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oadSIDE2014 | NO. 4To BeSoldVirginia and theAmerican Slave TradeExhibition, page 2

oadSIDEthe magazine of theLIBRARY OF VIRGINIA2014 | ISSUE NO. 4librarian of virginiaSandra G. Treadwaylibrary board chairPeter E. Broadbent Jr.editorial boardJanice M. HathcockAnn E. HendersonGregg D. KimballJohn MetzeditorAnn E. Hendersongraphic designerAmy C. Winegardnerphotographic servicesPaige Stevens BuchbinderPierre CourtoisBen SteckcontributorsBarbara BatsonSonya ColemanMark HowellAudrey McElhinneyAdrienne RobertsonEmily J. SalmonbroadSIDE is published quarterly by theLibrary of Virginia. © 2014 Library of Virginia.All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole orin part without permission is prohibited.broadSIDE is funded by the Library ofVirginia Foundation and other special funds.the inside storyYesterday’s News Is IndispensableVirginia Chronicle and Chronicling America websites offera wealth of digital newspaper holdingsIt is often said that newspapers represent the first roughdraft of history. Certainly, anyone who has done researchin Virginia history from the mid-18th century onwardknows how indispensable newspapers are—from the first issue ofthe Virginia Gazette published in the colony in 1736 through thethousands of daily, weekly, and monthly papers that have followed.Today’s news may be tomorrow’s history, but if we don’t take careto collect and preserve these newspapers—both in print and intoday’s electronic versions—the valuable information they containcan be lost forever.Since its founding in 1823, the Library of Virginia hassubscribed to and collected as many newspapers as possible,published in all corners of the state. This effort to document Virginia’s past was greatlyenhanced in 1993 when the Library partnered with the Library of Congress and the NationalEndowment for the Humanities to establish the Virginia Newspaper Project. Supported withNEH funding, VNP staff conducted an exhaustive survey of repositories and newspaperarchives across the commonwealth to create a comprehensive list of every newspaper titleever published in the state, along with an inventory and location of all surviving copies. Thisinventory can be accessed on the Library’s website at www.lva.virginia.gov/public/vnp. Overthe years, as funding permitted, the VNP has conserved paper copies of these newspapersand then microfilmed them to ensure their preservation and ease of access.Today, the VNP has joined the National Digital Newspaper Program in an ambitiousinitiative to provide free access to text-searchable digital images of historical Americannewspapers. Our dream is one day to have all 2,500 Virginia titles in our collection availablein digital format. For now, however, we have started with newspapers that meet the criteria setby the NDNP, as well as selected special-interestOur dream is one day totitles for which we were able to secure funding.Our digital newspaper holdings are available onhave all 2,500 Virginiathe Library’s Virginia Chronicle website at www.virginiachronicle.com. Many can also be found ontitles in our collectionthe Library of Congress’s Chronicling America site(www.chroniclingamerica.loc.gov).available in digital format.A feature added recently to Virginia Chronicleallows registered users to correct the mistakes sometimes found in automated transcriptionsof newspaper articles created by optical character recognition. I invite you to sign up tocontribute to improving the quality of this valuable digital resource. And if you know of anewspaper once published in Virginia that doesn’t appear in the VNP inventory, please let usknow. Even the first rough draft of history should be as complete as we can make it.Sincerely,inquiries | comments | address correctionsAnn E. Henderson, Editor, Broadside800 E. Broad St., Richmond, VA 23219ann.henderson@lva.virginia.gov804.692.3611Library of Virginia 804.692.3500Sandra G. Treadway, Librarian of VirginiaON THE COVERSlave Auction Flag. Courtesy of the South CarolinaHistorical Society. On display in the gallery of theLibrary of Virginia through May 30, 2015.

PLAN YOUR VISIT800 East Broad Street | Richmond, Virginia 23219-8000 | 804.692.3500 | www.lva.virginia.govWelcome to the Library of Virginia, the state’s oldest institution dedicated to thepreservation of Virginia’s history and culture. Our resources, exhibitions, and eventsattract nearly 200,000 visitors each year. Our collections, containing nearly119 million items, document and illustrate the lives of both famous Virginians andordinary citizens.INFORMATION804.692.3500 | www.lva.virginia.govLIBRARY HOURSMonday–Saturday, 9:00 am–5:00 pmHOLIDAY SCHEDULEwww.lva.virginia.gov/news/holiday.aspADMISSION IS FREESome special programs may have fees.Check calendar listings for details.PARKINGLimited parking for Library visitors is availablein the underground parking deck, accessiblefrom either Eighth or Ninth Streets.THE VIRGINIA SHOP804.692.3524Monday–Friday, 10:00 am–4:00 pmSaturday, 10:00 am–2:00 pmTHE VIRGINIA SHOPAT THE CAPITOL804.698.7661Monday–Saturday, 9:00 am–5:00 pmSunday, 1:00–5:00 pmDININGMonday–Friday, 8:30 am–3:00 pmSaturday, 11:00 am–2:00 pmTOURS804.692.3001Please call ahead to schedule a free tour.Monday–Saturday, 9:00 am–4:00 pmLIBRARY REFERENCE DESK804.692.3777refdesk@lva.virginia.govMonday–Saturday, 9:00 am–5:00 pmARCHIVES REFERENCE DESK804.692.3888archdesk@lva.virginia.govMonday–Saturday, 9:00 am–5:00 pmEVENTS804.692.3592CALENDARlibva.com/newsSTATEWIDE EDUCATIONALRESOURCES804.692.3999www.lva.virginia.gov/lib-edu/educationThe Library provides relevant and usefuleducational material on Virginia’s history,culture, and people to educators, students,and lifelong learners of any age.SUPPORT THE LIBRARY:MEMBERSHIP & OTHERGROUPS804.692.3590amy.bridge@lva.virginia.govFOLLOW US ONCURRENT EXHIBITIONTo Be Sold:Virginia and the American Slave TradeThrough May 30, 2015Exhibition Gallery & LobbyTo Be Sold Exhibition Explores Virginia & the American Slave Trade 2Reading Room Revelry Family History Conference Brings Hundreds to Library 8Making History: Transcribe Help Us Transcribe Historic Documents Online 9Calendar Upcoming Events & Exhibitions 10Brown Teacher Institute & Research Fellows Library Hosts Teachers 12Library of Virginia Literary Awards Congrats to 2014 Finalists & Winners 13Photographs © Prakash Patel2014 | ISSUE NO. 4Adopt Virginia’s History Adoption Success Story 14In Circulation Civil Rights 50th Anniversary Event 16contents2014 | ISSUE NO. 4 broadSIDE 1

