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NATIONAL ENERGY COUNCIL<br />
INDONESIA ENERGY POLICY TO SECURE SUTAINABLE<br />
DEVELOPMENT<br />
Presented by:<br />
Dr. Ir. Tumiran, M. Eng.<br />
Member of National Energy Council<br />
INAGA – IIGCE 2013<br />
JAKARTA, 12 JUNE 2013
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
NATIONAL ENERGY COUNCIL<br />
1
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
STRUCTURE of NEC<br />
CHAIRMAN<br />
Chairman : President<br />
Vice Chairman : Vice President<br />
Executive Chairman : Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources<br />
Government Representatives<br />
MEMBERS<br />
Stakeholders Representatives<br />
1. Minister of Finance<br />
2. Minister of National Development<br />
Planning<br />
3. Minister of Transportation<br />
4. Minister of Industry<br />
5. Minister of Agriculture<br />
6. Minister of Research and Technology<br />
7. Minister of Environment<br />
1. Ir. Agusman Effendi (Consumer)<br />
2. Prof. Ir. Rinaldy Dalimi, M.Sc, Ph. D<br />
(Academics)<br />
3. Dr. Ir. Herman Darnel Ibrahim, M.Sc<br />
(Industry)<br />
4. Dr. Ir. Tumiran, M.Eng (Academics)<br />
5. Prof.Dr. Ir. Mukhtasor, M. Eng. Ph.D<br />
(Environment Expert)<br />
6. Prof. Dr. Herman Agustiawan (Consumer)<br />
2
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
The ROLE OF NEC<br />
N<br />
E<br />
C<br />
Preparing and Formulating<br />
National Energy Policy (KEN)<br />
Determining<br />
National Energy General Plan<br />
(RUEN)<br />
Determining<br />
Guidelines in Addressing Energy<br />
Crisis and Emergency Situation<br />
NEC VISION<br />
To Ensure Energy<br />
Security that<br />
Support Sustainable<br />
National<br />
Development<br />
Monitoring and Supervising<br />
the Implementation of Cross –<br />
Sectoral Energy Policies<br />
3
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
RELATION OF NEP - NATIONAL ENERGY PLANNING<br />
University,<br />
Society,<br />
Local<br />
Government,<br />
Scientist,<br />
Industry sector,<br />
Other<br />
Stakeholders<br />
Law Num. 30/2007 on<br />
Energy<br />
NATIONAL ENERGY<br />
POLICY to 2050<br />
It Has been<br />
delivered to DPR<br />
by The president<br />
as NEC Chairman<br />
Law No. 30/2009 On<br />
Electricity<br />
RUED<br />
Province<br />
RUEN<br />
RUKN<br />
RUED<br />
Distric/city<br />
RUPTL<br />
4
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
ENERGY SOURCES<br />
Sources exploited<br />
from Mining :<br />
Resources are<br />
limited<br />
Sources come<br />
from many type:<br />
continuous,<br />
recycling and<br />
sustain<br />
Human being,<br />
environmental<br />
security,<br />
sustainability ,<br />
<strong>energy</strong> security,<br />
economic<br />
consideration<br />
5
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
Aplication of Energy<br />
1. Industrial Sector: Cement, textile, otomotive, garment, stell<br />
processing, food, manufactures, others.<br />
2. Office and management: Building, hotel, goverment and<br />
private office, education.<br />
3. Transportation: cars, bus, trucks, train, private car,<br />
4. Lighting: office, hotel, building, housing, road,<br />
5. Housing : cooking, cooling system, heating, lighting<br />
others.<br />
6. feedstock<br />
6
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
Growth of Energy Demand<br />
Factors affecting <strong>energy</strong> demand growth:<br />
1. Population Growth<br />
2. Economic growth<br />
3. Industrial Growth<br />
4. Administration , office and Hotel<br />
5. Human welfare<br />
6. Change of Daily activities habit<br />
7
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
World Energy Demand<br />
World economic growth is clearly linked to the increasing availability of<br />
<strong>energy</strong> sources. Three fuels, oil, coal and natural gas dominate the world’s<br />
primary <strong>energy</strong> market. According to IEA in 2011, world marketed <strong>energy</strong><br />
