Philmont scout ranch

PHILMONT SCOUT RANCHandEXPLORER BASECIMARRON. NEW MEXICO

TABLE OF CONTENTSPageI . PHILMONT SCOUT RANCH ...................... 2A SPECIAL MESSAGE TO THEEXPEDITION LEADER ........................... 3ROSTER OF INDIVIDUAL EXPEDITIONS ........ 4I1 . PREPARATION FOR THE HIGH ADVENTURE .. 5Fee Payments ................................. 5Insurance ...................................... 5Tour Permit ................................... 5Transportation ................................. 5...............................Travel Etiquette 6Health and Medical Record - Medical Inspection 7Tetanus Shots ................................. 7Personal Equipment ........................... 7"My Personal Equipment" Check List ........ 8Group Equipment ............................. 9Special Notes ................................ 10Know Your Expedition Number ................ 10Your Philmont Mail Address ................... 11Emergency Telephone Number at Philmont .... 11Trading Post at Philmont ....................... 11Fill Out Registration Card Completely ......... 11Training For the Big One ...................... 12I11 . WHAT'S IN STORE FOR YOU AT PHILMONT? .. 14A Beautiful Piece of Geography ................ 14A Rugged Road of Adventure .................. 14The Philrnont Staff ............................. 14The Formula for Adventure .................... 15Your Philmont Itinerary ........................ 15Philmont Grace ................................ 16Meal Schedule ................................. 16Program Opportunities forSpecialty Explorer Posts ....................... 16Taos Trip ...................................... 16Program Features ............................. 17Camping .................................... 18Camping With Little or No Water ............. 18Camping Skills .............................. 18Hiking ...................................... 19Campfires - On The Trail ................... 20Conservation and Camp Improvement ........ 20TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)PageArchaeology ................................... 20Astronomy ..................................... 21Burros ......................................... 21Field Biology .................................. 21Fishing (and Fly Tying) ......................... 21Forestry ....................................... 22Earth Science .................................. 22Gold Mining and Panning .......;.............. 22Horseback Riding ............................. 23NRA Hunter Safety and Marksmanship ........ 23Trapshooting ................................ 23Running Deer Range ........................ 24Map Reading .................................. 24Survival ....................................... 24Weather Stations .............................. 24Western Lore .................................. 24Advanced Dutch Oven Cooking ................. 25Fruit Cobblers ............................... 25Reach for the Big Ones .......................... 25Mount Waite Phillips .......................... 25Top of Baldy Mountain ....................... 25Hike to Tooth of Time ......................... 25Others. Too .................................. 25Good Food ..................................... 26Trail Menus ................................. 26Philrnont Awards .............................. 28"We All Made It" Plaque .................... 28Arrowhead Patch ............................ 28Merit Badges ................................ 2850-Miler Award ............................. 29Souvenirs ..................................... 29Spending Money and Cash ..................... 29Religious Services ............................. 29Protestant ................................... 30Catholic ..................................... 31Jewish ...................................... 31Mormon ..................................... 31Worship Services at Philrnont ................ 31Philmont Museums ............................ 32

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)PageIV. WELCOME TO PHILMONT.. 33.......................Day One at Philmont.. .......................... 33Reception Center .............................. 33Meet Your Ranger ............................. 33At Camping Headquarters ..................... 34Day Two at Philmont .......................... 36Day Three at Philmont ....................... 36Days Four through Eleven at Philrnont ......... 37Day Twelve at Philmont ....................... 37The End of Your Expedition ................. 37Morning of Thirteenth Day .................... 38"PHILMONT HYMN" ......................... 38V. REMAIN STRONG AND HEALTHY.. .............. 39Keep Personally Clean ......................... 39Purify All Drinking Water .................... 39Wash Your Dishes Thoroughly ................. 39Latrines ....................................... 40Take Proper Care of Your Feet ................ 40Beware Lightning and Flash Floods.. ........... 40Avoid the Plague .............................. 40Repel Those Mosquitos ......................... 41What To Do When "Confused" ................. 41In Case You Are Injured or I11 ................. 41Medical Treatment ............................ 42I VI. KEEP PHILMONT BEAUTIFUL ...................Wilderness Manners ...........................Don't Be A Litter Bug .........................1 Garbage and Trash Disposal ...................i Dishwater .....................................IPrevent Forest Fires ..........................Safety .........................................Nature ........................................Leave Guns and Fireworks at Home ...........Smoking .......................................I EPILOGUE ........................................ 47MY PHILMONT TRIP - INTERESTING FACTS .. 48iITHIS GUIDEBOOK IS DEDICATED-To the expedition leader, who will leavethe comforts of his home to lead his boyson the rugged road of adventure; and-To the Scout and Explorer campers whohave made the great decision to go toPhilmont.The pages that follow have been prepared tohelp you- Plan- Prepare- Organize- Trainfor the great adventure.Philmont keenly awaits your arrival.Ray H. BryanDirector of PropertiesNational CouncilBoy Scouts of AmericaJoe DavisDirector of CampingPhilmont Scout Ranchand Explorer Base

PHILMONT SCOUT RANCH AND EXPLORER BASEROSTERofINDIVIDUAL EXPEDITIONSIF CHARTERED UNIT, TROOP NO.EXPLORER POST NO.-PROVISIONAL UNIT NO.EXPEDITION NUMBER"(* -As assigned by Philmont. For multiple expeditions on same day,use separate roster for each and identify with 1, 2, 3. 4, 5, etc.For example. 620-A-1.)I I NAME I AGE ICOMMENTS10. I I I(For additional names, please use back of sheet.)Note: An ideal expedition for hiking and camping at Philmont consistsof one adult leader and about ten boys. Two adult leadersis even better for it insures continuity of Ie dership in theevent that one leader becomes incapacitated. $ore important,two men can complement each other's leadership and this resultsin fuller enjoyment of fellowship and comradeship on the trail.4PREPARATION FOR THE HIGH ADVENTUREPART I1A Philmont expedition is a big event requiring careful planningand preparation. There are numerous details that needto be taken care of prior to departure. A number of thesedetails are listed below. The expedition leader may want toreview this list with the council staff coordinator. Then, theyshould be shared with the members of the expedition.FEE PAYMENTSYour local council has established a schedule of feepayments. Make certain you have this schedule and, moreimportant, see to it that every member of the crew adheresto this schedule.The reservation fee of $5.00 per camper is a part of thetotal fez of$53,00.%%-is NOT REFUNDABLE.INSURANCEIn order to be protected, each member of the expeditionshould be covered by accident and health insurance. Thisis suggested by Campways- BSA Atlas and Tours andExpeditions. Consult with your local council office for informationon the type of insurance that is recommended.TOUR PERMITIn the expedition leader's kit there is a NationaI applicationfor a tour permit, Form 4419-A. Complete this formand follow the instructions for transmittal. When approved,you will receive the National Tour Permit, Form No. 1341.Carry this permit with you throughout the trip.Refer to Campways - BSA Atlas and Tours and Expedilionsfor helpful information on trip planning, places tostay, things to see en route, prices, etc. - available throughyour local council or through the National Supply Service,Boy Scouts of America, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903.TRANSPORTAnONThe majority of groups will be traveling to Philmont bybus or train. Here is pertinent information regardingtravel:BUS: Chartered Buses come directly to Philmont, whichis 5 miles from Cimarron.TRAIN- SANTA FE RAILROAD: Raton, New Mexico,is your nearest station and is 45 miles from Philrnont.A Philmont bus will pick up your group at Raton.There is a charge of $3.00 per person from Raton toPhilmont and return.