EXHIBITIONExhibition aims to humanizethis difficult subject byexamining art, artifacts,and documentsby Barbara BatsonTo Be Sold: Virginia and the American Slave Trade is the firstexhibition to explore the commonwealth’s role in the trade ofenslaved people within the United States that developed about1808 and that accounted for the largest internal migration of peoplebefore the Great Depression of the 1930s. Through art and artifacts,To Be Sold explores these complexities, including Virginia’s role as amass exporter of enslaved people through the Richmond market andthe inner workings of the market itself—the most profitable economicactivity in the entire state and possibly the nation.Curator Maurie D. McInnis, vice provost for academic affairsand professor of art history at the University of Virginia, based theexhibition on her research published as Slaves Waiting for Sale:Abolitionist Art and the American Slave Trade (2011). Central tothe exhibition are two paintings created by British artist Eyre Crowethat capture the complexities and pathos of American slavery andrepresent an unusual choice for an artist to depict. Slaves Waitingfor Sale shows the tension of enslaved people just before the auctionbegins. The calmness of that scene contrasts mightily with the chaosand confusion of After the Sale: Slaves Going South, which showsthe enslaved as they’re about to be shipped to the Lower South. Afterwitnessing the trade in enslaved people in Richmond and Charlestonin the 1850s, Crowe exhibited the paintings in London as hisstatement on the need to abolish slavery.To Be Sold examines the material experience of those involvedin the trade by virtually reconstructing Richmond’s slave-tradingdistrict through maps, photographs, insurance policies, and otherdocuments. The exhibition explores the process of the slave tradeBarbara Batson is exhibitions coordinator at the Library.To Be Sold: Virginia and the American Slave TradeThrough May 30, 2015 | Exhibition Gallery & LobbyCurated by Maurie D. McInnis, vice provost for academicaffairs and professor of art history at the University ofVirginia, this exhibition is made possible in part by theNational Endowment for the Humanities.Slave Auction Flag. Courtesy of the South Carolina Historical Society.2 broadSIDE WWW.LVA.VIRGINIA.GOV 2014 | ISSUE NO. 4

A STORY TOLD IN IMAGESAt left: Slaves Waiting for Sale. Eyre Crowe. 1861. Oil on canvas. Courtesy of theHeinz Family Foundation.At right: Masthead from the Liberator, an abolitionist newspaper. May 7, 1831.State Government Records Collection, Library of Virgina.Lower right: Will be Sold. Before the door of the Eagle Tavern. 1812. Broadside.Library of Virginia.from the time a slaveholder decided to sell a slave at the Richmondmarket to the moment when the enslaved personwas sent south to a fate unknown.The story of the internal slave trade is adifficult one to tell. At its heart is the forcedmigration and severing of hundreds of thousandsof African American families. American historicalscholarship tends to focus on the narrative ofwestward expansion, but this emphasis overlooksthe significance of the migration of enslavedAfrican Americans from the Upper South to thenewly settled states of the Lower South—and theaccompanying family separations. To Be Sold helpsto explore this central chapter in American history.Some Virginia slave owners insisted on keepingfamilies of enslaved people together, sometimesrequiring that members of slave families not beseparated when their estates were probated or sold.Many Virginians, however, actively and even eagerlyparticipated in divesting themselves of surplushuman capital. Images in the exhibition evoke thepain of separation for mothers and fathers, sons anddaughters, sisters and brothers. Documentarymaterials from slaves and former slavesacknowledge the anguish of separation or thechallenge of reuniting families after freedomThe history andlegacy of theslave trade havehistorically beenhidden.was granted.In an effortrelated to theexhibition, theAfrican AmericanDatabase Project,internet-accessibledatabases ofnames of slavessold through theRichmond trade willallow people today to find names of ancestors andclues to family genealogies.The history and legacy of the slave trade havehistorically been hidden. To Be Sold will continuea public dialogue inaugurated by recent work ona city slave trail and a proposed slavery museum.The exhibition builds on recent efforts such as theRichmond Slave Trail and excavations at the site ofLumpkin’s Slave Jail. To Be Sold will help recover ahistory that the city has continues on next pageFacts About the American Slave TradennnnnnUntil the Civil War, Virginia was the largest provider of enslaved labor to thelower southern states.The visual culture of slavery—paintings and prints—profoundly affected thedebates over slavery before the Civil War.The most profitable type of business in Virginia, the slave trade produced aunique business culture.Despite the public perception of slave traders as notorious and reviled by boththe North and South, these men were integrated into Virginia society.The trade in enslaved labor accounted for perhaps the largest redistributionof people in American history.The slave trade traumatized and damaged enslaved families through theinvoluntary separation of men, women, and children.2014 | ISSUE NO. 4

