Newsletter Fall 2011 - Vatican Observatory
Newsletter Fall 2011 - Vatican Observatory
Newsletter Fall 2011 - Vatican Observatory
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<strong>Fall</strong> <strong>2011</strong><br />
vatican observatory<br />
NEWSLETTER<br />
embracing, encouraging and promoting scientific study<br />
A Heartfelt Goodbye to Fr. Coyne and a Warm Welcome to Fr. DiUlio<br />
On January 1, 2012 Father Albert J. DiUlio, S.J., will become the next President of the <strong>Vatican</strong><br />
<strong>Observatory</strong> Foundation. Father George V. Coyne, S.J., will be leaving the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong><br />
after 45 years, including 25 as President of the Foundation.<br />
Hailing from the Wisconsin Province of Jesuits, the President-Elect comes with impressive credentials<br />
that will serve the foundation well! Fr. DiUlio entered the Society of Jesus in 1964 and was<br />
ordained in 1974. He holds a Masters in Finance and a Ph.D. in Education and Policy Analysis,<br />
both from Stanford University. He served as President of Marquette University in Milwaukee and<br />
Xavier University in Cincinnati. While serving on numerous boards and receiving many honors,<br />
Fr. DiUlio also led the development of the East African Catholic University of Ethiopia. His experience<br />
includes these positions and others in the Midwest, several in California and most recently<br />
as the Secretary for Finance and Higher Education at the USA Jesuit Conference in Washington,<br />
D.C.<br />
Whether you call him “Father Coyne”, “George”, “Padre Giorgio” or “Capo”, for most of you reading this newsletter George Coyne, S.J., needs no introduction,<br />
but he does deserve a few words. From Baltimore, Maryland he entered the Society of Jesus at the age of 18. He then obtained a bachelor's degree in<br />
mathematics and his licentiate in philosophy at Fordham University in 1958. He followed this by earning his licentiate in sacred theology at Woodstock College<br />
and doctorate in astronomy from Georgetown University.<br />
In 1965 he was ordained, and began what would become a long-lasting and important collaboration with the University of Arizona. Fr. Coyne joined the <strong>Vatican</strong><br />
<strong>Observatory</strong> as an astronomer in 1969 and was appointed Director by Pope John Paul I in 1978. As Director he was a driving force in several new educational<br />
and research initiatives, including the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> Summer Schools and the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> Research Group in Tucson, Arizona. He retired as<br />
Director in August 2006 but remained President of the Foundation. Fr. Coyne has embodied the scientific and educational mission of the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong><br />
Foundation since its inception in 1986, working with colleagues and benefactors to build the <strong>Vatican</strong> Advanced Technology Telescope and ensure the Church’s<br />
presence in scientific research of the universe.<br />
After almost five decades at “La Specola” in Castel Gandolfo and in Tucson, Padre Giorgio is moving to a much colder climate at LeMoyne College in Syracuse,<br />
New York. Surely his work teaching astronomy and developing a lecture series regarding the science and religion dialogue will help keep him warm! Father<br />
Coyne, we wish you well. You will be missed.<br />
We also wish Father DiUlio a very warm welcome to Tucson (no pun intended) and a rewarding and enjoyable future with the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> Foundation!<br />
Should you wish to offer your own words of farewell to Fr. Coyne and welcome to Fr. DiUlio, please send an email or note to the attention of Katie Steinke,<br />
in preparation for the official transition at the Annual Meeting in February 2012. katie@vaticanobservatory.org; 2017 E. Lee Street, Tucson, AZ 85719<br />
Founded in 1891, the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> demonstrates the Church’s desire to embrace, encourage and promote scientific study,<br />
