globalmappingofpleasure

A directory of organizations, programmes, media
and people who eroticize safer sex
2nd edition
1

Acknowledgements
This publication is a celebration of the many people
who have fun, sexy and erotic sex that is also safer
sex – their creativity and innovation were the original
inspiration for The Pleasure Project and continue to
influence our work.
The Global Mapping of Pleasure would not exist
without the hard work, commitment and generosity
of the many people who are profiled within it,
who shared their time and ideas with us, and who
continue to change people’s lives with their sexpositive
approach to safer sex.
The Realising Rights Research Programme
Consortium (www.realising-rights.org) generously
funded this research. We would like to thank
the Director, Hilary Standing, of the Institute of
Development Studies (IDS), University of Sussex, for
facilitating this grant. We would also like to thank
Susie Jolly of the IDS Sexuality and Development
Programme for her ongoing support for this project
and many other aspects of our work.
We especially want to thank our volunteer researchers:
Arushi Singh (IPPF South Asia, India); Juliet McEachran
(Australia); and Lauren Chauvin (Independent
Consultant, UK) for their help and dedication. And
Lucy Atkin of Colibrí Consulting (USA and Mexico)
and Hesperian Publishing, who not only helped with
research, but provided feedback, advice and support
throughout this project.
Finally, Marten Sims deserves a huge round
of applause for his fantastic design work and
consultancy.
Written and edited by Wendy Knerr
Editorial and content advisor Anne Philpott
Designed by Marten Sims
Cover image and similar images
Model Rii
Photographer OhJo
Production House Overdose
For disability photos
(Roxy) Credit Jon Edge
(Wheelchair) Credit Rod MacDonald
© The Pleasure Project, 2008 www.thepleasureproject.org
The Realising Rights Research Programme Consortium is funded by the United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID) under
grant HD43. The views expressed here do not necessarily represent those of DFID.
The Pleasure Project is an initiative of Taking Action for Sexual Health (TASH)
Portions of this publication may be reproduced for use in education or advocacy with the permission of The Pleasure Project.
Please email info@thepleasureproject.org.
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preface
The Global Mapping of Pleasure is a collection of practical, conceptual
and inspiring case studies of individuals and organizations around the
world who aim to empower people by eroticizing safer sex and making
sex education sexy. It is intended for a wide audience, including:
• sex educators
• sexual and reproductive health organizations
• medical personnel and those working in reproductive health clinics
• people and organizations focused on HIV prevention, and HIV and AIDS treatment and care
• researchers and academics
• donors and governments
• people and companies that produce erotic media, such as porn films and magazines, and those
working in mainstream media
• everyone who is tired of hearing the same-old prevention messages – that sex is dangerous, something
to be feared, and that safer sex is un-sexy
• anyone looking for a new, exciting and sexy approach to safer sex and sexual health.
The Global Mapping of Pleasure describes 45 innovative projects from six continents. Although it is not an
exhaustive listing of erotic safer-sex initiatives, it does provide a wide range of examples from many countries and
for many target groups of how safer sex and sex education can be promoted in a positive way by considering the
role of pleasure and desire in sexual behaviour.
How to use The Global Mapping of Pleasure
This document is intended to inspire and inform people who are working in sexuality education, sexual health
and erotic media, and to support sex-positive safer-sex and HIV prevention interventions. To begin, you
might find it useful to go straight to the detailed Table of Contents on pages 5-6, where the case studies and
organizations profiled within are listed according to the primary type of intervention or media used, including:
• campaigns and communications
• popular media and porn
• social marketing
• websites
• sex education programmes, trainings and workshops
• counselling and health services
• advocacy and support.
While we hope you will find useful information in most of the case studies, if you are primarily involved with
one area or type of media – such as sexuality education workshops or social marketing – then you can go
straight to that section to see how safer sex has been eroticized through that medium or intervention, and
to read some concrete examples which might be relevant and inspiring for your own work.
If you would like to read an overview of the case studies and some general observations about eroticizing
safer sex, then turn to the Introduction on pages 7–14. This section includes the background and genesis
of The Global Mapping of Pleasure; the methodology used; limitations; and observations about eroticizing
safer sex based on this collection.
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In some cases, you might find an idea or tip which you can apply to your own work immediately. In other
cases, it may be helpful to get a broader understanding of the context in which a programme has taken
place – often, sex-positive and erotic safer-sex interventions are not isolated activities or projects, but are
part of more comprehensive, holistic or ongoing sexuality education or life skills programmes. Moreover,
many factors can influence the implementation of, support for and success of an intervention. While we
have tried to include as much of this information as possible, this document is an overview of erotic safersex
interventions and has limited space for each case study. If you want to do further research, you can
email or write to the contact persons listed at the top of each case study to get more information.
It is our hope that everyone who wishes to redress the sex-negative,
fear- and disease-based approaches that dominate the sex,
sexual health and HIV discourses – and to promote the health,
empowerment and well-being of all people – will find useful
information in this publication for making safer sex more attractive...
and a whole lot sexier.
4

contents
Introduction: the case for erotic safer-sex interventions
Campaigns and Communications
A daily dose of erotic sexual health – Agenda Erótica Feminina (Mexico)..........................................................16
Tips for good lovin’ for young gay men – Victorian AIDS Council (Australia).......................................................16
Great sex during (and after) Carnival – Brazil National STD and AIDS Programme (Brazil)..................................17
Masturbate-a-thon! – Good Vibrations (USA), Center for Sex and Culture (USA) and
Marie Stopes International (UK).................................................................................................................................18
A resource library with a difference – Naz Foundation International (India)........................................................19
(Nearly) naked (safer sex) dance party for students – Oberlin University Sexual Information Center (USA).....19
Getting sexy for gay and bisexual men – PACE (UK)..............................................................................................20
Pleasure economics for male sex workers – The Samabhavana Trust (India)......................................................21
Sensual suggestions for male-to-male masseurs – SAATHII (India)........................................................................22
Popular Media and Porn
Sex blogger who says safe sex is kinky – Selina Fire (USA).....................................................................................24
Showing you how to ‘do the business’ – Anna Span, Easy on the Eye Productions (UK).....................................25
Safe Sex is Hot Sex campaign – Chi Chi LaRue (USA).............................................................................................26
Steamy lesbian safer-sex porn – Fatale Media (USA).............................................................................................27
Hot sex instruction for horny heteros – Modern Loving I and II (UK).......................................................................28
‘Cliterature’ and sexpertise in a mainstream magazine – Scarlet (UK).................................................................29
Social Marketing
ProSexHot condom marketing – BENFAM (Brazil).....................................................................................................31
Earth-shaking condom vibes – DKT International (global).................................................................................32-33
Fun sex with female condoms – The Female Health Company (global)..............................................................34
Your passport to ‘The Republic of Pleasure’ – Hindustan Latex Limited and
Family Planning Promotion Trust (India)....................................................................................................................35
Pinky Bits the Sex Fairy meets the big ‘O’ – Marie Stopes International Australia (Australia).........................36-37
The latest erotic accessory (female condoms!) – Society for Women and AIDS in Africa
(Senegal and Ghana)................................................................................................................................................37
Lube and condoms for slippery and safe sex – Population Services International Cambodia (Cambodia)....38
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Websites
Secrets to great sex for teens – Coalition for Positive Sexuality (USA)....................................................................40
How lesbians can ‘love her in latex’ – Sexual Health and Family Planning ACT (Australia)................................41
‘Hard facts for dirty buggers’ – Terrence Higgins Trust (UK)................................................................................42-43
Helping gay men ‘get off’ on tea towels – Victorian AIDS Council/Gay Men’s Health Centre (Australia)........44
Sex Education Programmes, Trainings and Workshops
Helping husbands become better lovers – Community Life Project (Nigeria).................................................46-47
The fine art (and facts) of pleasure proficiency – CARE Cambodia (Cambodia)...............................................48
Competitive condom wearing and other sex play for gay men – The Humsafar Trust (India)............................49
Sex and pleasure counselling in faith-based communities – Empowerment Concepts (Mozambique).....50-51
Pleasure, empowerment … and multiple orgasms! – INCRESE (Nigeria)..........................................................52-53
The Kama Sutra for sex workers – Institute of International Social Development (India).....................................54
‘Many positions with one’, The Kama Sutra for sex workers – The People’s Health Organisation (India)...........54
Sex workers share tips for safe sex and client satisfaction – Making Sex Work Safe workshops (Asia/Pacific).........55
Promoting an ‘erotic and protected life’ – MEXFAM (Mexico)................................................................................56
Alternative pleasures for men who have sex with men – The Naz Foundation (India) Trust and
Naz Foundation International (India)........................................................................................................................57
Sex-positive sex education (with aubergine dildos!) – Nirantar Centre for Gender and Education.................58
Super sex-positive support for sex workers – Sonagachi Project/
Durbar Mahila Samanwaya Committee (India)......................................................................................................59
Putting the sexy back into safer sex – The Pleasure Project (global)................................................................60-61
Oral, vaginal, anal … and verbal? Communication for lovers – Sensoa (Belgium)........................................62-63
Talking the language of lust – X:Talk Project (UK).....................................................................................................64
Counselling And Health Services
Don’t forget the pleasure – Planned Parenthood of New York City (USA).............................................................66
Sexy tips for HIV-positive women – Positively Women (UK).....................................................................................67
The sexy ‘dick check’ and other tips for sex workers – St. James Infirmary (USA)...........................................68-69
The pleasure hotline – TARSHI and the South and Southeast Asia Resource Centre on Sexuality (Asia)...........70
Scorching hot condoms and lube for male-to-male sex – Silom Community Clinic,
Thailand Ministry of Health and US Centers for Disease Control (Thailand)..........................................................71
Advocacy and Support
‘The blooming lotus flower’ … campaigning for female condoms –
Community Development Services (Sri Lanka)........................................................................................................73
Helping the development industry get over its obsession with bad sex – Institute of Development Studies
Sexuality and Development Programme (UK and global).....................................................................................74
Annex: List of interviewees
6

introduction:
the case for
erotic safer-sex
interventions
7

Sex is the most common way people contract HIV
worldwide, yet frank discussion and information about
how to have sex and stay healthy (much less enjoy
yourself or give pleasure to others) are largely missing
from health resources and HIV prevention campaigns.
At the same time, sexually explicit and mainstream
media, along with moralistic institutions and political
figures, are the loudest voices telling people how
and what kind of sex they should (or should not) be
having. This usually boils down to a narrow list of sexual
practices reserved for the young, the healthy, the
married and the heterosexual among us, and rarely
involves safer-sex practices, such as condom use or
non-penetrative sex, except for abstinence.
On the racier side of things, most sexually explicit
media also present a narrow view of who has (or
should be having) sex, and very rarely feature
condoms or non-penetrative sex as something
normal and sexy. Add to this the dominant fear- and
disease-based messages about sex and safer sex
coming from the HIV prevention and health sectors,
and it is not surprising that few people find safer sex
appealing, and even fewer have the information
they need to pursue their own or their partners’ sexual
pleasure without risking their health.
There is an enormous gap between people’s desires
and sexual behaviours, and the information they
have access to about how to act on those desires
in a healthy way. The health and HIV prevention
sectors have a great opportunity to fill that gap with
information about safer sex which reflects people’s
real sex lives and desires. For this to happen, those of
us in the health world have to face the erotophobia 1
that plagues much of our work. Why are so many
people and organizations who want to improve
sexual health and well-being afraid to talk about
or create programmes to address people’s desires
and real sex lives? And if ‘sex sells’ everything from
toothpaste to cars, why are we not mobilizing the
power of sex and desire to promote safer sex as a
force for good?
These are key questions for the health sector as we
mark a quarter century of the AIDS pandemic; but if
we wait to find the answers and for a paradigm shift
to occur, many more people will have been harmed.
In the meantime, we can explore and learn from the
ways that people are using the power of pleasure and
eroticism to promote safer sex and well-being. This can
become a basis from which to explore what works
with different populations, and how we might adapt
existing approaches to meet people’s real needs.
Background
The Global Mapping of Pleasure was first published
in 2004, with the support of CARE International/
CARE Cambodia, as a training tool for sexual health
educators in Cambodia. It was researched and
written on a shoestring, in just ten days, yet has been
widely referenced in the media and health sector 2 .
To date, it is the only resource available that explores
pleasure-focused approaches to safer sex worldwide.
As The Pleasure Project has worked to promote and
advocate for a more sex-positive, erotic approach
to safer sex and HIV prevention over the past
four years, we realized the need to update The
Global Mapping to include the many pioneering
organizations and individuals we have met since
that first edition was published. With support
and funding from the Realising Rights Research
Programme Consortium, we were able to widen our
search for organizations that eroticize safer sex, and
to produce this updated edition.
1
Erotophobia is a psychology term that describes sexuality on a personality scale. Erotophobes score high on the end of the scale characterized
by expressions of guilt and fear about sex. Erotophobes are less likely to talk about sex, have more negative reactions to sexually explicit material,
and have sex less frequently and with fewer partners over time. In contrast, erotophiles score high on the opposite end of the scale. Erotophilia is
characterized by expressing less guilt about sex, talking about sex more openly, and holding more positive attitudes toward sexually explicit material.
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The methodology
The first phase of this research involved identifying
potential projects and resources through enquiries
to personal contacts and colleagues, via web
research, mass emails to targeted sexual health,
HIV prevention and The Pleasure Project mailing
lists, and through the contacts of our volunteers and
supporters around the world. This generated a list of
more than 100 organizations which:
• promote safer-sex practices and
• have primary messages (e.g. promotional
materials, packaging, web pages, documents,
etc.) that treat sex/safer sex in a positive or
empowering way and avoid focusing on
disease or negative outcomes of sex.
In the second stage of the research, we narrowed
the list by focusing on:
• projects and resource which eroticize 3 safer sex,
and make safer sex sexy and
• which are practical, real-world examples
of tools and methods for eroticizing safer
sex (rather than hypothetical, theoretical or
conceptual examples of eroticizing safer sex).
Our researchers – based in Australia, India, the UK
and USA – conducted face-to-face, telephone or
email interviews with key contacts, usually project
co-ordinators or heads of organizations, whenever
possible (see list of interviewees in the Annex).
In situations where an interview was not possible
due to time or resource restrictions, we gathered
information from online sources, conference
proceedings and personal observations.
Throughout our research, we deliberately chose not
to define ‘erotic’ and ‘sexy’. Instead, we allowed
interviewees to explain how eroticism and sexiness
were manifest in their projects, based on the
sensibilities and contexts of the target groups with
which they were working, or we looked for evidence of
context-specific eroticism/sexiness in project resources.
Limitations
This publication is not an exhaustive list of projects
and resources which eroticize safer sex; it is a
sampling which could be reasonably documented
within the time available and with consideration of
budget and human resources. If the reader knows
of a resource which appears to fit the criteria for The
Global Mapping but is not included, it does not imply
a rejection of that project, and in fact we would be
2
For example, Eldis (www.eldis.org/go/topics/resource-guides/hiv-and-aids/prevention/contraceptives&id=21469&type=Document);
IDS Bulletin (www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ids/idsb/2006/00000037/00000005/art00016);
Inter Press News (http://ipsnews.net/text/news.asp?idnews=40288);
AIDS Portal (www.aidsportal.org/Articles.aspx?org=762 );
Communicating Health Risks to the Public by Dawn Hillier (Gower Press, 2006);
Development (http://www.palgrave-journals.com/development/journal/v49/n1/full/1100208a.html).
3
According to Scott-Sheldon (Scott-Sheldon, L.A.J. & Johnson, B.T. (2006) Eroticizing creates safer sex: A research synthesis, The Journal of Primary
Prevention, Vol. 27, No. 6, Nov. 2006.): “Eroticization was defined as any sexually arousing, exciting, or pleasurable material that was used to
promote safe sexual behaviour.”
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pleased to hear about the project so that it can be
considered for future publications.
In some cases, it was necessary to make an
informed judgment about whether or not a project
or resource ‘eroticizes safer sex’, as there is no
agreed or universal definition of what is erotic and
sexy. This is highly subjective, so we consulted with a
range of people, including those who are profiled in
The Global Mapping, to come to these conclusions.
All of the individuals interviewed for this publication,
and the researchers involved, were asked the same
set of questions. However, the amount or detail of
information they chose to provide, their availability
and communication links, the interviewers’ style of
questioning (some of the interviewees were known
to us personally whereas other interviews were
conducted by telephone with strangers speaking
for the first time) as well as the nature of their work,
mean that the case studies are not uniform or
standardized. This is particularly true with regard
to discussion of the challenges and obstacles
individuals and organizations may face in their work.
Some case studies provide detailed information
about challenges, while others do not address this
issue at all, but it should not be assumed that those
which do not mention challenges do not face any.
Resource constraints meant that we were only able
to follow up with some respondents via email and
telephone. In some cases, this meant we did not
receive responses from some potentially interesting
programmes, and we do not have as much detail
on some as we would like.
Observations and key themes
from the research
It was obvious throughout the case studies that there
was a depth of thinking on the part of programmers
and project leaders about sexuality, the nature
of desire and people’s many motivations for their
sexual behaviour. This highlights a key point about
eroticism and sexual pleasure: they are highly
subjective and there is no single definition for what
is sexy or erotic. This is as true among a seemingly
homogenous group of people as it is across genders,
countries, cultures and sexual orientations. A number
of the people we interviewed pointed out that
targeting interventions carefully – by getting to know
the audience through surveys, focus groups, face-toface
interactions or personal experience – is crucial.
This includes knowing what turns people on, what
motivates their sexual behaviour, what types of media
or intervention they may best respond to, where
they hang out, what their values are – in short: really
listening to what the target audience is saying, and
understanding what ‘non-judgmental’ really means
when it comes to discussing intimate details of desire.
Creativity was also a common theme among the
programmes and resources, especially in terms of
communicating erotic safer-sex messages – from
erotic safer-sex tea towels for gay men in Australia,
to dildo-making contests for nuns who do marriage
counselling in Mozambique, to training modules
about seduction for couples in Nigeria. These
creative and novel methods of communication
were, for the most part, deliberate – not just novelty
for novelty’s sake. The sexy safer-sex tea towels, for
example, were taken home from clubs and parties
and became conversation pieces; the dildo-making
was a specific technique to help the participants
understand the realities of sex in a fun way; and
making seduction a key part of the curriculum for
couples gave participants another way to relate
to each other, often replacing violence or other
unhealthy forms of communication.
During the course of this project, we also discovered
that, when assessing what distinguishes an
erotic safer-sex intervention from one that is, for
example, ‘sex-positive’ but not erotic, is the level
of detail about sex acts, safer-sex methods and/
or behaviours, particularly how to negotiate safer
sex in a sexy way. This ‘how to do it’, rather than
just ‘you should do it’ or ‘you can do it’, approach
is, therefore, a key element of many of the projects
profiled in The Global Mapping. This does not imply
that non-erotic ‘sex-positive’ interventions are less
important, effective or innovative. It just reflects
the focus and purpose of this research, which is to
document erotic safer-sex interventions specifically.
Ideally, in doing this project we were also looking for
evidence of the effectiveness of the programmes
and resources profiled. This was harder to come by
– very few controlled trials or systematic monitoring
and evaluation systems have been used to measure
the effectiveness of projects which eroticize safer
sex. The Pleasure Project is currently researching
“Promoting sexual health and rights through
pleasure: a literature review”, to be published
in May 2008 with support from the Women’s
Empowerment Research Programme Consortium.
The review will aim to increase understanding of
the existing research related to pleasure promotion
and eroticization of safer sex, and to examine the
contexts in which pleasure promotion may be
effective or ineffective, and to what degree. The
literature review will be a follow-up to the Lancet
article, “Promoting protection and pleasure:
amplifying the effectiveness of barriers against
sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy”. 4
Key questions for discussion
4
Philpott, A., Knerr, W. & Maher, D. Promoting protection and pleasure: amplifying the effectiveness of barriers against sexually transmitted
infections and pregnancy, The Lancet, Volume 368, Issue 9551, Pages 2028–2031.
10

