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Governance Knowledge CentrePromoted by Department of Administrative Reforms and Public GrievancesMinistry of Personnel, Public Grievances and PensionsGovernment of IndiaCase StudyPublic AdministrationState Nirmithi Kendra (KESNIK)December 2010Kerala StateTransparency and AccountabilityAward to the progenitor of the movement and the Kollam lam Centre gave further impetus to thespread of the Movement.International recognition was accorded to Nirmithi when the United Nations Commission forHuman Settlements at its 14 th session in Nairobi in May 1993 adopted a resolutionrecommending governments ents to set up institutions modeled on the Building Centres at thenational, provincial and grass root levels. As the prime mover behind Nirmithi, the directorwas awarded the Jawaharlal Nehru Fellowship for his contributions to the field of HabitatManagement.Through new lines of action effecting attitudinal changes Nirmithi has become synonymouswith cost effective environment friendly building technology. Public has accepted Nirmithistyle of construction which has neither compromised on quality nor aesthetics. To ensurequality criteria, Nirmithi have collaborated with the Bureau of Indian Standards, havecompiled standards and specifications for cost effective building materials and techniques.Seminars, workshops, conferences and demonstrations were organised to spread the messageof effective housing in rural areas.TRAININGNirmithi's foray into the field of building construction witnessed a severe shortage of skilledlabour in this particular style of construction. Various skills up gradation programmes wereorganised in masonry, carpentry, plumbing, landscaping and such other skills related tohousing and habitat.SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND UP GRADATIONEmployment oriented training programmes of the Government such as NRY (Nehru RozgarYojna) being implemented through Nirmithi has imparted training in skill up gradation tohundreds of youth and women. An amount of Rs.4, 608,000 for the period 1990-1995, wasutilised for the training of youth in various skill up gradation programmes. These programmes,having a wide reach, are being conducted through the district, regional and rural centres ofNirmithi.GROUPSSpecial training programmes for women and the weaker sections have been conducted with aview to giving them a meaningful role in habitat development. The following are the groupsfor the focused programmes:a) WomenAbout 2000 women have been trained in skills such as masonry, terracotta art, prefabrication,landscaping and in higher level training for application of computer software. Such5Researched and documented byOneWorld Foundation India
Governance Knowledge CentrePromoted by Department of Administrative Reforms and Public GrievancesMinistry of Personnel, Public Grievances and PensionsGovernment of IndiaCase StudyPublic AdministrationState Nirmithi Kendra (KESNIK)December 2010Kerala StateTransparency and Accountabilityprogrammes have helped reduce gender bias and increase women participation in theotherwise male dominated construction sector.b) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled TribesSpecial programmes for the backward sections of society such as the scheduled castes andscheduled tribes have been designed keeping in view their limits and constraints. Training hasbeen imparted to about 775 people belonging to these classes.c) Mentally HandicappedNirmithi has helped open up employment opportunities and thereby meaningfully integratedabout 200 mentally handicapped youth and is tied up with two institutions working for thementally handicapped.THE APPROACHThe Nirmithi Kendra at Quilon in Kerala is supplemented with the efforts of organizations suchas COSTFORD (Centre of Science and Technology for Rural Development), a non-profitvoluntary organization that trains masons, artisans, carpenters, architects and engineers inlowcost constructions practices and transfers them to the field through its housing projects.Their projects provide simple layouts, economical house designs, use of locally availablematerial resources and indigenous construction techniques which reduce material costs and arelabour intensive.STRATEGIES USEDTwo housing colonies developed in Trichur at Laloor and Nallankara are good examples of thestrategies proposed by COSTFORD and the Nirmithi Kendra towards solving the housing crisisin Kerala. Baker 2 construction systems are propagated through the Nirmithi Kendras. Examplesof numerous jali (brick lattice) designs are to be seen at the Nirmithi Kendra in Trichur whichshow that a verandah jali may sometimes suffice to lend individuality to a house. It alsodemonstrates the versatility in designs of brick compound walls with reinforced cementconcrete (RCC) coping and various kinds of gate posts. Innovations such as patch-pointing 3 ,brick jali 4 , cow dung and fly-ash flooring 5 , brick corbelling 6 , etc have been incorporated in the2Named after the famous architect Laurie Baker who pioneered sustainable ecofriendlyarchitecture withbrick and mud; and other local materials.3 Technique used for repairing through brickwork and masonry.4 Brick lattice5 Cowdung flooring refers to flooring with the use of cow excreta. Flyash is defined in Cement and ConcreteTerminology as the finely divided residue resulting from the combustion of ground or powdered coal, which istransported from the firebox through the boiler by flue gases. Flyash is a byproduct of coalfired electric generatingplants.6Researched and documented byOneWorld Foundation India
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