on the basis of her conviction that ‘faith and reason are like two wings on which the human spirit rises to the contemplation of<br />
truth’ (Fides et Ratio, Proemium). For more information, email (info@vaticanobservatory.org or) or call (+1 (520) 795-1694).<br />
Father José Funes, S.J.<br />
Director, <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong><br />
Father George Coyne, S.J.<br />
President, <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> Foundation
vatican observatory<br />
Benefactors Susan and Steve Reischl from California<br />
join guides (center) Fr. Paul Mueller, S.J., and Bro. Guy<br />
Consolmagno, S.J.<br />
VATICAN<br />
Order Your 2012 Calendar Today!<br />
Strikingly beautiful images permeate the 2012 edition of<br />
the Official Calendar of the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong>! “Life of<br />
a Star” is this year’s theme, with calendar images capturing<br />
stars in different stages. As Bro. Guy Consolmagno,<br />
S.J. writes, “Clouds of gas and dust, like the Eagle Nebula,<br />
are where stars are formed. Clusters of young stars, like the<br />
Pleiades, are still draped with the last wisps of those clouds.”<br />
Calendars are $25 each and include an annual membership<br />
in the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> Guild. For orders of four<br />
or more, a discounted rate of $20 per calendar is available.<br />
Proceeds support the ongoing work of the <strong>Observatory</strong>.<br />
Purchase online at www.vofoundation.org or mail a check<br />
with your order today, payable to <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong><br />
Foundation. Please indicate “calendar” in the memo line.<br />
VOFFICIAL CALENDAR OF THE<br />
OBSERVATORY<br />
Welcoming Visitors<br />
Brother Guy Consolmagno,<br />
S.J., and Fr. Paul Mueller,<br />
S.J. took time out of their<br />
busy schedules to show visiting<br />
benefactors around the<br />
<strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> headquarters<br />
in Castel Gandolfo<br />
outside Rome.<br />
June: Anthony Ayiomamitis, ISS Transit of the Sun - Greece.<br />
Here we see a transit of the International Space Station across the face of the Sun.<br />
JUNE GIUGNO JUNIO JUIN JUNI<br />
May<br />
July<br />
S M T W T F S<br />
1 2 3 4 5<br />
6 7 8 9 10 11 12<br />
13 14 15 16 17 18 19<br />
20 21 22 23 24 25 26<br />
27 28 29 30 31<br />
S M T W T F S<br />
1 2 3 4 5 6 7<br />
8 9 10 11 12 13 14<br />
15 16 17 18 19 20 21<br />
22 23 24 25 26 27 28<br />
29 30 31<br />
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday<br />
1 2<br />
8 9<br />
Feast of St. Boniface,<br />
Patron of Germany.<br />
Fr. Francesco Denza, first<br />
Hale <strong>Observatory</strong> on Mt.<br />
Transit of Venus across<br />
director of the <strong>Vatican</strong><br />
Palomar, CA opens 1948.<br />
the Sun<br />
<strong>Observatory</strong>, born 1834<br />
Sally Ride, first American<br />
woman in space aboard<br />
Summer solstice<br />
Father’s Day<br />
Cha lenger, 1983<br />
(23:09 UT)<br />
Feast of St. John the Baptist,<br />
traditional start of<br />
Fr. Angelo Secchi SJ,<br />
the monsoons in Southern<br />
Father of Astrophysics,<br />
Arizona<br />
born 1818<br />
10 11 12 13 14 15 16<br />
17 18 19 20 21 22 23<br />
24 25 26 27 28 29 30<br />
2<br />
0<br />
1<br />
2<br />
Valentina Tereshkova, first<br />
woman in space aboard<br />
Russia’s Vosok 6, 1962<br />
Largest recorded meteor<br />
strikes Siberia, 1908<br />
2012<br />
<strong>Fall</strong> <strong>2011</strong> 2
California Province Installs 21st Leader<br />
On July 31, the Feast of St. Ignatius, Fr. Michael Weiler, S.J.,<br />
began his tenure as Provincial of the California Province of<br />
the Society of Jesus. Jesuits, friends, and colleagues gathered<br />
on a beautiful Sunday morning for Mass and celebration in the<br />
courtyard of the Sacred Heart Jesuit Center in Los Gatos.<br />
The Jesuits of the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> come from many different<br />
provinces and, strictly speaking, belong to a community<br />
of the Roman Inter-provincial Delegation. However, the house<br />
in Tucson falls within the confines of the California Province<br />