TRAIN - CHICAGO, BURLINGTON, & QUINCY RAIL-ROAD: Groups traveling from the East by CB&QRailroad will be transported from Denver to Philmontand return by chartered buses furnished by therailroad. Groups travelling from the south by CB&QRailroad will be transported to Trinidad, Colorado.Philmont buses will be available upon request fortransportation to and from Trinidad, Colorado.Round-trip cost will be $5.00 per person.TRAVEL ETIQUETTE*Here are a few "rules of the road" that you and your groupwill want to keep in mind as you travel to and fpom Philmont.-Wear the Scout or Explorer uniform proudly. You are amember of the Boy Scouts of America, the greatest youthorganization in the world. A Scout, properly uniformed,sharp, clean-shaven, hair trimmed, courteous and wellmannered,is the best medium for public relations. Scoutshorts, long Scout stockings, either the Explorer green orkhaki shirt, the broad-brimmed or overseas hat, have beenfound by most groups to be the most comfortable traveluniform. By wearing a T-shirt, the uniform shirt can befolded and placed in travel bag while on the road so thatit will be clean whenever you disembark.-En route, use the buddy system- no one person everleaves the group alone.- Telephone ahead to your next day's stopover place and anyspecial eating place to make certain they are expecting you.- Don't smoke in public. It is offensive to some to see a Scoutor leader In uniform with a cigarette or pipe in his mouth.-Express appreciation to those aIong the way who haveextended you any courtesies.-Plan arrival at Philmont by mid-afternoon at the latest.This insures a better first impression and will give youand your group a good start for next day.-Bus drivers may elect toa) Stay in Cimarron - Cimarron Motor Court, Don DiegoHotel, Cimarron Hotel, or the new Kit Carson Motel.Prior reservations should be made; orb) Stay in Tent City at Camping Headquarters; $4.50 perday will be charged for meals and lodging. He will needhis own bedroll; orc) They may go on your expedition. In this case, drivershould have a medical examination, using the standardHealth and Medical Record, No. 4410.--(* -For additional ideas on this important subject, read "Here's HowScouting Makes the Difference" in Campways - BSA Atlas.)6HEALTH AND MEDICAL RECORD -MEDICAL INSPECTIONEach camper and leader is requested to have a medicalexamination at home prior to departure for Philmont. Thephysician should fill out his report on Health and MedicalRecord, No. 4410, which will be included in the leader'skit. Note: physical examination records are valid for oneyear from date of examination.Upon arrival at Philmont, the camp physician will make amedical inspection of each camper and leader, using theindividual Health and Medical Record form requestedabove.TETANUS SHOTSFor the camper's protection, it is required that each personproduce a current record of having received his tetanusshots or booster within five years. Philmont Scout Ranch,with about 250 horses and other animals, makes this veryimportant.NOTE: Those who do not have their record with themwill be given a booster by the camp physician and will becharged for the medicine.PERSONAL EQUIPMENTEvery camper has his own pet ideas on personal campinggear, and this is good. The important thing to rememberis that everything must be carried in a pack, and thelighter the pack the easier will be the hiking up and downthe rugged mountains and canyons of Philmont.On-the following page, there is a complete checklist ofthose items found necessary for comfortable living alongPhilmont trails. This is maximum. Some campers havefound that they can reduce this list considerably and stilllive comfortably and clean along the trails.It is recommended that you use this list as it is for yourfirst shake-down overnight camp. Upon your return home,conduct a critique. Have each member of your crew makethree piles of the contents of his pack: first pile - iternsused often; second pile - items used only once or twice;third pile - items not used at all. After group discussion,eliminate pile number three and try it again. After two orthree shake-downs, you will have reduced your personalequipment to a minimum.NOTE: Be sure to make allowance for uniform requirementsen route to and from Philmont. (For laundry serviceat Philmont see p. 34).

IMY PERSONAL EQUIPMENTCHECKANDDOUBLECHECKWEARING*1 pr. hiking boots, 6"-8". ..................'2 prs. woolen socks.. .....................'2 prs. cotton socks. .......................'1 uniform trousers - long ................."1 uniform shorts .........................*2 uniform shirts - summer ................'2 T-shirts ...............................2 underwearshorts .......................*1 sweat shirt, and/or ......................*I jacket - warm .........................1 pr. moccasins" or sneakers.. .............'1 hat (to keep sun off). ....................IN YOUR POCKETS*pocket knife ................................."matches in waterproof case. ....................handkerchief ...............................individual toilet paper.. .......................money ......................................"compass (or on belt). .........................,*Chap-stick ..................................EATING"deep plate (like Boy Scout mess kit cover). ........*cup..........................."canteen (1 qt. size).'knife, fork, spoon.............................KEEPING CLEAN AND HEALTHY'soap in plastic container.. .....................'toothbrush and tooth paste. ....................*comb .......................................'metal mirror .................................towel .......................................*shaving equipment ..........................."small first aid kit - pocket size. ................."3 handkerchiefs ..............................SLEEPING'sleeping bag .................................'poncho - or raincoat .........................*ground cloth (7' x 36"-40") - waterproof. . ........pajamas or sweat suit.. .......................* Available at Philmont trading postX - Place in outside pockets or top of pack to be easily available all times8ra in case with carrying strap. .....................................................ing line ....................................................................glasses...........................lastic map cover..watch ......................................* -Available at Philmont trading postX - Place in outside pockets or top of pack to be easily available all timesGROUP EQUIPMENTAt Philmont each crew of 10-14 will be issued the followingequipment free of charge: (except for damage orreplacement charges when returned).1 - tarp for dining fly1 -0vernighter tent for each two campers with onecollapsible pole1 - Trail Chef kit (without plates and cups)1 - Chef cutlery kit1 - 8-quart pot for hot water1 - shovel-tote bag (use plastic bag from trail food for liner)You should either bring with you or plan to purchase atthe trading post the following items. One of each item isrecommended for each crew of 10-14.1 -bow saw with cover1 - axe, 3/4 Explorer model2 - prs. hot pot tongs & 1 pr. cooking gloves1 - file with handle and small sharpening stone1 - sewing kit2 - collapsible water containers2 - collapsible tent poles for fly- steel tent pins - 5 per person1 - small group first aid kit containing at least the

following items in large enough quantity for sizeof group:2 - cravats5 - 4 x 4 gauze pads- bandaids (assortment)- Sunburn ointment in dastic container- &P- Aspirin1 -roll 1" adhesive tape1 - roll 2" roll gauzeI - can foot powder1 - elastic-type bandageThere may be equipment required for your trip to andfrom Philmont. Determine what these requirements areand plan for their procurement.SPECIAL NOTESPack franies are highly desirable and almost essential forhiking in the rugged country at Philmont. Pack framesmay be rented at Philmont. Both the army pack board($50) and the aluminum Cruiser pack frame ($1.00-only for use with Camper pack) are available.Foot gear-select shoes of the right size. Be sue theyare big enough to wiggle your toes freely, but not so bigas to allow your toes and heels to move sideways. Formountain climbing, we recommend 6"-8" high-tops withcomposition soles. The Boy Scout shoe is perfect for Philmont.Be sure to break in your shoes before coming toPhilmont.White, wool. athletic-type socks are satisfactory. If woolirritates your feet, wear white cotton socks under thewool. Two pairs of ight or medium weight sacks usuallywork 'better than tLre single heavy pair.When wearing the Scout shorts, the official Scout stockings(wool preferably) are recommended.Clothing and Equipment for a11 weather-Be preparedlor all kinds of weather which you will find at Philmont.It can be hot as blazes in the daytime and cold enough.~t night to heme a thin crust of ice in-your water bucket.It can be dry as the desert for a spell, and then you willbe hiking in a. downpour. Rains may last anywhere fromseveral nights to all day, and a night rain is not unusual. . . so keep that poncho handy at all times.[3 KNOW YOUR EXPEDITION NUMBERYour expedition number indicates the month and day ofyour arrival. For example, 914 means July (seventhmonth) and 14th day. There will be a number ofexpeditions on any given day, so Philmont assigns a letterof the alphabet to your expedition number; for example,714-A (or B, C, etc.).10CI YOUR PHILlMONT MAIL ADDhESS(* - Insert your own exmdition number)Phitnont Scout RanchCimarron, New Mexico 87714Make certain your parents and friends know your expeditionnumber and letter. This is essential to amedelivery of mail to you at Philmont.At Philmont mail is picked up only by your expeditionleader at the Qhilmont past office on your arrival andagain when you return to Camping Headquarters fromthe trail.Any first class mail arriving after you leave for homewill be forwarded.C7 EMERGENCY mJSPIEOP$E M-&Jmm AT PHIf4M0P9TTell ;-eta; - ,- - Meds kh~t it will be impossibleto reach yo.^ i rtoae except in case of emergency.In those case.,, :. v ,ri spllteci contact when your full nameand expeGitios1 1 aber are given to our c'@on~r~i Center."0 TRADING IOST AT PHIEMONCarries a complete supply ok oHical Scout ecit~ipment aswell as those items related to Philrnont, such as Phihantneckerchief s!ides, bclts, buckles, etc. Also available aresouvenir item which you ma> want to purchase for yourmother, dad, brothers, and sisters before your departurefor home.D FILL OUT REGISTRATION CARD COWmmLaYInformation on these cards is vital to both the PhihontControl Center (in case of emergency) and the pustmaster.The expedition leader will turn in all cards, jnalphabetical order, to the trip planner when plmirathe itinerary.

natural features along the trails, and the distances betweencamps - in time and miles. These trail books may be procuredthrough your local council or by writing directly to Philmont.MEAL SCHEDULE - CAMP HEADQUARTERSDINING HALLMeals in the dining hall will be served as follows:Continental Breakfast ............................. .6:00 a.m.(MUST BE ARRANGED FOR ON DAY OF ARRIVAL)Regular Breakfast ............................ 7 a.m. - 8 a.m.Lunch ...................................... .12 p.m. - 1 p.m.Supper ...................................... 6p.m. -7p.m.Groups that cannot meet this schedule should plan to eatprior to arrival at Philmont.PROGRAM OPPORTUNITIES FORSPECIALTY EXPLORER POSTSPhilmont recognizes the increased popularity of "SpecialtyExplorer Posts." Opportunities can be made available forsuch posts for broader and more intensive esploration oftheir specialties - such as forestry, conservation, communications,search and research, archaeology, geology - andmany other fields. If your post is interested in exploring thisidea further, write to the Director of Camping at Philmont.TAOS TRIPUnits wishing to take a bus trip to the Indian pueblos atTaos, New Mexico, may make arrangements to do so. Wecan make reservation for you with a busline. The round-tripfee is $65 for a bus. For this extra service, please write us atleast 2 weeks before leaving home. Plan on eating your lunchin Taos. We cannot make box lunches available.PROGRAM FEATURESAs has been slated, each itinerary has been carefully developedto give your crew the maximum enjoyment of hikingand camping in the high mountains of the Sangre de Cristo.This is the primary objective.The itineraries also lead you to certain staffed camps whereyou will pick up your food and participate in that particularcamp program feature. These programs are not compulsory,but we sure do recommend them in order for you to get themaximum benefits from your Philmont experience.There follows n list of staffed camps with the programfeatures listed for each camp. The letter "S" denotes startingcamps.16PROGRAM FEATURESSTAFFED CAMPSNORTH COUNTRYFour-Mile (S)': PonilBent (S)'>Indian WritingsDan BeardPueblanoFrench Henry-Copper Park"Baldy Town(Ute Meadows)Miranda'New DeanMIDDLE COUNTRY'~CimarroncitoClarks ForkHarlan"SawmillCyphers MineWebster Park (S)PROGRAM FEATURESRanger trainingHorseback ride to Pueblano, westernlore, rock climbinaRanger training, burro instruction (Ponil)ArchaeologyAdvanced Dutch oven cooking andchuck waeon feast30.06 running deertarget, NRA HunterSafetv. horseback ride to PonilGold mining and panning mine tour,field biologyGold mining and panning, geologyFly tying and fishing, burro instructionSurvivalNRA Hunter Safety, 20 gauge shotguntrap, rock climbing, geology, campfireHorseback ride. western loreAstronomy, burro packing and racingForestryGold mining and panning, mine tourRanger training:. Miners Park Forestry, geologyLovers lea^ (S)UrracaSOUTH COUNTRYRayadoAbreu (S)"Fish Camp'.PorcupineApache Springs'Clear Creek': Beaubien* - Food pick-up campsRanaer trainingAstronomyHorseback ride to Abreu, Kit CarsonMuseumHorseback ride to Rayado, western lore,ranger trainingFly tying and fishing, geologyField biologyAdvanced Dutch oven cooking andchuck wagon feastRest and relaxationSurvival, campfire17