TO BE SOLD EXHIBITION-RELATED EVENTSJanuary–February 2015Hampton University Museum, Hampton, VAPANEL EXHIBITIONTo Be Sold: Virginia and the American Slave TradeWednesday, April 29, 2015 | Noon–1:00 pmLibrary of VirginiaLECTUREAfrican American Database ProjectSaturday, February 7, 2015Hampton University Museum, Hampton, VAWORKSHOP | 9:30 am–NoonAfrican American Genealogy: Getting StartedLECTURE | Noon–1:00 pmThe African American Narrative ProjectTuesday, February 24, 2015 | Noon–1:00 pmLibrary of VirginiaLECTUREThe Life and Love of Slave Trader Silas OmohundroFriday, March 20, 2015 | 5:30–7:00 pmVirginia State Capitol, Richmond, VALECTURESolomon Northup andthe Tragic Voyage of the OrleansFriday, May 29, 2015 | Noon–1:00 pmLibrary of VirginiaLECTURESlaves Waiting for Sale:Abolitionist Art and the American Slave TradeNovember–December 2015Alexandria Black History Museum, Alexandria, VAPANEL EXHIBITIONTo Be Sold: Virginia and the American Slave TradeSaturday, November 7, 2015Alexandria Black History Museum, Alexandria, VAWORKSHOP | 9:30 am–NoonAfrican American Genealogy: Getting StartedLECTURE | Noon–1:00 pmThe African American Narrative ProjectSaturday, March 21, 2015 | 9:00 am–5:15 pmLibrary of VirginiaSYMPOSIUMTo Be Sold: The American Slave Tradefrom Virginia to New OrleansTuesday, April 7, 2015 | Noon–1:00 pmLibrary of VirginiaLECTUREDigital Scholarship:Re-creating Richmond’s Slave DistrictJanuary–February 2016Lynchburg Museum, Lynchburg, VAPANEL EXHIBITIONTo Be Sold: Virginia and the American Slave TradeFriday, February 19, 2016Lynchburg Museum, Lynchburg, VAWORKSHOP | 2:00–4:30 pmAfrican American Genealogy: Getting StartedLECTURE | 5:00–6:00 pmThe African American Narrative ProjectPlease check our Web calendar for more information about exhibition-related events: www.lva.virginia.gov/news/calendar.asp.Exhibition, from page 3largely chosen to forget and attempt to both fill a scholarly void andheal a social and historical wound. The exhibition also documentsthe forced exile of enslaved people into the New Orleans trade thatfed the Lower South, emphasizing the centrality of slave trading toAmerican cultural and economic development.Among the lenders to the exhibition are the Heinz FamilyFoundation and the Chicago History Museum, owners of thetwo Crowe paintings, as well as the South Carolina HistoricalSociety, the Massachusetts Historical Society, the Mariners’Museum, the Virginia Historical Society, and the Valentine. nTHIS EXHIBITION IS PRESENTED WITH SUPPORT FROMFOUNDATIONContinue the conversation on social media by using #RVAslavetrade4 broadSIDE WWW.LVA.VIRGINIA.GOV 2014 | ISSUE NO. 4

EXHIBITIONTHOUGHTFUL DISCUSSIONAbove: Exhibitions coordinator Barbara Batson discussesthe two paintings that are main focus of the exhibition.Below: Community members share their thoughts onhow to treat the subject of the slave trade.Community ConversationsLibrary sought feedback during exhibition planning processPlans to translate University of Virginia professor Maurie McInnis’s book Slaves Waitingfor Sale: Abolitionist Art and the American Slave Trade into an exhibition for theLibrary have been in the works for more than three years. The topic has received heightenedscrutiny in recent months with Richmond mayor Dwight Jones’s proposal to build a baseballstadium in the neighborhood that once contained the city’s slave tradingdistrict. The Library took advantage of this newfound interest byconvening a series of community conversations to share our aspirationsfor the exhibition with the public and solicit feedback.More than 30 people took us up on our invitation and shared theirenthusiasm, cautionary tales, and advice. Many of those who commentedon the project stressed the importance preserving the humanity of thoseenslaved. Others pointed out that the harsh reality of treating people ascommodities should not be lost. All agreed that word choice and languagewould be vital in helping visitors balance the intellectual content andemotional impact of the subject matter.“These comments have helped us shape the direction of the exhibitionand sensitized us to how to help patrons reflect on the information as theyemerge from the experience,” said Mark Howell, former manager of Education and Programs.Library staff members and volunteers were also given the opportunity to offer feedbackduring the exhibition planning and production process. n“ Thesecommentshave helpedus shapethe directionof theexhibition.”2014 | ISSUE NO. 4 broadSIDE 5

EXHIBITIONA case from NorfolkCounty details thesad story of anenslaved teenagernamed Elizabeth,who was shippedfrom Norfolk toLouisiana, whereshe died shortlyafter her arrival.RemarkableResourcesDiscover collections forresearching the slave tradeat the Library of VirginiaExhibitions at the Library of Virginia can helpguide researchers to understand more fullythe depth of our collections.While researching for the To Be Soldexhibition, local government records archivistsdiscovered cases heard in Virginia’s ChanceryCourts and other local government records thatilluminate the daily workings of the internal slavetrade. Chancery causes heard in Fairfax andArlington Counties shed light on the slave-tradingactivities of Joseph Bruin, a trader in Alexandria.Harriet Beecher Stowe used Bruin as a templatefor the slave-trader characters found in her bookUncle Tom’s Cabin.These records are remarkable for the storiesthey document of enslaved individuals purchasedin Virginia and taken hundreds of miles away bysea and by land to be sold in the Deep South. Acase from Norfolk County details the sad storyof an enslaved teenager named Elizabeth, whowas shipped from Norfolk to Louisiana, whereshe died shortly after her arrival. The freedomsuit of Hester Jane Carr heard inPetersburg reads like the storylineof the book and film 12 Years aSlave. Like Solomon Northup,Carr was a free African Americanwho was kidnapped and soldinto slavery. Unlike Northup, shenever received her freedom.Records concerning theslave trade also include receipts,letters, lists of names, and afew account books. The accountbooks of the major tradersDickinson, Hill & Co. and HectorDavis were removed fromRichmond at the end of the CivilWar and now reside at the American AntiquarianSociety (in Worcester, Massachusetts) and theChicago History Museum, respectively. Thememorandum book of Captain John C. Epes6 broadSIDE WWW.LVA.VIRGINIA.GOV 2014 | ISSUE NO. 4

