companies of Ha/duck/ neat unto Tokay, they
were by them moft part of them flain, fome few
of them by fpeedy flight efcapjng- The fame
Haiducks which had taken Saaaar 3 immediately
after attempted to have furprifed rhe Town
and Caftle of "tokty alfo, but the Governour of
die Place, in good time advertifed of their intent
and purpofe, caufed the Ice wherewith the River
was bard frozen, to be broken, forty Paces
over, near unto the Caftle, and the Jatflc to be
lightly covered over with Straw* .WJiitbft the
HaidHckf coming by night,and finding (be |ceon
the other fidcthe River whereuoro they fir ft came
ftrong enough to bear them, ,by heaps tbrufting
one another forward, to have foaled the Caftle,
the Ice breaking under them, they there together
by heaps moft miferably pcrifhed, many of the
i reft which efcaped that danger, being with (hot
out of the Caftle flain alfo-/ In tfois Callle was no
\ great ftorejof Victuals: whereof Baft* under ftanding,
with his Army marched from Eferi* toward
with the fpoil thcueof to have talieved Tokay, put
the Rebels hearing of his coming, having themfelves
burnt the Town, bad got themfelvcs, with
that they bad, into the CaftTc, and from thence
wirh-Jheir great Ordnance fo welcomed Bafla at
his coming, that, dilappointedof his purpofe. and
having loft fome of his men, he was glad with all
(peed (not ha ving.ftayed above fourhours) to return
again to £/*r/

Achmatj eighth Emperour of the Twfy.
1605 fortified againft their like Attcmps. And the next
V^V^ day underftanding by a Country-man; That certain
Companies of Haiducks and Tur\s together,
W were coming to Turtzo^ a Town not far off, carrying
with them a great number of Cattel, Women
and Children, which they had got out of the
Country Towns and Villages thereabout; he presently
Tent forth his Lieutenant againft them, with
9 his Coffacks (a defperate kind of Horl'emcn ) who
meeting .with thefe Haidut and Turks, flew of
them about an hundred and fifty, and recovered
from them all the Captives, the Cartel, with two
hundred Horfes, and a Mule loaded with four
thoufand Hungarian Duckats.
Now had Filck ( a moft beautiful Cattle, and
yielded as it were the Key of that part of the upper Hungary,
which the Qiriftian Emperour yet held a-
unto the
Nautucl(t.
gainft the Turks) for certain Months been hardly
beficged by the Haiducks {.which although it was
fo well flored with Victuals, and other neccflary
Provifion, as that it might have holden out three
Months longer ficge. yet the Souldiers there in
Garrifon, for want or Water were inforced now
at length to yield the fame. For the keeping of
which Cattle Redeius Ferentfus, Captain of the
Haiducks which had woon it, placed therein a
Garrifon, part Haiducks, patt Turks, as not daring
to rruft either of them alone; the Haiducks for
fear of their Treachery, nor the Turks, for that
he knew them to be delirous of the place, for the
commodious Scituation thereof, as giving them a
way ijo*nter farther into the Territories of the
Chriftians; which Redeius, though a Rebel, would
notyct in any fort grant them.
This Cattle of Filek fo ( as is before faid ) bciieged,
the valiant CoUonitz, had oftentimes in vain
fought to have relieved ; all the ways being fo
be and as it were, fortified witn the infinite
number of the lurks y Tartars^ and Rebels, as that
there was no coming unto it; and mofl part of
his own Souldiers being Haiducks alfo, to whom
he durtt not well trutt, for fear of being betrayed
by them. Concerning which Matters, he fhortly
after writing to a certain Nobleman, after that he
had (hewed unto him, That be defired nothing
more of the Emperour, than to be difcharged of
his Service, he thus brcaketh forth.
I
Cannot ( faith he ) any more perform faithful fervice
unto the Emperour; for being attended upon
fo ttraitly kept, as that no man might fpeak with
The Letters
of
open place, and that in the hearing of the Turks*
him but Botfcay himfclf 3 and not he alfo, but in
with very Traitours, I am enforced to hazard even Who at his firftmeeting with him,told him. That ^ r -
to a cerrain
No­
mine honefi Reputation. J would willingly feme with if the Ambafladours from whence he came, were MSIS"
bleman, German Horfemen ; and I could alfo wijh, three fenr from the Nobility and States of Hungary, they Kceivethc'
concerning thou fanJ Coffacks, and two thoufand Polonian Huf-fhouljJ^Tron- farsw be again raifed; who wold do notable fervice dience; but if they came from the Emperour, as &?/?*
be right welcome unto him, and have Au- Kmpe-
bmdoatSi
by the Re- '" pwfuing of the Enemy ; but every Month they mull had Rogatfus and Ciaccim before fent from Bafia,
bels in needs have their Wages pay'd them. The number of they fhould then fpare their Labour, and cdme
Uktigmj. the Enemy increafeth daily, and their fjkrength fiill no farther 5 for that all matters had with him
more and more.yfo that things cannot be inworfeftate been often enough talked upon; it being now
than now they are. All Devices are directed to the more than time, that things fo often confulted upon,
fliould be no more talked of, but indeed per­
hurt of the Emperour, neither is there any place quiet.
What Courage am I of, which have loft MII my formed. Which Meflenger returning unto the
Wealth and Subffance, is eafie for any man to judge; Ambafladors,told them what Botfcay had faid, and
R aU which, for all that, 7 could conceal and dijfem-thable, fo that I might faithfully* and according to my of a wonderful height, befet the Gates with ftrong
the Haidut&sh&d in Caffovia built a Bulwark II
defxre,ferve the Emperour; which for all that, is not Guards, and fo filled the Trenches with Souldiers,
that a man could hardly enter into the City;
poffible for me to do without a fujfkiem ftrength of
German Souldiers. But this of all doth moft comfort howbett that every man might fafely come and
|_ . me, for that I know me to have done my Duty; for go thither about his Trade and Bufinefr. He told
othenvife this Mtfchief had fpread further.' Many them alfo, how that Botfcay's Lieutenant had called
together all the Govcrnours of the Places there­
Strong Were in hope that J would rather have revolted from
ITo*vns
and Haces *^e ^jn P ero,u 't than have loft my Goods j and fame about, and advifed them, fcf the fpace of fourteen
by the there Were, which doubted not to fay fo of me. The days to be ware of the Excursions of the Haiducks-,
J Turks and Enemies are now in my Dukedom of Cleve, and there and in the mean time, for their more fafety, to
J? 1 * 1 * made ff oil of all. Setchin Jarmeta, Tregla, Palan- bring their Vfiycs and Children, with fuch other
|the < upper $fe Samofchin, Blavenftein, Rabenftein, Vacia, thtngsas they made moft reckoning of, into the
m Rcgiomont, pillqna, Pugantia, Tabra, Libetna,
U
Sirna, Dibiqa, Sacmaria, Sendra, Onoth, Difgiora, 16bJ
Zatnar, Calo, Scharofpotac, Budnoc, Nagibana, ^/YH
FiJck, and atmoft all Tranfirvania, are now fubjetl
to the Rebels; fo that what will enfue thereof, except
theyfpeedily be confronted', every many may right eafifyghefs.
Now ifi CoUonitz, one of the greatett and befr
Commanders of the Eropcrours Forces againft the . '
Turks in Hungary, was thus Befet, and ipoilcd of
his Subftance, by the Rebels, as he in thefe his Letters
complaineth, and as indeed he was, having
at one time received from them fo great harm as*
was deemed to have amounted to an hundred
thoufand Dtickais; and not daring to trutt his own
Hungarian Souldiers, whofe Hearts he knew to
be with the Rebels $ In what State may the -.
reft of the People of that diftrefled Province, be
thought to have been, being at the fame time
expoied unto the fame Rebels as a Prey and
Spoil, and their Country Jay'd open for the'
l Turks and Tartars to forrage and over-run at
their PJeafure-
But in oriel, to run along with the Haiducks,fa^..
four thoufand of them attempting to have furpri- vain itfed
Wiglafe, were fo from thence repulfed, as that tempted to
many of them being there flap, five and thirty have been:
Wagons were fcarce fufficient to carry the reft of hv^^*
the wounded over the Mountains, of whom an Hmtuch.
hundred died by the way. But going from thence,
they brake into Turfon's Country, where, they ha- .
vine rifled all the Towns and Villages, commanded
all the States of the Country, Within three days
next after, to fubmic themfelves to Botfcay, and
to fw'ear unto him Fealty, or otherwife to expect
all Extremities s who with fear difmayed, all promised
to fubmit themfelves unto Redeius, Botfcafs
Lieutenant.
Now for Remedy of thefe Evils, Napragius
and Forgatius, two grave Counfellors, were lent,
in the Emperours Name, to in treat of the Peace
with Botfcay; who, the feventh and twentieth of
March, departing from Eperia 3 wth fourfcore Harquebuflers,
towards Caffovia, before they came
thither, fent before them an Herauld, to advertife
Botfcay of their coming. Which Meflenger,
fo fbon as he was come into Caffovia, the Turks
City, for that he could not as yet ( as he faid) re-
Ddddd*&.
prefs

862 Achmat, eighth Emferonr of the Turfy.
Batfcttfi
Letters to
the Nobility
and
States of
Hungary,
to call
them together
to Strents.
prefsthc unruly and head-ftrong Utidmki, being
yet in their Rage and Fury, as the manner of the
discontented Multitude is. Of which Haiducks,
fome going forth toward Newhuje, and bringing
home a great Booty of Cattel,werc by Co/lonitz and
Trautmanprf, purfuing them with their Horfemen,
overthrown, and all the Booty again recovered.
Bot/cay, about this time, viz. the nine and twentieth
day ai-March; fummoned all the Nobility
and States of Hungary unto an Aflembly to be holden
at Serentium the feventecnth day of April 3
Writing unto them in this fort t
YO U know (faid he) rigbt worthy and valiant
men, into what extream Miferies our
affl idled Country (all the ancient Privflcdges and
Immunities thereof being contemned and troden
under foot) is by the coming in of Strangers
brought; -whole Infolency is gone fo far, that
we cannot only not quietly poffefs our own
Goods, but fo much as enjoy the Liberty of our
own Consciences. For which caufe, the Nobility
of the whole Kingdom being the* Iaft Year fent
inJEmbafly, and as it were forefeeing what was
to come, the Aflembly of the Empire being ended,
openly protefted before the whole Imperial
Diet, and by their Letters oftentimes declared,
That they fhould of neceffity be at length inforccd
to take upon themfelves the defence of their
Priviledges and of their Religion: by which their
Proteftations for all that they fo little prevailed,
that forthwith after, fuch an intolerable Edidt
was by the Emperour's Commandment published,
as had expofed us all, and every one of us,
to mod certain Death, had we not betime provided
for our felves. All which things are unto
you all moft certainly known, both by the unlawful
ACts themfelves, and the whole Proceeding
of the Provoft General. All which things
ConGdered, you met together at Gale!i y and
from thence again openly fignified unto the
aforefaid Provoft General (unto whom his Imperial
Majefty had committed the (hedding of our
Blood, the abolifhing of our Priviledges and Religion,
viz. the execution of this cruel Edidt)I that
if he proceeded to go forward in that Bufinefs,
you would put into Execution what you had before
publickly protefted in the general Aflembly
of the whole Empire at Presburg. But what Anfwer
you received from him, forafmuch as it is
not unto any of you unknown, it Is not needful
here to rehearfc. Wherefore, when as he, going
about the execution of the aforefaid Edidt, did
in forcible manner, with certain Pieces of great
Ordnance, impugn the Army of his Imperial
Majefty, both in his and our dread Lord and
Sovereign, and by force took from us fome of
our Catties, and befieged fome others; we found
no other remedy again (I thefe fo great Evils, but
that which God himfelf even then fhewed unto
us, which was, by force of Arms to defend our
felves-fo far as we might. In which our purpofe,
feeing that the Grace of God, and the good Succefs
which we have hitherto bad, will us to
continue, although we have fufiered no little
harm from the Germans and Haidueks (which
for all that is, for the recovery of the liberty of
oar Country, patiently to be borne) to the intent
that we, united with other our Brethren through
Hungary^ may the better w'thftand our Enemies,
and fight again ft them; it is moft ncccflary that
we fhould meet together, and all matters fee
apart, enter into Confutation, how hereafter
to refift our Enemies, and fet our Country in
Peace and Quietnefs. Wherefore, feeing that
we have "determin'd to hold an Aflembly at Se-
Z rem the Seventeenth day of jfril, we by thefe
c Prefents warn and requeft you all, there at the 1605
c aforefaid Seventeenth day of April to make your v^v^>
e perfonal Appearance, to joyn in Amity with us,
* and, after God's Name called upon, to confulc
c and conclude upon fuch things as may be both .
c acceptable and pieafin unto God, and moft pro-"
c fitable and neceflary for the good of our af
e Country in general. But if there Dial] be any,
c which upon a prefumptuous orcarelcfs Contempt
c (hall not at the tin\e appointed come, nor feem
' to regard fuch things as fo much concern the
e common Good and Welfare of their Native
c Country; let them affuredly know, Both themc
felves to be therefore to be accounted for Enec
mies unto their Country, and their Goods alfo
e fo to be difpofed of, as fball unto the Nobility
c and States then and there affembled, be thought
( meet and convenient.
Much about this time, a great Tumult was A great
raifed amongft the Janizaries and other Souldiers T " l lc J
of the Court at Conftantinople; at which time a JJJESjJj
great Fire arofe alfb in the City (as oft times the tuple.
like hath before done through the Infolency of
the Janizaries, who in fuch Confufion of mens
Minds ufc to make their own Gains) wherein many,
both Men and Women, perifbed, with above
five hundred Shops and Ware-boufes full of rich
Merchandise, moft part whereof belonged unto
the Jews -, of whom almoft two hundred are faid
to have been there burnt: the Deforrnjty and
Spoil made by which Fire in the City, remaining
long after fo be fecn. Thefe Troubles brought a
great fear upon the young Sultan, who firft therewith
half dumayed, and feeing tne like to arjfein
Pera alfo on the other fide of the Haven, about a
mile off from the Seraglio, could not otherwifc
think, but that the Souldiers were about fome dangerous
Treafon. Which fufpicion, two Meflengers,but
a little before come from Cicala Bafa 3 increafed:
who by the fame Mefleneers defired new
Supplies to be forthwith fent unto him; protefting,
that for as much as he had not long before in a
great Battel loft a number of his Men, if he were
not with new Supplies fpeedily relieved, he muft
of force retire, and leave all unto the Perfian.
Howbeit, the Fire quenched, and the Janizaries
and other Souldiers with the Spoil they had of the
Lofles of others gotten, fatisfied, the Tumult was
without much ado again quieted.
Now befide the aforefaid Troubles from the The Em-
Rebels in TranfUvania and the upper Hungary* pcrour*
that nothing might be wanting unto the Mifery ^ d i^
of thofe fo miferable Countries, the Emperout's for their
Souldiers which fcrved under* Bafia 3 having of Pay,threaw
long from day to day in vain expedted their Pay, cn ^dr
and feeing neither Pay nor other Relief to come un- ^Sjy
to them, rofe up inMutiny. and fo in a great Rage th e counbrake
into Bafiajhc General's Lodging; where, ha- try beving
heaped upon him many unworthy*and de- twiwQefpightful
Reproaches, wirh their Pieces bent againft "" a ? d
him, and taking the fpoil of certain Carriages loaded
with many rich Commodities, they departed
from him; and fo marching thorow the Country
toward Presbourg 3 by the way ufed fuch Infolency
and Cruelty, by rifling and fpoiling whatfbever
came in their way, as that they feemed unto the
People as they went, worfe and more inhumane
than the very Turks and Tartars themfelves;
where, amongft other the Prey by them taken,
which were very great, they carried away with them
toward Presburg above ten thoufand Oxen and two
thoufand Horfes; threatning by the way as they
went to burn the Suburbs of the City fo fbon as
they came thither, if they were not forthwith payed
their Pay: whereupon many of the Citizens for fear
forfook their Dwellings, and removed v&Vitma.
But
H
^

Achmat, eighth Emferour of the Turfy.
But the Rebels on the other fide, having (as is
v/v*-' before declared) in vain attempted to have taken
Kewfila- fjgppfj being forthwith driven out of it again* afken
by the r n- I r i • £L ° '
Himucks, lemming themlelves m great number, came now
again and befieged it, and the fixteenth day of
April took it, to the great and incomparable Lois
of the Citizens ; other of their Fellows in other
Places having but the day before taken Ctbinium,
The ^Bmh»grtfe/d milcrable
Thus while the Haiducks at their Pleafure on
t Schemnitfe, with fome other Places alfo.
tftatcof the one fide fpoil the upper part of Hungary, __._ and
IthejjEmperour's Souldicrs on the other fide for
throughci- wane of Pay do therein no lets harm than they,
yil difeord. as Enemies rifling and ranfacking every corner of
the Country as they went, the poor Husbandmen
dwelling here and there difperfed abroad in the
Country, forfear leaving their homely Dwellings,
with fuch things as they had, fled fome of them
intoPo/onia. other fome into the Mountains, where
many of them perifhcd with Hunger; the poor
Husbandman not daring now to go forth to till
his Land, neither the Shepheard to feed his Flock,
all places being filled with Mifery, Mourning, and
Heavinefi; the Turks and Tartars, the common
Enemies of the Chriftians, being not the Caufers
thereof, but even the Chriftians tbemfelves, one
of them even with gteedinefs fecking the Kuine
and Destruction of another; as commonly it falleth
out in Kingdom's and States divided.
Mrtvia Neither did chefe (b great Troubles, the ground
jpoiled by of f 0 many Mifcries, contain tbemfelves within
cms w^1" l^c B° una ' s °f Angary only, but brake out into
luck:. ' other Countries and Provinces thereunto adjo'^V
ing alio j but cfpecially into Moravia, into which
Country the Haiducks breaking, mifcrably fpoiled
the fame, by force took certain Towns, which
they robbed and rifled} carrying away with them
even the vqw little Children, taken from their
heavy Parents, to be fold afterwards unto the
Turks; amiferable kind of Merchandife, and of
all Chriftians to be dctefted. For remedy of which
Mifchiefs, by fuf7erance.mil more and more increasing,
Lichtenftein, Governour of the Country,
having raifed all the Power that he was able for to
make, went againft them, and with much ado at
length drave mem out of the Country, with Fire
and Sword now by them moft grievoufly (polled:
they for all that carrying away with them a great
part of the Wealth of that Country, with four
thoufand Captives, all by them appointed unto
the Turks flavery.
'^•Eg
About this time alfo Bafta* lying at Presburg,
and understanding that fourteen thoufand Turks
and Tartars being come to St. Georges, fixthoufand
of them were gone over the Danubm, about a mile
beneath Presburg, to the end tfaatwhjlft they were
making a Road into Auflria^ the reft in the mean
time might prove their Forces upon Presburg; with
his Horfe-men followed after them himfclr, to cut
offfuch ftragling Companies of them as otherwife |
might have done great harm abroad in the Countrjr,
leaving behind him in Presburg but three
Walton Horfe-rnen, with certain Companies
of Foot-men for the keeping of the City.
Which three hundred Horle-men,being very good
and expert Souldiers, and defirous to be doing
refolutemen upon rhefudden falling, brought a
great fear upon the whole Camp, and haying (lain
of them above five hundred before the reft could
arm themfelves, returned with a great Victory,
though but with fmall Prey, carrying with them
fome few Horfes of Service] to Presburg; where, by
that they had done, it was reafonably thought
that had they been but a thoufand ftrong, they
863
had difcomfitcd the Enemies whole Camp. 1005
In the mean time, they of thc Garrifon of Co- «^Yy
mora understanding that Begedes Bafa was determined
with a notable Convoy to go from Buda
with fevcnteen Waggons loaded with Money and
other things of great value, to Botfcay thc Rebel,
^"^
and the Tartar Cham's Son, who with certain
thoufands of Tartars was come to Solnoch^, to thc
Aid of Botfcay-and the Rebels: they, in hope of fo
great a Booty, lay in wait for him upon the Way
whereby he muft needs pafs, and at hi* coming
let upon him, and flew a number of ftiY- Men;
amongft whom it fortuned the Bafia hirnfelf to be Begedes
flain, fljot in the Breaft with a fmall Shot whilft BogkOa»
he was mounting up his Horfe; whofe dead Body .
rhe Turks about him having taken up, and there- *
with about to flee, were there fome of them flain,
and fome of them taken Prifoners, the reft by
foeedy flightefcaping. Here wercalfo all the aforelaid
Waggons taken, with an exceeding rich Booty
; all which the Garrifon Souldiers, Well worthy
thereof, carried away with them to Contort, together
with the Bafla's Head, ftruck from his
Body with his own Scimitar; which Scimitar,
with the Bafla's rich Coat, Pogranua the Governour
of Comara afterward Cent as a Prefent to the
Emperour at Prague. This Baila while he lived
was a moft crafty and fubtil man, the chief Plot- .
ter and Author of all the Jate Troubles in Hungary,
having before put all tranfttuania into moft dange- ,
rous Stirs and Tumults, and greatly confirmed
Botfcay in his Rebellion: he fpake the Hungarian
Language, naturally, and was therein very eloquent,
which ferved him to great purpofe both for
the Tailing and maintaining of the Rebellion both
in Tranfi/vania and in Hungary. Which fo dan'
gerous a man taken out of the way, many were id
good hope of fome good end to be made of thefe?
Civil Wars, more dangerous unto the ftate of both
thefe afflicted Countries, than were the great and
puiflanr Armies of the Turks, which were almoft
every Year in the heart of the one or of the other
of them to he feetw
Now was the Rebellion grown fo great in Hun- fj, e Name
gary % and the Rebels fo ftrong, that even the very of the a«r-
Name of the Germans was become unto the Hun- *>*** °&~
garians both odious and contemptible; infomuch, SJf'j^^,
that- Bafta offering to have put new Supplies of 'rims* • '
German Souldiers into the City oi'fyrna, then in
danger of the Haiducks; the Govemonrs of the
Place not only refuted to receive them, but alfo to
let them have anv thing of them for their ready
money, faying, That they had Citizens enough
in the City to defend the fame againft their Enemies;
and that therefore, as they needed not of the
help of the Germans, fothey would have nothing
to do with them. And yet as foon as Kedeitu 3 Bat-.
fcay's Lieutenant, was with his Army come thither,
they without more ado opened unto him the
Gates of the City, and receiving him in, were
about to have flain all the Germans there dwelling
amongft them, being well near a third part of the
Inhabitants; and had fo done, bvp that fome, wifer
than thc reft, confidering that the Germans having
there long dwelt, were by often Marriages
A notable
Exploit
by a few
performed, fomethiog^by lomethmg,^by night made a Road out 0/the of City joyned in Affinity with the Hungarians, and the
\Hun^ian?^r^ Hungarians with them, 8? Hun r ear ' a r n \ * n ? thc
M l I gorges, where the reft of thc Haiducks Ibft^Sth l cm otherwife
\°£ h f crwfc perfuaded
«« fu^ them,
^.wrgjng-iwpcic UICXCII or incuatduc/ts
them
^and JTurks l t lin ^great J fccuricy ^ y lay; Mm. upon whom thefe
their own ^ ^Blood. B ^And J fo ^the ^matter J Sbeing ^ refer-
^ ^
red to Bedeiua himfelf, it was by him (by the Counfcl
of one of thegreateft men of rhe Turks) order- J^jjf"
cd, that the Germans (hould be fpared their Lives, Tjna confo
that from thenceforth they fhould no more ufe drained to
theGerman but the Hungarian Apparel and Attire, * earC ?. a £
only the German Attire being taken away for tfae*SS
Germans themfelyes.
• riant.
But