consumption grows by 53 percent from 2008 to 2035. Total world <strong>energy</strong><br />
use rises from 505 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu) in 2008 to 619<br />
quadrillion Btu in 2020 and 770 quadrillion Btu in 2035.Much of the<br />
growth in <strong>energy</strong> consumption occurs in countries outside the Organization<br />
for Economic Cooperation and Development (non-OECD nations) , where<br />
demand is driven by strong long-term economic growth. Energy use in<br />
non-OECD nations increases by 85 percent in the Reference case, as<br />
compared with an increase of 18 percent for the OECD economies<br />
8
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
WORLD ENERGY DEMAND GROWTH<br />
9
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
WORLD ENERGY DEMAND AND GROWTH<br />
10
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
NATIONAL ENERGY CONDITION<br />
11
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
Indonesia gas production,<br />
consumption and export<br />
12
INDONESIA COAL PRODUCTION AND<br />
EXPORT<br />
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
13
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
NATIONAL ENERGY SITUATION<br />
Low <strong>energy</strong><br />
access<br />
High<br />
Energy<br />
Demand<br />
Low<br />
<strong>energy</strong><br />
supply<br />
security<br />
Decrease<br />
fossil <strong>energy</strong><br />
reserve<br />
R&D Capacity of<br />
<strong>energy</strong> industry and<br />
infrastructure is not<br />
optimal<br />
NRE<br />
utilization is<br />
not optimal<br />
Current<br />
Condition<br />
Fossil <strong>energy</strong> as<br />
export<br />
commodity<br />
Inefficiency and<br />
low conservation<br />
on <strong>energy</strong><br />
management<br />
The New<br />
National<br />
Energy Policy<br />
To Ensure<br />
Energy<br />
Security that<br />
Support<br />
Sustainable<br />
National<br />
Development<br />
Energy<br />
reserve not<br />
available<br />
Energy price<br />
subsidized<br />
Geopolitic<br />
and global<br />
environment<br />
issue<br />
Energy Security is a condition ensuring the<br />
availability of <strong>energy</strong>, people's access to<br />
<strong>energy</strong> at affordable prices in the long term<br />
and is not affected by regional and<br />
international issue<br />
14
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
ECONOMIC AND ENERGY INDICATORS 2011<br />
No. INDICATOR INDONESIA JAPAN CHINA<br />
1 Population (thousand people) 241.134 127.360 1.344.130<br />
2 GDP (million US$) 846.832 5.867.154 7.318.499<br />
3 GDP/Capita (thousand US$) 3.512 46.067 5.445<br />
4<br />
5<br />
Final Energy Consumption<br />
(million TOE)<br />
Energy Consumption/Capita<br />
(TOE/Capita)<br />
119,2 334,7 2.613<br />
0,5 2,6 1,94<br />
6 Power Plant Capacity(GW) 34,5 287 1.073<br />
7<br />
8<br />
Electricity Consumption/Capita<br />
(kwh/Capita)<br />
Share Renewable Energy in<br />
Energy Mix<br />
655,2 8.746 3.488<br />
4,05% 16% 11%<br />
15
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION<br />
IN ASEAN COUNTRIES 2010<br />
No.<br />
Country<br />
Population<br />
(Million)<br />
Power Plant<br />
(Billion kWh)<br />
GDP/<br />
Capita<br />
Electricity per Capita<br />
(kWh/Capita)<br />
1 Brunei<br />
Darussalam<br />
0.39 3 54,400 8,308<br />
2 Singapore 4.66 41 48,500 8,185<br />
3 Malaysia 25.72 103 14,200 3,490<br />
4 Thailand 65.91 148 7,900 2,079<br />
5 Vietnam 86.97 61 2,500 799<br />
6 Indonesia 240.27 142 3,500 591<br />
7 Filipina 97.98 57 3,100 588<br />
8 Laos 6.83 2 1,900 178<br />
9 Cambodia 14.49 1 1,800 113<br />
10 Myanmar 48.14 6 1,100 97<br />
16
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
POWER PLANT GENERATION BY PLN 2011<br />
Sumber : Diolah dari berbagai sumber<br />
source: PT. PLN<br />
17
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
18
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
ENERGY SUBSIDIES<br />
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012<br />