CampingWhen your trip is over, you will probably find \?t yourmemories of Philmont are mainly those of just campingout" in its mountains, canyons, and meadows; of tentspitched beneath dark spruces, among snow-white aspens,or on the grassy floor of a canyon.You'll remember the smell of breakfast being cooked inthe chill of the morning dew, the warmth of a campfirebefore hitting the sack at night, the freshness in the airas the sun comes out after a quick afternoon thundershower.At times you'll be lulled to sleep by the windroaring through the pines high on a mountain pass, orby the rushing of a nearby stream.As you go from camp to camp, take time tb enjoy eachone, for no two are alike. Look over the natural settingof each one - the trees, rocks, wildlife, and magnificentscenery which are always changing from one camp to thenext.Yes, take time to relax and enjoy the beauty of natureand the comradeship of your fellow Scouts at every camp--.site. Such things form the heart of every Philmont experience.Camping With Little or No WaterA balanced Philmont experience should include some opportunityfor camping in areas with little or no water, which istypical of vast stretches of the great Southwest. Dry campingteaches campers to get along with the rnirLimum use of water- to conserve every drop. Who knows, someday such trainingmay be the means of saving your life. Listed below is apartial list of Philmont's dry camps. There are other suchareas. Here is where your collapsible water containers andcanteens will come in mighty handy.DRY CAMPS(A Partial List)NORTH COUNTRY CENTRAL COUNTRY SOUTH COUNTRYCcttonwocd Trail Deer Lake Mesa Fowler MessCookcanyon Mount Phillips Fowler LakeSky Line Ridge Shaefers Pass Urraca MesaBaldy Trail Camps Sawmill CanyonWilson MesaGrouse CanyonCamping SkillsFew men go camping in order to spend their time dish-washing or doing other chores. They go to fish, hunt, explore,or just to enjoy the out-of-doors. But their abilityto get the essential jobs done determines how much timethey have left for other things. On your skill as a camperat Philmont depends your fun, comfort, and safety. Philmontis not a dude ranch. You may ride a horse or leada burro part of the time, but most of the way you will hikemountain trails, carrying your shelter, food, and other gearon your back.You must have the will and skill for good housekeeping onthe trail. Your willingness to share the daily camping tasksmust be backed by the know-how to do these tasks. Teamworkis the keynote at Philmont. You must be preparedto pitch in and do whatever needs to be done, although itmay not always be your assigned duty. You can spendyour entire trip washing dishes, cooking, and doing othernecessary jobs unless you learn how to work as a team toget these things done in a reasonable time.You need to know how to choose a safe, comfortable carnpsite.You should know how to cook a well-balanced mealover an open fire; how to sleep comfortably on the groundso you can be ready for the next day's strenuous activities.In choosing and using a campsite, let's keep in mind theslogan "Keep Philmont Clean and Green." The mark of askilled outdoor-sman is a campsite left cleaner than he foundit. But avoid raking it; a porous covering prevents soilerosion. Have your tent, pack, and the grounds ready forinspection right after breakfast. Who does the inspecting?None other than yourself! Keep trails clean. Use the"tote bag."Then when you come off the trails at Philmont, you aremore of a man because you have had a man's experience.HikingPhilrnont abounds in beautiful hiking areas. Every sectionof the ranch has opportunities for stimulating and beautifulhikes. Take advantage of the nSany beautiful and unusualsights that meet the eyes. Hiking at Philmont should notbe thought of as just a method of transportation. It can bethe most enjoyable activity of your trip if you will slowdown enough to enjoy it.You should not hike at your top speed at Philmont, or youwill see nothing but the heels of the person in front of you.Relax and set an easy pace that lets you look around.There's no rush- the average hike at Philmont is not along one, although it may at times seem longer than it isdue to the thin mountain air.Most of the scenery you will see at Philmont will be whileon the trail. Take frequent rest stops and enjoy it. Someof the most beautiful scenes are on the little-used trailsand some off the trail spots. Make it a point for your group

to see some sights that most groups do not see.As you hike, look around you and notice the nature andwildlife. Your chances of seeing wildlife are much betteron the trail than in camp, if you are quiet. When the lesscommon animals are seen, it is usually on the trail and notin camp, so keep your eyes open.Campfires - On the TrailYour ranger will suggest how your expedition can plan itsown campfires on the trail. There are different types fromthe formal with opening and closing ceremonies to an informalfellowship where you sit arouhd the cooking fireafter the evening meal for exciting stories or singing.Much of the tone of the thinking and action of your expeditioncan be set in these sessions. Idle evenings mayhave recreational value; but, if they deteriorate into continual"horsing around" or telling the wrong sort of stories,a planned campfire is a remedy. For ideas on campfire planningbefore coming to Philmont, consult the following pamphletsand books published by the Boy Scouts of America:Boy Scout Songbook, No. 3226A -Troop Activities, No. 3501 -The Boys' Entertainment Book, No. 3552 -These are also available at our trading post.Conservation and Camp ImprovementPhilmont's 214 square miles, rich in natural resources, areenjoyed each year by thousands of boys and leaders. Largeas the ranch is, the number of campers makes it necessaryfor everyone to cooperate in conserving the forests, trails,grasses, water, soil, and wildlife. With true skill and spiritby wise use-such as not short-cutting trails or switchbacks-you can save and even increase these resources forothers to share. That's conservation.The ranch provides many opportunities for conservation. Insetting up your trip, plan to add some good evidence of yourstay in our rugged mountain country. One hour of instructionon conservation principles and three (3) hours of work onconservation or camp improvement projects are required forthe arrowhead patch.Each year the ranch conservationist and the director ofprogram will develop a list of projects according to theirpriorities. Trip planners will be provided with a copy ofthis list.ArchaeologyThe Ponil country in the northern sector is rich in the prehistoricbackground of the American Indian. Your expeditioncan have a hand in building this great program.A trained archaeologist and his staff are in the North Ponil20Canyon. Expeditions can spend as much time as they wishin helping with the excavations, preparing specimens andartifacts, and learning about Indians that occupied thisterritory. If your fellows are interested in archaeology,plan to stay here 2 or 3 days so they can learn some of thefundamentals.Please Note: You can be helpful to the total program ofarchaeology by being observant as you hike the Philmonttrai!s. Now and then you may discover an artifact that maylcacl to further discoveries. All such artifacts found mustbe turned in to the senior archaeologist so that he mayscientifically study them. Such artifacts found cannot betaken away from Philmont. You see, Philmont's antiquitiesrightfully belong to Philmont.AstronomyAstronomy offers a clear mountain-top view of the heavensthrough a telescope - the moon, stars (blue giants, doublestars, red super giants, etc.), planets, plus galaxies otherthan our own. Locate the mmy constellations that fill ourPhilmont sky and learn of their legends. A fascinating lateafternoon orientation of the universe, our galaxy, solar system,and planet prepares ow2 for the evening observations.BurrosBurros are available for use in the northern portion of theranch, starting and ending either at Bent or Miranda. Therewill be burro traps (holding pens for overnight stops) at thefollowing camps: Ponil, Indian Writings, Old Camp. DanBeard, Pueblano, Dean Cow, New Dean, Miranda, BaldyTown.Field BiologyIn this natural outdoor wonderland and with the help ofcamp biologists, become acquainted with some of the myriadof western birds, wild flowers, mammals, lizards, snakes,and insects. Take that early morning bird hike; visit thebeaver ponds and dams and learn how they affect valleys;discover what wildlife passed through camp by observingtracks and other signs; view how the plant and animalspecies change as you climb higher into the mountains andlearn why this is so; walk through the timberline and observethe life that survives the rigors of this high altitudeenvironment.Fishing (and Fly Tying)The Rayado and Agua Fria streams in the south offer excellenttrout fishing. You can catch these wary but smalltrout and enjoy a delicious supper or breakfast-if you, too,are wary.Webster and Aspen Lakes offer good fishing. At Fish Campand Miranda you will find a program specialist with materialand equipment to teach you how to tie your own trout flies.21