864 Achmat, eighth Emferow of the Turfy.
1605
Great
Towns taken
and
rifled by
the Rebels
vxHungary.
The/Krf*
duel's and
Turfy o-
verthrown
at Freiburg
by the
WaBtns.
Vclprimm
yielded
time the
Rebels.
Si'rriit and
Aufiria
(boiled by
the Rebels.
But to proceed with thcfc Troubles according
to the courfe of the time of the Year, about the
twenty fourth of May the Turks and Tartars joy n-
ing their forces with the Rebels, burnt fourteen ,
Country Villages about the lake of Neuifdier, and I
as many more 10 other Places alfo towards Neuftat,
leaving behind them mod lamentable Remembrances
and Teftimonics of their barbarous and I
inhumane Cruelty, having put moft of the Women
and .Children to the Sword, and impaled divers
upon Stakes, carrying the Men away with
them as Captives, and the Beads and Cattel as a
Prey ; and fo leaving the Country as they went
almoft dcfolate, fcarcc any being therein left to
bewail the Miferies thereof. And about the end
of this fame Month the Rebels furprifed Simegai
Grotta, and Caperaacum, and a little while after,
Ginfium: all which Places they rifled and fpoifed,
as they did alfo Hogengoa, a great Town or the
Lord Licbtenjhim: and Niderfprunga, a Town of
CoUonitzes, which they firft rifled, and afterward
burnt 5 and with the terror of this their dealing inforced
all the Country thereabout, both far and
near, to yield unto tfaem^ only Altfiland Chremnicz,
who continued in their Loyalty, and Handing
fad for the Empcrour, did the Rebels much
harm.
About the beginning of June, certain Companies
oiturks and'Haiducks mingled together., came
again, as they had before done, to fresburg: of
whofe coming the Governour of the City -having
Advertifement, with three Troops of Wallon
•Horfc-mcn, and certain Companies of Harquebufiers,
breaking out of the City, caufed them forthrwith
to retire; which the Wafon Horfe-men feeing,
to prevent them in their Retreat, fetching a
Compafs about, met with them when they thought
themfelves pad all danger; and falling upomthem,
flew of them five hundred, and drave the reft into
Danubitu; (b that of all thofe Turks and Haiducks
none efcaped but only fourteen, amongft whom
three Turks and one fugitive Citizen oj Tresburg,\
were found: whom, together with a great Spoil,
the Garrifon Souldiers carried back with them into
the City-
At the felf-fame time the Citizens alVefprin'mm
favouring the Proceedings of the Haiducks, rofe
themfelves in Rebellion alfo, and taking the Capfain
of the Cattle, together with his Lieutenant and
the Keys of the Caftle, caufed them to be carried
to Redeim, Botfcafs Lieutenant ; yielding themfelves
into his Protection. Of which Revolt of
the City the Turks took exceeding Pleafurc, and
forthwith fent News thereof unto the Sultan, wi(hing
him to hafle the coming of his Army, for that
the Paflages were now laid open unto his farther
Conqueft j and farther advifing him ftill more and
more to encourage Botfcay in his Rebellion.
And now was Hungary too little, or elfe too
bare, to contain and fatisfie the {fill increafing Rebels,
who in great number breaking, into Stiria (as
tHey had before done on the other fide of Hungary
into Moravia) did therein great harm, waiting and
fpoiling all before them as they went; infomuch
that County Serin, the Lord Nadafii, and Budian,
all-right worthy men, and fuch as heretofore had
done great things againft the Turks for the Chriftian
Commonweal, feeing themfelves, and all
that they had, in danger to be fpoiled, being themfelves
not able to withftand the Rebels, nor any
other flay whereon to reft, fubmitted themfelves
unto Botfcay, as did many other Noblemen of that
Country alfo. Out of Stiria the Rebels made head
into Anuria, and there roaming up and down the
Country, did like harm.
Thus was the State of Auffri* and Hungary at
cmsume moft mifcrable, which for that it is fo well
|et down in certain Letters by a grav|lSMSS
(landing Citizen of Vienna, who was himfelf an
ye-witnefs of moft part thereof, as that it cannot
well better be exprefied; J have thought it good
to rcferr the Report thereof unto the Letters thern-
(elves.
ALL Auftria (faith be) is full of Mifery and
Calamity. Prom out of the Caftle and
Bulwarks here at Vienna, a man may foraetime
at once behold fifteen Towns and Villages all on
andAKfl.ru
fire in the Country hereabout, kindled partly by notably de»
the Rebels and Turks, and partly by our own fcribeaby
mutinous Souldiers. Odenburg is yet befieged. and *he Letter!
the Haiducks have forraged the Country as far as of a Citizen
of V\-
Hinberg\ whom bad not the Regiment of CoBo-timamite
reprefled, thefe our Suburbs of Vienna had
now been taken, ranfack'd, and burn'd. Neuftat
is on every fide befieged by the Enemy 5 all the
Villages about Vienna, as far as Drefskirc. are
with rite deftroyed; they of Newjiat went about
to have cut off loriie part of the Enemies Forces,
but with evil Succefs, having loft above fifty of
their own men. Brunna and Entsundorfe are alfo
with Fire confumed. The Wuttons lye incamped
at Miedling, moft miferably fpoiling the Country
People of all that they had: The Haiducks having
by night furprifed the t great Town of Al~
tenburg, and from thence carrying a great Prey,
have burn'd it; The Caftle had endured the like
fortune, had not an hundred Harquebufiers,that
were by chance come thither, holpen to defend
kg > Six thoufand of the Enemies lye about Vejfelbourg;
but whether the WaQons will attempt any
thing againft them or no, it is greatly doubted.
Presburg is alfo in great danger; for the Garrifon
Souldiers there do threaten the cruel Spoil of
the Citizens* and all Extremities, #by a certain
Day they receive not their Pay; who if they
(hall depart thence, there is no doubt but that the
HaiducluyriW forthwith fucceed them in their
Places. Thefe men indeed do pretend Religion;
but what Lovers they be thereof, the late Example
of a Minifter by them moft cruelly tormented,
not far from Gebbelfdorfe, doth manifeftly
(hew. The Report is^ That the Vayvod of Valachia
doth favour neither part; into which Province
a great number of Tartars are come in the
Aid of Botjcay. All the Market-Places and Streets
here in this City, lye full of poor fugitive Creatures
of all Sex and Ages; a mod mifcrable Sight
to behold* Our own mutinous Souldiers baec
all the ways to the City, and exclude us from all
manner or Victual; and not to ufe many words,
in Cruelty and Hoftility almoft exceed the very
Enemies. The Hungarian Rebels, who of late
forraged Aufiria, have carried away with them
above eight thoufand Head of Cattef, which, together
with the Prifoners by them taken, they
have fent into Turkey- The little Boys and Children,
which cannot by rcafon or their tender
Years go, they carry along with them upon Horfes,
whofe pittiful Mourning and Lamentation
might move even the very Stones ; and yet arc
they (inhumane men ) no whit moved : yea,
many of thefe poor Souls are here and there by
the way found dafhed againft the Ground, with
their Brains beaten out. And thefe Rebels in their
Behaviour (hew fuch Cruelty, as whereat the very
Turks themfelves were amazed. All things
about lfenjUd are by the Enemies taken and carried
away. They of Neuhufe, befieged by thirty
thoufand of their Enemies, have hitherto played
the Men, and of late repulfed the fecond Aflaulr,
with much (laughter of their Enemies. They
fay, That two thoufand Tartars, as many Rebels,
and thirteen thoufand Turks, are to be yet
Bf£9
loby
Themiferable
troubles
oF
Hm^my

gst
Odcnbmg
befieged
by the Rebels,
and
byBafla
relieved.
the Tdl'ks
feekco
liave Cafflvis
deli*
vend nil to
them by
BotfCAJl
, The 7 "urks
with.a rich
Bootj - by.
400. HMI-
•wrty - be>
trayed to
WCrover-
JSPijC of
Achmat, eighth Emferour of the Turf^.
6 cxpe&cd to conic unto the Camp at dw/ej
c who, if they pal chance to come, it can fcarce
- c be, that they of Neubu/e can long wellvhold ouc
I againft them, cfpcially being not well appointed
•5 or neceffary wOvifion. The report is, that ha*
| v ing taken Neuhufe, they will remove to Strii
gonutui. ft is faid alfo, twelve tfhoufaod Turks
< to have now pa fled over the Bridge at EJfec $
$ and great Supplies both of men and money to
f come to Botfeay-y who lierh encamped about Epe-
* iia i and is (aid to have-made a t with
( the Great Sultan, That what place foevcr either
t of the'ai fliould $w take, he fliould hold the
* fame wholly unto himfclf. 'fanhufer^ who of
f Jace was Governour ci Fi/ek, is riow(as the re~
'porrgoeth) ofCounfel wwn Iffigfogy J> Germm*
Thus far he: Whereby, the Reader (as I fiippofc)
may eafily gather the miferable el rate of
ijorfo the Countries.of Hungary md AujlrU, the
, Civilians chemielvcs being the chief Authors
thereof.
The* rebellious - Haiducks had hitherto moft
ftraightly befieged the City of Odenbourg, having
a| it in five hairy places ac once: upon
whom, Trautmanftawft*, General of the Garrifon
there, catrfing part oi fatsHorie- men to fellyforth,
skirmifhed with them from eleven of the clock in
rhc forenoon,, until! two of the clock in the afternoon;
at which time (he Haiducks beginning to
prevail, the Governour, with the reft or his Horfeme
n, certain Enfigns of Foot-men, with lomfi of
the Citizens, with three field-pieces.upon thefuddcrf
breaking ouc of cM Gate, difcomficcd the
Haiducks, pot them to flight, and flew many of
them, having taken from (hem twelve Enfigns,
With many Prifoners, whom he carried with him
into the City: of which overthrow the Haiducks
defirous to be revenged, with then* renewed Forces
fhortly after returned again unto the City,
burnt the Suburbs of the fame, and fpoilcd the
Villages thereabout. But whilft they thus lay
about Oienbourg, Bti$a } but with a fmall power,
drawing near unto (hem, they presently rofe, ana
paring over the River Vrauus, carried away with
them twotboufand head of Cartel, with a great
number of Chriftian Captives*
The Turks being not to learn to make ufe of
the drfeord of the Ghrtltians among themfelves,
had oftentimes been in hand with Boifcay, to deliver
Cajfav/a wholly into their hands' or which
ftrong City, being. the belt that the Chriftians
now held in the upper Hungary^ the Turks were
mod defirous, both for the commodious fituation
thereof, and alio for that they deemed themfelves
partly thereof already poflcfled, fome good part
of ihe Garrifon therein being Turks, as well Janiaaries
as others., The full poffofnon of which
ftrong Citv me better to obrain from Botfcay, and
to get it into their own bands, they fent unto
him three Waggons loaded with money and other
rich Commodities, for a Prefenr,- and to fupply
his wants', oy a good Convoy of four hundred
Haidnckiy and fbme Turks joyned unto them.
Which Haiducks, as they were by the way. to
Cafavia to pais by Tockay, -A ftrong Town hoi den
by the Chriftians, gave fecret knowledge unto
the Governour of the place, of their coming that
way, and that if he would receive them into the
Town, and .fo into his Protection, they would,
with fome fmall help from him. deliver into his
hands that fo rich a booty, and fo continue with
him as his faithful and trufty Souldiers. Of whole
offer the Governour well •aflured, forthwith fent
S
*«f*«!.i*«me«ijl, the Convoy,
865
ed with good Provifion, and thirty H b S l
much other rich fpoil. , * «"«cs, oeuue
cbim hath put in' ehwrmonths Viftoal- into Hafi ButtheRcbek,notwiehflandingthefeandrnch r :,
f in %r.tittftivttfiia. God in his mercy behold our other JoHes, encreafing both in number.and pow- yielded
(
poopiffli&cd and diftrefled Country* i
er, ftillmore and more in all places prevailed, but i nr0 /^e
crpedally id the upper pare pf*/»«^«w^8b«Towns
drarir, one after another, daily • revolting unco
them, as among!t rhc reft the flipoflg Town of
Totifii did f wiiereinto the Rebels entring, fent
from thence part of the great Ordnance, together
With Re/mger, a German Captain.. Governour of
the Town) and ccrtahV other German Souldiers
chore taken, unto Kedtim, Botfcay's Lieutenant,
then lying with agceit*Army of thirty thoufand
Hungarian Rebe'ls and Turks, at cb&Sicge of the
flrong Town and Caftle of Newhufe: which, as Nenhup
it haa ofeentinfes by^iim been fharply aflaulted, hardly a- 1
fo was it by the Souldiers therein moft notably J^'antiy"' and
defended, protefling, never to yield the fame, but defended,
to hold it our even to the Jaft man therein to be
left alive** which caufed Redeius 9 for the encouraging
of his Souldiers, (who had now lain therff
certain months at the Siege thereof) to promile
unto them the whole fpouof the Town, and of
all that therein was; And yet for all' that, oft
times kept back the Turks from aflaulring the
lame, for fear left if they fliould by force have taken
it, chey would by force alio have holden ic
unto themfelves, as a Place for them moft commodious
for the conquering of chat which remained
of che upper pare of Hungary: which he,
though one of the greatefc Rebels, was. yet loch;
to have ic to fall into their hands; and yec him-
(elf, with che Haidueisj the Hungarian Rebels, aff
terw-ud, viz. the i%tb. of July, gave thereunto a
rooft furious AlTaulr, infbmuch that having advanced
ten of rheir EnAgos to the top of the Ram* w&«
piers, they were in great hope even prelently to
nave taken it, but yec were by therefolute Valour
of the Defendants notably repulled, and inforced
again to retire, leaving behind them above
feven hundred- of their more forward men dead
in the Trenches: unto which Siege theBaflaof
Agria came alio afterward with three thoufand
Horfe-men and a Number of Janizaries 5 fo chat
the befieged) partly with Mines, parfly with Shot tiewhuk
and often Aflaults diftrefled, were fo wafted and diftrefled.
wounded, that there were lcarcely two hundred
whole and found men left in the whole Garrifon;
befidc that, both Victuals and Powder begun
now to grow fcarce alio, fo that they were broughc
unto fucn extremity, as that well theycould not
be in a worle cafe: and vet armed with a conftantRefblution,
they feemed nor to be any. thing
therewith daunted or dilcouraged, brie ftill valiantly
held it out. , -
The Hungarianj 3 imilmg in the Me of Shut in fheRebeft
che River of Danubm, having before fubmicted in the ifle
themfelves Unco the Rebels, did with their help J* &*'
much trouble the Paflages unto the TOWHS of Bob • t jJ emr || fW
anj Comoro, and the City of Strigonium; unto » a inumo
whom certain MelTengets were fent on the Em- we Empeperdur's
behalf, to r*riwade them to forfakc the rGur «
Rebels^ and to teturn again unto their ancient
Obedi-

866 Achmat, eighth Emferonr of the 7«r%.
Articles by
ifar/far propounded
unco the
Empe-'
roursCommiflioncrs
for the appealing
of
the Tumults
in
the upper
Hiaimy.
Obedience.. Who fo well ufcd the matter with
them, that caking a Truce for eight days* they in
the mean time fent five of the chief men amongft
them by Ship to fresbungj offering unto the Governour
there, That if they might be fecured of
their Goods and Safety, and that the Haiduch that
were with them might be entertained iu Pay, they
would be ready again to take the Oath of Allegiance,
and faithfully to ferve him as became his
loyal Subjects and Valiant Souldiers; and for .the
aflurance thereof, to leave their Wives and Children
as Pledges at Freiburg. 'Which their Offer,
was unto the Governour vory acceptable and welcome,
who yielding unto their Redueft, in friendly
fort ditmtfled them. Bu| they being returned
home, and having declared to the celt of their
Fellows what they had done, it was by general
confeht agreed, Tnat four thoufand of them fhould
joyn themfelyes unto the Emperours Power under
the Regiment, of Cottonitz, who,to be known from
VjtherSj wore in their Crefls certain fpecial Feathers;
their Wives and Children being carried to
Presburg as Pledges of their Faith; but this Agreement
by them made with the Governour of trefburg
being once known, the reft of the Rebels in
the Country thereabout together aflembled with
toe Turks, invaded the Ifle, in hope upon the
fiidden to nave, furpiiled them; but, deceived of
their Expc&ation, were by the Inhabitants of the
lfle, and by the help of certain German Troops,
overthrown and put lo flight/ and three thoufand
of them there flain. i
L About the beginning of i^iy certain Commiflioners
were fent on the Emperour's hehalf toGij/flvc,
to intreat with Botfcay concerning a Pacification
to.be made* who being by mm there honourably
entertained, and having with him frayed
almpft a wholeiMonthj were at length, the nine
and twentieth;of the fame month, again difiniffed.
Now the Articles which Botfcay propounded unto
thefe Commiffioners to be confidered 6f for the
making of a Peace, and which for the mofl part
were agreed upon in the Peace afterward concluded
betwixt the great Sultan and the Emperour,
were thefe* ,
. Firft, that icflwuld be lawful, for all fuch as
Would, 03 have the free exercife of the reformed
Religion. For although ( as he faid ) he was not
ignorant that, there was an ancient Decree amongft
the Hungarians, whereby all that profefled'not the
Catholick Religion, or that revolted from the
fame, were to be burnt, and that he defired not
to have that Article repealed; yet that his Rcqucft
was, That the Emperour, having regard unto the
Troubles of the prefent time, would promifc and
allure, That from thenceforth no man fhould be
troubled for his Religion, or called in quefHon for
his Conference and Belief. Befides that, he rcquefted
to have the Principality of Traefibania during
his Life; yet with.this Condition. That after his
death it fhould again return unto the Emperour, fo
that the Emperour in his Abfcrtce fhould appoint a
natural Hungarian to govern the fame, as alio to
have the chief Government in Hungary. That
there fhould no more Bifhops fit in Council but
one, and that he, if it fhould be fo thought meet,
fhould bear the Office of the Chancellor. That
the Liberties and Priviledges of that Kingdom
fhould be kept whole and inviolate. That it fhould
be lawful for him only to make choice of the chief
Palatine of the Kingdom.^ That Goods confifcated
for any offence committed, fhould not be difperfed
or fold, but given to men of deferr. That
all Offenders againff the State from thenceforth
fhould be judged by the Council of Hungary.
That none fhould be preferred to Bifhopricks in
Hungary, but fuch as were of the noble Hungarian
Blood. That all Injuries heretofore done,
fhould be nbfolutcly pardoned, forgiven and forgotten.
All which things, if they might be granted,
he pcomifed to labour to the uttermolt of his
power, upon the befi Conditions he might, to
procure a Peace betwixt the Great Sultan and the
Emperour. Lafl of all lie requeued, That the
Charters of Peace, containing thefe Articles tbtis
agreed upon, might be lublcribed and confirmed
by the Bifhop of Romt t the Emperour, the King
or Polonia, and all the Imperial Kingdoms and
Provinces.
The Turkifh Sultan understanding 1 ofthisTreaty
of Peace betwixt the Emperour and Botfcay, by
The Great
Sultan loth
a Mcflenger fent in hafte to Botfcay, fought by thatBarfeaj
fhoold
great* Offers and Promifes to hinder the fame;
come to a
putting him withall in remembrance, That i little
before this Treaty made, he had not only by the Empe*
Peace with
Words, but by Letters alio, fubferibed with his row*
own hand, promifed unto Botfcay's Ambaffadors
fent to Confiantinople, That he would bring to pais,
that Botfcay, rewarded with fuch Priviledges as
King John in formertime enjoyed, fhould in (hort
time be proclaimed aod crowned King olHupgarv,
andjhat to that purpofe he was even now ready
to fend a Scepter and a Crown, the Ornaments of
a King, to Alba Regain. But for the prefent, he
by thefe Meilengers fent unto Botfcay two goodly
Hoiies, with Furniture of Gold, glittering with
precious Stones; He fent him alfo a rich Scimitar,
a pair of golden Spurs, and a long Horfemans
Coat garnifhed with Gold and precious Stones of
great prices perfuading him valiantly to pcrfift in
his former courfe and purpofe. Which he failed
not to do: .for immediately after, he with a gallant
Train went from Cajfovia into Tranfih/ania,
there to take of the Nobility of that Province the
Oath of their Fidelity unto him; accounting no
pains or labour great, which he took to turn the
People from their Obedience unto the Emperour,
and ro ftrcngthcnhimfelf. At which time he alfo
fent Redeius his Chancellor, with (bme others, in­
Hefendeth
AmbaiTadors
into .
to Po/onia, to renew the Confederation Which was
Po/onfa,and[
fometime betwixt the Polonians and the Hungarians
: who, being admitted unto the King's Pre­
Died Ait
b there do*
sence, and Audience given him, firft declared the
Caufes of the Difcord and Civil War that then
was in Hungary, which he imputed chiefly unto
the Oppreffion of Religion, the free exercife thereof
being forbidden them; and to the Infblency of
the Germans, who there at their pleafure commanded
over them. Upon which two Points be
flood much, labouring with many Words to perfuade
the King thereof; and afterwards requcfting
him of his gracious Goodnefs, and of the care
which he j together with other Chriftian Princes,
had for the common quiet of the Chriftian Commonweal
in general, and efpecially of thole two
diftrcfled Countries, lying as it were even in the
Enemies Mouth, to enter into Confutation how
the fame Evils might be remedied, and thofe fo
great Troubles again appealed, and to the effecting
of fo good a work to put to his helping hand.
W hereunto the fang anfwered, That the friendfhip
wherein Botfcay offered to joyn with him being
but the renewing of the ancient Amity betwixt
the Countries of folonia and Hungary, to be unto
him pleafing; howbeit, he could not for all that,
fas he faid) well like plBotfcay*s Revolt from that
Houfe and Family, whercunto he was himfelf fo
near adjoyned in Affinity; promifing yet neverrhelcfs,
that he would propound the matter unts
his Nobility, to be farther confidered of: which
when he had indeed done, it was by common
con fent agreed, That no Aid fhould be given out
of Fohnia unto Botfcay or the Rebels 5 and that
whofocver fhould from thence afford him an v Aid,
fhould
Bttfcxypx
eth into
Tranfitv*'
tua.

flfijuld therefore lofc his Head. Wfth-wviieh anfwer
trie Amballadours returned to Botfcay much
difcontcntcdj being now with a great Power again
returned out of Tranjjk/ania to Caffovia.' 1 ** **^
The Lord
K —i^ this Time the Lord Ruflborm( fomcbeharicd.
The Turks
doubles
againft his
Rebels ami
t,mcs General of the Emperours Array againft the
Tutks'in Hungary^ a Manxf great Note and Valour,
and of whom we harc before much fpoken)
[ at Prague fallinginto words, and from words to
I Wows, with Francis Count Be/ioio/a his Brother,
j Preparations to be made on fte other fide for their from being
and their Men taking their parts on both (ides, ic
fortuned the faid Francis, the Earls Brother, being
gn'evoufly wounded, to be there flain, Be/ioiofa
himfclf being alio in five places dangcroutfy hurtj
who fo hardly papfecutcd rhe Death of his, Brother
agiinft the LotaKUfvtorm a that within a while after
he was therefore by thefcmperour c6ndemned,
and at Prague beheaded, and diver? of'his Men
hanged, with fuch Weapons hanging at their heels,
as wherewith they bad flain the laid Francis, the
Earls Brother.
Now Was the time of the year come, when as
the Turks'great Armies were wont to be feen even
in the heart of Hungary I'tipSybeii, luch were-their
the Perflate
umo
Ijfoublcs in afia, both with the Perflan and-their
praTitTThe | Rebels, that they were not at liefure now to
Easi, an—jctiy fuch great Forces as they had before died,in­
theChriftfansjn
the WW.
Achriutt, • < eighth Emferour of the 7Mr.
to Hungary j neither could the Chriftian fcmperour
on the other fide now raife fuch a Power as he
had in former times done tooppofe againft them,
and to hinder their proceedings. The Hungarians
thernfclves(hisgreatefffirength in thofe Wars)
were now generally revolted from frrrn, and for
mod part followed the jfcnfigns of the Rebel Jfof-
[cay. The Princes Wont to fend him aid both out
of Italy and out of Germany, now afforded him
little or none ac all $:a^nd his mcrcinary Souldicrs
lor want of pay were now almeft every where up '
in Mutiny ready to forfakehis Service, and to pay
thernfclves With the fpoil bf his Countries,even unto
the Gates of Vienna. So that had not the Turks
been fo bulled in the Eafi, but at liefure to have
turned their whole Power into Hungary, as oftentimes
"tb'ey had before* done, it is hardly to be
imagined-what fhould have letted them to have
over-run, not only that which remained of Hungary,
but .even all Auftria, with fomegood part of
Germany alfo; the Emperours Preparations being
then fo fmall, and his 1 Forces fo weak, as that they
were not able to hold the held againft his own
rebellious Subjects, much lc£» againft fo puiflant
and dreadful an Enemy. But God,which with his
Word hath Ccc bounds unto the raging Sea, be-
Vond which it cannot pafs, and by whole Power
Kings do reign, and' jPflnccs bear rule/, had by
other means averted the'greateft pare of the Turks
ForcesEastwards• fo zhax^erdar Bajfj 9 Sultan Achmat\Lieutenant
General for his Wars againft the
GhcHtianS, came this yeajr but with a, right fmall
Army | M comparifon qfthofe which theTurkifli
Sultans were Wont to (end) into Hungary. "Howbeir,
With filch Forces as he broughr, ind with
fuch Supplies of the Rebels in Hungary as came unto
him, he being grown fifty thoufaud ftrong, and
The Turks in the- tjriftti' time td deprive the 'be-'
iGyt
fieged of all relief to be lent unro'fhcm down dlt'^cvw
River of Danubius, made a great Bridge of Boatd The Turk*
over the River, well fortified at both ends thereof Jj£,f
on each fide the River with a ftrong Corps de guard over the
for the defence thereof, fothat nothing could that River of
way pafs to or from the befieged City; Which D *"«*''^»
things much difmaied thenxin the:City,feeing tkr SrtoSwi
Defence or Relief ; yea Bafh himfelf, General Of that«»
fuch fmall Forces as the Emperour had then, fee- te|,crc^
ing the Enemy fo ftrong, and hirafelffo weafe, began
greatly to doubt of the fivent of this Siege;
and yet neveVthelc6 refolutely fee down to employ
both his Valour and his Wifdom for the lifeguard
of the Place, he,doring the time of the Siege Jailed "
nor to the utr'eti of his Power to flteWthe F.fc • j~ a !
fects both of the oncand of the oefcerv't'•>
And now the Turks, zffl\cd*H\tb\xWfautigari* 2"?%?"
an Rebels, had performed an Exploit upon the life forij^by*
of Strigonium, as well to rake the fame from the Im- cheJfcapcriaIs,
as for the fpoil and pillage thereof. The fote3 vfito tnat Serme; with
whom Monfieur de. Lakhl, a NobW'yofliig'Gcntlet
I man'ojf Frame. 0 who hot a\(cib'$ifs before wais
newly come unto the Camp, fcAvmePfronourable
| defire'he had to (eeService, and^ttt^ftrVe himfelf,
Wfth'h is Troop of Hor femen whon/Ke had broughr
with him out of W&ribfl went over" intiochVulana'
alfbV'Whcranco'wh&ka's the Rebels fliortly after
again entered, they wiiW^yy Cctibnft&dvirtbtoWh 32i^*
and driven cVtft tof the ffiej two hundred 1 ' and fifty dMc y **:
of them being flain, and above fifty more of them ife 0 fl*ritaken
Pfifoners-.? ,, fo i ,which J . Cxin&$l'4ko noble tmm, by
yoiih^Gentleinariiflwa^ fo bravely twtfavc?d him- cMmnx.
fclf, as rhat he gained unto himfelf tnu^ch Honbor T"'
a}ld Renown 1 , every mains Mouth beirigfall of-his
Pra'ifeS, and wondering to fee fo great Courage
ffl^fo ^bunc yijirrs; Tier f>eing then fcarce riine-
I tceA years olu. W ith wh ich ld(s the^ Rebels rafhet
i.entllgcd^thanf-difeouraged, Aortly after returned
out of fear of the Emperours Forces, came tfip Sine j
1 'afaro? m greater flu'mber, and better refolved;
and twentieth day of August to. Strigonium. and
! ^bere^beiwijrcthjm, 'and them tliktweitf left fot
Strigonium
be-
h' s Army (part lurks, part Tartars*;and part'
—o-^BfwE^k
tfi(e v fle*nj:e df thc/Iflarid, was fbiigbfft morefhar^
fiegedby
the Turks, difloyal Chriftia'ns ) encamped in the leff lame
J fn| Hdody fight than was the K^nSfefe yet fo, as
place.where the Turb'ATmy Had* buTtfic yeat
that'tlTe Rebeh weW4riftreed
, ag^frf , Wfffe" f lois > tt>
before lodged; having'xhfbxight with him forty
"fAfiW.'^lfe which Jfcl hot and Wbfldy 1 a^Sfeirttoifh,
great pieces of Batrerlwltn aft things Cife ncccflary
UbMurt^ Laitaf,' having mof!'vaflBMly n l9bfliJ Wrafelfjagafilll
the? B*fthyV' Mid' done tihtiufch fofhis
for the Slcgtf. Neitlrcr Wcrtftne, Turksfooncrencamped,
but that the?- Xarlats which came with
Honour, oiit x ri6r l fe*c^>Afentcd' but catritd away
them'to the Siege (pfterfnqr wdntecl rrianner) more
wMrtfje heat of :^c«ith, and dfe f aeYlre dP^lory,
defirous of Pccy and Rodtv t^aryof-Honour 'and
ar/dFrkJt orhcrt^ifc? tir M^p^t^faiSf^ hstit flill ad- .
Victory, paffing over die RlVeT bf Wan ?nto the
vc^tB^oOfly preffin*'