sex, what clients find sexy – and, therefore, helps
to form the basis for pleasure-focused interventions
(e.g. the work of St. James Infirmary in the USA,
page 68, and Empowerment Concepts, page 50).
Some practitioners (e.g. The Pleasure Project, page 60,
and The Sambhavana Trust, page 21) designed
pleasure-focused and eroticization interventions
by documenting the ideas and experiences of
the groups they work with and sharing those ideas
with other groups through workshops and learning
materials, while others (Making Sex Work Safe
workshops, page 55) created an environment where
workshop participants could to teach each other
based on their relative strengths.
How does erotophobia in the
AIDS world affect the ability
to encourage safer sex? Why
has pleasure been ignored in
discussions of safer sex and
prevention?
At the outset of this project, we identified several
questions and issues which we hoped to explore during
the course of the research, and which formed the
basis of the questions for the interviews. The following
section addresses these questions by outlining
possible themes and commonalities, identifying case
studies that could provide answers, or, in some cases,
indicating the need for further exploration.
How do practitioners motivate
safer sex through pleasure, and
how do we ‘get our pitch right’ for
marketing condoms as pleasureenhancement
tools?
This was one of the overarching questions The
Global Mapping aimed to answer, and every
case study includes ideas for how this can be
done or attempted. Overwhelmingly, people and
organizations have motivated safer sex through
pleasure by having a deep understanding of their
target audience and uncovering what is (or is not)
sexy and erotic for that audience. This was often
achieved through surveys and focus groups (e.g.
SAATHII’s work with men who have sex with men,
and men who sell sex, in West Bengal, page 22;
the Victorian AIDS Council’s website for gay men
in Australia, page 44). In some cases, what was
sexually pleasurable was considered common
knowledge or assumed. In others, the first step was
to open up dialogue among people and help them
to become more comfortable talking about sex and
what they find pleasurable. It is through this process
that practitioners have uncovered what their target
audience defines as sexy – or in the case of selling
These are questions we asked many of the
interviewees to get a sense of the challenges
they face in pursuing what could be seen as an
unorthodox or taboo way of promoting safer sex. For
example, when Jasmir Thakur of the Samabhavana
Trust, India, was asked if the HIV world is erotophobic.
his response was: “110% – they just miss obvious
opportunities, like when a person gets a negative
HIV result, this is an ideal opportunity to counsel
about pleasure and safer sex – but they don’t …”
Other people interviewed for this research indicated
that creating an effective resource or intervention
requires getting specific about the sex their target
audience is having – or wishes to have – and about
how to have that sex safely. This means getting
specific about ‘how to do it’ – using language more
commonly used with sexual partners rather than
words from the medical or health promotion world
– and this treads on taboo territory in most cultures
and contexts. This was particularly relevant in the
interviews with organizations that work with sex
workers (e.g. St. James Infirmary, page 68; Making
Sex Work Safe workshops in Asia and the Pacific,
page 55; X:Talk Project, London, page 64), and with
men who have sex with men (e.g. Terrence Higgins
Trust Hard Cell website, page 42). This could reflect
stigma related to discussing homosexuality and
sex work in most cultures, along with a wide range
of other factors. It is also worth nothing that the
discourse on HIV prevention, family planning and
safer sex has emerged primarily from the medical
world, where the idea of sex for pleasure is rarely
discussed. A wider discussion of erotophobia is
beyond the scope of this publication but important
to consider when implementing erotic and pleasurefocused
safer-sex interventions.
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Has pleasure been used as a
tool for empowerment, especially
for women? And can the sexual
health sector promote women’s
right to pleasure as an HIV
prevention tactic and means
for empowerment?
Many respondents indicated that by eroticizing
safer sex they aimed, at least in part, to empower
people to be able to negotiate safer sex. Dorothy
Aken’ Ova of INCRESE in Nigeria, however, sees
empowerment as key to her work. She commented:
“If this delicate, taboo thing – sexual pleasure
– could be negotiated by women, than almost
anything can be negotiated” (page 52). Aken’ Ova
and others believe that enabling women to pursue
their own pleasure, and making women’s pleasure
a priority, can empower women in other areas of
their lives. In projects where sex workers are given
training to be able to better provide pleasure to
their clients while lowering health risks, this involves
improving their existing skills through, for example,
language training. The aim is economic and,
therefore, social empowerment (e.g. the Institute
of International Social Development and People’s
Health Organisation Kama Sutra education in India,
pages 54; The Sambhavana Trust, page 21; and
X:Talk Project, page 64).
In which contexts are erotic safer
sex interventions most useful and
effective? Which groups of people
do they appeal to most?
married couples (21%), and sex workers (19%). Other
interventions were designed to target the general
population (13%), young people (10%) and women
(8%), while only 2% (one example) was aimed
specifically at addressing the safer-sex needs of
people living with HIV. However, some projects would
inevitably reach and be of use to people living with
HIV, even if this was not the specific or named target
group. (Please note that some examples target
more than one audience – for example, male-tomale
sex workers.) As before, these statistics are
not an indication of which groups erotic safer-sex
interventions appeal to most. However, they do
provide an interesting basis for further analysis of
which groups might be deemed most appropriate
for receiving erotic safer-sex interventions and
why these groups might be seen as appropriate
compared to other groups. (For example: do
programmers and funders see sex workers and men
who have sex with men as more appropriate target
groups for erotic safer sex?)
Two of the social marketing campaigns we profiled
reported greater-than-expected sales figures for
male and female condoms that were marketed
using pleasure-focused messages (e.g. DKT social
marketing campaign in Brazil, page 32, and
Population Services International Cambodia’s
Number One Plus Condom/Lube social marketing,
page 38). And some programme managers and
co-ordinators reported anecdotal evidence of
effectiveness in the form of positive feedback from
participants and beneficiaries. However, there were
no reports of systematic or scientific monitoring or
evaluation of interventions based on their erotic or
sex-positive components.
In this edition of The Global Mapping of Pleasure,
more examples (33%) come from Asia (including
South and Southeast Asia) than anywhere else,
with Europe and the UK accounting for 21%, North
America 16%, Africa 12%, Australia 9% and Latin
America 9%. (These are approximate numbers, as
some projects and organizations work in multiple
regions.) However, these figures are not an indication
of where erotic safer-sex interventions are most
useful or effective. They simply reflect the examples
we were able to find within strict budget, human
resource, language and time restrictions. Since erotic
safer-sex work is rarely documented in project reports
or analyses, identifying interventions is dependent
on word-of-mouth referrals and recommendations,
making a systematic analysis problematic.
Among the erotic safer-sex interventions we found,
the largest number (27%) were aimed at lesbian,
gay, bisexual and transgender people, with most
for men who have sex with men. The next most
common target groups were heterosexual and/or
12

In other studies, The Pleasure Project has found
strong evidence that integrating an eroticization
component into safer-sex interventions can reduce
sexual risk behaviour 5 6 ; however, the research that
is available is limited in focus, and more research is
needed. “Promoting sexual health and rights through
pleasure: a literature review”, to be published in May
2008 with support from the Women’s Empowerment
Research Programme Consortium, will provide a
basis for additional research on this topic.
What are some of the personal,
institutional and funding barriers to
inclusion of pleasure and eroticism
in campaigns and projects?
Issues around eroticism and sex are often the
subject of controversy, and applying eroticism to
safer sex and sexual health is no exception. Among
the respondents who discussed barriers to this
work, challenges were noted both from external
forces and within organizations. For example, a
few respondents noted that sex educators and
counsellors may have personal barriers to being
open-minded and comfortable discussing some
forms of eroticism, desire and sex (e.g. INCRESE,
page 52, and The Samabhavana Trust, page 21).
External challenges were mentioned more often. For
example, Hindustan Latex Limited’s (HLL) vibrating
condom, Crezendo, was banned in one state in
India because it was considered a sex toy in the
guise of a condom 7 . Work with and for men who
have sex with men in India also encountered major
challenges since anal sex is illegal (e.g. SAATHII,
page 22, and Naz Foundation, page 19).
Anna Span (page 25) explained the difficulties
experienced by porn actors with using condoms on
set, and with marketing and selling porn films which
feature what is considered ‘too many’ condoms.
Terrence Higgins Trust (THT) in the UK, which created
the Hard Cell website for safer same-sex BDSM
(page 42), discussed the fact that ‘pressure’ groups,
which often have religious affiliations, constantly
monitor its publications, “looking for something
to get ‘scandalized’ over” and to publicly lobby
against THT’s work, although this was not only
related to projects with an erotic element. THT
also said that the mainstream press has caused
problems in the past for agencies doing supposedly
‘controversial’ sexual health promotion for gay
men. “A lot of people won’t understand why we’re
doing it, including a lot of gay men who may not
approve,” said Richard Scholey from THT. Some
country offices of social marketing company DKT
International mentioned that they tread carefully to
avoid censorship of or backlash against campaigns,
by avoiding promoting products through certain
mainstream media (e.g. they have avoided
television advertising in Indonesia).
On the other hand, negative press
was noted by DKT and another
social marketing organization, HLL,
as a positive, in that it generated
publicity for their products.
In contrast, Susie Jolly of the Institute for
Development Studies Sexuality and Development
Programme, said that, while there have been some
surprised reactions from donors, working on sexuality
and pleasure has not been more problematic for
their UK-based organization. The same was true for
Sensoa in Belgium, with its ‘Good Lovers’ and ‘Talk
about sex!’ campaigns for young people: they
expected a backlash, but there was none, partly
because they made the health intentions of their
provocative campaign very clear from the outset.
And Ngozi Iwere of the Community Life Project (CLP)
in Nigeria, which works with couples in a faith-based
5
For example, see: Scott-Sheldon, L.A.J. & Johnson, B.T. (2006). Eroticizing creates safer sex: A research synthesis. Journal of Primary Prevention,
Vol. 27, No. 6, Nov. 2006, 619–640.6 Philpott, A., Knerr, W. & Maher, D. Promoting protection and pleasure: amplifying the effectiveness of barriers
against sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy, The Lancet, Volume 368, Issue 9551, Pages 2028–2031.
6
Philpott, A., Knerr, W. & Maher, D. Promoting protection and pleasure: amplifying the effectiveness of barriers against sexually transmitted
infections and pregnancy, The Lancet, Volume 368, Issue 9551, Pages 2028–2031.
7
http://marketingpractice.blogspot.com/2007/08/crezendo-passport-to-republic-of.html
13

counsellors can often get people talking about sex
and pleasure by telling them how to increase the
pleasure for their partners (e.g. The Sambhavana
Trust, page 21, Hindustan Latex Family Planning
Promotion Trust’s Velvet female condom campaign
page 35, and TARSHI page 70).
setting, said, “There has been no resistance within
the churches because you can find a lot of things
within the church to support pleasure in marriage...
The success of this work is the whole package – it
succeeds because it is in the broader framework
of relationships.” However, these are just a few
experiences that practitioners have had in relation
to the challenges of eroticizing safer sex.
How do sexual health counsellors
and educators get people talking
about sex and pleasure?
The Pleasure Project’s own experience of getting
people ‘talking dirty’ or discussing sexual issues is
echoed in many of the examples from this research.
For example, our trainings with CARE Cambodia’s
sexual health educators (page 48) and with
counsellors from Positively Women (page 67), as
well as St James Infirmary’s experience counselling
sex workers in the USA (page 68), indicate that
creating a safe and non-judgmental space is an
essential first step to get people comfortable talking
about sex and pleasure. The CARE Cambodia
training and the work of CLP in Nigeria highlight the
importance respondents put on finding out what
beneficiaries really want to know – in Cambodia,
we found they wanted more basic information
about sexual response, while CLP’s experience
was that men, in particular, wanted more than just
information about HIV, they wanted to know about
sex, drugs and, especially, impotency, which was a
motivation for their extramarital sexual relationships.
Some respondents also said that educators and
Working either with single-gender groups or
with mixed groups was noted as an important
consideration by Empowerment Concepts in the`ir
work with faith-based communities in Mozambique
and in The Pleasure Project’s training for CARE
Cambodia, where we facilitated more single-gender
sessions at the request of participants. The need to
engage men in discussions and activities related to
sexuality, safer sex and pleasure – rather than only
targeting and including women – was particularly
noted by INCRESE and CLP in Nigeria. Simply asking
the right questions was a notable factor in the work
of St James Infirmary, where asking sex workers the
novel question “What do you enjoy about your
work?”, allowed sex workers the space to talk about
what they found pleasurable. This is often taboo,
and for St. James Infirmary it was an invitation to indepth
and deeply personal conversations with sex
workers about how to do their jobs while practising
safer sex, both with clients and regular partners.
Finally, putting eroticization of safer sex and pleasure
into the wider context of life and relationships is
a crucial factor in some work, particularly with
couples and faith-based communities (e.g. CLP and
Empowerment Concepts), but also with men who
have sex with men (Naz Foundation (India), page 19).
Throughout this research, we were excited by
the level of creativity and depth of thought that
sex educators and programmers are using to
connect desire with safer sex – often in small or
sparsely funded programmes, and in conservative
environments where discussing sex at all is
highly taboo. We hope this document reflects
the pioneering spirit and brave efforts of these
organizations, which are blazing a trail for sexpositive
work around the world. It is now crucial
to follow up this research by building a more
comprehensive evidence base for sex-positive safersex
work. We must identify where and with whom
pleasure is an effective tool to promote safer sex,
and scale up sex-positive programmes so they reach
more people and begin to reduce the ill health and
adverse consequences of unsafe sex worldwide.
14

I might undress for a living but I love to dress up for
sex! The ultimate tools of seduction might include silky
seamed stockings, dangerously high stilettos, and
perhaps a tightly-laced corset... but always a nice
snug condom. Safe sex is sexy.”
Dita Von Teese, burlesque performer and celebrity, in support of the MAC cosmetics
Viva Glam project to support the MAC AIDS Fund (www.macaidsfund.org)
campaigns and
communications
15

Agenda Erótica Feminina
A daily dose of erotic sexual health
Contact Olivia Ortiz
Geners, Instituto de Género y Salud Sexual, S.C.
Mexico, D.F.
Mexico
Tel +52 5862 4104
Email oliviaortizra@gmail.com or
genesigss@gmail.com
The Women’s Erotic Agenda is a stylish diary/
datebook featuring erotic photographs of women
and men, and erotic and empowering poetry. It also
includes an annex entitled “To enjoy responsibly”,
which provides detailed information about sexual
and reproductive health, safer sex, and contact
information for sexual and reproductive health and
human rights organizations throughout Mexico.
Now in its eighth edition, the Agenda seeks to
promote a sensual and pleasurable view of women’s
bodies and to encourage a responsible, well-informed
and satisfying enjoyment of sexuality. It is sold with
a condom attached – in past years, this was a
male condom, and in 2008 a female condom –
to encourage safer sex. It is unique in providing
information about sexual health and safer sex in a
resource that people can use every day, and in a
format that is accessible, interesting and, most of
all, erotic. It is a daily reminder that sexuality and the
human body can be exciting, enticing and beautiful,
but that being sexually responsible – for the sake of
our own health and our partners’ – is vital.
Victorian AIDS Council
Tips for good lovin’ for young gay men
Contact Mike Kennedy
6 Claremont St
South Yarra
Victoria 3141
Australia
Tel +61 9865 6700
Email mike_kennedy@vicaids.asn.au
‘Out there! A sexual health guide for young gay
men’ was published by the Australasian College of
Sexual Health Physicians, Australian Federation of
AIDS Organisations and the Victorian AIDS Council.
‘Out there!’ uses common language, detailed
descriptions, and sexy photos to help instruct readers
on how to have better, safer sex. It was informed
and written by the gay community, and includes
sections such as early sexual feelings, encounters,
identity issues, coming out, HIV and STIs, and finetuning
sexual techniques. There are a variety of
safer-sex books in the mainstream publishing industry
which include sexual techniques for safer sex, but
this one is unusual in having been published by a
public health body.
16

Brazil National STD and AIDS Programme
Great sex during (and after) Carnival
Ministry of Health
SEPN 511 – Bloco C
70.750-543, Brasília – DF
Brazil
Tel +55 61 3448-8000
Web www.aids.gov.br
Brazil has been one of the first countries in the world
to stop associating AIDS with death in its publicity
campaigns. Instead of following the trends of the time,
Brazil decided in its campaigns to make respect for
human rights paramount as well as giving people
accurate information, bolstering self-confidence
and providing incentives for condom use.”
Brazil National STD and AIDS Programme
Brazil’s National STD and AIDS Programme has
designed provocative and controversial HIV
prevention campaigns over the last 20 years,
particularly around Carnival. These campaigns have
been aimed at the general population, for specific
events (such as Carnival), and to groups such as men
who have sex with men, teenage girls and sex workers.
Its 2008 campaign for Carnival features the cheeky
slogan “Be good in bed, use a condom” and is
aimed particularly at young women. The Programme
also promoted a second message, for people living
with HIV: “Whether or not you live with AIDS, use a
condom and ensure your peace of mind”. A key
element of its approach is targeting its campaigns. For
example, the 2008 campaign was a response to the
increasingly evident vulnerability of women to HIV. As
such, the Programme created promotional materials
that appeal to young women, in this case temporary
tattoos and headbands.
“Over the 20 years since the epidemic first started,”
states the Programme’s official website, “Brazil has
been one of the first countries in the world to stop
associating AIDS with death in its publicity campaigns.
Instead of following the trends of the time, Brazil
decided in its campaigns to make respect for human
rights paramount as well as giving people accurate
information, bolstering self-confidence and providing
incentives for condom use.”
According to the Programme’s website: “When
putting a campaign together, a number of underlying
factors have always been taken into account. These
include assembling the correct epidemiological data,
examining closely the various behavioural studies
available, and encouraging groups and individuals
from civil society to participate actively in the effort.”
In 2007, the slogan was “Use condoms and be happy
during and after the celebrations”. According to
the Programme’s website: “The idea is that carnival
revellers can keep their peace of mind after the
celebrations by using condoms if they happen to have
sex, thus ensuring their happiness and pleasure.”
These campaigns have been promoted through
explicit posters and other materials, such as the
“Safe sex is hot sex: you are not immune” poster,
showing naked men and women embracing in
provocative poses on a beach. And the organization
has produced short films and radio spots, harnessing
the power of celebrity spokespeople. And they have
partnered with companies, such as Coca Cola, to
distribute posters and leaflets. Carnival revellers often
find self-adhesive posters affixed to walls in the toilets
of bars and restaurants in large cities.
17

Good Vibrations, Center for Sex and
Culture, Marie Stopes International, and
others – Masturbate-a-thon!
Center for Sex and Culture
www.masturbate-a-thon.com
Marie Stopes International
www.masturbate-a-thon.co.uk
The Masturbate-a-thon is about masturbation for a
reason, and we want everyone who attends to help
us send the message that masturbation is a positive,
completely safe and erotic alternative, good for you,
and just plain pleasurable!”
from the Marie Stopes International Masturbate-a-thon website, www.masturbate-a-thon.co.uk
The first Masturbate-a-thon is credited to the US-based
sex toy shop Good Vibrations (www.goodvibes.com)
and to positive sexuality guru Carol Queen, who runs
the Center for Sex and Culture. In 2006, Marie Stopes
International (MSI) brought the Masturbate-a-thon to
Europe, hosting, according to the event’s website,
“...a charity event, intended to encourage people to
explore safer sex, talk about masturbation and lift the
taboos that still surround the subject, by coming to a
public place and coming in a public place!”
Masturbate-a-thons are public education events
intended to increase the use of self pleasure as a
strategy for safer sex and to de-stigmatize self-love.
During the past six years, Masturbate-a-thons have
raised over US$ 25,000 for women’s health initiatives
and HIV prevention, education and treatment
organizations, and has contributed to debates about
safer sex and alternative safe methods of sexual
expression in the US, in the face of harsh conservative
opposition. The UK event was modelled on the US
events, with specific ground rules, such as an 18-orolder
age requirement, inclusion of people from all
genders and sexual orientations, and prohibition of
group and couple sex. There were different rooms at
the event, for example, a comfort area, a womenonly
area, a men-only area and a mixed area. And
organizers advised masturbators to “spend some
time in the comfort area, which is a no-masturbation
zone, to acclimatize and get comfortable before
proceeding to one of the other rooms.”
In preparation for the Masturbate-a-thon, participants
ask friends and loved ones to sponsor them for a
certain amount of money for every minute they
masturbate during the event, the number of orgasms
they achieve or simply for having the courage to
participate. (Some participants even vowed to
beat the US record 8 hours and 32 minutes.) At the
event, each masturbator is assigned a monitor –
someone who has been trained to be discreet, while
monitoring the room to record the number of minutes
the participant masturbates and/or the number of
orgasms achieved.
According to the MSI event website, “The Masturbatea-thon
is about masturbation for a reason, and we
want everyone who attends to help us send the
message that masturbation is a positive, completely
safe and erotic alternative, good for you, and just plain
pleasurable!” Relaxing music, comfortable cushions
on the floor, Moroccan-style décor, disposable paper
towels and batteries (for sex toys) were all provided.
And lubricant was provided by one of the event’s
sponsors, ID Lubricant.
“We are absolutely delighted with the response to this
ground-breaking event,” said MSI’s Tony Kerridge in the
event press release. “Well over 100,000 people have
logged on to the website since it went live just over
two weeks ago, and the amount of media interest
we have generated thus far means that we really
have started to get people thinking and talking about
masturbation and other forms of non-penetrative
sex as safe, healthy and exciting alternatives to
intercourse, which is one of the key aims of this event.”
...explore safer sex, talk about masturbation and lift
the taboos that still surround the subject, by coming
to a public place and coming in a public place!”
from the Marie Stopes International Masturbate-a-thon website, www.masturbate-a-thon.co.uk
18

