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DECEMBER 2011 ISBN: 1-56432-836-8“Turning Pebbles”Evading Accountability for Post-Election Violence in KenyaGlossary of Abbreviations .................................................................................................. 1Summary ........................................................................................................................... 3Recommendations .............................................................................................................. 6Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 9I. Background: Cycles of Violence and Impunity ................................................................ 10Empowered by Impunity: The 2007-2008 Post-Election Violence ............................................. 12Ongoing Abuses ..................................................................................................................... 14Looking Abroad for Justice ...................................................................................................... 15II. Half-Hearted National Efforts toward Accountability...................................................... 16Initial Caseload: Priority Cases ................................................................................................ 17The Department of Public Prosecutions Report of February 2009 ............................................. 18Police Investigation of Sexual Offences .................................................................................. 20Failure to Create a Special Tribunal ......................................................................................... 22The Department of Public Prosecutions Report of March 2011 .................................................. 25Kenya’s Investigations of ICC Suspects ................................................................................... 27III. Government Prosecutions of “Priority” Cases and Other Serious Crimes: A Failure ....... 29Acquittals and Withdrawals in Six High-Profile Cases .............................................................. 301. Republic v. Stephen Kiprotich Leting & 3 Others (The Kiambaa Church Burning) ............. 302. Republic v. Jackson Kibor ............................................................................................. 323. Republic v. Edward Kirui ............................................................................................... 334. Republic v. Paul Kiptoo Barno, James Yutor Korir, and Isaiah Kipkorir Leting: The Killing ofBenedict Omolo and Elias Wafula Wakhungu .................................................................... 345. Republic v. Francis Kipn’geno and Others: The Killing of Administration Police OfficerHassan Omar Dado .......................................................................................................... 366. The Killing of Father Michael Kamau ............................................................................. 37Acquittals and Withdrawals in Other Serious Cases ................................................................. 37Convictions in High-Profile and Serious Cases ......................................................................... 391. Republic v. Robert Kipngetich Kemboi and Kirkland Kipngeno Langat: The Killing of PoliceOfficers Peter Githinji and David Odhiambo ..................................................................... 402. Republic v. John Kimita Mwaniki ................................................................................... 41