Oil Price in APBN<br />
(US$/barel)<br />
63,8 69,7 97,0 61,6 80,0 110,0 90,0<br />
Fuel Subsidies (trillion Rp) 64,2 83,8 139,1 45,0 88,9 165,2 211,9<br />
Electricity Subsidies<br />
(trilion Rp)<br />
30,4 33,1 83,9 49,5 55,1 93,4<br />
94,6<br />
(103)<br />
Sumber : Diolah dari berbagai sumber<br />
Source: Kementerian ESDM<br />
19
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
ENERGY DEMAND FORCAST TO 2050<br />
20
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
KEY ASSUMPTION<br />
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2040 2050<br />
Population million 238 250 261 271 280 299 307<br />
Growth % 1,5 1,0 0,9 0,8 0,7 0,7 0,3<br />
World<br />
Population<br />
million 6.900 7.284 7.650 8.011 8.300 8.850 9.200<br />
GDP<br />
billion<br />
USD<br />
711 1.335 2.416 4.257 6.793<br />
12.98<br />
9<br />
20.16<br />
9<br />
Growth GDP % 6,6 13,4 12,6 12 9,8 6,7 4,5<br />
GDP/Cap USD 2.987 5.340 9.257<br />
15.70<br />
8<br />
24.26<br />
1<br />
43.44<br />
1<br />
65.69<br />
7<br />
21
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND TO 2050<br />
TARGET SATUAN 2015 2020 2025 2050<br />
Primary Energy Supply MTOE 215 290 400 1.000<br />
Primary Energy Supply per<br />
Capita<br />
TOE 0,9 1,1 1,4 3,2<br />
Power Plant Generation GW 49 79 115 430<br />
Electricity Consumption per<br />
Capita<br />
KWh 832 1308 2.500 7.000<br />
Target:<br />
• Energy Elasticity< 1 (year 2025)<br />
• Electrification Ratio : 100% (year 2020)<br />
22
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY<br />
23
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
The Macro View of Energy Policy<br />
1. Changing paradigm in Energy Policy: Natural Resources from commodity to<br />
be National Development Assets.<br />
2. Improving efficiency, conservation, and special attention for sustainable<br />
development in the national <strong>energy</strong> management policy<br />
3. To increase the contribution of renewable <strong>energy</strong> in the national <strong>energy</strong> <strong>mix</strong><br />
continuously.<br />
4. To increase the fossil <strong>energy</strong> resources and proven reserved , and reduce it<br />
contribution (percentage) in the national <strong>energy</strong> <strong>mix</strong>.<br />
5. To improve independency in the National Energy Management, accelerating<br />
to open job creation, accelerating the role and participation of domestic<br />
industry in <strong>energy</strong> sector, and to boast research and development in <strong>energy</strong><br />
sector.<br />
6. To accelerate opening <strong>energy</strong> access for all people<br />
7. To secure <strong>energy</strong> supply, especially electricity, oil and gas.<br />
8. To optimize the using of Natural Energy Resources for Economic Development of the<br />
Nation based on “ Economic Added value Process”<br />
9. To improve the understanding that the fossil <strong>energy</strong> must be stored as long as<br />
possible to guaranty the security of the Nation to the all stake holders.<br />
10. To declare and securing The strategic National Energy reserved<br />
24
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY DIRECTION<br />
1. Availability of Energy<br />
2. Priority of Energy Development<br />
3. National <strong>energy</strong> resources utilization<br />
4. National <strong>energy</strong> reserve<br />
5. Conservation and diversification<br />
6. Environment and Safety<br />
7. Price, subsidy, and incentive<br />
8. Energy infrastructure and industry<br />
9. Energy research and development<br />
10. Institution and Financing<br />
25
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
CONTRIBUTIONS OF ENERGY IN NATIONAL ECONOMY<br />
DEVELOPMENT<br />
Energy is one of the important input in economic development<br />
ENERGY<br />
OTHERS<br />
INPUT<br />
ECONOMIC<br />
OUTPUT<br />
26
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
ENERGY, INFRASTRUCTURE, TECHNOLOGY & NATIONAL<br />
DEVELOPMENT<br />