The thrill of catching a trout on a fly you have tied yourselfis hard to beat.All fishermen must have a Ncw Mexico state fishing. license.Anyone without a license is subject to prosecution. Forthose who are 14 through 17 years old, a special 10-daylicense for Philmont waters is $1.10. For those who are olderit is $5.25 for a 5-day non-resident license.Fishing licenses may be purchased at Porcupine, Abreu,Miranda, and Fish Camp. Good luck!ForestryYou observe that part of good forestry is conservation; thattrail-building projects, slash disposal, and soil conservationall belong to sound forestry. You also become aware of thevital importance of forest fire prevention which keeps ourforests a beautiful and valuable heritage. Learn to usevarious instruments of the forester: a biltmore stick, diametertape, increment borer. See damage done by suchpests as dwarf mistletoe and bark beetles; observe how treesare managed as a crop plant; and, if you desire, carry out atimber land improvement project.At Sawmill Canyon Camp you will enjoy "lumber days."You will compete in log splitting contests, cross-cut sawevents, and other events reminiscent of that exciting loggingera. The evening meal will be a chuck wagon feast preparedin Dutch ovens by your expedition.Geology - Earth ScienceSponsored by the National Science Foundation and under theleadership and supervision of Dr. Keith Hussey, head of theEarth Science Department at Iowa State University, theEarth Science program will be continued for its third yearof service to campers at Philmont. This is a relatively newscience combining geology, mineralogy, climatology, andother related sciences. "Earth Scientists" will be membersof the camp staffs at Fish Camp, Miners Park, Harlan, Cimarroncito,and Baldy Town. They will make themselves availableto expedition crews to explain the exciting dynamicsand phenomena 01 earth forms, describe the rock formations,and identify the beautiful rocks and minerals of Philmontcountry.Gold Mining and PanningAlmost all of the streams on Philmont still contain evidencesof the once lucrative gold mining that was carriedon in the area. If your trip takes you through CyphersMine or into the Baldy area, take a tour into a real goldmine. Not working now, they are carefully shored up sothat you can walk back into them for a short way. Learnabout the adventures that were experienced during ourfascinating and colorful past as determined miners soughttheir fortunes in our historic mountains. Gold panning isdone at Cyphers Mine and in the Baldy area. When youcome up with your dust, ask a staff member for a samplebottle so that you can take your findings home and showothers that you have panned for gold.Horseback RidingPhilmont owns and maintains a herd of 250 western horses.These are located at Rayado, Clarks Fork, Ponil, and CampingHeadquarters.At Rayado and Ponil the horseback ride is a part of the itinerary.This is a shuttle system between Rayado and Abreufor starting groups, and returning from Abreu to Rayado forending groups.In like manner, the horseback ride is from Ponil to Pueblanofor starting groups and returning from Pueblano to Ponil forending groups.Our wranglers are courteous but strict. If they do not makecertain that everyone stays in line and maintains the paceset, members of your expedition might be endangered. Evenskilled riders cannot be allowed to ride at a different paceor along the trail away from the others. Please cooperatewith our wranglers by making certain that everyone in yourexpedition carries out the instructions exactly as given for asafe and enjoyable ride.For your personal safety, make certain no one is wearingsheath knives, axes, etc., on belts during rides.NRA Hunter Safety and MarksmanshipThis very important four-part training can be completed in4 hours at Cimarroncito and Pueblano. This is a prerequisitefor .20 gauge shotgun trapshooting and for 30.06 gauge runningdeer range. Cost is $1.00 per person for Hunter Safetycourse including 35 shots.Trapshooting.20 gauge trapshooting at Cimarroncito is designed forshotgun experience and fun. Each participant is individuallysupervised. Cost is 50 cents for 4 shots.23

Running Deer Range30.06 running deer range at Pueblano is designed for"big bore" experience and fun. Participants are individuallysupervised. Cost is 50 cents for 4 shots. Re-loadingdemonstration of 30.06 shells is given at Pueblano.Map ReadingYour ranger will give you training in map reading at yourstarting camp. This is designed to enrich your trip throughPhilmont by increasing your skills in the proper use of yourcompass and the knowledgable interpretation of your Philmontcontour map. The mastery of this program will showyou that skillful navigation can be a challenging, educational,and enjoyable experience.SurvivalSurvival training is fun and a challenging experience. Learnof the edible plants and animals and master the skills thatare your real providers in a survival situation. You learnhow to construct a lean-to and eating utensils out of nativematerials; build, set and properly locate traps and snares;start a fire by friction; boil water using heated stones in aburned out log; learn the many ways you can make use ofnature's supply house. You learn to meet emergencies andto improvise adequate protection from weather. This trainingmay save your life someday.Weather StationsPhilmont keeps weather records from camps at varyingelevations scattered throughout our 137,493 acres. See theinstruments; learn how +hey are used and how they operate,what they tell us, and what causes our weather. Suggestreasons for such great differences of data among camps.Western LorePhilmont is actually an operating western ranch. Our cowboysstill watch over our cattle on horselmck, not in jeeps orplanes. While you are on the trails, you may see some ofour white-faced Hereford cattle. While not wild, they arebest observed from a distance. A cow with a calf may becomedangerous if she feels that her calf is being threatened.To chase or attempt to rope these animals might resultin serious injury. Feel free to watch them and take picturesif you wish. Other ranch activities that you may see arecutting and baling alfalfa hay and harvesting other crops.At some spots on the ranch you will find a camp with acowboy counselor. He can tell you more about the cattleindustry in this area. He will explain about his horse andthe garb worn by a western cowboy. With an extra supplyof authentic western lariats, he can give your group some24instruction to how to use the lasso. Then under a westernsky, you'll gather around the blazing campfire for an eveningof songs,, guitar-playing, and stories of the Old West.ADVANCED DUTCH OVEN COOKINGThe old cast iron Dutch oven can't be beat for good oldfashioned cooking in high Philmont country. No, you don'thave to carry them with you, but they will be available toyou at most camps- just ask the camp director for them.At camps Dan Beard and Apache Springs special instructionson advanced Dutch oven cooking will be given followed by agood old fashioned chuck wagon feast.1i( Fruit CobblersFruit cobblers baked in Dutch ovens are great. CobblerI material will be available at all starting camps where yourranger will demonstrate how it is done and where you willhave a chance to enjoy eating it. Cobbler material will alsobe available at the following staffed camps: Dan Beard,Sawmill, Beaubien, Cimarroncito and Baldy Town.At the other staffed camps where Dutch ovens are available,expeditions can use the dry fruits and Bisquick from theirtrail food packets to make cobblers.REACH FOR THE BIG ONESAs long as there are hlqh mountalns, man will want to cllmbthem You will find thls ulge at Philmont where there arechallenglnq mountalns for you to climb These are mcludedIn your itinerariesMount Waite PhillipsIn the beautiful southwest section of Philmont country isMOUNT MTAITE PHILLIPS -towering nearly 12.000 feethigh. This is a real rugged climb with spectacular views ofEagle Nest Lake, Mount Wheeler, and the rest of Philmontcountry.Top of Baldy MountainWhile you camp in the Baldy Town area, you will want toclimb "Old Baldy." This is the highest peak on Philmont-12,441 feet. The -view from the top of Baldy is spectacular.Hike to Tooth of TimeA hike to the 9,003-foot elevation of the old Santa Fe Trailmark-the Tooth of Time, which rises abruptly nearly 2,000feet from the valley floor-gives one a view of Philmontthat will never be forgotten.Others, TooYes, there are Shaefers' Pass, Comanche Peak, Black Mountain,Trail Peak (where the B-24 crashed in '42) and manyother peaks that will test your stamina and give you breathtakingviews of surrounding terrain.II

