National Studbook of Indian Wild Ass - Central Zoo Authority

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Bibliography 1. Chittaranjan Dave Understanding Conflicts and Conservation of Indian Wild Ass around Little Rann of Kachh downloaded on 19.6.2010 http://www.ruffordsmallgrants.org/files/Final%20Report_43.doc 2. David Saltz; Daniel I. Rubenstein Population Dynamics of a Reintroduced Asiatic Wild Ass (Equus Hemionus) Herd, Ecological Applications, Vol. 5, No. 2. (May, 1995), pp. 327-335. 3. Feh, C.; N. Shah, M. Rowen, R. Reading and S.P. Goyal Status and Action Plan for the Asiatic Wild Ass (Equus hemionus) in Moehlman, Patricia D. (ed.). (2002). Equids: Zebras, Asses and Horses. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. ix + 190 pp. 4. Pollak, J. P., R. C. Lacy and J. D. Ballou. 2005. Population Management 2000, version 1.213. Chicago Zoological Society, Brookfield, IL. 5. Scobie, P. 1997. Single Population and Records Keeping System (SPARKS) 1.54. ISIS, Minnesota USA. 6. Shah, N. 2004. Indian Wild Ass or Khur (Equus hemionus khur Pallas, 1775). Pp. 115- 124. in K. Shankar and S.P. Goyal (Eds.) Ungulates of India. ENVIS Bulletin: Wildlife and Protected Areas, Vol. 07, No. 1. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun India. Pp 448. 21
Glossary of Terms Demographic Terms Age Distribution -- A two-way classification showing the numbers or percentages of individuals in various age and sex classes. Population Growth Rate (Lambda, λ) -- The proportional change in population size from one year to the next. Lambda can be based on life-table calculations (the expected lambda) or from observed changes in population size from year to year. A lambda of 1.11 means a 11% per year increase; lambda of .97 means a 3% decline in size per year. Px, Age-Specific Survival – The probability that an individual of age x survives one time period; is conditional on an individual being alive at the beginning of the time period. Alternatively, the proportion of individuals which survive from the beginning of one age class to the next. Qx, Mortality – Probability that an individual of age x dies during time period. Qx = 1-Px The proportion of individuals that die during an age class. It is calculated from the number of animals that die during an age class divided by the number of animals that were alive at the beginning of the age class (i.e.-"at risk"). lx, Age-Specific Survivorship – The probability that a new individual (e.g., age 0) is alive at the beginning of age x. Alternatively, the proportion of individuals which survive from birth to the beginning of a specific age class. Mx, Fecundity – The average number of same-sexed young born to animals in that age class. Because SPARKS is typically using relatively small sample sizes, SPARKS calculates Mx as 1/2 the average number of young born to animals in that age class. This provides a somewhat less "noisy" estimate of Mx, though it does not allow for unusual sex ratios. The fecundity rates provide information on the age of first, last, and maximum reproduction. Vx, Reproductive Value – The expected number of offspring produced this year and in future years by an animal of age x. Ex, Life Expectancy – Average years of further life for an animal in age class x. Risk (Qx or Mx) – The number of individuals that have lived during an age class. The number at risk is used to calculate Mx and Qx by dividing the number of births and deaths that occurred during an age class by the number of animals at risk of dying and reproducing during that age class. 22
Page 1 and 2: National Studbook of Indian Wild As
Page 3 and 4: Copyright © WII, Dehradun, and CZA
Page 5 and 6: Contents Sl. No. Topic Page No. 1.
Page 7 and 8: Scrubland with low to medium densit
Page 9 and 10: Table 2 Location wise listing of li
Page 11 and 12: Sl. Home No. Name/ Local ID Tag No.
Page 13 and 14: Sl. Home No. Name/ Local ID Tag No.
Page 15 and 16: Population Planning/ Recommendation
Page 17 and 18: Based on the results obtained from
Page 19 and 20: Age Distribution The age distributi
Page 21 and 22: Mortality Rate [Qx] the proportion
Page 23 and 24: Genetic analyses Indian wild ass is
Page 25: Conclusions Indian wild ass, an equ
Page 29 and 30: Mean Generation Time (T) -- The ave
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