ENERGY<br />
SUPPLY<br />
• Renewable<br />
• Oil<br />
• Gas<br />
• Coal<br />
ENERGY<br />
TRANSFORMATION<br />
• Refining<br />
• Power Plant<br />
ENERGY<br />
DEMAND<br />
• Industry<br />
• Transportation<br />
• Commercial<br />
• Household<br />
INFRASTRUCTURE<br />
TECHNOLOGY<br />
Without any synergies between the above factors,<br />
the provision of <strong>energy</strong> demand growth will be<br />
interrupted so that sustainable development can not<br />
be achieved<br />
27
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
CONTRIBUTION OF ENERGY/ELECTRICITY IN INDUSTRIAL<br />
SECTOR<br />
Energi Fosil<br />
dan<br />
Non Fosil<br />
Kontribusi Energi Listrik (5-15)% Cukup, Handal, Berkualitas<br />
Sumber Alam 1<br />
Sumber Alam 2<br />
Sumber Alam 3<br />
SWASTA (85-95)%<br />
PRODUKSI<br />
PENGOLAHAN<br />
Tax<br />
Tax<br />
Produk<br />
Nilai Tambah<br />
Salary<br />
Multiplier<br />
PENCIPTAAN LAPANGAN KERJA<br />
Teknologi<br />
SDM<br />
Added Value<br />
Transformasi<br />
Brainware & Skill<br />
Teknologi<br />
Listrik Tidak Cukup,,,<br />
NOTHING<br />
28
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
ROLE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TO SUPPORT ENERGY<br />
SECURITY<br />
29
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
5% Minyak Bumi Batubara<br />
2010 2025<br />
24%<br />
ENERGY MIX<br />
Gas Bumi<br />
EBT<br />
23%<br />
25%<br />
22% 49%<br />
30%<br />
22%<br />
(%)<br />
Realisasi tahun 2010, Pusdatin, KESDM<br />
2030<br />
25%<br />
22%<br />
31%<br />
20%<br />
2050<br />
30%<br />
23%<br />
25%<br />
24%<br />
30
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
GEOTHERMAL POTENTIAL<br />
PLTP SIBAYAK: 12 MW<br />
PLTP LAHENDONG: 80 MW<br />
PLTP WAYANG WINDU: 227 MW<br />
PLTP ULUBELU: 110 MW<br />
PLTP GUNUNG SALAK: 377 MW<br />
PLTP KAMOJANG: 200 MW<br />
PLTP ULUMBU: 5 MW<br />
PLTP DARAJAT: 270 MW<br />
PLTP DIENG: 60 MW<br />
Source: Badan Geologi KESDM (2011)<br />
Preliminary Survey Ready to be developed<br />
Detailed Survey<br />
Installed<br />
No. Island Total Location Potency (MW)<br />
1 Sumatera 86 13,470<br />
2 Jawa & Bali 76 10,013<br />
3 Nusa Tenggara 22 1,471<br />
4 Kalimantan 12 145<br />
5 Sulawesi 56 2,939<br />
6 Maluku & Papua 33 1,126<br />
TOTAL 285 29,164<br />
31<br />
31
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT ROAD MAP (2008 –<br />
2025)<br />
958 MW<br />
1442 MW<br />
1158 MW<br />
1400 MW<br />
3500 MW<br />
EXISTING<br />
MINING<br />
WORK<br />
AREA<br />
EXISTING<br />
MINING<br />
WORK<br />
AREA<br />
EXISTING<br />
MINING<br />
WORK<br />
AREA +<br />
NEW<br />
NEW<br />
MINING<br />
WORK<br />
AREA<br />
NEW<br />
MINING<br />
WORK<br />
AREA<br />
Presented by Minister ESDM in Bali<br />
2010<br />
32
GW<br />
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
POWER GENERATION CAPACITY FORCAST<br />
500<br />
450<br />
400<br />
350<br />
300<br />
250<br />
200<br />
150<br />
100<br />
50<br />
-<br />
2015 2020 2025 2030 2040 2050<br />
Geothermal Capacity 2 5 6 7 8 13<br />
National Capacity 49 79 115 159 270 430<br />
33
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
The Important in accelerating Geothermal<br />
1. To increase the security of Electric supply<br />
2. To Reduce the contribution of Oil for power plant<br />
3. To reduce Electricity Production Cost<br />
4. To bost Economic Growth in Geothermal Power Plant<br />
Region and area connected to electricity grid<br />
5. To create new Job<br />
6. To increase the contribution of Renewable Energy<br />
All the obstacle for implementing it must be over<br />
come<br />
34
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
THANK YOU<br />
DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL<br />
4 th fl. Badiklat ESDM Building, Jl. Jenderal Gatot Subroto Kav 49<br />
Jakarta Selatan<br />
Tel. (+6221) 52921621<br />
Fax. (+6221) 52920190<br />
www.den.go.id<br />
35
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