GOOD FOODTrail menus have been carefully developed and checkedwith dietitians for quality and quantity for rugged mountainhiking and backpacking needs of husky young men andleaders that hike the Philmont trails. Concentrated, lightweightfoods with a maximum of variety will prevail. Suchconcentrated foods do not always look or taste the same asfresh, frozen, or canned foods. When properly prepared,they are palatable and appetizing and contain needed nourishmentto take care of your needs.Cooking instructions are packed with each meal for yourconvenience. Follow these instructions closely. Remember,you have to make allowance for high altitude cooking.When planning your trip with the Philmont trip planner atCamping Headquarters, he will designate those camps whereyou will pick up your food. Normally, you will have tocarry about two days' supply -sometimes three, dependingon your route. In order to give your expedition a varietyof menus, each camp commissary man will give you the trailmenu according to his instructions.By adhering to this plan, your group will have a differentmenu each of the ten days on the trail.Trail Menus (Subject to adjustment in accordance withsupply)IMenuNo. Supper Breakfast Lunch1. Country hash w/beefCarrotsBiscuitsPeach slicesFruit punch beverage2. Vegetable-beef soupSpaghetti dinnerw/beefApplesauceCornbreadOrange beverageDry cereal (sugared) Chicken soupInstant milk Crackersrreeze-dried ham Peanut butterScrambled eggs Jelly spreadMelba toast LemonadePeanut candy barWhole prunes Cheese spreadDry cereal (sugared) Beef lunch meatPancakesCrackersSyrupFig barsInstant milk Cherry beverage3. Beef-noodle soup Western omelet Pork lunch meatChicken a la king Pilot biscuit Lunch crackersBiscuits Hot cereal Jelly spreadButterscotch dessert Raspberry spread RaisinsGrape punch Sweet milk cocoa Lemonade beveragebeverageInstant milk. Indv. beef bouillon Dry cereal Chopped ham loafChili-beef dinner (sugared) Lunch crackersSliced potatoes Instant milk Jelly spreadApplesauce Buttermilk RaisinsBiscuits pancakes Grape beverageChocolate malted SyrupmilkHot chocolate6. Vegetable-beef soup Scrambled eggs Peanut butterChicken-noodle dinner w/hamJelly spreadBiscuits Hot cereal CrackersPeach slices Instant milk Fig barsCherry beverage Pilot biscuit Appleberry sauceSweet milk cocoa Beverage7. Beef-noodle soup Mixed fruit Vienna sausageHam-potato dinner Oatmeal with Lunch crackersCornbread raisins Jelly spreadChocolate pudding Instant milk Peanut candyCherry beverage Melba toast Lemon beverageSweet milk cocoa8. Beef and macaroni Pork sausage Cheese spreadBiscuits Pancakes Appleberry saucePeas and carrots Syrup CrackersPeach slices Instant milk CookiesChocolate malted Orange breakfast Raisinsmilk drink Orange beverage9. Green pea soup Scrambled eggs Beef lunch meatVeg-a-Rice wlchicken Vienna sausage Lunch crackersBiscuits Melba toast Jelly spreadPeach slices w/cinnamon Fig barsLemonade beverage Cherry jelly spread Fruit punch beverageCocoa10. Ham and bean dinner Dry cereal Corned beefCornbread (sugared) Pilot biscuitButtermilkFruit mixSliced peachesJelly spreadVanilla milkshakeGrape beverage27

PHILMONT AWARDS"We All Made It" PlaqueThis is an expedition award that will be presented to theadult leaders of each expedition that complete the followingrequirements:1. PARTICIPATE IN OPENING CAMPFIRE - "THENEW MEXICO STORY"2. SELECT AND COMPLETE ONE OF THE ADVEN-TURE-PACKED ITINERARIES3. DEMONSTRATE GOOD CAMPING PRACTICESAND SCOUTING SPIRIT4. PARTICIPATE IN AWARDS CAMPFIRE ON FINALNIGHT AT PHILMONTPlaque will be presented to expedition leader at time ofdeparture from Philmont.Arrowhead PatchThis is an individual camper award that will be presented toeach camper who satisfies his expedition leader that he hasdemonstrated good Scouting spirit and has fulfilled the followingrequirements:1. Demonstrate good camping practices on the trail andat Camping Headquarters.2. Cooperate with expedition leader and other crew membersthroughout the entire trip.3. Contribute at least four (4) hours on an approved conservationor camp improvement project at Philmont.(See page 20.)4. Participate (if arrival at Philmont permits) in theopening campfire at Camping Headquarters, wherevou will hear the exciting - "New Mexico Story."5. Participate in the closing campfire durin? final nightat Camping Headquarters. This is the awards andrecognition" campfire.Sorry, but Philmont awards are notfor sale. They can only be earned.Merit BadgesPhilmont is just not the place for a Scout to work on individualmerit badges. Naturally, every camper will acquirea great store of knowledge and experience in many andvaried merit badge subjects, which should make it that mucheasier to complete the necessary merit badge requirementsback home.50-Miler AwardThe 50-Miler Award, given by the National Council of theBoy Scouts of America, is available to all members of anexpedition, whether in chartered or provisional units, thatfulfill all requirements for this award. Included in theserequirements are hiking at least 50 miles and performing a10-hour trail service project -4 hours at Philmont and theremaining 6 hours in your local council. The 50-Miler is intendedto be a well-rounded wilderness trip, not a marathonrace. It should not be included in your Philmont plan if itwould in any way interfere with taking full advantage of theprogram along the trail.SOUVENIfCSThese are available at Camping Headquarters trading post,where you will find a line of authentic jewelry and souvenirsof the Southwest. You will have time, after you returnfrom the trail, to buy them at the headquarters trading post.SPENDING MONEY AND CASHMost boys spend an average of $10 each in the Philmonttrading posts. If they wish large items such as jackets,more would be needed. A charge is made for ammunitionso money will be needed if a boy wishes to shoot on thevarious ranges. There is a charge of $1 for the huntersafety and marksmanship course which includes the suppliesand patch.We strongly urge you to convert most of your cash intotraveler's checks before leaving home. The expedition leadermay put all traveler's checks for his group in a sealed envelopeand leave them with the registrar to be kept in thePhilrnont safe while the expedition is on the trail.RELIGIOUS SERVICESThe Philmont chaplains (Protestant, Catholic, Jewish andMormon) prepared the following statement for Scouting's"Breakthrough for Youth" program of emphasis:"A SCOUT IS REVERENT"Man is inherently religious. In all of his actions manseeks to relate himself to the life about him in termsof his religious faith. He seeks to evaluate the experienceof his life in terms of that faith.The founders of the Scouting movement were awareof the religious nature and heritage of man. Scouting29

from its beginning has acknowledged that man has aduty to God, duty to his country, duty to his fellowman,and duty to himself. Scouting also acknowledgesthat duty to God begins in acts of reverence and findsits fullest experience in reverent faith.Thus, "duty to God" became the first part of theScout Oath, and "reverent" became the climax of theScout Law. As the Scout sought to perform his dutyto God and to be reverent in the expressions of hisreligious faith, many forms of religion reached outtoward him. Various religious groups and faiths soughtto both implement and to guide the Scout in evaluatinghis many religious experiences in Scouting.By providing the Scout with a sponsoring institution,a religious training and award program, responsibleand dedicated religious leadership and a chaplain'sservice, religious faiths have provided an effectivesetting for reverence and a dependable guide towardand a definition of "duty to God."As the religious faiths of America continue to undergirdScouting with definitions of "duty to God" anddirections toward reverent evaluations of our heritageand of human experience, Scouting will continue to"break through" the common trends in youth developmentto produce character that is above reproach andcitizenship that is complimentary to the Americanideal.Philmont works with all religious bodies to make ~ossiblethe full oractice of the 12th-~oint of the Scout L~W. "ASCOUT fs REVERENT^ HE IS'REV~ENT TOWARD GOD.HE IS FAITHFUL IN HIS RELIGIOUS DUTIES AND RE-SPECTS THE CONVICTIONS OF OTHERS IN MATTERSOF CUSTOM AND RELIGION." The responsibility for fulfillmentof religious practices rests with each expeditionleader for his group and with each boy on the expedition.Chaplains for Jewish, Protestant, Catholic, and "Mormon"faiths are provided at Philmont. Regular weekly servicesare held at Camping Headquarters and some other camps.When groups are far back in the mountains on the day oftheir regular worship, our chaplains endeavor to contactthem as soon as possible for special services, conferences,or confessions.ProtestantProtestant chaplains are assigned to Philmont Scout Ranchby the National Protestant Committee on Scouting. Theyare available for conferences and services and set the patternfor Protestant services wherever conducted. The Protestantchaplain provides the leaders of each unit with a kitof suggestions for condu.cting Protestant devotions and wor-30ship experiences on the trail. A devotional booklet and aportion of the New Testament are on sale at the headquarterstrading, post.CatholicCatholic chaplains are provided by the National CatholicCommittee on Scouting. They are available for religiousservices, conferences and confessions. Sunday Masses areheld at Ponil, Rayado, Cimarroncito, Camping Headquarters,Beaubien and Baldy Town. Daily Masses are held at CampingHeadquarters and on the trail. Scouts and Scouters ofCatholic faith who cannot attend Sunday Mass due to greatdistances between their camping locations and the place ofMass may fulfill their obligation (through a special privilegegranted by the Archbishop of Santa Fe) by attending a dailyMass at Camping Headquarters the evening before going onthe trail or arriving off the trail, or the morning beforedeparture for home.JewishFor those of the Jewish faith at Philmont, the NationalJewish Committee on Scouting furnishes a chaplain. He canbe contacted at Camping Headquarters upon arrival andarrangements made for services or conferences. Where religiouspractices necessitate, arrangemets must be made withthe Jewish chaplain for kosher food prior to detailed tripplanning with the Philmont trip planner."Mormon"For those of the Mormon faith at Philmont, the NationalMormon Committee on Scouting furnishes a resident chaplain.He may be contacted at Camping Headquarters onarrival and arrangements made for services or conferences.WORSHIP SEEVICES AT PNXLMONTYour expedition leader will receive at the morning leaders'meeting a schedule of worship services (Sundays, Sabbath,and week-days). These services will be conducted by thePhilmont chaplains whom he will meet at the meeting.If your expedition is in some remote section of Philmontwhere it is virtually impossible to attend one of the regullarlyscheduled services, you may pick up a worship kitfrom the camp director of one of the staffed camps andconduct your own worship service. In some of the campsyou mzy find one of the staff members giving leadership toa worship service.With all these opportunities, there is :to reason why anycamper cannot fulfill his religious obligation while on thetrails of Philmont.