Naz Foundation International
A resource library with a difference
India Contact
Shivananda Khan, Chief Executive
c/o NFI Regional Liaison Office
UK Contact
Kim Mulji, Executive Director
Naz Foundation International
9 Gulzar Colony, New Berry Lane
Lucknow 226 001, India
Tel +91 522 2205781/2
Palingswick House, 241 King Street
London, UK, W6 9LP
Tel +44 20 8563 0191
Fax +91 522 2205783
Email info@nfi.net
Web www.nfi.net
Fax +44 20 8741 9841
Email info@nfi.net
Web www.nfi.net
Naz Foundation International (NFI) works to improve
the sexual health, welfare and human rights of men
who have sex with men, and their partners. It does
this by advocating for sexual, welfare and human
rights, developing policies on these issues and
providing technical, financial and institutional support
to networks, groups and organizations for men who
have sex with men in developing countries.
The organization hosts the NFI Library and
Information Centre, which was established in
1997 at NFI’s Regional Liaison Office in Lucknow,
northern India, and currently contains over 1,300
books, documents, manuals, articles, reports,
internatiovnal journals, toolkits, CDs, proceedings of
conferences and symposia, and reference sources
such as encyclopaedias, dictionaries, handbooks,
biographies and periodicals. These resources focus
not only on male-to-male sex, but also on a range of
issues related to sexualities, gender, HIV, AIDS, human
rights, law and youth, and including unique resources
related to the eroticization of safer sex. NFI is in the
process of developing a searchable database of its
resources, and in the meantime, keeps an updated
list of its collection on its website: www.nfi.net. NFI has
also produced provocative posters which emphasize
safer sex and pleasure, some featuring sexy images
with a safer-sex message.
Oberlin University Sexual Information Center
(Nearly) naked (safer sex)
dance party for students
Oberlin University Sexual Information Center
Room 203
Wilder Hall
Oberlin College
Oberlin, Ohio
USA
Tel +1 440 775 8135
Email sic@oberlin.edu
Web www.oberlin.edu/stuorg/sic/safer_sex_night.html
An annual dance party aimed at educating
university students about safer sex. In addition to allnight
dancing (but no alcohol), the event includes
demonstrations and workshops on safer oral sex,
the ABCs of sex toys, and proper use of safer sex
supplies. Educational posters cover the walls and
educational videos (with an erotic twist) are shown
during the event. Staff members are available all
night to answer questions, and over 4,000 condoms,
dental dams, and lube packets are distributed. The
dress code is the same for men and women: genitals
and nipples must be covered (with whatever you
like), otherwise, anything goes.
19

PACE
Getting sexy for gay and bisexual men
Contact Tim Foskett
PACE
34 Hartham Road
London
N7 9LJ
Tel +44 20 7700 1323
Fax +44 20 7609 4909
Email info@pace.dircon.co.uk
Web www.pacehealth.org.uk
We work with sex... not with safer sex specifically –
I think it’s because of this that our work is popular,
[since] so many people get nauseous at the
concept of safer sex.”
Tim Foskett, PACE, UK
PACE is London’s largest mental health organization
working with lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender
(LGBT) people. It provides counselling, groupwork,
youth work, employment support, mental health
advocacy and family support, as well as a
telephone helpline which is available for family
and relationship support and structured Telephone
Counselling of up to six weekly 30-minute sessions.
According to Tim Foskett, Groupwork and
Training Manager at PACE, “We are a sex-positive
organization in that we see sex as an important
and valued part of most people’s lives. We also
know that many LGBT people find sex and intimate
relationships one of the main areas of sexual health
that they struggle with.”
According to Foskett, the tone and context that is set
by its counsellors is important:
...if we set the context
and tone well, people
want to talk about sex.”
PACE will launch a new publication entitled Getting
Sexy in 2008 – an interactive workbook for gay/bi
men. It aims to help men explore, experiment with
and enjoy sex more, and is a companion to Getting
Ready (on self-esteem) and Getting What You Want
(on friendship and relationship skills), both of which
are published by PACE. Getting Sexy will feature
three different covers to appeal to different users.
When asked if PACE works to eroticize safer sex,
Foskett said, “Our approach has always been to work
holistically. We work with sex … not with safer sex
specifically – I think it’s because of this that our work
is popular, [since] so many people get nauseous at
the concept of safer sex.” However, he also said that
Getting Sexy includes information about ‘unprotected
emotional intercourse, “… a little manifesto about the
sexiness of emotional connection for people who have
to or choose to use condoms, for instance, if you are in
a serodiscordant relationship.”
Foskett said PACE has support from its funders, partly
because “we are a community organization and at
arms length from the NHS [UK National Health Service]
– so we can get the work done without ‘embarrassing’
the NHS. NHS organizations that we have worked
with have had a lot more interference from senior
management about the content of their work.”
Getting Sexy will be available in May 2008 at
www.pacehealth.org.uk
20

The Sambhavana Trust
Pleasure economics for male sex workers
Contact Jasmir Thakur, Executive Officer
Tel +91 982 023 8574
Email jasmir@rediffmail.com
Web www.samabhavana.org
We promote pleasure with economics: if a client feels
good, they will call back... that’s secure income.”
Jasmir Thakur, The Samabhavana Trust, India
The Samabhavana Trust provides sex education and
community development to male sex workers in
Mumbai, to college students, and to the families of
sex workers in an area of Uttar Pradesh. When asked
if the HIV world is erotophobic, the Trust’s Executive
Officer, Jasmir Thakur, said:
“110% – they just miss obvious opportunities, like when
a person gets a negative HIV result, this is an ideal
opportunity to counsel about pleasure and safer sex –
but they don’t … [For example,] Hindi films are all about
pleasure – everyone knows it’s about sex so we should
use them … Older women can tell dirty jokes here – it’s
socially sanctioned, so let’s use that opportunity.”
Thakur also felt that we need to recognize the potential
morality in ourselves and how we might judge those
we are educating – self-reflection needs to be another
skill of the sex educator. “Sex educators often put their
own bias and morals into their work – they think for their
clients and act like Lord and Master.”
“ABC [the US Government’s ‘abstinence, be faithful,
use condoms’ strategy] failed miserably, and if you
want to use condoms consistently then the only power
is making it a sex tool – there has to be a national
pleasure policy and it has to go down to the last
person in the hierarchy, [such as] the peer counsellor.”
The Samabhavana Trust uses pleasure in its HIV prevention
work through a variety of methods, for example:
• condom promotion for heterosexual men
focused on ‘making the pleasure last longer, and
making her feel good through more pleasure’
• telephone helpline from Pune called Ehsaas
(feelings), about sexual rights, law and sexuality.
Among men, the Trust promotes the idea that being
‘masculine’ is not about just having a dick – you also
have to use it well. “We need to think about how to
make condoms masculine, the ‘notch on the belt’
– condoms are not seen as manly, and the Indian
male will do anything if you tell him it’s manly, even
jump off a high building.”
Among sex workers, the Trust emphasizes that ‘you
are being paid to pleasure a client … do it well, and
he or she will call you back’. This came as a result
of sex workers telling the Trust that having regular
clients was necessary for economic stability. Thakur
says that they advise sex workers to “Satisfy him –
kiss, perform foreplay, use your tongue, do oral sex,
ask them how they feel... ” He says it is important
in work with sex workers to promote “pleasure with
economics: if a client feels good they will call back...
that’s secure income.”
The Trust opens and underwrites bank accounts for its
sex worker participants, who otherwise cannot open
bank accounts easily. The men must keep a minimum
balance of Rs1000, and if they fall below this level, the
Trust’s counsellors are notified and use the situation as
a prompt to find out why the income is not coming
in, and how to improve client call-back rates, in part
by using pleasure tactics. For Samabhavana Trust,
pleasure becomes a matter of economics.
21

SAATHII
Sensual suggestions for
male-to-male masseurs
Calcutta Office
Contact Anupam Hazra
CD 335, Sector I, Salt Lake
Calcutta 700 064
West Bengal, India
Tel +91 33 2334 7329
Email saathii@yahoo.com
Web www.saathii.org
SAATHII (Solidarity and Action against the HIV
Infection in India) is an NGO helping to build the
capacity of individuals and organizations that work
on HIV, AIDS and sexuality in India, through research,
technical assistance, advocacy and networking. Its
Calcutta office undertook a study in West Bengal
State exploring notions of pleasure in male-to-male
sex in India, asking the question: ‘Can introducing
‘elements of sensuousness’ in the way male-to-male
sex is perceived and experienced in India make it
safer in terms of STI/HIV infections?’
The study used personal interviews with key
informants in the male-to-male sex community,
including massage parlour owners and masseurs (a
lot of commercial male-to-male sex takes place in
massage parlours). Study findings highlighted the
following aspects of male-to-male sex in India:
• the language of male-to-male sex is largely
aggressive, with sex often associated with
violence and power dynamics (“If one can make
another person lie below him in bed, then he has
more power...” said one informant in the study.)
• oral and anal penetration are common
• the number of sexual partners is seen as an
indicator of status
• among many ‘feminized’ men, aggression,
power and force or rape are not seen as
major issues when it comes to gaining sexual
satisfaction
• aggression increases the chance of unsafe sex
• according to one respondent: “When one meets
a good (looking) guy in the train or bus, they try
to have sex by whatever means (and) wherever
possible, so they can hardly think of condoms then.”
Based on the findings of the study, SAATHII then
asked ‘What can be done to make sex safer for men
who have sex with men without reducing its pleasure
quotient?’ A change in existing laws against samesex
sexual behaviour, obscenity and commercial
sex were named as key changes, but: “The task, of
making society accept sex as a means of getting
pleasure, and that non-penetrative (sex) is also
pleasurable, cannot be achieved overnight; so we
need to find out more immediate and practical
approaches which can be implemented easily.”
Some of the suggested actions include encouraging
sex education in schools which expands the
meaning of ‘sex’ to include non-penetrative acts,
and training masseurs and the owners of massage
parlours to promote safer and more pleasurable sex.
For example, the study authors suggest that:
• each massage parlour can have a trainer skilled
in training masseurs to give pleasurable sexual
services without compromising their or their
clients’ health and well-being;
• training can be given during duet sessions or
through discussion with the masseurs or by
experienced masseurs;
• regular feedback should be sought from clients
to assess the masseurs’ performance and the
feedback should be shared with the masseur so
that he can get additional training if needed; and
• individuals can be trained in the art of lovemaking,
using films, flip charts or books (with cartoons and
photos of models enacting sexual poses).
SAATHII has now started a Sensuousness Action
Research Project (SARP) based on the findings of the
study. Initially, it will test the efficacy of behaviour
change communication (BCC) materials which
incorporate elements of sensuousness in making
male-to-male sex safer as well as pleasurable. The
BCC materials will include a short film, small booklet
and training workshop module. The film is a short
feature set in a massage parlour, where the massage
parlour owner deals with a client wanting a sexual
massage, and a masseur deals with the client and
negotiates safer sex. The film is being made using
sensuous still photos with a voice-over narrative.
Other actions are also planned by SAATHII, and the
study has illuminated a wide range of priorities which
could go a long way towards increasing safer sex in
male-to-male sexual encounters by working within
existing notions of sensuality and pleasure, while also
helping to change some of the norms, beliefs and legal
and social issues that prevent safer sex and well-being.
22

If men were made to feel that using condoms made
them better in bed (because women can let go and
enjoy themselves without fear of pregnancy and STIs)
then they would be more inclined to use them...”
Sarah Hedley, Editor, Scarlet Magazine, UK
popular media
and porn
23

Selina Fire
Sex blogger who says safe sex is kinky sex
Web http://selinafire.blogspot.com
He could only take a few thrusts, gently cradling my
head until he moaned, “I’m gonna cum if we don’t
stop. I want to fuck you.” So I stopped sucking him.
He got on top of me and we rolled on a condom. I
helped him put his dick in my wet pussy and he did
his hard driving, fast fucking - slam! slam! slam! It felt
so good and hard, so deep. Nice to feel so well filled.”
Selina Fire, from the story ‘Lovers’ Posse and more Summer Parties’
Selina Fire is a sex blogger and writer with a
difference – she writes hot, outrageous, filthy stories
about her life, and knows how to make safer sex hot
without it being a big deal. Her sex blog is “Sex in the
City—The Real Version,” through which she tells the
tales of “A 48 year old New York City woman’s sexual
adventures.” She also writes a column for Penthouse
Forum magazine, and last year dedicated a whole
column (April 2007) to ideas for kinkier safer sex,
including mutual masturbation, tit sex, fisting, getting
her partner to come on her face, and exhibitionism.
Selina writes about safer sex in such an arousing way
that you cannot fail to see how it can be sexy and
how much she enjoys it.
24

Anna Span
Easy on the Eye Productions
Contact Anna Span
Easy on the Eye productions
The Old Bakery
Ashley Gardens,
Rusthall. Tunbridge Wells
Kent, UK
TN4 8TU
Email anna@easyote.co.uk
I put condoms in films when people [actors and
actresses] ask to use them, and also if the story
requires it, like a 1950’s set piece or medical piece.”
Anna Span, Easy on the Eye Productions, UK
Anna Span started shooting porn films after
graduating from art school in 1998. It was there
that she wrote her dissertation ‘Towards a New
Pornography’, in which she considered what
a female perspective on porn would look like.
She sees it as one of the last underdeveloped or
unexplored areas left in film. Since 1999 she has
made television programmes, written books, and
released nearly 30 explicit erotic films, both softcore
and hardcore. Anna calls her films soap operas with
sex, and works to appeal to women who want more
characterization and build-up to the sex, which is
usually missing in other heterosexual films.
She has also broken new ground by not only
including, but featuring, male and female condoms
in some of her films: ‘Uniform Behaviour’, ‘A&O
Department’, and ‘Do the Business’. “I put condoms
in films when people [actors and actresses] ask to
use them, and also if the story requires it, like a 1950’s
set piece or medical piece,” said Span.
But Span admits it is not always easy: there are
challenges with distributors, who are not keen on
condoms in films and see them as less marketable,
and with some actors, who don’t want to lose their
erections by using condoms.
“Using the female condom is very difficult in films. In
‘A & O Department’ and ‘Uniform Behaviour’, none
of the models or crew could follow the instructions
on the back of the pack, regardless of our joint
experiences in the world of sex. It just kept coming
off on the guy’s dick – so we just carried on using
it like it was a normal condom. Interestingly, the
condom almost fit one guy – just goes to show how
big these guys are!”
“As for male condoms, some guys lose their hardons
when they put a condom on, which means they
have to rip it off in order to masturbate and then
start using a new one. Some scenes they get through
seven or eight of them and it makes the day much
longer. Male porn stars become a little desensitized
in their penis, because they use it so much and
because the thrill lessens in time, so using condoms
can make this worse. This is the main problem with
condoms in porn films for me. It means that I have
to be careful what guys I use, which ultimately ends
up with less choice of men for women to view. This
is why I sit on the fence and say that I will include
condoms in a scene if one of the models wants to
use them – or if the story requires them – rather than
include them in all films. I have to balance making
porn for women and being a r esponsible producer.”
...some guys lose their hard-ons when they put a
condom on, which means they have to rip it off in order
to masturbate and then start using a new one. Some
scenes they get through seven or eight of them and it
makes the day much longer.”
Anna Span, Easy on the Eye Productions, UK
25

Chi Chi LaRue
Safe Sex is Hot Sex campaign
for condoms in gay porn
Web www.safesexishotsex.com
What we are seeing now is drastically different [than in
the past]. We are seeing movies with 18-year-old twinks
being gang banged without condoms. We are seeing...
20-year-olds in the UK who have reportedly become
HIV-positive after making their first porn.”
Chi Chi LaRue, Safe Sex is Hot Sex website, USA
Chi Chi LaRue (a.k.a. Larry David Paciotti) is an erotic
film director, drag queen and performer in the USA.
She is considered one of the gay adult industry’s
most successful directors, and also directs straight
and bisexual erotic films. A long-time advocate for
condom use in gay porn, LaRue announced she
would no longer produce films for Vivid Video in 2006
because they adopted a condom-optional policy.
In recent years LaRue created production company
Channel 1 Releasing, which requires actors and
actresses to use condoms in all of its films.
In response to recent reports of a rise in HIV among
gay men and an increase in ‘barebacking’ (anal
sex without condoms) porn, LaRue created a
four-minute video public service announcement
(PSA) explaining the risks of barebacking porn,
and the responsibility of porn consumers to avoid
barebacking porn in order to protect the health and
lives of porn actors. The video features La Rue (both
in drag and as Larry Paciotti) speaking to viewers
about condom use, with the message to ‘wrap it up’
because ‘safe sex is hot sex’, while gay porn video
clips run in the background.
Launched in early 2008, the PSA has been shown
on gay porn sites and blogs, covered by the media,
including the New York Times and the BBC, and
received support from the US Centers for Disease
Control (CDC), the Journal of the American
Medical Association, and other medical and
media organizations.
Said LaRue of her decision to make the PSA (from
www.safesexishotsex.com):
“When I moved to LA in 1987 and took a job in
promotions at Catalina Video, the AIDS crisis was
in full swing. I lobbied hard to … get condoms
on the models. I would like to think that some of
my persuasion helped make condom movies a
reality. Since then, gay porn has helped lead the
way in showing gay men how to use condoms, how
to have safer sex and removed some of the stigma
that was associated with condoms at the time.”
“When I first started seeing barebacking titles
appear, of course I was disappointed and very
outspoken. The fact is that it was pretty obvious to
most that the models ‘appeared’ to be HIV+ and
were having unsafe sex with what ‘appeared’ to
be other HIV+ models. Again not something I have
ever heard was recommended, but in any case,
it is something that does seem to be more readily
practiced in the gay community. What we are
seeing now is drastically different. We are seeing
movies with 18-year-old twinks being gang banged
without condoms. We are seeing ... 20-year-olds
in the UK who have reportedly become HIV+ after
making their first porn.”
26

Fatale Media
Steamy lesbian safer-sex porn
Nan Kinney, President and Producer
Christine Cassidy, Vice President and
Marketing Director
1537 Fourth Street, Suite 193
San Rafael, California 94901
USA
Tel +1 415 454 3291
Email nan@fatalemedia.com or
christi@fatalemedia.com
Web www.fatalemedia.com
Fatale’s goal has always been to portray images of
sexuality that mainstream adult producers overlook,
so exploring and eroticizing safer sex for women fit
perfectly with that goal.”
Nan Kinney, Fatale Media, USA
Fatale Media produces and markets lesbian erotica,
including ‘Safe is Desire’, a safer-sex lesbian film
described as “raw lust and passion with a heart”.
According to Fatale Media President, Nan Kinney,
“Fatale’s goal has always been to portray images of
sexuality that mainstream adult producers overlook,
so exploring and eroticizing safer sex for women fit
perfectly with that goal.”
“In San Francisco in the early 1990s, HIV was taking
a huge toll on the gay community,” explained
Kinney. “Fatale was one of the very few companies
producing porn made by and for lesbians, and
we felt it was important to produce a video that
addressed safer-sex issues and techniques for
lesbians. Although the transmission of HIV between
women is low in numbers, we knew there were other
ways for HIV to affect women; for example, some
lesbians have sex with men, or use needles. And
safer-sex techniques are important not just in
preventing HIV but all the other STDs as well.”
Kinney said that Fatale wanted to show that safersex
techniques don’t have to be a turn-off; they
could be a turn-on. For example, instead of using the
thick dental dams that were recommended for oral
sex, why not have fun with wrapping your partner up
in Saran Wrap [cling film]? Or, changing the condom
on your strap-on makes it easier to switch from anal sex
to vaginal sex and barely miss a beat. According to
Kinney, “These sorts of sexy tricks can really change
people’s attitudes around safer sex.”
Instead of using the thick dental dams that were
recommended for oral sex, why not have fun with
wrapping your partner up in Saran Wrap?”
Nan Kinney, Fatale Media, USA
27

Modern Loving I and II
Hot instructional films for hetero couples
Director Suzanne Noble
Available at www.passion8.com
Slowly and carefully tear open the packet, learn to love
the sound of the tear...”
Suzanne Noble, Modern Loving I and II
Modern Loving I and II are erotic instructional videos
for heterosexual couples that feature sexy safer sex.
They show real couples trying out different sexual
techniques and positions as a way to help viewers
improve their sex lives. The Pleasure Project provided
condom consultancy on set to ensure that the sex is
always safe but the film is still sexy.
Scenes include a woman masturbating with a
female condom; a man using a female condom
for anal sex with his partner; a man going down on
his partner using a dental dam; various examples of
male condoms and lube; and a multitude of nonpenetrative,
super-sexy techniques.
In Modern Loving I, the films narrator instructs: “If
you fancy trying the female condom, ask your man
to give you a hand … The outer ring stays on the
outside and rubs against the clitoris for extra impact.
Your man also gets off by feeling the inner ring rub
against the head of his penis.”
There are also candid comments from the actors and
actresses, with their respective partners. According
to one of the actors, “I enjoyed everything today. For
me it was a first with Femidom [the female condom]
… it was great. I mean, at least I’ve got an idea of
what it looks like and feels like.”
A scene featuring the male condom suggests,
“Slowly and carefully tear open the packet. Learn to
love the sound of the tear.”
The safer sex in the films is a beautiful coincidence and
a subliminal message: that safer sex is sexy. Modern
Loving I and II don’t talk about STIs or HIV; instead they
show safer sex as the norm and as a turn-on.
28