868 Achfliat, eighth Emperour of the Tttrty.
\6o]
5. Thmtu\
Fore battered
and
B {faulted
By die-''
Turks,
_!sM
Buc die Rebels riorfo difcouraged, but IHHio one
place or other invading the Ifland, and cbreatning
the Wanders ;with all Extremities, except tbey
Would take part with them $ what by Force,
What by PerfwaGon,fo much prevailed with them,
that the molt pare of them revolting from the
Em.p&ouTj, upon the- fudden let upon the Count
of 1 being thep in the Jfland, and having
flain three hundred oftis men,gcievpufly wounded
himtelf alfo. For cftc fpecdy appeaGngof which
Multitude, Maftd fqnt ov/r ipto'phe Ifland certain
Companies of the Ikatzians and Wallans. who not
regarding chat mc Jflauders were daily damnified
by the- Rebels, moll mifetaWy fpoded them of
whatfoeyetthc Rebels bad yet left them/
The Tyr-^Sj encamped before fyigoniim, fieffi
planted their Battery agajnft theilronK Fort, (landing
aloft upon Saint taomas's Hill s tor that from
thence they fhould have received infinite barm, if
tbey fhould before the winning thereof have attempted
to:shave won the City j it {landing on
rjj Backhand aU the plain betwixt the Hill and
the City where in they yfefc to plant their Battery
beingfubgelt untp it* Wnicb Fore, though very
fjrong, they with continual Battery by^ the fpace
of almoli three weeks, leaving with infinite charge,
aj
number of their Men, made affaultabkj
jtbe*/our. and twentieth day oiSen&nher.
mounted, the Hill to affaultthe fame, unto
ifehieh aifaul* fch$ywent.upithe Hill fo thick, one
tWfting a*aather forward, thaf the Hill fectfled
now $p feenothing but a. mount pr heap of armed
Mcti, fcarce ajDSjpari of it dicing tq be teen, it was
fa covered wjfib them. Upon •whom fo (warming
pp, the rGhr-i^ns. in the Fort, having repoted all
the hope} A$ s|j&ffi .\Vejfl|rc .4R 3 thejt Valqur. and
rcfoi ved t^tvegy, |tjo, die or Uvg, couragcoully d i ft
cpargnd th^i;'ruuir4ia-;ing ftqc, both great x-A
fmall, fcarce^any of their deadly Bulleci.uiyng^n
vain. Mowofifl, the Turks, rcliolutely .let down
fgg performingof that they, had taken in hand,
lyi#out-iwfrc$-ojf Death or Danger, came ftfl
defperarcly. pn, un^il that they were come to the
pulh of Pike, and fo to handy .blows even in the
very Br*K;ru:s 4 which the long fury of tfie Turks
-Cannon had made very aflaultablc. Five hours
;th is furious afjault was by the Turks maintained,
and by the Chriftians wjch invincible Courage
rflnd,Rclp}utjan>©ndurcd, many brave and valiant
^0.felling oPifeorfe fides,} and thrice the Turks
Jff9M|r]» weteisnforccd caretire, but were Bill by
their Commanders brought on again. The lols
-sMariT iWas to both (ides common, many worthy Men
-oi »^ -tf;. fiiereendingSheir Days, worihy pfaerpalFame.
rfj auihsv rThfi Qiriflwns- fc 11 dead upon met Turks flain by
jn&toaBI ifeeifi wjjpifty and the Turks upon the (oh'rulians
Jflajn t>yrd^>(lu^iivd9.'^^batu^ou]dwe l £iy^
The Turks by numbers died, but not their Force,
.nv.airfo $Hafc bfii%j?5i their gceajc numbers mil maintained
even in dcfpjght of Death, and always living ip
tjidr great Multitude yeEle^c^e", Which was
flffi'loivdlw^ej Deicndanrfl.ppp cvt*; ajite pqn r
Itrary; who .could ^t-lofe^Kipruy man, without
diminifhing of tneura^V.andmcjapso^rc-
•ft&roce% fo that they fti]l 'ipfi^wachour hope of
'ttftEuatd* und-vei (^d.^i^Lm bfaf yrvbr
put conn nufpApt thqir. fagreat /o|a. |gg ^e [t|*at
, ftill fighwrj qn^ fambH+mtlmt without
, fiope oikfcllHvg his Inensyfi feeing^op palghty for
him m.wywms, w& ^m^x^.

Power and
Valour the
life of
great Actions.
The bafe
Town of
Gti um |
won by the
Turks,
The upper
Town of
Snigonium
in by
the Turks
Adaulted.
Strigohhm
tin
mined.
Achmat, eighth Emperow of the Turfy. S6 9
not overcome chcfc Mifcreants, their number ffill
impairing in a Moment what Death had taken
away in to Hour ; whereas our Men flew others
but Co pflain themfelves; and fought not but
to become Sacrifices unto Death themfelves, and
not by their refinance to carry away the Victory
againft inexorable Deffiny. The fight was great
and tcrrible-atid the bullepftill flew, few of them
falling in vain amongft fuch a multitude and preafe
©J They of the high Town, who rhetpfclyes
expected the like danger wherein their Companions
now floated betwixt Life and Death, (food a-
bove*looking on, not daring to give them aid, or
to remove out of their ftrengen, but refer ving themfelves
with all theft Forces, for the fole fafeguard
of themfelves, and for their own defence. Tiowbeic,
all this while the Enemies Forces Hill incrcaled,
and the Chriftians diminifhed ; for Death could net
weaken rhcfcSj- whereas it Hill deftroyed ours,
who failed but in number, not in Valour, and gave
place but unco the force of death, and not unto the
force of men- All-the deadly blows appointed to
be given for the defence of a Breach, had been by
our men given $ all the Arms neceflary for fuch a
purpofe bad* been employed, all refinance that
could be dented had been made, and all the Duties
of valiant and worthy men performed; fo that
nothing here wanted but number, and not valour.
But in all fuch A&ions there are two things nceeffary,
the one for the helping of the other, for the
cowefpondency of their flbwerf which both joyned
in one Body, may do all things, but being divided,
can neither of them do any thing again ft
him which is poffeffed of both.
In fine, after four Attempts in this A flank,molt
of the Chriftian Defendants being flain, the Turks
forced the reft, and gained the Breach, treading
under foot the dead bodies both of the Turks and
of the Chriftians, to gee into the City. This Place
thus won, and thofe chat were left put to the
Sword, and the Town- rifled ; the Turks yet in
breath, and all embrued in Blood, gave an Attempt
unto the high Town, in fome hope, even at
that time, in ifo great a Confufion of the Defendants,
to have carried the fame alfo. Howbeir,thc
Defendants beholding their Weapons yet dropping
with the Blood of their Friends and Companions,
and ready to fbed' theirs alfo, for the
prefent notably repuMed them: Who, (b difappoinced
of their purpofe, and defiling to train the
Place with; the leaf! lofs they might, re'folved to
take the fame by undermining of it, repofing more
truft in the Spade and the Mattock, than in their
Swords and Harquebufcs^bcing by Experience of
their former Sieges taught, how hard and dangegerousa
thing itwasby Battery and Aflault to obtain
the fame. This travel in the Mines took fuccefi
according to their defire; for within a few
days, the Mines, (with much labour) being*
brought to Perfection, and fire put unto them,
they failed not to work their efleft, but with
their great Violence blew up the Walls, Rampiers,
Men, and Munition, all together, calling
forth fuch Smoaks and Flames as wherewith a
number of the Defendants were fmothered and
burnt. Which Breaches lb made, and the defences
of the City blown up, in fuch fort, that the Chriftians
lay open to the*Enemies deadly fhot, being
not able any more to fhew themfelves without
danger of their Lives, the Turks in order forthwith
came to affault and force the fame. Which
the Captains of the Chriftians beholding, prepared
themfelves to withfhmd them, and to that
purpofe would have given order unto their Souldiers
for the defence both of the Breach and of
the Walls; whom they found fuch as Zumenes
at-his greatcft need found his, not willing in any
wife to fight, and in the moft afTured peril of
Death, without Courage, either to vanquifh their
Enemies, or defend themfelves; in fuch fort, thac
not one of them would put themfelves in order,
fhew themfelves upon the Breach, or come near
the Walls. Lazy Cowards^chufing rather* to attend
an afTured death in their Cowardife and want
of Courage, than toadvenmre their Lives into the
danger of Arms; well djlferving to endure the
fame with difhoubur, feeing that they refufed by
nondurable refinance eg prtferye their Lives. The
Captains, for all cfaadBy fair fpceches, and by
threats, ceafed not tojtir them up ; praying, exhorting,*
and fomcfSHfc with- Death threatening
them, .if they thusretufed to do their Duty, ana
with their naked Swords in their hands, would
have enforceothem to the Breach. But all in vain;
their dead_ Courages being not to be revived or
ftirred up in their fo great a feat of Death; Which
much dilmayed the Captains, feeing their Lives
and Honour, together with the Place, (rnrough
this Tumult and Cowardife of their Souldiers) to
be m extream peril. During which time., the Turks
coming oruhid without any great refinance gained
the foot of the Breach; whom the Souldicrs now
feeing fo near unto them, and out of hope to be
relieved, and deftitute of Courage alio, inftead of
crafting unto their Arms and Valour, betook
themfelves onto the refuge of their fhame and
CoWardile. For compafling in the Counc Dam-
The Garriibn
by Souldipjjm•/•

870 Achmat, eighth Emperow of the Twig?
In an Action wherein they ought to fliew themfelves
moft valorous; and by their Cowardife become
fub jeft onto them, whom at other times they
had accounted unworthy to be compared with
them in Valour. That they fliould laytheir -Hands
upon thtir Hearts, and remember their EUarcand
Faith; bound unto the fiift by their Honour, and
to the fecond by their Duty. That they were Men
of War, living by thetc Pay, which bound them
to the Service of him from whom they receive^
it, even unto Death ; having before obliged their
Lives unto their Pay; anOThat they were Chriftian
Subje&Sjbound to keep their Promifc given by
Oath before God. That forgetting either the one
or the other of thefc thingfjfhcy deprived themfelves
of the Pay promifed to them which performed
their Service; and lofing thefr Renown in
this World for their Cowardife,and in the World
to come for breaking their Faith. That therefore
they fliould continue conftant in the performance
of the#Duty, rcfolving themfclvcs rather to endure
an honourable Death, unto which belonged
the recompencc of an eternal Fame for their Valour
and Fidelity , than to prolong a miserable
Life with perpetual Infamy for their Cpward.ifc 5
whereof for all that, they could no more allure
themfelvcs by the yielding up of the place, than by
the defending thereof, for as much as the Tucks
were oft times even as cruel upon them that yield
ed, as thofe that refilled; keeping no Faith with
the Chriftians, but as.beft flood with their Profit
arid their Plcafure. And chit therefore (or his part
he was rcfolved, rather to die with Honour in the
Place, than to be beholden ro his Enemies for an
infamous and miferable Life. And that therefore
he befought them to follow him in this laft A&ion
of their devoir, which carried with it. all the
Trophies of their precedent Actions, wherein they
had oftentimes arufted him in many Actions or
Ids worth, and of much greater Peri}.
. This Difcourfc,groundcd upon fo good Reafbhs,
and proceeding from fo great Valour, might have
Moft
^wirdifo fliameful prevailed with any other generous Minds, except
with thefc degenerate Souldiers, who by their Cowardife
had hardened chemf lvc; again ft all the
points of Honour which might any way move
them ; in fuch fort, that they flood as faft in their
bafc Cowarctife, as did their General in his valorous
and ebnftant Relolution. They flood with
their Hands behind them, without any Weapons
in tbJBk as-was their Minds without any Courage
at alrP^d.as ( -M j Gn appointed to be lacrificed upon
the Altar of, peath, attending without moving,
but the Hands,of them that fliould facriflce them.
'Great and fnamclffs Cowardjte, not daring by reiifiance
to wit/1 fland the Violence of their Enemies,
for fear ojf hindering them in their de-fires,
being indeed fuch as had vowed their Death to
fatisfie their own Fury. Mean while, Ibme of thefc
gpiildiers feeing their Speeches to be but vain, and
not aisle to move their Governour to fatisfie their
defire, conceived the fame their Rcqucfls, with
"tji'e Rc^fons thereof, into Writing, which they
.lent unto him. Which the Governour having
read, in their fight tore their Letters in pieces, ana
jrod thefame under his Feet; rejecting as well
rtheir, Demands by Letters, as he had done their
!Requcftsby Words. In brief, having forgotten
nothing of the Duty of a worthy General, and
valiant Captain, joyned now thereunto the Office
ofa urnpleSouldier, going himfelf unto the breach,
with fome few, to defend the fame. But the more
the Count flood upon this his fo great Refolution,
the more thefe cowardly and mutinous Villains
proceeded in their bafe Obftinacy, in fo much
that they, fell from Prayers to Fury and Rage,
rhreatning to deliver him their Governour, rogc-
ther with the Place, unto the Enemy, to iavfc 1605
their Lives, if he himfelf would not by Treaty ^^Bg
favc them from the imminent Perils. If thefe hue
Cowards were before deaf unto the juWRemooflranees
of their Governour, which might have
preferved them from Death and Infamy, he was
alio as deaf as they, to conceive their Rcqucfts,
or to be moved with ttiSir Threats; Icnowing that
he had more Reafon on his fide, by conftant Valour
cq withftand the wicked and fliameful Refolution
of his Souldiers, than they had with Dishonour
to enforce him, or to offer him Violence,
to their eternal Shame and Infamy.
In the mean time, thefe obltinate and enraged Moft tar-
Cowards proceeded from Words to Deeds, and; rible infofrom
Requefls to Violence, as did oft times the ^n< 7 of
difloyal Souldiers of ROOT*, in flaying the good souldiers
Emperours. For they in cruel manner, without againft
Reverence, by force layed Hands upon the Go* their Governour,
put him in Priibn, and afterwards era* VCTnour -
ving Parley, fell to Treaty with the Great Baifa
about the delivery up of the Place.. Wherewith
the Bafla well contented, fent in unto them H*fo
Batfa, to conclude the matter. Where,afcer Come
little Talk,it was agreed,That they fliould deliver JhcCon*
up the Place ( which was noc indeed theirs to dif- JjJJJJL. j
pofc of) and that the Bafla fliould therefore pro- on strijtroife
and fuffcr them with Bag and Baggage in mm*m
fafety to depart whither they would, with their «° be deli-*
Enfigns frilled up, and Fire in their Marches; Jg£jj£
leaving behind them their great Ordnance, with
all their other Munition and Warlike ProviGon.
Which only Compofuion>by the perfidious Souldiers
made in the abfence and in durance of their
General, was by the Turks faithfully kept,aroongft
a thoufand others like before by them broken;
whether it were in refpect, of the eafic Conqueft of
the City, (being one of the chief and principal
Places of all Hungary ) or for that they being overjoyed
with the gainingof that which they had fo
long deiired, and now fo little hoped for, they
forgot their wonted cruelty and breach of Faith, is
doubted.
This-City thus yielded the Third of Otlcbtr, and The exthe
Turks forgetting their wonted Cruelty, ac- craordinacording
to their Faith and Promife before given, p rC 2°|!* e *
in fafety conducted thefe cowardly Souldiers with- yJJjnJJl
in a League of Comara % helping them by the way ward the
to carry their fick and wounded Men, together Garrifon
with their Fardles, which the Turks oft-times car- Soukfl"*.
ried upon their own Shoulders. Thefc Cowards,
which thus went out, with their Governour fent departure
out alfo with them, were in number a thoufand thence,
whole and found mcn,-rnted, whifft they were in
the City, with all things neceffary for their Honour
and Defence of the Place; but rherafeivesdeftitute
and void of all Honour and Courage. A
thoufand, which all together were not worth their
Governour alone, feeing that in him alone there
remained more Valour, than in all that whole
Multitude. Many of the Inhabitants which had
there long dwelt, would not forfake the Placc,but
by the leave of the Turks there remained ftill; the
reft which would not, having leave in fafety to
depart whither they would.
Thus this famous City of Strig«aium 9 one of the
ftrongeft Bulwarks of Chriflendom againft the
Turks, which the Chriftians had now holden by
the fpace of ten Years and one Month, after that
it was by Count Charles Mamfelt won from the
Turks, when as it had long time before beeo in
the Turks PoflefHon, won from the Chriftians by
Sultan SofywMi now again < as is before faid J fell
into the Power of the Turks, with threefcore and
ten pieces of great Ordnance, and a wonderful
deal of other Warlike Proviuon.
I Thefe
v
HSSS\

The Captrim
and
chief authors
of
theMutiny,
and yielding
up of
Strigonium,
imprisoned,
condemned,
and moil
fhimefhlly,
but worthily
executed.
Ciad* Bat 1
ft wich his
Army o-
ycrthtown
bythe'Perftan
King.
Achmat, eighth Emprour of the Turk.
Thefc bafe and cowardly Souldiers-, together
with the Count their Govemour, being come to
Comara, were juftly dcfpoiled both of their Honour
and of their Arms, and fenc back again to
Preshu% where, cuffed and dcteftcd of all the
World, and cfpeciaily of the Hungarians themfelves
| ( who, although they were revolted from
their Allcgcance toward the Empcrour, yet could
they not but much detcll their Co fhamcful and
notable Coward ife) were there the chief of them
committed to Prifon, where after they had for? a
certain, timela in,a nd being brought to Judgement,
and convicted or Treafon.in delivering up the City
of Strigonium unto the Turks, and in fo doing, to
have greatly damnified the Chrifban Commonweal,
they, were therefore Condemned; and according
to the quality of their offences, divfcrfly, in
this manner Executed : Captain Leonard Frederick
Schleker had his Judgement, fir ft to have his right
Hand cut off, and his Tongue drawn out behind
his Neck, and both of them nail'd to the Gallows,
and afterwards to be banged; bowbeit, through
the Interccffion of many* of his Friends, he was
not hanged, but beheaded : John Michael Schorer,
John Hopfiy Adam Lindawar, Philip Vur, and Ca*
fl>ar Liewarter, all Captains,were adjudged to have
their right Hands fir ftcut off and nail'd to the Gallows,
and afterward banged, but through the Intercefiion
of County Ma/afield, they were hanged,
and their Hands not cue off: John LaMenberger,
was condemned to be quartered alive, but was at
the Intercclfion of County Mansfield, firft Denuded,
and afterward quartered : jahn Vifchoff, with
eleven other, were only hanged : Laurence Mar*
[hali was enjoyncd to fervc two Years againft the
Turks, as a common Souidicrs without Pay, but
through the Interccflion of County Mansfield, had
one Year pardon'd him? Jeremy Strelin, with divers
others, which were either fled, or elfc remained
mil in Strigonium, were judged, their Names
to be feeupon the Gallows -, and being; afterwards
caught, fome of them to be quartered, and others
their Hands to be cur off, and nail'd upon the Gallows,
and afterward hanged. And thus thcfe difloyal
Captains, by fhunning of an honourable
Death in defence of Strigonium, and performing of
their Duty; by ncplccting the fame, procured unto
themfclvcs a molt fhamcful Death, attended upon
with perpetual Infamy and Dishonour.
But, asthelofs of this 11 ton g Place was unto the
Chriftians heavy and grievous. To was it unto the
Turks no le(s pleating and joyful; it being the Place
they had of long above all others defired, and
whereat they had ever fince the Jofs thereof, with
their great Armies in Hungary, for the fpaceof ten
Years ft ill aimed* Howbeit, this their Joy endured
not long, their Prosperity being too hot to
hold out without fome cooling blaft of adverfc Fortune.
For the fame report of Fame, which with
the right hand prefented unto the Great Sultan,
at Constantinople, the pleading news of the winning
of Strigonium in Hungary; even with the left hand
delivered likewife unto him the melancholy report
of the Overthrow of his great Armies in Afia,
with the lois of Dama/co, the greatett City of Syria.
For, to begin with the grcatcft firft: The
King of Perfia, invaded by Cicala Bafa, Sultan
Achmat's great Lieutenant in Afia; and hearing
that the Bafli of Caramania had express, charge,
with all fpeed to come unto him with a great fupply
of Souidicrs, to be taken up in Caramania, and
the Countries.thereabout; he then having a puiflant
Army ori*foot, before prepar'd for all Events,
prefently fct forward againft Cicala, whom he coming
upon before he was ready to fight, by his
unexpected coming, and Hidden charge, overthrew
his Army, and took from him all his great
Ordnances Cicala himfclf, with three hundred
Souidicrs, with much ado efcaping, and retiring
himfelf to Adena; which City, the Perfian King,
purfuing Cicala, fhortiy after firstly befiegcJ.
With which unlucky news, Sultan Achmat much
troubled^ forthwith writ unto the BaiTtf of Trefcz,ond,wim
all fpeed to fend aid unto Cicala-, who.,
taking unto him fome other of the Turks Commanders,
with a great Army fee forward on his
Journey. Of whofe coming, Cicala bearing, the
better to direct the Bafla in his proceeding, caufed
himfejf,with ten of his Souidicrs whonl he belt
irufted, fecrctly by Night to be let down over the
Walls of the City ; And fo coming to the Bafra,
together with him kept on bis way to pyn Battel
with the King, as near unto the City as he could,
for that he had taken order before he came out of
the City, that fo ibon as they Qiould perceive
the Battel to bejoyned, they fhoulJ forthwith fatly
out upon the backs of the Per/ions, and fo by
holding of them with a doubtful Battel, to further
the Victory: All which, the Perfian King hearing
of the Bafla's coming, wifely doubting, and not
willing to forfake the Siege, divided his Army, and
leaving one part thereof to continue the Siege,
went himfelf with the other to meet the Baits;
wherein he ufed fuch Expedition and Speed, that
with all bis Power falling upon him before be could
put his men in order, or range his Battel, he made
I of the Turks (now confufedfys and without all
order, fighting more for the fafeguard of their
Lives, than for any hope they had of Vidtdry)
fuch an exceeding great Slaughter, that few of
them efcaped, bur were there almoft allflain ; Cicala
himfelf, but with two or three more, having
much ado, by getting into a little Boat* and Co by
palling over the River, to efcape the danger. A6-
ter which Victory fo eafily gained, the King returning
again to the Siege, after many (harp and great
Aflaults thereunto given, and many Men on both
fides loft 3 had the fame at length yielded unto his
mercy, ;
. j . jfr>J)
Now with this news of the lofs of his Armies,
and of the Victories of the Perftan King, Sultan
Achmat enraged, caufed Cicala Bafta's Houfe 3 at
Constantinople, full of Treafure and Wealth, to be
rifled 5 after the manner of the World, deeming
of the doings of him fo great a Captain, according
to the event and evil fiicccfs thereof, though not in
his power to have been remedied; neverthelcfs,
fhortiy after, he caufed great fums of Money to be
delivered out of his Treafures, and new forces railed,
for the renewing of the War againft the Perfian
King. Unto which Service, (now become unto,
the Turks dreadful) when as many of the. Jar
nizaries were to be appointed, they, after that
proud and infblent manner, all arifing up in Mu«-
tiny, faid flatly, That they would not ftir one foot
871
out of Constantinople, except they were both before The Janizaries
Mutiny*
hand payed, and a fibred alio to have their Wages
increafed ; complaining gricvoufly withal, of the
j Bafla of Dama/co, the Great Sultan's high Trcafii»
I rcr, that he, converting the SuJta n's Treafures to his
ownufe, did not pay the Sou Id iers their wages due.
! For the appealing of which Mutiny and Tumult*
1 the Sultao caufed the fame Bafla to be apprehend-
| cd, and his Head ftrucken off, and fo with the
I price of his Blood again appeafed them. .^2:
But leaving the Perfian King triumphing in his
! Victories, and the Great Sultan grieving at his
Loffes, let us turn afide into Syria 9 to fee the Troubles
the Turks had even amongft themfelvcs, to
the weakning of their State, and the increafingof
, the Great Sultan's Cares and Grief. The two Baffaes
of Damafco and Aleppo, had fas is before dc-
I ciared) been at great Difcord and Variance be-
' twixt themfclves, and the Bafla of Aleppo in field
'
over-
The Bafla
of Trebe-
•yrnt with
his Army
difcorarTred
by the
Perfian
King.

