Lithuania - Geoelec

Geoelectric power generation
prospects in Lithuania
Saulius Šliaupa
Nature research centre
Develop Geothermal Electricity in Europe to have a renewable energy mix
Workshop Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Finland, Sweden, Ukraine
22nd March 2012

Tectonic framework of Europe and chronostratigraphy chart of Baltic basin

6700000
-2.5
6600000
6500000
NW
Baltic basin
6400000
6300000
Thickness of
sedimentary cover
6200000
6100000
6000000
SE
-100000 0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 600000 700000
-350 -300 -250 -2 00 -150 -100 - 50 0km
0.5
km
0
-0.5
NW
Gotland
Baltic Sea
D
50 100 150 200 2 50
Lithuania
T-J-K-Q
C1- P2
300 350 400 4 50
PR3- K-Q
SE
Geological crosssection
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
PR1-2
C mO S

Geological cross-section west-east across Lithuania. Blue layers – major
aquifers

Temperatures (degC) at the base of the sedimentary cover of Baltic basin
100 km
Baltic Sea
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
80

Potential of Cambrian aquifer, well doublet, west Lithuania
Site
Discharge,
l/s
Th.power,
MW
El.power,
kW
Girkaliai 3.9 0.3 6
Genčiai 31 2.6 52
Kretinga 26 2.2 43
Nausodis 8.3 0.7 13
P.Šiūpariai 6.9 0.7 13
Degliai 6.9 0.7 13
Pociai 3.9 0.4 8
Vilkyčiai 3.6 0.3 7
Sakučiai 5.6 0.5 11

Geological and geothermal N-S profile of west Lithuania
Crystalline basement

Palaeoproterozoic
igneous and
metamorphic rocks
Mesoproterozoic
granitoids
Geological map of
crystalline basement of
west Lithuania (after
G.Motuza, 2005)
Structural map
of top of
crystalline
basement

Temperature
distribution at depth
100 m
Temperatures of
Cambrian reservoir

Comparison of
thermogrames of
W, C, and
E.Lithuania
Thermogram of well
Vydmantai-1, west
Lithuania
Correction of
thermogram of well
Ablinga-2, west
Lithuania

Heat flow map of Lithuania (mW/m2)

Digital geothermal database at LGT
204 deep wells (250-2300 m)
401 point thermometer measurements
120 thermal logs

Example of geothermal information sorted by major aquifers

Lithuanian geothermal website

Mesoproterozoic
granitoids
Heat generation of basement rocks
(μW/m 3 ).
Geological map of crystalline basement of
west Lithuania (after G.Motuza, 2005)

Depths of isotherm 150 o C
Gravity and magnetic models of ZN intrusion
Geothermal modelling
of Earth’s crust
Geothermal model of
ZN intrusion

Depths of isotherm 150 o C
Modelled and measured temperatures

Hot granites of Zemaičių
Neumiestis intrusion
Fractured zone
Fractures
Non-fractured basement

4 km
Degliai
OF
Vilkyciai OF
Sakuciai OF
Gargzdai fault
TWT 1525 ms
3d SEISMIC SLICE BELLOW THE BASEMENT

Maximum dilatation directions,
from GPS data
Vertical W-E striking
fractured zones are
suggested to be prospective
in Lithuania based on stress
field knowoledge

Principle scheme of EGS
power sation

Principle parameters of EGS power station in west Lithuania
• Number of wells – 3
• Depth – 4-5 km
• Injection pump (400 m depth)
• Production pumps 2
• Production temperature – 150 o C
• Injection temperature – 65-75 o C / 20 o C
• Discharge rate – 75-100 kg/s
• Binary system ORC cycle – effect 10-12.5%
• Gross power production – 3-4 MWe
• Parasitic power – 1.0-1.5 MW
• Lifetime – 20-30 years

Economic
assessment
of geothermal
power station in
west Lithuania
Calculated price -
>47 LT cnt/kW
Nr Type Cost, mln. € Cost, mln. Lt
CAPEX
1 Risk 1,5 5,2
2 Design 0,5 1,7
3 Exploration 0,1 0,3
4 Wells 15-20 51,8-69,1
5 Studies in wells 0,6 2,1
6 Stimulation 1,2 4,1
7 Production tests 0,2 0,7
8 Pumps 0,4 1,4
9 Pipe lines 0,5 1,7
10 Extra 1,5 5,2
11 Power station 4,4 15,2
Total 25,9-30,9 89,4-106,7
OPEX (30 years)
12 O&M 51,0 174,0
TOTAL 76,9-81,9 263,4-280,7

80 l/s
100 l/s
60 l/s
Heat and electrical power
production
Water temperature 150 o C
Production rates
100 l/s, 80 l/s, 60 l/s
60 l/s
80 l/s
100 l/s

EGS reservoir parameters
Parameters
Economic
target
So far
achieved
Cooling of reservoir (lifetime) 20 years 10 years
Temperature 150-200 o C 270 o C
Well spacing 600 m 600 m
Impedance 0,1 MPa/(l/s) 0,29 Pa/(l/s)
Circulation (production) 75 l/s 26 l/s
Water loses 10% 0%
Cooling rate
10% in 20 years No data
Reservoir volume 300 mln.m 3 No data
Total surface area of fractures 10 mln.m 2 No data

CONCLUSIONS
• Abundant geothermal information is available in Lithuania
• No potential of production of electric power from sedimentary aquifers in Lithuania
• Prospects are related to crystalline basement (EGS systems)
• Prospective area is defined in west Lithuania for application of EGS systems; Šilutė
town is considered as the first-priority site
• W-E trending vertical fractured zones are the most prospective targets; presence of
fractured zones is proved by drilling
• Geophysical methods might be effective in exploration of geothermal sites
• Triplet power station can generate 3.5 MWe (and 35 MWth) in west Lithuania
• Due to economic reasons the power stations should be located in/close to towns
• Total potential of electric power production is evaluated as high as 360-480 MWe