Scarlet
‘Cliterature’ and sexpertise in
a mainstream magazine
Contact Sarah Hedley, Editor
Scarlet Publishing Ltd
9 Rickett Street, Fulham
London, UK
SW6 1RU
Tel +44 20 7835 5554
Web www.scarletmagazine.co.uk
...all [of our] erotic fiction stories feature
condom use. It’s referred to in an evocative
language that invites the reader to be
aroused when they hear the crisp, enticing
tear of the condom packet, the naughty,
sharp twang of rubber... ”
Sarah Hedley, Editor, Scarlet Magazine, UK
Scarlet is a national women’s lifestyle magazine that
incorporates an erotic fiction magazine (Cliterature)
– which aims to promote a safe and full sex life for
women – in a package that also offers fashion,
beauty, celebrity and political features. The Cliterature
section prints readers’ sexy confessions, erotica book
extracts and original erotic fiction from the world’s
leading writers, designed for bedtime reading. The
magazine also features sex toy reviews, ‘sexpertise’
(sex tips) from leading sex educators, and profiles of
iconic female sexual adventurers, such as Anais Nin
and Germaine Greer.
“From the very start, Scarlet has promoted safe sex
through a policy of eroticizing condom use,” explained
its Editor, Sarah Hedley. “We do not feel that lecturing
people about what they already know, or scaring them
with STI statistics is effective in changing the way people
view safe sex … As house policy all erotic fiction stories
feature condom use. It’s referred to in an evocative
language that invites the reader to be aroused when
they hear the crisp, enticing tear of the condom
packet, the naughty, sharp twang of rubber… We don’t
gloss over it – we enjoy it. We indulge in it. By eroticizing
condom use, the presence of condoms becomes part
of sexplay, rather than a problem.”
Elsewhere in the magazine, Hedley explained, they
work closely with leading condom companies to prove
that condoms play a valid role as sex toys, promoting
their various benefits such as helping to prolong sex
and enhance sensation. She has also personally
visited the world’s largest condom production plants
in Bangkok and Barcelona to verify first-hand the
rigorous safety checks and high production values
used in manufacturing the condoms that are sold in
Britain. And Scarlet offers free advertising space to the
Government to promote safer-sex campaigns.
The response from readers, Hedley said, has been
positive, with women saying that the magazine has
changed their views about condom use, and helped
them to use condoms as a way of improving their sex
lives. “Our readers with teenage children have written
to say they let their children read the magazine as
they feel it provides safe, sex-positive education that is
missing in schools today.”
Moving forward, Scarlet would like to help the
Government in planning and developing sex
education in a way that young adults can relate
to and benefit from.
Hedley explained that the magazine had a mixed
response in the beginning. At first, magazine sellers said
that a magazine catering to female sexuality would
not sell because “women just aren’t interested in sex”.
“An utterly laughable notion,” said Hedley. Three years
on, and circulation continues to grow. More and more
vendors are distributing Scarlet and increasing the
number of their stores in which they stock it, to include
major mainstream bookshops and supermarket and
pharmacy chains.
According to Hedley, “If gender stereotyping was
to be used to promote safe sex, then the following
angle could be taken: if men were made to feel that
using condoms made them better in bed (because
women can let go and enjoy themselves without
fear of pregnancy and STIs), then they would be
more inclined to use them; if women knew that men
were more likely to respect a woman who insisted on
condom use, then they may be more inclined to make
condom use mandatory.”
29

...score yourself some packs of PREMIERE condoms
in their Ultra Thin and Dotted varieties. Place them
in a bed-accessible spot to keep the make-out
momentum going and have her take her pick.
Then, once she’s ‘dressed you up,’ ask her what
she wants you to do to her and fulfil her fantasies.”
From DKT Philippines website, www.frenzy.com.ph
social
marketing
30

ProSexHot Website
Bem-Estar Familiar no Brasil
Av. República do Chile
230/17 andar, 20.031-170, Centro
Rio de Janeiro - RJ
Brazil
Tel +55 21 3861 2400
Fax +55 21 3861 2469
Web www.bemfam.org.br
BENFAM (Bem-Estar Familiar no Brasil) is a national
organization providing sexual and reproductive
health and rights services and support throughout
Brazil. In addition to its health services, it has a social
marketing male condom brand called ProSex
(www.prosex.com.br) and a highly provocative sister
site – www.prosexhot.com.br – which sells ProSex
condoms along with a whole range of sex toys and
accessories. The site places condoms and lube
at the top of the list of products, but otherwise it
appears to be an erotic products site, complete with
a steamy photograph of a lingerie-clad woman on
a bed, which appears upon reaching the site. Here
the visitor is notified that the site is for adults only.
Within the site, images of the many sex products on
offer run across the top of the screen. If a visitor clicks
on ‘condoms’, several different ProSex male condoms
and packages appear, while images of erotic DVDs
and games, vibrators, butt plugs, lube, lingerie and
other goodies scroll across the top of the page.
There is no indication that the website is part of the
work of a health organization, which helps to prevent
association of sex with disease and prevention.
31

DKT International
Earth-shaking condom vibes
DKT International
1701 K Street, NW
Suite 900
Washington, DC 20006, USA
Tel +1 202 223 8780
Fax +1 202 223 8786
Email info@dktinternational.org
Web www.dktinternational.org
www.frenzy.com.ph
www.temperospessoais.com.br
It seems almost obvious that pleasure should be a
factor in promoting condoms – they are unique among
contraception in that they are shaped like an erect penis...”
Phillip Harvey, Founder, DKT International
DKT International is a family planning and HIV
prevention social marketing company, with
programmes in 12 countries. According to DKT’s
Founder, Phillip Harvey, “It is logical to make the
association between sexual pleasure and condoms.”
But selling condoms using pleasure messages (what
he calls the ‘pleasure platform’) has been stronger
in an AIDS context than in a family planning context.
“The family planning sector has tried to take sex
out of the contraception dialogue,” he explained.
“Promoting condoms using pleasure in the AIDS
context – rather than the family planning context –
has been both more widely used and accepted, but
we don’t know if it has been more effective.”
While he admits the idea that condoms are not
pleasurable has a lot of truth behind it, Harvey
explained that one survey DKT did with condom
users had a male respondent say that he gets off on
condoms. Harvey said for some people condoms are
a turn-on, but this is not true for the majority. For most,
they feel condoms reduce sensation and pleasure.
“So we try to compensate for this by adding ribbing,
studs, cock rings, etc.”
In the Philippines, DKT’s Premiere brand of male condoms
features the strapline “Hang on for the thrill...” on its
provocative website, with erotic instruction to help
men become fantastic lovers (www.frenzy.com.ph).
It is packed with great sexy tips, such as: ‘Seven
scorching ways to a thrilling vacation’, which includes
“Strengthen your legs through wall [rock] climbing.
It’s a great warm-up to many more positions beyond
missionary!”, followed by “But don’t forget the right
equipment – always keep a pack of Premiere within
reach during sweltering holidays.” That is just a taster
of the sex advice available on the site, which is always
accompanied by sexy reminders to have the ‘right
equipment on hand’ and clever and insightful tips for
negotiating condom use with lovers.
DKT Brazil’s new online erotic store – Temperos Pessoais
(“Personal Spices”), www.temperospessoais.com.br –
sells safer-sex supplies along with sex toys, lingerie and
other erotic accessories. One of its most controversial
campaigns was launched in response to a survey of
men who have sex with men, who said they wanted
a campaign focused on positive things like pleasure
and respect, not disease, and felt condom use should
be portrayed as sexy. In February 2006, DKT Brazil
launched the Affair brand for gay men, including
the Affair Sensation condom – a ‘baggy’ condom,
with more room at the closed end to allow for more
friction at the end of the penis – and Affair waterbased
lube. The Affair marketing campaign featured
sensual images on billboards, point-of-sale materials,
and a website with dance music, a quiz, health
information and sexy images. Billboards with images
of men touching and kissing were taken down when
32

the Advertising Council received “a few complaints
of ‘inappropriately excessive public sensuality’”
during Carnival month (a time when the streets are
filled with excessive public sensuality). The negative
responses, though, generated hot debate in the
media, and sales were up 33% in 2006.
In 2008, DKT Indonesia introduced the Fiesta
Earthquake condom, which comes with a vibrating
cock ring that aims to provide “30 minutes of intense
pleasure for you and your partner”. The campaign
was launched in Jakarta, during a live performance
by Paul Van Dyk, one of the world’s most popular
DJs, which was attended by around 20,000 people.
One week before the launch, DKT distributed Fiesta
Earthquake to Circle K 24-hour mini-markets, and it is
now available in pharmacies and other mainstream
shops. They are promoting it through print advertising
in national lifestyle and men’s magazines, and starting
a campaign called Fiesta Earthquake Event Series –
Disco Fiesta. This will involve DKT staff travelling to four
major cities in Java to hold eight events featuring top
Indonesian DJs. During the discos, sales promotion
‘girls’ will sell the condom at a 40% discount and
offer customers a Fiesta Mix Anthem CD for free.
According to Pierre Frederick, a Brand Manager at
DKT Indonesia, “I am still hesitant to use TV ads for
this product because, if it is over exposed … religious
groups here may complain about this particular
product. In the meantime, we’ll stick with print, radio
and most of all the ‘word of mouth’ campaigns.”
Two-thirds of all social marketing in the world is done
by DKT and Population Services International (PSI),
and a lot of that social marketing (including DKT’s
and PSI’s) uses erotic messages or images to sell
condoms. According to Harvey, “Social marketers
have been out front on this because sex has always
been such an important theme in advertising
generally, and social marketers are marketers.”
33

Female Health Company
Fun sex with female condoms
Contact Robbie Nelson, Director of
Programmes and Sales
Female Health Company
Sovereign Park, Unit One
Coronation Road, Park Royal
London, UK
NW10 7QP
Tel +44 20 8965 2813
Fax +44 20 8453 0324
Email rnelson@femalehealthcompany.com
Web www.www.femalehealth.com
The NGOs we work with, which have had pleasure
trainings from The Pleasure Project, are not only making
it easier for people to talk about condoms, but they are
showing people how sex can be fun with condoms.”
Robbie Nelson, Director of Programmes and Sales, Female Health Company, UK
The Female Health Company (FHC) manufactures,
markets and sells the female condom, the first and
only female-initiated barrier method that is safe
and effective if used correctly and consistently and
provides dual protection against the transmission of
STIs, including HIV, and unintended pregnancy. The
female condom is currently sold or available through
various channels in 108 countries. Currently, there
are public sector female condom programmes in
various stages in more than 90 countries.
“The innovative approach of eroticizing the female
condom is already having an impact,” said Robbie
Nelson, FHC’s Director of Programmes and Sales.
“The NGOs we work with, which have had pleasure
trainings from The Pleasure Project, are not only
making it easier for people to talk about condoms,
but they are showing people how sex can be fun
with condoms.”
According to Robbie Nelson, FHC’s Director of
Programmes and Sales, FHC seeks unique and valid
ways to get men and women to talk about safe
sex, and pleasure-focused work is helping to create
comprehensive approaches that elicit surprise, raise
awareness, and generate discussion around barrier
protective methods. “This is a great way to normalize
and de-stigmatize the female condom.”
FHC has provided key support to organizations
advocating for a more sex-positive, pleasurefocused
approach to the female condom. This
has included supporting counsellors from Positively
Women (www.positivelywomen.org.uk) to receive
pleasure-focused training for the promotion of
female condoms among HIV-positive African
women in London, UK; funding for ‘Sexy tips for
female condoms’ communications materials,
which have been distributed at conferences and
trainings worldwide, and appeared in Positively
Women magazine; support for The Pleasure Project
to promote the female condom as a sex toy at
conferences and other events; and pleasure
promotion of the female condom at the National
African HIV Conference in London in 2008.
The Female Condom, image courtesy of the Female
Health Company website (www.femalehealth.com)
34

Hindustan Latex Limited and Family
Planning Promotion Trust (HLFPPT)
Your passport to ‘The Republic of Pleasure’
Contact Kavitha Potturi,
National Programme Manager
Hindustan Latex Limited and
Family Promotion Trust
Veena Dhari, 3-5-816
2nd Floor, King Koti Road
Hyderbad 500 029
India
Tel +91 40 23230821
Email kpotturi@hlfppt.org
Web www.hlfppt.org and
www.moodsplanet.com
Hindustan Latex Limited (HLL) is an Indian-
Government-owned health care company which
produces and sells male condoms and other health
care products. Its Moods brand of male condoms is
sold in part through the Moods Planet website (www.
moodsplanet.com) – a super-sexy interactive site,
with an online community forum and chat area,
condoms for sale (in the Rubber Room), sex tips and
Q&A, sensual screensavers (at the ‘G-spot’ section
of the site), music downloads (MoodTunes), and
information about safer sex.
In 2007, HLL launched the Crezendo condom,
which features a vibrating (cock) ring at its base
and is marketed as providing “ultimate pleasure by
producing strong vibrations”. The leaflet with the
pack describes it as a “passport to ‘The Republic
of Pleasure’”, and says the ring is designed to take
a couple through a “20-minute joyride through
the realms of vibrating pleasure”. It also includes
information inside that “the vibrating ring can be
used without a condom for self-pleasure.” But
HLL faced strong opposition to Crezendo from
government officials in the state of Madhya Pradesh,
who accused HLL of selling a ‘sex toy’ in the guise
of a condom (the sale of sex toys is illegal in India).
Critics said that the Government should not sell
products to promote sexual pleasure, but only
for reproductive health and HIV prevention. HLL
explained that Crezendo was designed to address
low condom use rates, which surveys showed was
due to people not finding condoms pleasurable.
Fortunately, the controversy generated widespread
publicity and may have contributed to robust sales
of Crezendo, even in Madhya Pradesh. 7
HLL’s social marketing arm, the Hindustan Latex
Family Planning Promotion Trust (HLFPPT), markets
a number of brands, including the Velvet brand of
female condoms, which were introduced after a
previous attempt to promote the Confidom brand of
female condoms without much sales success. Velvet
female condoms feature the strapline “get closer”
and use other elements of pleasure for promotion.
Sales of the female condom have improved since
Velvet was launched, with a 63% re-purchase rate
among users. As of early 2008, HLFPPT had sold
600,000 female condoms in six months in six states in
India – much higher than projected. HLFPPT sells the
product through a variety of channels, including at
parties with Valentine’s Day themes.
Health providers don’t
see sex as pleasurable.
It will need a huge
paradigm shift.”
Kavitha Potturi, National Programme Manager, HLLFPT
In its public sector promotion of Velvet, HLFPPT
uses pleasure as a topic in its workshops and as a
reason to use the female condom. This approach
arose in the initial research on promoting female
condoms, where men were saying they don’t use
male condoms because they are tight and reduce
pleasure. When they were asked to define pleasure
they said ‘warmth, wetness and natural to touch’.
So in its public- and private-sector promotion of
Velvet, HLFPPT emphasizes that the female condom
provides added warmth (the polyurethane it is
made of conducts heat better than latex), better
lubrication (because it can take any kind of lube,
both water- and oil-based) and many people say
it feels more like skin to skin during intercourse. In
the public sector, the HLFPPT markets the female
condom specifically to sex workers who want a
product to use with regular boyfriends, not clients, by
talking about the warmth of the product, the extra
lubrication and how it feels.
According to HLFPPT’s National Programme Manager
Kavitha Potturi, to promote the pleasure benefits of
the female condom: “We should move beyond the
obvious – what else interests people in safer sex? …
[for example,] men like to insert the female condom
into women and find it very exciting.”
When asked if the sexual health practitioners she
works with have any personal barriers to discussing
pleasure, Potturi said, “Health providers don’t see
sex as pleasurable. It will need a huge paradigm
shift. I’ve attended so many trainings where people
tell me only about protection. [HLFPPT] have
consciously moved to the benefits and advantages
of the female condom, not only pleasure, but
better quality of life, confidence, making your own
decisions … it’s a ripple effect: when I make a good
decision it is a turn-on, or if I know I have financial
security it is a turn-on...”
7
http://marketingpractice.blogspot.com/2007/08/crezendo-passport-to-republic-of.html
35

Marie Stopes International Australia
Pinky Bits the Sex Fairy meets the big ‘O’
Contact Alice Clements
Marie Stopes International Australia
PO Box 6308 St Kilda Road Central
Melbourne
Victoria 8008
Australia
Email Alice.clements@mariestopes.org.au
Web www.mariestopes.org.au
Marie Stopes International (MSI) Australia is part of
the global MSI partnership, a UK-based registered
charity providing sexual and reproductive health
care services to people in 38 countries. MSI was
established in London in 1976, and grew out of the
organization originally set up by Dr Marie Stopes, the
family planning pioneer who opened the UK’s first
family planning clinic in 1921.
In 2007, MSI Australia teamed up with feminine
hygiene company Cottons to launch the Vixen male
condom brand, which, according to MSI Australia’s
Alice Clements, was developed in response to the
fact that condoms are generally marketed to men,
and are located near male shaving products in
shops. Vixen condoms are packaged in a stylishly
designed tin that appeals to women and which
slips easily into a handbag, and are being sold
near other feminine hygiene products in shops. The
condoms themselves are ultra-thin and pink, and are
individually packaged within an easy-to-open peelback
pack, as opposed to the traditional foil packet.
Vixen was created as a way for women to be
in control of their sexuality and to reduce their
embarrassment with purchasing and carrying male
condoms. However, the accompanying marketing
resources and clever advertising are the keys to
Vixen’s erotic appeal. The product’s website (www.
comebeautifullyprepared.com) features Pinky Bits
the Sex Fairy, wearing a frilly skirt and spreading her
legs – peacock style – above the strapline ‘Coming,
coming, coming … come beautifully prepared’. In
the animated short video ‘Pinky Bits the Sex Fairy
Meets the Big O’, Pinky Bits “mounts her favourite
pony, Roger...” and goes on a journey filled with
sexual innuendo and euphemism that is funny, sexy
and ends in Pinky Bits finally finding the big ‘O’.
Even the safer-sex information on the Vixen site
is eroticized: “Time to get it on … With the right
technique, rolling the condom on for him can be
sensational foreplay...” and “With a few drops of
(water-based) lube and a couple of swift strokes,
you’ll help him to forget he’s even wearing one.”
Time to get it on... with the right technique, rolling the
comdom on for him can be sensational foreplay...”
Vixen condoms website, Marie Stopes Australia
36

Also, Vixen condoms are being sold to raise funds.
“Do it for charity,” the packaging says. “$1 from
the sale of each pack goes to the Marie Stopes Sex
Appeal – to improve women’s health in developing
countries and Indigenous Australia.” Despite lacking
the marketing budget of its competitors, 13,000 Vixen
condoms were sold in Australia and New Zealand
between May and December 2007, and the launch
is ongoing. Plus, there are indications that some gay
men also find the design of Vixen appealing.
With a few drops of
(water-based) lube and
a couple of swift strokes,
you’ll help him to forget
he’s even wearing one.”
Vixen condoms website, Marie Stopes Australia
Society for Women and AIDS in Africa
The latest erotic accessory
(female condoms!)
Contact Madame Rokhaya NGUER,
National Coordinator
Sicap sacré Coeur II, N° 8792
Dakar BP 7504
Médina
Senegal
Tel +221 824 5178 or +221 864 4626
Fax +221 864 5067
Email swaasenegal@sentoo.sn or
rnguer@sentoo.sn
The Society for Women and AIDS in Africa (SWAA) is the
only pan-African AIDS organization working with and for
women and their families based on locally determined
needs and priorities. SWAA mobilizes communities by
strengthening capacity to prevent, control and mitigate
the impact of the epidemic. Today, SWAA is a network
of 40 grassroots country offices.
SWAA was instrumental in advocating for increased
access to and affordability of female condoms in
their respective countries, as a means for women
to protect themselves from STIs and unwanted
pregnancy. SWAA Senegal was extremely
innovative in the early stages of the distribution of
female condoms, by linking the noise made by the
movement of the polyurethane female condom
during intercourse to the rattling of bine-bine
beads. The beads are an erotic accessory, which
men present to their female lovers to wear around
their hips. This shows a highly creative response to
integrating the features of the female condom into
the local context in an erotic way. As a result, for
some Senegalese men and women, the noise of
the condom was transformed into a sexual turn-on,
rather than a turn-off. SWAA Senegal then marketed
the female condoms with bine-bine beads as
‘the package you need for hot sex’. This was sold
alongside incense, sexy underwear and other erotic
accessories. In addition, they used the notion that
the female condom accommodates a wide range
of penis sizes as an incentive to use them.
In Ghana, SWAA Ghana found that men were telling
their friends about how good the female condom
felt, and even bought female condoms to use
during masturbation.
37