and welcomes interaction with the province whenever possible.<br />
Reaching for the Heavens<br />
OBSERVATORY NEWS<br />
cOnsOLmagnO: Tur<br />
Written for beginners, this superb book is a complete<br />
guide to the night sky. Over 500 beautiful illustrations<br />
and friendly large-format diagrams show objects<br />
exactly as they appear in a telescope, allowing<br />
stargazers of all ages and backgrounds to find a host<br />
of celestial objects for themselves.<br />
• Over 100 000 copies sold<br />
•<br />
Special<br />
Thanks<br />
Now with double the number of night sky<br />
objects to observe<br />
• Designed for Dobsonian telescopes, as well<br />
•<br />
• Spiral bound making it even easier to use outdoors<br />
• Includes an accompanying website with reverse<br />
as for smaller reflectors and refractors<br />
Covers both Northern and Southern hemispheres<br />
telescope views, visual links to the book, and much<br />
more (www.cambridge.org/turnleft)<br />
Guy Consolmagno is a Jesuit Brother at the Specola<br />
<strong>Vatican</strong>a (<strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong>) dividing his time<br />
between Tucson, Arizona and Castel Gandolfo,<br />
Italy. He studies the origin and evolution of moons<br />
and asteroids in our solar system, and uses a 3.5”<br />
catadioptric and an 8” Dobsonian.<br />
Dan M. Davis is a Professor of Geophysics in the<br />
Department of Geosciences at Stony Brook University,<br />
New York. He researches the formation of mountain<br />
belts on Earth. His observations for this book were<br />
made with a 2.4” refractor and with 8” and 10”<br />
Dobsonians.<br />
“This is quite possibly the most inviting guidebook<br />
ever written to help people with binoculars and small<br />
telescopes find, view, understand, and, most of all,<br />
enjoy everything in the night sky from the Moon and<br />
planets to distant star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies.<br />
And if you think it’s only for beginners, think again –<br />
every telescope owner should have a copy.”<br />
DENNIS DI CICCO, Senior Editor, Sky & Telescope<br />
“Turn Left at Orion is an essential guide for both<br />
beginners and more experienced amateur<br />
astronomers who will find much inside to reinvigorate<br />
their passion for the stars. The diagrams are simple,<br />
clear and functional, and the text eloquently captures<br />
the excitement of observing. Stargazing has never<br />
been made so easy and if you buy just one book on<br />
observational astronomy, make sure it’s this one.”<br />
KEITH COOPER, Editor, Astronomy Now<br />
We extend our gratitude<br />
to David A. Harvey—<br />
a professional photographer<br />
based in Tucson,<br />
Arizona—for donating<br />
his time and talent to take<br />
photos at the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong><br />
Foundation’s annual<br />
meeting, published in<br />
the last newsletter.<br />
“Since it first appeared in 1989, Turn Left at Orion has<br />
been an indispensable guidebook for the amateur<br />
astronomer possessing nothing more than a small<br />
backyard telescope. In this Fourth Edition, Guy<br />
Consolmagno and Dan Davis have revised, updated,<br />
and expanded its scope. This is not only an essential<br />
handbook for the novice, it’s a useful reference for the<br />
seasoned backyard astronomer. Simply put, whatever<br />
your level of experience, you must have this book!”<br />
GLENN CHAPLE, Contributing Editor, Astronomy<br />
Mr. Harvey is also an engineer<br />
with the University<br />
of Arizona Steward <strong>Observatory</strong><br />
and, as such, programs<br />
the control system<br />
for the VATT.<br />
Consolmagno and Davis Turn LefT aT OriOn Fourth Edition<br />
Bro. Guy Consolmagno Publishes Updated "Turn Left at Orion" Book!<br />
Turn<br />
LefT aT<br />
OriOn<br />
Hundreds Of nigHT sky ObjecTs<br />
TO see in a HOme TeLescOpe<br />
– and HOw TO find THem<br />
Guy Consolmagno and Dan M. Davis<br />
"It’s funny how the people who think there’s a contradiction between<br />
science and religion generally really don’t know what science<br />