documents his role as the southernlink of the trading firm Sneed &Epes, based in Lunenburg County.Epes noted his expenses as he madehis way from Gainesville, Alabama, toVirginia, allowing us to retrace his route.He also listed the enslaved people hesold, including their names and theirinitial and final purchase prices. Hismemorandum book is part of the Library’sLocal Government Records Collection.Digital images of the Epes memorandumbook and several other trade-relatedcollections are awaiting transcription on theLibrary’s new crowdsourcing transcriptionwebsite, “Making History: Transcribe” (www.virginiamemory.com/transcribe).To discover collections at the Library ofVirginia related to the slave trade, search ourfinding aids at http://vaheritage.org and ouronline catalog at www.lva.virginia.gov.—Barbara Batson, Exhibitions Coordinator,and Gregory Crawford, Local RecordsProgram ManagerBUSINESS RECORDS OF THE SLAVE TRADEList at top left: Negroes Carried to the South by W WWood. 1844. Manuscript. Lunenburg County ChanceryCauses, 1743–1921. Local Government Records Collection,Lunenburg County Court Records, Library of Virginia.Bottom left: Memorandum Book Kept by Captain John C.Epes, Slave Trader. 1844–1849. Bound manuscript. LocalGovernment Records Collection, Lunenburg County CourtRecords, Library of Virginia.At right: Receipts for Sales of Slaves. July 29, 1864. Printedform and manuscript. Silas Omohundro. Business RecordsCollection, Library of Virginia.2014 | ISSUE NO. 4 broadSIDE 7

FIND YOUR HISTORYREADING ROOM REVELRYFamily history conference brings hundreds of visitorsto the Library this springThe National Genealogical Society held its 2014 Family History Conference inRichmond. Entitled “Virginia: The First Frontier” and held at the Greater RichmondConvention Center May 7–10, the event attracted 2,593 attendees. Many of thesegenealogists and family history researchers visited the Library of Virginia. Because theconference had been held in Richmond in 2007, the Library had experience with theincreased visitor count and worked to put a plan in place. Library hours were extended intothe evening on May 7 and staff-member volunteers who don’t usually work with the publicwere trained to help out during shifts in the reading rooms.The Library was represented at the conference itself, as well. Four staff memberspresented talks on family history research subjects, the Virginia Shop hosted a vendorbooth, and the Librarian of Virginia, Sandra G. Treadway, received the Filby Award forGenealogical Librarianship (an honor that reflects the overall excellence of the institution).BY THE NUMBERSStatistics for Library activity duringthe May 7–10 National GenealogicalSociety annual conference:568 library cards issuedCompared to 331 in the entire month of April.1,032 microfilm readers assignedCompared to 906 in the entire month of April.2,892 microfilm reels servedCompared to 4,552 in the entire month of April.1,752 in-house questions answeredCompared to 1,519 in the entire month of April.More than 6,000 items reshelvedIt was so fast and furious that we lost count.$18,500 in sales in the Virginia ShopAverage is about $30,000 per month.rave reviewsFeedback from Library visitors duringthe National Genealogical Societyannual conference:15LIBRARY ON OVERDRIVEClockwise from top: 1. Circulation and archival assistant Kristen Allen[center] assists visitors in the West Reading Room. 2. Librarian ofVirginia Sandra G. Treadway receives the Filby Award for GenealogicalLibrarianship. 3. Exhibitions coordinator Barbara Batson (in purple) is oneof the many staff members who volunteered to help out during extra shiftsin the reading rooms. 4. NGS conference attendees line up to register forlibrary cards. 5. Conference attendees conduct family history research inthe Microfilm Reading Room.23“ I was able to get what I needed.People were available. Folks saw melooking around and offered to help.”“ Excellent, beautiful library, greatresources, kind people, and goodlunch.”“ Staff was available, professional,knowledgeable, and able to helpfrom beginner to advanced.”“ Digitize more documents, becauseyou have unique collections.”“ I would like the Library of Virginiato extend its hours. Evening hoursare desirable.”48 broadSIDE WWW.LVA.VIRGINIA.GOV 2014 | ISSUE NO. 4

DIGITAL COLLECTIONSCollaborative online workspaceinvites users to transcribehistoric documentsWould you like to help make Virginia history easier for researchersto find? You can help improve access to historic documentsin the Library of Virginia’s collections by transcribing (or reviewingtranscriptions of) handwritten pages, broadsides, and other items in acollaborative online workspace on the Library of Virginia’s website called“Making History: Transcribe.” Once transcribed, the documents can bemade text-searchable in Digitool or other delivery platforms in order toincrease ease of use.The project is part of Virginia Memory (www.virginiamemory.com/transcribe), the Library’s home for digital collections. Frompeace to wartime, court records to letters home, and conspiracies topolitical statements, there should be something to appeal to everyone.Help us tell the narrative of all Virginians—the famous, infamous,and even anonymous.The first items available for transcribing are documentsfrom the Civil War 150 Legacy Project, broadsides from SpecialCollections, and documents related to Gabriel’s Conspiracy, a failedRichmond-area slave uprising in 1800. Also included are documentsin the African American Narrative Project, which contains recordsrelated to enslaved and free people who lived in Virginia prior tothe end of slavery in 1865. The stories that these documents tellform a narrative of a people that has not been fully told because of thedifficulty of accessing the records. Future transcribing efforts willinclude collections related to Library exhibitions and programs.A Library staff member will perform a final review of eachtranscription before it is approved and marked complete. For thoseon social media, use the hashtag #LVAtranscribe for questionsand comments related to the project. For more information, visitthe website at www.virginiamemory.com/transcribe or contactus at makinghistory@virginiamemory.com. “Making History:Transcribe” is made possible in part by the Institute of Museum andLibrary Services and Dominion Virginia Power.—Sonya Coleman, Digital Collections SpecialistMAKE IT “SEARCHABLE”Top: One of the items in need of transcription (as we go to press) is this letter from anAccomack County freedom suit, part of the African American Narrative Project.Bottom: These items from the Library’s broadside collection have been transcribedbut need review.2014 | ISSUE NO. 4 broadSIDE 9