Population Services
International Cambodia
Lube and condoms for slippery and safe sex
Population Services International Cambodia
29, Street 334, PO Box 153
Boeung Keng Kang 1
Chamcar Mon
Phnom Penh
Cambodia
Tel +855 23 210 814/218 846
Web www.psi.org
PSI/Cambodia decided to meet the need for lube by
launching a water-based lubricant product and educational
campaign that focused on the pleasure benefits of lube for
sex workers and men who have sex with men.
Population services International Cambodia (PSI/
Cambodia) uses social marketing to deliver
health products, services and information to lowincome
and other vulnerable people. In 1994, the
organization introduced the Number One brand
of condoms in Cambodia along with an HIV
awareness-raising campaign. As of 2002, Number
One condoms were available in 97% of all brothels in
Cambodia and were the market leader.
While condom availability has increased in Cambodia,
NGOs working with sex workers and men who have
sex with men expressed a great need for water-based
lubricants to be available and affordable, to increase
the comfort and effectiveness of condoms and
thereby encourage their use. Water-based lube can
minimize condom breakage and, therefore, contribute
to safer sex; but it can also increase pleasure for the
penetrator and reduce vaginal and anal friction for
the receptor. PSI/Cambodia decided to meet the
need for lube by launching a water-based lubricant
product and educational campaign that focused on
the pleasure benefits of lube for sex workers and men
who have sex with men.
Water-based lube cannot effectively prevent HIV
transmission on its own, and in fact selling lube as
a stand-alone product can result in higher levels of
unprotected sex. So PSI/Cambodia packaged their
lubricant together with the Number One condom to
create Number One Plus. Through this campaign, PSI/
Cambodia used the power of pleasure to encourage
people to pair condoms with lube as a way to make
condoms feel better and thereby increase their use.
The messaging used to advertise Number One Plus
was a critical part of the campaign’s success. The
key message was that Number One Plus water-based
lubricant, when used with a Number One condom,
makes sex safer and more pleasurable. Other key
messages included: lubricant must be used with a
condom; lubricant improves condoms by increasing
their durability; lubricants are not a luxury item, but
rather a common household good; oil-based lubes
(including hair oil, body cream, cooking oils, baby oil,
and petroleum jelly) can break down latex condoms,
thereby decreasing their effectiveness; how much
lube to use and how to use it.
In addition to PSI/Cambodia’s work with other NGOs
and organizations to get the word out about Number
One Plus, its advertising efforts included television and
radio spots, as well as point-of-sale marketing.
Reaction to the campaign was slow at first,
but steadily improved. Sales have exceeded
expectations. In terms of implementing the
campaign, PSI/Cambodia reports that there were
no problems incorporating pleasure elements into
their work at the Cambodia staff level, but says there
were some concerns about undertaking pleasure
work in their main office. There was, however, some
local resistance to working with men who have sex
with men as a primary target group.
Sales have exceeded expectations... PSI/Cambodia
reports that there were no problems incorporating
pleasure elements into their work at the Cambodia
staff level, but says there were some concerns about
undertaking pleasure work in their main office.
38

Traditionally, safer sex information can be a list of
‘don’t do this, don’t do that ...’ We were trying to get
into the heads of men who may be outside the ‘safer
sex’ culture. It was about finding out why they get
off on this type of transgressive sex, rather than just
focusing on infections and harm.”
Richard Scholey, Terrence Higgins Trust, UK
websites
39

Coalition for Positive Sexuality
Secrets to great sex for teens
Coalition for Positive Sexuality
PO Box 77212
Washington, DC 20013-7212
USA
Tel +1 773 604 1654
Web www.positive.org
...suck, kiss, touch, bite, fondle, nibble, squeeze, and
lick someone’s body, nipples, calves, toes, neck, ass,
dick or vulva ... jerk yourself or each other off, dry or
using lots of lubricant ... kiss for a long time, using lots
of tongue ... have sex in front of mirrors, or watch each
other jerking off ... look at sexy pictures and videos...”
from www.positive.org
The Coalition for Positive Sexuality (CPS) is a grassroots,
not-for-profit, activist organization which provides
teenagers with candid sex education materials via its
website. With the message ‘Just say yes’, CPS’s website
advises teenagers that “There are lots of safe and fun
ways to get off, which you probably won’t learn in
school. You can do many of these things all by yourself
as well as with others, and you can talk about them
even if you don’t want to do them.”
It provides practical, sexy information about how to
have great sex (if you want to) that is also safer sex.
For example: “...suck, kiss, touch, bite, fondle, nibble,
squeeze, and lick someone’s body, nipples, calves,
toes, neck, ass, dick or vulva ... jerk yourself or each
other off, dry or using lots of lubricant ... kiss for a
long time, using lots of tongue ... have sex in front
of mirrors, or watch each other jerking off ... look at
sexy pictures and videos ...”
The website also covers condom usage, use of plastic
wrap for oral sex, and other contraception and safersex
information, and provides a forum for questions
and answers. And CPS has cheeky, sexy posters and
information booklets. One features three teenage
girls whispering to each other, with the strapline ‘The
secret to great sex … water-based lube’.
There are lots of safe and fun ways to get off, which
you probably won’t learn in school. You can do many
of these things all by yourself as well as with others,
and you can talk about them even if you don’t want
to do them.”
from www.positive.org
40

Sexual Health and Family Planning ACT
How lesbians can ‘love her in latex’
Contact Tim Bavinton, Executive Director
Sexual Health and Family Planning ACT
Level 1, 28 University Avenue
Canberra
ACT 2601
Australia
Tel +61 2 6247 3077
Fax +61 2 6257 5710
Email tbavinton@shfpact.org.au
Web www.girl2girl.info
...and to remember or imagine the pleasure of your
lips as you kiss her, the desire aroused by sucking her
nipples or flicking your tongue across her clit. To think of
how your fingers can fill her, or scrape along her back
or snuggle into her arse; how your body can sink into
hers; how a silk blindfold feels against your eyelids...”
from www.girl2girl.info
Sexual Health and Family Planning ACT (SHFPACT)
Inc is a non-profit community organization providing
sexual and reproductive health services to people in
Canberra, Australia. Its definition of ‘safe sex’ goes
beyond preventing STIs and unplanned pregnancy
to include consensual, wanted, pleasurable sex
each time, every time, and in the context of a
positive decision to be sexually active or not, without
fear of social shame or sanction.
SHFPACT takes this sex-positive approach a step
further with its Girl2Girl website (www.girl2girl.info).
This safer-sex website for women who have sex
with women features striking photos of real women
getting it on and enjoying their bodies, along
with sexy, fun and more serious information about
pleasure, safer sex and relationships.
The site invites visitors to think about the wide variety
of different sexual practices that women can
engage in...
“...and to remember or imagine the pleasure of your
lips as you kiss her, the desire aroused by sucking her
nipples or flicking your tongue across her clit. To think of
how your fingers can fill her, or scrape along her back
or snuggle into her arse; how your body can sink into
hers; how a silk blindfold feels against your eyelids...”
This explicit, sexy language carries over into
presenting health information in an erotic way.
“If you have had sex with a woman previously, this
section of the site aims to build on those experiences
so that safer-sex practices can be included in your
list of things which turn you on,” the site says.
Sections include:
• ‘Keeping it wet, keeping it wild’ about the
importance of lube
• ‘Love her in latex’ on how to make condoms
and dental dams sexy and sex safer
• ‘The low down on the down and dirty’, a table
of safer-sex information organized by source of
sexual stimulation (e.g., hands, mouth, sex toys).
• Questions and answers from experts
• Links to other resources for lesbians.
The site aims to be sexy and erotic – not shying away
from explicit talk about sexual practices – but also
covers things like relationships, finding a partner, and
sexual violence among women.
41

Terrence Higgins Trust
‘Hard facts for dirty buggers’
Contact Richard Scholey
Terrence Higgins Trust
314–320 Gray’s Inn Road
London, UK
WC1X 8DP
Email info@tht.org.uk
Web www.hardcell.org.uk
Lots of health resources talk about the risks of oral or
anal sex, for example, but few tell you how to do it,
which our site does... We know that gay men don’t
get any instruction in school on this stuff.”
Richard Scholey, Terrence Higgins Trust, UK
Terrence Higgins Trust (THT) is one of the most wellknown
and respected HIV and AIDS organizations in
the UK, with cutting edge safer sex resources such as
“The Arse Class”, which teaches men who have sex
with men everything they’ve ever wanted to know
about anal sex, health and pleasure.
THT realized they had few resources for the subculture
of men who have sex with men and enjoy bondage,
domination and submission (BDSM), they created
the Hard Cell website. BDSM involves a wide variety
of sexual acts and roles – none of which people
learn about in standard sex education curricula.
And because BDSM, particularly among men who
have sex with men, is highly stigmatized, mainstream
HIV prevention programmes, campaigns and
organizations rarely provide effective information
about how to stay safe while still enjoying it.
With the campaign slogan ‘Hard facts for dirty
buggers’, the website (www.hardcell.org.uk) will
be launched in May 2008, accompanied by erotic
postcards and posters which will be distributed
in BDSM and gay venues, website banner ads on
specific gay men’s websites, and a press release.
To create the website, THT conducted a focus group
with 10 men from the male same-sex BDSM subculture
and found they wanted a resource with a lot of
sexy pictures and detailed information about how
to perform or take part in a wide variety of BDSM
practices. Most importantly, though, they wanted to
feel that the people offering this advice understood
why men get off on BDSM. THT took this advice and
created an extremely explicit site that provides howto
information about sexual acts and safer-sex tips,
along with information about the motivation for and
rewards of engaging in BDSM activities.
This type of explicit, erotic resource for the male
same-sex BDSM community is rare – sites that do
provide information don’t tend to go into detail.
According to Richard Scholey from THT’s gay men’s
health promotion team, “If you really want to know
more than the basics, there’s little out there from
respected health promotion agencies. Lots of health
resources talk about the risks of oral or anal sex, for
example, but few tell you how to do it, which our
site does … We know that gay men don’t get any
instruction in school on this stuff.”
Why does the site need so much detail? Scholey
explained that, on their telephone hotline, they
would get very detailed questions about sexual acts,
questions like ‘can you use urine as an enema during
watersports [sexual play involving urine or enemas]?’
The questions went beyond basic information for
beginners, and to ensure this group of men could
both enjoy sex and practise it safely, it was necessary
to get specific about the sex they would be having
and go beyond standard or glib safer-sex messages.
42

and straight people didn’t socialize at the same
venues, but increasingly nowadays they do, and
the owners of venues don’t want to offend straight
customers with explicit posters. So the Hard Cell
information will be going to men-only sex-orientated
gay venues, and this, Scholey explained, is key to
the campaign: it’s highly targeted and not meant
for the general public, even the general community
of gay men.
“We get accused of perpetuating stereotypes with
our images … but in the days when our leaflets
didn’t show any flesh, men didn’t read them … We
do have to be careful not to violate obscenity laws
in the UK, so we may have lawyers review our more
explicit materials before dissemination.”
For other organizations, Scholey advises: “Anyone
who’s going to do saucy, racy stuff needs to
consider their legal position regarding obscenity. In
Britain, if you can show you have a health aim for
your materials, you are covered.”
This sort of detail might be ‘overload’ for some
groups, but the men in the BDSM same-sex
community are often very sophisticated, explained
Scholey, with expansive sexual experience behind
them. For some other populations, “Keeping it
simple may be better; otherwise you make sex
seem like a minefield.” In work with young gay men,
for example, THT finds it important to accentuate
the positive, but this level of detail and this type of
information would be totally unsuited.
THT has made a conscious decision not to use its
branding on the site because they feel it could
put people off if the site is heavily promoted as the
work of ‘the condom police’, as some might see
the organization. But the organization also feels it
is important to acknowledge that THT is behind the
site, which will be made clear in the launch press
release. THT hopes that by doing so, perceptions of
the organization may change among those who think
sexual health promotion is irrelevant or a ‘turn-off’.
However, Scholey explained that they have never
had any pressure to tone things down from the
Department of Health. The gay press, he says, is
different: in an attempt to become more credible
and acceptable, they have clamped down on full
frontal nudity and some explicit imagery, which
recently led to a THT safer-sex campaign not running
in some gay magazines.
“Some pressure groups also monitor what we put
out, looking for something to get ‘scandalized’
over.” And some of the mainstream press has
caused problems in the past for agencies doing
supposedly ‘controversial’ sexual health promotion
for gay men. “A lot of people won’t understand why
we’re doing it, including a lot of gay men who may
not approve,” he said. “But you can’t not meet a
need just because some people, who don’t have
that need, might be offended.”
There are also challenges with publicizing materials
explicitly aimed at gay men. In the past, gay men
43

Victorian AIDS Council/
Gay Men’s Health Centre
Helping gay men ‘get off’ on tea towels
Victorian AIDS Council/
Gay Men’s Health Centre
6 Claremont St
South Yarra
Victoria 3141
Australia
Tel +61 9865 6700
Web www.protection.org.au
Some images were also printed onto tea towels and
distributed at parties, another way of getting the
safer-sex message into homes. They have received
feedback that the tea towels, in particular, are great
talking points in men’s homes.
Researchers in Australia found that there had been
an increase in HIV prevalence since 2000 and that
many new cases of HIV were among men who are
aware of safer-sex messages, know that condoms
prevent HIV, and are older. So the Victorian AIDS
Council (VAC) launched a unique campaign with
the message: ‘You can have lots of good sex and
use condoms’.
VAC’s campaign featured a super-sexy, explicit
website targeted specifically at older men in the
gay community. The programme’s managers
explained that it is much better to do a sexy safersex
campaign if it is targeted, because sexual
pleasure is so subjective. The erotic images used
on the website and other materials were provided
for free by Australia’s only self-proclaimed safer-sex
gay porn site, www.hothouse.com. The owner of
Hothouse said he supported the campaign because
the gay community wanted messages, not from the
doctor or the Ministry of Health, but “from someone
who was doing it”. The images are highly erotic,
with a banner of safer-sex information covering the
models’ genitals.
In addition to information about ‘The basics’ and
‘Testing’, the website includes pages entitled ‘Sexual
Adventurism’ (about fisting, orgies, blindfolds and
gags, bondage and sado-masochism, and more, in
a safe and sexy way), ‘Staying Hard’ (how to keep it
up with condoms), and ‘In the Heat of the Moment’
(how to slip safer sex into sex play in a sexy way).
VAC found that posters with the sexy images and safersex
messages, which were used at sex parties, were
removed from venues after couple of days. They felt
this was good news because it meant the information
was getting into people’s homes, and hopefully, their
bedrooms. Some images were also printed onto tea
towels and distributed at parties, another way of
getting the safer-sex message into homes. They have
received feedback that the tea towels, in particular,
are great talking points in men’s homes.
In addition to these materials, VAC produced a
booklet with the homepage image, featuring a
scratch-off banner that covers the men’s genitals.
People can scratch off the banner, like a lottery
card, to reveal the sexy bits underneath.
...the gay community wanted messages, not from the
doctor or the Ministry of Health, but “from someone who
was doing it”. The images are highly erotic, with a banner
of safer-sex information covering the models’ genitals.
about the Victorian AIDS Council’s sexy HIV prevention campaign for gay men (www.protection.org.au), Australia
44

If this delicate, taboo thing – sexual pleasure –
could be negotiated by women, then almost
anything can be negotiated (...and that idea
gave me multiple orgasms!).”
Dorothy Aken’ Ova, INCRESE, Nigeria
sex education
programmes,
training and
workshops
45

Community Life Project
Helping husbands become better lovers
Contact Ngozi Iwere, Project Director
Community Life Project
9 Ilori Street, Off Ire-Akari Estate Road
Isolo
Lagos
Nigeria
Tel +234 1 791 3759, 0803 404 0077
Email clpnig@yahoo.com
There has been no resistance within the Churches,
because you can find a lot of things within the Church
to support pleasure in marriage ...The success of this
work is the whole package – it succeeds because it is
in the broader framework of relationships.”
Ngozi Iwere, Project Director – Community Life Project, Nigeria
The Community Life Project (CLP) offers educational
programmes on a wide range of issues to families,
couples, trade associations, churches, mosques,
hospitals, and schools. According to Project Director
Ngozi Iwere, several of its projects involve working on
issues of pleasure in marriage with communities and
with Catholic organizations.
CLP works with couples by focusing on why men
seek sex outside marriage, and engaging the men in
dialogue and learning. “In this process of exploring
fidelity we’ve learned that impotence is a huge issue
for men. It’s something they want to know more
about, and it’s also one of the factors encouraging
them to start sexual relationships outside their
marriages, in particular with younger women.” 8 CLP
teaches men about sexual pleasure in the context
of marriage. “With couples, it wasn’t that the men
didn’t want to be faithful to their wives; it was that
the sex wasn’t fulfilling for them,” said Iwere. CLP’s
couples project helps men to become better at
meeting their wives’ needs and increasing their
wives’ pleasure. This can then increase the likelihood
of fidelity and, therefore, lower risk behaviour.
Iwere said that to engage men in this process,
“You couldn’t just talk about HIV.” The men wanted
to know about sex and about drug use, and this
dialogue led them to discussions about sexual
fulfilment and the options that are available.
“...We do talk about what turns people on,”
explained Iwere, “not by way of giving a list of
turn-ons, but we talk about the fact that different
people are turned on by different things, and
different parts of the body excite people differently.
We let them appreciate the fact that it wouldn’t
help to compare their spouses to previous sexual
partners and assume that a particular type of
foreplay or touch or part of the body which turned
on a previous lover will necessarily have a similar
or the same effect on the spouse. There is a need
to understand the uniqueness and individuality of
everyone and take time to understand each other’s
body and what gives pleasure.”
She said CLP also teaches that communication about
pleasure does not necessarily have to be verbal
– body language is important. “They need to pay
attention to how a spouse responds to touch; we call
it listening with the body and the heart … they can
learn a lot about what excites and what puts off the
other … We talk about orgasm and how to achieve
it together as much as possible or how to ensure
that the woman achieves orgasm no matter what
phase of her reproductive life she is in – pregnancy,
breastfeeding, pre- or post-menopausal.”
8
From an interview given to the International Women’s Health Coalition (http://www.iwhc.org/programs/africa/nigeria/iwereinterview.cfm)
46

CLP found women, as well as men, wanted a more
fulfilling sexual life, “But the men expected the
women to be more open to pleasure, while the
women thought the men didn’t want them to know
about pleasure,” explained Iwere. So CLP helped
the couples to communicate. “We were working
with the men, and then we asked them to bring
their spouses. We organized parties, rather than a
workshop or meeting, with the aim of sensitizing
more people to these issues.”
They also provided basic education. For example,
some of the women didn’t know what orgasm was,
so CLP developed a training module about women’s
orgasm, but which still had its focus on how to
improve the marriage.
“There has been no resistance within the Churches
because,” she explained, “you can find a lot of
things within the Church to support pleasure in
marriage … The success of this work is the whole
package – it succeeds because it is in the broader
framework of relationships.”
According to Iwere, many of the 4000 couples
CLP has worked with so far find the programme
beneficial because, they say, they did not learn this
stuff at school or anywhere else.
In its work with Churches, CLP created a training
module based on Catholic principles and beliefs.
They put in information about human sexuality,
violence and sexual pleasure in terms of its
connection to other marital issues, for example, by
pointing out that women often weren’t interested
in sex when they were over-worked with domestic
chores. As far as safer sex is concerned, Iwere says
they reached agreement with a priest to tell couples
about all methods of family planning, but to inform
them that the Catholic Church only supports natural
family planning. This allows the couples to make
informed decisions.
We do talk about what turns people on, not by way
of giving a list of turn-ons, but we talk about the
fact that different people are turned on by different
things, and different parts of the body excite people
differently. We let them appreciate the fact that it
wouldn’t help to compare their spouses to previous
sexual partners and assume that a particular type of
foreplay or touch or part of the body which turned
on a previous lover will necessarily have a similar
or the same effect on the spouse. There is a need
to understand the uniqueness and individuality of
everyone and take time to understand each other’s
body and what gives pleasure.”
Ngozi Iwere, Project Director – Community Life Project, Nigeria
47

CARE Cambodia – the fine art (and
facts) of pleasure proficiency
Contact: Ms. Socheat Chi, Reproductive
Health Manager
CARE International in Cambodia
52, Street 352, PO Box 537
Boeung Keng Kang 1
Chamcar Mon
Phnom Penh
Cambodia
Tel +855 23 215 2679
Fax +855 23 426 233
Email care.cam@bigpond.com.kh
The training involved creating a safe space for the
trainees using exercises that informed them about
issues such as anatomy, as well as got them laughing
and sharing their thoughts with each other about
sensitive subjects such as orgasm and condoms.”
about the CARE Cambodia/The Pleasure Project pleasure proficiency training
CARE International is one of the world’s leading
private development and relief organizations,
operating in nearly 70 countries. CARE Cambodia
works in partnership with disadvantaged
communities as they strive to build self-reliance and
make sustainable improvements in their livelihoods
and environment.
CARE Cambodia has developed a unique
understanding of the health problems faced by
garment workers and is addressing these issues in
association with factory owners as part of the Sewing
a Healthy Future project. This project aimed to
develop local capacity to meet the needs of 50,000
young garment factory workers (predominantly
female) for HIV prevention and family planning
information and services. Vulnerability due to
migration, linked with misconceptions about sexual
health issues and lack of awareness of appropriate
health services increases sexual risk among this group.
The training involved creating a safe space for the
trainees using exercises that informed them about
issues such as anatomy, as well as got them laughing
and sharing their thoughts with each other about
sensitive subjects such as orgasm and condoms.
Some of the workshop was designed around the
expressed needs of the trainees, focusing on the
things they most had questions about, such as male
and female sexual response and how men and
women can please each other sexually.
The culmination of the project was a series of
exercises that CARE Cambodia could use as part
of their regular training curriculum for sexual and
reproductive health staff.
CARE Cambodia’s Playing Safe project was
designed to contribute to improved reproductive
and sexual health among 20,000 young urban males
in Phnom Penh. In addition to promoting safe and
responsible sexual behaviour among men, it sought
to increase young men’s use of health services.
In 2004, Care International, with The Pleasure Project,
proposed a joint range of activities to provide
the first sex-positive, pleasure-promotion training
package in Cambodia as part of the Sewing a
Healthy Future and Playing Safe projects, as well
as for other CARE programmes. This involved
research into sex-positive initiatives; a ‘pleasure
audit’ of CARE Cambodia’s existing training
curriculum; development of a ‘pleasure proficiency’
training module; and a three-day ‘Sex, Safer Sex
and Pleasure’ training for CARE’s sexual health
educators, facilitated by The Pleasure Project and
CARE Cambodia’s training staff.
Sexual pleasure brainstorming exercise
from a training in Cambodia
48

