Torture not Treatment - Disability Rights International

TORTURE NOT TREATMENT
National Disability Rights Network, School is Not Supposed to Hurt: Investigative Report on Abusive Restraint and
Seclusion in Schools (January 2009).
39 G.W. LaVigna and A.M. Connellan, Alternatives To Punishment: Solving Behavior Problems With Non-Aversive
Strategies (1986). See TASH Statement on Positive Behavioral Approaches,
http://www.tash.org/iRR/positive_behavior_supports.html; The Association for Positive Behavior Support
http://www.apbs.org/index.html.
40 NY Psychological Association Task Force (2006), supra note 37, at 1.
41 The New York Psychological Association leaves open the possibility that particular techniques of aversive
intervention may be need if they are “medically necessary to protect the child from serious self-injurious or otherinjurious
behavior.” Id., at 6.
42 The Alliance to Prevent Restraint, Aversive Interventions, and Seclusion (APRAIS) is a coalition of groups whose
mission is “To seek the elimination of the use of seclusion, aversive interventions, and restraint to respond to or
control the behavior of children and youth.” TASH is a member of the Alliance, available at
http://aprais.tash.org/index.htm (last visited April 21, 2010).
43 NY Psychological Association Task Force (2006), supra note 37, at 6.
44 NYSED Review Team (2006), supra note 17, at 16.
45 NY Psychological Association Task Force (2006), supra note 37, at 13.
46 Id. at 11, quoting D. Day, “A review of the literature on restraints and seclusion with children and youth: toward
the development of a perspective in practice” (2000), available at http://rccp.cornell.edu/pdfs/Day.pdf (retrieved
July 26, 2006).
47 Id.
48 Frank L. Bird & James K. Luiselli, “Positive behavioral support of adults with developmental disabilities:
assessment of long-term adjustment and habilitation following restrictive treatment histories,” 31 Journal of
Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 5, 7 (2000).
49 Matthew L. Israel, supra note 5, at "there is extensive research and disagreement as to the efficacy of the use of
aversives."
50 Bird & Luiselli (2000), supra note 48, at 18.
51 MDRI Interview (2009).
52 MDRI Interview (2009).
53 NY Psychological Association Task Force (2006), supra note 37, at 3.
54 Id.
48