calendarFall/Winter EventsAll events are free unless otherwise noted.Wednesday (at noon)–Saturday, November 26–29HOLIDAY CLOSINGClosed for the Thanksgiving HolidayThursday, December 4 | 10:00 am–NoonGENEALOGY WORKSHOPOnline Genealogy ResearchPlace: Network Training CenterCost: $15 ($10 for Semper Virginia Societymembers)Many libraries and archives are digitizing theircollections to provide easier access for users.Join senior reference archivist Kelly Sizemoreto learn how to find digitized records onlineto help in your genealogical research. Classsize is limited to 12 people. To register, go tohttp://tinyurl.com/prn26da.December 15–23 | Monday–Friday: 10:00 am–4:00 pm, Saturday: 10:00 am–2:00 pmTHE VIRGINIA SHOPFriends & Family Holiday SalePlace: The Virginia Shop at the Library of VirginiaWe’re celebrating our friends and familythis holiday season with a special sale inthe Virginia Shop at the Library of Virginia.A large variety of holiday and regularmerchandise will be marked down up to 50percent off the original price and full-priceditems will be 10 percent off. As a bonus toSemper Virginia Society members, we’reextending the mark down to 20 percent offall full-priced merchandise in the Librarystore over the course of the sale. Join asa new or renewing member and receive awhopping 30 percent off your entire purchaseof full-priced merchandise! Visit us onlineat www.thevirginiashop.org/foundationmembership.aspxor call Jennifer Blessman at804.692.3561.Wednesday (at noon)–Saturday, December 24–27HOLIDAY CLOSINGClosed for the Christmas HolidayThursday–Saturday, January 1–3HOLIDAY CLOSINGClosed for the New Year’s HolidayThursday, January 22 | 5:30–6:45 pmA LIVE SHOW WITH THE AMERICAN HISTORY GUYSBackStory to the Future . . . Live!Place: Lecture HallIn celebration of the Virginia Foundationfor the Humanities’ 40th anniversary, theAmerican History Guys of BackStory (theFoundation’s public radio program andpodcast that brings historical perspective toevents happening today) will present a liveshow at the Library of Virginia. RenownedU.S. historians Ed Ayers, Peter Onuf, andBrian Balogh will offer lively discussion andanswer questions from the audience. After theshow, guests are invited to a private viewing ofthe Library of Virginia’s exhibition To Be Sold:Virginia and the American Slave Trade, curatedby Maurie D. McInnis, a VFH board memberand University of Virginia vice provost foracademic affairs and professor of art history.McInnis will be available to answer questionsabout the exhibition until 7:30 pm. LectureHall seating will be available on a first-come,first-served basis. Overflow seating with showsimulcast will also be available. Doors openat 5:15 pm; show begins promptly at 5:45 pm.To attend, please register online by Jan. 15 atVirginiaHumanities.org/BackStory-Live or callMaggie Guggenheimer at 434.924.6562.Saturday, February 7 | 9:30 am–NoonOFF-SITE GENEALOGY WORKSHOPAfrican American Genealogy: Getting StartedPlace: Hampton University Museum,130 E. Tyler St., Hampton, VAReference archivist Cara Griggs leads anexploration of the Library’s collectionsthat are helpful in researching AfricanAmerican families. Formore information, contactAdrienne Robertsonat 804.692.3001.Free, but registration isrequired: go to http://hamptongenealogyworkshop.eventbrite.com. Thisworkshop is underwritten bythe Virginia Foundation for theHumanities.Saturday, February 7Noon–1:00 pmOFF-SITE LECTUREThe African AmericanNarrative ProjectPlace: Hampton University Museum,130 E. Tyler St., Hampton, VALocal Records program manager GregCrawford discusses an ambitious projectthat aspires to collect the names of enslavedVirginians from the Library’s vast collection.This presentation is underwritten by theVirginia Foundation for the Humanities.Tuesday, February 24 | Noon–1:00 pmEXHIBITION-RELATED LECTUREThe Life and Love of Slave TraderSilas OmohundroPlace: Conference RoomsCollege of William and Mary dissertationcandidate Alexandra Findley chronicles thelife of Silas Omohundro, a Richmond slavetrader, and the African American woman hetook as a wife.For the latest event information…Check our online calendar: www.lva.virginia.gov/news/calendar.aspSign up to receive our monthly E-newsletter: www.lva.virginia.gov/news/newsletter10 broadSIDE 2014 | ISSUE NO. 4

Through May 30, 2015 | Exhibition Hall & LobbyTo Be Sold:Virginia and theAmerican Slave Tradeexhibitionsat 800east broadThis groundbreaking exhibition explores thepivotal role that Richmond played in thedomestic slave trade. Curated by Universityof Virginia professor Maurie McInnis, To BeSold draws from her recent book, SlavesWaiting for Sale: Abolitionist Art and theAmerican Slave Trade, and is anchored by aseries of paintings and engravings by EyreCrowe, a British artist who witnessed the slavetrade as he traveled across the United Statesin 1853. This internal trade accounted forthe largest forced migration of people in theUnited States, moving as many as two millionpeople from the Upper South to the LowerSouth. Virginia was the largest mass exporterof enslaved people through the Richmondmarket, making the trade the most importanteconomic activity in antebellum Virginia. Thisexhibition is not merely a story of numbersand economic impact, but one that alsofocuses on individuals and the impact that thetrade had on enslaved people.ARCHIVES MONTH IN VIRGINIAPoster celebrates the state’srich cultural recordThis year’s Archives Month poster—Archives Are for Virginians—was created from images submitted from archival repositoriesacross the state. We encourage you to explore your Virginiahistory by delving into an archives collection near you—whateverthe month. For more information, go to www.lva.virginia.gov/public/archivesmonth. Since 2002, the Library of Virginia, in conjunctionwith the Virginia Caucus of the Mid-Atlantic Regional ArchivesConference and the Library of Virginia Foundation, has produceda poster commemorating the commonwealth’s archival and specialcollections repositories and the rich cultural records they protect. Eachyear, cultural heritage repositories from across the state contribute tothe celebration by sharing images for inclusion on the poster and byhosting events at their home institutions during the month of October.LOVE YOUR ARCHIVES2014 | ISSUE NO. 4 broadSIDE 11