is or they don’t know what religion is. Or both. Now within the<br />
universe there are laws; there are effects, energy and matter and<br />
we can study how energy and matter interact. But there are truths,<br />
about life; about the universe that science will never approach:<br />
the truths of love, the truths of beauty. We can describe but we<br />
can never explain why beauty exists or why love exists, and yet<br />
life without love and beauty is clearly incomplete. So I think you<br />
need this wide range of understanding: this wide range of saying,<br />
‘My religion tells me that God made the universe, but my science<br />
can tell me how it is done.’"<br />
—Bro. Guy Consolmagno, S.J. via desertmanian<br />
To read media coverage or watch video clips featuring <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> astronomers,<br />
visit www.vofoundation.org. Bro. Guy Consolmagno’s book Turn Left at Orion has been<br />
revised, updated and expanded for its new publication, and is receiving much praise! To purchase<br />
a copy of what "Sky and Telescope" calls ‘quite possibly the most inviting guidebook<br />
ever written to help people with binoculars and small telescopes find, view, understand, and,<br />
most of all, enjoy everything in the night sky’, visit www.vofoundation.org.<br />
3 <strong>Fall</strong> <strong>2011</strong>
vatican observatory<br />
A Particle Man Finds Peace<br />
by Fr. Paul Gabor, S.J.<br />
When I arrived in Tucson on January 5, <strong>2011</strong>, I was 41 years old—and about to<br />
start the first long-term job in my life. I felt that it was high time: 33 years of<br />
attending school was finally over. This was all the more true because I came to<br />
Tucson not only as a priest with a Ph.D. in astrophysics, but also as a full-fledged<br />
Jesuit having pronounced my solemn vows in Rome into the hands of Fr. General<br />
Adolfo Nicolás on December 8, 2010. I finally had all the paperwork to prove I<br />
was an "adult," no longer a trainee.<br />
When I took a few quiet days to prepare for my vows, I realized that I did not<br />
need to make any decisions about my vocation to the Society of Jesus. I have been<br />
quite secure in my vocation since I joined in 1995. You see, I was born in 1969 in<br />
Košice, Czechoslovakia, where I received a good secondary education. By the time<br />
I was 17, I knew I should become a priest but decided to give it more time. Since<br />
this was in 1987, I used the abnormal situation of the Church in Czechoslovakia as an excuse. So I went to study particle<br />
physics instead.<br />
My time at Charles University Prague was a wonderful experience not only because the Communist regime collapsed during<br />
my second year but also because I was truly blessed with marvelous teachers and supervisors. They sent me to CERN,<br />
the European Laboratory for Particle Physics in Geneva, Switzerland, and then to Grenoble, France. I participated in the<br />
development of the ATLAS detector for the Large Hadron Collider.<br />
Throughout my seven years of particle physics, I felt growing unease. By 1995 it was so bad that everywhere I turned, I<br />
perceived signs urging me to stop procrastinating and join the Jesuits. I felt "haunted" by God. At the same time, I just<br />
knew religious life would be perfectly awful! When the haunting became worse than even my nightmarish visions of<br />
religious life, I gave up and joined. The haunting disappeared the moment I entered the novitiate, and I felt at peace. Instead<br />
of the deep unease, my heart was at peace. All the unpleasantness was like waves on the surface that cannot perturb the calm<br />
of the deeper layers. On joining the Jesuits, I knew I found my place.<br />
"I have found that<br />
there is a genuine<br />
need among<br />
Christians, and others,<br />
with extensive training<br />
in science to integrate<br />
their life of prayer with<br />
their scientific mind."<br />
—Fr. Paul Gabor, S.J.<br />
My doctorate in astrophysics is in instrumentation. The <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong><br />
Research Group in Tucson offers many exciting opportunities to develop astronomical<br />