8 7 2 Achmat, eighth Emperour of the Turfy.
iobj
TheBalTa's
ofDamnf-
€0, Tripoli*,
and Goitre,
overthrown
by
thcBafla
of Aleppo.
ThcBafla
of Tripolis
the fecond
tine overthrown
by
thcBafla
of Aleppo.
IDitmitfco
-taken and
rifled to
thcBafla
of Aleppo.
TheBeglerbrg
of
Natalia's
Lieutenant
with his
Army difcomficcd
bytheBaC
foot Aleppo.
overthrown, and in liirCicjrbcficged^ glad to
' make Peace with the other Baffa, by yielding unro
all fuch things as it pkafed him to demand.
Which two Balfaes for all that being diverfly affected
unro the State, long agreed nor, he of Damafia
continuing faithful in his Allegiance towards
the Great Sultan, and the other of Aleppo
fecretly inclining unto Rebellion. Whiehthc Baffa
of Vumafco perceiving, and joyning unto him
the Baflacs of Tripoli* and Gazare, with their united
Forces went againft the Baffa of Aleppo, leading
with them 60000 good men, with purpofe to
have befieged the BaiTa of Aleppo, his Enemy, in
.his City. But he betimes advertifed of tbjs hisDefign,
and not unprovided for his coming, quickly
called together his Forces, and had in very fhort
time raifed an Army of thirty thoufand valiant
men", whom he encouraging, and finding them
willing to follow him whithetfoever he would
lead them,-marched directly towards his Enemies;
with whom he meeting, readily joyned Battel with
them, which was fought With fuch fury and hideous
noife, as if it had been two thunder-claps
oppofing each orber in one Cloud, fttiving of
rnemfelves which fhould burft out firft, being like
People, like Arms, and like order of fight. The
medley for a great time continued (harp and furious,
the number of the one fide countervailing
the valour of the other, and the others valour
ballancing the others great number5 howbeft in
the end the one Baffa overcame the other three,
and the {mailer number the greater, and putting
them to flight, remained Cole Victors of the Field.
Now the victorious Baffa, as wife to ufe the Victory,
as he was valiant to obtain the fame, (b
eagerly purfued them, that without giving them
leave to breath, he befieged Tripoli*, the Baffa
whereof at his coming abandoned the fame, and
carrying with him all his Treafure, fled into Cyprus
\ which made the taking of the Place unto
the victorious Baffa eafie, who rifled and rabfacked
the fame; and not content with this Conqueft,
forthwitlf befieged the great and firong City of
Vamafco, refolved to die in the Plains thereof, or
to become Victorious within the Walls of the fame.
During which Siege, the Baffa of Tripolis had out
of the Provinces and Countries of the Turks thereabouts,
raifed another great Army, and was coming
to raife the Siege, and to refcue the City.
Whereof the Baffa of Aleppo hearing, rofe with
the greateft part of his Army, and meeting with
him, gave him battel, and therein the fecond
time overthrew him and put him to flight- Which
misfortune fo difmayedrhe Minds of the befieged,
that defpairing of all Succour and Relief, they, by
content of their Governour,fell to Parley with the
Enemies, and fo upon certain Capitulations yielded
unto him the Place. Whereinto the Baffa earring,
found therein great Treafure, raifed of the
Turks Tributes, whereupon he feifed, and by the
means thereof refolved to make himfelf mafler of
all Syria* the chief City whereof he had now in
his own Power \ whereunto he gave free Acccfs
and Traflick unto all the Metchants of Pfrfia, and
of the Indies.
Now in the time of this his Profperity, News i
was brought him, That the Begierbeg of NatoSa
had fent his Lieutenant with a great Armv againft
him ; who, knowing that Diligence was the Spirit
of Cbnqueft, and that to conquer was to little
purpofe, without a vigilant care for the Preservation
thereof, reftcd not upon his former good Fortune,
but marched directly towards his Enemies.
Wherein his Succefs was anfwerable unto his Defign,
for within the (pace of two days he had taken
all the Paffaces which might give wav unto his
Enemies to diftrefs him •, and in the ftraights of the
Mountains, whereby the Enemy was to | layed
a great Ambufh of two thoufand Harquebufiera
and three thoufand Hbrfe,%feo the Enemies being
paffed, and he charging them a head, let upon
them id the Rcrewaid, and broughtfuch a fear
upon tbcm, that having made a great fighr, in
fine, they having loft a number of Men* were glad
to flic, and to leave the Viewy to the Baffa. And
to the increafing of his good haps, he intercepted
a Ship, caft by Weather upon that Coaft, laded
with great Treafure, bound from Alexandria to
Confttitftlmple, with the Tributes of Egypt, belonging
to the Great Sultan. Of all which things the
Tertian King advertifed, fought to joyn with him
in Amityy highly commending his valiant Acts',
and fending unto him honourable Prelcnts; to
wir, a Piftol,'-an Helmet, and a Targuet, oil fee
with pretious Stones, efteetned to be worth fifty
thoufand Crowns. This Flame of Rebellion fprcd
abroad "oat of Syria irate Caramania, and fo farther
and farther into the leffer Afia. Which was
the caufc that the Great Sultan fent with all fpeed
unto the Vificr Baffa, then in Hungary $ commanding
him, now that Strigonium was taken, which
before had hindered the concluding of Peace, he
fliould now upon reafbnable Conditions conclude
the fame, to the end, that his Affairs on this fide
of his Empire being fet in quiet and fecurity, he
might -forthwith after turn his Forces againft the
ferfians and the Rebels in Afia.
1605
Bur after all thefe great Troubles, to return
again into Hungary. The Rebels there had of long
befieged the thong Town oiNewbufe, as is before
declared; which being hitherto valiantly defended
by the German Ga'rrifbn? therein, was now
brought to fuch Extremity, as that it was thought
almoft impoflible to be longer defended, the Garrifon
Souldiers therein being with often Affaults
tor the moil part flain, and the reft of them that
were left grievoujQy wounded. Of which firong
Town (being as it were the Key of that fide of
the Country) the Turks, which together with
the Rebels befieged the fame, were, for the commodious
Scituation thereof very defirous; and the
Rebels thereunto as unwilling, for that it being
once in their band* would hardly ever be again
from them recovered. For which caufe IlU^dfeimi
one of the Captains of the Hungarian Rebels,then
at the Siege thereof, perceiving it could not long
be kept, to the intent that the Turks fliould not
by force obtain the fame, by Letters requeued of
Bafia the Emperours Lieutenant, though then his
Enemy, That the Town might be delivered ufi
to Humanoim. another Captain of the Hungarian
Rebels, left the Turks fliould by force obtain the
fame; alluring him upon the Peril of his own Life,
and the Confiscation of all his Goods to the Emperour,
that upon a Reconciliation and Peace to
be made betwixt the Emperour and the Hungarians
his Subjects, he (hould again deliver the fame
Town and Forrrefs into his Poflcffion. Wheteup- Newhufe
on by commandment of the Arch-duke, and of yielded
Bafta, the Town was yielded up the feventeenth ""«>*?
day of the Month of Ottokr, unto the aforcfaid %£!£"
Humanoius, and the Hungarians only received into
the Town ; yet with this Condition, That the
German Souldiers which were yet left, and who
had valiantly thus long endured the Siege, might
ft ill ftay in the Town in Pay, and keep watch and
ward together with the reft of the Hungarians, Humanoitu
having command over them all.
Wherefore the Turks, feeing themfelves difappointed
of their Purpofe, for the obtaining of this
ftrong Town, rifing by Night, and not a little
discontented with the Hungarians, marched towards
Strigonium, at the Siege whereof the Vifier
Baffa lay. Howbcit within a few days after, the
•isii

Achrmt, eighth Emperaw of the tiiffc
m
lobj ^4r^r^lii«ngtolwvethcGrr^iinGar- jefyn$er* Unto the fir ftof
wfeifih Amballadors, tatters were given of this
purppftdi
great Care andCircumfpeSion everyway: As canter*-
nfng them whom your Majefiy hath fent unto Vs. they
have diligently and faithfully performed their VutyV
Z
fo that they have deferved Praife and Favour, both
TheEmperaun
Let­
Ambaffador junto. Vs, we have willingly /ten your MayeftyfowMomin alt things We offer ohr great-
Jtaul Chan Beg, reborn,jour M>wM -h&b fin* here, a/id in Perfia- f 'whom we much Commend unit
ters unto ^nd reteived, and given foipt Audience, in dec/aping ift Love and Affe&ioav' -u -•
rite Pt ^ yjrt,/; fj/fpgs, as he j had from you. fa (h4.>'8&\ i*. V
IDg ' §00. Vs btfk accejtftbfy %m fU'tifin^, f&atyqur M&-
Unto

874 Achmat, eighth Emperow of the IMp
e Unto the Second Ambaflador were alfo given
s-» Letters from the Eroperour, to •rhis effect.
W
H'z$ We were yet bufied in the difpatcb of
I SEipelChan Begyyour Mmjefites former Ambajfador,
in the mean time, Methi Gili beg, another
Ambaffador of yours came unto Vs, whom we have
courteoufly entertained, and gracioufly beard; by
whofe Speech, at alfo by your Mayflies Letters, We
have with exceeding great Pleafure underload both
your friendly Greeting ofVs, as alfo of the happy Succefsofyour
A fairs agauifitbe lurks, ftocethe departure
ofyourformer dmbaffador,together with your hind
Ajfettion towards the Chrifiians in thofe Farts. One
of the Servants alfo of our Ambaffadsr which dyed by
the way, hath reported unto Vs, how cowteoufiy out
(aid Ambaffador was by your Mijrfty received j and
howyou have fkewedyour felf affe&ed againft the common
Enemy, which was unto Vs a thing both acceptable,
and pleafing. Vnto both which your Embaffses
the morefolemnfy to anfwer, We had appointed again
to fend an honourable Emb-ijfage unto your Maiefiy,
had not thefe Lets and Impediments hapned, which
in OIK Letters given unto your former Anbaffador are
declared. But fj foon, and as often as may A?j We will
endeavour, either by Letters, or by AmSaffadors, more
at large to\manifv(k our Love and AffeUion towards
you. Wherefore,we greatly defire that your Majesty
may continue in perfeB Amity with Vs, and valiantly
proceed in fubduing of the common Enemy; Wean our
part being ready to perform all things whereby we may
te(lifie unto you the defire we have for the prefervatan
of our mutual Love and Friendship', at alfo of our En\
deavours'in our Wars againft him. God A/mighty
long prtferveyour Majefiy in Health, and make you
fiill Victorious againfk the common Enemy.
• Unto the Third Ambaflador w^relikewyfe iiead
ters given, from the Braperour, of this purport.
W
Hereas]us BalE Haffan Beg, your MajefHes
Ambajfador unto the French King, came thii
way, at thejame time that other two of your Ambaffadors
were here prefent witBVs, we received him with
the fame Coiirtifie wherewith we received them, making
fidy of him, until that they might all three be
together difmiffed. And becaufe that his Embaffage
was undertaken for the furtherance of the common
Gpod y although it wanted the wifhed fuccefs, yet
We have thought it good to give thanks unto your Mayfiythereforje\.
audi in mofi friendly 'manner to greet
you by tbisymr faidAmbajfador, whom we highly
commend Untoyou, fir that fir the time he here flayed
in our Court;, he Jobehaved him felf as that he well
^efervedboth.our and your Mayflies Favour, whereof
we' wifh himto he partaker. Almighty God bit4UJ>ilicity T ind long to hit good Pieafureprefervefki
fame. '
Thefe Amhafladors with thefe Letters Shu's difmifled,
Obe of them went into Folonia, and there
declared unto thc-Kinga-he great Love and Affect
ion of t he Perfan King to wards him, offering unto
him all love and kindnefs; firtt requcifing him,
That he would joyn with his Majefty in allfricnd*
(hip and brotherly love; and then, that he would
take up Arms againft the Turk; their common -'
Enemy 5 promifiog on hislWafttrs behalf That
he (hould not lay down AncnsUrocll that Enemy
were utterly brought to nought and defrayed, la
that the Chriftian Princes would on the other £de
likewife impugn him. This was'a Grange Mcilage,
And not before heard of in Folonia•, where, for ail
chat* thaMeifenger was courtcoufly and bountffully
entertained, and afterward with good words
put in hope of obtaining what he had rcqucftcd,
was honourably difmiffed.
But leaving thefe Ambafladors unto their long
Journey j to return again into Hungary. A great
number of the Turks and Hungarian Rebels, meeting
together at Hidweg, had a purpofe iecretly to
have fti'rprifed and opprcflcd the Imperial Souldicrs
in their Camp- Of which their purpofe they in
good time advertifed, and therefore keeping good
1 Watch and Ward, (b received the Turks and R.c-
1 bels at their coming, contrary rorheir Expectation,
I as that alter a finall fight, they cauled them tobc-
I take thcmfclvcs to flij whom the Imperials lb
[ hotly purfucd rowards Canifia, that they flew of
them above a thoufand, took about two hundred
more of them Prifoners, with fifteen hundred
Horfe, which they carried away with them, and
fo having Jeft fu fficicn t Garrifons on that fide of the
Country towards C

jfLcttinat} tjgbtb Emfkour of the Tufty.
1606
Tht Spain
infolcncly
opprcfllng
fchi Country
Peoplei
jultly punifhed.
R*l> at- *
tempted
to have
been by
the Turks,
furprifed.
Eperia by
the Rebels
diftieflcd.
though ftcvd fo touch- contrary to' the liking of
the Clergy-men) to fatisne the Hung&i&is m this
\tf$i$- Rcqucft, and that the 1 free exercife as well of
tfal
as ^ mr-Romilh Religion, tiioUld
be permitted to aU men- throughout iNLlhmgary,
in ftdb fort* as u* bad before been fa.tne time of
the Emperouts itftfxdfflf&wraod Ffrdihdnd. Concerning
which point for the Liberty, of the Religion^
Letters were delivered 'ufiiailJ}/(ha/li{ts ; all
theother points concerning the Peace being put off
urtto the next aflembly of the Stacks p Hungary,
(hortly after to be holden at PreshourgY -
- I About the beginning of March, the £/*& at 0w»
fciniirtople had recueftcd of the Vule,* Bafla, That
it might be lawful lor thcmfelvcs totake up their
wontedPenfionof the Farmers and Husbandmen
lier there in the Country; 'wHteh^iithough
it were unto shear by the Vffier- BafTa denied,.Who
h# the Great Sultan within
a few iiays after: to giye-every one of (Hemlie
prj Bay in Money 5 yet they not lb-contented,
bucgoirtg out of the Q'tv, prefumpTfapuffy prefumed
co trouble the Country-men, 2ffffc8*ao flic 1 ,
Farmers great barm. 1 -Bov- which their ISlfleSfey^
the Great Sultan (the chief Captains and :r|
of them being agam returned >IritamfcGrcy) cau|
fed them,fome to be beheaded, fome to be Hanged*,
and otherfome to be bound ttfChains knW qrown / -
ed 5 whereby no final! fear was (rruelHnto the
'reft of the common Souldiers.- Bur* the_Rcbeltfon
in 40* fh'11 irtcwafinjg, and the Re^fctnwefecretjy
both favouring and farthering the Proceedings
taftfhe Perfian King, *u*? Sultato forthwith fent for
the Vifier Baffa, who the Jaft year had ferved iff
&tttt&dr$, to go into AJut f to reprefs the Rebels
there, and alio to withftand the'Proceedings of
the Perfian King; contantting in* tW mean tftne
the managing of the War in Hungary unto bfsj
Lieutenant.
The Treaty of Peace both with the Turks and
the Rebels, was yet in hand, whereunto how much
the Turks were for their part inclined, dip Garrifon
Souldiers of Rat had good proof, for the
eighteenth day of Martib, being the day at theft"
requeft appointed for the Treaty, and whereon the
Commiuioners on both parts there meeting together,
lbould nave furthered the Negotiation of
the Peace, not jjaft fifty'tof the Turks corning to
the Gate of the Towty required to be let in, as if
they* had come for that purpofe. Whom our men
nothing fufpe&ing, were^about to receive them
into the Town; when as a Serkitacl without the
Town, it being a thick mift, perceived three thoufand
moreof the Turks lurking thereby, and forthwith
giving an alarm ro thofe of the Town, bewrayed
the Enemies Treachery, who thereupon
retired, they of the Town difcharging their great
Ordnance after them. The next Month, about
the beginning of April, certain MelTcngers came
from Eperia ( a City of the upper Hungary, jet
holden for the Emperour ) to Vre'nna, declaring
the mod miferableftate of chap .City; which, al--
though the way thereunto being three or four
Weeks before opened, it had received fome good
ftore of Vi£tual, yet now ( as they faid .) was fo
on every fide by the Rebels bcfct s as that no Ptovifion
at all could more thereunto come; hoping
by that means to bring to pais, that the Citizens,
pinched with hunger and want of things neceflah
ry, fliouldat length yield thcmfelvcs together with
the City into their Power. By which means they
but a little before had obtained the ftrong-Town
of Tokay, wherein the Famine was fo great, that
the Souldiers had not only eaten their Shooes and
Leather Jerkins, but had now alfo kill'd two Boys
to eat, and fome others of them had caff Lots
among thcmfelves, which (hould be kill'd for the
other to cat. By which Extremity, Rtil>er, the Go[4
vernour of the Place, was enforced to yiek}; ua-J
to whom Botfcay, who then lay at Cajfovia, is w^d*
to have offered a great fum of Money,"jfteh many'
other good things, to have talrerf ftiV paft; aft
which he mod conftantly rcfufed, proteftmg even
unto Death to continue faithfuls This Obedience
to the Emperour.
:
About the fame Time Illijhafciiu, who had t£-:
fTheEe*P^
foWfiota little laboured about the furthering*of, ters of ll'
the Peace in Hungary, writ Letters from Cajfov'u lithafiuu
lent to a
unrO 4 certain great Man at Vienna •' whereby he" Noble
declared, that Botfcay without the Coofcnt of fjbe man of \%
Eftatcsof Hungar%CQ\i\& of himfeJldetermine nothing
concerning me Cbnclufion d£ t the Peace. 3
enna.
whoiiad bft-times told him to his Fa^c a that ra-!
Jfcr'than they would again fubmit themfclves to
a'foreign Goveroour, they wbuld for.ever put'
rhcmfe|ves'under the Turks Protection; andydt.
p^jhiifed by the fame Letters, that although fie"
had gor unto himfelf great Dffpleafure tfiereby,
with the Haidticks, he would not for all that ceafcT
SpBl means to draw the States of the Country in*
their next affembly unto his part, fo that that
which was before concluded at Vienna concerning
Religion, ftiould no( again be revcrfed j for many
of them (as he faid ) were affraift that it would
Ht)t'be .performed, Which" was the'rejromifed urir,
totrje States concerning the ExerciKjof their Re-
Ifgion. And that therefore they Could not yet be
perrriraded to.putrthemfelves from ilffder the Turks
Pfbtej&ion, until meV faw themfclves' fufficieric|y,
fccUred, both fpr (he Liberty of tjifcuf ReligfoOj.
at die.keeping-of their antient Privilcdgcs. And
that /Hey could not, nor would not endure a'fd-i
• reigti'ddvetnour to' rule over fnem, with* whom
' tbeyyouja not talk; nor yet fuffer Clergy-men to
h^ycWjj y Vbifts in their Civil Affairs. And there.,
[fiircCnef^id) hfc thought it veiy n J ecelTary that
the 1 Emperour fhould not doubt in this point to
I grlatifie the Hungariafis. Aha wkYTranfilvaniai
I whereupon be had been hitherto enforced to beftow
fo great coil for the keeping" thefeof s being
nbw left unto BofJcdy y he fhoujd app'oiht fuch a]
Governour oyer' Hungary as the .States of that
Country fhould require. For that? there was [npj
hope 1 of any Peace to be. made with tfie-Tufks. cX-^
ce^'Sftfiay and the States of Hungary IhQbld urt-\
dertake the Treaty thereof; fefhg that they, t?ui
only fceking for a Peace in fhew, were oftentimes
i cKfcbvercd but to feek tot thek'ciwn Advantages
and Profits.
But concerning U/ifhafciut.himfelf, the Hun­IlRfljafdngarian
Rebels feeing hirh fomucn toJabou'r about reproch-
the concluding of 3 Peace, in fcorn called him by j fiil^uiea
the by-name of Cripelifbaciht t zs he that too much] bjrther-
Hungitti*
enclined unto the Germans 1 which by-name he,
took in; Jo 111 part, as that he departed ftraight to'
Eperia, with a purpofe not ro have been prefent
at the next aflembly of the States • but being
again pacified, and by Botfcay called back, he
made fuch a notable Speech unto the States in their
next Aflembly, that aM men now began both to ;
hope and wiflv more for" Peace than they had bs«
fore done. * #
In the mean tune? the Turks in great numbers
^eing gathered together to Belgrade, expected the
end of this Treaty for Peace, and Letters from the
Great Sultan to Bstfcay were intercepted alfo;
whereby be advifeth him to proceed in his purpofe,
and joyning with hfs Powers, to feize uporj
Auftria, Eihemia, and Moravia; for that he could
be contented with Hungary and".', "tranfifoania, and
leave the reft of the Provinces unto Botfcay 3s his.
Inheritance.
The Tartars about this Timtf were" aoou't to.
make a Road f0to*|9Mi/af j h\lt WnetfWthe? with
Ffffff
tbc>$

876 Acfamat, eighth JLmferow of the Turks.
1606
The//*-
WkfcriBcenfedagainflthe
Turfy tod
Tartars,
trnft neither
of
them.
Thelrihabitants
of
Jinftria
provide to
lland upon
their own
ftrcngth
for the defence
of
their
Country*
ThcBiftop
of Pupa* a
great enemy
to the
Peace to
have been
concluded
betwixt
the Emperour
and
hisdifcorttented
Subject.
their often Incurfions had not a litde troubled the
Haiducks alfo ia the upper Hungary, tljey refolvcd
amongft themferyes to joyn theft forces together,,
and to fight as well againft the" Turfy as the T Unto which Town
thi? Turin coming, and finding the Gates open,
and pone to refill them, hailed to have taken
the Cattle. But in the mean tirQc ? the Powder,
Which the Hahdmfy had laied taking fire, blew
Up a number of them, and they which lay bid
in the Caves and Cellars forthwith breaking out,
lew of then) whomfoever tbey met, and (0 made
of the Turfy a great (laughter, and again cleared
the Town.
-dUii-
The Effaces of Anuria* confidering the great
harms they had in thefe late Troubles received,
as well from the Hungarian Rebels, as from the
fsmperours mutinous Souldjers; and by Experience
taught bow dangerous a thing it was for mem
to reft upoO other mens Protection, being, junto
them ftrangers; reiblved now in a general Afc
fembly of the Elates by them abput this time
holden, to take Upon themfelvcs the defence of
their Country, againft fuch, fudfden Incurfions
and Tumults of the mutinous Souldiers, and
np more to fcly upon foreign Protection, ftill
to feck when they had molt need thereof- \yoetofore,
to aflure toemfelyes in their; own ftrcngth','
they, with a general confent, agreed to have
always irt readinefs two thOufand Horfc-mep,
and eight thoufand Foot-men, to be mainrained
at the.common Charges fifty of, the
Country Pcafants lull, finding ojf one of the faid
Souldiers.
And much about this time, wW-theThird of June.
Ilfifhafciuj, a great Man amongft the Rebels, and
yet the greaieft furtherer or the Peace, ( as appeared
by his doings, and by that we have before of
him written) having before obtained Letters of
fafe conduct from the Arch-duke, came now a-
gain with his yVife alfo to Vienna^ there more at
large to confer? upon the Articles for a Peace to
be concluded, with fuch as Were on the EmpCr
tours behalf for that pntpofc deputed. Where,
coming to confers and talk upon the matter, he
Was fo crofted by Nicholas Bifhop ^tviitma^ who
hitherto had been prefent in Council together with
the reft of the Commillioners, C a great enemy
unto the Peace, fn,'*refpeft eff the Anide concerning
the Liberty of Religion ) he was, I fay,
by him fo croffed, as that there was no hope of
fifty Huff art _ following of them • Shortly after
j whole coming, the Treaty for Peace was earneuV
I Jy begun with often Mellengcrs palling to and fro
betwixt Vienna ind Caflbvia to Botfcay, Tying then
very dangcroufly lick, until! that all the Articles
of Peace were near about the Fourteenth of September
fiittyon both fans agw* moft 4ifffr
rence aripug about the Article for the 'free £*-•
ercue of Religion. For although it j
declared^ that men might have the i
cite of Religion j yet the Hungarian J, recalling that
general word of Religion unco a particularity,
would needs have it fee down, that men might
hav.e the free Ejccrcifc of thofc Religions, which
are,, at this day called the Lutheran, Cahinian,
and Romifi^j^msk 5 neither would they conclude
any Peace unt were of their Rcqucft in
diac point &CjSfiied. 3 Which Peace fa concluded,
the, next day after, the Deputies for the Hungarians
fent an Ambailador to the Vificr Ball* ax
Bn,da 3 to certifie him of all their Proceedings, iui4
to reque|ll him not as yet to attempt any thing for
the. dtffufbing of the Peace; now the Articles
whjereupcfi the Pfiace was concluded, were thefe: I
F^jUfi that from tfoaeefirtfrft §&M H ^PMfsr
every Man throughout the Kingdom of Hungar
ItV^ifl have t^ejjree Vfe of his MtSgion 3 and to %-
bene what he mould.
a. T&at if tfe H9agajtitti8fttboue.pt gpod y they
mjgf> t chufe a Palafine pr their Qovernour % and that
in the mean time the Arcthduke Matthias fioitU tip
wire vfe the Title of 4. GetternoWf Imt of aHftse?
g. That the Crown ofHwgary fkould fjShe left
in the fbaperows keeping* .
: 4. That the Bfiopt that were nobly defended
in Hungary, and fcad Lapds of their miUifyMld
from thenceforth be admitted into the CotmeUf but
the other $y%ops not fo to be receded.
J. that Bptfcay,j^r mmfplf and hit Beits Ma/e,
fhouid for ever bold Tranfilyania?
6. That the fame Country of TranM*lvania)/&