The Humsafar Trust
Condom competitions and other
sex play for gay men
Contact Ashok Row Kavi, Chairperson
The Humsafar Trust
Old BMC Bldg, 1st & 2nd Floor
Nehru Road, Vakola, Santacruz (East)
Mumbai – 400055
India
Tel +91 22 26673800
Fax +91 22 26650547
Email humsafar@vsnl.com or
arowkavi@vsnl.in
Web www.humsafar.org
The Humsafar Trust was set up in April 1994 to reach out
to the gay population in the Mumbai metropolitan and
surrounding areas. Today it works towards a holistic
approach to the rights and health of sexual minorities
and promoting rational attitudes to sexuality.
One of the strategies used by Humsafar is to reduce
the incidence of unprotected anal sex or make it
protected by demonstrating the pleasurable use of
lubricants and condoms. This is especially significant
because the construction of pleasure around lubes
for gay men has existed for a long time. Methods
used by Humsafar include taking the focus away
from anal sex by using, for example, body mapping.
This helps participants understand and discuss the
many different points of pleasure on the human
body. This helps to eroticize the entire body and
move people away from the focus on penetrative
sex. It also helps to alleviate anxiety and problems
related to premature ejaculation, which can
traumatize some men.
pleasure with regard to safer sex. The success of
programmes is based on monitoring by the donors,
but since the money is not being given for pleasure,
they want to know why lubes are being used for ‘fun’!
However, according to Ashok Row Kavi,
Chairperson for the organization, safer sex cannot
be addressed adequately without including
pleasure. Humsafar uses a diagram with four circles
representing the four essential aspects of sexuality:
sexual orientation, behaviour, identity and pleasure.
All four are required for a ‘balanced’ human being,
and unless all four circles are addressed, it would not
be possible to adequately address safer sex.
A study by Humsafar in 1990 found that condom
use for receptive anal sex among men in one of
their project areas was about 40%, which has now
been brought up to 80%, but has stopped there
because the concentration of activities was only on
HIV prevention. Now, to increase this percentage,
the focus has shifted to pleasure or masti (playful
experimentation) and on reducing the number of
partners, while using lubes, condoms and other
forms of sex. Another technique is to conduct
‘condom-wearing competitions’ based on pleasure
and speed, where participants are blindfolded.
Despite the fact that 80% of HIV transmission takes
place through sex, government funding means that
Humsafar cannot always report on work done on
SEXUAL
ORIENTATION
SEXUAL
PLEASURE
SEXUAL
BEHAVIOUR
SEXUAL
IDENTITY
Despite the fact that 80% of HIV transmission takes
place through sex, government funding means that
Humsafar cannot always report on work done on
pleasure with regard to safer sex.
49

Empowerment Concepts
Sex and pleasure counselling
in faith-based communities
Contact David Patient
Empowerment Concepts
P O Box 13043
Nelspruit 1200
South Africa
Tel +27 13 752-2564
Fax +27 83 226-9466
Email david@empow.co.za
Web www.empowermentconcepts.com
One exercise was a ‘build your own dildo competition’
which required all participants to create a dildo for
condom demonstration purposes out of a variety of
materials. The Catholic nuns won the competition
hands-down!”
David Patient, Empowerment Concepts, South Africa
Empowerment Concepts was formed in 1995 to
provide a vehicle for combining the knowledge
and experience of Neil Orr – Research Psychologist
– and David Patient – one of the longest surviving
people living with HIV in the world. Neil and David
have created and delivered numerous interventions
since 1995 in both the corporate and development
sectors. Among its many activities, Empowerment
Concepts helps organizations to build capacity in
confronting the AIDS pandemic.
One of its most innovative programmes was the Vida
Positiva (Positive Living) programme in Mozambique.
One of the aims of the programme was to promote
safer sex among couples by tackling the primary
reasons that married men said they were having sex
outside of their marriages: because they were bored
with their sex lives at home, which generally included
one or perhaps two positions at most. Many men
said that they would like better and more diverse sex
at home, and that it would change their behaviour
with regard to extramarital sex.
When the wives were asked why they refuse to
have sex other than in the standard position, their
response was “I am never asked what I like in sex,
if I like sex and if I even want sex, so why should I
do anything that gives him pleasure? He doesn’t
care about me and my sexual needs, so I will simply
lie there and let him do his business. If he wants
pleasure, then he must use a working girl.”
According to Patient, when a man asks his wife to
have sex in anything but the standard missionary
position, she often accuses him of treating her like a
sex worker and is offended. Family and community
members may view this as a sign of disrespect. So
the man justifies having sex outside his marriage by
saying “I want better sex with my wife, but she won’t
let me have it.”
To address this problem, Vida Positiva trainers
advocated for local Churches – including Catholic
Churches – to teach couples better sex by getting
both partners to talk openly about what they like
and don’t like about sex. “Make sex amazing within
the relationship,” they reasoned, “and men will not
stray as much.” Thus, the number of sex partners
can be reduced – a primary means of lowering STI/
HIV transmission.
Vida Positiva trainers explained to Church members
the importance of talking more openly about sex
and helped them understand that open dialogue
among married couples about sex and pleasure
is not a threat to culture, religion or people’s
sensibilities. Also, they emphasized that, in fact, it
is the moral obligation of the Church to facilitate
this process, since marriage – which most religions
promote – is putting people (especially women) at
increased risk of contracting HIV. The arguments the
trainers used to persuade Church representatives
to take on sex- and pleasure-focused couples
counselling included the following:
• All mainstream religions strongly discourage
infidelity, but to pretend that committed
relationships will endure through simple ‘thou
shalt not’ proscriptions is an illusion. Moreover, in
a time when marriage can increase a woman’s
risk of contracting HIV, it is a deadly illusion.
50

All mainstream religions strongly discourage infidelity,
but to pretend that committed relationships will
endure through simple ‘thou shalt not’ proscriptions
is an illusion. Moreover, in a time when marriage can
increase a woman’s risk of contracting HIV, it is a
deadly illusion.
• It is important to update commitments to
protecting the sanctity of marriage and get
more involved in the mechanics of the process.
Married people need help, and they need it
from people they trust.
• Religious representatives were asked to
imagine the following scenario: a young couple
approaches their families to inform them that
they are in love and intend to marry. The families
make an appointment with the minister/priest
of their religion and, over the next six months –
individually at first, and then later as a couple
– the two are given instructions in the art of
relationships, trust, communication and sex. They
don’t have sex until they get married. The couple
discuss love, love-making, fears, pleasures,
children, their future, and a range of issues that
create an intimate bond of understanding and
trust. During the first few months of marriage, the
instruction continues, with exercises to enhance
sexual experiences and to consolidate trust and
communications. Breathing and muscle control
exercises are included to prolong orgasm, and
they are given information about the difference
between orgasm and ejaculation and a range
of other issues that ensures that the sexual
experience between the husband and wife is
of such a nature that sex outside of marriage
becomes unthinkable.
In addition to presenting convincing arguments to
spiritual/religious representatives, Vida Positiva trainers
also worked to increase their knowledge of and comfort
with sexual topics and information. One exercise
was a ‘build your own dildo’ competition which
required all participants to create a dildo for condom
demonstration purposes out of a variety of materials.
The Catholic nuns won the competition hands-down!
Overall, Patient and Orr say that putting HIV,
gender and equity issues into a context that Church
representatives can understand and introducing
topics related to people’s sex lives in a nonthreatening
way were the first steps to enabling these
sexually inactive people to address issues of sex.
While Empowerment Concepts’ role in the programme
ended several years ago, their work on the Vida
Positiva programme remains a useful example of
how to harness the power of sexual pleasure within
traditional and conservative environments.
...Vida Positiva trainers advocated for local Churches –
including Catholic Churches – to teach couples better
sex by getting both partners to talk openly about what
they like and don’t like about sex. “Make sex amazing
within the relationship,” they reasoned, “and men will
not stray as much.”
David Patient, Empowerment Concepts, South Africa
51

INCRESE (International Centre for
Reproductive Health and Sexual Rights)
Pleasure, empowerment...
and multiple orgasms!!
Contact Dorothy Aken ‘Ova
INCRESE
1E Bosso Road, Beside Fire Service, (P.O. Box 904)
Minna 930001
Niger State, Nigeria
Tel +234 66 223 119
Fax +234 66 223 119
Email increse2001@yahoo.co.uk
Web www.increse-increse.org
People thought we were wasting time talking about
sex and pleasure, when maternal mortality is so high …
But I was convinced that if this delicate, taboo thing –
sexual pleasure – could be negotiated by women, then
almost anything can be negotiated (...and that idea
gave me multiple orgasms!)”
Dorothy Aken’ Ova, INCRESE, Nigeria
The International Centre for Reproductive Health and
Sexual rights (INCRESE) is a Nigerian NGO working to
improve the environment for and expand access to
sexual health and rights information and services. One
of its primary areas of work is to increase women’s
sexual pleasure as a way to reduce domestic violence,
HIV and other STIs, and unwanted pregnancy.
Despite a common belief in the sexual health and HIV
prevention sector that focusing on sexual pleasure
is impossible in religious or culturally conservative
environments, INCRESE is showing that it can be done:
its offices are in a Sharia state, where jurisdiction is
based on Muslim law.
According to Dorothy Aken’ Ova, Founder of
INCRESE, through its research the organization found
that traditional sexuality educators focus on men’s
pleasure and the problems men encounter which
reduce their pleasure; for example, they discuss the
creams and herbs a woman can use to increase
men’s satisfaction. At the same time, explains Aken’
Ova, “Women are not supposed to be enjoying
Despite a common belief in the sexual health
and HIV prevention sector that focusing on sexual
pleasure is impossible in religious or culturally
conservative environments, INCRESE is showing that
it can be done: its offices are in a Sharia state, where
jurisdiction is based on Muslim law.
52

sexual relations.” She told a story of a man who
divorced his wife because she was moaning during
sex. “A woman is considered to be of low virtue if she
asks for sex.” In fact, women were often beaten if
they asked for sex from their husbands.
Aken’ Ova and the INCRESE staff see their focus
on women’s sexual pleasure as a step towards
empowerment and a way to reduce violence. They
have found that men didn’t know what women’s
sexual needs were – the men thought that their
ejaculation caused pleasure, so they didn’t want to
use condoms. The men also thought that long-lasting
erections equalled pleasure.
Aken’ Ova and her staff, however, have also found that
men are willing to learn how to pleasure their wives, and
many even ask why their wives didn’t tell them before!
But the reality is that most of the men hadn’t asked in a
way that the woman could tell them, and the women
didn’t want to dash their husband’s egos, especially,
said Aken’ Ova, “When he’s not even asking me if I
‘came’ at all, but how many times I came!”
people pleasure. INCRESE instructors encourage the
participants to discuss what they enjoy and what they
don’t. For example, women who have undergone
female genital mutilation (FGM) are often made to
feel as if their sex life is over, so Aken’ Ova and her
staff work to restore the woman’s confidence and self
esteem, then help her to understand how to discover
other erogenous zones, use lubricants, and engage
in more intense foreplay. One husband participant
explained that, no matter what he tried, his partner
was not experiencing pleasure, and he didn’t know
that she had undergone FGM because he did not
know what a ‘normal’ vulva looked like.
The staff at INCRESE realized that to teach couples to
have good sex they needed to create a harmonious
relationship, free of violence, and to teach pleasure
they had to teach how to seduce and flirt. So the
next manual in the series covers these topics. “Often
there are fewer fights between husbands and wives
because they spend the whole day trying to seduce
each other,” explained Aken’ Ova.
INCRESE instructors encourage the participants to
discuss what they enjoy and what they don’t. For
example, women who have undergone female
genital mutilation (FGM) are often made to feel as if
their sex life is over, so Aken’ Ova and her staff work
to restore the woman’s confidence and self esteem,
then help her to understand how to discover other
erogenous zones, use lubricants, and engage in
more intense foreplay.
Initially, INCRESE started discussions with a group of
women, and then decided they needed to include
the men – if they work with women alone, men fear
the women will become unruly and want sex outside
of marriage. They set up their Couples Support Project,
which includes an initial baseline study in a community,
followed by giving feedback on the results, and
providing information about sexual health and rights.
After that, they ask couples to register for the couples
programme, aiming to get both partners to come to
the sessions. If a man is polygamous, they have him
register with one of his wives. They then use a series of
unique pleasure-oriented sexuality education manuals
which they designed for use with couples.
The first manual focuses on anatomy and physiology,
to enable the couples to come to terms with their
bodies. “What does your vulva look like?” they ask,
and instruct participants to go home and look at
and touch their own bodies. Other manuals are on
the human sexual response cycle and human sexual
behaviour, including the diverse things that give
They give the couples take-home assignments that
focus on issues related to risk. The exercises are very
intimate, and through them people learn how to
communicate, touch and discuss what feels good.
The men learn that their wives cannot relax if the man
is seeing other women, and that the women will have
less pleasure if they are afraid of STIs or unwanted
pregnancy. They learn about dual protection methods
to prevent both infections and pregnancy.
To augment the training, INCRESE has a wooden
cabinet filled with sex toys, which the staff uses to
teach couples how to increase pleasure for each
other. INCRESE also provides counselling on a one-toone
basis, addressing issues such as sexual dysfunction,
masturbation, and relationship problems.
The sex educators at INCRESE are screened before
they are allowed to teach. They must address their
own sexual history and maturity, which they explore
using a ‘sexual mapping’, a values-clarification
exercise and a follow-up meeting to ensure they have
adequately dealt with any of their own sexual issues.
53

Institute of International Social Development
The Kama Sutra for sex workers
Institute of International Social Development
P65 Lake View Road
Calcutta 700029, India
Tel +91 33 2466 2056; +91 33 2466 5597;
+91 33 2466 6735; +91 33 2466 4014
Fax +91 33 2463 9372
The Institute of International Social Development
(IISD) is an NGO in India working for the prevention
and treatment of HIV and AIDS, and to support
sex workers and other groups in Calcutta and
surrounding rural areas. With support from the
Government in India’s West Bengal State, it has
offered training to sex workers based on the Kama
Sutra. IISD found that many sex workers were seeing
up to five clients each day, and each encounter
put them at risk of STIs like HIV, and unwanted
pregnancy. In an effort to help sex workers give
pleasure to clients while also reducing the risk of
infection and pregnancy, IISD encouraged the sex
workers to give clients more than just intercourse,
such as dancing and non-penetrative sex, inspired
by many of the illustrations in the Kama Sutra.
In situations where clients refuse to use condoms, learning
non-penetrative sex and erotic techniques enables
sex workers to provide pleasure without intercourse.
The People’s Health Organisation
‘More positions with one partner...’,
the Kama Sutra for sex workers
Contact Dr. Ishwar S. Gilada,
Secretary General
The People’s Health Organisation
Email gilada@usa.net or
ihoaids@vsnl.com
The People’s Health Organisation is an NGO lead
by Dr. Ishwar S. Gilada, a leading Indian AIDS
campaigner and founder of the Saheli project,
which educates sex workers in India. Gilada has
used the Kama Sutra to teach safer sex, promoting
the idea that ‘many postures with one is better
than one posture with many’ to express a unique
prevention message. Trainings with sex workers
are based on discussion and education about the
benefits of erotic pleasure as detailed in the Kama
Sutra, as a means for keeping a client satisfied
without penetrative sex, and ultimately reducing the
number of clients a sex worker has without reducing
income. According to Gilada:
The Kama Sutra is not a pornographic work. It is the art
of living for the civilized and refined citizen, completing
the sphere of love, eroticism and the pleasures of life.
Within Hinduism sex is sacramental, essential to life,
and so worthy of serious study.”
Dr. Ishwar S. Gilada, The People’s Health Organisation, India
54

Making Sex Work Safe workshops
Sex workers share tips for safe sex
and client satisfaction
Contact Cheryl Overs
The Asia Pacific Network of Sex Workers
Email cherylovers@gmail.com
Web http://apnsw.org
A Mongolian sex worker once said the workshop led
her to see that just telling people to use condoms is
like telling someone to use a saddle to ride a horse –
‘there’s a lot more to both safe sex and horse riding!”
Cheryl Overs, Trainer, Australia/Asia
The Making Sex Work Safe workshops were designed
with the Asia Pacific Network of Sex Workers to
build the capacity of sex workers. They have been
conducted in nine countries with sex workers from
throughout Asia, and more recently in Africa.
The guiding principle of the course is for sex workers
themselves to articulate and analyse the human
rights and health issues that make them vulnerable
to HIV, violence and human rights abuses. The safe
sex part of the curriculum engages with and builds
upon the power and successes sex workers already
have by harnessing their expertise. This enables them
to develop the skills needed to survive and earn a
living by providing commercial sexual services.
According to Cheryl Overs, one of the creators of
the Making Sex Work Safe workshops, “Levels of
success at safe sex vary enormously among sex
workers … but therein may lie the key to the success
of the workshops: in any group of sex workers there
are almost always women who achieve safe sex
little of the time or never, some who have moderate
success, and some who attain 100% condom use
with customers, even in places where condoms
are not the norm. This makes pooling and sharing
knowledge and safe sex tips uniquely valuable.”
The workshops begin by talking about what sex
workers want from commercial transactions and
differentiating that from sex with private partners.
“Then we talk about what clients want. This sets us
up to address ways to reduce the length of time
and the intrusiveness of the commercial transaction,
while keeping it safe and providing the pleasure and
excitement that drives tips and return customers,”
explained Overs. “We do this through lots of different
exercises aimed – not just at negotiating safe sex –
but at doing safe sex.”
In one exercise, participants identify a set of real life
‘safe-sex problems’, which typically include things
like not having access to a bed and a condom, or
the client not having a strong enough erection for a
condom, being too drunk or deliberately breaking
a condom. Then the sex workers work in pairs to
articulate the ‘safe-sex solutions’ which can be used
in those situations. These strategies include:
• ways to apply and maintain condoms
• positions that reduce friction and limit clients’
access to breasts, mouth and vagina
• non-penetrative alternatives
• ways to make clients ejaculate most quickly
• ...and much more.
These are usually acted out in hilarious sessions
before becoming tips in training manuals, booklets
or flipcharts, and the evaluation of these sessions
has shown the highest possible ratings, said Overs.
Sometimes responses from sex workers have been
angry, such as ‘why are endless lectures, and
watching people rolling a condom on to a wooden
penis, the only form of safe sex training we get as sex
workers? Why is this quality of training not available
to all sex workers?’ A very old woman working as a
cleaner in India, who had observed the workshop,
went further. To our amazement she dashed in to
the feedback session and demanded that such
explicit sex education should be available to all
women because “all women have to handle men”.
According to Overs, “We thought she was going to
complain about the fake orgasm demonstration!”
Some of the unique concepts behind the Making
Sex Work Safe workshops are adapted from the
global Network of Sex Work Projects (NSWP) 1997
book Making Sex Work Safe: a guide for programme
managers, field workers and policy makers.
55

