L2 - Amides.pdf

Amides• Amine esters formed bythe reaction of carboxylicacids with amines.Naming AmidesFor simple amides having no alkyl groupson the amine nitrogen, use the carboxylicacid’s name dropping the –oic acid ending(IUPAC name) changing to –amide.Examples:Nylon, used inparachutes,clothes, etc… isan example of apolyamideNaming Amides, con’t.For monosubstituted anddisubstituted amides, Use N- todenote alkyl groups attached to thenitrogen atom.Examples:Physical Properties of AmidesHydrogenbonding betweenunsubstitutedamides causesthem to have highmelting points.Physical Properties, cont.Amides can form hydrogen bonds withwater, making smaller amide moleculesrather water soluble.Somecommonamidesinmedicine1

Amides as Aspirin SubstitutesAcetaminophen•Good painreliever•Has no antiinflammatoryeffect•Not a goodsubstitute foraspirinIbuprofen•Not really anamide.•better antiinflammatorythan aspirinNaproxenA.K.A. Aleve•Longer lastingform of ibuprofen•A regular hydrogenbondingpattern amongKevlar polymer strandscontributes to the greatstrength of this polymer.Amides make usefulpolymers due to the chemistrypossible at both the amine andcarboxylic acid ends. Nylonand Kevlar ® are just a coupleof examples.Amide ReactionsAmides are neither acidic nor basic.Hydrolysis of an Amide –(substitution) the reverse of amideformation, where an amide is cleaved toproduce a carboxylic acid and an amineor ammonia.Amide Reactions – Hydrolysis, cont.The products of an amide hydrolysisdepend on whether the reactionoccurred in acidic or basic conditions.Specific Examples:2