1606
the Turks
fccking to
furprife
others,
themfelvesl
furor d.
A great
Fire at
Conftaruituflt.
TheCbmroiffioners
for the
Empe- _
rour, to intreat
of
Peace with
die Turks,
come to-
Fresiurg.
The peace
.already
concluded
widithe
Hmgitnam,
like
enough to
have again
been bro-
Venorf
through
thelnfolehcy
of
fome few I
di ("ordered
Perfons.
Achmar, eighth Emperour of the Titrl\r. I 11
The twentieth of September following, the Am'
j| for che Hungarians and of Boifcay, being
admitted unco the Prefencc of the Archduke Matthias
t obtained of him Pardon for che torepaflcd
Rebellion, and all that was therein done ! unto
whom Security for the fame was afterward given
by the Provinces* thereby alfo to allure chem,chat
they (hould not be therefore afterwards troubled.
Bat yec for all that was before done, the Title of
the Prince oitranfih/ania was left unto Bot/cayior
Term of his Life: who feeling his Sicknejs daily
to increafe, would oftentimes fey, That he could
willingly die, fo that it might pleafc God before
his Death to give him leave to excufe himfelf of
his Rebellion before the whole Roman Empire.
And fo about che end of September, all the aforelaid
Ambafladors for the Hungarians and Botfiay t
being aflembled into che Caftle of Vienna, together
wich che Emperours Council, and certain
other Noblemen of the Provinces belonging unto
che Emperour, received every one of them the Articles
of the Peace copied out* and fair written in
Parchment; which done, they returned every one
to his own dwelling' But llhfkaftius went from
thence to Neuhufe, to be prcfent at the Peace to
be afterwards made with the Turks alio; from
whence he afterwards writ Letters unto che Vifier
Baffa, to requeft him, pot as yet to attempt any
thing again ft the Emperours Provinces, buc peaceably
and quietly toj cxpc£t his Commifiioners,
which were fliortly to come unto him.
But in the mean time whilft this Peace was thus
in concluding, certain Tartars at ConfiantinopU,
in their Infolencv, fee firfr upon a certain Jews
Houfc, whereof arole fuoh a terrible Fire,, as burnt
not only many Houfes, but a great number of
the Jews themfelves alio; the barm there done
being efteemed at forty hundred thoufand Duckats.
In which Tumult and Noife of the People runin
g too and fro, and quenching of the Fire, che
Great Sultan having a fall from his Horfe, was
thereof for a while fick,
The Turks of Cattifia alfo having confpired
With the Captain of the lefler Comora, came to
have furprifed the fame. Buc the Garrifon Souldiers
there, having before had a Sufpicion thereof,
fullered fo many of the Turks as they knew
they were able to overcome, to enter 5 and fo
tnuccing che Gaces of the City, kill'd tbem every
Mothers Son, the reft which were without returning
again to Caaifia.
Peace thus (as is aforefaid ) concluded with the
Hungarians, George lurfon, Nicholas Ijluan, John
MoBarty and Ahnem, with fome others, the Em~*|
perours Commifiioners'for a Peace to be made
With the Turks, wenc to Comora-, SigifridC0B0-
nitt. and Budin following them with che Army;
for as yec chefaid Commiifioners durft not altogether
truft the Turks for intercepting of them by
the way. Which Commiifioners carried with
them Sotymatr the BafTa of Buda, who bad now
been feven years kept Prifoner in the Caftle of
Vienna, and AiyBaffa, both bravely apparelled in
blew Silk > fix Waggons following of tbem,
wherein were carried.certain Prefents for the
Great Sultan, to wit, a moft curious Clock, cercain
fair pieces of Plate, an hundred choufand
Duckats, with divers other things of great value.
But whilft they there flayed, expecting to hear
from the Viiler Bafla then at Buda, a fudden
infolent Accident fell our, like enough to have
broken off again the Peace already made with
the Hungarians, as alio to have utterly cut off the
Treaty of Peace to be had wich the Turks, and
co have fee them ail together by the Ears again.
For albeit chac che firft Article of the Peace
tnade with the Hungarians, was, That every
Man fbould have che free Excrcife of his Rcligi~ 0o6
on j yec the eighth day of OUober, about chrec
of che Clock> in che Afternoon, when as a certain
Hungarian Lucheran Preacher was in the Pulpit
preaching co the People in a Church, in the Suburbs
of Comora, Buchem and Knevie, two Capcains,
coming from Dinner with certain of their
Servant&more than half drunk, with their Swords
drawn, rufh'd into che Church, and drave otic
chence the Preacher, upon whom Captain Buchrn's
Trumpeter alfo discharged a Piftol, and
raifed fuch a Tumult in the Church, that divers
Children were trodden co Death under foot, and
che reft piic in great fear of their Lives.
Which infolent Fa& fo moved the Hungarians,
that "turfnn and Budian, there prefent, with
the reft of the Commifiioners, ready to have gone
about the Treaty of the Peace,,' would needs the
next day have departed from Comgral and were,
hardly by Moliart and Collomtx. intrcated to flay 5
Buchem and Kmviejihc two Captainsjbejng bound
to their appearance for the anlwering of the matter,
and.chfe Trumpeter with, Irons qrv hist heels
clapt in Prifon. But the News Hereof being carried
to NeuhufeJ, and, (as the manner of Report:]
is) by Fame made far greater than it was, as,
That .ah hundred and fifty Perfons were flain in
the Church, there arofe fuch a Tumult among
the Hungarians there, as that Ultfhafcius, will
the reft ef the Captains, had mucn ado co quiet
and appeafe che fame; who, joyning. with bej
Turks of Strigoniumy and the Haiducks of the
Ifland, had determined now by Night to have
invaded Comora, where the Outrage was committed,
had not Pogranh the elder:, (a Man of
great Gravity ) coming from thence, declared
unto IBifhafcias and the reft oi the Captains all
the Matter as it was done; upon wflojfe Relation
the whole Tumult was again appcafed. But for
as much as the two aforefaid Captains, bound to
cheir Appearance, were by Nighc fled from Comora
co Vienna, the Hungarians were very earneft
to have them feverely punifhed, as breakers
of the firft Article of che Peace, concerning
Religion. Botfcay in che mean rime beheaded
Catayus his Chancellor, who Jiad gon about to \Botfcay
caufeth v
have poifoned him, in hope after his Death to his Chafl-I
have been Prince of TranfUuntia himfelf j pla­cellocing John Janujy in his ftead, and giving him be be­
to
Catay'& Lands.
headed.
Peace now made with the Hungarians (as is
aforefaid ) and Commiffipners appointed for a
Treaty of Peace co be had wich. the Turks
alfo, (whereunco che Vifier Bafla, then lying
at Buda, was as forward as any, being fo commanded
from the Great Sultan his Mailer) there
wanted but a Place Commodious for the laid
Commifiioners, without Sufpition of Danger, and
indifferent for them all to meet in. Whereupon
Cdfar Gallen, a Man of great Experience in*fuch
Matters, with fome other Captains, were, appointed
to find out fome fuch convenient Place
for tbem to meet in; who having viewed many,
at length made, choice of one within naif a
League of Comora, fo fie"for that purpofe, as if
Nature had provided it for the fame. The great
River oiDanubius being there divided into three
parts, made therein three IflandSj all comparted
round with che Arms thereof, into which Iflands
the Commiflioners for the Emperour. for the
Turk, and for the Hungarians, might come
without let one of another, to intreat of their
Affairs, and fo in little Boats prepared for that
purpofe, pais over one to another, as their Occauons
required. Into this place, fo commodious for
all three parties, the Deputies for the Emperour the
five and twentieth day otOitober. conducted by the
Ffffffi
The Com*
miffioncrs
for the
Emperor,
the Turks,
ana the
Hit
ant) facet
together'
to intreat
of a Peace*:
Horfo.

8 7 S Achmat,. eighth Emferow of the Tmfy*
1606 Horfemcn of Mansfdd, Hohenb, and Bonchmh. ' fended; and the other Prifoners to be delivered ^taf
KS-\4?agnificenrly ieafled one another alfo 3
which the Turks firft began } and not content to
have made them great cheat, gave untoour Commiffioners
great Prefents alfo f for the BafTa of B»-
da gave unto Mo/tart, Ahbm, turfon, Kuan, Col-
/crntz,Budian,Hendoc 3 Cafar Gotten, and Ekfchin t
brave and courageous Horfes moft gallantry furnifted
; and to the reft exceeding rich Garments
and Tapcftry Hangings of great value. And as ac
the tune of this Fcaft, the Troop of Mansfeld had
by many Salhes and Vollies of fhot given great
Pleafure unto the Turks as they fat at the Table;
Alia Kifa 3 to declare the Contentment and Plea-*
fure
••
i^|
I
fl
•

1606
The great
Sultan giveth
clunks
tohjsPromr,
for the
Peace conch
ded
with (tie
ChrUtiam.
[The Hti-
.tfwfcf begin
new ftirs
iaHimittrf.
Bbtfcay calleth
an Af-|
fembly of
the States
of Hungary,
and inftrufteth
them
what to do
at their
next general
Affem-
| bly.
Achmac, eighth Emperow of the Twfy. 8 79
futc he had therein received, fent to the Captain
of this Troop two hundred Duckets, which he
would not accept, requeuing in Read of them to
hare delivered unto him a certain Captain by lie
Turks then kept Prifoner ] whom the Bafla caufed
freely to be delivered unto him, and withal
fene back again the two hundred Duckets to be divided
among the Souldiers; which for all that
Mamfeld rcfufed, fending them back again unto
the Bafla. After which Actions of Joy and Peace,
every man returned home well content and pleafed.
Thefe things thus done, and the Peace confirmed,
the Bafliof Buda forthwitn fent his Ambaffadors
to Cohftantinop/e, certifyirrg the Great Sultan
of the Peace now made with the Chriftians; who
thereof conceiving great Joyywith a number of
Janizaries and others, ingreat Magnificence Vent
to the Church, to give Thanks therefore 1 unto his
Prophet Mahomet, and fpent the next day with
great Sport and Pleafure, purposing from thenceforth
to turn all his Force ^nd Powerfor thefup*
prcrang of his Rebels in Afia 3 and the fubduing of
theterfrati King.
' S' n

38o
1606
i6b7
Sifffiftmtd
JRagotfie
choftn
Prince of
Tranfilvavia,
afterward
yicldech
up
the fame
Principality
again.
Tfewhufe
again delivered
unto
the Emperour.
Achmat, eighth Emferour of the Twt\.
be in fuch a cafe do but as he did ? to accept
of a reafonablc Peace whilft he might have
it j efpecially againft fuch an Enemy, as whofc
whole Power being turned againft him, might
have eafily endangered his whole Eftate. For it is
not reasonably to be thought, how the Eroperour
lhould of'hirnfelf, without the great Aid of the o-
rher Chriftian Princes, his Friends and Allies, be
able to withftand the huge and dreadful Power of
the Otboman Emperour; as (without ominous
Prefage be it fpoken ) it is to be feared it will too
true appear, whenfoever his Wars and Troubles
in the Eaft being ended, he fhall again turn his
Forces this way toward the Weft.
Now Botfcaywas nofooner dead, but that fome
others of the Nobility, both of Hungary and Iranfilvania
( happily no Ie£s ambitious than was he )
began by divers means to feck after and to afpire
to that Principality. Of whom, though fome,eitner
with the weakoefs of their own means,or with
the threats of Matthias the Archduke, deterred,
ceafed farther |o feek after it $ yet were there fome
others, who better fupportcd, and nothing afraid
of the Arch-^uJcCsi great Words, laboured under
hand to have obtained it. For the crofting of
whom, and the avoiding of farmer Troubles to
be railed by thefe ambitious Competitors, certain
of the Nobility of Tranfth/ania gathered together
at Claudi.wop/e^ the Twelfth of February made
choice of Sigifnund Ragotfie for their Govetnour,
and their Prince of Tranfilvama, and the more to
affure him of their love and affection towards him,
bound themfelves unto him by the Oacfi of their
AUegeancc folemnly taken in. the chief Church
'there, ,$nd afterward fent Meftengers to the
Archduke Matthias at Vienna , to certifie him
what they had done, and to eXcufe, themfelves'
thereof; who coming to Presburg the Twelftji.pf
March, there openly protefted this Election of Ragotfte
for their Prince to have been made, not for
that,they were about to rebel, or to revolt from
theEmperour, whom they would always acknowledge
for their Sovereign Lord ; but for that their
neceffity fo required, many of the Nobility both
of Tranjilvania and of Hungary gaping after this
Principality, aricl going about for the obtaining
thereof, to,raife newftirs and troubles. Howbeit,
the fame Ragotfie, afterward doubting not to be
able, without great trouble and danger, befides
the Emperours difpleafure, to hold the fame Principality^of
his own accord, about a year after, gave
the fame up again, and got h imfclf out of the way
. to Sarentum, who was no fooner gone, but that
Gabriel Batbar was about to have ftept into his
Place; unto whom the States of 'tranfilvama fent
word by, two of the Noblemen, That the free Election
of the Prince belonged to them, and that
therefore he lhould not feck by force to intrude
himfelf into the Principality, but quietly to come
unto the Election, and not to bting with him a-
bove a thoufand Horfe-men, and five hundred
Foot.;
About-this time, the ftrong-Town of Newbufe
(othcrwife called Newheufet) the laft year fo hardly
won by the Hungarian Rebels was again delivered
to Sigefrid Colionitz % £ot the Emperour 5 who,
flionly after coming to Vienna* brought news of a
great number of the Turks to have rifen up in Rebellion
at Belgrade, to have rifled the Town, and
to have burnt another Town, called Ahfchria,
down to the ground, and fo with a great Prey to
be gone over to the Rebels; and alfo Redeius, Botfeays
Lieutenant, in going to take Poffeffion of cer-
: tain Lands given him by Botfiay, t« have been by
his own Tenants, lying in wait for him upon a
.ftraitPaflage,flain.
, Amongft the Articles of the Peace before concluded
betwixt the Emperour and the Great Sultan,
one was for the mutual fending of PreTents one
of them unto another 5, with which Prefects, when
as the Ambaflador, by the Emperour appointed
for the carriage of the fame to Constantinople, from
day to day deferred to let forward, the Turks and
Tartars began to doubt, or elfe feemed to doubt, of
the good meaning of the Chriftians, for the obferving
of the aforeiaid Peace; and thereupon began
again not only to roam abroad into the Territories
of the Chriftians, but alfo caufed the Pledges
left at Buda for the obferying of the Peace, to be
hardly bandied and clapt fait in Prifon ; whom,
whenas the Bafla of Buda flionlyafter fuffered again
a little to walk abroad, the proud Janifaries were
therewith fo much oftLndcd,that riling in a Tumult,
they had almoftflain the Bafla with Stones, heaping
upon him many reproachful Words, and unto
-his Face calling him Traytor and betrayer of his
Prince and Country, one of which Pledges they
gricvoufly wounded alfo. Which their Infolency
the Bafla in fome fort tochaflife, and to deter them
from doing the like again, caufed certain of them
the Night following to be lecrctly taken, and being
bound, to be fo call into the River otpanubU
us. And yet fhortjy after, they pur poling to make
a Road upon the Chriftians, to colour fuch harms
as they lhould therein do, and to lay all the blame
thereof upon the Chriftians, and to excufe themfelves.
they procured the Baffa to write unto the
Archduke Mattbits, of great wrongs done unto the
Turks by the Chriftians, whenas there was no fuch
thing at all; the effect ot which Letters were, That
whereas it was in the Articles of Peace (ct down
and agreed, that both Parties (hould abft&in from
Roads and Incurflons of each others CountrleSjyet
that the Chriftians for all that had above an hundred
times fince the conclufion of the Peace, made
Roads into divers Territories of the Turks, and
flain many of them; but efpecially them of Leaven
and Serf chin, who (as they laid ) had flain divers
Tnrkifh Merchants oiPefih, and taken from them
great fums of Money, as they had alfo taken
from them of Pot fen a hundred and twenty florfes,
with divers other Cat t el. Befides that, there were
(as belaid.) four Turks more by the Chriftians
flain, near unto Canifia, and eight and twenty
more taken Prifoners5 and that in the mid-way
betwixt Hainan and Buda five and twenty Turks
more were flain, and their Horfes,with all mat they
had befide carried away. Which things, for that
they tended to the breach of the Peace, he could
not (as he laid J but advertife his Highnefs of, for
that he thought the Chriftian Captains upon the
borders of their Territories to be men .that hated
Peace, and to feek by their Excurfions, as heretofore
they had done, fo now likewiic alfo, to difturb
this good Work begun, and by all means to
increafc their own private Profit. And that therefore,
feeing that he and the Turk? on their part
wifhed not to attempt or go about any thing contrary
to the Articles of the Peace, that fo likewife
the Chriftians lhould contain themfelves within
their own bounds, and with all (peed by Letters
to give him to underltand whether they would
keep the Peace or not. : i
The Great Sultan (as is aforefaid) having
made Peace with the Chriftian Emperour, ana
now purpoiing to mm all his Forces againft his
Rebels in //fa, and the Per fun King, (as we have
oftentimes faidj) and defirous to appcafe thole
his Troubles at home, before he had farther to do
with the Per fun, he fent a Meflenger unto the Baffa
of Aleppo, to lay down Arms, and to deliver
over his charge unto another, to whom he had appointed
The Janizariesia
Mutiny a-
gamft the
Bafla of
Budtu
The effect
of the Let*
ten of the'
BafliofBH-

Actunat, etgtokJkLmferourjftihe Turk.
1607 pointed the lames promifing, that if he would
>O^V ftcw hirnfdfobedient unto this bis Command, he
would not only pardon >bilrn all (bat was paft, but
receive him into w Grace and Favour alfo.
Whcrcunro the Bafla anfwered, Thac he had never
taken tip Arms againlt sbis Majqfijj, butGO be
revenged on che Bailacs of Tripoli s *&d Vamafco,
The Bafla
of Aleppo,
after three
notable encounters
with the
|vificr,fi>
ctlu
JM? tworo Enemies i who once taken,(gut pi the
way, he would nc* only yield hirafeff unto his Majetty,
bur. re-deliver «Ub • (tic Tribute fent him
from Caire md Alexandria, by binjj before fotcr*
cepted, and (if he To plcafed to employ him ) to
bring great Forces in his Secvicd againft che tferfian
King. With which anfwer, die Sultan not contented,
fbottly afcec %i che Vefifltj Baia with a
The Rebels g rieac ^nnay againit the Rebels into. Aj>4 3 who,
JEjjjSE & *• Wiiddrn and iDifbwten, morethan by force
vi'fier Wa of Arms, having appeafedicbp Rebels ifr the letfer
•ppcafcd. ^4 -»i
received contain of ufae ehiefeft of them
into his favour, with an Army of-an hundred
and thirty thoufand men marched directly towards
*A.I&pp in Syria. Of whole coming, the
Bafla of Aleppo having intelligence, with an Army
0/ rorcr thoufand men, molt pane of them Harquebuficrs,
went againft him, and) in 3 place of
advanragc» not pair two miles from the City, there
encountred bins, and in three notableBattels one
after another, withftood his whole Forces. But
making himfelf ready to have encountred him
the fourth time, underftanding or great nld cpmmj
to the Vificr from the Barnes oiDama/co
and Tripolu, be wirhfpeed retired? and returning
into the City, and hiving milled up his TreafuW**
with fuch things as he made mpft reckoning
of, Sed into the Mountains towards Perfia^ .with
the gecateft pace of his Army yen deft ft ill following
him. After which unfortunate Battel, the
Vifier Bafla with his Army coming unto the
City, at length by force took the feme*and there,
to the rerrour of the Inhabitants, put to the
(ward all the Garrifon fouldicrs which the Bafla
had there left. ttnoki
Bur the Bafla, purpofins* with new Forces to
have encountred with the Vificr, finding himfelf,
together with his better Fortune, forfaken fcymany
of his former Friends and Companions, did
think it beft ac length to take his refuge unto the
mercy of the Great Sultan j and (o refblvcd, by
Letters requeued the Vificr Bafla GO write in his
behalf unto the Sultan ; and fo, of it were poffible,
to proeuie his peace. Which the Vifier ha­
the Bafla
of Aleppo
pardoned ving eafily obtained, he was by Letters from the
V the Great Sultan fent for eo Qwfientiwpk, with afluirih-MJfiLrt
Grea: Sul- rc * PftMtt'fei c hat he fhould be employed in fcrccWeTl^
***• i&teft the f&fi** King- Upon reeeit of
in into which Letters, the Bafla with' an hundred horfc
£ Mir fee forward) and coming to Qbjlantwfyth tnere,
in the prefence of many other of the Bailacs, humbled
himfelf unto the Sultan 5 who nor only kept
his promife with him in pardoning of Jitrc^ but i
alio, in regard of the anticnt Family whereof he
was defcended, as alfb o£ bis great valour and
fair conditions, received him again into his favour,
and caufed all the goods taken from* him in Syria,
to be again fefebred unto him.
Now in the mean time the great Sukati had,
"Hie great
j.. Sultan . . by the means oi the great Cham of Tartary, en-
ISSS dcarou .f*d to make pfeaee with the PerfianKbs,
meiBsof but all in vain; for that he demanded the Qty
ofTauris, with all the Provinces before taken from
(h*74rMr
(bnujee
peace with
txPafim.
The Letters
of the
Ftrfim
King unto'
Belting
Of Spain*
hint by tire Jfyift, tot be again reffoced unto
him; which the Pfrpw-King' utterly denied, fod
as much as he had now by force of Arms recc*
vered the fame, and which in formertime befaUr
ged unto his Ancefbrs. At which riofe- fhe* faldl
Ptrfij/r King, the more angle the Turk, writ
unco the King of Spuiflj for wo turning; o» m
ay-i-tne Letters fe^ vltoatthouoh
811
'.^^ftarty
er aud ^ common hatred againif ifaGtbomiy?
£ntpjr« they were conjq)yned: aod that hp,. cbnfidjering
the greatnr^ ol his Pow« and Arms,
whereby, he was become his Neighbour in the
Eaft* ^puld not but moft entirely love and fgy
vour him} and that therefore Je oa hopes that the Peace betwixt them
and
ffi?Se

gsa
Achmat, eighth EmferonroftbeTnrfy.
idby and the Chriftiani would not long hold, were
k>V^» come toBnd* ia fuch multitudes, chat ttfti'hcitlfts
g"heJ«r^ ihMie Town -feeing not able* to hold them, they
in great Pereghtd to fct up Tents for them to lye in-within
numbers the City? for that the Bafjfa would not fuffcr
repair to
Bttda. them to ft* up any Tents abroad in ihe Fields, Ifft
the Chriftrans fhould fnfpetr Pernio be about-the
railing dfati Army, and: fo to difturb tne'Peace.'
The States - But the Statttof Hmgttryjwv'mg flayed full fif-
mies.- Howbcit, the Haiducks proceeding in their The/Winfoknt-Ouirrages
more than before,, took-eerram j^-'
n *
c o
Forts, and with Fire and Sword tpotiedmany g^JJft^ic
rf Hungary t^n ^y§» y the Arch-biftiop had requertedyana
•Plaices of the Country^ cau&ig^he Peopl«

'KS07
AnAHembly
of the
Stares of
Attflria,
and the
Emperors
demands
therein.
The Affctribly
broken up
and nothing
concluded.
AcHmar, eighth. Emperorir of the Turfy. 883
appointedsalfi^another AfTcmbly of the Nobility
and States of Auliriato be hold en at Vienna j where,
after they were affcmbled, certain Articles were
unto therii on the Emperours bebalr propounded
for them in that AfTenabJythep to confidir of; as
firhVthaeior. the keeping of the Frontiers of AH-
\ina in quiet, the Contfiljutiori by them granted
among thcmfelvcs the laft year, fhould this; year
following be doubled. Then, that if it fiiould fortune
the Enemy to attempt, any chMgj of new a-
gainft that Provincec tharinftead of thcHbrlcs
and Money which they were wopt to lend troro
thi they fbould for the fpaoe of twelve
Moncfesj or of. the greateft part thereof, as occafion
fhould require, of their own cofts maintain tea
Companies of German Boot-men, every Company
beings three cc'di ftrong ? and as many
Troops of German Horfe-raen, every Troop con-
M of an hundred Horfe. And, that if for
che better defence of the Borders oiAnfirra there
fhould happily need a greater (trengtb, febe fame
fhould be raifediin) no other fort than was ufed
in Hungary, nor at greater charges maintained.
And, that it it fhould continue Peace, thefe charges
fhould be converted to the payment of the
Souldicrs. Wages:; And that the Scares and other
Subjects of that Province fhould fo much .as might
be, be calcd from the trouble of fending cither of
Horfe or Foot for the defence of the Frontiers.
Thirdly, that Commiflaries fhould be maintained
this year alfo to* attend the Army, and certain
skilful Captains appointed for the chufing
of>a fit General for the Army. That diligent
regard and care fhould be had for the Provifion
of Corn and Victuals for the ufe of the People
in General, as well in the time of Peace as of
War. And thac forafmuch as it much concerned
the good of the Common- weal, to have the Frontiers
of the Country toward Gamjia diligently viewed,
for fear of the Turks great Garrifon therefKll
lying*, that/therefore certain good and expert Sonlrdiers,
which knew thofe places well, fhould be
chofeo, who, together with the Deputies of the
Emperour, Hungarians, and Stirianj, riding about
thefe Confines, fhould forthwith conflder what
were bed to be done for the fafety thereof. In
brief, feeing that on the fafety of Rat, the welfare
of the City of Vienna* and of the Forts thereabouts
depended, that for the repairing of the
Fortifications thereof, and the better* ftrengthning
of the 'fame, the fum of four thoufand rlorens
fhould be appointed ; and for the defence of the
Frontiers of Auftria from the incurfion of che Turks
Garrifon of Camfki, five thoufand ; and for the
farthering of the Buildings at Nufbrfe, five thoufand
more fhould be paid; and that chore who
-hitherto bad been flack in paying of their Contribution
Money, fhould forthwith be enforced to
pay the fame. And alio that it might be conGdered
of, how that coo much inhauncing of the value
of Monies might be retrained ; that good
orders might be kept; all the Country cleared
from the Robberies of the Souldier$,ftragling here
and there tip and down the lame; that the counterfeit
Hungarian and Folonian Money fhould be
prohibited, as not airrerir; that good order might
be taken for the flaying of the Plague, which then
began in many Places in Austria.
Concerning which Articles, when as che States
there affcmbled complained, ail thac Country to
be with the long Wars againft the Turk, the Incurfions
of the Rebels and (he Outrages of the
mutinous Souldiers, already almoft exhaufled,and
mifcrably bared of Money; no rcfolucion could
then, according as che Ncceffity required, be
made, but was unco a further time deferred,
and ibe Aflcmbly broken up.
The Emperour ac the fame time appointed a
Diet of the Empire to be holden at e;
wherein he, haying appointed Ferdinand, Arch--
duke oi-dHfiriti to be chief in his place, he with
a notable train lofifevea hundred Horfe, and a
gallant guard of Footmen,, came thither the eight
and twentieth of November, and was there by the
Citizens honourably received, Unto which Aflcmbly,
when as the Deputies of che Electors* and of
the other Princes and Cities of the-Empire, were
mortar number come, ac length, the. twelfth of
Jtnuarv, Divine Servicwbeing done jn the Cathedral
Church, Ferdinand the Arch'dukc^ with his
Courtiers, the Emperours; Gounfellor% and other
the ErifflLces Deputies/being chaw, prcfent, taking
Horfe before the Church; with.-a great company
of che Nobility and Princes Deputies following o£i
him, went to cbej Cadre $ the Citizens in theirs
Arms Handing on both fides; where Godfrey Or*]
ieiitu 3 thc Emperours Secretary,having in a notable
Oration fet forth the Emperours Love and Affection
towards the Electors, Princes, and States!
of the Empire; and why, the Emperour himfelf
could not be prcfent at this Affembly, as willingly
he would have been; he propounded in hifii
Name five Articlesfor them in this their Affembly
to be especially confidered cfc pirfr^iiowthe
Empire might hereafter be preserved and defended
againft che. Violence of the Turks, and the
dangerous rebellions by their procurement fh'rred
up in Hungary, to the endangering of the whole
Empire; efpccially feeing thac the Turks, them*
felves (with whom the Peace was of late concluded
) by their doings had heretofore more
than Sufficiently declared what craft or credit was
to be given unto them ; and feeing that it is moft
maniieft, them therein to have fought for nothing'
|ejfej jtban that having made or rather counter-'
feitcd a Peace with the Christians for a time, for
the fupprdling of the Rebels, and the ling
of the lnvafionsof the Per fun ^ they might after;
fuch Victory again if them obtained, come bettor
provided and ftronger co overcome che Chrifiians.
Which was eafie to be feet*i for that whilft.
they were yet increating of Peace, they had taken
Stngmium, and baying concluded Peace, they
ceafed DOC as yet with their Counfcl and Aid to:
help the Rebels in their rebellious Tumults 5 which
was manifcftly to be perceived by the Haiduck^chemfeives,who
were not afhamed openly to profefs
thcmfelvcs to be the Great Sultans Servants, to
require Ciucs and Fonrcfles to be yielded unto the
Sultan, and to confpire againft the very name of
the Germans. For the fpeedy Remedy of which*
mifchief, the Emperour had thought good, that
confident ion of this point fhould fb be had, as that
the Princes fhould, either confenc unto a certain'
flanding and perpetual Contribution, whereby
a fiifficientftrength raighr always be ready wherewith
to withftand the Enemies attempts 5 6r elfe
coat for certain years twenty thoufand Foot raen 4
and four thoufand Horfe might there be {fill in
readinefs, to be maintained at che common charges
of the Empire ; which rhe Emperour ( need
fo requiring) might ufe againft the common Enemy.
Or, that if this were heavy or oublefome
unto che States of the Empire, yec ac leaf! they
fhould content yearly to contribute fuch Money
«s might fuffiee for the fuffaining of fuch a Power.
Another point of this Conclufion, was, a-
bout the correcting and reforming of the adminiftration
of Jnftice in the Imperial Chamber.
For, feting chat in the former AflembJies
and meetings this matter could not be fully decided,
by reafon of certain hinderances ana impediments
which then fell our, and that without
the due Adminiflration and Execution of Juftice
G g g g g g
no
1008
A Diet of
rhe Empire
by the
Emperour
appointed
at Rathbone.
The Articles
by
the Emperour
pre tided
to be
eonfidered
of in.
the Diet
of the
Empire
ac Rat'isbone.

