Industrial microbial enzymes: their discovery by screening and use ...

374 Protein technologies and commercial enzymes
References and recommended reading
Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review,
have been highlighted as:
of special interest
of outstanding interest
1. Yamada H, Shimizu S: Microbial and enzymatic processes for the
production of biologically and chemically useful compounds.
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2. Koeller KM, Wong CH: Enzymes for chemical synthesis. Nature
2001, 409:232-240.
3. Schmid A, Dordick JS, Hauer B, Kiener A, Wubbolt M, Witholt B:
Industrial biocatalysis today and tomorrow. Nature 2001,
409:258-268.
4. Shimizu S, Ogawa J, Kataoka M, Kobayashi M: Screening of novel
microbial enzymes for the production of biologically and
chemically useful compounds. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol 1997,
58:45-87.
5. Ogawa J, Shimizu S: Microbial enzymes: new industrial
• applications from traditional screening methods. Trends
Biotechnol 1999, 17:13-21.
This review summarizes the industrial microbial enzymes derived from
traditional screening along with the strategy of screening.
6. Kinoshita S, Udaka S, Shimono M: Studies on the amino acid
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7. Beppu T: Development of applied microbiology to modern
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A brief history of biotechnology development in Japan. The author points out
the importance of Japanese tradition supporting the current development.
8. Kumagai H: Microbial production of amino acids in Japan. Adv
Biochem Eng Biotechnol 2000, 69:71-85.
9. Ogawa J, Shimizu S: Stereoselective synthesis using
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11. Ikenaka Y, Nanba H, Yajima K, Yamada Y, Takano M, Takahashi S:
• Thermostability reinforcement through a combination of
thermostability-related mutations of N-carbamoyl-D-amino acid
amidohydrolase. Biosci Biotech Biochem 1999, 63:91-95.
This paper describes an early example of directed evolution by random mutagenesis
for the creation of an enzyme of practical stability.
12. Ozaki A, Shibasaki T, Mori H: Specific proline and hydroxyproline
detection method by post-column derivatization for highperformance
liquid chromatography. Biosci Biotech Biochem
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13. Shibasaki T, Mori H, Chiba S, Ozaki A: Microbial proline
4-hydroxylase screening and gene cloning. Appl Environ Microbiol
1999, 65:4028-4031.
14. Mori H, Shibasaki T, Yano K, Ozaki A: Purification and cloning of a
proline 3-hydroxylase, a novel enzyme which hydroxylates free
L-proline to cis-3-hydroxy-L-proline. J Bacteriol 1997,
179:5677-5683.
15. Shibasaki T, Mori H, Ozaki A: Enzymatic production of trans-4
• hydroxy- L-proline by regio- and stereospecific hydroxylation of
L-proline. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000, 64:746-750.
Industrialization of trans-4-hydroxy proline production with an E. coli
transformant overexpressing proline 4-hydrolylase from an actinomycete.
16. Yamada H, Kumagai H: Synthesis of L-tyrosine-related amino acids
by β-tyrosinase. Adv Appl Microbiol 1975, 19:249-288.
17. Katayama T, Suzuki H, Koyanagi T, Kumagai H: Cloning and random
• mutagenesis of the Erwinia herbicola tyrR gene for high-level
expression of tyrosine phenol-lyase. Appl Environ Microbiol 2000,
66:4764-4771.
This work describes the construction of an Erwinia herbicola mutant with
mutations in a regulatory protein, TyrR. The mutant overexpresses tyrosine
phenol-lyase (TPL) in sufficient quantities for industrial production, even in
the absence of the essential inducer L-tyrosine.
18. Fujio T, Nishi T, Ito S, Maruyama A: High level expression of XMP
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production of 5′-guanylic acid. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1997,
61:840-845.
19. Mori H, Iida A, Fujio T, Teshiba S: A novel process of inosine
5′-monophosphate production using overexpressed
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48:693-698.
20. Asano Y, Mihara Y, Yamada H: A new enzymatic method of
selective phosphorylation of nucleosides. J Mol Catal B: Enzymatic
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21. Asano Y, Mihara Y, Yamada H: A novel selective nucleoside
phosphorylating enzyme from Morganella morganii. J Biosci
Bioeng 1999, 87:732-738.