Teachers work with historicpolitical cartoon images.EDUCATIONT H E L I B R A R Y O F V I R G I N I A F O U N D A T I O NLIBRARY HOSTS TEACHERSAnne & Ryland Brown Teacher Enrichment Fundsupports professional developmentEndowed in 2009 by Ellen and Orran Brown in honor of his parents, Anne and Ryland Brown,of Forest, Virginia, the Brown Teacher Enrichment Fund is a legacy to their lifelong beliefin the power of education to improve an individual’s well-being and that of his or her family. Thefund supports two important programs at the Library of Virginia that enhance knowledge andtraining in history and social science instruction in Virginia.2014 Brown Teacher Institute focused on “Teaching Tough Topics”This year’s Brown Teacher institute—held June 27 at the Library of Virginia and July 7 at theSouthwest Virginia Higher Education Center in Abingdon—explored methods for addressingcontroversial issues in the classroom. Participants learned how original documents can be usedto show multiple sides of controversial issues, and how to facilitate thoughtful and productiveclassroom discussions. The Library’s Mark Howell and Adrienne Robertson offered sessions onusing political cartoons as primary sources and accessing educational resources on the Library’swebsite. Guest presenters were Dr. Karenne Wood, director of the Virginia Foundation for theHumanities’ Indian Program; Rose McAphee, an interpretive training specialist from the ColonialWilliamsburg Foundation; and Cricket White and Sylvester “Tee” Turner of Initiatives of Change.2014 Brown Research Fellows developed resources for Virginia classroomsBrown Teacher Research Fellowships provide educators with an opportunity to study a topicrelated to Virginia’s history and culture and to develop teaching materials in collaboration with theLibrary’s professional staff. This year’s Fellows were Cathy Nichols-Cocke, who teaches 11th-gradeVirginia and U.S. history in Campbell County, and Dan Tulli, a teacher at L. C. Bird High School inChesterfield County, who was recently named a C-SPAN Senior Fellow. Nichols-Cocke developedteacher resources on forced migration and the experiences of enslaved Virginians during the 19thcentury to support the Library’s current exhibition To Be Sold: Virginia and the American SlaveTrade. Tulli developed teacher resources on Virginia’s Reconstruction Era to support the Library’supcoming exhibition Remaking Virginia: Transformation Through Emancipation, which willexamine the transformation of Virginia society in the years following the Civil War.TACKLING TOUGH TOPICSParticipants watch a presentation at the BrownTeacher Institute’s Richmond session, held June 27.TALENTED TEACHERSCathy Nichols-Cocke and Dan Tulli, this summer’sBrown Teacher Research Fellows, focused on enslavedVirginians and the Reconstruction Era, respectively.12 broadSIDE WWW.LVA.VIRGINIA.GOV 2014 | ISSUE NO. 4

LITERARY LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENTBarbara KingsolverPOETRY AWARDMargaret MackinnonKudos!Winners and finalists honored at 17th Annual Literary AwardsEach year, the Library of Virginia Literary Awards recognize outstanding Virginia authorsin the areas of poetry, fiction, and nonfiction (including nonfiction by any author on aVirginia subject). A panel of judges selected the finalists and winners, who received theirawards at a gala celebration at the Library of Virginia on Saturday, October 18. The Librarywas delighted to welcome back best-selling author Adriana Trigiani as host. Other awardspresented that evening include: the People’s Choice Awards, which honor works of fictionand nonfiction as selected by voters online and at public libraries throughout the state;the Literary Lifetime Achievement Award, which celebrates outstanding and long-lastingcontributions to literature by a Virginian; the Carole Weinstein Prize in Poetry, which honorsa poet with strong connections to central Virginia and recognizes significant contributionsto the art of poetry; and Art in Literature: The Mary Lynn Kotz Award, created by theLibrary of Virginia and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, which honors an outstandingbook in fiction or nonfiction that demonstrates the highest literary merit as a creative orscholarly work on the theme of visual artists or art.For more information, please visit www.lva.virginia.gov/litawards. Mark your calendarsnow for the 18th Annual Library of Virginia Literary Awards Celebration on Saturday,October 17, 2015.LITERARY AWARDS FINALISTSPOETRYBob Hicok | Elegy OwedMargaret Mackinnon | The Invented Child WINNERR. T. Smith | The Red Wolf: A Dream of Flannery O’ConnorNONFICTIONBarbara PerryRose Kennedy: The Life and Times of a Political MatriarchAlan TaylorThe Internal Enemy: Slavery and War in Virginia,1772–1832Elizabeth VaronAppomattox: Victory, Defeat, and Freedom at the Endof the Civil War WINNEREMYL JENKINS SEXTON LITERARY AWARDFOR FICTIONCarrie Brown | The Last First DayVirginia Pye | River of DustLee Smith | Guests on Earth WINNERLITERARY LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARDBarbara KingsolverNONFICTION AWARDElizabeth VaronFICTION AWARDLee SmithPEOPLE’S CHOICE FICTION AWARDDavid BaldacciPEOPLE’S CHOICE FICTION FINALISTSDavid Baldacci | King and Maxwell WINNERLauren Graham | Someday, Someday, MaybeMeg Medina | Yaqui Delgado Wants to Kick Your AssLee Smith | Guests on EarthMary Miley | The ImpersonatorPEOPLE’S CHOICE NONFICTION FINALISTSA. Scott Berg | WilsonRex Bowman & Carlos Santos | Rot, Riot, and RebellionSlash Coleman | The Bohemian Love DiariesDean King | The Feud: The Hatfields and McCoys,The True Story WINNERElizabeth Varon | Appomattox: Victory, Defeat, andFreedom at the End of the Civil WarART IN LITERATURE:THE MARY LYNN KOTZ AWARDCarolyn Kreiter-ForondaThe Embrace: Diego Rivera and Frida KahloTHE CAROLE WEINSTEIN PRIZE IN POETRYRita DovePEOPLE’S CHOICE NONFICTION AWARDDean KingMARY LYNN KOTZ AWARDCarolyn Kreiter-ForondaTHE CAROLE WEINSTEIN POETRY PRIZERita Dove17th ANNUALLibrary of VirginiaLiteraryAwardsCelebrationVIRGINIA LITERARY FESTIVAL SPONSORSDominionLibrary of Virginia FoundationRichmond Times-DispatchWeinstein PropertiesVirginia Commission for the ArtsNational Endowment for the ArtsVCU College of Humanities & SciencesWythken PrintingChristian & Barton, LLPMercer TrigianiBlue Ridge A/V and LightingChristopher MarstonKatherine Neville & Karl PribramKathy & Steve RogersThe Honorable & Mrs. John C. WatkinsT H E L I B R A R Y O F V I R G I N I A F O U N D A T I O N2014 | ISSUE NO. 4 broadSIDE 13

