Mekelle University The School of Graduate Studies Faculty of Dry ...

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List of Tables in the AppendixPageAppendix Table 1: Classification of the indigenous cattle breed/types of Ethiopia----------------86Appendix Table 2: Conversion of livestock number in to Tropical Livestock Unit (TLU) ------86Appendix Table 3: One-way analysis of total cultivated land including rented (ha)per household by agro-ecology-----------------------------------------------------87Appendix Table 4: One-way analysis of total livestock (TLU) per householdby agro-ecology----------------------------------------------------------------------87Appendix Table 5: One-way analysis of total utilizable dry matter production (TDM)from cropping system per household by agro-ecology-------------------------88Appendix Table 6: One-way analysis of annual maintenance requirement of livestock(TDM) per household by agro-ecology-------------------------------------------88Appendix Table 7: Contingency analysis of length of feeding period (months)by agro-ecology----------------------------------------------------------------------89Appendix Table 8: Contingency analysis of length of feeding period (months)by feeding method-------------------------------------------------------------------90Appendix Table 9: One-way analysis of live weight change (Kg) per fattened cattleby agro-ecology----------------------------------------------------------------------91Appendix Table 10: Questionnaire used for cross-sectional survey ---------------------------------92- xiv -
AbstractAvailability of major feed resources, cattle fattening practices and marketing system were studiedto generate baseline information which can be used for future interventions to develop marketoriented cattle fattening program within the integrated mixed crop-livestock system. The studywas conducted using cross-sectional survey by interviewing a total of 153 cattle fattenerhouseholds proportionally selected from four kebeles in Weina-Dega and two kebeles in Sub-Kolla agro-ecologies of Bure Woreda in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. Moreover,focus group discussions, field observations, market monitoring and heart girth measurementhave been done to enrich the data. Data analyses were carried out using SAS, JMP5 statisticalsoftware. The study showed that the major feed resources available to livestock include cropresidue,stubble grazing, natural pasture and hay which varied with seasons. Mean annual totalutilizable feed supply per household was 12.70 TDM. Of which, 10.77 TDM (about 84.81%) wasderived from cropping system which comprised 9.63 TDM crop-residues and 1.14 TDM stubblegrazing. Total utilizable DM production from cropping system per household significantly varied(P
Page 3 and 4: Biographical SketchThe author was b
Page 5 and 6: AcknowledgmentsFirst and foremost,
Page 7 and 8: AcronymsACSI-----------------------
Page 9 and 10: 2.4.4.1. Natural Pasture ..........
Page 11 and 12: List of Tables in the TextPageTable
Page 13: List of Pictures in the AppendixPag
Page 22 and 23: Chapter 2: Literature Review2.1. Li
Page 24 and 25: provide an incentive to plant nitro
Page 26 and 27: The high crop-related livestock pro
Page 28 and 29: In the highlands and mid altitude,
Page 30: fodder areas and employing fodder c
Page 34 and 35: 2.5. Improving Utilization Efficien
Page 36 and 37: In traditional system, oxen are usu
Page 38 and 39: production process. It is also help
Page 40 and 41: Before the establishment of the cur
Page 42 and 43: Table 1: Sex and age structure per
Page 44 and 45: Under Sub-Kolla TAEZ, four rural ke
Page 46 and 47: 3.5. Estimation of Annual Feed Bala
Page 48 and 49: Analysis of qualitative and quantit
Page 50 and 51: Type of land useHome steadCultivate
Page 52 and 53: holding had correlation coefficient
Page 54 and 55: 4.3. Feed Resources and Feeding Sys
Page 56 and 57: Table 9: Crop-residue and stubble g
Page 58 and 59: The total annual contribution of cr
Page 60 and 61: In general, correspondence analysis
Page 62 and 63: season grazing (Picture 3). As the
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Although expansion of cropland area
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The current study showed that, the
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ewery by-products was significantly
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diseases of fattening cattle includ
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were 3 months (21.36%), 3.5 months
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Table 14: Possible reasons for abse
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According to the observation made o
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cattle slaughtered in the slaughter
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4.7. Major Constraints and Opportun
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at the same time producing of high
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Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommen
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higher (P
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5.2. Recommendations5.2.1. Research
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ReferencesAbate, A., Kayongo-Male,
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BoPED. 2000. Annual Statistical Bul
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McDowell, R.E. and Hildebrand, P. E
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Wilson, RT., Simeon E. and Simon Ma
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Appendix Picture 4: Private fattene
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Appendix Picture 10: Fattening oxen
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Appendix Table 3: One-way analysis
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Appendix Table 7: Contingency analy
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Appendix Table 9: One-way analysis
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3. Total livestock number and their
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1.4 Major occupation of the househo
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4.4 How do you store crop residues?
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5. Cattle Fattening Practice5.1 Wha
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6.2 What criterions have you consid
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4. Major parasites of fattening cat
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9. Indicate the availability of dif
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