Respiratory Distress of the Newborn: Causes and ... - Trinity Health
Respiratory Distress of the Newborn: Causes and ... - Trinity Health
Respiratory Distress of the Newborn: Causes and ... - Trinity Health
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<strong>Respiratory</strong> <strong>Distress</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Newborn</strong>:<br />
<strong>Causes</strong> <strong>and</strong> Treatment<br />
Oxygenation<br />
• Oxygenation (saturations, PaO 2 ):<br />
- primarily determined by <strong>the</strong><br />
Mean Airway Pressure (MAP)<br />
• MAP can be increased by:<br />
- increasing PIP, PEEP <strong>and</strong>/or IT<br />
Ventilation<br />
• Ventilation (PaCO 2 ):<br />
- primarily determined by <strong>the</strong> total<br />
volume <strong>of</strong> air that passes in <strong>and</strong> out <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
alveoli, - <strong>the</strong> tidal volume (TV) delivered by<br />
<strong>the</strong> ventilator<br />
• TV typically increased by:<br />
- increasing <strong>the</strong> RR<br />
- can also PIP or PEEP<br />
Goals <strong>of</strong> Mechanical Ventilation<br />
Depends on <strong>the</strong> disease process:<br />
•In RDS:<br />
Oxygenation: saturation ~ 85 - 95%<br />
(PaO 2 50 - 80 mmHg)<br />
Ventilation: PaCO 2 45 - 60 mmHg<br />
in RDS as long as pH > 7.25<br />
• In PPHN/MAS:<br />
Sats > 90%; PaCO 2 more normal - 40-50 mmHg<br />
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