T H E L I B R A R Y O F V I R G I N I A F O U N D A T I O NAdoption Success StoryEarly Warwick County RecordsThe Library of Virginia was honored to receive conservationfunds from two lineage organizations that made sizabledonations toward the delamination and conservation of earlyWarwick County records. The Library worked closely with AnnDarst, chairman of the Susan Constant Committee of the NationalSociety of the Colonial Dames of America in the Commonwealthof Virginia, to select early records in need of conservation.Dianne Robinson, chairman of historical projects for the Orderof Descendants of Colonial Cavaliers, also contacted the Librarywith a similar request to help our conservation efforts and provideassistance to these fragile manuscript records.One of the original Virginia shires first enumerated in 1634,Warwick County suffered a number of records losses, mainly duringthe Civil War period. The clerk’s office was burned on December15, 1864, with both county court minute books and loose records(1787–1819) destroyed by the fire. Additional records were burnedon April 3, 1865, in Richmond, where they had been moved forsafekeeping during the war. Ironically, these records likely wouldhave been destroyed anyway, in subsequent fires, if they had notbeen removed.Unfortunately, these surviving records were laminated at somepoint in the past. Cellulose acetate lamination degrades over time,resulting in acetic acid that continues to be produced and releasedinto the paper as long as the laminate remains. After the laminationADOPT VIRGINIA’S HISTORYSave a Piece of the PastYour gift can preserve items in the collectionsThe Adopt Virginia’s History program supports conservationefforts for items in the Library of Virginia’s collections. TheFoundation raises funds to support the Library’s conservationprojects through private donations to the Adopt Virginia’sHistory program by individuals, groups, and membersocieties, such as the Fry-Jefferson Society, which focuses onmap conservation. For more information about this program,please contact Amy Bridge at 804.692.3590 or amy.bridge@lva.virginia.gov. Or go to www.lva.virginia.gov/involved/adopt.asp.was removed, the documents were cleaned, de-acidified, mended,and repaired. Now conserved, the documents will be scanned andthe images added to the Lost Records Localities Digital Collection onVirginia Memory (www.virginiamemory.com).If your organization is interested in supporting our conservationefforts by adopting a certain type of document or subject matter, pleasecontact Amy Bridge at 804.692.3590 or amy.bridge@lva.virginia.govfor more information or to schedule a visit.Warwick County Records Adopted by the Susan ConstantCommittee of the National Society of the Colonial Dames ofAmerica in the Commonwealth of VirginiaGenre: Manuscript Material | Date: 1663–1827Description: These six manuscript documents had been removedfrom the Warwick County courthouse (now the city of NewportNews courthouse) during the Civil War. The documents include apage from a 17th-century order book removed by John Hart of the29th Massachusetts Regiment on August 29, 1862, and returned toVirginia in 1964; three deeds that date from late in the 18th century,one of which includes a plat, that were returned to Virginia in 1952by a descendant of a Civil War veteran; and two legal documentsthat were returned by an individual.Conservation Donation: $1,000Warwick County Records Adopted by the Order ofDescendants of Colonial CavaliersGenre: Manuscript Material | Date: 1685, 1695–1697Description: Four bound manuscript pages (1685) and 13 leavesof manuscript documents (1695–1697); pages from an order book(1685), including estate inventories and a will; pages from deeds;and an order book (1695–1697) that records deeds, wills, and estateinventories.Conservation Donation: $1,50014 broadSIDE WWW.LVA.VIRGINIA.GOV 2014 | ISSUE NO. 4

Looking for a quirky giftfor a co-worker?An educational gamefor your grandkids?A thoughtful Virginia-themedhostess gift?Support the state you love this holiday season witha visit to the Virginia Shops at the Library of Virginiaand the Virginia State Capitol.Shop our online store 24 hours a day atWWW.THEVIRGINIASHOP.ORG or visit theshops and take advantage of the (limited) freeand secure parking below the Library.All proceeds support the efforts of the Library of Virginiain promoting cultural and historical literacy throughoutthe commonwealth.T H E L I B R A R Y O F V I R G I N I A F O U N D A T I O N800 East Broad Street | Richmond, VA 23219 | www.thevirginiashop.org | 804.692.3524e-mail: shop@thevirginiashop.org2014 | ISSUE NO. 4 broadSIDE 15