884
,

Achmat, eighth Emperow of the Turfy. 885
1608 by reafon of their Difcord and DiiTention about
O'V*' the order of their Confultation ; the one part ftill
labouring for the Contribution to be firff agreed
W upon, and the other part holding as hard for the
Reformation of Juftice; fo that Ferdinand the
Arch-duke, out or hope of concluding any thing
The Diet that good was, not in vain to fpend his coft and
of the time any longer, the fifth of May difmifTed the
St*** ^ Affembly, and returned home, as did all the reft
pjjjlf of the Electors and Princes peputies,.no one Arjuthkne
tide that was propounded being fo much as once
brotenofl; reafoncd of, but all left undecided ; Co fmall care
and no- was c|, e^ Qf the common good, either for the rai-
Sded fing of Money for the withftanding of the Turks
and Rebels, or for the Reformation of Juftice ;
p the Neceffity of both, eithef on the one fide or the
other, fo hardly urged, and yet in Conclufion be
neither refpefted or regarded. •uh£*Li
*, VVhilft the Diet to no purpofc (as is aforefaid )
the Arch- was by tiie Arch-duke Ferdinand holdcn at Ra-
[dukecom- tiMne, Matthias the Arch-duke,with a grait Train
Ink00 following of him, came in the mean lime to Vrefbk\
where he was with much Joy and trtsburg.
Triumph
I
received; thcGarrifon Souldiers in order (landing
on borh fides the way as he went unto the Caftle':
Napragius the Bifhop of Rat, with an eloquent
Oration welcoming of him, m the prefence
of certain of the Hungarian Nobility, who bad
gone out as far as Hamburg to meet him, and now
alfo honourably welcomed him» much rejoycing
at his coming. The next day the Arch-bifhop,
and Cardinal of Strigomum, with a notable Train
of Hungarian Gentlemen came to Presburg; who,
forthwith received into the Cattle, and having
fal the Arch-duke, conferred with him of many
things in this Aflembly to be confulted of. In
the mean time lllifhafcw ( that Noble Hungarian
of whom we have fo often fpoken) arrived there
alfo with twelve Coaches, ninety Harquebufiers,
and forty Hungarian Horfemen going before him,
and three hundred Haiducki which had attended
upon him, being at rhe Gate difmifTed. So the
chief of the Hungarian Sates being come, the
Confultation was begun the three and twentieth
day of January; where, when as the Arch duke
had propounded unto the Hungarian Mobility;
what things they were efpecfally to confider of 3 it
was by them anfwered, The Haiducks,be(otc their
coming out, to have determined, not one whit to
depart from the Articles rhe year before propounded
and agreed on at Vienna; nor to admit any limitation
at all of them, Co that for the appealing
of the Tumults of the Haiducks, there was no need
of any new Confultation, but only to confirm fuch
things as was then and there confulted and agreed
upon. From which their Refolution, when as the
Hungarians were not to be removed, and being
grieved with thefcoffing at of certain of the Clergy
(thereupon refuting in any wife to make their
appearance, as they were commanded^ before the
Cardinal in the Cattle) were about again to depart,
making a folemn Proteftation, themfclves
to be guiltlefs of fuch barms as ffioujd thereof af-
rerwards enfue; it was at length on al 1 parts agreed
Commif- upon, That the whole matter ftouId be comm itted
Mionefsup- unto ten chofen out of the Hungarian Counfellors,
pointed and ten more of the Counfelloriof Auflria, to be
rafme'of con fulted and determined of. By whom, being
the new met all together the eight and twentieth day of
January, in the Houfe of Ittifhafcius, it was concluded.
That feeing that Peace and Qtiietne/s in
Troubles
in Hmg*•
rj.
thofe Countries of Hungary and Au\\ria, could not
otherwife be made, that thofe Articles and Conditions,
concerning which no Agreement could
the year before be made in the Treaty at Vienna,
being quite left off and neglc£ted> the reft of the
Articles which were there agreed upon, fhould be
ftill entirely obferved and kept; and that it fhould
;bc lawful for every man to have the free Exercife
of his Religion. Which thing the Coramiffioners
of Au/tria by a fpecial Writing there confirmed
unto the Hungarianr. Whereby they declared
themfclves, after long and mature deliberation, to
have perceived, not only by the true relation and
report of the Hungarians, but alfo by their own
experience, unto how great Inconvcniencics the
whole Kingdom of Hungary hath of long been
expofed, as well for the Wars it hath had with
the common Enemy of the Cbriftians, as for divers
the civil Tumults and Seditions therein; and
that therefore they, not willing that fuch harms
fhould in rhofe Countries again increafe and grow,
to the infinite cftufion of Chriftian Blood, after
the Articles of Pacification agreed upon at Vienna,
faw no other better Remedy for thefe fo great Inconveniencies,
than that all Parties fhould ftill
hold themfelves contented with the fame Articles
of Pacification concluded and agreed upon in the
faid Aflembly at Vienna. And that therefore they
had decreedjthofe Articles to be fincerely and inviolately
kept j and promifed unto the States of Hungary,
to give their Aid for the defence of thefe Articles,
againft all their Enemies, being ready to
give good rcafon thereof before God, the Church,
the Emperour Rodolph, the Arch-duke Matthias,
and his other Brethren, and all the Houfe of Aufiria,
as the Neceffity of thofe Countries fhould
fcem to require; hoping alfo that the States of
Hungary would reft themfelves Jikcwife in that
Pacification of Vienna, and the aiTurance thereof,
in all points obferving the fame; and that they
would always give their ready Help and Aid unto
the Countries of Auflria againft their Enemies
in like manner. All which things thus agreed
upon and determined, Letters of Confederation
were in the Name oiMatthm the Arch-duke,and
of all, as well the Ecdefiaftical as Temporal States
of"Hungaryand Auflria, to this purpole written,
That whereaSjfor the appeafing and fuppreffing of
the Tumults and Seditions, which the Haiducfy
by the furtigation of the Turks had of late not
doubted to raife, for the concluding of Peace with
the Great Sultan; they were met together at P'rgr-l
the Articles
of
burg, and therein altogether bulled, to devife how Pacificati­
agreed
the Kingdom of Hungary, with the Countries ad­ojoining,
might from Deftru&ion be delivered, in upon ac
the Chriftian Religion preserved, and from wafting
and fpoyiing, whereunto they had hitherto
\Vittm*4
been expofed, faved; upon mature Deliberation,
had as well in the Name of them that were prefent,
as of them that were abfent, made fuch a
Confederation and League, That if hereafter it]
fhould fortune any detriment of Wat to be by any
man made or done unto the Hungarians, or the'
Countries thereabout, for the aforefaid Articles of
Pacification, which they had determined religioufly
to keep, that they would forthwith with
their united forces come to Aid their Confederate
Brethren, and together with them to live or
die.
With thefe Letters figned and fealed with the
hand of the Arch-duke, and of the Noble Men*
there prefent, the fir ftof February y IUijhaJciM, WirJ*
George Turfon, were fent unto the Tumultuous
Haiducks (who had now appointed their Mef-I
(ages to be fent unto the Sultan and the Tartaf
Cham, to crave their Aid) to diffwade them*
from fuch their purpole, and to perfwade theYn
to quietnefs; threatning them Withal, That ill
they would not hearken unto fuch honcft Conditions,
they fhould ail together, and at once,
be fct upon and opprcfTcd by the whole Vowct
of the States
GgSSgg*
the-
1008
Letters of
Confederation
betwixt
the
States of
Aufirid
and Hungary,
for
the main's
raining of

886 Achmat, eighth Emperow of the Twrl$.
1608
The States
of Enftric
commanded
by the
Archduke
Matthias
to be always
in a
readinels
againflthc
Haiduckj.
The
Prince of
Valachia
dieth,
whole
Widow
notably
preferveth
the Country
for her
Son.
The Duke The Great Duke of Florence had hitherto done
of Florence great harm with his Fleet unto the Turks in the
in vain requcftcd
by
the Turks
to fpare
their Gallics.
The Htiducks
refute
to adroit
of the
Pacification
made
at Vienna.
The Aflembly at Fresburg thus ended, Matthias
the Archduke returning to WAIM, and forthwith
calling together the States oiEnferic ) declared unto
them all that was done in the Aflembly at
Fresburg. And for as much as that AiTcmbly was
chiefly to that end appointed, That the Kingdom
of Hungary fhould not altogether be pluck'd away
from the Empire; and that after the revolt thereof,
the greateft harm to be done by the Incurfions
and fpoyling of the Enemies, would lie upon the
Countries of Auftria; he advifed them fo to look
unto thcmfclvcs, and carefully to provide for the
Common-weal, as that having Money always in
readinels to maintain an Army, they might with
all convenient fpeed go to meet with the HaiduchA
if haply they would not conform themfeb/es unto
the Articles of the Pacification, but again raife
new Broils? that fo they might defend and pteferve
their Country from their Outrages-
About the beginning of this Spring, when as
Jerome Prince of Valachia was dead, leaving behind
him a Son bur thirteen years old, thefcmpcrour
admitted him, as yet not capable of the
Government, under Tntojs, unto the Succeffion
of his Heritage. Which th'iag thf Vqlacmans being
by no means willing to endure, and bearing
themfelves upon the help of the Turks, went about
to make choice of another inftead of their Prince
of late dead. For which caufe, the Prinafs, Widow,
by Letters certified Follofcie, her Son in Law,
of this Outrage and Injury of her Subjects j and
having obtained' of him a great fum of Money,
and therewith railed an Army of ten thousand
good Souldiers, went forth, a gain ft the Valacfayansi,
and in open field overcame them, in fb bloody
and terrible a Battel, that having flain,,five thouland
of the Valachians and Turks, (he had over
them a notable Victory,, and by that meanss preserved
the Principality ofchat Country for her Son.
Lords, with Horfes and other Gifts, to be divided
among their Leaders and Captains; and moreover,
daily expc&cd Aid from the "tartars^ who
in great Numbers lay about Belgrade. Wherefore
feeing it could not be exprt fled what great barm
and lo was by the Haidttikj done, as well unto
the Noblemen themfelves, as to the common
Country-men; that they fhould therefore thereof
give theit Neighbours to uoderltand, and wkh
all fpeed to take up Arms agajnft the fame rebellious
Haiducks.
w -*r
Not long after, about the latter end oiMarcb,
Proclamation was made by the Commandment
oi Matthias the Arch- duke,throughout all dmrfit^
That every man fhould provide himfelf

1608
The Archduke
M«-
tbias pre-
Adimatj^eighth Emperour of the Turfy.
pirethhim • and a multitude of gppd Souldicw, goiqg opt of
lelf for his Vienna towards the Mana/tcry ofiyA^Wg, fefifoX:
Expcditition
into watd upon his Jpj«£e^:W#i9g^Miini night
Mrttvia, and twenty ^e^PKQi#na^pAtb(9ierrixpcc^iQS
The Nobility
of Bohemia
are
by the Em
peror com
mantled to
be ready
in Arms.
The Archduke
Matthias
with
an Army
cometh to*
Znitmeia
Mtiavia.
The Emperour
(endeth
Ambafladonrs
to the
Arch-duke
Mat/bias
at Zname.
he did tatifie and confirm all doings that were
f done and concluded with Hie &$ and
Turly; bjit that his Will was, Tftiat,thft.Confederation
made betwixt the States of Hungary and
Aufiria at Presburg, (hould bq voU, .and of. none
cSedti Which, the Arch-duke
IMJg
could by no means Iijce, p£ pr {p/jer; to be done,
he, the fifteenth of ^i/a^^afd^WJcJlrflpgi'eat
number of the Peers, .Nobijjfeiy au^ ^uwejtors,
his Spukjiers in a|l places levied: by jjub/tick Lcttersproteflinga
That-nproan fliouldffomJyaAlv
my receive
| ifdiafcbjFAcbaTjes'any
harm were done -$kW man by his Army, afc
airing .(|is Subjc#s-,J£''lhQwd be again mwo them
rcflored and rocompenfed- li.
But the rumour of this Expedition being brouglit
into Bohemia, the I^pb.ility of the fCquqtrey began
to arTcmble themtelve% (hq fiftecnt-hday of April,
wh ithcr,whcn as many pf the Deputies of the other
Cquntreys were afTcmblod ajfb, it i^ejngjdecreedi,
That the Nobility of the faftji&j^ajesrlijhereiprcfent,
fbould with all (peed return home, and lb
provide themfelycs apd their Subjects of neccflary
Arms; that, need fo requiring, jthgy fhoj»ld there-I
with he able to defend therofel vesarid their Coun- •
trey, the AflemWy Was difroiffed. Befidesthat,
the Empcrou r himlel f, careful for al I Events, .can-1
fed many, bpth Hoffoaed Fpor, to be brought toJ
Prague^ and to be div

888 Achmat, eighth Emperour of the Turfy.
1608
An Aflcmbly
of the
Scares of
Beheadft
hoiden at
Prague, in
thePrefenee
of
the Emperour.
The Requefls
of
the Nobility
and
States of
Bohemia
unto the
Emperor*
The three and twentieth day of May, an AfTcmbly
ot the States of Bohemia was called at fragile,
the Emperour himfelf being thece prefent, Adam
WaJdfteine carrying the drawn Sword before him-
In which AHembly, the Nobility and States ;o£
the Country with one confent prorailcd to fpend
their Goods and Lives in the Emperours quarrel •,
yet in the mean time requeuing thefe things following
to be granted and confirmed unto them;
viz. That Religion, according to the confeffion of
Bohemia and Augujla, ihould inviolately be kept,
and that they which profeffed the one, fhould not
therefore feoffor defpife the other.. That Bohemians
only fhould be preferred to Archbifhoprrcks,
Abbotfhips, and other fpiritual Preferment/That
theArchbifhop fhould not.-roeddlerwith Civil and
Political Affairs. That Eecjefiafiical Offices fhould
be permitted unto the Proteffant Miniflers, as informer
time, rhc_CathoKcks. in the mean time
holding that they had. The Poutificial difpenfation
in canfe ; sof Matrimony, according to the Decree
of the Aflembly hoiden in the Year icoa,
fhould be abrogated and taken away. That it
fhould not be lawful for Priefts and other Ecclcfiaftical
Pcribns to buy Lands or Territories, with-'
out the expels content of ail the three States, but
to hold themfclves contented with theirTythsand
other their Revenues. That it fhould be lawtulfbr
all men in their own Ground and Territories to
build Churches for Religion, on both fides. That
Proteflants and Patrons of the Univerfity of Prague
friould be- joyoed to (he Confiftory, as they were
in the ..time of the Emperour Ferdinand. That one
fhould be chofen for Burgrave in this Aflembly.
That chief political Offices fhould not be left void
above a Month. That unto thefe political Offices
men of both Religions fhould be admitted; fo that
if the Burgrave were aCatholick, the chief Judge
fhould be a prot(|ftant. That every man fhould
ep joy his Right, and that no Peace Ihould be publifhea
againft the. tf me; neither that they which
were of the Order of Knights fhould be rafhly
fued, or bound to any arrett. That one of the
Bohemians Ihould always be chofen into the fecret
Council, and made acquainted with the Bohemian
Affairs-rrlSliat every man might haveaccefs to
the Emperour, and not all things to be done by
his Counfeilors.' That it fhould be declared to all
Men, what was to be underfiood by the Crime of
-Trcafon. That a difference fhould be made betwixt
Offences j and that no roan fhould for any
light Offence, together with his Goods, lofe his
Life and Reputation. That the Suits of Widows,
Orphans, and others alfo, fhould with Expedition
be difpatcbed, and not from day to day deferred.
That from henceforth £ he Father fhould not be
bound to pay the Sons debt, which he was run
into without his knowledge j neither yet the Son
himfelf. That in political Offices Mea fhould not
be too much grieved with too heavie Exactions.
That Men fued fhould not be fummoned but in
good Terms, and that fuch as were in any Reputation
be bound unto any arreft, without the
hearing of their Caufe, and much lefs to be imprifoned-
That the Sword, upon frowardnefs or
madnefs taken out of the Church of Thine certain
years before, fhould be again let in the former
place. That Lawyers which pleaded mens Caufes'
fhould be contented with fuch Fees as were by
common Decrees appointed them. And laft of
all to conclude, they in any wife requeued the
Emperour, that it would pleafe bim to eafe the
Nobility and States of Bohemia of thefe Griefs, before
they were compelled re anfwer unto fuch
thitigs as were to be propounded unto them on his
behalf. Who eafily granted unto raoft of thefe
Articles, thofe which concerned Religion only
excepted, fo that the Senators of the old Town
of frague obtained the defired Sword to be agaio
forthwith let in the wonted Place. But as for the
bufinefs of Religion, it was altogether put eft and
deferred unto the next Aflembly to be hoiden at
the Feaft of St. Michael.
About the int) of May, the Arch-duke Matthias^
Ambafladors, having received fate Conduct
from the Emperour and the Nobility of the Kingdom
ot Bohemia, came to fragile • and btfng ad­
baftadors
come to
mitted ioawne'Cbuncel of the Nobility, Charles Prague.
Count Ti/entfftif to whom that charge was given,
having in^he^Archdukcs Name fitft faluted the
Nobility, • caufed what he and the reft had in
charge, Wise before them out of a long Writing
in the Bohemian Tongue read; which done, when
as the Nobility fo requiring, they were put afide,
and almoft an hour after were called again, tncy
received Anfwer, That the points of the Ambaffage
by them propounded, were greater, and of
more weight, than that lufficicnt Deliberation
could thereof in fo fhort a time be had; and that
therefore it was by'the Nobility thought meet,
chat Commiffioners on both fides, meeting together
in the open Field near unto Vekritfe, fhould
there confult of thefe Articles-, and by the Confent
of the Emperour and the Arch-duke, to do what
they might to end the matter ; Unto which
Anfwer the Arch-dukes Ambafladors contenting,
the ninth of June returned again unto the Camp.
-The Empcrours Ambafladors within iwp days
after with forty Coacher and in hundred Horfc
following them unto the Place appointed; who oftentimes
going to and fro, at length fo wrought
the matter on both fides, that the Bufinefs quietly
and friendly ended, they were again made
Friends. <
The Articles of which Pacification and Agreement
betwixt the Emperour and* the Arch-duke
were the feventeenth day of June, in the Cattle
of fragile, openly read in the Bohemian Tongue,
Lichtenftem, Rwtskie, and other Chieftains, the
Arch-dukes Amballadours, being there prefent, in*
order thus:
That the Emperour refuted nor, but that the
The Articles
of Pa­
Crown of Hungary fhould be delivered into the
Arch-duke Matthias's Hands; and to yield unto cification
him the Kingdom ot Hungary, and to remit unto betwixt
the Emperonr
and
his Subjects the Oath of their Allcgeancc before
given unto him, fo that the Nobility and States the Archduke
of Hungary fhould chute no other King but the Mat-
Arch-duke. That in the next Diet of the Empire,
he fhould propound unto the States of the
empire to be confidered of, what Contribution
they ought to make unto the Archduke for the
defence of their Frontiers, \i happily longer War
were to be made with the Turk. That he fhould
caufe the Writings which concerned that Kingdom
of Hungary, within the fpace of two Months gibe
delivered-unto the Arch-duke. That he fhould
likewife alio furrender up the Arch-dukedom of
Auflria, by himfelf hitherto pofTeffed, unto the
Arch-dukc: yet fo as that the Arch-duke fhould
take upon himfelf all the Emperours Debr,as well
in Hungary as in Aufltria^ and within a year fhould
caufe lufficient Recognizance or Caution, (ealcd
with his own hand, to be delivered unto the
Creditors. That he fhould caufe all the Letters
and Writings, as well concerning the upper AH-\
firia^ as the nether, within the fame time to be
delivered unto him, together with a Copy of the
Priviledges therein, until that Deliberation might
be had concerning them, to be transferred unto
him alfo. That the Nobility and States of Bohemia
fhould in the Emperours Name ratifie and
confirm the Treaty held at Vienna, for the making
of the Peace betwixt the Emperour, the turkf, and
_jhel
1608
Matthias,
the Archdukes
Am*
Commiffioners
appointed
fcrthe
ending of
the Troubles
betwixt
the
Emperonr
and Matthias
the
Arch*
duke.
thiai.

ThcCrown
peliyered
unto die
Mmb'tm.
Achimv tigktk Emfermr of the Twlv.
ioo8 the Hungarians. That they alio fhould noc refufe,
at the Eropecours requcft, co promife unto the \i commanded three great Voliics of (hoc to be dify
charged, and afterwards royally feafted the £m-
Arch-duke a certain Succelfion into the Kingdom
of Bohemia; but yec with condition, fo that if it
perout's Ambauadors. Which Pacification thusmade,
many out of the Arch-duke's Campj DUE
fhould happen the Etnperour ID dye without Heirs
Mate, before the death of the Arch-duke his Brother;
buc if he fhould have Heirs Male lawfully
efpeCia'lily che Hungarians, went into the City of
frague* there co buy chings necelTary; and many
came alio out of the City w fee the, Aroh-duke's
begotten and under age; that in that cafe he fhould Camp. Buc in the mean time, certain infolent
only have the Rule and Government of the King* Souldiers having by night broken upeerifcin Shops
dornof Bohemia, yet with certain Bohemian Counfellers
joyned unto him; That the Arch-duke
fhould by writing confirm unco the Nobility and
States of Bohemia, That he fhould after the ufual
manner and fafhion demand the Kingdom of Bohemia,
being void of | King. That he fhould cake
che ufual Oath of a King, and always have like regard
of all iheir Priviledges as the other Kings his
Fredec! ThatiheScaccsof Bohemia fhould
not gainfay, buc that che Arch-duke might hereafter
ufe the Title of the defigned King of Hungary.
That che Admin ftration of the* Marquifet of
M&avia fhould be granted, unco che Arch-duke
MatthiM and his Heirs, together with the Tide of
a Marquefs, until chat after the death of the Em>
pcrour chk Province was again to revert unto him
which was co enjoy che Kingdom oi Bohemia. Buc
if it fhould happen che Arch duke co dye before che
Emperour. che States of Bohemia fhould noc refufc,
but that tnis Province fcparate a-part, might ( as
fhould feem good ) chufe unco ic felfa Patron and
Defender, unco the death of the Emperour. That
che Bifhoprick of Almits, hitherto in Temporalities
fubjeft unco the King of Bohemia,, fhould from
thenceforth acknowledge che Arch-duke MatthiM
co be che Governour thereof, left there fliouldbe a
confufion of Suits in Moravia; the Bifhop in the
mean cime having regard unco his own Priviledges.
That the Emperour ac che requeft of the Archduke
fhould maintain the Priviledges of them of
Silefia, and of che States of che fixCities, and augment
them alfb with new Priviledges, being realonablc
and convenient. That for che defence of
che borders againft che Turks, che Nobility and
States oi Bohemia fhould noc contribute more than
hitherto they were wont; yet laving unto che
Arch-duke power and ability iu the general Meetings
and AfTeml of che Kingdom to entreat
thereof, as che Emperour had bitherco had. That
the Tides of all the Provinces which rhc Emperour
did now furreoder unco the Arch-duke Matthias,
fhould be frill unto him reserved. That the Arch'
duke Matthias fliouldutterly renounce che Councy
of firali, and furrender his pare thereof unco
the Emperour. That in che Meetings and Aflemblies
co come, che Arch-duke fhould by all means
endeavour, that che Emperour fhould receive a
reafonablc yearly Contribution ouc of thofe Provinces
which he now departed with. That all offences
hitherto committed, fliouldgenerally be forgiven
and pardoned, all and every the Perfons on
both Parties, oncly Verkavious excepted, concerning
whom, as alfo concerning his debt, che Nobility
oi Moravia had undertaken in their next Ailembly
to cake order. And that Arms fhould on both
fides be laid a pact •
Which Articles thus agreed upon,and on both
parts accepted of, che Crown of Hungary, with the
Ornaments thereto belonging, fucb as are King
Stephen's Sword, the Golden Apple, with the Croft
of the Kingdom upoo it, two pair of rich Shooes, a
very ancient Robe, with a Royal Scepter, were
by the Empcrour's chief Lieutenant carried into
che Camp, and there in a broad and open Field
delivered unco the Arch-duke Matthias; who,
with his Army in order ranged, and lixteen thoafand
Horfe and Poot divided into three Battalions,
after he had received rhefc Royal Ornaments,
of the Jem, and corned one of them rjbUeli rfeh
Wares, were rhe caufe of gicat ftirsand Tumulcs
in che City j mfomuch, that; divers of che Sbuldir
ers were therefore call into Prifon.
889
The firftof Jufy, King AfaMtat/ riling wich MST
King Mat-
Army, departed from before Prague-, caking his tbiasde-
partech
way with his chief CounfelJors towards I/flrra, and
dividing his Army into three parts, that fo they wich his
might the more eafilief pafs through thofe Countries
home. After che ruing of whitfh Army, a carl
Army oat
of Bohemiii,
rain Noble Bohemian, and a good Souldier, called
Cottouitsy unto whom the Hungarians and Hoi*
ducfy had in this Expedition done great harm,
with fi?c hundred Harquebuficrs, and a numbef
of Country-men went forth co a Place called Fan>
touitfii where, having cue ofFthc PafTage, and cut
down Trees crofs the ways, chat none might that
way conveniently pats, he, wicM^fuch fatfivt%'
Place of ad vantage charged the Hungariansicotavak
that way, that having flain abouc nine hundred
of them, fome others were alfb carried away Prifbnecs,
with a great booty of Horfes, Waggons,
and other Goods. W ith wh ich deed the Hungarians'
grieved, trod down the Corn as they went 1 ,
and began to fee fire on the Villages and Houfes
in the Country thereabouts. Buc the news thereof
being brought unto the King, he forthwith by Herbenfiein,
General of the Horfe-mcn, commanded
the Hungarians and Haiducks not onely to defift
from this their Infolcncy, buc themfelves *Wd, upon
a great Penalcy, cb help co quench the firesby
them raifed.
< In the mean time, the coming of King Matthias KingAS.eN
being reported at Vienna, great -preparation was thtot cntereth
into
there made for the receiving of him and bringing
of him into che City, according to his Royal Dignicy
, who, c-he fourteenth of Jufy, toward night, and is
MaiMry K
.being come thither, with the Arch-duke MaximiA ceinateto
lian nis Brother, and three thoufand Horfe, the eletma, '
Archbifhop of Hungary, who, with Count Trautfa*
mius, and many other che Emperom's Counfellors
and Servants, went out of che City co meet him,
and there araidft eight Enfigns of German Souldiers,
and fifteen hundred Hone-men, as it were fee
in order of Battel, received him with a long and
Eloquent Oration, as did afterwards TrautfamiHs
in che name of the States of Aujiria 5 the Emperour's
Counfellors alfb honourably welcoming
him. Which done, mounting again to Horfe, the
King, with the Arch-duke Maximilian his Brother,
fraied until that two Troops of the Horfemcn
of Vienna (each of chem confining of two
hundred Horfe) were all entred into the City;
andafcerwardjfifceen hundred of Bucheime's Horferaen,
and che aforefaid eight Enfigns olGerhtans
going before, and the Empcrour's Counfellors following
chem. che King himfelf with the Archduke
his Brother, and all bis Train, fet forward,
and pairing over the Bridge, whereon three triumphal
Arches were moftfumptooufly erc&ed, he
Was by three thoufand Citizens! of Vienna, gallantly
apparelled and armed, with much thundering
of the great Ordnance and Vblliesof fmall fhoy,
moft magnificently received, divers other Triumphs
and Spores, to manifeft the Toy of the People,
being there made alfb, which rorbrevity fake
we pafs over* Buc being gone a little farther, he
was by the Senators of Vienna on Horfe-back received
1008
She Aba.
gmnewi
ffaiekc^s
by Cotouits
flaia.

890
ioo8
TheProteftant
States in
Auflriai&-
quire to •"•
havetho^
fc free E*er-|
Achmat, eighth Emferow]pf the Turl\r.
p&yed under a rich Canopy, borne up by fix of the
ancientefb of the faid Senators, and to brought to
Saint &

Achmat, eighth Emperor of the 7w%.
ioo8
:d unto him, they received
•mm—r-war—from him thisanfwer, That King Matthias never
thought todirtutb the common quiet of that Country,
or to attempt any thing againtr the Priviiedges
thereof, granted by the Empcrour Maximilian
of happy Memory \ but to grant unto the Cities
the liberty of Religion, he could by no means,
partly in refpeft of Conscience, partly for the danger
that might thereof enfue from the Pofie and the
King of Spain, and yet neverthclefs, that he would
promife to fuller and tollerate the tree Exercife of
Religion without the Cities, and in the bellowing
of publick Offices to have no refpect of Religion;
yet with this Condition, that they fhould lay down
Arms, fubmit themfelvcs unto the King, acknowledge
their Fault, and crave Pardon for the famed
for that.in fo doing, the States fliouldhaply prevail
more than by force of Arms.
The Proce- With which anfwer, feeing no better could be
ofl'tf 1 *' 165 fi? r ' Hungarian Ambafladors going unto the
by thcJ/«n- Ptoteftant States of Austria, began by divers rcagmatu
ad- fbns to perfwade them to fubmit themfelves unto
vUedtDlay the King. If the Hungarians fliould (as they faid)
down gj ve ay unro them of Austria, they fhould in fo
tofobmit doing, inftcad of helping them, but do them more
themfelves harm; for that the Hungarian Power could not be
onto die brought into Aujlria, but to the utter deftru&ion
K|D S* thereof. That the League betwixt the Hungarians
and ithem of Auflria was a general League, and
concerned as well the Catholicks as the Proreftants.
Thar the Chriftian Religion was never
with the Sword planted or defended, Chrift himfelf
faying, them to be happy which therefore
fuffer Perfecution, and commanding Peter to put
up his Sword into his Scabbard. That it was an
eafie matter for every man to raifc Stirs and Tu-
, „«. mults, but that again to appeafe them wasa far harder
matter. That by the taking up of Arms, the
free exercife of Religion could not be furthered or
provided for, it being rather dangerous, left the
'il *•*•'• contrary part prevailing, it fliould be utterly fuppreflcd.
That oy this means, Hungary it CdCChould
be expofed to many dangers, for that not only new
Stirs might upon thisoccauon by t he Subjects thereof
be raifed, but other foreign Princes take up Arms
againft it alfo; the Empcrour. by force of-Arms,
feeking for his Right, and the Turkifli Sultan, by a
new Invafion, going about to bring the fame under
his Subjection; and telling them farther, the Archduke
to have promifed to take good order for all
things, fo that they would lay down Arms $ and that
the Clemency and Bounty of thofc Princes being
crownfljjjfirft, the Royal Crown was in a Irately
Chariot carried out of rheCaftlc unto the Churchy
with a great number of the CounfeJlers and Nobility
of Hungary attending the fame j in which Chariot
were aJfo carried ten Enfigns, with the Arms
of the Kingdom "in them frilled up, four of the
Hungarian Counfcllcrs raking it out o( the Chariot
in a little Cheft covered with Cloth of Gold, and
fo carrying of it into the Chancel of the Church.
After which, King Matthias, together with the
Arch-duke Maximilian his Brother, followed on
Horfe-back,both attired inHiw^wM* Apparcl,and
fo going into the Chancel, there frayed about half
an hour, until that he was by two Bifhops brought
forth unto the Altar,before whom ten of the Hungarian
Nobility carried the ten aforefaid Enfigns;
after whom followed the Palatine with the Crown,
Fndeodius with the Royal $ec$tct,Fargatfiewith the
Apple of the Kingdom, turfo with King Stephens
Sword, Tfechms carrying the Pax, as they call it 5
Budiaa the Crofs, the Cardinal Forgatfie laying
Mali, with divers Bifhops and Prelates helping or
him, by whom the King was at the beginning of
Service anointed with Oyl; where, while the Eptfl'Ie
and Gofpel were in reading, the Cardinal fet the
Crown upon the King's Head,all the People crying
out, Long live Matthias, the King of Hungary. But the
King,with the Crown upon hisheadjakinga drawn
Sword out oiSigefred CoUonitz the Marshal's hand*
thrice brandiflied ira-crofs over the Clergy-mens
heads, and received the Sacrament at the Cardinals
hand. The Mafs being ended, he, by an high-way
covered with Cloth, going in his royal Robes from
S-Martins Church unto the Bare-foot Friers Church,
as he went, caufed money to be caft abroad among
the People* In which Church, after the firft Chapter
of the Gofpel of St. John being read, he made
28 Knights. From thence the King, with the
Crown yet on his Head, and iri his ftately Robes*
went out of the City at St. MiehaePsGaxc, and there
on Horle-back was brought unto an high Stage covered
with cloth, whereon he was fworn unto the
Hungarians as their King, and they unro him as his
Subjects: and afterward thrice mounting up to
Horfc upon a little Hill made for that purpofe 3 and
fo down again, and thrice brandishing his Sword
a-crofs, he returned back again into the Cattle,
where he with Maximilian the Arch-duke., Cardinal
Forgatfie^ the Pope's Nuntio, and the Palatine,
Cat down at one Table, the reft of the Hungarian
Nobility, to the number of 70, fitting down at fix
other Tables, and Co dining with great mirth; the
r Haiducks, and common fort of People, being there
bountifully fcarted alfo: where many of them, in
fcrambiing for the money that was cart abroad,
and in taking up of the Cloth from the Scaffold,
having theit hands and fingers cutoff) and fo la-i -
med, carried from thence the woful remembrance
of that was there then done.
known, they were not to doubt but that they
would indeed perform what they had in word pro
raifed; and that the Hungarians could not now do
or attempt any thing againft the King: but that if
it fhould happen thefe two Arch-dukes being dead
without Heirs- male, theGovernment of thefe two
Provinces fliould come unto the Arch-duke Ferdinand,
that then they fliould have more caufe to
help them c£ Auflria againft him. Moravia they faid
to be a free Country, and yet the King to have
thereunto given no more afturancc for the liberty
of Religion, more than his bare promife. Where­
The Solemnity ol this Coronation thus pa/f,
King Matthias thought it good for him yet for a time
to flay at Presburg, untill that the new building
in the Carrie was ended, which the Nobility of
fore feeing that both the fortune and chance of War Hungary had appointed for the keeping of the
was doubtful, and that War was not without the Crown of Hungary, to the intent that he faimfelf
great expence of Money to be maintained, that might fee the fame, with other the Royal Ornaments
put thereinto, and fealed up wirnbis own
they were of opinion, it to be beft for theProteftant
States of Auflria to lay down Arms, and by way of Seals be in the mean While labouring to appeafe
rcqueft to follicice their caufe wirh the King. divers Contentions, and to place fit men again in
ittijhitjchM In the mean time, the Griefs whereof the HunehofenF*-
garians complained being raken away, and all Hungarians would by no means fuffch the Germans
the great Offices of the Commonweal $ for that the
sMm^gpntroverfie's happily ended, Jllifhafcim was, by a to enjoy any of the fame: for which caufe, many
Hungary, general confenr, chofen to be Palatine; and Mat-\ of the chief Officers, men of great Authority, were
Mutthi'at at thias, the 14th of November, openly proclaimed
Presburg
difplaced; and amongft them, SigifridCoBonitzzXfo,
a man who had mofl well defervedof the King­
King ol Hungary; and the i of the fame Month
crowned
King of m St. Martins Church at Presburg in this manner dom of Hungary; howbeit, fhortly after) he by the
Hungary.
Counfel of Maximilian the Arch-duke, was by the
Hhhhhh .
JEte/z-
1008

sfs
1608 Hungarians, themfelves (repairing them of chat
^^s^xhey had done ) not onlv rcftorcd unto' his former
Offices, but had by them f and that not with-
I out his jnft defert) even greater Preferments ofiered
him alfo? fo mutable a thing the Judgcmcntof the
tUifliafei. common People is. Bur SUfhafcbms, now the Palaw
and o- tine of Hungary, the "&tb day of November, talking
there in wj t j, tne Ki 0 g Matthias at large, and carnefUy intreated
with him in the behalf of the Proteflant
vain intreat
for che
States oT
States of Anuria, efpecially for that the other Protectant
States of Hungary itemed now in their be­
Auflria.
half to be much moved alfo; and the Moravian Ambaffadors
openly at the fame time protcfting, that
their States could in no wife for fake them their
Friends, the States of Auflria, if their need fo required.
And albeit that both the Elector of Saxony,
and other Princes of the Empire, were become earned
IntercelTors alfo unto the King for them, yet
the Popes Nwrtio fo hardly withftood them^ as nothing
could as then be granted.
About the beginning of "December^ the King returning
again from Presburg to Vienna, about the
fixtecnth of December the Protectant States of Auftria
at length lent En.rftus the free Baron of Lan*
dauJAaximihan Poibeime,Sebaftian Grobner,Charles
Borberger, Pi/gram Sit/endorff, zn&Cbrifiopber Bucbner
3 their Ambaffadors unto the King, to bring
them amwer whereunto to truft* who, the i")tb
of Vecembkv received anfwer, That they fhould
hold themfelvcs contented with fiich anfwer as
they had before received, and to fubmit themfelves
to the Kings pkafiirb,or elfe,to do what they them-
The States felves faw good. With which anfwer they rctur-
,prepare ning, the Scatflsforthwith began 10 levy ncwPorces,
themfelvcs and to ^ecfukde their Souldiers, that, mindful of
forWar * their Oaths, they fhould faithfully fetve whirhcrfoever,
and againft whomfocver they were led.
1600 • And now a great Army of the Proteflant States
y/-V«>-> of Auflria lay. in the Villages about Crembfa. and
Spaine, fo that thofc two Towns were thought
to be in great danger of them; for the ftretfgthning
of which Places, Buebeime was by the King
aenc thither with) 1500 Horfe and certain pieces
of great Oidnance, and an Edict withal published
the loth of January,, charging the States to be prclpnt
at Vienna, the iif£.day of the fame Month,
to take the Oath ofrbeii' Allegcancc to the King.
Howbeit, they mod iifly frill refufed fo to do, or
to remit any thing of that which they had before
requ ircd; infomuch, tha ^Maximilian theArch-duke,
who,bic bertohad not a little laboured in tbiscaufe,
'
An hot
Skirmifh.
Achmat, eighth Emferour of the Turfy.
was quite out of hope to bring them to any Conformity
,or make any good end thereof In the mean
tinoccenato) of; Bucbeime'sHork-mzn on the King's
part being' about to have taken* up a Place, inch as
they thought convenient for them for to lodge in,
had like to harvebeen disappointed of the fame by
the Horfe- men oiGerrane,on the States fide. About
which matter, Buebeime, coming forthwith feven
Troops rifrHorfe- men, and Gerrane but with three
Troopsof Horfe,and three Companies of Foot,there
was ©etwirafc them a hot Skirmifh for the time,
fought the i^tboi January, in which Skirmifh an
100 of Bucbeinie's. Horfe-mcn were flain, but of
Gerrani& Men not lb many, they hawing the advantage
of the Ground, and fo therewith in the
SkirmiQi holpcn both for the defence of themfelves
and the annoying of their Enemies. Whereof the
King having knowledge.and therewith much moved;
befidethe aforefaid Edict, caufed another to
be proclaimed at Vienna, againft fiich Souldters as
ferved the Protectants -, profcribing them all, and
pronouncing them Rebels, except before the 2 ith
day of }anuary,thcy laying down Arms,departed
outofcheProteflantsCamp. Howbeir, t,fae Proteftanr
States wese fo fas from diftniiling their Forces,
as that they withnewSupplicsftrcngthned thefiune;
and having taken an Hill not farfrcro Halltriyney 16c©
and from thence difcharging ihrcetireof lopicccsoi f?J
great Ordnance, (truck a great irarand terror into
the Minds of the King's Souldicrs within the Town. jjS
About this time alio the States of Moravia I that The States
nothing might on their pan be wanrinc for the ma- of^^w
king of an Attoneroent betwixt the King and the JJJJJfljSj
Proteftant States of Aujlna) fent fomc of theirAm- tbrtheProbafladors
unto thofc States at Horne,2nd otherfomc reftant
unto the King at Vienna; who.having acceis unto ^Bi e ? **
the King, declared unto him,the States of Mot
from whom they came,to be carnefUy importuned
by the Proteftant StatesoiAujtria,to fend them Aid,
according to the Agreement made with them the
year before 5 and told him moreover, That this
manner of his proceeding tended not unto Peace
and Quietnefs,but rather unto the Trouble and Deftrucrion
both of theKingdom,and of all the other
Provinces to him belonging) all that Error,the
ground of thofeTroobles, they (aid, to depend on a
perverfe interpretation or mifconftruing of words,
rather than of the matter it felf j fo that it might by
Men defirous of Peace easily be compofed and elided.
And that therefore their requeft unto his Majetty
was, That he,having regard not only unto the
good and welfare of his Provinces and Subjects, but
even of bimfelf, and of his Honour alfo, would of
his Clemency and Goodnefs vouchfafe to give remedy
unto the prefent danger, and avert the n
ble Calamities now hanging over them, and even
ready to tall upon their heads. The ProteflantStates
they faid to be content to put the Controverfie to
be decided and compofed by certain grave and
wife Men, to be chofen Arbitrators on both parts;
^*
yet with tbiVCondition, That for the fpace of fourteen
days, no Hostility fhould on eiihcr fidebe
ufed i that the Inhabitants, both above and b m .
neath Amifum, fhould be comprifed within this
Trucej that fuch as were kept in durance for their
Religion, fhould be fet at liberty; and that all
High-ways and Paflcs fhould be from all Ambufhes,
and other clangers cleared. Unto which their
requeft the King condefcending, gave leave unto
the States of Moravia, upon the molt equal Conditions
they could dcvife, to compofe and end all
matters; who fo laboured in this bufinefs betwixt
the King and the Proteftant States of Austria, that
at length, viz. the twelfth of March, a Pacification
was made betwixt the King and them his Subjects; 7*2*?*
Leopold the Arch-duke, Mehmu the Popes Mm*, ££|£
the Bifhop of Vienna^ and other great Men of the oo in
contrary Religion and Faction, leeking m vain to A0"*
have letted the fame; the chief Articles and
points of which Pacification were thele: That the
Nobility in their Caftles and Towns, as alfo in
their Houfcs in the Cities, «fhould for themfelves
and their People have the freeExcrcife of their Religion
: That the free Exercifc of Preaching might
be ufed in the three Churches at tferjftbre,Tribe/~
fuince/y and Home: Thar the other Churches (hut
up, might again be opened by three of the Rantijb
and three of the Reformed Religion, and the free
Exercifc of Religion in them ufed: That Cpunfellersand
other publickOfficers fhouldfromthencefbrth
indifferently be chofen of men of both Religions)
but that fuch Offices as were hereditary
fhould fo ftill remain: That the Election of Magiftrates
and other publick Officers in Towns and Cities,
fhould from thenceforth be made by tlcMagift
rates and Citixens themfelves, and not to be nominated
from the Court as hitherto they had been:
That no Church fhould hereafter be (hut againft
either part, but their own Churches to be left unto
them both quietly to ufe: That the Towns-men
and Citizens in their Towns and Cities (hould
from thenceforth have power to make choice of
their Miniftersand Preachers, and that for them it
fhould
£•
H

The Stales
of the reformed
Religion
'' in Auflria •
take the •
Oath of
Obedierc:
onto King
Matthias.
lllijjiafciwf
the Palatine
of
Hungary
dieth.
Achrhat}X(%gbtb Empdrokr oftbeTwh.
(The Turks
feelt'fe-,1
cretly-to -.
encroach
upon the
Cnriftians,
and the
Chriftians
feck again
to annoy
them.
1609 fhould be lawful to vifirthe Sick, and to admin ir
••'S^ flcr unto them the Lords Supper: That the Oath
of Allegeance Ihould be taken of them of the Reformed
Religion, in like manner as it had been be*
taken of them of the iBidmijh t but yet not with the
fame Ceremonies of the Romijh Church; all union
and confederation with them to be had, to be
taken away; that all grudging, hatred ,and quarrel
' ihoald be on both fides forgiven, and for ever
forgotten-; IVoljgang of Hofflyrch, Voitfagiits, and
others, removed and put from their Offices, for not
taking tjhe Oath of Allegeance, being again received
in to Fa vour, and reltored into t heir Places: That
it might be lawful fbrvthe Towns and Cities above
Amifumja have the free Excrcife of the Reformed
Ae^lon in'their Subutbs and Hdfpjtals.
It was not long after this Pacification fo made,
but that King AfewAw^he-fcventcenthlof May, going
to lint* wit h th rcc hundred Hoi fe, was there
with eight Troops) of) Horie-mfeny ano" fifteen
Companies of Foot/, by did States fcnt..forth to
msec' him, molt honourably received, and by
three triumphal Arches-brought'tnto the Gityj
where he received of the States of the Religion,]
the Oath of their Obedience; which! wMi much
Jajn,Triumph,and Feaftingperformed,he, ihefcven
and twentieth of the lame Month .again re*
tdined to Vientui The aforelaid States of Auftria in
chef mean time •with- great zeal continuing the free
Exercifc of their Religion at Horti.p a great mul-<
tkude of People daily rcforting unto" the Sermons
there made; they of the Romifh Religion much
grieving* and fretting thereat. TheRung" himfelf
alfoBeingGometOi Vienna j>m divers &>/;;/#» Catho-
Jicksout of their OffitcSj and placed thole of the
Reformed Refigioniilt their rooms, to the gteai
diicohtcntment of many.
About this time, the BafTa of Agria, notwichftanding
the Peace, had for the -funv of twenty
thouland Crowns before hand paidvfecretly tb'rnpaQcd
with out Andrew Vrakg, to have the throng
ToWn of Fileckin the upper Hungary delivered
unto him- Which the Tray tor had intended ( as
HI cohfefied ) to have performed, by jetting
of the Houfe wherein he himfelf dwelt by
night on 'fire jr'tiuto the quenching whereof the
Garrifon Souldicrs retorting, his purpofe was in the
mean time toj^oive fcttcrly let in the Turks; and
fo to have delivered the Town into their Hands.
But this his fo wicked a! purpofe in good time d itcoveted
9 and by him confrflcd, he was therefore,
\ as he had well deferved, alive cut in four pieces 5
! a jo ft reward for his foul intended Treafon. The
Bafla of Bnd

_8f_4
I
1609
iS
Achmat, eighth Emperour of the Twr\$.
Laws of the Kingdom, and the Authority of their
lawful Prince 5 and therefore ad vifcjf them to forbear
from making any fuch Aflcmbly as was by
them appointed. Hereof arofc great troublcsjevcn
under the Emperours nofc, in Prague the chicfCity
d Bohemia, they of the Religion not dating to
truft the toman Catholicks, neither they them joeing
ftillready upon every falfe report, or yaw fiirmifc,
to go together by the ears j until that the
Empcrour, for the flaying of thefe Troubles, and
the avoiding of farther danger, was glad to caufe
it to be openly proclaimed in the new Court at
Prague, That his Imperial Majcfty, having received
and u nderflood the Apology of the States, now
did abrogate that his Edict publifbed againft them
but a few days before j and now by this his new
Edict did account all the States of the Religion for
his faithful and well beloved Subjects; and, as of
them unto whom the right of the Kingdom, and
the King's Oath belonged, as well as to all other
States ofthe Kingdom. And that he alio had thole
the fame States excufed, in that they for the good
of his Majcfty, and of the whole Kingdom, had
appointed their AiTembly in the new Court at
Prague; and that therefore he denounced them
in fo doing, not in any thing to have done any
ruing contrary unto his Majefty. And that he appointed
the five and twentieth day of May for the
general AlTcmbly of Parliament to be holdcn in
the Cattle of Prague, for the ending of (he Article
concerning Religion, and the reforming of other
the publick Grievances of the Common-weal: vet
with this provifp, That the faid States fhould farely
and quietly come unto the fa id Parliament,without
entertaining of any foreign Souldiers 5 as that his
Majefty fhould alfo, not by himfelf nor any other,
for pay entestairi any,, or fuffer any foreign Souldiprs
to come into the Kingdom. Which the
Emperours Edift being proclaimed, the States of
the Religion having made their publick Prayers,
and fun g certain Hymns and Pfalms unto the Glory
of God, for the good fuccefsof their bufinefs,
left the new Court at Prague, and returned every
man home to their own Houfes, to make them*
felves ready ro come unto the Parliament to be
hplden acxhe appointed day.
The States But the day appointed for the Parliament being ding to their defire, received anfwer from the Emperour,
by Letters from his Majefty written to
of Bahama come., and the Empcrour ftill delaying the matter,
by writing the States of the Religion,weary of fuch long dcro^eEm-
kv s » anc * * n doubt to be therewith deluded, as ha-
lb gave all Men (as he faid) to underfland, The Em-
this effect.
perour ving not received from the Emperour any fuch anthcir
pur- {Wer as whereon to reft, the third of June offered mory. That after that all the free States of his E r roars
ettersup*
and by thefe his Letters wknefled to eternal Me­
Serc^of 5 unco c^e Emperour a Qiorc writing, concerning
to the
Kingdom of Bohemia, which, in the receiving of
theirRc- 0
States of
tbeit Grief and farther purpofe, to this cn\-6t They the Lord Supper, participate the Body and Blood the Rcligi*
Hgion. had (as they faid) expected, and well hoped, of our Lord Jelus Chrift under both kinds, his on in Btoemw,for
the]
that regard being had,not only of fo many rcquefts faithful Subjc6ts,had in the AlTembly holdcn m the
of fo great and moft noble Princes, made in their
free Exer«|
Caftle at Prague in the year 1608, in all humility cifeof their
behalf; but even of the Emperour*s promife alfo, requcftcdjThat it might be lawful forthem to hold, Religion.
made onto them, both in the general AlTcmbly of and freely to Exercile their Religion, according
the States the laft year, and in the late Precept of to the Confcffion of Avgufia, (as fomecall it) ex - -
the Emperour's alfo, they fhould at length have hibited unto his Father Maximilian the Emperour
received fuch anfwer unto their Petition, concerning
(he freeExercife of their Religion, as where­
laid Skates allowed; and that he then and at that
of moft happy Memory, and by him unto the
on Chey might have fafely reded. Which, for that time, by realbn of other moft weighty bufinefc,
it had not been yet done, they referred the doing for which that Affembly was then called, and fuch
thereof unto God and future time 5 imputing the as could fufier no Procraftination or delay, had
blame thereof, not unto bis Imperial Majefty, but thought it good to deferr the allowing and ratifying
of this cheir Petition, unto this prefent Aflem-
unto, the unquiet and troublefome Natures of fome
as well the Ecclcfiaftical as Temporal Magistrates blyof Parliament; and that the fame States now
and Pcrfons. But forafmuch as they meant not again aflemhled, inceflantly renewing this theirl
longer to be deluded by (heir Enemies, and much former Petition and having thereunto joyned at
lefc\to be defrauded of his Ma jeft ies Royal Promife, fo the requeft and Interceffion of certain Noble
which was now unto the Worid known, they had Perfonages, had requeued to be therein fatisfied j
thought good to offer and prelcnt unto his Maje­
and that he with his Counfellors would confute
fty a Writing conceived in the Bohemian Tongue;
according unto which they defired to be frcured,
concerning the free Exercife of their Religions
moft humbly requeuing his Majcfty to accept of
the fame, and at length to fatisfie their requefts.
Which if it mighty not be granted, (the Emperour's
Majefty, having more refpeft unto the troubleiome
Clergy-men, and fome other his evil afc
feezed Counfellors, than to the faithful States and
Subjects of his Kingdom J that then they would
reft themfelvcs upon the Decree made in the Af»
fembly holdcn in the year 1608, and upon the laft
Edii£t of his Majefty j yet with this folcmn Ptoreflation,
That feeing they had by certain Information
-under/food much Warlike Preparation
( but efpecially in Bavaria ) to be made, and dU
Vers Confultations in many Places to be bolden
againft the Sates of the Religion; (his Imperial
Majefty, and the other his faithful Counfellors,
thereof not knowing ) which might tend unto die
Ruinc and Deftruction both of his Majefty and of
the whole Kingdom \ they thcmfelves would take
upon them the defence thereof,and do their endeavour,
that, rurnifhed with Men and Arms, they
might to the uttermoft of their power defend faun
their Sovereign, together with themfelvcs; and
the whole Kingdom, againft the Force and Invafion
of their foreign enemies*
I
In the mean time, while thefe things were thus
in doing, an Ambafiador came from rhe Duke of
Saxony to Prague, to inireat the Emperour for the
States, and for the granting of them the freeExercife
of their Religion; the Ambafiadors of the
States of Silefia forthwith following of them alfo $
who, in like manner requeuing alfo ofthe Emperour,
ro have the liberty for the free Exercife of
their Religion by him confirmed unto them 1
promifed their moft ready help and aid unto the
States of Bohemia, if need fhould fo require. But
the States of Bohemia, having from day to day in
vain expected anfwer fromthe Emperour, turning
themjelyes> unto (heir former Refiblution for the
defence of themfelvcs and of their Religion j forthwith
raifed a great number both of Horfe and Foot,
whom,with their well-known Captains and Commanders,
they brought even unto the City of
Prague. Howbeit, at length, viz. the eleventh of
July, the Saxon Ambafiador earncftly folliciting
their Caufe, and urging their requeft, they Recor­
how Proyifion might be made for his Subjects
in the Kingdom of Bohemia, as well Coromucating
under both kinds, as under one j now
at
1600
AmbalTadors
from
the Duke
of Saxony
in the behalf
of the]
States.
The States
ofBobmi*
raife their
Forces.

Achmat, eighth Emferow of the 7Vr%.
1609 at length Co have efle&ed the fame. Where
s^V^ fare feeing that his Will and Dcfire was, that both
In thefe and future times. Peace and Qmctncfs
might for the increafing of the Kingdom be preferred
and kept amongft his Subjects of all the
three Eftates of the Kingdom of Bohemia, communicating
as well under the one, as under both
kinds; that both parties might freely, and without
any impediment or let, have the free Exercile of
their Religion, whereby they were both in hope
to obtain everlafting Salvation* And to the intent
that Accomplifhment and Satisfaction might in
all points be made, as well according unto the
breaking up of the Aflcmbly of Parliament in
the year 1608. as to the performance of his own
Precept, of late publifhed, ( whereby he bath acknowledged,
and even yet acknowledged), thole
lame Eftates communicating under both kinds,
and fubferibing to this Confcilion, for his faithful
and loyal Subjects, unto whom the Rights and
Immunities of the Kingdom of Bohemia belonged)
He by the common content of the Councilors,
and other Magiftratcs of the Kingdom did determine.
That his Subjects, communicating both under
one and both kinds, Should friendly and peaceably
live together., without wronging or reviling
of one another $ and that upon the Pain and Pe
nalty in the Law fet down, to be inflicted upon
them that fhould otherwife do. And moreover,
feeing that they which communicated but under
one kind, enjoyed the free Exercife of their Religion
in all points throughout the Kingdom of
Bohemia, that he gave leave, and commanded,
that they alfo which communicated under both
kinds, viz. all the States of the Religion, with all
fuch as embraced the Confeffion of Bohemia, fometime
exhibited to Maximilian the Emperour, his
Father, in the Parliament holden in the year 1575,
and now again to himfclf prefented, fhould every
where, and in all places of the Kingdom, have
the free Exercile of their Religion, without the
let or interruption of any ; to retain the fame, un
til a general Union of Religion, and an ending of
all DilTcntion and Controverfies might be made.
Moreover, That He did grant unto the States
of the Religion this Favour, That they fhould
have the lower Confiftory at Prague, with Power
to conform the fame according to their own Confeffion.
That they might lawfully make their
Priefls, as well in the Bohemian as German Tongue,
and fet them over their Churches, without any let
of the Arch-bifhop of Prague. That he did alfo
reflore unto them the Univerfity of Prague, which
for many years ago belonged unto the States of
the Religion under both kinds; giving them Power
again to open the fame, to futnifh it with grave
and learned Men of their own Confellion,to beaucifie
it with good Laws, and to appoint certain of
their own Company and Profcffion for Governors
and Defenders as well of the Confiftory as
of the Univerfity ; whom, fo by the States appointed
and chofen, he without any flay or delay,
or other infraction or information than they
fliould from the States receive,.would confirm in
mat their Office, and pronounce them for the
/awful Defenders; yet fo, as that if he, being letted
by other greater bufinefs, cannot perform the
fame within the fpace of fourteen days, they fhall
neverthelefs continue Defenders, and as well
enjoy the charge of the Office committed unto
them, as if they had been therein by him
confirmedj and that one or other of their number
being dead s< it fhall be lawful for the States
to chufe others in their Places. And if that,
befide the Churches which they now hold, they
would build other more, or erect more Schools
for the iaftructing of the Youth, it fhall be law-
\M for them freely, and without any Xef fo to do,
as well in the Cities as in the Country Towns
and Villages. And forafmucb as in fome of the
Cities of the Kingdom of Bohemia, Men of both
Religions dwelt together, he therefore did will
and command, That for the preservation of Peace
and Qyietnels, either part freely cxercifing their
Religion, and obeying their Priefls, fhould by no
means either hurt or trouble them on the other
part; and much Icfs to hinder them to bury their
dead in their Churches or Church-yards, with
the ringing or tolling of the Bells, or go about to
turn any Man from his Religion, of wliat ftatc
or conditionfoevcr he be, whether he dwell in
the City, or in the Country Town or Village 5 or
by force to draw them to their Opinion, or to
rake their parr. For tfiaijJie.Qnly refpe&ed, cbac
Peace and Quieme&'might be kept, and that mutual
Love might (till grow amongft all me throe
States: Unto whictrend and purpolb thatj-He for
bimfelfand his Heirs, and the Kings of Bohemia
his Succeflbrs, in the faith and Word of a King,
did grant and promife unto the States of the Religion,
unto whom this common Peace of Religion
C as tlicv call it) belongctb, as to a principal
member of the Empire, all thefe things to be for
ever inviolably kept (the Ecclefiaftical and Temporal
Perfons wbofbever in vain refilling) fb that
no contrary Precept or Edict, fhould either by
himfelf, or any other his Heirs or Succeffors be
publifhed agamft the States of the Religion; or
being publifhed by any, fhould be accounted effectual
and ftrong} especially, feeing chat he by
thele his Letters, pronounceth all the Edicts hitherto
publifhed againft thefe the Spates of the Religion,
to be void, frufhrate, and of none effect. Neither'would
that any thing of thofa which were
done by the Stares of the Religion, whilft they
fought for rhe Confirmation of this Article concerning
Religion, fhould for ever belayd to their
charge, or by any man by way of reproach objected
unto them. And that therefore he ftraight-
\y charged and commanded all Magiftraces, and
fuch as oare rule in Bohemia, to the utteonoft of
their Power to protect: and defend all the three
States, together with them of the Religion ; and
neither themfelvcs to trouble them, nor fuffer them
to be by any others for the Exercife of their Religion
moleftcd or troubled: For that he and other
the Kings of Bohemia, his Succeffors, would moft
feverely chaftife all fuch as fhould offend againft
thefe his Ma jellies Letters ( which, to be for ever
remembred, he would caufe the fame to be enrolled
in the publick Records of Parliament )
whether fuch Offenders were Ecclcfiaflical or
Temporal Men, to be fbarply punifhed as the
Troublers of the Common Pcacer -
This was the fum of his MajefticsLetters,whtch
he caufed to be publickly fet up in the Caftle of
Prague the thirteenth of jjto^, that it might be to
all men known, this Article of Religion, which
was the firft of the Articles in this Parliament propounded,
to be concluded and agreed upon according
to the Mind of the States or the Religion,
and fo their Rcquefts to be in all points fatished-
Who forthwith thereupon, the fifteenth day of
July, caufed the firft publick Sermon according to
the Conf (lion of Augufia, to be preached in the
German Tongue in a Church of them of the Religion,
which had for a long time before been
fhnt up. At which time, they alfo fent nnto the
Elector of Saxony, to fend unto them certain
learned men, .for the fetting up of the Univerfity,
and the governing of the Confiftory at Prague.
And yet for all this, the Ambafladors for rhe
States of Silefia, Hill earncftly labouring with the .
Emperour for the Liberty of Religion to be
granted
895

8 9 6 Achmat, eighth Emferow oftheTtitty.
granted to the foldStates'aod.the reft of the In-
/ habitants of the Province j the States of Vshlmik
refuted in any wife to difmifs their Sould/crs tyhpm
they had mufiered near unto Roggenfoit^ Until the
Sihfianf were oif their requcft in that pojnr fatisfied
; o^ttjiig alfiitintd.the fimperbur a large Libel
of tjie Gntl^of-thertflihc faid_ States-
Nowif rtiaV'bi: that fonie leaving read fo much
as is bc1&ie' t wrfttcn concerning thefe late Troubles
about the free Exercifcof tfip Refoimcd Religion,
bnt cfpccially in Bobeittta^'AkWia^Mara^ia^ and
Silefu i may deem the fame 1 Both tech'ons And he-
•fide our parpofej unto wIjBiti indeed it fs'fibt
'written^{ixutTatht? unto racn^as who, together
with my fell tfjt|ie Wars betwixt the 1 Chriffians and
the TurjS cnoedland the Peace concluded as is
aforefatd) defire Vet to know' In "what ftate cfioje
frontier Cddotfies nand jVfiith being the'j^efeft
Bulwarks on that fide of "thxifrendomj .and the
chief Terr'itorics : 6f; thq'^ToviTe 0f Aufiria^sM (the
"peace beihgTcitbecexp^ed, ot'otherwife broken
ofrjipo/t fu'b^ft'tirrtd'the fuVy of the pufffant
Enerrtyj/a^rrarefl'lii^HiMl^d fo like fooneft
to feel'of fiS^afBsrc^rjd'Powcr, prefixing unto
it Jeff Setae? l^un^urj^niediure, fo long as
there H' awyv'thing 1 faWijrr 7 ." Againft whom the
Chriflfijrr Empcrour Had "do other Forces of his
own to oppbfe, more than''"fuch as he codhrftrtfe
out of the Relirjuesof Hungary, and the aforefaid
Frontier^Oufitries. All' 1 together but wealc helps
againft fo pniffanr an Enemy, as never cOmeth
into therficra but with a world of Men fbT,lofyTng
of bui^DUtyct much weaker, being C.^TJOW of|
late they were-} tpjery one of them apart divided
in themfdjves about matters of Religion, thIP incurable
malady'of the Chriftian Eftatesand Gonamon-wcaftk
the nfeavy and Umcntabft effec^ficreof
too muph«t,and
faluted, and wthgrejftT>rrti preferred the-King, firm
fet forward toward t.ragire., where bewasfcy the 'h* 0 "*
Citizens and;certain. Nohlemcn of the Empcrours **"**•
Council the"twelfth of Othber honourably received
5 and the nineteenth of the fame Month admitted
unto the EmperoimPrcfencet'mllprefefited
unto him from the Great Sultan his Matter,':*
rich TcJnt of divers colon rs,moft cur ion fly wrought
with fair Orient Pearl of great value ; and then
four couragious Horfcs, all fumilhcd with raoft
rich and fiimpruous ftrniturc. 1 Me preferred unto
him; alfo certain Turkifh Weapons' fcr arid garniflied
with pretious Stones, antfa Princ^jVTurks
robe, ftich as they ufe at their Marriages^gliflering
with Gold and precious'Sipnes, with mwnTdther
rare.thinks of left valued 'together with Which he
delivered unto him the Great Sultans Letters, and
withal defired the Confirmation of the Peace before
made for twenty years, to be now agafr.tenewfti-
Unto which Ambailadour Lefter^were
.afterward delivered from the Emperour, to^t'h.fer
with certain other rich Prefentsto be by- hlm ( pre»
fenred unto the great Sultan : viz. cei^tn«Ga1f6eh'es
lined within wlfb Damasle, and covered Without
witfVblack Velvet; fix fair and gallantHbffes moft
rich'l'y fbrhifhed -, a Clock of wondethil : Worleman'-
Jhip^two fair Desks td^wiffe 'tfpbti 6f Ebony j
with divers other like Prefenrs of no'foiaUipridCi
Who'fo charged with Preftnts, and bountifully
rewarded, and to his good liking anfwefed, was
after ward, in the beginning of Jamat\\ With-a train
of two hundred Horfc from Ptagfie honourably
difmutcd.
HERE

Achmat, eighth &fflpm»6ftbe Turfy. 897
ICGNTINUATIONI
OF THIS
PRESENT HISTORY.
(Containing thofe Occurrents which have happened to the TnrU
Empire fincethe Year of our Lord, one thouland fix hundred and
nine, unto the Year, one thouiand fix hundred and feventeen, &c.)
I
By EDWARD GRIMSTON, Serjeant at Arms.
EidioZr^^j r**^ H E "turkjfa Emperour, having been
I^B" freed fome years from the care of Wars
m Hungary, in regard chat he had con-
^______J : e-li a Truce for twenty years with
the Emperour Rodn/phus, he now bent all his
Forces againfl his Rebels in Afia 9 and the Sophie
of Perfia, where he bad no good Succefs this year.
p»—- The Per- For the Perfians, having, formerly extended their
MtD*e ter Monarchy &r into the Turkifh Empire, and de-
| Province feated Cicala Bajfa, and others in divers Battels ;|
of Bab/bn. now they entered into the Province of Babylon]
with a defign to joyn it to Perfia. nat 3 to flay
the courfe of their Profperity, fends a mighty Army
thither, under the command of Najfut Bdjfa;
but his fortune was no better than thofe that went
before him. The Perfians came to meet him,
The Turks gave him battel, defeated him, and flew twenty
defeated, thouiand of his Men. Thefe mournful News coming
to Court, did much diftempcr the Sultans
Mind; he could not endure it Ihould be (aid, that
te
• jtf\. the Perfiin had defeated his mighty Armies thrice
a open Battel; and much lefs that it (hould be
fo, and that he Ihould -fcife upon his Gauntries:
The Turk wherefore, to repaire this lofs, he levies new Forces
makes to be commanded by Gambolat Bnjfa of Aleppo,
Gmbolat wno had been the moft powerful Rebel in htJ
LSUTTO^ an^ was newly reconciled and brought into ravour
with the Grand Seignior. This man came
his Army.
to the Port to receive the Sultans Commandments,
and to pafs his Army into Afia\ but, whether having
fome fufpifion that be had intelligence with
the Perftansj or that iuch as envied his Great nefs,
had given fome bad impreflion of his Loyalty to
He commands
the Sultan; within fome few days after his arrival,
•"P tobe
Achmat canfe-d him to be flain by his Capigi.
Whereby we may well obferve, that he that is a
Rebel co his Prince, which hath fo violently opprcft
hi& Subjects, and fet his Countries on fire
by Sedition, the which he hath been forced to
quench with the blood of Innocents, cannot but
end his days violently and miferably, feeing that
the Emperour being at Prague^ to perfwade him x6*io
to break the Peace with the Turk, and to joyn y w .
with him. The Ambalfadors arrived ac Prague
this year with rich and rare Prefents 5 firft, a Crofs Prefents
of Gold inrich'd with many precious ftortes; a- J"" 10
M God revengeth the Blood of Innocents upon the
H
guilty. • *>**'
dors returned, carrying home nothing but good
The Perpanjceing what advantage he had got- Words.
Ambada- ten of the Turk, laboured by the bruit of his Since the Troubles which hapned in Bohemia Tfje p^
dors come Victories to draw the Chriftian Princes unto his made him fee of what importance it was to en- ceedings
j perjianut WW* ann " with them whollv to mine the Otbo-terraidwEm- maws the which he had b happily begun. For
Peace with the Turk; for if he had bro- pf Lecpoid
{goonr. the cflefting whereof, he fent his AmbafTadors to
mpcrGr *
mongft which there was one piece of Amber,
whereon was feen the figure of the .Virgin Mary,
holding her young Babe in her Arms; toe which
was fo artificially graven, as it might be thought
the work of Nature ; a Topas of exceeding greatnefs,
given to the King of Perfia by an Indian:
King j two Knives of Damask, with hafts of Jafper,
and their (heaths covered with Diamonds; a
certain kind of Indian Wood of moft excellent
vcrtuc, molf fovcreign to cure the pains of the
Brcaft, and to purge the Stomach ; (he gall of a
Pellican, excellent to cure the Pleurifie, Apoplexy,
and Fever; two Topazes, the one white, and the
other violetjtbis laft was (o big>as it was capable to
make a Cup ; an Aroathift as big as a Hens Egg;
a Perfian Bow inlaid with the Veins of a Camrod,
and a rough Diamond exceeding great; a
white (tone of the colour of Water, which was a
preservative agatnirthe Plague, being bung about
ones neck ; three Oriental Pearls exceeding bigj
three rich Efeafbundes. and three marvellous fair
Diamonds; and with all this a Serpents Horn,much
elleemcd for the rare Vcrtucs. All thefe Prefents
were very well accepted, and the Ambafladors .
much honoured. But what appearance was there n- .-.
for the Emperour, who had fo great Differences WJH n^ir *
with bis Brother Matthias, King of Hungary, who fuffcrhira
few the greateft part of his Subjects rebelled againft m . joyn
him, Iris Provinces in divifion, Tranfilvania in *[ lt^lhe
Combuftion by the Confpiracy which had been
discovered againft Battory, and finally a general
Diforder over all, to break the peace with the
Tuik, ( who was at his Door, retained only with
this Bar > and to allie himfelf with the Per pan fo
far from his Countries, from whom he could
draw no Succours, but only that he might keep
the Othomaris bufie in Afid? Thus the Ambafla-
ken it by the Perfunj PerfWafion, he had given >•>.&**•
his Enemy an allured means to ruine him 5 for * BM "
the

898 Achmat, eighth Emperow of the Turfy.
\6\0 the Arch-duke Leopold cntred into Bohemia with At Malta the bruit was, That the Turks At- idio
•-V>»/ an Army of nine rhouland Foot, and three thoufand
Horfcj hefurprifcd petty Frame; attempted btfiege the lue of Goxa, whereas a Knight called
my confifiing of fburfcore Gallics, fhould go and ^*V* J
the old Town, and feeking to force ft, he flew Saint-Liger commanded. Whereupon, the Great
many which made refinance. MatthiM King of Matter had rcfolved to foitlfie the Cafile of the
Hungary advertifed of this Diforder, parts from Ifiand, with a good Couutcifcarfe, which he
Austria, with a powerful Army, and advanccth caufed to be made, fending thither two hundred
fpecdily towards Bohemia. It was to be (eared, Souldiers, and thirty Knights for fupply, all brave
that if Matthids Army and Leopold's had met near • Souldiers, who might have made a great refinance,
uutb Prague, it had been the loft and overthrow [ if the Turks had attempted it I but the Enemies
of the one, and the deflation and mine of the Fleet palled on, and gave them time to left.
Country- The Empcrour forefcejng this Danger, But this Year 1610, Vigriancourt,thc Great Macaufed
300000 Florens to be delivered to Romeo, I ftcr oi Malta, fent the five Gallics of the Order
Caufcs of
die Troi£
blcs of Bo
hernia.
The Gallions
oi
Malta defeated
by
the Turks.
The Gallion
of the
Order lets
upon the
Turks Ca-
Tim an.
^Leopold's Lieutenant, for the payment of his Army,
and fo fent him out of Bohemia. This divifion
betwixt the princes of the Houfe of Aufirla, grew
by the Pra&rccs of forrie of the Empcrours Counfel,
who being delegated Judges to compound the
Differences of the Bthemians of divers Religions,
inftead of labouring to reconcile and unite thofe
People, for the good of the publick, they made
therafclves Partifans to the one, to opprefs the
other; and thereby they drew the Princes into a
dangerous divifion, for the fupport of Parties-
And moreover, the Arch-dukes Ferdinand and
Leopold, pra&ifed to deprive MatthiMyKing ot Hungary,
of the Sueceffion which he pretended of Bohemia
-,left that being Matter, he fhould take revenge
upon their Partifans for the Troubles wherewith
they had formerly affli&ed the Country.
Such was the Eftate of Affairs in Germany, giving
the Turk a fair Opportunity, if he could have
embraced fo rich an occafion, to make his Profit
of their Combuftions. But the Confirmation of
the Truce, and the Affairs of his Houfe, kept him
in Thrace.
Let us fee how the Turk fpceds at Sea; where
he hath the Knights of Malta, the Sicilians, and
Neapolitans, and the Florentines, vigilant and vav
liant Enemies,to annoy hint, and crofs his Defigns.
The laft year, which was 1609, the Chriflians
had no good Succefs, lofs fell particularly upon
the Knights of Malta-, for he that fights often, can
hardly vanquifh always. The Gall ion of the Order,
commanded by Chivalier Guidon, an Italian,
had made two Voyages to Sea very fortunately,
and brought to Malt a three hundred Turkifh flaves.
The incouragement of this good Succefs engaged
many Knights to divers Entcrprifes. They armed
certain Gallions, and made a Fleet of ten good
Ships of War 3 as unfortunate in their Courfes as
the Gallion ot the Order had been before fuccefsful;
for, meeting with the Turks Fleet in the Seas
of Cyprus, they were fee upon, and mod of them
fiain or made Oaves. The Knight Freffinet was
(lain, and the Red Gallion,wherein he commanded,
taken by the Turks; but it was after a whole
day Fight. Ambujbn, otherwifc called F~ueillade,
another Knight, was made a Slave, and his Gallion
taken; theKn ight Ouges rah the fame fortune,
with the loi's of a Gallion. Freffinet having brought
a Pinnace with him to attend his Ship, after fome
fight near unto the Gallion, it efcaped by night.
In this Voyage, unfortunate for them of Malta, '
the Gallion of the Order would needs leek fome
better adventure; the Kn ights of Baibu and Rhodes
did accompany him either of them with a fmalf
Gallion. He fee upon the Caravan of the Turks
Fleet, near the Ifiand of Rhodet, his fuccefsful beginning
of this Combat made him hope for Victory,
and the number of the Enemies Veflcls for a
rich Booty; for there were among the reft two
great Gallions of the Sultans> thefe are Ships which
belong to the great Seignior's Women, loaden
commonly with great Riches j but twenty Gallics
Of Rhodes feeing this fight, came out of their Port
rofuccourthem,and by the favour of a fair Wind,
drew them into fafety.
1 into Barbara towards the Port Farino, memora-
| ble, for that it was the Haven where Saint Levis
I the French King ended the Navigation of his
I days,. and at his return from Hierufalem and Pa-
! lejlina, went to receive in Heaven the glorious
palms of his holy Aft ions. The Gallics oiBiferta The Galhad
been accuftorned to fetch Palms there in that liesof4ft«fe
feafbn C which was in the Spring time,) whom J* 6°*?
the Gallics of Malta bad a defign to furprife. But [gjj
the contrary Winds, and. the rempeftuous Seas Biffrta,
overthrew that Entcrprife; yet their Voyage was
not altogether unprofitable; for returning toward
Malta, being within the Channel which divides
the Ifiand from that of Sicily, they encountered
with a great Gallion oi Tunes, armed by a Turk
called Caroufinan, being in view of the Gallics of
Malta: The Rai/e ( who commanded ) allured
his Company, and ( foiling ) promifed to free
them from their Enemies. Being fo tranfporred
with Vanity, as he (pake confidently, that be
would not tear twenty of the Gallies of Malta*,
but this bis pride was foon abated with his mine;
for the five Gallies came clofe under him, and They fait*
plied him fo furioufly with their Cannon, as they a Gallion
funk him. The Gaily Wherein VerddL, an It*. «»•*
Han Knight, commanded, bad like to have been
loft^ for being gra pled with the Gallion,] if the
diligence of Verdelli had not fpcedily retired it.
The Turks, after the lofs of their Veflcl, began to
fwiro away, but they were all made Slaves to
ferve in the Gallics of Malta, who this year had
no other Fruits of their generous Enterprises*
The Gallies of Cefmo deMedicU, Great Duke of The Cour-
Tusbany, parted from Ligorn, under the Conduct feof the*
kc of
of the Commander and Admiral Irrgbwhnp. and ^u.
running along the Coaft oiBarbary % they took a