instruments, including nulling interferometers: one is planned for the LBT on Mt.<br />
Graham. I am also looking forward to teaching a course in the field of history and<br />
philosophy of astronomy.<br />
I have found that there is a genuine need among Christians, and others, with extensive<br />
training in science to integrate their life of prayer with their scientific mind. In fact, I<br />
was quite surprised by how many active scientists took time off their busy schedules at<br />
short notice in order to participate in a three-day program I gave just outside of Prague<br />
in November, aiming to get in touch with the joy—and wisdom perhaps—that science<br />
brings them. It took me many years of training to overcome various difficulties in this<br />
regard, and I feel I should accompany others who may be struggling along similar paths.<br />
<strong>Fall</strong> <strong>2011</strong> 4
Reaching for the Heavens<br />
Meteors, Weather and….Patience<br />
by Fr. Jean-Baptiste Kikwaya, S.J.<br />
I would describe the last five years of my life in one word: school. It was indeed a school of patience, hope and discovery. My<br />
project was on meteors. I had to observe them myself, in an effort to model their physical behaviour, particularly their bulk<br />
density, to infer the structure and composition of their parent bodies. Besides making sure that the instruments performed<br />
efficiently to guarantee good data, I had to count on good weather. Unfortunately, London, Ontario, where the University<br />
of Western Ontario is located, deserves very well its name because it is always as cloudy as London in England! When it<br />
is not raining, it is snowing. This weather situation forced me to learn patience. When going out for observing, I spent all<br />
night waiting for the sky to clear up—and it did not happen. I had to say to myself: “Tomorrow, the weather will improve. I<br />
have to keep hope.” One year, two years, three years passed—and not a single meteor recorded from London, Ontario. So I<br />
organized a campaign in 2006 in Tucson, Arizona, where I was able, in ten nights, to gather my first meteors.<br />
Retaining hope that I would indeed get data in London, Ontario, I learned to avoid becoming discouraged. Finally, it paid<br />
off. The last two summers I collected as much data as one could gather in more than five years, thanks to the automated<br />
system of gathering meteors we (Western Ontario meteor group) were able to put in place. Everytime the weather was<br />
good and the moon was at the right position, the roof would open, and the automated observation would start. This system<br />
allowed me to reach the number of meteors that was statistically significant for my project.<br />
Among a significant number of results I achieved in my work, the most important was the evidence of early radial<br />
transportation of material in the solar system. Divided roughly in two regions (a hot region with formation of rocky material<br />
and an icy region with formation of icy grains), the early solar system experienced chaos. Consequently, rocky materials<br />
transported into the cold region constituted building blocks of icy bodies like comets. This theory, which had been modeled<br />
for years, was first proved by the analysis and results of the returned samples of the Stardust mission in 2006. My work gave<br />
stronger evidence of the reality of this mixing of materials while the solar system was still at the stage of protosun.<br />
Beside this scientific discovery, I experienced the influence of human character on the way science is conducted. Sometimes,<br />
the human character is a help, but sometimes it pulls one back. What kept me going during all these years was not really<br />
my determination to accomplish the mission given to me, but knowing I was surrounded by strong support from the <strong>Vatican</strong><br />
<strong>Observatory</strong>, from the Jesuit community, from my family and friends. I learned to build the kind of character that<br />
would not take me away from this support, and I learned that with patience and hope, discovery is possible.<br />