PHILMONT MUSEUMSPhilmont country is a part of the historic past of our greatAmerica. Indians lived here first, made their homes, raisedtheir crops and children, and fought against the Spanish, andlater the American settlers that desired this land for theirown.Today Philmont is part of the one million, seven hundredthousand acre land grant given to Carlos Beaubien by theKing of Spain. The grant later passed into the hands ofLucien Maxwell, who founded the settlement of Rayado,located on the southeast corner of Philmont. The Cimarroncutoff of the old Santa Fe Trail passed through Rayado, andthe town was a popular siopping point on the trail whenLucien Maxwell and Kit Carson lived there.Gold was discovered on Philmont in the late 1800's, and todaya number of now deserted mines seem to echo with thesounds of mining and processing of this most fabled of metals.To recapture and preserve a part of the exciting and gloriouspast, Philmont has developed and maintains several museums,each of which presents a segment of the history of PhilmontCountry.KIT CARSON MUSEUMThe adobe Kit Carson Museum, located at Rayado, housesartifacts and exhibits that present the background of Philmont.A curator is on hand to tell the exciting history, fromthe earliest inhabitants to the time of Waite Phillips and hisgift of Philmont to the Boy Scouts of America.ERNEST THOMPSON SETON LIBRARY & MUSEUMThe new Ernest Thompson Seton Museum and Library, locatedat the Camping Headquarters, is a memorial to the lateMr. Seton, the first Chief Scout. This museum houses exhibitsconcerning the American Indian, as well as books, paintingsand the personal effects of this great man. The museum wasbuilt with funds donated by Mr. L. 0. Crosby, of Picayune,Mississippi.VILLA PHILMONTEThe Villa Philmonte, luxuriant home of Mr. Waite Phillips,is preserved as a memorial to the man who gave Philmont tothe Boy Scouts.MINING MUSEUMSThree mining museums, Baldy Town, French Henry Mine,and Cypher's Mine, house artifacts and provide programsthat show the various methods the old "sour-doughs" usedto mine for gold. At these three museums the visitor actuallytries his hand at panning for gold.WELCOME TO PHILMONTPART IVDAY ONE AT PHILMONTAt Cimarron, New Mexico, that quaint, historic town KitCarson once knew, you will turn off the main highway andhead for Philmont. About a mile from the intersection youcross the boundary. A short distance beyond you will seea sign - "Buffalo Pasture." Keep your eyes peeled to theright - the buffalo may be in "their" pasture - but notalways.The first group of buildings on the right, beyond the pasture,are housing units for the ranch personnel. It was here whereWaite Phillips had his polo barns. The Philmont TrainingCenter "small fry" are entertained here during the summerwhile their dads and mothers enjoy the training conferencesthat will be going on while you are at Philmont. Next on theleft you will see the Ranch Office complex. This is where thecommissary and hardware warehouses are located, as well asall the maintenance shops, equipment, and personnel. Thehouse at the intersection is where the Director of the PhilmontTraining Center lives.Now look to your right (west). There are the mountainswhere you will be hiking and camping within a few days.As your eyes run across the ridges, you will be able to seethat famous "Tooth of Time."Now back to your left, you will see the Philmont TrainingCenter Tent City where the Scouter families live while theyare receiving training. The Villa Philmonte was the homeof Waite Phillips. You will be interested in the Spanish adobebuildings.Just beyond the Villa and again on the left, is the SetonMemorial Library and Museum.At last, you turn right into the Camping Headquarters.RECEPTION CENTERYour bus will drive to the unloading dock. There your leaderwill disembark from the bus and meet the director ofReception and Services. Instructions for unloading personneland equipment will be given to your leader. Follow theseinstructions carefully.MEET YOUR RANGERAfter you have unloaded, you will be introduced to yourranger. Notice his sharp appearance. He has been trainedto give your expedition all the help it needs to get startedon a successful expedition. Your ranger will be your guide.He will lead you through the necessary steps of processingat Camping Headquarters on the first day before you "hitthe trail" and will join you for the first few days on the trail.

hT CAMPING HEADQUARTERSYou will go through the following steps, but not necessarilyin the order given:1. Tent AssignmentYou will receive your tent assignment at the ReceptionCenter and will spend the first and last nights only inCamping Headquarters. Your ranger will take yourgroup to Tent City to your assigned tents. You willdrop your packs in your tents, and get washed up andhair combed for your group photograph.2. Your Group PhotographNext, you will be taken to the photograph area wherethe camp photographer will arrange your group for itsgroup photograph. 8x10 prints will be available for purchaseat $1.00 each. They will be ready for you whenyou come off the trail. You will want to look sharpand be in complete uniform for the photograph.3. Medical Inspection - Health hdgeNext, you will visit the health lodge where you willmeet some of the medical staff. Here you will receiveyour medical inspection. We hope this will be your firstand only visit to the health lodge, but if you shouldbecome ill on the trail, this is where the camp physicianwill make you well again.4. Your Leader Meets the Camp Registrarmile your ranger takes you to the health lodge, yourleader(s) will meet the camp registrar in the CampingOffice Thls is the time for payment of balance of fees.Also this is the place for the safe storage of extramoney treveler's checks, and valuables. Be sure togive these "valuables" to your leader beforehand.5. Lanndry - Trail Equipment - Trail Food IssueBack to your tents where you will gather together yoursoiled uniforms and other clothing. You will take theseto the West Rocky Pdountain Shelter and leave themthere for dry cleaning and laundry. These will be readyfor you when you return from the trail. There will be anominal charge for this service.At the West Rocky Mo~mtain Shelter you will pick upthe trail equipment you will need for hiking and campingin the back country - tents, cutlery set, etc.Here you will also be issued trail food that will lastuntil your first food pickup station on the trail.6. Post OfficeWhile at the West RocIry Mountain Sheker, you willmeet the Philmont postmaster. Your leader will pickup your mail-and we hope there is a letter waitingfor you from your mother and dad (or a friend).7. Tour of Camping HeadquartersIt's time now for the ranger to give you a relaxed tour ofthe exhibits in the Camping Headquarters area. Listencarefully to the program man as he explains the interestingfeatures of Philmont that you will soor, be seeing.This tour will include a visit to the trading post.8. Your Leader Visits the Control CenterWhile you are on the tour, your leader and the seniorcrew leader of your expedition will meet at the ControlCenter. Here is where they will receive the A-OK forone of your five itinerary choices.You will receive a copy of the selected itinerary beforeyou leave headquarters. It will be a good reminder ofyour Philmont adventure.9. Pack Your PackYour ranger will ask you to bring your packs to a designatedspot on the grounds. Here you will unpack everything-layingout the items on your ground cloth. Theranger will then demonstrate the method of packing thathas been found to be mast practical at Philmont. (If youhave already done it properly, so much the better.)10. Storage of Excess BaggageAfter your "shakedown," you will gather all the extraitems that were brought with you, package them securely,and take them to the West Rocky Mountain Shelter wherethe Director of Services will help you pack them in yourlocker. Remember, everything that you will not be carryingin your pack is stored for safe-keeping. Nothing canbe left in your tent. Only your expedition leader willhave the key to your locker.PLEASE NOTE: After you leave Camping Headquarters,you will have no opportunity to return excess baggage.If you have any doubts about whether or not you willneed certain items, discuss it with your ranger. He knows.There will be NO opportunity to send back unnecessaryitems once you have left Camping Headquarters.11. Eat in Camp Dining HallWhile you are in Camping Headquarters, you will eat allyour meals in the dining hall-and they are goodmeals, too.12. Write HomeAfter mealtime is a good time to write home. Be sure todo this for your parents would like to hear from you.(Writirg kits, Philmont cards, and pens are available attrading post.)13. Campfire - New Mexico StoryOn your first night at Philmont you will participate in

the evening campfire with other expeditions who arrivedon the same day with you. Here you will hear thethrilling story of New Mexico and the Santa Fe Trailthat runs through Philmont. You will agree that thissets the stage for your expedition.14. Have A Good Night's SleepFollowing the campfire, you will head back to your tentand crawl in your bedroll for a good night's sleep.This is important for tomorrow you will hit the trail.DAY TWO AT PHILMONT1. Expedition Leaders' Orientation MeetingYour expedition leader(s) will have breakfast the nextmorning with the camp staff at 6:30 a.m. At 7:00 he willjoin the other leaders in the staff lounge for an orientationmeeting which will last about forty-five minutes.Your ranger will eat breakfast with your group. Thenyou will check out of Tent City and report to loadingdock for transportation to starting camp.2. On Your Way to the Starting CampA Philmont bus will transport your expedition crewto within several miles of your starting camp designatedon your itinerary. Be prepared with proper footgearand pack to take your first Philmont "shakedown" hikeinto the starting camp. At the starting camp your rangerwill really get down to business in briefing you oncamping skills for mountain hiking and campingmap reading- how to read the Philmont map, useof compass, etc.cooking - trail menus.how to adjust to high altitude.* conservation orientation.DAY THREE AT PHILMONTYour First Trail CamaAfter a good night's sleep in the starting camp and a goodbreakfast the next morning, your ranger will hike with youfor the first leg of your Philmont journey. It won't be along hike, but it will be a rugged one. This will give youan opportunity to become better adjusted to the highaltitude.36You will make camp at a trail site along the trail. Here iswhere your group will practice your camping skills. Theranger will be on hand to help in any way he can. He willoffer constructive ideas on how to sharpen up those campingskills. You will have your own group campfire, and thenon to bed.DAYS FOUR THROUGH ELEVEN AT PHILMONTYour ranger will leave you after breakfast. From now onyou're on your own to follow the itinerary, meet greatfellows in the camps you will visit, climb those ruggedpeaks, and camp in a different site each night. This is theexperience that separates the men from the boys. Teamwork,cooperation, resourcefulness, stick-to-it-iveness -these are the qualities that every member of the crew needsto cultivate by practice in order to have a really successfulexpedition.Do not return to Camping Headquarters until date indicatedon your itinerary as there will be no accommodations availableuntil that date.DAY TWELVE AT PHILMONTTHE END OF YOUR EXPEDITIONBack to Camping Headquarters.You will break camp on the morning of the twelfth day.The camp director of your ending camp will inspect and tagyour tents before you fold and pack them.Be sure to give those pots and pans their final scouring atyour ending camp so they will be polished and sparklingwhen you return them at Camping Headquarters. (Useplenty of elbow grease and Brillo pads.)The Philmont bus will pick up your group at the endingcamp -unless your group decides to hike in.At Camping HeadquartersYou will:1. Be assigned tents in Tent City.2. Return all Philmont equipment.3. Pick up your laundry and mail.4. Remove equipment from locker.5. Enjoy a good, hot shower.6. Leader checks out with registrar.He picks up group photos, expedition's storedvaluables, etc.Senior by leader checks in expedition's Americanflag with registrar.37