LETTER FROM THE LIBRARY OF VIRGINIA FOUNDATIONYour Generosity Is Needed Now More Than EverT H E L I B R A R Y O F V I R G I N I A F O U N D A T I O NDear Friends,The Library of Virginia is the oldest state agency in thecommonwealth, preserving the archival collections of Virginiadating back to the founding of the colony in 1607. TheLibrary fills the essential role of protecting the publicrecord of the commonwealth—past, present, andfuture—and provides preservation and access forthose records.Since the economic downturn in 2008, stateagencies have struggled to maintain a consistent levelof service for citizens of Virginia. Each year since, theavailable budget from state funding has grown smallerand smaller, making the work of the Library of VirginiaFoundation all the more vital. Tax-deductible donationsfrom private citizens to the Library of Virginia Foundation fundthe acquisition of historic documents and rare books, conservationtreatment of archival materials, exhibitions, educational and publicprograms, and so much more.Above (left to right): Senator Tim Kaine, Professor Henry L.Chambers Jr., and Congressman Robert C. “Bobby” Scott chatbefore the event begins.At right:in circulationElaine R. Jonesmakes a point.Through its statewide programs the Library of Virginiapromotes a diverse interpretation of history. Programs such asVirginia Women in History and Strong Men and Women provide theresearch and educational materials that highlight the cultural,historical, political, and entrepreneurial contributions ofwomen and African Americans throughout 400 yearsof Virginia history.The coming year promises an exciting lineup offirst-class exhibitions, appearances by world-renownedauthors, a genealogical workshop series, and morecaptivating issues of Broadside. All of these activitiesare funded through the Library of Virginia Foundation.Please consider a tax-deductible donation to theLibrary of Virginia Foundation as part of your charitablegiving this year. You can use the enclosed envelope or call theFoundation office at 804.692.3900 to make a donation by credit cardover the phone. See page 17 to learn about the benefits of membershipwith the Semper Virginia Society through the Foundation.We are grateful for the support of our donors, whose generosityensures the long-term preservation of our shared history.Civil Rights Celebrated—Amy Bridge, Executive DirectorThis summer the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Commission hosted a paneldiscussion at the Library of Virginia to commemorate the 50th anniversary ofthe Civil Rights Act of 1964, which President Lyndon B. Johnson signed into law.The event was chaired by retiring Senator Henry L. Marsh III, and speakers includedLibrarian of Virginia Sandra G. Treadway, Governor Terry McAuliffe, Senator TimKaine, Congressman Robert C. “Bobby” Scott, and Dr. Lauranett L. Lee, curator ofAfrican American History with the Virginia Historical Society.BEGUILING BOTANY1. Left to right: J. Chris Ludwig, director of the Flora of Virginia Project, andexhibition curator Bland Crowder speak to Dick Cheatham, who is dressed ascolonial-era botanist John Clayton. 2. Photographer Jackie Bailey Labovitz, wholent materials to the exhibition, examines a flower illustration. 3. Visitors enjoythe Exhibition Gallery. 4. Lecturer Donna Ware (right) examines a specimenin an impromptu plant consultation after her talk on the history of botany inVirginia. 5. A full house awaits the start of the June 19 lecture.RACIALLY SEGREGATED RICHMOND REMEMBEREDAbove: Senator Henry L. Marsh III moderates a panel discussion with (from left to right): Dr. Lauranett Lee,curator of African American History at the Virginia Historical Society; Dr. William Ferguson Reid, the firstblack member of the Virginia House of Delegates in the 20th century; John T. Kneebone, chair of theDepartment of History at Virginia Commonwealth University; Henry L. Chambers Jr., a civil rights scholarat the University of Richmond; and Elaine R. Jones, Esq., former president and director-counsel of theNAACP Legal Defense Fund.16 broadSIDE WWW.LVA.VIRGINIA.GOV 2014 | ISSUE NO. 4

SEMPER VIRGINIA SOCIETYMembership Has Its PrivilegesThough millions of people from across the country and around the world use theLibrary’s collections for research, the Library is only partially funded by theCommonwealth of Virginia. Did you know that the Library has a membership program thatsupplements its programs, events, and exhibitions? Our corps of members provides thesupport needed to share and enrich the Library’s collections. Membership is tax-deductibleand offers many benefits:nnnnnA one-time, 30% discount at the Virginia Shops each year you renewA 10% discount for the remainder of your membership at the Virginia Shop andthe Discovery CaféDiscounted tickets for special tripsInvitations to exclusive members-only programsDiscounted tickets for fee programming and the Virginia Literary Luncheonduring the annual Virginia Literary FestivalThe best benefit of all? Ensuring the continued legacy of Virginia’s history and culture.To learn more about the Semper Virginia Society and benefits of membership, contactAmy Bridge at 804.692.3590.SAVE ON HOLIDAY SHOPPING!New and renewing members save 30%at the Virginia ShopThis holiday season, take advantage of your Semper Virginia Society member discountbenefits in the Virginia Shop at the Library of Virginia. Find unique literary and Virginiainspiredgifts at great prices. Your new or renewed membership entitles you to a one-time30 percent discount coupon to be used on all regularlypriced merchandise. Use your coupon in the store or onlineat www.thevirginiashop.org. For more information, call theVirginia Shop at 804.692.3524.Special GivingOpportunitiesDo you have a particular passion withinthe Library? If so, one of these specialgiving opportunities may be for you.Adopt Virginia’s HistoryEach year the Library of Virginia conserveshundreds of books, documents, andother artifacts. By “adopting” an item forconservation you help to keep it safe andavailable for future generations. Visitwww.lva.virginia.gov/adopt to learn moreand see items available for adoption.Virginia Authors CircleAll funds raised by the Virginia AuthorsCircle go directly to support theacquisition, conservation, and study ofworks by Virginia authors. Membership isopen to Virginia authors, their families,and supporters.The Hening Society:Planned GivingBequests can help the Library in manyways, always based on your wishes, andare best made with the assistance of anattorney.Donate Your Booksand PapersDo you have books, family papers, orbusiness records that you would like tosee preserved for future generations tostudy? They might belong at the Libraryof Virginia!For more information, please callAmy Bridge at 804.692.3590.T H E L I B R A R Y O F V I R G I N I A F O U N D A T I O NLibrary of Virginia Online Donation Pagewww.lva.virginia.gov/donate2014 | ISSUE NO. 4 broadSIDE 17

800 E. Broad St. | Richmond, VA 23219www.lva.virginia.govNON-PROFIT ORG.U.S. POSTAGEPAIDRICHMOND, VAPERMIT NO. 1088PHOTOGRAPH COLLECTIONTHERE’LL ALWAYS BE MUSICAbove: Eleanor Roosevelt poses with White Top Folk Festivalcontestants Frank Blevins (fiddle), Jack Reedy (banjo), Edd Blevins(guitar), and six-year-old mandolin sensation Muriel Dockery in 1933in Grayson County. Virginia Chamber of Commerce Collection, Libraryof Virginia. At right: Singers hoping to become the next American Idolline up for blocks around Capitol Square to audition for the reality TVshow during its stop in Richmond on July 15, 2014.THEN & NOW Music competitions are part of Virginia historyStaff photographer Pierre Courtois captured the activity of the White Top Folk Festival competition. Several thousandaround Capitol Square when the audition tour bus forpeople attended the first White Top Folk Festival on August 15,American Idol, the reality television singing competition, made a 1931. Held on Whitetop Mountain in Grayson County, the eventstop in Richmond in July. It reminded us that music competitionsare part of Virginia’s past as well as its present. An exampleis this 1933 Virginia Chamber of Commerce Collection imageconsisted mainly of instrumental and singing contests. The newimages will be added to the Library’s photograph collection.