Section 2 Integrated weed management (IWM) - Weeds Australia

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Keeping a photographic recordTaking a photo is an excellent way to keep arecord and can be used for annual monitoring.This is best done by clearly marking a ‘photopoint’. For example, a picket or tin lid fixedsecurely into the ground, and then mark theposition on your map. Remember to always facethe same direction when taking photos.Mapping is important for planningcontrol strategies and enables youto specifically target ‘hot spots’ oftussock(Canberra workshop).Take photos at different times of the year; beforeand after control treatments, and continue todo this on a yearly basis. This tool assists withmonitoring as it gives a visual representationof what is happening in the paddock and if anychange has occurred as a result of control.A number of ‘photo points’ can be madethroughout a property.Estimate densityEstimating the density of serrated tussockinfestations is important to help chooseappropriate control methods and to prioritiseareas for treatment. Serrated tussock is likely tooccur as ‘patches’ within a paddock or landscapeand it may be difficult to determine an overalldensity rating.Also look at the ratio of adult tussocks tojuvenile plants or seedlings and whether thereis evidence of mature seed heads. This will helpprovide information on the age of the infestationand whether it is well established or a relativelyrecent incursion—which in turn helps identify thebest mix of control measures.Visual assessment of densityVisual assessment is a simple way to determine<strong>weed</strong> density. It is quick and easy and usefulfor smaller sites and most species, but can besubjective. Figure 7 may help determine thepercentage cover of serrated tussock. Note thatcover can appear as scattered plants throughouta paddock or as a clump. A cover of 50% canappear very dense.The density of the infestation will help determinewhich <strong>management</strong> techniques to use.• A density of less than 10% ground cover isconsidered a light, scattered infestation.• Density of 10–30% ground cover is amedium level infestation.• Density of greater than 30% ground cover isconsidered a high level infestation.30
ScatteredLocalised denseCover value5%Light and scatteredManually removeindividual plants10%20%Medium densitySpot treatindividual plants30%40%Heavy density50%Consider usingbroadacre treatmentsFigure 7: A guide to visually estimate serrated tussock as a percentage of ground cover.(Source: Lane, D, Jugovic, J, Murphy, G. and Backholer, J. (1988) Pest Management Information System Manual. LandProtection Division, Department of Conservation, Forests and Lands, Victoria)31
Page 3 and 4: Serrated tussock and integratedweed
Page 5 and 6: Ways to avoid herbicide resistance1
Page 7: The need for broadercommunity and/o
Page 12 and 13: Step 2: Set your objectivesObjectiv
Page 14 and 15: Step 4: Monitor outcomes and adjust
Page 16 and 17: A community basedapproach to managi
Page 18: Field day focussed on serrated tuss

Section 2 Integrated weed management (IWM) - Weeds Australia

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