7. Eat in dining hall (it's tough not to have to cook ityourself).8. Buy souvenirs from trading post.9. PARTICIPATE IN CLOSING CAMPFIRE, where youwill receive the Philmont awards.MORNING OF THIRTEENTH DAYHOMEWARD BOUND!A "continental breakfast" is available at 6:M a.m. for thosegroups who have made arrangements. See page 16.You will be checked out of tent city (be sure to leave itclean for the next campers who will be checking in laterin the day). Then, you will take your gear to the loadingdock where your bus will be waiting for you.The Director of Reception will present to your leader the"We All Made It" plaque..Before loading in your bwq, take ane last look at the Tootktof Time. Then load m your bus, ancl he homeward boundafter twelve exciting days of high advelal~re at Philmont.This is a good time for YUI? and your gang to sing the PhilmatHymn as your bus heads back $0 Cimarron-and tohome.Silver on the sage,Star-lit skies aboveAspen covered hills,Country that I love.Philmont, here's to theeScouting ParadiseOut in Gds countryWind in whispr'ing pinesEagle soaring highPurple mountains riseAgainst an azure sky.Philmont, here's to theetoaight.Scouting ParadiseOut in God's c ~~~ntry - tonight.REMAIN STRONG AND WEALTHYThe sMct adherence to the proper health and sanitationpractice is even more important at Philmont than atpome. In the first place, each individual camper is responsideto himself to remain strong and healthy. Mother anddad are not around to keep reminding hi.Of greater importance, each camper is responsible to theother members of the expedition. If, for instance, the camperwho is responsible for dishwashing does not wash and disinfectthe dishes, pots, and pans thoroughly, there is a likelihoodof infection and dysentery.Here are some good trail practices that you should followthat will keep you and your group strong and healthy.Keep Personally CleanA good camper is a clean camper. Personal cleanliness onthe trail is as important as at school or at work. Don't allowyourself to become dirty and slovenly. Use that soap andtowel-that razor and comb. Get a short haircut the daybefore you leave for Philmont so it will last until you getback home.DO NOT BATME OR DO LAUNDRY IN THE STREL4MS3R SPRINGS AT PHILMONT. Remember, there may beother campers below you who will not appreciate the contdnation.Take advantage of every opportunity when you make campto wash your stockings and soiled clothing. After washing,spread them out on the trees and shrubs. They'll dry quickly.Pui£y Atl DrhEng WaterThe water at all camps and from all sources, includingsprings, streams, or wells, must be purified by using theiodine tablets issued for this purpose. Make certain that thisrule is strictly enforced every time each individual drinkswater or fills his canteen.At some staffed camps the camp water supply is chlorinated.The staff will give you this information.Wash Your Dishes ThoroughlyThe health and happiness of your expedition members dependson dishes being thoroughly washed and disinfectedafter each meal. Washing dishes in cold water is a hazardthat can easily spoil your trip. It takes a little more timeand a little more wood at high altitude to boil water, butthe extra trouble is well worthwhile. Careless dishwashingsooner or later leads to illness on the trail.39Ie

After washing dishes and pans in hot, soapy water, rinsethem in hot water with HTH added. This is a disinfectantthat is recommended by the Health Department and the NationalCamping Service of the Boy Scouts of America. Dishes,utensils, pots, and pans will air-dry quickly at Philmont.LatrinesIn staffed camps and in some other camps pit latrines areprovided for your use. It is very important that these beproperly used and kept clean by the individual members ofyour expedition. At all other trail camps, your expeditionmust dig a straddle trench for its use. The trench shouldbe at least 8 inches wide, two feet long, and 18 inches deep.For longer than overnight stops, the length of the trenchshould be increased. Keep shovel or a wooden paddle at thelatrine so that material in the pit is covered after eachusage. Protect the toilet paper with a plastic bag cover.Do not put other materials such as garbage, paper or trashin the trench as it will be dug up by animals. Before leaving,be sure to fill trench completely, pack down earthand mound over to avoid erosion. It is also helpful if youmark on a stake that it is a closed latrine and the date.Take Proper Care of Your FeetKeep your toenails short and square. Don't round thecorners. Cleanliness of feet and socks is a MUST for hikingcomfort. Wash them before and after a hike. Change socksdaily. Treat cuts and sores on the feet with antiseptic andbandages.Blisters should receive immediate attention when they arenoticed. Your unit will be wise to wait while you care fora blister, because the whole gang can travel only as fast asits worst blister allows. Follow to the letter the instructionson foot care that you receive at starting camp.Beware Lightning and Flash FloodsDuring lightning storms, avoid shelter at base of largetrees, or smaller ones for that matter. If caught in the open,lay down in a sheltering gulley or ravine so that there areother portions of land higher than your body. Stay awayfrom fences which conduct electricity, and do not hikealong the ridge trails.During periods of heavy rain, stay away from the bottomsof canyons.. Be sure to make your camp on higher ground.The flash flood of June, 1965, taught us that innocent threadlikestreams can become raging rivers in very little time.So make your camp where it is high and dry.Avoid the PlagueRabies and bubonic plague may be transmitted by rabbits,ground squirrels, chipmunks, and other rodents. DO NOTHANDLE GROUND ANIMALS.Repel Those MosquitosDuring wet periods the mosquitos do take a new lease onlife and they just love to feast on young blood. Mosquitorepellent is recommended for the trail.What To Do When "Confused"Yes, confused is the word for it. No one ever gets lost atPhilmont.If your expedition stays together instead of stretching overa long distance on the trail, the possibility of anyone becomingconfused is remote. Our trails are well markedand, if you use your map properly, you will not likely losethe trail.Never allow one member of your expedition to leave campalone. Always be sure there are 3 or more in the partyif they make any side trips or leave without the rest of theexpedition.At Philmont where we have many trails and no swamps,if a boy or a whole expedition becomes confused, it is bestto travel downhill or at least in a set direction until youfind . a . trail. Follow it downhill and sooner or later youwill either come to a major trail, a camp, a landmark youcan identify, or at least find some trail markers. DO NOTATTEMPT TO TRAVEL AT NIGHT. Stop in a safe campingarea, make camp, build a large fire and keep it going. Thismay help a search party; however, most searching, exceptin dire emergencies, will be done in the daylight, so prepareyour expedition for as comfortable a night as possible.Always carry extra food for such emergencies. It has wonderfuleffects on the morale of a "confused" expedition.AGAIN, one of the best ways to avoid accidents or lostcampers is to stay together.In Case You Are Injured or I11If you follow your map carefully, you always know yourapproximate position.If a member of your expedition is injured, do not attemptto move him. Send at least two persons to the nearest campfor help. The leader of the expedition always stays withthe injured or ill person until the patient is turned overto the Philmont staff. He then rejoins his expedition.The staff has the equipment and the knowledge to give youthe assistance you need. They can contact our doctorsquickly and get one to the accident scene. Each of the outpostand staffed camps is equipped with a stretcher andother equipment for moving any injured person correctlyunder a doctor's supervision.tj