22. Mihara Y, Utagawa T, Yamada H, Asana Y: Phosphorylation of
• nucleosides by the mutated acid phosphatase from Morganella
morganii. Appl Environ Microbiol 2000, 66:2811-2816.
Random mutagenesis was used to create an acid phosphatase with
decreased phosphatase activity, which is useful for nucleoside 5′-phosphorylation.
The mutant enzyme effectively catalyzed position-selective phosphorylation
of nucleosides with pyrophosphate as a phosphate donor.
23. Schoffers E, Golebiowski A, Johnson CR: Enantioselective
synthesis through enzymatic asymmetrization. Tetrahedron 1996,
52:3769-3826.
24. Shimizu S, Kataoka M, Shimizu K, Hirakata M, Sakamoto K,
Yamada H: Purification and characterization of a novel
lactonohydrolase, catalyzing the hydrolysis of aldonate lactones
and aromatic lactones, from Fusarium oxysporum. Eur J Biochem
1992, 209:383-390.
25. Kataoka M, Honda K, Shimizu S: 3,4-Dihydrocoumarin hydrolase
with haloperoxidase activity from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
F46. Eur J Biochem 2000, 267:3-10.
26. Kataoka M, Shimizu K, Sakamoto K, Yamada H, Shimizu S:
Optical resolution of racemic pantolactone with a novel fungal
enzyme, lactonohydrolase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1995,
43:974-977.
27. Kataoka M, Shimizu K, Sakamoto K, Yamada H, Shimizu S:
Lactonohydrolase-catalyzed optical resolution of pantoyl lactone:
selection of a potent enzyme producer and optimization of culture
and reaction conditions for practical resolution. Appl Microbiol
Biotechnol 1995, 44:333-338.
28. Shimizu S, Kataoka M, Honda K, Sakamoto K: Lactone-ring-cleaving
• enzymes of microorganisms: their diversity and applications.
J Biotechnol 2001, 92:187-194.
This review summarizes the lactonases obtained through screening. They were
applied to large-scale optical resolution and regioselective ester hydrolysis.
29. Kataoka M, Rohani LPS, Wada M, Kita K, Yanase H, Urabe I,
Shimizu S: Escherichia coli transformant expressing the glucose
dehydrogenase gene from Bacillus megaterium as a cofactor
regenerator in a chiral alcohol producing system. Biosci
Biotechnol Biochem 1998, 62:167-169.
30. Kataoka M, Sakai H, Morikawa T, Katoh M, Miyoshi T, Shimizu S,
Yamada H: Characterization of aldehyde reductase of
Sporobolomyces salmonicolor. Biochim Biophys Acta 1992,
1122:57-62.
31. Wada M, Kataoka M, Kawabata H, Yasohara Y, Kizaki N, Hasegawa J,
Shimizu S: Purification and characterization of NADPH-dependent
carbonyl reductase, involved in stereoselective reduction of ethyl
4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate, from Candida magnoliae. Biosci
Biotechnol Biochem 1998, 62:280-285.
32. Kataoka M, Yamamoto K, Kawabata H, Wada M, Kita K, Yanase H,
Shimizu S: Stereoselective reduction of ethyl 4-chloro-3oxobutanoate
by Escherichia coli transformant cells
co-expressing the aldehyde reductase and glucose
dehydrogenase genes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1999,
51:486-490.
33. Kizaki N, Yasohara Y, Hasegawa J, Wada M, Kataoka M, Shimizu S:
• Synthesis of optically pure ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate
by Escherichia coli transformant cells coexpressing the carbonyl
reductase and glucose dehydrogenase genes. Appl Microbiol
Biotechnol 2001, 55:590-595.
A typical example of the industrial use of transformant E. coli co-expressing
reductase and NADPH-regenerating GDH.
34. Kita K, Nakase K, Yanase H, Kataoka M, Shimizu S: Purification and
characterization of new aldehyde reductase from