The possible hybrid origin of the feather mite Avenzoaria canuti ...

126 Agnieszka Badek and Jacek Dabert
Fig. 7. Unrooted neighbour-joining trees for males and females. Host names are shown in parentheses.
Numbers in T. glareola designate the population locations given in Table 1.
tal shield, Fig. 2). It shows also intermediate proportions of 2 character states between
A. totani and A. calidridis (e.g. shape of interior tooth of the postlobar membrane,
Fig. 4).
A summary of results of the discriminant analysis for all 11 populations studied
is presented in Figure 6. It shows very clearly that for both males and females
we have to do with 3 morphologically distinct clusters of individuals that most probably
have a species rank.
Phylogenetic analysis
The results of the phylogenetic analysis are very surprising. The reconstructed
tree of males differs from female one for some clusters (Fig. 7).
In both trees, A. totani and A. calidridis populations are located in separate
clades, which supports their placement in different taxa (species?). There is a distinct
tendency in the cluster totani to differentiation of 2 monophyletic groups: (1)
originating from Tringa glareola; and (2) from T. totanus and T. stagnatilis. The
interpretation of the calidridis cluster is more uncertain because the pattern is based
on a very small number of males for Calidris alpina and C. minuta. Yet the reciprocal
relationships of the remaining taxa – C. alba, C. ferruginea, and C. temminckii
– is the same in both male and female trees.