Jean-Baptiste Kikwaya, S.J., of the Jesuit Province of Central Africa (Democratic Republic of the Congo) was assigned to the staff of the<br />
<strong>Observatory</strong> in 2003. In 2000, he completed his Diplome d’Etudes Approfondies, a requirement to begin doctoral studies in France, in<br />
astronomy at the Paris <strong>Observatory</strong> with a thesis on asteroid satellites. In 2010 he completed a doctorate in astronomy at the University<br />
of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. A link to his doctoral thesis, “Bulk Density of Small Meteoroids,” can be found on the<br />
foundation website.<br />
5 <strong>Fall</strong> <strong>2011</strong>
vatican observatory<br />
Our Padre on Horseback<br />
Eusebio Kino, S.J.: 1645 - 1711<br />
by Katie Steinke<br />
Padre Eusebio Kino, originally Chini, was born in 1645 in Austrian Italy. He was<br />
a Jesuit missionary who had hoped to be assigned to China but instead found<br />
himself in the Arizona and Mexican desert. A builder, agriculturist, cartographer,<br />
and peacemaker Father Kino founded 24 missions including beautiful Mission San<br />
Xavier del Bac outside of Tucson, introduced horses and cattle to Arizona, and<br />
proved that Baja California was not an island. The year <strong>2011</strong> commemorates the<br />
300th anniversary of Fr. Kino’s death. Among other events, liturgical ceremonies<br />
at the San Xavier del Bac and Tumacacori Missions were organized by the Kino Heritage Society. Coming to Tucson all<br />
the way from Trento, Italy, his hometown, for these ceremonies were a group of official dignitaries, the Archbishop and<br />
several members of the Chini/Kino family. A concert by the Southern Arizona Symphony Orchestra was held at the<br />
Tucson Cathedral where a Jesuit “descendent” of Padre Kino, Fr. Chris Corbally, Vice Director of the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong><br />
Research Group and Vice President of the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> Foundation participated as choral president. One of the<br />
more interesting honors bestowed upon Padre Kino was his designation as Grand Marshall of the Tucson St. Patrick’s Day<br />
Parade. In 1965, Padre Kino was honored by the State of Arizona as its heroic representative to the American people and its<br />
preeminent pioneer by the dedication of his statue in the U.S. Capitol Building. A few years ago his petition for sainthood<br />
was accepted and is under consideration by the Holy See. Padre Kino believed that evangelization begins with respect for<br />
the Native People. He had great faith; he was intelligent, charismatic and courageous and worked to better the lives of his<br />
fellow human beings. For us, it is fitting that Eusebio Kino was also an astronomer!<br />
Padre Kino, the Astronomer<br />
by Fr. Chris Corbally, S.J.<br />
Every year as Christmas approaches in Tucson watchers of the statue of<br />
Padre Kino on Kino Boulevard will be looking for the red earmuffs. These<br />
have been appearing annually on the horse’s ears as a kindly seasonal<br />
gesture against the desert night’s cold. Further, along the left side of the<br />
horse, resting on Kino’s saddlebag, you will notice a round instrument<br />
with what looks like a cross spanning its diameter. This is an astrolabe,<br />
or an earlier version of a sextant, and it was used for measuring the positions<br />
of celestial objects. Kino’s astrolabe is at the ready. On his travels<br />
he would use it to sight the Sun at noon, determining its height above<br />
the horizon. With the help of correction tables for each day of the year,<br />
he would then calculate his geographical latitude.<br />
Kino knew his astronomy well, and he put it to good use in making the<br />
best map of this area, “Passo por Tierra a la California.” Drawn in 1707,<br />
it served even for a couple of centuries. On it were placed the missions<br />
and, most significantly, it showed that California, and so Baja California,<br />
was not an island but reachable across the Colorado River. Perhaps Kino<br />
had used that very astrolabe to observe a Christmas comet which appeared<br />
in late 1680 and was visible both in Cádiz, where Kino was<br />