MEXFAM
Promoting a ‘Vida Erótica y Protegida’
(Erotic and Protected Life)
Contact Ofelia Aguilar
Fundacion Mexicana para la Planeacion
Familiar A.C. (MEXFAM)
Juárez 208, Col. Tlalpan
Mexico D.F. 14000, Mexico
Tel +52 (55) 5487-0030
Fax +52 (55) 5487-0042
Web mexinfo@mexfam.org.mx
Our approach is showing them that the condom...
can generate pleasure... it’s like an invitation to
improve your sex life!”
Ofelia Aguilar, MEXFAM
MEXFAM is the national family planning association
in Mexico, which works in 25 of the 32 Mexican
states with the mission to provide quality family
planning and reproductive health services and sex
education. MEXFAM’s Gente Joven (Young People)
programme reaches teenagers in their communities and
trains some of them to be youth promoters to counsel
their peers about family life and reproductive health.
In 2003, MEXFAM began a series of workshops called
‘Erotic and Protected Life’ which focus on pleasure,
love, respect, communication, and safe and
protected sex. The workshop was designed to enable
participants (young people, men and women, from all
sexual orientations and HIV status) to develop abilities
to achieve greater eroticization and sexual pleasure
during their encounters, in a way that is protected from
STIs and HIV. Using games, participants learn about a
wide range of condoms – different colours, odours, forms,
textures, and latex dams for oral sex – as well as about
sensual safer-sex practices like massage. The workshop is
divided into two sections: specific techniques for safe sex
and other techniques for protected sex.
Safe sex consists of individual and shared sexual
eroticization, through kisses, caresses, rubbing, words,
aromas, massages, etc. It does not include vaginal,
anal or oral penetration, and involves avoiding
contact with sexual fluids, although these may touch
healthy, uninjured skin. In the case of stimulation with
fingers, it is important to use finger cots (a device
resembling a male condom used to cover the
fingers) or latex gloves, as well as flavoured or natural
lubricants, to make safe sex feel good.
you change everything … the [traditional] messages
about condom use are always negative and focused on
preventing illnesses or pregnancies … by our change
of focus you gain better possibilities of acceptance...”
These workshops have been held for young people as
well as service providers (doctors, nurses, psychologists)
youth promoters, parents and teachers – all of whom
have responded favourably and indicated they
enjoyed themselves and learned.
MEXFAM has about 13 condonerías (condom stores) in
youth clinics as well as in clinics which provide services
to adult clients around the country. The purpose of the
condonerías is to create an erotic and creative space
in which young people can find educational and erotic
material and a variety of condoms and accessories for
sexual acts that are more pleasurable and protected.
MEXFAM provides specific guidelines for developing
the condonerías, which can often be seen as a space
for men, to the exclusion of women. Therefore, they
point out that it is important to create conditions to
attract women, for example, by having clearly visible
information about female condoms and emergency
contraception. Condonerías, they say, should be a place
that is visited by men and women of all ages. It should be
a place that encourages all generations and genders to
meet and seek their sexual pleasure and enjoyment.
Protected sex consists of using latex or polyurethane
barriers to avoid contact with sexual fluids of women or
men who have an STI, including: the female condom,
male condom, and plastics like cling film, which are
useful during oral and anal sex.
According to MEXFAM’s Ofelia Aguilar, this project “...is very
revealing … by making the use of condoms attractive,
56

The Naz Foundation (India) Trust
Alternative pleasures for men
who have sex with men
Contact Anuradha Mukherjee,
Programmes Manager
The Naz Foundation (India) Trust
A -86, East of Kailash
New Delhi 110065
India
Tel +91 11 2691 0499 or +91 11 4132 5042
Email anuradha@nazindia.org
Web www.nazindia.org
One example is the ‘Garden of life’ exercise. Here,
participants talk about their life priorities (wife,
children, home, job, etc.) and list them on pre-cut
paper ‘flowers’. These are then further prioritized
with ‘pleasure’ forming the centre around which the
other priorities are placed according to how far or
how close they are to pleasure.
Anuradha Mukherjee, Programmes Manager, The Naz Foundation (India) Trust
New Delhi-based NGO The Naz Foundation (India) Trust
has been providing HIV and sexual health information
and services since 1995. Through the years, Naz India’s
work has evolved into a holistic approach to combat
HIV, focusing on prevention as well as treatment. The
focus is on reaching out to marginalized populations
living with and affected by HIV and to sensitize the
community to the prevalence of HIV, while highlighting
issues related to sexuality and sexual health.
Naz is working with a range of groups, including young
people, people of marginalized sexualities, and families
and children living with or affected by HIV, and employs
different approaches for work with each of them. Naz
has developed modules for each target group, with
games, films, presentations, and case studies.
One example is the ‘Garden of life’ exercise. Here,
participants talk about their life priorities (wife,
children, home, job, etc.) and list them on pre-cut
paper ‘flowers’. These are then further prioritized
with ‘pleasure’ forming the centre around which
the other priorities are placed according to how far
or how close they are to pleasure. Often ‘wife’ will
be placed at a distance from pleasure, while other
sexual partners may be placed closer. However, as
the discussion progresses, many participants realize
that their wives can also be a source of pleasure! For
gay men, pleasure is mostly associated with multiple
sexual partners and the size of the penis. These
notions are also re-evaluated through this exercise.
With young people in schools and colleges, the
entry point to talking about sexuality and sexual
health is HIV, and they use peer education. Although
school authorities ask Naz not to talk about sex
and condoms, questions about sex and condoms
always come up at the end of the sessions. Naz’s
sexuality education with young people has revealed
that most girls have very little knowledge of sexual
pleasure, and when discussing female anatomy,
it emerges that many girls don’t know about the
clitoris. Most questions from girls are about issues
such as menstruation and childbirth. Boys, on the
other hand, talk more about pleasure, and the most
common questions from them are about things like
masturbation and ‘wet dreams’.
When talking to men who have sex with men,
especially kothis (the Indian term for feminized
homosexual males) and their partners, Naz educators
discuss different types of sexual acts which give equal
or more pleasure than anal sex; and men are taught
to put condoms onto their partners using their mouth,
to increase pleasure for both partners.
Naz also has a home-based care programme for
people living with HIV, and in its counselling with serodiscordant
couples, pleasure and safer sex are usually
part of the discussion.
The organization also works with external stakeholders,
such as the police, to sensitize them about issues
related to sexuality as it relates to HIV prevention.
Many members of the police force see men who have
sex with men and transgender people as ‘carriers of
AIDS’ who have anal sex because they’re frustrated.
Naz facilitates discussion about this, and brings up the
fact that these people may actually enjoy and find
pleasure in their sexual acts. This can help to demystify
issues around sexuality, which can reduce the stigma
and discrimination against people who engage in
marginalized sexual practices.
57

Nirantar
Sex-positive sex education
(with aubergine dildos!)
Nirantar
A Centre for Gender and Education
Contact Jaya Sharma
B-64 Second Floor
Sarvodya Enclave
New Delhi 110017
India
Tel (91-11) 2-696-6334
Fax (91-11) 2-651-7726
Email nirantar@vsnl.com
Web www.nirantar.net
The workshops have … allowed rural women to discuss
the merits of the different root vegetables in their
kitchen gardens as dildos. They talked about how using
condoms on aubergines [eggplants] is ‘safer-sex’, but
not in the typical sense: aubergines can disintegrate
inside the vagina, so the condom prevents this and
makes it safer. Perhaps that’s why vegetable gardening
is one of the more popular development schemes!”
Jaya Sharma, Nirantar, India
For 14 years Nirantar has been working with
disadvantaged groups in India in a variety of ways,
including helping them to control and own the
means of production for their work (for example,
they helped a group of Dalit women to produce
their own newspaper). It also creates educational
materials, does research, advocacy and training
and manages a resource centre on gender and
education issues. In 2007, Nirantar started providing
sexuality education to women activists through
workshops and materials, which are produced
in Hindi, and which address broad notions of sex
education, including the possibility of pleasure.
Nirantar’s sexuality education initiative operates
with the understanding that women’s organizations
need to address issues of sexuality in a manner that is
positive and makes linkages with power. For example,
Jaya Sharma of Nirantar explained that it’s important
not just to talk about avoiding violence or exclusively
about heterosexual sex; we need broader possibilities,
such as discussion of pleasure and diverse sexualities.
“I find the workshops empowering even for myself …
[Before, I] was not very comfortable talking about sex,
although I could hold forth on sexuality ad nauseum.
I now really enjoy talking about sex and relationships
and not only in a serious political way – but a fun way.”
Some participants have told her about the links they
found between sexuality and empowerment: “If sex
feels good,” they said, “[it] gives us energy, makes us
happy; if I feel better it will show in my activism – I’ll
feel more at ease in my body.”
Nirantar has helped local women’s organizations
in both rural and urban slum areas to host sexuality
education workshops which deal with sexuality in
a positive way, help to encourage dialogue about
sexuality and sex, and address marginalized issues,
58

such as queer desire, disability and so-called gender
‘transgressions’. They do this by creating a favourable
environment for frank discussion and using specific
exercises. For example, they ask women participants
to make a list of sex acts, which can lead into
discussions of positive and negative word associations
related to sex acts. The number of positive words the
participants use is a good indication of how positively
they view sex and sexuality. This level of ‘positivity’
regarding sex often changes as the workshop
progresses and the participants become better
informed and more open to discussions related to sex.
Participants have said that the workshops allow them
to initiate activities and talk openly about sensitive
issues. For example, masturbation is discussed openly,
and after the workshops, some of the participants
say they have initiated anal sex for the first time in
their lives. Sharma says that the workshops have also
allowed rural women to discuss the merits of the
different root vegetables in their kitchen gardens as
dildos! They talked about how using condoms on
aubergines [eggplants] is ‘safer-sex’, but not in the
typical sense: aubergines can disintegrate inside
the vagina, so the condom prevents this and makes
it safer. Perhaps, Sharma suggested, “that’s why
vegetable gardening is one of the more popular
development schemes!”
Sharma also said there are difficulties in introducing
this positive approach to sex education. Hierarchies
that exist among the groups of participants make it
more difficult to encourage open discussion. Formal
education, says Sharma, can create inhibitions about
what you should and should not talk about. For
example, the women with less education can be less
inhibited, which may mean that school sex education
can inhibit open sexual discussion. Sharma points out
that, for example, wedding songs in rural India used
to be very raunchy and sexual, but many people now
feel that they shouldn’t sing them. She sees this as a
great loss, and as part of the phenomenon of cultural
practises getting more formalized. She also feels that
the HIV- and AIDS-driven agenda for sex education,
particularly for young people, is creating more barriers
to good, broad-based sexuality education. “The
framework tends to be one of behaviour change,
which often includes promotion of abstinence and
highly moralistic and disciplining discourses.”
I find the workshops empowering even for myself …
[Before, I] was not very comfortable talking about sex,
although I could hold forth on sexuality ad nauseum.
I now really enjoy talking about sex and relationships
and not only in a serious political way – but a fun way.”
Jaya Sharma, Nirantar, India
Sonagachi Project/Durbar Mahila
Samanwaya Committee
Super sex-positive support for sex workers
DURBAR
12/5 Nilmoni Mitra Street
Kolkata
West Bengal
India
Tel +91 33 2530 3148
Email dm_sc@sify.com
Web www.durbar.org
Sonagachi is a sex workers co-operative and forum
in West Bengal, with some 65,000 members. It is
run by the Durbar Mahila Samanwaya Committee
(or Durbar), which takes a pioneering sex-positive
approach to sex workers rights and health, and
has had amazing success in lowering rates of HIV.
Among their many groundbreaking projects and
achievements, they have used the Kama Sutra to
teach sex workers how to give clients a high degree
of sexual pleasure with less penetrative sex. They
have also shared information about sexy safer-sex
techniques and tips in workshops.
59

The Pleasure Project
Putting the sexy into safer sex
Contact Anne Philpott or Wendy Knerr
The Pleasure Project
Tel UK +44 7962 545 160 or
Tel India +91 99 5311 0958
Web www.thepleasureproject.org
I’ve always been keen on condoms, but seeing
a man put one on and be unabashed was a
revelation. My favourite move is when he puts it
on, looking me in the eye. It’s the best turn-on.
He’s saying, “I’m ready – are you?”
Anne Philpott, quoted in Cosmo magazine (March 2005)
The Pleasure Project is an educational organization
which aims to make sex education sexy and to
eroticize safer sex. It provides harm reduction
training and materials aimed at helping to reduce
the loss of pleasure during safer sex, which makes
safer sex more attractive, increasing the practice of
safer sex and reducing the incidence of STIs.
Launched in 2004, The Pleasure Project has
undertaken a wide range of initiatives to raise
awareness of the need for sex-positive, erotic safersex
and HIV prevention education, and to build the
capacity of people and organizations working in
sexual health, sex education, reproductive health
and HIV and AIDS.
Pleasure proficiency workshops in Sri Lanka and the UK
60

Poster used at the Women Deliver conference in London
Projects include:
• designing and facilitating ‘Pleasure Proficiency
Training’ for sexual health educators in
Cambodia, in conjunction with CARE Cambodia
(see page 48), and at the CHAPS gay men’s
sexual health conference in the UK, in 2008;
• designing and facilitating ‘Pleasures of the
Female Condom Training’, in conjunction with
the Female Health Company, for Positively
Women counsellors working with HIV-positive
African women in London (see page 34);
• researching and writing articles about pleasure
and safer sex in The Lancet (Viewpoint article,
December 2006), Reproductive Health Matters
(Winter 2006), and other publications;
• facilitating erotic safer-sex workshops at annual
AIDS conferences, including those in Bangkok,
Thailand (2004), Toronto, Canada (2006), and
Colombo, Sri Lanka (2007);
• working with erotic film-makers to help integrate
male and female condoms and non-penetrative
sex into porn films (see Anna Span page 25, and
Modern Loving page 28);
• advocating for more sex-positive approaches
to safer sex through the media (e.g. The Times,
The Guardian, and the Sydney Morning Herald)
and at conferences (e.g. the Women Deliver
maternal health conference in the UK, 2007);
• speaking to physicians and sex therapists at
conferences and forums, including the Royal
Society of Medicine in 2008; and
• creating resources for eroticizing safer sex, such
as Sexy Tips postcards, website information and
training materials.
Sexy tips postcard for HIV-positive women
Pleasure body mapping poster from pleasure workshop,
Sri Lanka
61

Sensoa
Oral, vaginal, anal … and verbal?
Communication skills for young lovers
Contact Telidja Klai
Sensoa
Meersstraat 138d
9000 Gent
Belgium
Tel +32 9 221 07 22
Fax +32 9 220 84 06
Email info@sensoa.be
Web www.sensoa.be
It is not a campaign about (promoting) anonymous
sex, it is about sexuality and the focus is on respect
for each other. It considers sexuality as a form of
development, in which people respect and recognize
each other’s limits and wishes. And there is only one
‘right’ way to know these limits: Talk about sex!”
Sensoa website
Sensoa, the Flemish centre of expertise on sexual
health and HIV and AIDS in Belgium, started an
innovative, comprehensive sex education project
for young people called ‘Good Lovers’ in 1999. The
project includes a forum for sex education, games
(goede minnaars werkmap), video (wegwijs in de
seks), brochures for young people (een lief, hie je het
doet en hoe doe je’t goed?), a campaign about
sex and communication, and a striking exhibition on
good sex (carousel Good Lovers).
In the past few years, Sensoa has broadened the
Good Lovers project to include small children and
teenagers in a project called ‘2 Bears’, which is an
interactive exhibition with materials for teachers and
parents. Good Lovers now also includes information
on communication and the Internet called
‘Connected’, and for 2008 Sensoa is planning to
digitalize the exercises for Good Lovers and create a
Good Lovers Game.
© Sensoa
© Sensoa
The Good Lovers exhibition is highly interactive and
provides information about personal relationships
and sexuality for children from ages three to 18
years, and their parents. The exhibition area for
teenagers features information about condoms,
good communication with partners, and other
instructional elements. One display at the exhibition
features a Kama Sutra-style poster featuring
drawings of people in various sexual positions. Visitors
are asked to connect the image with a description
of the sexual position being performed. The purpose
of the game, explained Sensoa’s Telidja Klai, is to
widen the meaning of sexuality in a fun way.
The multimedia campaign ‘Praat over seks!’ (Talk
about sex!) is a racy, sexy, thought-provoking
campaign aimed at people 20 to 30 years old, who
are gay, straight or heterosexual. Advertisements
and posters for the campaign feature explicit
images of people having sex – women with men,
men with men, and women with women – and
62

offers intermediaries such as teachers educational
tools which may help them to talk about sex and
communication in the classroom.
The campaign was much talked about in the media
and in public. The television spot, in particular,
received widespread approval. And initial fears
that the explicit images would distract attention
from the message appeared to be unfounded.
The organization conducted a pre-test before the
campaign, and will conduct a post-test to measure
the effects of the campaign one month after
showing the last images.
© Sensoa
include the catchy strapline: ‘Because a good chat
makes for good sex’. Poster headlines are sexy and
funny, for example:
‘ Oral, vaginal, anal. And verbal?’
‘ Kissing, licking, biting, sucking. You can also use
your mouth for speaking.’
A television advertisement for the campaign
features a deaf man and woman, half-clothed in a
dimly lit kitchen. When he starts to take off her bra,
she uses sign language (with subtitles) to say that
there are a lot more places she’d like to be kissed,
making it clear to her partner what she likes, and
delaying intercourse in favour of non-penetrative
delights. The spot ends with the slogan: ‘They can
talk about it. So can you.’ (See the English version
of the TV spot here: http://sensoa.be/en/illustraties/
praat_over_seks/spotje_engels.mpg).
Talk about sex! was set up based on a method
called Intervention Mapping, a scientifically
developed model for health promotion. The
organization made an explicit choice for its materials
to actually show people making love – “from a first
deep kiss to more advanced stages of intimacy”,
explains Sensoa’s website. And it chose to work with
real people rather than with professional models.
“The design is so strong because there is actually
nothing explicitly shown (except for a woman’s
breast or part of a buttock).” This was intended to
undercut the criticism that the campaign could
generate. The website goes on to explain: “It is
not a campaign about (promoting) anonymous
sex, it is about sexuality and the focus is on respect
for each other. It considers sexuality as a form
of development, in which people respect and
recognize each other’s limits and wishes. And there
is only one ‘right’ way to know these limits: Talk
about sex!”
However controversial the design of the campaign,
Sensoa provided a thorough justification for
it, with background information and easily
downloadable PDF files with information about
HIV, STIs, sexual abuse and unwanted pregnancy
on the organization’s website. Also, the website
The spot ends with the slogan: ‘They can talk about
it. So can you.’
© Sensoa
63

X:Talk Project
Talking the language of lust
Contact Ava Caradonna
X:Talk Project
Tel +44 7914 703 372
Email xtalk.classes@googlemail.com
Web www.xtalkproject.net
We teach different language tools that sex
workers can use to insist on condom use, but
also to propose alternative services if needed,
for example, ‘I don’t do anal, but I do this...’ ”
Ava Caradonna – X:Talk Project
The X:Talk Project is an organization made up of
current and former sex workers who provide English
language training to sex workers in and around
London, UK. It aims to ensure that the voices of sex
workers are heard “with our clients, with our bosses
and with each other”, and that sex workers who are
not native English speakers are able to do their work
safely and effectively.
“The kind of language we teach relates to sex
workers’ jobs, including how to negotiate safe sex
and tell clients that safe sex is needed,” explained
X:Talk’s language instructor, Ava Caradonna. “We
teach different language tools that sex workers can
use to insist on condom use, but also to propose
alternative services if needed, for example, ‘I don’t
do anal, but I do this...’ ”
X:Talk’s aim is not to force workers to exit the sex
industry, but instead to enable them to make
informed choices about their lives and work. Often,
learning English enables migrants who work in the
sex industry the option to find other work if they want
to. But they don’t preach or advise against sex work
in any way.
“We ran the pilot course last year, in May [2007],
and advertised it to all sex workers, but in the end,
only women and one female transsexual sex worker
attended,” said Caradonna. This turned out to be
a good thing because it meant the project could
create a confidential space – at a women’s sexual
health clinic – and focus on the language women sex
workers need to know to do their jobs. Future classes
will be planned for both men and women who sell
sex, because “the language is specific regarding the
different services men and women offer.”
Beginner and intermediate classes were scheduled
for early 2008, but they were postponed due to low
attendance – many sex workers said they did not
attend because there is a strong political agenda in
the UK at the moment that focuses on criminalizing
sex work, and there have been frequent raids on
brothels and other establishments, which is deterring
sex workers from gathering. “’We didn’t come
because we were scared’” was hat some people
were telling us,” according to Caradonna.
To overcome this climate of fear, X:Talk Project’s next
round of classes will be advertised in such a way that
it will be clear it is an independent organization, not
affiliated with the Government, and they will host a
two-day ‘open house’ event at a public place, where
people can meet the organizers and enrol in classes.
X:Talk’s instructor stressed the importance of
confidentiality when providing services to people in
the sex industry, even in countries where sex work is
not criminalized. They even use a fictitious contact
name (Ava Caradonna) as the contact for their
project, which provides the people working with
X:Talk a measure of privacy and safety.
64

We talked about ways that she could re-check
the condom that wouldn’t break the intensity of the
interaction she was having with her partner – in other
words, incorporating it as part of the sex play.”
a sex worker counsellor, St. James Infirmary, USA
counselling
and health
services
65