Medical TreatmentEach expedition carries its own first aid kit for minor cuts,bruises, scratches, and burns. All except these minor casesmust be treated by the medical staff. Either the patient isbrought to the headquarters health lodge or a medical staffmember goes to the camp. Serious cases needing hospitalcare are taken to a hospital in a nearby town. Proper supervisionand the right kind of leadership by leaders of expeditionshas resulted in an exceptionally good health and lowaccident record at Philmont. If a patient is brought to thehealth lodge at headquarters, make certain all his equipmentgoes with him.Charges for special medicines must be paid at the healthlodge. Expenses for medical or hospital services above theseavailable from Philmont medical staff are the responsibilityof the individual involved.KEEP PHILMONT BEAUTIFULPART VICamping at Philmont is a privilege. This privilege car~ieswith it a great responsibility to preserve, not desecratemind you, but to preserve its natural beauties. This responsibilityis placed squarely on your shoulders.While you are camping at Philmont, please follow thesepractices which really are nothing more than good Scoutcamping.iWilderness MannersThe importance of good wilderness manners cannot be overemphasized.Many thousands of boys go through Philmontevery summer. Because of this, it is necessary to be morecareful about wilderness manners than at almost any othercamping area. Practices which you can "get by with" elsewherewould turn Philmont into a trash heap because of thegreat numbers of boys at Philmont.Because Scouts have zealously followed good wildernessmanners in the past, Philmont still looks like the wildernessit is and not a roadside dumping ground. We must all carryon this tradition so that Philmont will be preserved for thefuture.It is strongly recommended that the leader go over this materialand the material in Part V with the group in theirtraining before coming to Philmont. Have these practicesfirmly in mind when you arrive, and put them into practiceat your first camp.The two most important dangers to Philmont are soil erosionand litter. Be constantly on your guard to preventboth.The thin, rocky soil of Philmont washes away very easilyin the frequent thundershowers. For this reason, ratherextreme care has to be taken to keep the ground coverfrom being broken whenever possible. No unnecessaryholes should be dug, and tents should not be trenched.Obviously, the Philmont staff cannot keep the litter andtrash picked up from all the trails and campsites on Philmont.It is up to you to take care of this, to pick up anytrash you come across and not to leave any yourself.Green boughs should not be cut without staff permission.There are just not enough to go around, and cutting manyboughs from a tree makes it quite unsightly. Similarly,standing trees should not be cut without staff permission.A standing tree, even though dead, is much less of a firehazard than a downed one. Some camps will offer anopportunity for you to cut down trees which need to beremoved. 143 iI

Garbage and trash should never be buried or scattered insome "out of the way" place. Animals invariably dig upanything buried and bring it to the surface, creating anerosion hazard in the process. Exposed garbage, no matterwhere it is, presents a bad health hazard that cannot betolerated with numbers of boys around. Follow correctsanitation procedures as outlined.When hiking do not cut switchbacks. They are made toavoid erosion as much as to make hiking easier. Cuttingthem will cause a path to form which can grow into agully in no time on a steep slope.It is also of major importance never to let the group getseparated on the trail. Do not bunch together, but alwaysremain within sight of one another. Almost all instancesof campers getting "confused" stem from not following thispractice. In addition, it is very unsafe to get out of sightof the rest of the group. An accident could happen to someonein the rear, and if the person carrying the first aid kitis a mile ahead, it will not be a good situation.Follow the trails and do not cut across country. Someshortcuts turn out to be impassable. Please, as you hikethrough fenced areas of the ranch, be sure to leave gatesjust as you find them, either open or closed.Help keep the trails clear. If you find a rock or tree acrossa trail, remove the obstruction.If your unit divides temporarily for programs or side hikes,always go in groups of three or more-never alone! Thisis wide, wild country, and you can get confused withouttrying. Always let your leader know where you are goingand when you plan to return, and be sure to take map andcompass with you.Remember, on the Philmont trails groups with pack animalsalways have the right of way. Otherwise, the downhillgroup has the right of way. Be courteous to those youmeet along the trails.Don't Be A Litter Bug!Never let it be said that Philmont is a messy ranch becauseyou were there. Be eternally vigilant and discipline yourselfto put paper, wrappers, and other debris in your pocketalong the trail to be deposited at the first refuse containerthat you come across. Remember, nothing that is not nativeto Philmont soil should be left on the ground.Garbage and Trash DisposalTo insure a clean camp and the health of those who followyou, proper disposal of garbage, rubbish and dishwater isabsolutely essential. Do not bury this material, and donot dig a dishwater pit. Burn all garbage and trash possible.Crush all "crushables." Put all remaining unburnables inrefuse cans where provided. If refuse cans are not available,place these remaining materials in your tote bag whichshould be used with a disposable plastic liner. Carry in yourpack to the nearest refuse can or landfill.DishwaterAt staffed camps you will usually find a dishwater sump.Strain out all garbage and pour in sump. On the trail, pourdishwater on the ground away from the immediate campingarea, being certain to strain out and then burn all garbage.PLEASE HELP KEEP PHILMONT CLEAN.Prevent Forest FiresOur forests are a beautiful and valuable heritage; their losswould be a major disaster. It is extremely dry here, andeverybody must do everything possible to prevent forestfires.The U. S. Forest Service points out that good outdoorsmenfollow these practices when using fires:1. Never build a fire against a tree, stump, root, or logas it may be difficult to control or put out.2. Avoid building a fire on a grassy area as this destroysone of our most valuable assets. Grass will not growfor several years on a fire spot.3. Build your fires on rock or on at least two (2) inchesof unburnable soil taken from latrine trench or "borrow"pit. Replace soil to pit when you break camp.4. Rake up inflammable material before building a fire.5. Never toss a match away. Put it in the fire or holdthe match until it stops smoking then break it betweenthe thumb and fingers of one hand and stepon it.6. Never leave a fire unwatched, even for a few minutes,particularly on a windy day.7. Never try to put a fire out by scattering it.8. Put out your fire with sand, damp earth or, best ofall, water. After the first soaking, stir the ashes andadd more water then feel it with your hands to makesure it is out.9. Keep in mind the forest and wildlife resources and,possibly, human lives you are protecting by your carein handling fire.Be alert for wild fires. If you see white smoke boiling up,you have spotted a forest fire. Prairie fires spread out,and the smoke seems to be sweeping. When you spot

a fire or think you have, report it at once to your leader.He in turn should report it as fast as possible to the nearestcamp director or Philmont staff member.SafetyThe most serious accidents at Philmont are those that occurfrom falls from cliffs and rocky ridges. Campers must constantlybe alert to the ever present danger when climbingsteep, rocky mountain slopes. Common sense will help youdifferentiate between the difficult and the dangerous areas,and to bypass the dangerous areas completely.Rock outcrops in the north country are relatively soft sandstone,easily dislodged and crumbly.Rock formations in the central and southern portions of theranch are generally harder and more firm but steep andprecipitous.Great care needs to be taken to make sure of each steptaken. Avoid rolling rocks downward. There may be campersbelow you. Also, this practice may start serious erosion.The "A-B-C" of mountain climbing is ALWAYS BE CARE-FUL.NaturePick flowers for specimens only. No bouquets, please! Wewant the flowers to grow and seed.Do not disturb birds or their nests when observing them.Leave Guns and Fireworks at HomeNo guns are allowed at Philmont except those furnished onthe designated ranges. Please do not bring guns or archeryequipment with you. If you cannot avoid bringing guns,they must be turned in at Camping Headquarters duringyour stay.It is against the state law to shoot fireworks in New Mexico.They are a great fire hazard on such a place as the ranch.Do not bring fireworks with you.SmokingOur Scout Oath reminds us to keep ourselves physicallystrong. Smoking does have an adverse effect on the humanbody. Expedition leaders can help set the example whileat Philmont by abstinence. Because of. the ever presentforest fire danger, there will be no smoking on the Philmonttrails.IEPILOGUE(Save this page until after you are on your wayhome from Philmont.)THIS IS NOT THE ENDMemories and friendships can be kept sparkling and alive -and there will be plenty of both as a result of your highadventure at Philmont.Most of you campers have traveled across vast sections ofAmerica. You have seen the greatness of America- youhave learned more about America - and to know Americais to love America. In the critical days that lie ahead, ourcountry needs that kind of patriotism.You have hiked and camped along the Philmont trails. Youhave stood on the mountain peaks, and your heart beat alittle faster when you looked down and out at the grandeurand beauty of its forests, mountains, and canyons.Perhaps you have fished in the cold water streams, andrelish the memories of a trout breakfast along the stream.And as you enjoy the memories of your "high adventure,"you utter to yourself a prayer of thanksgiving. Perhapsyour prayer may be similar in thoughts, if not in words, tomy Thanksgiving prayer:I am thankful-for the Boy Scouts of America - a great movementdedicated to the proposition that all boys are equaland important. Scouting is a program that enrichesthose precious boyhood years with exciting adventure- and, at the same time, strengthens the sinewsof boys, sharpens their minds, and keeps their heartsin tune with God and fellowman.I am thankful- for Waite Phillips - a product of "cavitalism"-"free enterprisen1or wcatever you want to call it(and whatever you do call it, you will admit it isgood). Waite Phillips was captivated by the ideaand the ideals of the Boy Scouts of America, and sohe gave Philmont with the fond hopes that therugged mountains would help develop boys intorugged men.I am thankful-for the Philmont staff who give so liberally of themselvesto the thousands of campers who come fromnearly every state in the Union, and from PuertoRico and Canada. The love for Philmont demonstratedby the old-timers and the red-hot enthusiasmdisplayed by the younger members ofthe staff are a constant source of joy as I becomebetter acquainted with each of them.ADIOS, AMIGO!Joe DavisDirector of Camping

MY PHILMONT TRIPINTERESTING FACTSArrived at Philrnont onmonth date hourand we left Philmont o- -Our ranger's nameHis address is:My pack weighipounds, and I hiked a total ofm i l e s .Our starting camp was atWe camped at the following campsites:The camp I enjoyed most wasThe programs that I enjoyed best were:atatatThe highest mountain I climbed waswhich is_-_fethigh.(camp).(camp).(camp).II saw these wild animals: (circle the ones you saw)Buffalo, deer, elk, bobcat, mountain lion, bear, antelope,(Use reverse side for additional comments.)48