awaiting a ship, and Mexico, where he was bound. It was a prominent<br />
comet and caused a stir.<br />
Now, the stir was not just because the comet was a beautiful object<br />
but because, since at least Roman times, they were taken as a sign of<br />
ill-omen. Misfortune was about to happen to someone prominent. That<br />
was why Kino, when urged to write a book about this comet once he<br />
got to Mexico City, started with the wish that the comet would be to the<br />
viceroy there “the happy messenger of your good fortune.” The cover<br />
of Kino’s little book, “Exposción Astronómica de el Cometa,” showed<br />
the image of Our Lady of Guadalupe, whose protection no doubt would<br />
ensure these good wishes to his patrons.<br />
Comet-watchers are well known around Southern Arizona, thanks to<br />
those same clear desert skies which enabled Kino to record at least two<br />
others during his travels. If they too see a Christmas comet, they can<br />
count it a blessing. Just don’t forget those earmuffs against the cold.<br />
<strong>Fall</strong> <strong>2011</strong> 6
Reaching for the Heavens<br />
on the edge<br />
of the universe<br />
gravitational lensing & discovery of a galaxy<br />
Interview with Dr. Eiichi Egami of Steward <strong>Observatory</strong> at the University of Arizona<br />
by Fr. Paul Gabor, S.J., of the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong><br />
Fr. Gabor: Dr. Egami, congratulations on your fascinating discovery.<br />
Using the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes, as well as the Keck<br />
telescope in Hawaii, you and your colleagues observed light coming<br />
from a time less than a billion years after the Big Bang. And you<br />
found a galaxy that seemed already 750 million years old at the<br />
time, which means that it formed perhaps as early as 250 million<br />
years after the Big Bang. Could this mean that there is something<br />
wrong with our understanding of the age of the Universe?<br />
No, the age of the Universe is not based on the observations<br />
of galaxies. It is determined in a number of different ways,<br />
and it is quite well established. Our data do not challenge<br />
that. I believe, however, that they indicate that the time<br />
scale for galaxy formation in the early Universe needs to<br />
be re-examined. It seems that galaxies may have formed as<br />
early as 200 million years after the Big Bang.<br />
Fr. Gabor: And speaking of ancient history, I know that you are an<br />
alumnus of the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> Summer School 1990. How do<br />
you remember that experience?<br />
I have vivid memories of VOSS 1990. I still have the picture<br />
of myself shaking hands with John Paul II. It was one of<br />
the best summers I have ever had in my life. Many of the<br />
participants are eminent astronomers today, and I am still<br />
in contact with a number of them. This is something I<br />
could not have appreciated at the time: VOSS allowed me<br />
to have a personal connection with excellent people who<br />
have become lifetime friends. Also professionally, I have<br />
benefited from these connections. I am really grateful to Fr.<br />
George Coyne for this wonderful experience.<br />
Notes: This unique galaxy is incredibly far at 13.5 billion light years<br />
or 1.6x10^23 miles away. The young galaxy was<br />
observed only due to the good fortune of how nature<br />
positioned closer massive galaxies with powerful<br />
gravitational pull, thus, allowing for lensing—or<br />
as Dr. Egami called it “a huge magnifying glass<br />
floating in space.”<br />
Sacred<br />
Space<br />
Giving Spotlight<br />
Travis Rankin<br />
Mr. Travis Rankin’s connections to the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> Foundation<br />
are rooted in circumstance and affinity. Having studied at Santa Clara<br />
University, Mr. Rankin was taught by Jesuit Father Louis Bannan, a<br />
brother of early VATT supporters Thomas and Bernard Bannan. Years<br />
later Mr. Rankin attended a class reunion in Berkeley, California. His<br />
classmate, Fr. Tom Buckley of the Jesuit School of Theology, brought<br />
to the reunion luncheon a young Italian Jesuit who was completing his<br />
theological studies and was on his way back to Rome for ordination.<br />
The newly-ordained priest would then continue his research at the<br />
<strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong>. This was Fr. Gabriele Gionti, S.J., featured in<br />
the newsletter last fall.<br />
Having chatted with Fr. Gionti and learning more about the VOF, Mr.<br />
Rankin felt it important to support the work the Jesuits are doing at<br />
the observatory. “It is very important for the Church to stay in tune<br />
with the scientific community,” he said. “There have been ups and<br />
downs over the years, such as the Galileo affair, but the Church must<br />
stay in touch with science.” For Mr. Rankin, the dialogue regarding<br />
faith and science is a critical work that the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong><br />
provides.<br />
Mr. Rankin has been a loyal supporter of the VOF since October<br />
2008 and recently decided to become part of the growing number<br />
of members of the Sacred Space Giving program. He now gives<br />
automatically through his credit card a monthly gift benefitting the<br />
VOF.<br />
Thank you, Travis Rankin, for your generosity and<br />
kindness! And thanks to all the generous benefactors<br />
of the Foundation.<br />
To join Sacred Space Giving or learn more about the program, complete<br />
the enclosed envelope or visit our web site at www.vofoundation.org.<br />
7 <strong>Fall</strong> <strong>2011</strong>
vatican observatory<br />
foundation<br />
2017 East Lee Street<br />
Tucson, Arizona 85719<br />
specola vaticana<br />
V-00120 Città del <strong>Vatican</strong>o<br />
Roma, Italia<br />
RETURN SERVICE REQUESTED<br />
SAVE THE EARTH.<br />
Explore the Universe.<br />
The VOF is increasingly<br />
communicating by email. Please<br />
send us your email address—<br />
and together we’ll save trees and<br />
keep you informed about exciting<br />
things happening in the cosmos.<br />
VISIT US ONLINE:<br />
www.vofoundation.org<br />
inside<br />
Farewell to Fr. Coyne, Welcome to Fr. DiUlio Tribute to Fr. Kino VOF Calendars Now Available<br />
To See a World Bigger than Yourselves…<br />
Monsignor J. Terrence Fitzgerald, Retired Vicar General of the Diocese of Salt Lake City, has been a dedicated<br />
supporter of the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> Foundation. In June of this year Monsignor Fitzgerald presided over the<br />
commencement ceremony at Judge Memorial Catholic High School, his 1954 alma mater in Salt Lake City. In<br />
his congratulatory remarks, Msgr. Fitzgerald mentioned a visit he made last October to the <strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong><br />
outside Rome, with its 100-year-old telescopes that "pierced the heavens and the beauty of God’s creation.”<br />
Addressing the graduating students, Msgr. Fitzgerald recalled, "It was amazing to me to look and see how<br />
vast is this universe, how limitless the possibilities of what God has entrusted to our care. And I think, you<br />
graduates, if there’s anything you take from Judge, it should be that ability to see a world bigger than<br />
yourselves, a world bigger than your own life experiences, a world that is massive in terms of its challenges<br />
and possibilities, sufferings and changes. And I would ask that you remember … to whom a lot is given, from<br />
them a great deal is expected."<br />
Congratulations to the Class of <strong>2011</strong> and thanks to Msgr. Fitzgerald for his support of the<br />
<strong>Vatican</strong> <strong>Observatory</strong> Foundation!<br />
Upcoming<br />
Events<br />
Chicago, IL<br />
Lecture<br />
Adler Planetarium<br />
November 16, 7:30 PM<br />
George V. Coyne, S.J.<br />
River Forest, IL<br />
Albertus Magnus Lecture<br />
Dominican University, Siena Center<br />
November 17, 7:00 PM<br />
George V. Coyne, S.J.<br />
Los Angeles, CA<br />
Annual Seminar and Circles<br />
of Giving Awards Dinner<br />
February 23, 6:00 PM<br />
Seminar at Loyola High School<br />
February 24, 6:00 PM<br />
Awards Dinner at California Club