Chapter 4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution

• The oxidation number of fluorine is –1 in all compounds. The other halogens have anoxidation number of –1 in most binary compounds. When combined with oxygen, as inoxyanions, they have positive oxidation states.• The sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a neutral compound is zero. The sum of theoxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion equals the charge of the ion.Maximum oxidation number = group number.Minimum oxidation number = group number – 8.ex: NO 3– Oxidation number of N is +5.NH 3 Oxidation number of N is –3.Substances that are oxidized are reducing agents.Substances that are reduced are oxidizing agents.Types of Redox Reactions• Combination reactionsC(s) + O 2 (g) → CO 2 (g)3Mg(s) + N 2 (g) → Mg 3 N 2 (g)• Decomposition Reactions2KClO 3 (s) → 2KCl(s) + 3O 2 (g)• Displacement ReactionsCh 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solution - 10 -