Planned Parenthood of New York City
Don’t forget the pleasure!
Contact Randa Dean or Amanda Perez
Planned Parenthood of New York City
26 Bleecker Street
New York, NY 10012-2413, USA
Tel +1 212 274 7200
Randa Dean +1 212 274 7362
Amanda Perez +1 212 274 7336
Fax +1 212 274 7218
Web www.plannedparenthood.org/nyc
People walked away saying they know pleasure
is important – that is why people have sex – but
beforehand they didn’t know how to do it. Now they did.”
Randa Dean, Associate Director of Adult Education at PPNYC
Planned Parenthood of New York City (PPNYC)
provides reproductive health care, education
programmes and advocacy on sexual and
reproductive health issues. In 2007 and 2008, they
facilitated two one-day workshops entitled ‘Don’t
Forget the Pleasure in Sex Education’ at the PPNYC
Training Institute, the organization’s outreach centre.
Designed for health service providers, sex educators,
youth providers, sex therapists and interested adults,
the workshops covered topics such as:
• What holds us back from pleasure? This includes
research about how talking about pleasure
fosters sexual pleasure and is related to better
use of protection; arguments for and against;
pleasure as a right, and as an integral part of the
‘sexuality pie’.
• Non-orgasm pleasure: consideration of all the kinds
of behaviours that are pleasurable, not just orgasm.
• Sexual anatomy and pleasure zones: ‘If you know
more about your body, you will have more pleasure’.
• Age-appropriate pleasure messages: participants
were given scenarios to act out and the ages of
the characters; facilitators helped them to provide
messages that include pleasure components.
• Sexual enhancers: from condoms to lubes, cock
rings to vibrators, this involved discussion of the
many sex accessories – those that are safe,
and those that are less safe. This included a
presentation from a visiting expert from womanfriendly
sex toy shop, Babeland.
• Partner communication: using the 3Ps – pleasure,
protection and problems.
• The Sexual History Talk: clarifying worries that
could decrease pleasure, and six tips for
facilitating conversations about pleasure.
• Advice for Educators: participants received a
Workshop Formula which identified the aspects
of a good pleasure-focused workshop, such as
pleasure as a right, education about the body,
realistic and affirming messages, information
about sex and disabilities, and understanding
the language of the group.
According to Randa Dean, Associate Director of
Adult Education at PPNYC, “The participants at
the workshops were professional health and sex
education providers who said no one else was
talking about this. They were all eager … and the
evaluations were very positive … People walked
away saying they know pleasure is important – that
is why people have sex – but beforehand they didn’t
know how to do it. Now they did.”
Dean said the participants were asked how they would
implement what they had learned, and everyone
gave very specific examples of what they would do,
for example, if a client said she or he does not like a
condom or lubricant, they would include information
about different lubes and condoms to enhance
pleasure as an alternative. However, some participants
said it was difficult to find different kinds of condoms
in the Bronx and Brooklyn areas of New York City, so
PPNYC staff are investigating sources for condoms and
plan to provide feedback to the participants.
When asked how sexual health counsellors and
educators can get people talking about sex and
pleasure, Dean noted that PPNYC’s adult role
models (ARMs) and sex educators said they were
initially uncomfortable with the pleasure piece of
the ‘sexuality pie’. But after training, they felt more
comfortable and said they had a lot of tidbits (facts,
phrases and examples) about pleasure which they
could incorporate into their sexual health messages.
66

Positively Women
Sexy tips for HIV-positive women
Contact Lucy Osman
Positively Women
347–349 City Road
London, UK
EC1V 1LR
Tel +44 20 7713 0444
Email losman@positivelywomen.org.uk
Web www.positivelywomen.org.uk
Positively Women magazine has taken steps to
address the serious lack of information available to
HIV-positive women about sex and sexuality after
a positive diagnosis. It has featured articles and a
cut-out-and-keep postcard about sexy tips for HIVpositive
women, written by The Pleasure Project,
which talked about ways to make condoms and
non-penetrative sex feel sexy and fun.
Positively Women is a national charity working in the
UK to improve the quality of life of women and families
affected by HIV. It provides free services to HIV-positive
women, such as one-to-one support and counselling,
HIV immigration support and legal advice, support for
families and children, and access to support groups
which are run by HIV-positive women.
It also publishes a quarterly magazine called
Positively Women. Written and edited by women
living with HIV, it has an estimated global circulation
of nearly 10,000 beneficiaries, health care
professionals, clinics and other HIV organizations.
Each magazine includes personal testimony,
features, information, and a forum for debate.
Positively Women magazine has taken steps to
address the serious lack of information available to
HIV-positive women about sex and sexuality after
a positive diagnosis. It has featured articles and a
cut-out-and-keep postcard about sexy tips for HIVpositive
women, written by The Pleasure Project,
which talked about ways to make condoms and
non-penetrative sex feel sexy and fun.
In addition, to enable its counsellors to better
promote the female condom to HIV-positive women
– particularly to African women living in London –
Positively Women partnered with the Female Health
Company (see page 34) and The Pleasure Project for
a ‘Pleasures of the Female Condom’ training day. The
counsellors participated in a number of exercises and
discussions to help them learn how to teach women
to insert and use the female condom, while promoting
its pleasure benefits and learning skills for responding
to any objections that men and women may have to
it. During the training, a wide range of subjects related
specifically to HIV-positive women’s needs were
covered, including discussion of how to use the female
condom when practicing a sex technique called
‘western jazz’, and how women who have sex with
women can enjoy the female condom.
67

St. James Infirmary
The sexy ‘dick check’ and
other tips for sex workers
Contact Alix Lutnick
St James Infirmary
1372 Mission Street
San Francisco
CA 94103
USA
Tel +1 415 554 8494
Fax +1 415 554 8444
Email alutnick@rti.org
Web www.stjamesinfirmary.org
...as providers, the dissemination of pleasure starts
with us … We must encourage dialogue about
pleasure and ways in which we can further it in all
settings. And we must constantly be mindful of our
words and actions in order to prevent the silencing
and shaming of someone’s pleasure and sexuality.”
a sex worker counsellor, St. James Infirmary, USA
St. James Infirmary (SJI) provides free, confidential
medical and social services to female, transgendered
and male sex workers in San Francisco, California,
USA. It is the first occupational safety and health clinic
for sex workers that is run by sex workers. According
to SJI’s Research Coordinator Alix Lutnick, “Only when
people know what they do and do not like are they
truly capable of saying yes or no to certain practices.
Furthermore, once they know what brings them
pleasure and potentially the reasons behind that,
then we can explore with them ways in which they
feel they could make what they are doing safer.”
In its counselling sessions, SJI asks sex workers: “What
do you like about the work you do? What gives you
pleasure?” With this as a springboard, sex workers
are encouraged to talk about all aspects of their
work – what they like and don’t like, what they are
willing to do and what they aren’t willing to do. This
kind of discussion with qualified counsellors can then
lead to conversations about how to do the work
they do in the safest way possible.
Its homepage asks: “Do you know how to put a
condom on with your mouth? Can you make a
‘dick check’ sexy? When’s the last time you got a
massage just for you?” and other questions aimed
at helping sex workers stay safe while still providing
pleasure, and even finding pleasure themselves.
To explain how SJI counsellors incorporate pleasure
and eroticization of safer sex into their counselling
with sex workers, Lutnick described an HIV/STI risk
assessment session that took place a few years ago:
“ The woman told me that the reason she came in
was that a condom broke during a session with
a client. It was very clear that she felt ashamed
that this had happened, and it seemed as if she
thought she was going to get a lecture! The very first
question I asked her was whether she enjoyed the
sex she had with that person or not. This question
led her to admitting that she really did enjoy it, and
then she proceeded to talk for at least ten minutes
about what she enjoyed and why.”
“After listening to her share her feelings about
this experience, I suggested that she think
about checking the condom every now and
again during intercourse, and occasionally
reapplying lube when she feels that the condom
is becoming too dry. We talked about ways
that she could re-check the condom that
wouldn’t break the intensity of the interaction
she was having with her partner – in other words,
incorporating it as part of the sex play.”
“At the end she thanked me for being the first
person to talk to her about pleasure in the context
of sex work. She said that, in the past, when she
had gone to other service providers, they very
clearly were uncomfortable with her talking about
sexuality and pleasure in general, and especially
as they relate to sex work. Those experiences
silenced her and planted a seed of shame in her
brain about the work she does. Fortunately, she
came to SJI and we were able to provide her the
space to explore her pleasures and dislikes.”
One crucial element of SJI’s success with pleasurefocused
counselling is that the counsellors are either
former sex workers themselves or have undergone
extensive training about what goes on in various sex
68

work communities. “At St. James, we encourage
our providers to check in with themselves about
their comfort level talking about various issues.
And if they feel the least bit uncomfortable about
having certain conversations – if they know they
cannot provide a client information that she or he
needs in a comfortable, non-shaming fashion – we
encourage them to refer the client to other providers
at St. James.” This shame-free, peer-based element
of SJI’s counselling is absolutely vital to their success
in helping sex workers to open up about pleasure
and to stay healthy.
Lutnick says that “...as providers, the dissemination of
pleasure starts with us. We must discover our comfort
levels and find roles in which we utilize our skills most
effectively. We must encourage dialogue about
pleasure and ways in which we can further it in all
settings. And we must constantly be mindful of our
words and actions in order to prevent the silencing
and shaming of someone’s pleasure and sexuality.”
In addition to its counselling and health services,
SJI does research. Its Sex Worker Environmental
Assessment Team (SWEAT) study examined the
correlation between social capital and the health
of female sex workers in San Francisco. Conducted
by the University of California, San Francisco, in
collaboration with SJI, this study’s research staff was
comprised of former and current sex workers. As
part of the semi-structured interviews in the study,
“...we asked all participants what they enjoy about
the sex work they do, as well as what they do not
enjoy. Initially a number of the women said there was
nothing they enjoyed about the work that they do. As
the interview continued, all but one of these women
returned on their own to that question and offered
specific things they did enjoy about their work. For
many of the participants in this first phase, as well as
in the second phase, this was either the first time they
had ever spoken to another person about their sex
work, or this was the first time they shared their story
and were not met with judgments or shame.”
Only when people know what they do and do not like
are they truly capable of saying yes or no to certain
practices. Furthermore, once they know what brings
them pleasure and the reasons behind that, then we
can explore ways in which they feel they could make
what they are doing safer.”
a sex worker counsellor, St. James Infirmary, USA
69

TARSHI and the South and Southeast Asia
Resource Centre on Sexuality
The pleasure hotline
Contact Radhika Chandiramani
TARSHI
11 Mathura Road, First Floor
Jangpura – B
New Delhi – 110014
India
Tel +91 11 2437 9070/71
Email tarshi@vsnl.com
Web www.tarshi.net and www.asiasrc.org
TARSHI (Talking about Reproductive and Sexual
Health Issues) is a New Delhi-based organization
which develops publications, provides training,
and undertakes advocacy work.
Their publications include information about the
right to sexual pleasure and well-being (such as the
Red Book for 10–14-year-olds, and the Blue Book for
young people 15 and older, which present sexuality
in a matter-of-fact and sex-affirming language),
while training includes a Sexuality and Rights Institute
run in collaboration with CREA, Regional Institute on
Sexuality Society and Culture, Basic and Regional
Trainings on Sexuality, Sexual and Reproductive
Health and Rights.
TARSHI also operates a telephone helpline, where
it provides information, counselling and referrals
to address concerns about sexual pleasure and
sexual health, in addition to queries on basic sex
information, sexual, reproductive and relationship
concerns. Its telephone counsellors often use
questions about sexual concerns and pleasure as an
entry point for further discussions of health behaviour,
including safer sex. TARSHI is guided by the vision that
all people have a right to sexual well-being and to
a self-affirming and enjoyable sexuality, even when
practising safer sex. The helpline has responded to
over 60,000 calls in its 12 years of operation since
1996, and a report of the analysis of over 43,000 calls
can be obtained at www.tarshi.net.
In addition, TARSHI hosts the South and Southeast
Asia Resource Centre on Sexuality, which is a diverse
collection of sexuality-related work in the region,
and publishes the quarterly publication In Plainspeak
(www.asiasrc.org/plSpk/inplainspeak.asp).
TARSHI is guided by the vision that all people have a
right to sexual well-being and to a self-affirming and
enjoyable sexuality, even when practising safer sex.
70

Silom Community Clinic,
Thailand Ministry of Public Health and US
Centers for Disease Control
Scorching hot condom and lube
for male-to-male sex
Contact Frits van Griensven or
Wipas Wimonsate
Silom Community Clinic
Email silom@tuc.or.th
Web www.silomclinic.in.th
The [condom] packaging is in both Thai and
English, with graphics illustrating a temperature
gauge that highlights just how hot sex needs to
be before opening the condom packets.”
The Thailand Ministry of Public Health and US Centres
for Disease Control (CDC) have collaborated to
conduct a longitudinal cohort study among men
who have sex with men in Bangkok, and are now
planning for HIV prevention trials in this population.
As part of their work, they have developed fun and
innovative packaging for a condom/lube product
and other safer-sex education tools that treat sex
in a positive and sexy way. Along with the Silom
Community Clinic in Bangkok, they have created
and are distributing condom packaging with
messages such as ‘To Cook: remove plastic cover
and put in high heat for 3–4 minutes; recommended
serving size 52mm’ and ‘Careful, the package you
are about to enjoy is extremely hot’.
The packaging is in both Thai and English, with
graphics illustrating a temperature gauge that
highlights just how hot sex needs to be before
opening the condom packets. The packets are in
stylist black, to appeal to men. Silom Clinic is located
inside the Bangkok Christian Hospital, and provides
free HIV testing and counselling for men who have
sex with men.
71

One client described the inserted female condom as
a ‘blooming lotus flower’, while others agreed to pay
[sex workers] more to be allowed to insert the female
condom into the woman’s vagina.”
from the Community Development Service’s female condom acceptability trial, Sri Lanka
advocacy
and support
72

Community Development Services
‘The blooming lotus flower’ and other
female condom visions
Contact Kamanee Hapugalle,
Executive Director
Community Development Services Tel +94 1 677 748, 697 731
Email kamanee@eureka.lk
Most recently, Community Development Services
lobbied for pleasure as a key component of the 2007
ICAAP conference in Colombo.
Community Development Services (CDS) helps to
developing community capacity to address sexual
and reproductive health issues and concerns, and
to promote health-seeking behaviours among
populations most vulnerable to STIs and HIV in Sri
Lanka. One of its many activities has been lobbying
at many levels for sexual and reproductive health
services and supplies for sex workers, which has
included advocacy for the female condom and,
in particular, its qualities of increased pleasure and
comfort, female control and potential for providing
increased income for sex workers.
In 2001, CDS received a grant from UNAIDS to train
and develop the capacity of 40 peer educators
from the commercial sex worker community, with the
objective of promoting health-seeking behaviours
among street-based sex workers. This involved peer
education, peer support and peer counselling,
which would subsequently be developed into an
independent project managed and implemented
by leaders of the sex worker community. One
component of this project was an acceptability trial
of female condoms, which produced a variety of
responses from the sex workers, but overall very high
acceptability. Some sex workers found they could
charge more money for using a female condom
with a client by describing how it would turn the two
of them on – with the friction of both rings and a lot
of lube. One client described the inserted female
condom as a ‘blooming lotus flower’, while others
agreed to pay more to be allowed to insert the
female condom into the woman’s vagina.
Sexual health educators showing how they would
demonstrate the female condom, at The Pleasure
Project workshop, 2007 ICAAP, Sri Lanka
CDS used the lessons learned from the acceptability
trial to inform its advocacy work for female condoms
and sex workers’ health and rights, nationally and
internationally. Most recently, they lobbied for
pleasure as a key component of the 2007 ICAAP
conference in Colombo.
73

The Institute of Development Studies
Sexuality and Development Programme
Helping the development industry get
over its obsession with bad sex
Contact Susie Jolly
Institute of Development Studies
University of Sussex
Brighton, UK
BN1 9RE
Tel +44 1273 606261
Fax +44 1273 621202 or 691647
E-mail ids@ids.ac.uk
Web www.ids.ac.uk/go/sexualityanddevelopment
This work has elicited comments from some donors...
But balancing donor desires with those of recipient
organizations is often a challenge, in any programme.
And working on sexuality and pleasure has not been
more difficult than any other donor relationships.”
Susie Jolly, Institute of Development Studies
The Institute of Development Studies (IDS) carries
out research, teaching and communications
work related to international development. It was
founded in 1966 and has an international reputation
for high-quality work and commitment to applying
academic skills to real-world challenges. Its aim is
to understand and explain the world, and to try to
change it – to influence as well as to inform.
In 2005, the IDS website (www.ids.ac.uk) featured
an article entitled ‘The Power of Pleasure’, which
marked World AIDS Day and urged a new approach
to AIDS prevention that builds upon the positive
force of desire and enjoyment rather than banking
on fear and shame.
In 2007, thanks to DFID support, IDS was able to
launch its Sexuality and Development Programme,
which supports research and communications
aimed at rethinking the relationship between
sexuality, rights and development, and building
stronger links between people in different contexts
working to realize sexual rights. The Programme
supports organizations which are taking a sexpositive
approach to prevention and sexual health,
and innovative research which helps to build the
evidence base for sex-positive, pleasure-focused
work in many areas, including safer sex promotion.
offer encouragement to people stigmatized for
their sexualities, and recognition to individuals and
organizations working for sexual freedom.
Jolly has been pushing for sex-positivity in the
development discourse since 1998, when she was
a student at IDS. She said there have been some
donors who are shocked at some of the pleasureand
sexuality-oriented messages coming out of IDS,
saying that sexuality and pleasure are not about
poverty reduction. But she addresses these reactions
by pointing out that poverty and sexuality are
interconnected – discrimination around sexuality can
cause poverty, and poverty can be an obstacle to
realising sexual rights – and furthermore all people
have a right to enjoy sex whatever their income level.
“This work has elicited comments from some
donors... But balancing donor desires with those
of recipient organizations is often a challenge, in
any programme. And working on sexuality and
pleasure has not been more difficult than any other
donor relationships.” Jolly’s 2007 article ‘Why the
Development Industry Should Get Over its Obsession
with Bad Sex and Start to Think About Pleasure’
(IDS Working Paper 283, Brighton: IDS) deals with a
wide variety of issues around pleasure, including the
movement to eroticise safer sex.
Also in 2007, the programme’s Director, Susie Jolly,
won an Erotic Award for the BRIDGE Cutting Edge
Pack on Sexuality and Development, which outlines
key issues on gender, sexuality and sexual rights
in the current political climate. The Erotic Awards
were established in 1993 by the Leydig Trust to
74

annex:
list of interviewees
contact organization country
Shivananda Khan Naz Foundation International International/South Asia
Alice Clements Marie Stopes Australia Australia
Alice Welbourne Stepping Stones UK/International
Alix Lutnick St. James Infirmary USA
Angela Heimburger (formerly) IPPF Western Hemisphere USA/Latin America
Anna Span Easy on the Eye Productions UK
Anupam Hazra SAATHII India
Anuradha Mukherjee The Naz Foundation (India) Trust India
Ashok Row Kavi The Humsafar Trust India
Ava Caradonna X:Talk Project UK
Cheryl Overs Asia Pacific Network of Sex Workers Australia
Doortje Braeken IPPF UK/International
Dorothy Aken’ Ova INCRESE Nigeria
Edwina Pereira INSA India India
Jasmir Thakur The Samabhavana Trust India
Jaya Sharma Nirantar India
Kavitha Potturi
Hindustan Latex Limited Family
Planning Promotion Trust (HLLFPPT)
India
Mike Kennedy Victorian AIDS Council Australia
Nan Kinney Fatale Media USA
Ngozi Iwere Community Life Project Nigeria
Ofelia Aguilar MEXFAM Mexico
Phillip Harvey DKT International International
Randa Dean Planned Parenthood of New York City USA
Reverend Debra Haffner
Religious Institute on Sexual Morality,
Justice, and Healing
USA
Richard Scholey Terrence Higgins Trust UK
Robert Nelson Female Health Company UK/International
Sarah Hedley Scarlet Magazine UK
Sunil B Pant Blue Diamond Society Nepal
Susie Jolly Institute for Development Studies UK
Suzanne Noble Noble PR UK
Telidja Klai SENSOA Belgium
Tim Bavinton
Sexual Health and Family Planning ACT
(SHFPACT)
Australia
Tim Foskett PACE UK
Xiaopei He
Pink Space Culture and
Development Centre
China
75

The Pleasure Project (www.thepleasureproject.org) is an
international education and advocacy organization working to
eroticize safer sex by building bridges between the health sector
and the sex world, and helping to develop the evidence base
for a sex-positive approach to safer sex. It promotes sexual health
and prevention of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, by
encouraging sex education with an emphasis on ‘good sex’, and
by focusing on one of the primary reasons people have sex –- the
pursuit of pleasure.
The Pleasure Project provides training, consultancy, research
and publications for sexual health counsellors, NGOs and others
who want to take a more sex-positive approach to their work,
and it helps erotic media producers to incorporate sexy safersex
into porn films and other media. The Pleasure Project was
started in 2004 at the Bangkok AIDS Conference and since then
has provided condom consultancy for erotic films and pleasure
proficiency training for sex educators, and has mastered the art of
erotic condom demonstration.
Realising Rights is the Research Programme Consortium on Sexual
and Reproductive Health and Rights, funded by the United
Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID).
It supports innovative research and advocacy approaches
to address the persistent low priority given to sexual and
reproductive health and rights in development policy and
practice. The Consortium brings together a strong multidisciplinary
research and service-delivery partnership to focus on commonly
neglected issues, such as sexually transmitted infections,
contraception, abortion and gender-based violence. And it
works to translate sexual and reproductive health rights into local
realities, particularly in low-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa
and South Asia. Its partners are:
• African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi
• BRAC and BRAC University School of Public Health, Bangladesh
• INDEPTH Network, Accra and affiliated surveillance sites
• Institute of Development Studies, UK (lead institution)
• London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK