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Lal Bahadur ShastriNational Academy of AdministrationMussoorie - 248 179EPABX Lines: +91.135.2222000, 2632405, 2632236, 2632489, 2632374Web: http://www.lbsnaa.gov.inikB~;Øe iqfLrdkCOURSE HANDBOOKIAS Professional Course Phase II (2010-2012 Batch)

Course HandbookIAS Professional Course Phase II (2010-2012 Batch)

ContentsWelcome ............................................04The IAS and You .......................................05The IAS Training Canvas .........................06IAS Professional Course Phase –II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 08Course Duration and Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 08Course Design..................................08Objectives.....................................08Session Structure ...............................09Training Methodology ............................09Session Inputs .................................10Outdoor Activities ...............................12Foreign Exposure Visit ...........................13Course-related Administrative Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Press and Publication Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Penalties .............................................16Course Assessment ....................................17Annexures ...........................................19List of Officer Trainees (Group - A & B). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20List of Counsellors ..............................26Director's Nominee on Clubs and Societies . . . . . . . . . . 27Awards .......................................28Guidelines for Conduct ..........................29Escort Duties ..................................30Faculty Profile ..................................31Course Participants ....................................49

WelcomeDear Officer Trainees,Welcome back to the Academy. The last one year of district attachment would havemade you realize that talking about administration and actual administration aretwo different things.The one-year of district training, in effect, was a window to the complex systemcalled government. You have studied the administrative structures, and interactedwith people, their representatives and officials to understand the paradigms ofdevelopment as well as yourself seen the effectiveness of strategies.The IAS Professional Course Phase-II is designed to provide a collage ofexperience sharing for you to learn. Apart from this, there will be seminars to enableexperience sharing by field level officers about district administration, local bodies,rural development by panchyats, role of sub divisional magistrates, ethics &governance etc. All of this, it is hoped, will equip you with insights, knowledge andtechniques to enable you to surmount the challenges ahead in your career andcontribute effectively to the various processes of decision-making, policyformulation and implementation that lie at the core of civil service.Therefore, discover the 'leader' in yourself and improve your leadership skills sothat you can effectively contribute as an administrator in your career. This Course isall about preparing you all to be confident, well informed, inspiring & humaneleaders.Wish you the very best for this course and your career!Jaspreet TalwarAssociateCourse CoordinatorTejveer SinghAssociateCourse CoordinatorAbhishek SwamiAssociateCourse CoordinatorDushyant NarialaCourseCoordinator04

“... you will not have a united India if you do not have a good All IndiaService which has the independence to speak out its mind, which has asense of security...The Constitution is meant to be worked by a ring of Service which will keepthe country intact.”- Sardar Vallabhai PatelThe IAS and YouYou have by now gathered that the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) is perhapsthe most challenging service in the country. Conceived as a vital link between theUnion and the States in our federal polity, this premier service has been entrustedwith the overarching task of realizing Mahatma Gandhi's vision of a self-reliant,inclusive and dynamic India. The development agenda of the State which hasevolved over half a century since Independence is truly comprehensive covering allfacets of life of the country's citizens.Looking back at the balance sheet during the past six decades of India's tryst withdemocracy and development, the picture that emerges is rather mixed. While theIAS has, to a large extent, lived up to the vision of our founding fathers ininstitutionalizing democracy and nurturing the country's pluralistic social fabric, alot still remains to be done and the citizens' expectations are forever increasing.Nevertheless, the picture is one of optimism, with the steady rate of growth over thelast decade and a half has led to the emergence of India an example for the rest ofthe world not only in the sphere of economic growth but also in its ability to achievethe same with its numerous pluralities and within a democratic framework.India of the second decade of the 21st century has transited from being primarilyan agrarian economy to one that is led by rapid growth in manufacturing andservices sector. While the secondary and tertiary sectors have emerged as keydrivers of the nation's economy, the agriculture sector, the mainstay of nearly 60-%of its population, continues to flounder. The challenges before the civil services arethreefold: to be a facilitator of the growth, to ensure that the benefits of the growthand its concomitant spin offs result in the betterment of the poorest of the poor andfinally to ensure that the credibility and legitimacy of the state are in no waycompromised.05

Divisive forces in the form of communalism, casteism, insurgency, and terrorismcontinue to afflict the social fabric of our country. The vocal media and theenlightened citizenry expect the IAS to take the lead and pull the country out of thisquagmire.The hour calls for a renewed and unequivocal commitment to attend to the needsof the poor and marginalized, particularly the scheduled castes and tribes,minorities, women, children and those with special needs and weave themtogether in the socio-cultural and economic fabric of India. The secular andmulticultural ethos, the cornerstone of our Constitution, has to be protected andassiduously nurtured. We should effectively contribute towards the reformsprocesses being pursued for good governance. Such a commitment is critical forthe success of our country's strategy aimed at achieving 'inclusive growth anddevelopment for all'.As a community, your Service comprises officers numbering less than 5000 in thewhole country. There are several exceptional officers who have won public acclaimfor their hard work. There are also a much larger number of those, who, withoutfanfare, continue to toil with absolute dedication and efficiency in variouscapacities, upholding the basic values of the Service - neutrality, integrity,objectivity and professionalism. These officers deserve veneration and emulation.The challenge before us is to craft and lead a vibrant public administrative systemthat is open, efficient, effective, responsive, transparent and accountable. Thiscalls for injecting professionalism and right attitudes amongst the members of theIAS so that the Service becomes even more effective and outcome oriented.With these solemn objectives in mind, the Government of India appointed aCommittee to review the Syllabus of Induction Training in 2005 under Dr.R.V.Vaidyanatha Ayyar, IAS (retd.), also known as the Ayyar Committee. Itsrecommendations as approved by the Government in 2008, lend the structure toyour training calendar.The IAS Training CanvasThe training of an IAS Officer Trainee now spans about two years and comprisesthe following courses:06

The Foundation Course equips fresh entrants with requisite skills,knowledge, and appropriate attitudes to shoulder responsibilities as publicadministrators; inculcates greater coordination among the different civilservices by building esprit de corps; and cultivates the spirit of cooperationand interdependence.(15 weeks)The IAS Professional Course Phase-I - imparts rigorous training to the IASOfficer Trainees in a wide range of subjects to enable them to handle variedassignments that the officer typically holds in the first decade of service.(26 weeks)State and District Training - exposes the officer trainees to the groundrealities and provides opportunities to apply the knowledge and skills acquiredduring the Professional Course to field situations.(52 weeks)The IAS Professional Course Phase-II- provides the Officer Trainees anopportunity to reflect on and synthesize the knowledge and skills acquiredduring the Phase-I and the experiential learning of District Training. It nowincludes a foreign visit component.(10 weeks)The entry level professional training in the Academy is meant to prepare you for thefirst decade of your career when you would function as Sub-Divisional Officers,Project Officers, District Rural Development Agency (DRDA), Chief ExecutiveOfficers of Zilla Parishads, Municipal Commissioners, District Collectors, and insome cases in the State Directorates, Public Sector Undertakings and theSecretariat. At a more fundamental level, this training is meant to build a foundationand provide a perspective for the rest of your career in the civil services. It must benoted that the training scheme for the IAS has expanded well beyond the IASProfessional Course Phase-II and now involves Mid-career Training Programmes -Phases III, IV and V for officers of varied seniority.07

IAS Professional CoursePhase IICourse Duration and ParticipantsThe duration of the IAS Professional Course PhaseII is 10 weeks, from 11th June to17th August 2012. Classes have been scheduled from Monday to Friday. Selectsessions/ guest lecturers can also be scheduled over weekend holidaysdepending on the convenience of the guests. Adventure/sport and creative/artisticactivities are proposed for the weekends.The Course participants include a total of 134 officers comprising 129 from the IAS2010 batch, one from IAS 2009 batch, two from the Indian Army/Air Force/IndianNavy and two from the Royal Bhutan Civil Service. There are 40 lady and 94gentlemen Officer Trainees in this group. The list of participants is in Annexure 1.Course DesignThe IAS Professional Course PhaseII seeks to draw out and make you realize yourpotential in terms of attitude, knowledge and skills. The design of this course is verydifferent from the Foundation Course and IAS Professional Course PhaseI wherethe focus was on equipping you with basic knowledge of administrative theory,elementary skills, and an overview of development schemes. In the past 52-weeks,you have experienced the functioning of various facets of district administration atthe cutting edge and gained invaluable experience.ObjectivesProvide a structured approach for analysis and reflection of individual andcollective experiences gained during the district training08Offer theoretical and practical lessons in political economy, public servicedelivery systems, law, and managementHone administrative, managerial, and ICT skillsDemonstrate proficiency in the regional language of the cadre

Acquire and exhibit progressive values and attitudes for leadership roleExposure to the best international practicesMaintain good health and high levels of physical fitnessDevelop camaraderie and unity within the batch through an active campus lifeSession StructureThere will be four sessions on every working day. However, on some days theremay be an additional session in the afternoon. The session timings are as follows:SessionsTimingsSession I 0930 - 1045Session II 1055 - 1210Tea/Coffee Break 1210 - 1230Session III 1230 - 1345Lunch 1345 - 1445Session IV 1445 - 1600Sessions will be held in full/ half/ quarter groups. The group details are atAnnexures 1.Training MethodologyThe training methodologies adopted for session inputs include: Lectures Case studies Seminars/ panel discussions / group discussions09

Order-writing exercises and moot courts/ mock trialsManagement gamesPresentationsExperience SharingExercisesSession InputsAssignment presentations and academic inputsAs mentioned, the primary emphasis of this Course is on interactive learningthrough experience sharing and analysis. Therefore, presentations of assignmentsby you will constitute bulk of the sessions.District assignment and experience sharing presentation: You will be required tomake one presentation only either on the district assignment or on analytical notesin half groups. The sessions will be moderated and evaluated by faculty membersand/or external resource persons. From each group, one presentation will beselected for presentation in a plenary comprising the entire batch. Needless to say,the assignments that make it to the plenary will be rated higher.Law presentation: A large number of sessions will involve presentation of casestried by you while in the district, order writing and problem solving exercises and revisitingof certain crucial inputs, delivered in earlier phase of training. Lawassignment presentations will be conducted in quarter groups based on zones.Village assignment / Urban assignment presentation: The Village / Urbanassignments will be evaluated and selected assignments will make to the plenaryfor presentation before the full group.We have designed this Course to include topics that are meaningful, relevant, andapplicable in your immediate work situations after completion of training. There willbe inputs in Public Administration, Economics, Management, Law, ICT andLanguage etc. The subject content draws beyond what you have learnt in the10

Outdoor ActivitiesPhysical Exercise and Horse-RidingThe importance of physical fitness in leading a life of health, vitality, and peaceneeds no reiteration. It is all the more critical for those who have hectic and oftentension- filled careers. The morning physical training (PT), which is an integral partof the course curriculum, would prepare you to adopt physical exercise as a dailyregimen of your life. Morning PT is compulsory.Officer Trainees are to report for Physical Training at the Polo Ground on all workingdays. In case of rain, PT will be conducted indoors. You also have the option ofhorse-riding - details of which will be communicated separately.Absence from PT will be treated at par with absence from academic sessions andwill invite appropriate action and leave deduction. In cases of sickness/ ill-health,you are required to report at the Sports Complex, sign the sick register, takeinstructions from the Course team member present there and move to theDispensary for further medical assessment. Those Officer Trainees missingphysical training sessions on account of medical and other reasons (exceptEscort/ MDO Duty) will be required to undergo compensatory physical trainingsessions on weekends. The list of such Officers Trainees will be put up on the noticeboard every Friday for perusal and compliance.As you are aware, the Academy has a state-of-the-art gymnasium and physicalfitness centre at the Sports Complex. You are encouraged to make full use of thesefacilities in the evenings and on holidays.Adventure Sports andother extra curricular activitiesAdventure sports activities will be organized on weekends which include riverrafting,para sailing, rock climbing and treks. Your active participation is solicited inthe clubs and societies, elections to which are to be held shortly.12

Foreign exposure visitA foreign exposure visit has been planned during the seventh week of your course,details of which would be communicated separately.Course-related Administrative IssuesDiscipline and ConductYour Academy believes that you are mature adults, motivated and inspiredlearners.It seeks to provide you with space to enable you to learn as well as enjoy your stayhere. However, this freedom has attendant responsibilities.In view of the fact that you will shortly be assigned responsible position inGovernment, the Course Team will brook no compromise on basic discipline interms of regularity, punctuality and decorum. A member of the Course Team hasbeen designated as in-charge discipline, and will be the first point of reference onall matters of discipline and leave.Unauthorized absence, late arrival for sessions, lack of decorum, failure to followappropriate dress code, etc., will be viewed very seriously and invite administrativeaction. These include negative marks in the Director's assessment, adverse entriesin personal records, and action under All India Services (Discipline and Appeal)Rules, 1969 and IAS Probationer Rules for recalcitrant Officer Trainees.Kindly bear in mind that any contact with external agencies/ institutions, and theCentral/ State Governments should be through proper channel, that is, through theDirector of the Academy. Within the Academy, the supervisory role is appropriatelydelegated to the Course authorities and Cadre Counselors who cannot bebypassed under any circumstance.We trust that you will live up to our faith in you without giving us a chance to resort topunitive measures.13

AccommodationThis Course is fully residential. You are required to stay on campus in the roomsallotted to you. You are not permitted to change rooms or keep your spouse /guests in your room.Married couples within the batch and in the Service (without children) will beallotted one room. Married lady Officer Trainees with children and without familysupport can be provided with a single room and crèche facilities for their children.Infants/ children are not allowed in the academic complex including the OfficerTrainees' Lounge.Leave and AttendanceAs this is a short duration course, you will not be ordinarily eligible for leave (stationleave/ casual leave/ earned leave). You are required to compulsorily attend allacademic and extra-curricular sessions unless specifically declared as 'optional'by the Course team. If you are unable to attend an engagement, prior permissionhas to be taken from the Associate Course Coordinator (Discipline). Attendance inacademic sessions will be based on a seating plan that is fixed and cannot bechanged.Unauthorized absence will result in issue of show cause notice, which has to bereplied to within 24 hours. Non-receipt of explanation on time will be treated as anact of indiscipline and further administrative action will follow. If the explanation isnot found acceptable, appropriate penalty will be imposed. In extreme cases, andbased on the considered decision of the Course team, the recalcitrant individualshall be declared unfit to continue in the programme and shall be relieved forthwithfrom the Academy as per rules. The sequence and channel of appeal on adisciplinary action will be the Associate Course Coordinator (Discipline), CourseTeam through the Course Coordinator, the Joint Director, and the Director. Thedecision of the Director on all matters of appeal will be final. Any attempt to bypassthis system or attempt to obtain recommendation/ request from authorities outsidethe Academy will be treated as an act of extreme indiscipline and result indischarge of the delinquent Officer Trainee from the Course.14

AttireWe reiterate the Academy's dress code and expect you to strictly adhere to it. Lapelcards are to be worn in the academic complex on all working days.Ceremonial attire: for special occasions mentioned in the timetableGentlemen: Black bandgala coat and trousers (not western suits) andformal shoes.Ladies: Formal saree/ western suit (not salwar kameez) and formalsandals/ shoesFormal attire: for all working daysGentlemen: Full sleeve shirt, tie, formal trousers or lounge suit, and formalshoes (no coloured pullovers)Ladies: Salwar kameez/ saree, and formal sandals/ shoesSports attire: Academy t-shirts/ track-pants with white/grey socks, and sportsshoesMess Wear: The formal attire will be the dress for all meals in the officers' messon working days. Informal attire/jeans, t-shirts, sneakers are permitted onHolidays/weekends only. Slippers are strictly prohibited in the academiccomplex.Press and Publication PolicyYou are not permitted to publish, report, or give information to the media, print orvisual, on any matter pertaining to the Service, the Academy, and this Course.You can publish articles of scientific, literary or technical nature injournals/magazines of repute without critiquing Government policy or action onlyafter obtaining prior permission from the Course Coordinator. However, nopermission is required for publishing in LBSNAA publications.15

PenaltiesThe following penalties can be administered by the Course team in addition tosubstantive disciplinary action for misconduct:Nature of Offence Penalty Authority1. Unauthorizedabsence/late arrival inacademic sessionsPT2. Deviance from dresscodeCompulsory remedial PT incase of instance of absencewith deduction of half day leave.Deduction of one day leavefrom the second absenceonwards from the leaveaccountACC Discipline(Levying authority)Course Coordinator(Appeal)Joint Director /Director (Review)To be treated as absence - do -3. Use of mobile phonesin academic complex4. Availing leave/stationleave withoutpermissionConfiscation of mobile phonestill the end of the Course.To be treated as unauthorizedabsence which may lead toissuance of dies non.- do -- do -5. Undignified conduct Action as deemed fit underDiscipline and Appeal (Rules)1969 & IAS Probation Rules- do -6. Failure to switch offlights/turn off taps inrooms, etc7. Failure to comply withpenalty alreadyimposed, or repeatingoffences16Cash penalty of Rs 500 on eachinstance, to be deposited withSociety for Social Services.To be treated as willfuldisobedience amounting to lackof qualities of mind and characterrequired for the service.Discharge from Course/Initiation of disciplinary action- do -Director/ JointDirector

Course AssessmentRule 10 of the IAS (Probation) Rules 1954 provides for determination of inter seseniority of the directly recruited probationers. The factors deciding the inter-seseniority are the aggregate marks obtained by each probationer under differentheads shown in the table below:Civil Service Examination 2300Assessment during Training1. Foundation CourseDirector's Assessment 150Final Written Examination 1502. IAS Professional Course Phase - IDirector's Assessment 200IAS Probationers Final Exam 3003. IAS Professional Course Phase - IIDistrict Training 200Director's Assessment 200Total Assessment during Training 1200GRAND TOTAL 3500You have already been assessed for the Foundation Course and IAS ProfessionalCourse PhaseI. The assessment for IAS Professional Course PhaseII will be from atotal of 400 marks 200 marks each for the district training and Director'sassessment.The evaluation of the district training will be as follows:1. Assignments:(a) Village Study(i) Socio-economic study and land reforms:(b) Assignment on District Administration:20 marks30 marks17

(C)Assignment on Urban Management20 marks2. Monthly Reports including analytical notes/ detailed diary(a) Regularity:20 marks(b) Analysis:20 marks3. Law assignments: 20 marks4. ATI training assessment: 20 marks5. Collector's Assessment: 30 marks6. Language Assignments: 20 marksDISTRICT TRAINING200 marksThe Director's assessment during the IAS Professional Course Phase II willcomprise:1. Punctuality and Regularity: 30 marks2. Experience Sharing Presentation: 20 marks3. Law Presentation: 20 marks4. Language Evaluation: 30 marks5. ICT Evaluation: 20 marks6. Physical Activities: 20 marks7. Extra-curricular activities: 10 marks8. Director's Overall Assessment: 50 marksDIRECTOR'S ASSESSMENT200 marks18

Annexures1. List of Officer Trainees (Group- A & B)2. List of Counsellors3. Director's Nominee on Clubs and Societies4. Awards5. Guidelines for Conduct6. Escort Duties7. Faculty Profile19

Annexure 1List of Officers TraineesIAS Professional Course Phase- II (2010 Batch)Group - ANo. Name of Officer Trainees Cadre OT Code1. Jitender Yadav A G M U T A012. Ravi Prakash Gupta Chhattisgarh A023. Ranjana (Ms.) Tamil Nadu A034. Ameet Kumar Jharkhand A045. Gaurav Dahiya Gujarat A056. Robert Singh Kshetrimayum Manipur Tripura A067. Kadambari Bhagat (Ms.) Nagaland A078. Ghanshyam Thori Punjab A089. Shankar Lal Kumawat Tamil Nadu A0910. Sandeep Kaur (Ms.) Uttar Pradesh A1011. Amit Kumar Jharkhand A1112. Sivakumar K B Karnataka A1213. Kamlesh Kumar Joshi A G M U T A1314. Jai Prakash Maurya Chhattisgarh A1415. Akhand Pratap Singh Uttar Pradesh A1516. R Vimala (Ms.) West Bengal A1617. Subodh Kumar Tamil Nadu A1718. Patel Anand Babulal Gujarat A1819. Sonika (Ms.) Uttarakhand A1920. S S Nakul Karnataka A2021. Mahatme Sandeep Namdeo Manipur Tripura A2122. Monika Rani (Ms.) Uttar Pradesh A2223. Shashank Sethi West Bengal A2324. Ahmed Iqbal Uttarakhand A2425. Nidhi Srivastava (Ms.) A G M U T A2526. Kartikeya Goel Chhattisgarh A2627. Ajay Yadav Tamil Nadu A2720

No. Name of Officer Trainees Cadre OT Code28. Kumar Prashant Uttar Pradesh A2829. Sreevidya P I (Ms.) Karnataka A2930. Arvind Kumar Mina West Bengal A3031. Vishwa Mohan Sharma Nagaland A3132. Shambhu Kumar Uttar Pradesh A3233. Sakshi Mittal (Ms.) A G M U T A3334. Vishwanath West Bengal A3435. Sanjay Kumar Khatri Uttar Pradesh A3536. Vinothpriya R (Ms.) Karnataka A3637. Narender Kumar Meena Gujarat A3738. Bhawani Singh Khangarot Uttar Pradesh A3839. Durga Sakthi Nagpal (Ms.) Punjab A3940. Rajeev Ranjan Jharkhand A4041. R Arjun West Bengal A4142. V Ram Prasath Manohar Karnataka A4243. Lalitha R (Ms.) Tamil Nadu A4344. Ashutosh Niranjan Uttar Pradesh A4445. Kapil Meena Sikkim A4546. Ranu Sahu (Ms.) Chhattisgarh A4647. Vikas Singh Manipur Tripura A4748. Arti Lal (Ms.) Gujarat A4849. Abu Imran Jharkhand A4950. Praveen P Nair Tamil Nadu A5051. Joyoshi Das Gupta (Ms.) West Bengal A5152. Kumar Amit Punjab A5253. Sujeet Kumar Uttar Pradesh A5354. Neha Bansal (Ms.) Tamil Nadu A5455. D. Manikandan A G M U T A5556. Neha Sharma (Ms.) Uttar Pradesh A5657. Saransh Mittar Chhattisgarh A5721

No. Name of Officer Trainees Cadre OT Code58. Maj Nitin Kumar ARMY A5859. K Balaji Uttar Pradesh A5960. Karma R Bonpo Manipur Tripura A6061. Ghodke Rashmi Jayendra (Ms.) Tamil Nadu A6162. Yogesh Kumar Uttar Pradesh A6263. Manjushree N(Ms.) Karnataka A6364. Shyam Lal Poonia Manipur Tripura A6465. Nitish Kumar Uttar Pradesh A6566. Sqn.Ldr P. Panda Air Force A6622

Group - BNo. Name of Officer Trainees Cadre OT Code1. Shanmuga Priya R (Ms.) Madhya Pradesh B012. Ashutosh Salil Maharashtra B023. Kaushal Kishore Bihar B034. Bhandari Swagat Ranveerchand (Ms.) Kerala B045. Chandra Shekhar Singh Bihar B056. Prakash Rajpurohit Rajasthan B067. Mansi Nimbhal(Ms.) Orissa B078. Ganesh Shankar Mishra Madhya Pradesh B089. Anil Bhandari Maharashtra B0910. Kanwal Tanuj Bihar B1011. Yunus Himachal Pradesh B1112. Neha Giri (Ms.) Rajasthan B1213. Anay Dwivedi Madhya Pradesh B1314. Narayan Konwar Assam-Meghalaya B1415. Sudhansu Mohan Samal Orissa B1516. Deshbhratar Prerna Himmatrao (Ms.) Maharashtra B1617. Krishna Bajpai Bihar B1718. Jitendr Kumar Soni Rajasthan B1819. Rajnarayan Kaushik Haryana B1920. Rahul Dwivedi Maharashtra B2021. Asheesh Singh Madhya Pradesh B2122. D Divya (Ms.) Andhra Pradesh B2223. Chaudhari Uday Gaurishankar Maharashtra B2324. Abhijeet Agrawal Madhya Pradesh B2425. Laya Madduri (Ms) Assam-Meghalaya B2526. Raj Kumar Bihar B2627. Harichandana Dasari (Ms.) Andhra Pradesh B2728. Md Sadique Alam Orissa B2823

No. Name of Officer Trainees Cadre OT Code29. Garima Mittal(Ms.) Haryana B2930. Shelesh Nawal Maharashtra B3031. R Venkatesh Kumar Rajasthan B3132. Karmveer Sharma Madhya Pradesh B3233. Karuna Kumari (Ms.) Assam-Meghalaya B3334. Avaneesh Kumar Singh Bihar B3435. Mohammed Y Safirulla K Kerala B3536. Bharati Hollikeri (Ms.) Andhra Pradesh B3637. Bhaskar Lakshakar Madhya Pradesh B3738. Iva Sahay(Ms.) Himachal Pradesh B3839. Prem Chandra Chaudhary Orissa B3940. Thinley Chodhen RBCS B4041. Amrapali Kata (Ms.) Andhra Pradesh B4142. Sudesh Kumar Mokhta Himachal Pradesh B4243. Kaushlendra Vikram Singh Madhya Pradesh B4344. Suman Rawat(Ms.) Maharashtra B4445. Sonam Gyeltshen RBCS B4546. J Nivas Andhra Pradesh B4647. Kumar Rajeev Ranjan Jammu & Kashmir B4748. Inderjeet Singh Rajasthan B4849. Tanvi Sundriyal(Ms.) Madhya Pradesh B4950. Gandam Chandrudu Andhra Pradesh B5051. Rajiv Raushan Bihar B5152. Ashwani Kumar Assam-Meghalaya B5253. Shah Faesal Jammu & Kashmir B5354. Rashmita Panda(Ms.) Orissa B5455. Anurag Chaudhary Madhya Pradesh B5556. Preeti Meena (Ms) Andhra Pradesh B5657. Animesh Kumar Parashar Bihar B5724

No. Name of Officer Trainees Cadre OT Code58. Anupama T V (Ms.) Kerala B5859. Narayana Bharath Gupta Andhra Pradesh B5960. Prasanna Ramaswamy G Jammu & Kashmir B6061. Tarun Rathi Madhya Pradesh B6162. Veena N M (Ms.) Kerala B6263. Prabhjot Singh Haryana B6364. Rachana Patil(Ms.) Bihar B6465. Cyril V Darlong Diengdoh Assam-Meghalaya B6566. Dhanaraju S. Madhya Pradesh B6667. Niraj Kumar Jammu & Kashmir B6768. Brundha D (Ms.) Orissa B6825

Annexure 2List of CounsellorsNo. Cadre Counsellor Alternate CounsellorAGMUT Dr. Gyanendra D. Badgaiyan Ranjana ChopraAndhra Pradesh A.S. Ramachandran Sanjeev ChopraAssam-Meghalaya Moana Bhagabati (Ms) Dr. Prem SinghBihar Ranjana Chopra (Ms) Nidhi Sharma (Ms)Bhutan Padamvir Singh Tejveer SinghChhattisgarh Dr. Gyanendra D. Badgaiyan Nidhi Sharma (Ms)Gujarat Jayant Singh Tejveer SinghHaryana Tejveer Singh Dushyant NarialaHimachal Pradesh Dr. Prem Singh Jaspreet TalwarJammu & Kashmir Dr. S.H. Khan Jaspreet TalwarJharkhand Nidhi Sharma (Ms) Roli Singh (Ms)Karnataka A.S. Ramachandran Abhishek SwamiKerala Ashish Vachhani Moana BhagabatiMadhya Pradesh Padamvir Singh Puneet MohanMaharashtra Tejveer Singh Jaspreet Talwar (Ms)Manipur-Tripura Dr. Prem Singh Dr. S.H. KhanNagaland Dr. Prem Singh Dr. S.H. KhanOrissa Sanjeev Chopra Ranjana Chopra (Ms)Punjab Jaspreet Talwar (Ms) Tejveer SinghRajasthan Roli Singh (Ms) Jayant SinghSikkim Dushyant Nariala Ashish VachhaniTamil Nadu Ashish Vachhani A.S. RamachandranUttar Pradesh Roli Singh Abhishek SwamiUttarakhand Jayant Singh Puneet MohanWest Bengal Dushyant Nariala Sanjeev Chopra26

Annexure 3Director's Nominees on Clubs and SocietiesClub or Society Directors' Nominee Alternate NomineeAdventure Sports Club Dr. Prem Singh Jayant SinghAlumni Association Roli Singh (Ms) Tejveer SinghComputer SocietyMantosh ChakrabortyFilm Society Dushyant Nariala A.S. RamachandraFine Arts Association Tejveer Singh Ranjana ChopraDr. Daljit KuarSaudamini Bhuiyan (Ms)Hobbies Club Jaspreet Talwar Roli Singh (Ms)House Journal Society Nidhi Sharma Roli Singh (Ms)K. B. SinghaManagement Circle Dr. S.H. Khan Puneet MohanNature Lovers Club Roli Singh (Ms) Nidhi Sharma (Ms)Dr. Alka A. KulkarniOfficers Club Dr. Prem Singh Tejveer SinghOfficers Mess Jayant Singh Ashish VachhaniRifle & Archery Club Ashish Vachhani Dr. Prem SinghSociety for ContemporaryAffairsDr. Gyanendra Badgaiyan Jayant SinghSociety for Social Service Ranjana Chopra Ashish VachhaniA. NallasamyArshad M. NandanHAM Radio Club Jayant Singh Dr. Prem SinghCommittee forOverseeing theManagement of HostelsJaspreet Talwar27

Annexure 4AwardsThe awards proposed to be distributed at the end of IAS Professional CoursePhase-II include the following:The Director's Gold Medal First in order of Merit: Best performance based onmarks obtained in the UPSC Examination, Foundation Course writtenexamination and assessment, Phase-I written examination and assessment,Phase-II assessment and district training.Ashok Bambawale Memorial Award (Outstanding IAS Officer Trainee): Bestperformance based on marks obtained in the FC written examination,Academy assessment for FC, IAS Probationers' final examination, Academyassessment for Phase-I, Academy assessment for district training, andAcademy assessment for Phase-II training. It includes a cash prize of Rs.25,000/- and a certificate.Subhash Dua Memorial Gold Medal (Best All Round Trainee in the IASProfessional Course): Best performance based on the marks obtained in thePhase-I written examination and assessment, Phase-II assessment anddistrict training.Km. Reena Sandhu Memorial Gold Medal: Best performance in extracurricularactivities during Phase-I and Phase-II.L.V. Reddy Memorial Award (Shield): Awarded to Officer Trainee of North-EastCadre, with highest marks in FC, Phase-I, District Training, and Director'sAssessment.G. Krishnaiya Memorial Award (Shield) : Best written assignment on Law andOrder.Dasrath Prasad Memorial Lecture.28

Annexure 5Guidelines for ConductThe Academy expects a high standard of self-discipline from the officer trainees .Officer trainees shall observe absolute punctuality and regularity in all activitiesOfficer trainees are expected to develop and maintain high standards ofintegrity, social behaviour, courtesy, dignity and personal hygiene.Officer trainees should not play loud music or speak loudly in their rooms,lounge or the corridors. They should maintain the decorum expected of anofficerKeeping or consuming alcoholic drinks and smoking in the Academy is strictlyprohibitedOfficer trainees are not permitted to keep private vehicles or servants in theAcademy or other academic activity.Disturbing class, rude behaviour, copying will be treated as conductunbecoming of an officer.Damage to academy property will be treated as misconduct.In case an OT is tried for an offence and formed guilty by a court, it will betreated as an instance of lacking qualities of mind & character required for theservice.29

Annexure 6Escort DutiesTo ensure that the Academy Staff Car is detailed by the Protocol Section in timeto receive the guest speaker(s) at the Dehradun Railway Station/Air Port. Incase of a VIP, arrangements regarding reception at Dehradun Airport/RailwayStation may have to be coordinatedTo inspect the room allotted to the guest prior to arrivalTo receive the guest on her/his arrival, to escort around the Academy duringher/his stay in the Academy. This, in no way implies that the Officer Trainee mayunnecessarily miss classes and other activitiesTo acquaint the guest speaker with the course design, the prescribed syllabusand other activities in the Academy, well before the scheduled sessionTo collect the bio-data of the guest speaker. (This should be handed over to theTRD Cell the same day)To ascertain any special arrangements the guest speaker would like in thelecture hallTo ensure that the guest is invited to functions, if any, of the varioussocieties/clubs. A formal concurrence/invitation should be obtained from therespective Director's Nominees for such purposesTo ensure that the nameplates are ready in time and placed on the table beforethe lectureTo introduce the guest to the audience briefly, using the bio-data alreadycollectedTo organize the following, in consultation with the internal faculty memberconcerned, in respect of guest lecturers:a) To preside over the guest session, if called upon to do so, and ensure thatthe meeting is conducted in a manner which neither embarrasses theguest speaker nor the Academy in any wayb) After the talk is over, announce that the guest speaker would welcomequestions from the audience (unless the guest speaker has any objectionto this)c) At the end of the session, thank the guest speakerTo ensure that the travel allowance and honorarium are settled on time andtransport arrangements for the return journey of the guest have been made.30

Annexure 7Faculty Profile31

Padamvir Singh, IAS (1977: Madhya Pradesh)DirectorBorn on 16th February 1954, he did his schooling from the Doon School,Dehradun. He graduated in Economics Honours from St. Stephen's College, Delhi.Thereafter, after pursuing post graduate studies in Philosophy and Politics, hejoined the Indian Administrative Service in 1977 and was allocated to the state ofMadhya Pradesh. He was a fellow at MIT, Boston in 1992. He took over as theDirector of the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration inSeptember 2009. Prior to that, he was the Special Director and the Joint Director.He was earlier Principal Secretary, Public Works Department and InformationTechnology in the Government of Madhya Pradesh. He has also worked asSecretary to the State Government, Head of Department, Managing Director ofPublic Sector Undertakings and District Magistrate. He has served as Director ofthe Madhya Pradesh Academy of Administration and as Secretary of the IndianInstitute of Advanced Study, Shimla. His academic interests are in governance,administrative reforms, Total Quality Management, institution building, training,ethics, philosophy and psychology. Personal interests and leisure pursuits extendto reading, computers, painting, photography, music, tennis, badminton and yoga.He is married and has two children.Kush Verma, IAS (1979: Uttar Pradesh)Executive DirectorJoined NIAR, LBSNAA as Director General on 2nd August, 2010. Prior to joiningNIAR, he has held various assignments in Government of Uttar Pradesh as well asGovernment of India namely Asstt. Collector & Sub-Divisional Magistrate, RaiBareily & Pratapgarh, City Magistrate, Mathura, District Magistrate, Uttarkashi,Managing Director, UP State Food & Essential Commodities Corporation,Lucknow, Secretary (Energy), Food Commissioner, Secretary, Home &Confidential Affairs, Zonal Manager (North), Food Corporation of India, ExecutiveDirector, Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of IndiaLtd.(TRIFED) and Principal Secretary, Administrative Reforms, Government of32

Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow. He has published several papers in the field of GeneralAdministration, Development, Labour Issues and Tourism etc. He has alsopresented papers in International/National Seminars & Workshops. He is currentlypursuing his Ph.D. from Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi on thechallenging topic: 'Redesigning India's Civil Services'. He has also deliveredlectures at places of repute including the National Institute of Labour, NOIDA,LBSNAA, Mussoorie, Indian Institute of Public Administration, New Delhi, BankersInstitute of Rural Development, Lucknow etc. His hobbies are writing children'spoems, playing tennis and listening to semi classical music.Sanjeev Chopra, IAS (1990: Orissa)Joint DirectorBorn on April 17, 1967, he did his schooling from Delhi Public School, MathuraRoad, New Delhi. Graduated in Commerce from Shriram College of Commerceand later completed MBA from FMS in Delhi University. Joined the investmentbanking division of the Deutsche Bank in 1989. Qualified for the IAS in 1990 andwas allotted the Orissa cadre. In the initial years, worked as SDM, Anandpur andBaripada before joining Kandhmal District as PD, DRDA and later as Collector inthe tribal District of Koraput. Upon completion of the field postings, he worked asMD Orissa Small Industries Corporation, Director Industries and TechnicalEducation, MD Orissa State Cooperative Bank and MD, Orissa MiningCorporation. The work done by him in implementing Enterprise Resource Planningin the Orissa Mining Corporation was recognized as a best practice byGovernment of India on the Civil Services Day in 2009. Joined the Academy asDeputy Director (Sr.) on April 03, 2007. His areas of interest include OrganisationalBehaviour, Urban Management, Corporate Governance in PSUs and FinancialInclusion. He has also published a book titled "Restructuring and Reengineering inCooperative banks". After availing a sabbatical in 2009-10, completed MSc inRegional and Urban Planning Studies from the London School of Economics.33

Abhishek SwamiReader in LawCompleted his schooling from Sardar Patel Vidyalaya, New Delhi. He graduatedfrom St. Stephen's College in History (hons.) in 1996. A post graduation ininternational Politics from Jawahar Lal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi wasfollowed by an M.Phil in International Law also from JNU. His dissertation was onTribal people's rights and environmental issues. He was awarded the UGC JuniorResearch Fellowship for Political Science. He is also a Bachelor in Law (LLB) fromDelhi University. After a year's stint with India Today as a Journalist, he joined theIndian Railway Accounts Services (IRAS) in 2000. On Western Railway, he was partof the team that established Ahmedabad Division. In 2006 he joined the Secretariatof the Government Accounting Standards Advisory Board (GASAB) in the office ofthe CAG as a Deputy Director. The focus therein, apart from standard setting, wason a shift from cash based accounting to accrual based accounting. The latter wasalso the focus of the Accounting Reforms Project in the Ministry of Railways. Hewas associate finance for the Rail Coach Factory Project at Rai Bareli and wascoordinating finance deputy for all workshops on Northern Railway before joiningthe Academy in May, 2012. He is keen on cycling, swimming and running in thatorder. He relaxes by reading fiction, history and contemporary issues, in particularenvironment and international politics.Ashish Vachhani, IAS (1997: Tamil Nadu)Deputy Director (Senior)He completed M.Phil (international Organizations) School of International Studies,Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, before joining the Indian AdministrativeService. He joined as Sub-Collector, Sivakasi, Virudhunagar District, in 1999 beforemoving over to the Finance Department in Government of Tamil Nadu as UnderSecretary/ Deputy Secretary (Budget)/ Joint Secretary. While in FinanceDepartment as the State Budget Officer, he was responsible for preparing theAnnual Budget of the State Government, piloting it through the Legislature for34

approval and overseeing its implementation. He was closely associated withrevenue collection, Plan formulation, scheme expenditure, preparation and posingof development projects for external funding from multilateral institutions etc. Hehas worked as District Collector of Dharmapuri District and Tiruchirappalli District.He joined the Academy in March 2008. He completed the MSc Programme inPublic Management and Governance from the London School of Economics andPolitics as 'Chevening HSBC scholar'. He has keen interest in riding and hiking.Dr. A.S. Ramachandra, PhD (Law)Professor of Political theory & Constitutional LawHe is a Doctorate in Law and possesses Master's Degrees in Law, Politics as wellas English Language and Literature. After practicing at Bar, started his career in1990 as a teacher in law for prospective legal practitioners and continued to be sotill 2002, prior to taking up service at “LBS National Academy of Administration” as'Reader in Political Theory & Constitutional Law' and later as 'Reader in Law' in thisAcademy till October 2004. Subsequently, worked at “National Judicial Academy”Bhopal as 'Research Fellow'; as 'Senior Legal Consultant' at “Rural Litigation &Entitlement Kendra”, Dehradun and as Assistant Director (Law)' at “SVP NationalPolice Academy”, Hyderabad before joining LBSNAA as Professor in the faculty ofPolitical Concepts & Constitutional Law in April 2007.Dushyant Nariala, IAS (1993: West Bengal)Deputy Director (Sr)Basic Qualification: L.L.B. from Delhi University. Worked as MetropolitanMagistrate in Govt. of NCT Delhi before joining the Indian Administrative Service.Experience in Government of West Bengal: Worked as Sub-Divisional Magistrate,Durgapur; held post of ADM and AEO, Zilla Parishad, Cooch-Behar; worked asDistrict Land and Land Reforms Officer, ADM (Land Acquisition) and ADM(General) in North 24 Paraganas. Held posts of District Magistrate and Collector inEast Medinipur and then West Medinipur districts. Also worked as State Project35

Director, Sarva Siksha Abhiyan in the School Education Department immediatelybefore joining the LBSNAA.Dr. Gyanendra Badgaiyan: IAS (1991, AGMUT)Professor of EconomicsJoined as Professor of Economics on 18th May 2011. Prior to joining the IAS, DrBadgaiyan had completed an M.A (Economics) and M.Phil in Economics fromDelhi School of Economics and Cambridge University, UK respectively.Subsequently after serving for about a decade in the IAS he went on study leaveand earned PhD from Princeton University, USA. During his tenure in the IAS, hehas served as District Collector in Dadar Nagar Haveli and Delhi; Finance Secretaryof Daman and Diu, Dadar Nagar Haveli & Andaman Nicobar Administration andSecretary to a Chief Minister. He has worked as the Executive Head of a NationalLevel Non Governmental Organization and as Director, South Asia of a ResearchGroup.Jaspreet Talwar, IAS (1995: Punjab)Deputy Director (Sr)Graduated in Science from MCM DAV College, Chandigarh. Completed LLB andLLM from Punjab University. Awarded UGC Junior Reserarch Fellowship forpursuing Doctorate in Laws before joining the IAS. District training in Ropar beforebeing posted as SDM in Tarn Taran (then Amritsar district). Later served asAdditional Chief Administrator for both Anandpur Sahib urban DevelopmentAuthority (ASUDA) and Punjab Urban Development and Planning Authority(PUDA); Additional Registrar, Cooperative Societies and Secretary, Punjab StateElectricity Board. Deputy Commissioner of Fatehgarh Sahib District from 2005 to2007. Served as Special Secretary, Finance & Tourism along with charge ofDirector, Institutional Finance & Banking and Disinvestment. Areas of interest :Infrastructure and Public Private partnerships, Health, Tourism, and Finance.Joined LBSNAA in April, 2009.36

Jayant Singh, IRTS (1994 batch)Deputy Director (Senior)Is a postgraduate in History from St. Stephens College, University of Delhi.Thereafter, he was allotted the Indian Railway Traffic Service in 1994. He worked inWestern Railways in Gujarat and Rajasthan, where he handled bulk goodsoperations, passenger and freight marketing and was associated with the handlingand transportation of port traffic of Kandla and the rail linking of Adani Port atMundra. He was extensively involved with the relief and rehabilitation work atKandla & Bhuj following the 1999 cyclone & 2001 earthquake respectively. Heworked on deputation with Container Corporation of Indian between 2002 and2007 and launched the first double-decker container train in Asia in 2006. His lastposting was as Director Tourism & Catering in the Ministry of Railways from 2008-2011 where handled the management & operations of Luxury tourist trains likePalace on Wheels and played a key role in the introduction of three new trains ineight different circuits during this period. Joined LBSNAA as Deputy Director (Sr.)on 23.3.2011. His hobbies include reading History, current affairs, particularlymilitary history and Central Asian Affairs, watching films and quizzing and enjoysplaying cricket and Squash and would like to learn horse riding.Nidhi Sharma, IRS (2000)Deputy DirectorPGDBM from GHSIMR Kanpur, and PGP-PMP from I IM Ahmedabad. Worked asAssistant Commissioner of Income Tax Imphal for 3 years, Deputy Commissionerof Income Tax Imphal for 2 years, Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax (CentralCircle) Delhi and Deputy Director of Income Tax (Infrastructure), Delhi. Joined asDeputy Director, LBSNAA on 2nd August, 2010. Areas of interest include PublicFinance, Economics of the Public Sector, WTO and Climate change.37

Dr. Prem Singh IAS (2000: MT)Deputy DirectorMBBS from JIPMER, Puducherry. Worked as SDO Chandel; Director, Youth Affairsand Sports, Manipur; Deputy Commissioner, Senapati District; Secretary to CMand Director, Municipal Administration Housing and Urban Development. He hasdone Post Graduate Program in Public Management and Policy (PGP-PMP) fromIIM, Ahemadabad. Was posted as Director, Municipal Administration Housing andUrban Development, State Mission Director (NRHM). State Project Director (SSA)before joining the Academy in February 2010. Areas of interest include appliedeconomics of welfare state, service delivery in social sector (health, education).Dr. Puneet MohanProfessor of Social ManagementJoined as Professor of Social Management on 8th August, 2011. He is PostGraduate in Human Resource Management & Industrial Relations from LucknowUniversity in 1997. He has qualified UGC-NET examination with Human ResourceManagement as a subject. He has coauthored nine books and more than tenresearch papers. He has conducted several in house training programmes &Management Development Programme for ONGC, Bharat Electronics Ltd., ESIdoctors, Ghaziabad District officers, UP State officers, Forest Training Institute etc.His area of interest includes - Competency Mapping, Performance Appraisal 360degree, Psychometric Testing, Past Life Regression Therapy, Team Building &Group Dynamics. He has more than twelve years teaching & training experiencewith private B schools.Ranjana Chopra, IAS (1994: Orissa)Deputy Director (Senior)BA Punjabi University, LLB Utkal University, Orissa, MSc. Health, Community andDevelopment, London School of Economics and Political Science, Worked ascharge officer Ganjam Settlement, ADM in Cuttak and Collector in Dhenkanal,38

District. After the field assignments worked as the Project Director of two WorldBank funded projects in Health, Orissa Health Systems Development and Aidscontrol project. Thereafter, worked as Director ST & SC Development Departmentand Director, Agriculture before joining LBSNAA as Deputy Director on 3.4.07. Herareas of interest include health, community participation in development, socialwelfare and agriculture.Rajesh Arya, IPS (1994: Rajasthan)Deputy Director (Senior)B. Tech. in Electronics & Communication Engineering from REC (Now NIT)Kurukshetra. M. Tech in Computer Technology from IIT Delhi. Prior to joining IPS in1994, taught Computer Science at REC Kurukshetra and worked as ITS Officer in DoT,Gol. As IPS officer served as ASP in Alwar and Jodhpur, as SP in Karauli, Sikar, Alwarand Kota City in Rajasthan. Served on UN Peacekeeping Operations in UnitedMission in Kosovo (UNMIK) for one year for which he was decorated with UN Medalfor Peacekeeping Operations. Served on behalf of UNMIK Police to OSCE(Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe) Department of ElectionOperations Kosovowide elections. After coming back from UN Deputation served asstaff officer to DGP Rajasthan. Joined LBSNAA, Mussoorie as Deputy Director inNovember, 2007. He has undergone Anti Terrorists Assistance Programme in VIPSecurity from Department of Diplomatic Security, USA, Faculty visit of DisasterManagement Support Programme to USA, done Basic Mountaineering Course from,NIM, Uttarkashi. Areas of interest: E-governance, Law and Order, National Security,Disaster Management. Is currently on a sabbatical to the National University ofSingaopre for a one-year Masters Programme.Roli Singh, IAS (1994: Rajasthan)Deputy Director (Senior)Graduation in History (Hons.) from Lady Shri Ram College in 1989 & PG in Historyfrom Delhi University in 1991. She belongs to the 1994 Batch of the IAS of39

Rajasthan cadre. She has held various administrative posts in Govt. of Rajasthanas Sub Divisional Magistrate Ajmer from 1994-98, Deputy Secy Finance from 1998-1999 and Secretary Rajasthan Public Service Commission from 1999-2002. Shewas Project Director of two World Bank Projects on poverty Alleviation and HealthSystems Development respectively. She also held the post of District MagistrateKarauli, Dausa and Ajmer between 2004-2007. Before joining the Academy on21/03/2011, Smt. Singh was Director (Services)-I Dept. of Personnel and TrainingGovt of India since 2008. Her interest lies in Environmental issues, Gardening,reading & listening to music (especially old Hindi songs & Ghazals) are herhobbies.Dr. S.H. Khan, IDES (1991)Deputy Director (Senior)BSc with Biology with top rank in Ruhilkhand University, MBBS with SSK Medal forout standing performance in MBBS from K.G. Medical College, Lucknow, did M.D.first year from K.G. Medical College, Lucknow. Joined Indian Defence EstatesService in 1991 and served various field posting as Defence land manager andMunicipal Administrator of various cantonments in different states like DefenceEstates officers, Kashmir circle, Defence Estates officers for Madhya Pradeshcircle, Additional Defence Estates officer in Baramula (J&K). Served as ChiefExecutive Officer for Srinagar Cantonment (J&K), Shahjahanpur (U.P.), Bareilly(U.P.), Dehradun Cantonment and Dehu Road (Pune), Cantonment (Maharashtra).Undergone training on Rainwater Harvesting & Non-Conventional EnergyResources and financial management for cantonment boards at NIDEM, Delhi. Lifemember of National Academy of Hospital Administration, New Delhi, JoinedLBSNAA, Mussoorie as Deputy Director in March, 2006. Areas of interest are healthissues and public health management, dealing with the encroachments on govt.land, Defence land management in India, civil-military relations in context ofnational security, urban management and municipal administration in India,administrative accountability and implications of Right to Information Act.40

Tejveer Singh, IAS (1994: Punjab)Deputy Director (Sr)Born on 27th November 1970 was educated at Yadavindra Public School,Chandigarh and later at St. Stephen's College, Delhi where he completed hisBachelors and Masters in History. Was originally allocated Maharashtra Cadrewhere he served as Sub Divisional Magistrate in Malegaon (Nasik) from 1996 to1998 before being transferred to Punjab Cadre. Among the significant chargesheld in Punjab are Joint Secretary (Finance), Additional Principal Secretary to ChiefMinister and Deputy Commissioner of Patiala, Amritsar and SAS Nagar (Mohali)districts. He also served as Chief Administrator, Greater Mohali Area DevelopmentAuthority (GMADA); Director, Information and Public Relations; Special Secretary,Planning and Commissioner, NRI Affairs. Enjoys reading on military matters,landscaping, playing squash, music and the arts. Areas of interest in Governmentare public finance and planning, health, agriculture, tourism and heritageconservation. Has occasionally contributed some humorous middles to localpapers in Chandigarh and to the Academy Newsletter. Joined the Academy inMarch 2009.Dr. Moana Bhagabati, Ph DFellow, LBSNAAMA/M Phil/PhD, from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Areas ofprofessional interest; linkages between globalization trade-development;developing-world perspectives in international relations; framework ofmultilateralism and regionalism, global/regional trade negotiations under theWorld Trade Organisation (WTO) and Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs); crossbordereconomic linkages along India's North-East. Published widely on issuesmentioned. Previous assignments: Faculty, Madras Institute of DevelopmentStudies, Chennai; Researcher, Centre for Science & Environment; and The EnergyResources Institute, New Delhi, worked in Economic Research and AnalysisDivision, WTO Secretariat, Geneva on Economic Integration. Initiatives inCentral/Eastern Europe. joined LBSNAA in January 2009.41

Faculty of LanguagesDr. Alka A. KulkarniJoined the Academy in 1986 as a Language Instructor. M.A., M.Com. and doingResearch, has written three books.Arshad M. NandanM.A. (Urdu), M.Phil (Anthrological Linguistics). Working as a Language Instructor(Urdu and Punjabi) in the Academy since 9-8-1990.A. NallasamyM.A. in Linguistics from Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai. He did one yearAdvanced Telugu Language Course during his Post Graduate Studies. He wasawarded the U.G.C Fellowship for the Research on “Descriptive Grammar ofSavara (unwritten) language. Savara, a Tribal Munda Family of Language spoken inOrissa at Madurai Kamaraj University from 1984 to 1986. He had been working as aResearch Assistant from 1986 - 89 in the Central Institute of Indian Languages,Mysore. He wrote “Descriptive Grammar of Savara Language and did Field workon Juang language, a tribal language spoken in Orissa in the year 1989. He workedon Acoustics and Articulatory phonetics on Dravidian Languages and publishedArticles on the same in the Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysore. Heprepared Primers for the Savara tribal children of Orissa as a Bridge Course duringthe year 1986-89. He was selected as Member of a Text Book Committee ofKarnataka Government and had been working as a Member from 1987-89. HisBooks titled “Tamil Bharathi” were published as Tamil Text Books for 6th and 9thclasses, by the Karnataka Government in the year 1993. He works on the SecondLanguage Teaching/Learning mainly on its Methodology and material productionon Indian Languages. He joined the Academy in Dec.1989 as a LanguageInstructor. He teaches Tamil and Telugu.42

Dr. Bhawana PorwalGraduated with Science, P.G. Diploma in Pathology & Boichemistry(G.M.C.Nagpur), Add. B.A., M.A.( Hindi), Dissertation in Hindi stories of VishnuPrabhakar, B.ED., Ph.D (Hindi) on topic “Nai Jeevan mulyon ko talashati NaiKahani” from Nagpur University, P.G. Diploma in Hindi Translation from BangaloreUniversity. Joined the Academy in September 2001. She teaches Hindi to non Hindispeakers as well as Hindi speaking Probationers.Work Experience- Worked as a Biochemist & Pathologist for one year in Govt.Medical College, Nagpur & in Central school for Tibetans, Karnataka from 1997 toAugust 2001. She was on deputation from June2007-June2010 at National PoliceAcademy, Hyderabad & there worked as a Hindi Instructor cum Hindi Officer withAdditional charge of Administrative Officer (Training) for Basic & Senior courses.Conducted workshops on Hindi as a second language; Editor of Smarika, Hindiyearly magazine (June2007- June2010), was Hindi commentator in majorfunctions of NPA, Hyderabad.Dr. Daljit KaurM.A. (Hindi), M.Phil, Ph.D from Kurukshetra University. She did Diploma in OfficeManagement & Secretariat Training and Certificate Course in Urdu fromKurukshetra University. She did PG Diploma in Hindi Translation from DakshinBharat Hindi Prachar Sabha, Chennai. Joined Hindi Teaching Scheme, Deptt. ofOfficial Language, Ministry of Home Affairs as Hindi Pradhypika in Nov. 1989worked at Chennai & Jammu. As a Hindi Pradhypika she was teaching Hindi toCentral Govt./Undertaking/Bank's employees. Before joining Academy on 6thFebruary, 2006 as an Asstt. Professor of Hindi, She was Asstt. Director in Deptt. ofOfficial Language. At Present she is doing Diploma in Urdu Language fromNational Council for promotion of Urdu Languages, New Delhi.K. Braja Bashi SinghaM.A. (English) , M.A. (Linguistics) joined the Academy in August 1994. He didRefresher Course in Assamese and wrote " The Basic Structure of Assamese43

Grammar", "Spoken Assamese", "Let's Learn Manipuri" and " The Cultural Aspectsof Assamese and Manipuri" for the second language learners. He teachesAssamese, Manipuri and Nagamese.Saudamini BhuyanTeaches Oriya and Bengali. Joined the Academy in September 2004. M.A. In OriyaLiterature and B.Ed from Utkal University and M.Phil in Comparative Literature fromDelhi University. Passed certificate course in Bengali. Published several books andarticles.Dr. V. B. Muttinamath (Malayalam & Kannada)M.A., M.PHIL. in Kannada and M.A., (PH.D.) in Linguistics from KarnatakUniversity, Dharwad. He was awarded the U.R.S(University Research Scholarship)Fellowship for the Research on "Cognates among Tamil and Kannada ; A CriticalAnalysis". These are family of South Dravidian Languages. Spoken in southernpart of India. He had been working as a Guest Lecturer from 2001-06 U.G.Collegesunder Karnatak University. He worked on "Monesties of Veerashaiva of BadamiTaluq". It is M.PHIL. Thesis and prepared one dictionery on "A Linguistic Analysis ofVeerashaiva Technical Terms". Also written several articles on Language andLinguistics, He recently Published one book "Samaaj Bhashe Samskriti andJaagatikarna-2007" in Kannada Language and Linguistics. As a Life Member ofas followes:1. Kannada Saahitya Parishad at Bangalore2. Karnataka History Academy at Bangalore3. National Book Trust at NewDehliNow as Language Faculty in Kannada and Malayalam at LBSNAA., Mussoorieform July-2007.44

NICTU FacultyM. ChakrabortyM.Sc., M.Phil. from Delhi University, and M. Tech. from I.I.T. Delhi. Worked as SeniorScientific Officer at IIT Delhi under DST Project. Worked as Deputy Manager withElectronic Systems Punjab Ltd., Punjab Government. Visited UK and USA underUNDP Fellowship for six month. Joined the National Informatics Centre in the year1990 and posted at NIC Training Unit, Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy ofAdministration, Mussoorie. Visited France at Ecole nationale d'administration(ENA) Paris under the Faculty exchange Program. At present working as SeniorTechnical Director and Head NIC Training Unit at Lal Bahadur Shastri NationalAcademy of Administration, Mussoorie. Published a number of Papers/Articles inNational and International Journals.Azad SinghM.Sc. (Nuclear Physics) from Meerut University in 1988. Post Graduate Diploma inComputer Applications (PGDCA). Worked as Research Fellow in HRD Division,CSIR, New Delhi from March 1991 to December 1991. Joined National InformaticsCentre (NIC), Ministry of Information and Communication Technology in 1991 andposted at Shivpuri (MP). transferred to NIC Training Unit (NICTU) in July 2004 andworking as Scientist "C"/Senior System Analyst. Areas of interest are writing, yogaand badminton.Amarjeet Singh DuttB.Sc. from H.N.B. Garhwal University, PGDCA from MCRP University Bhopal.Joined NIC at Auraiya District (U.P.) in 2001. Joined at NICTU in Nov. 2003 andworking as Scientific Officer /Engineer 'SB'.45

Medical OfficersDr. B.S. KalaDr. B.S. Kala, CMO (NFSG), M.B.B.S. and Diploma in anesthesia from KGMCLucknow in 1978 and 1982 respectively. Joined Central health service in 1981 asmedical officer. Did posting in Arunachal Pradesh, Merrut and Dehradun. Lastposted at RHTC Nazafgarh New Delhi and IGI airport, New Delhi as CMO (NFSG).Joined LBSNAA, Mussoorie in May, 2010 in the same capacity.Dr. Bahadur SinghBorn in district Mathura in the year 1953 in a famer family. He did High School in theYear 1969 from Kisan Inter College Mathura in 1st division with distinction in Mathand English. He passed intermediate in 1971 from D B Inter College Gorakhpur andBSc. Bio from REI Degree College Dahal Bagh Agra. He did MBBS from SNMedical College Agra. He joined Central Health Service in year 1980 as MedicalOfficer at CGHS Allahabad. He worked there in various capacities. He hascontribution towards computerization of CGHS Allahabad. He did Post GraduateCertificate Course in Health Management in year 1993 from NIHFW Monerika NewDelhi. He has been [promoted to Super time administrative grade in the year 2008.He has joined Academy on 15th February, 2012 on being transferred to LBSNAAMussoorie.LibraryR.K. AroraLibrary & Information Officer M.A. (Pol. Science), M. Lib. Sc. LLB. JoinedAcademy in May 1984.46

Physical Training InstructorsHari Singh RawatPhysical Training Instructor, Diploma in Martial art. He is All India Police Un-ArmedCombat Instructor, Feb, 1988 to April, 1993, Neemuch (M.P.) Commando TrainerApril 1993 to March 1997, AVADI (Chennai) outdoor, Trainer for IPS OT March 1997to December 2010. He joined the LBS NAA 20th December, 2010 on Deputationfrom SVP National Police Academy, Hyderabad.S. Anna DuraiJoined the Academy as Assistant Physical Instructor in 12.7.2011 on deputationfrom 6th Lancers (Armoured Corps).Satish BrohiThree times University Gold Medalist. Played for Railway and FCI. Topper and GoldMedalist from National Institute of Sports Patiala. Coach and Player of NationalLevel. Member of Indian Combined University team.Risaldar Major Sukhbir SinghJoined Academy as Riding Instructor on September, 2011 on deputation from thePresidents' Body Guard.Baljit SinghJoined Academy as Assistant Riding Instructor on February 1, 2012 on deputationfrom the Presidents' Body Guard.47

Course Participants

Abhijeet AgrawalAbu ImranAhmed IqbalAjay YadavAkhand Pratap SinghAmeet Kumar50

Amit KumarAmrapali KataAnay DwivediAnil BhandariAnimesh Kumar ParasharAnupama T V51

Anurag ChaudharyArti LalArvind Kumar MinaAsheesh SinghAshutosh NiranjanAshutosh Salil52

Ashwani KumarAvaneesh Kumar SinghBhandari Swagat RanveerchandBharati HollikeriBhaskar LakshakarBhawani Singh Khangarot53

Brundha DChandra Shekhar SinghChaudhari Uday GaurishankarCyril V. Darlong DiengdohD. ManikandanDeshbhratar Prerna Himmatrao54

Dhana RajuDivya DDurga Sakthi NagpalGandam ChandruduGanesh Shankar MishraGarima Mittal55

Gaurav DahiyaGhanshyam ThoriGhodke Rashmi JayendraHari Chandana DasariInderjeet SinghIva Sahay56

J NivasJai Prakash MauryaJitender YadavJitendr Kumar SoniJoyoshi Das GuptaK Balaji57

Kadambari BhagatKamlesh Kumar JoshiKanwal TanujKapil MeenaKarma R BonpoKarmveer Sharma58

Kartikeya GoelKaruna KumariKaushal KishoreKaushlendra Vikram SinghKrishna BajpaiKumar Amit59

Kumar PrashantKumar Rajeev RanjanLalitha R.Laya MadduriMahatme Sandeep NamdeoManjushree N60

Mansi NimbalMd Sadique AlamMohammed Y Safirulla KMonika RaniNarayan KonwarNarayana Bharath Gupta61

Narender Kumar MeenaNeha BansalNeha GiriNeha SharmaNidhi SrivastavasNiraj Kumar62

Nitin KumarNitish KumarPatel Anand BabulalPrabjot SinghPrakash RajpurohitPrasanna Ramaswamy G63

Praveen P NairPreeti MeenaPrem Chandra ChaudharyR. ArjunR. Vimla R. Venkatesh Kumar64

Rachana PatilRahul DwivediRaj KumarRajeev RanjanRajiv RaushanRajnarayan Kaushik65

RanjanaRanu SahuRashmita PandaRavi Prakash GuptaRobert Singh KshetrimayumS.S. Nakul66

Sakshi MittalSandeep KaurSanjay Kumar KhatriSaransh MittarShah FaesalShambhu Kumar67

Shankar Lal KumawatShanmuga Priya RShashank SethiShelesh NawalShyam Lal PooniaSivakumar K B68

Sonam GyeltshenSonikaSqn Ldr Prabir PandaSreevidya P ISubhod KumarSudesh Kumar Mokhta69

Sudhansu Mohan SamalSujeet KumarSuman RawatTanvi SudriyalTarun RathiThinley Chodhen70

V Ram PrasathVeena N. M.Vikas SinghVinothpriya RVishwa Mohan SharmaVishwanath71

Yogesh KumarYunus72

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Hkk-iz-lsok izf'k{k.k dh :ijs[kkHkk-iz-lsok ds vf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkFkhZ ds izf'k{k.k dh vof/k yxHkx nks o"kZ dh gksrh gS] ftlesafuEufyf[kr ikB~;Øe 'kkfey gSa&vk/kkfjd ikB~;Øe& u, HkrhZ izf'k{kqvksa dks vko';d dkS'ky] Kku vkSj mfpr crkZofl[kk;k tkrk gS ftlls fd os yksd iz'kkld ds :i esa vius nkf;Roksa dk fuoZgu dj ldsarFkk la?k Hkkouk dk fodkl djrs gq, fofHkUu flfoy lsokvksa ds chp csgrj leUo; LFkkfirdj ldsa( lkFk gh lg;ksx ,oa ijLij fuHkZjrk dh Hkkouk dk fodkl dj ldsaaA¼15 lIrkg½Hkk-iz-lsok O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe& pj.k&A& O;kid fo"k;ksa esa Hkk-iz-lsok izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksadks xgu izf'k{k.k iznku fd;k tkrk gS ftlls fd os lsok ds igys n'kd esa vf/kdkjh }kjkfd, tkus okys fofHkUu dk;ksZa dks djus esa l{ke cu ldsaA¼26 lIrkg½jkT; ,oa ftyk izf'k{k.k& vf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks tehuh okLrfodrkvksa ls ifjfprdjkrk gS vkSj O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe esa lh[ks x, Kku ,oa dkS'ky dk QhYM ifjfLFkfr;ksa esami;ksx djus dk volj iznku djrk gSA¼52 lIrkg½Hkk-iz-lsok O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe pj.k&II & vf/kdkjh ifz 'k{k.kkfFk;Z k as dk s pj.k&A d s Kku ,o adk'S ky vkjS ftyk ifz 'k{k.k d s vuHq ko dk s inz f'krZ dju s ,o a mud s l'a y"s k.k dk volj inz kudjrk gAS 'k"s k vof/k d s fy, fon'k Hkez .k lca /a kh iLz rko Hkkjr ljdkj d s fopkjk/khu gAS¼10 lIrkg½bl lsok ds vuwBsiu rFkk flfoy lsod }kjk vius lsokdky esa lkeus vkus okyh fofHkUuifjfLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.k] O;kolkf;d izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dh :ijs[kk rS;kj djuk ,d dfBu pqukSrhgSA vdkneh esa izos'kdkyhu izf'k{k.k dk mn~ns';] vkidks vius lsokdky ds izFke n'kd esa] tcvki] miizHkkxh; vf/kdkjh] ftyk xzkeh.k fodkl ,tsalh ds ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh] ftyk ifj"knksads dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh] uxj fuxe vk;qDr] ftyk eftLVªsV rFkk funs'kky;ksa] lkoZtfud {ks=ds miØeksa ,oa lfpoky; ds dk;Z djsaxs] ds fy, rS;kj djuk gSA vf/kd ewyHkwr Lrj ij] blizf'k{k.k dk mn~ns';] ,d vk/kkj rS;kj djuk gS vkSj flfoy lsok esa vkids 'ks"k lsok dky dkifjn`'; miyC/k djkuk gSA /;ku jgs fd Hkk-iz-lsok dk izf'k{k.k Hkk-iz-lsok O;kolkf;d izf'k{k.kpj.k&II ds vkxs Hkh tkjh jgrk gS vkSj vc blesa ofj"BRkk ds vuqlkj e/;kof/k izf'k{k.k dk;ZØepj.k&III, IV vkSj V Hkh 'kkfey fd, x, gSaA79

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laoxZ dh {ks=h; Hkk"kk esa n{krk fun'kZu]usr`Rodkjh Hkwfedk ds fy, mUuk;d thou^&ewY;ksa rFkk vfHko`fRr;ksa dh izkfIr rFkk fun'kZu]loksZRre varjjk"Vªh; dk;Z laLd`fr;ksa ls voxr djkuk]vPNk LokLF; rFkk 'kkjhfjd LoLFkrk cuk, j[kuk] rFkklfØ; ifjlj thou ds ek/;e ls cSp esa Hkzkr`&Hkko rFkk ,drk dh Hkkouk fodflr djukAizR;sd dk;Z fnol esa Ikakp l= gksaxsA rFkkfi] dqN fnu vijkg~u esa vfrjfDr l= Hkh gks ldrs gSaAl=ksa dk le; bl izdkj jgsxkALk= Lke;Lk=&I 0930 & 1045Lk=& II 1055 & 1210Pkk;@dkWQh dk le; 1210 & 1230Lk=& III 1230 & 1345nksigj Hkkstu 1345 & 1445Lk=& IV 1445 & 1600Lk= i.w k@Z v/k@Z pkFS kkb Z legw k as e as lpa kfyr gkxas As legw dk fooj.k vuyq Xud &1 e as fn;k x;k gASIkzf'k{k.k l=ksa ds fy, fuEufyf[kr fof/k;ka viukbZ tk,axh& O;k[;ku izdj.k v/;;u81

laxksf"B;ka@iSuy ifjppkZ@lewg ifjppkZvkns'k ys[ku vH;kl rFkk ewV dksVZ@ekWd Vªk;yizca/k xsElizLrqfr;kavuqHko vknku&iznkuvH;kl¼½dk;Z leuqns'ku izLrqfr ,oa vdknfed fo"k;tSlk fd mYys[k fd;k tk pqdk gS fd bl ikB~;Øe esa vuqHko vknku&iznku rFkk fo'ys"k.k dstfj, ikjLifjd tkudkjh izkIr djus ij tksj fn;k tkrk gSA vr% vkids }kjk dk;Z leuqns'kudh izLrqfr;ksa ds tfj, cgqr ls l=ksa dk vk;kstu fd;k tk,xkAftyk dk;Z leuqns'ku rFkk vuqHko vknku&iznku dh izLrqfr% vki ls ;g vis{kk dhtk,xh fd vki v)Z lewgksa esa ;k rks ftyk leuqns'ku vFkok vuqHko fo'ys"k.kkRed fVIi.kh ij,d izLrqfr rS;kj djsaA l=ksa dk lapkyu rFkk ewY;kadu] ladk; lnL;ksa@;k ckg~; ekxZn'kZdO;fDr;ksa ¼fjlkslZ ilZUl½ ds }kjk fd;k tk,xkA izR;sd lewg ls ,d ftyk leuqns'ku dk p;ufd;k tk,xk rkfd mls cSp ds iw.kZ lewg esa izLrqr fd;k tk ldsA ;g mYys[k djuk t:jh ughagS fd iw.kZ lewg esa izLrqr fd, x, leuqns'kuksa ds vf/kd egRo fn;k tk,xkAfof/k leuqns'ku% vf/kdka'k l=ksa esa] ftyk izf'k{k.k ds nkSjku vkids }kjk fopkfjr ekeyksa dsizLrqfrdj.k] vkns'k ys[ku rFkk leL;k lek/kku vH;kl vkSj izf'k{k.k ds igys pj.k esa fn, x,dfri; egRoiw.kZ fo"k;ksa ds iqu%fujh{k.k ds ekeys 'kkfey gksaxsA fof/k leuqns'ku dh izLrqfr;k¡]{ks=ksa ij vk/kkfjr pkSFkkbZ lewgksa esa vk;ksftr dh tk,axhAxzkeh.k leuqns'ku@'kgjh leuqns'ku izLrqfr% xzkeh.k v/;;u@'kgjh leuqns'ku dkewY;kadu fd;k tk,xk rFkk iw.kZ lewg ds le{k izLrqfr ds fy, loksZÙke leuqns'kuksa dk p;ufd;k tk,xkAgeus bl ikB~;Øe dh :ijs[kk bl rjg ls rS;kj dh gS ftlesa lkFkZd ,oa izklafxd fo"k; gksarFkk tks izf'k{k.k iwjk gksus ds ckn rRdky vkids dk;Z ifjfLFkr;ksa esa ykxw gksA blesa yksdiz'kklu] vFkZ'kkL=] izca/k] fof/k] lapkj rFkk lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh vkSj Hkk"kk bR;kfn ds l= gksaxsAbuesa] vkids }kjk izf'k{k.k ds iwoZ pj.kksa eas lh[kh xbZ fo"k;&oLrq dss vkxs dh fo"k;&oLrq gksrh82

gSA bl pj.k esa] ge vkids }kjk izkIr izf'k{k.k dks etcwrh iznku djsaxs rFkk vkxs lh[kus esa enndjsaxsAHkk"kk% vkids izf'k{k.k ds ikB~;Øe ds vkjaHk esa dh tkus okyh izoh.krk ijh{kk ds vk/kkj ijvkidks nks lewgksa esa ck¡Vk tk,xkA vki esa ls tks vf/kdkjh bl ijh{kk esa 75 izfr'kr ls vf/kdvad izkIr djsaxs mUgsa Hkk"kk l=ksa esa v/;;u ls NwV iznku dh tk,xhA blds cnys] vkidks] Hkk"kkladk; }kjk lkSais x, leuqns'ku izLrqr djus gksaxsA 'ks"k lHkh vf/kdkjh izf'k{kkFkhZ le;&lkfj.khds vuqlkj Hkk"kk d{kkvksa esa mifLFkr jgsaxsA ekax fd, tkus ij dk;kZy; le; ds ckn fo'ks"kmipkjkRed d{kkvksa dh O;oLFkk Hkh dh tk ldrh gSA ge vk'kk djrs gSa fd vki vdkneh esamiyC/k Hkk"kk f'k{k.k lqfo/kkvksa dk csgrj mi;ksx djsaxsA,l-Mh-vks-] Mh,e] lhbZvks] uxj vk;qDr laxksf"B;ksa ds vykok bl ikB~;Øe esa ikjLifjdlaxksf"B;ksa dks vkjaHk fd;k tk jgk gSAbl ikB~;Øe esa vkarfjd ,oa ckg~; ekxZn'kZd O;fDr;ksa }kjk buiqV miyC/k djk, tk,axsAladk; lnL; vkids lkFk uksV~l] leuqns'ku] iBu lkefxz;ka] izdj.k v/;;u vkfn vkil esalk>k djsaxs] vf/kd lgk;rk ds fy, muls fu%ladksp laidZ djsaAijke'kZnkrk lewg dh cSBdsaijke'kZ }kjk vkidk lgh iFk&izn'kZu djuk bl ikB~;Øe dk ,d egRoiw.kZ ?kVd gSA izR;sdjkT; laoxZ ds fy, ,d ijke'kZnkrk gS] tks ofj"B lnL; gksrk gS ¼lwph vuqyXud 2 esa nh xbZgS½A ;|fi lajfpr ijke'kZnkrk lewg dh cSBdsa ¼lh-th-,e-½ vk;ksftr dh tkrh gSa] rFkkfi vkils;g vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd vki vius laoxZ ijke'kZnkrk ds lkFk vkil esa lqfo/kkuqlkj ijLijfopkj&foe'kZ djsaA blls vki vius O;fDrxr lEcU/k etcwr djsaxs rFkk vdknfed fo"k;ksa dslanHkZ esa O;kogkfjd Kku Hkh izkIr djsaxsA ;g vkids ijke'kZnkrk dh ftEesnkjh gS fd os vkidslHkh dk;kZsa dh leh{kk djsa] funs'kd ds ewY;kadu gsrq fo"k;&oLrq ¼buiqV½ miyC/k djk,a rFkkvkids fu"iknu ewY;kadu fjiksVZ ¼ih-,-vkj-½ esa izfof"V;ka Hkh djsaAQhMcSd rFkk ewY;kaduvdknfed rFkk vU; fo"k;ksa dh xq.koÙkk esa lq/kkj ykus ds fy, vdkneh lrr~ iz;kljr gSAvkidks izR;sd fnu vdknfed l=ksa ij vkWuykbu QhMcSd izLrqr djuk gksxkA ;g vfuok;Z gSAblds vykok] ikB~;Øe fo"k;&oLrq rFkk vU; lqfo/kkvksa esa vkSj lq/kkj dSls yk, tk,] bl laca/kesa vkids fopkjksa dks vkeaf=r djus ds fy, fu;fer vUrjky ij ikB~;Øe leh{kk cSBdsa Hkhvk;ksftr dh tk,axhA83

'kkjhfjd O;k;ke rFkk ?kqM+lokjhTkhou esa LokLF;] lacy ,oa 'kkafr ds fy, 'kkjhfjd mi;qDrrk ds egRo dks nksgjk, tkus dhvko';drk ugha gS] ;g mu yksxksa ds fy, cgqr vf/kd egRoiw.kZ gksrk gS] tks izk;% rukoiw.kZfnup;kZ okys gSA izkr%dkyhu O;k;ke izf'k{k.k] tks ikB~;Øe dk ,d vfHkUu vax gS] vius thouesa ,d fu;e ds :i esa viukus ds fy, vkidks rS;kj djsxkA izkr%dkyhu O;k;ke izf'k{k.kvfuok;Z gSAvf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kdfeZ;ksa ls lHkh dk;Z fnolksa ij izkr% 6-00 cts 'kkjhfjd izf'k{k.k ds fy, iksyksxzkmUM esa mifLFkr gksuk iM+sxkA o"kkZ gksus ij] O;k;ke dk vk;kstu bUMksj ifjlj esa fd;ktk,xkA vkids fy, ?kqM+lokjh dk Hkh fodYi miyC/k gS& bl laca/k esa foLr`r tkudkjh vyxls nh tk,xhA'kkjhfjd izf'k{k.k ls vuqifLFkfr dks vdknfed l=ksa esa vuqifLFkfr ekuk tk,xk vkSj blds fy,mi;qDr dkjZokbZ dh tk,xh rFkk NqV~Vh dh dkV nh tk,xhA chekjh@vLoLFkrk ds ekeys esa]vkidks ØhM+k ijhlj esa mifLFkr gksuk gksxk] vLoLFkrk laca/kh jftLVj ij gLrk{kj djus gksaxs]ogk¡ ekStwn ikB~;Øe Vhe ds lnL; ls funsZ'k ysdj vkxs dh fpfdRlk tkap gsrq vkS"k/kky; esatkuk gksxkA fpfdRlh; rFkk vU; dkj.kksa ¼,LdkVZ@,e-Mh-vks- M~;wVh dks NksM+dj½ ls 'kkjhfjdizf'k{k.k l=ksa dks pwdus okys ,sls vf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks lIrkgkar vk;ksftr fd, tkus okysiwjd izf'k{k.k esa Hkkx ysuk gksxkA bldk vuqikyu lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, ,sls vf/kdkjhizf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dh lwph izR;sd 'kqØokj dks lwpuk iV~V ij yxkbZ tk,xhAtSlk fd vki tkurs gSa fd vdkneh ds ikl ØhM+k ifjlj esa vR;k/kqfud O;k;ke'kkyk rFkk'kkjhfjd LoLFkrk dsUnz gSA vki izfrfnu lk;adky rFkk vodk'k ds fnuksa esa bu lqfo/kkvksa dkiwjk mi;ksx dj ldrs gSaAlkgfld [ksy&dwn],oa vU; ikB~;srj dk;Zdykilkgfld [ksyksa dk vk;kstu lIrkgkar esa fd;k tk,xk ftlesa jhoj jkfVax] iSjk&lsfyax] jkWdDykbfEcax rFkk VSªfdax vkfn xfrfof/k;ka 'kkfey gksaxhA Dycksa rFkk lkslkbfV;ksa esa vkidh lfØ;Hkkxhnkjh izkFkZuh; gS] bu Dycksa rFkk lkslkbfV;ksa ds lnL;ksa dk fuokZpu 'kh?kz fd;k tk,xkA84

ikB~;Øe ds lkrosa lIrkg ds nkSju fons'k Hkze.k dh ;kstuk cukbZ xbZ gS] foLr`r C;kSjk vyx lsmiyC/k djk;k tk,xkAvuq'kklu rFkk vkpj.kvdkneh fo'okl djrh gS fd vki ,d ifjiDo o;Ld] vfHkizsfjr rFkk izsj.kkizn f'k{kkFkhZ gSaAblesa ,slh xqatkb'k j[kh xbZ gS fd vki lh[kus ds lkFk&lkFk ;gka ds izokl dk vkuUn Hkh mBkldsaA rFkkfi] bl Lora=rk ds lkFk&lkFk vkidh mifLFkfr dk nkf;Ro fufgr gSAbl rF; dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, fd 'kh?kz gh vkidks ljdkj esa nkf;Roiw.kZ in lkSaik tk,xk] vr%ikB~;Øe Vhe fu;ferrk] le;fu"Bk vkSj 'kkyhurk cuk, j[kus ds lanHkZ esa cqfu;knh vuq'kkluij dksbZ le>kSrk ugha djsxhA ikB~;Øe Vhe ds ,d lnL; dks izHkkjh] vuq'kklu ds :i esaukfer fd;k x;k gS vkSj vuq'kklu rFkk NqV~Vh ds lHkh ekeyksa esa lcls igys muls laidZ djukgksxkAvukf/kd`r vuqifLFkfr] d{kk l=ksa esa foyac ls vkus] 'kkyhurk dk vHkko] mi;qDr Mªsl dksM dkvuqikyu u djus vkfn dks xaHkhjrk ls fy;k tk,xk rFkk iz'kklfud dk;Zokgh dh tk ldrh gSAblds varxZr] funs'kd ds ewY;kadu esa vad dkVuk] O;fDrxr vfHkys[kksa esa izfrdwy izfof"V rFkkvkns'k dh vogsyuk djus okys vf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vf[ky Hkkjrh; lsok ¼vuq'kklurFkk vihy½ fu;ekoyh] 1969 ds vUrxZr dkjZokbZ djuk] vkfn 'kkfey gSaA;g /;ku jgs fd ckg~; ,tsafl;ksa@laLFkkuksa ,oa dsUnz@jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk fdlh Hkh izdkj dklaidZ] mfpr ek/;e vFkkZr~ vdkneh ds funs'kd ds tfj, fd;k tkuk pkfg,A vdkneh dsvUnj] i;Zos{k.k dh Hkwfedk ikB~;Øe ds izkf/kdkfj;ksa vkSj laoxZ ijke'kZnkrkvksa dks lkSaih xbZ gSftUgsa fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa utjvankt ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSAgesa fo'okl gS fd vki gesa naMkRed mik;ksa dk lgkjk ysus dk ekSdk u nsrs gq, gekjs fo'okl dksdk;e j[ksaxsA85

vkokl;g ikB~;Øe iw.kZr% vkoklh; ikB~;Øe gSA vkils vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd vki ifjlj esa viusvkcafVr d{kksa esa jgsaA vkidks dejs esa vius lkFk ifr rFkk iRuh@vfrfFk j[kus ;k dejk cnyusdh vuqefr ugha gSAcSp rFkk lsok ds varxZr fookfgr tksM+ksa ¼cky&cPps jfgr½ dks ,d dejk vkcafVr fd;k tk,xkAcPps ds lkFk rFkk fcuk ikfjokfjd lgk;rk okyh fookfgr efgyk vf/kdkjh dks ,d dejs vkSjcPpksa ds fy, ckyokM+h esa Øsp dh lqfo/kk nh tk ldrh gSA vdknfed ifjlj rFkk vks-VhykWmatesa cPpksa dks vkus dh vuqefr ugha gSANqV~Vh rFkk mifLFkfrpwafd ;g ,d vYi vof/k dk ikB~;Øe gS vr% vki lkekU;r;k NqV~Vh ¼eq[;ky;NksM+us@vkdfLed NqV~Vh@vftZr NqV~Vh½ ds gdnkj ugha gksaxsA tc rd ikB~;Øe Vhe }kjkfo'ks"k rkSj ij ^oSdfYid* ?kksf"kr ugha fd;k tkrk] rc rd vkidks lHkh vdknfed rFkk ikB~;srjl=ksa esa vfuok;Z :i ls Hkkx ysuk gksxkA ;fn vki fdlh l= esa Hkkx ysus esa vleFkZ gSa rks vkidkslg&ikB~;Øe leUo;d ¼vuq'kklu½ ls iwoZ vuqefr ysuh gksxhA vdknfed l=ksa esa gkftjhfu/kkZfjr cSBd ;kstuk ¼lhfVax Iyku½ ds vk/kkj ij yh tk,xh ftlesa ifjorZu ugha fd;k tkldrk gSA vukf/kd`r :i ls vuqifLFkr jgus ij dkj.k crkvks uksfVl tkjh dh tk,xh ftldkmÙkj 24 ?kaVs ds Hkhrj nsuk gksxkA le; ls Li"Vhdj.k izkIr u gksus ij bls vuq'kklughurkle>k tk,xk rFkk vkxs dh iz'kklfud dkjZokbZ dh tk,xhA Li"Vhdj.k Lohdk;Z u ik, tkus ij;Fkksfpr 'kkfLr nh tk,xhA xaHkhj ekeyksa esa ,oa ikB~;Øe Vhe ds lqfopkfjr fu.kZ;ksa ds vk/kkjij vkns'k dh vogsyuk djus okys O;fDr dks izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe esa Hkkx ysus ds vuqi;qDr ?kksf"krfd;k tk,xk rFkk blds ckjs esa fu;ekuqlkj mls vdkneh ls dk;ZeqDr dj fn;k tk,xkAvuq'kklfud dkjZokbZ ij vihy djus ds fy, lg&ikB~;Øe leUo;d ¼vuq'kklu½ ikB~;ØeleUo;d ds tfj, ikB~;Øe Vhe] la;qDr funs'kd rFkk funs'kd blds pSuy gksaxsA vihy dslHkh ekeyksa ij funs'kd dk fu.kZ; vafre gksxkA bl i)fr dks utjvankt djus dk dksbZ Hkhiz;kl ;k vdkneh ls ckgj ds fdlh Hkh izkf/kdkfj;ksa dh flQkfj'k@vuqjks/k izkIr djus ds iz;kldks ?kksj vuq'kklughurk dk d`R; le>k tk,xk rFkk nks"kh vf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkFkhZ dks ikB~;Øels gVk fn;k tk,xkA86

iks'kkdge vdkneh ds Msªl dksM ds vuqikyu ij tksj nsrs gSaA rFkk vkils vis{kk djrs gSa fd vkibldk dM+kbZ ls ikyu djsaA vdknfed ifjlj esa lHkh dk;Z fnolksa ij ysiy dkMZ igus jgsaAlekjksgh iks'kkd% le; lkj.kh esa mfYyf[kr fo'ks"k voljkas ds fy,%iq:"k % can xys dk dkyk dksV rFkk iSaV ¼if'peh lwV ugha½ rFkk vkSipkfjd twrsAefgyk,a% vkSipkfjd lkM+h@if'peh lwV ¼lyokj deht+ ugha½ rFkk vkSipkfjdpIiysa@twrsAvkSipkfjd iks'kkd% lHkh dk;Z fnolkas ds fy,%iq:"k% iwjh vkLrhu dh deht] VkbZ] vkSipkfjd irywu ;k vkjkenk;d lwV rFkkvkSipkfjd twrs ¼dksbZ jaxhu LosVj ugha½efgyk,a% lyokj deht+@lkM+h vkSj vkSipkfjd pIiysa@twrsA[ksy&dwn iks'kkd% vdkneh Vh&'kVZ@VSªd iSaV rFkk lQsn@xzs ekst+s vkSj LiksVZ~l twrsAesl iks'kkd% dk;Z fnuksa ds le; vf/kdkjh eSl esa lHkh Hkkstuksa ds nkSjku vkSipkfjdiks'kkd /kkj.k dh tk,xhA vkSipkfjd iks'kkd@thUl] Vh&'kVZ] Lyhij dh vuqefr dsoyvodk'k fnuksa@;k lIrkgkar esa nh tk,xhA vdknfed ifjlj esa Lyhij@fyi&ykWiiguuk l[r euk gSAvkidks lsok] vdkneh rFkk bl ikB~;Øe ls lacaf/kr fdlh Hkh ekeys esa fizUV ;k n`'; izpkjehfM;k dks izdk'ku] fjiksVZ ;k lwpuk nsus dh vuqefr ugha gSA vki ikB~;Øe leUo;d dh iwoZvuqefr izkIr djus ds ckn ljdkjh uhfr ;k dkjZokbZ dh vkykspuk fd, fcuk iz[;kri=@if=dkvksa esa oSKkfud] lkfgfR;d ;k rduhdh izd`fr ds ys[k izdkf'kr dj ldrs gSaArFkkfi] yky cgknqj 'kkL=h jk"Vªh; iz'kklu vdkneh ds izdk'kuksa esa ys[k izdkf'kr djus ds fy,vuqefr ysus dh dksbZ vko';drk ugha gSA87

dnkpkj ds fy, i;kZIr vuq'kklfud dk;ZokbZ ds vykok ikB~;Øe Vhe }kjk fuEufyf[kr'kkfLr;k¡ yxkbZ tk ldrh gSa%&vijk/k dh izd`fr 'kkfLr izkf/kdkjh1- vuf/kd`r vuqifLFkfr@foyac ls vkus ds fy,vdknfed l=ksa esa'kkjhfjd izf'k{k.k esa2- Mªsl dksM dhvogsyuk3- vdkneh ifjlj esaeksckby Qksu dk mi;ksxA4- fcuk vuqefr ds NqV~Vhysuk@eq[;ky; NksM+uk5- v'kksHkuh; vkpj.k6- fctyh ds fLop cUnu djus@dejkas ds uy[kqyk NksM+us vkfn ds fy,7- Ikgys fn, x, naM dkvuqikyu u djus ;k oghvijk/k ckj&ckj nksgjkus dsfy,,d ckj vuqifLFkr jgus ds ekeysesa vk/ks fnu dh NqV~Vh lfgrvfuok;Z :i ls mipkjh 'kkjhfjdizf'k{k.k dk;ZØe esa fgLlk ysukAnwljh ckj vuqifLFkr jgus ijNqV~Vh ds [kkrs ls ,d fnu dhNqV~Vh dh dVkSrhAvogsyuk djus ij vuqifLFkrle>kk tk,xkAikB~;Øe lekIr gksus rd eksckbyQksu dh tCrhvukf/kd`r vuqifjLFkr le>ktk,xk RkFkk vdk;Z& fnol ?kksf"krfd;k tk,xkvuq'kklu rFkk vihy ¼fu;ekoyh½]1969 rFkk Hkk-iz-ls- ijhfo{kkfu;ekoyh ds rgr ;FkksfprdkjZokbZizR;sd xyr vkpj.k ij 500 #Ik;sdk udn tqekZuk] ftls lekt lsoklkslk;Vh esa tek fd;k tk;sxkTkucw>dj vkKk dk ikyu ughafd;k tkuk le>k tk,xk tks lsokds fy, visf{kr foods vkSj pfj=dh deh n'kkZrk gS AikB~;Øe ls c[kkZLr@vuq'kklfud dkjZokbZ dh tk,xhAlg&ikB~;Øe leUo;¼vuq'kklu½ikB~;dze leU;d¼vihy½la;qDrfuns'kd@funs'kd¼iqujh{kk½& rnSo && rnSo && rnSo && rnSo && rnSo &funs'kd@la;qDrfuns'kd88

Hkkjrh; iz'kklfud lsok ¼ifjoh{kk½ fu;ekoyh] 1954 esa lh/ks HkrhZ ifjoh{kk vf/kdkfj;ksa dhikjLifjd ofj"Brk dk fu.kZ; djus dh O;oLFkk gSA ikjLifj ofj"Brk dk fu/kkZj.k uhps lkj.kh esafn, x, fuEu 'kh"kksZa ds rgr izR;sd ifjoh{kkFkhZ }kjk izkIr vadks ds ;ksx }kjk fd;k tkrk gSAflfoy lsok ijh{kk 2300Ikzf'k{k.k ds nkSjku ewY;kadu1-vk/kkfjd ikB~;Øefuns'kd dk ewY;kadu 150vafre fyf[kr ijh{kk 1502- Hkk-iz-ls- O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe pj.k&Afuns'kd dk ewY;kadu 200Hkk- iz-ls- ijhoh{kkFkhZ vafre ijh{kk 3003- Hkk-iz-ls- O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe pj.k & AAftyk izf'k{k.k 200funs'kd ewY;kadu 200Ikzf'k{k.k ds nkSjku dqy vad 1200egk;ksx 3500vk/kkfjd ikB~;Øe rFkk Hkk- iz- ls- O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe pj.k&A ds fy, ewY;kadu gsrq dqy400 vad j[ks tk,axs ftlesa 200 vad ftyk izf'k{k.k ds fy, rFkk 200 vad funs'kd ds ewY;kaduds fy, j[ks tk,axsAftyk izf'k{k.k dk ewY;kadu fuEukuqlkj fd;k tk,xk%1- Lkeuqns'ku¼d½ Xkzkeh.k v/;;u1 lkekftd&vkfFkZd v/;;u rFkk Hkwfe lq/kkj% 20 vad¼[k½ ftyk iz'kklu ij leuqns'ku%30 vad89

¼x½ 'kgjh&izca/k ij leuqns'ku20 vad2- fo'kys"k.kkRed fVIif.k;ksa@foLr`r Mk;jh fooj.k lfgr ekfld fjiksVZ¼d½ fu;ferrk%20 vad¼[k½ fo'ys"k.k%20 vad3- fof/k leuqns'ku% 20 vad4- ,-Vh-vkbZ izf'k{k.k ewY;kadu% 20 vad5- dysDVj dk ewY;kadu% 30 vad6- Hkk"kk leuqns'ku% 20 vadftyk izf'k{k.k200 vadHkkjrh; iz'kklfud lsok dk O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe pj.k &AA ds nkSjku funs'kd dk ewY;kadufuEuor~ gksxk%&1- le; ikyu rFkk fu;ferrk% 30 vad2- vuqHko vknku&iznku izLrqfr% 20 vad3- ftyk leuqns'ku izLrqfr% 20 vad4- Hkk"kk ewY;kadu% 30 vad5- vkbZ-lh-Vh- ewY;kadu% 20 vad6- 'kkjhfjd fØ;kdyki% 20 vad7- ikB~;srj fØ;kdyki% 10 vad8- funs'kd dk lexz ewY;kadu% 50 vadfuns'kd dk ewY;kadu%200 vad90

1. fizf'k{kq vf/kdkfj;ksa dh lwph ¼xzqi & , vkSj ch½2. ijke'kZnkrkvksa dh lwph3. Dyc rFkk lkslkbfV;ksa gsrq funs'kd ukfefr;ksa dh lwph4. iqjLdkj5. vkpj.k laca/kh fn'kk&funsZ'k6. ,LdkWVZ M~;wVh7. ladk; lnL;91

vuqyxud 1izf'k{kq vf/kdkfj;ksa dh lwphHkk-iz- lsok O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe pj.k -II ¼2010 cSp½lewg & ,Øe la[;k uke vksVh dksM1- thrsUnj ;kno A012. jfo Ádk'k xqIrk A023. jatuk A034. vehr dqekj A045. xkSjo nfj;k A056- jkWcZV flag {ks=hek;we A067- dknEcjh Hkxr A078- ?ku';ke rksjh A089- 'kadj yky dqekor A0910- lanhi dkSj A1011- vfer dqekj A1112- f'kodqekj ds- ch- A1213- deys'k dqekj tks'kh A1314- t; Ádk'k eks;Z A1415- v[kaM Árki flag A1516- vkj- foeyk A1617- lqcks/k dqekj A1718- iVsy vkuan ckcwyky A1819- lksfudk A1920- ,l ,l udqy A2021- egkRes lnhai ukenso A2122- eksfudk jkuh A2223- 'k'kkad lsBh A2324- vgen bdcky A2425- fuf/k JhokLro A2526- dkfrZds; xks;y A2627- vt; ;kno A2792

Øe la[;k uke vksVh dksM28- dqekj Á'kkar A2829- Jhfo|k ih.vkbZ. A2930- vjfoan dqekj eh.kk A3031- fo'o eksgu 'kekZ A3132- 'kEHkq dqekj A3233- lk{kh feRRky A3334- fo'oukFk A3435- lat; dqekj [k=h A3536- fouksnfÁ;k vkj- A3637- ujsUnj dqekj eh.kk A3738- Hkokuh flag [kkaxjksV A3839- nqxkZ 'kfä ukxiky A3940- jktho jatu A4041- vkj vtZqu A4142- oh- jke Álkn euksgj A4243- yfyrk vkj- A4344- vk'kqrks"k fujatu A4445- dfiy eh.kk A4546- jkuw lkgw A4647- fodkl flag A4748- vkjrh yky A4849- vcw bejku A4950- Áoh.k ih- uk;j A5051- tks;ks'kh nkl xqIrk A5152- dqekj vfer A5253- lqthr dqekj A5354- usgk caly A5455- Mh- ekfudkanu A5556- usgk 'kekZ A5657- lkjka'k feRry A5793

Øe la[;k uke vksVh dksM58- estj fufru dqekj A5859- ds- ckykth A5960- djek vkj- cksaiks A6061- ?kksMds jf'e t;sUæ A6162- ;ksxs'k dqekj A6263- eatqJh ,u A6364- ';ke yky iwfu;k A6465- fufr'k dqekj A6566- ,lD;w,u fyMhj ih ikaMk A6694

lewg & chØe la[;k uke vksVh dksM1- "k.keqek fiz;k vkj- B012- vk'kqrks"k lfyy B023- dkS'ky fd'kksj B034- HkaMkjh Lokxr j.kohjpan B045- pUnz 'ks[kj flag B056- izdk'k jktiqjksfgr B067- ekulh fuaHky B078- x.ks'k 'kadj feJ B089- vfuy HkaMkjh B0910- daoy ruqt B1011- ;wuql B1112- usgk fxjh B1213- vu; f}osnh B1314- ukjk;.k dksuoj B1415- lq/kkalq eksgu lkey B1516- ns'kHkjrkj izsj.kk fgEerjko B1617- d`".kk cktis;h B1718- thrsUnz dqekj lksuh B1819- jktukjk;.k dkSf'kd B1920- jkgqy f}osnh B2021- vk'kh"k flag B2122- Mh fnO;k B2223- pkS/kjh mn; B2324- vfHkthr vxzoky B2425- y; eÌwjh B2526- jkt dqekj B2627- gjh panuk nlkjh B2728- ekslkfnd vkye B2895

Øe la[;k uke vksVh dksM29- xfjek feRry B2930- 'kSys'k uoy B3031- vkj osadVs'k dqekj B3132- deZohj 'kekZ B3233- d#.kk dqekjh B3334- vouh'k dqekj flag B3435- eksgEen okbZ- dslQh:Yyk B3536- Hkkjrh gksfYydsjh B3637- HkkLdj y{kkdj B3738- bok lgk; B3839- izse panz pkS/kjh B3940- fFkuys pksMsu B4041- vkezikyh dkVk B4142- lqns'k dqekj eks[kVk B4243- dkS'kysUnz foØe flag B4344- lqeu jkor B4445- lksue X;sy'ksu B4546- tsfuokl B4647- dqekj jktho jatu B4748- banjthr flag B4849- rkUoh lqanfj;ky B4950- xaMe panzqMw B5051- jktho jkS'ku B5152- v'ouh dqekj B5253- 'kkg QSty B5354- jf'erk ikaMk B5455- vuqjkx pkS/kjh B5556- izhfr eh.kk B5657- vfues'k dqekj ijk'kj B5796

Øe la[;k uke vksVh dksM58- vuqiek Vh-oh- B5859- ukjk;.k Hkjr xqIrk B5960- izlUuk jkekLokeh th- B6061- r:.k jkBh B6162- oh.kk ,u-,e- B6263- izHktksr flag B6364- jpuk ikfVy B6465- fljhy Mkjyksax fMaxMksg B6566- /kujktw ,l B6667- uhjt dqekj B6768- czwu/kk Mh B6897

vuqyxud&2ijke'kZnkrkvksa dh lwphjkT; ijke'kZnkrk Jh@Jherh oSdfYid ijke'kZnkrkvXeqV Áks- Kkusanz cM+xS;ka jatuk pksiM+kvka/kz Áns'k MkW- ,-,l- jkepUnzu latho pksiM+kvkle&es?kky; MkW- eksuk Hkxcrh MkW- Áse flagfcgkj jatuk pksiM+k fuf/k 'kekZHkwVku ineohj flag rstohj flagNRrhlx

vuqyxud&3Dyc rFkk lkslkbfV;ksa gsrq funs'kd ukfefr;ksa dh lwphDyc@lkslkbVh funs'kd ukferh loZJh lg funs'kd ukferh loZJhlkgfld [ksydwn Dyc MkW Áse flag t;ar flagvyEukbZ ,lksfl,'ku jksyh flag rstohj flagdaI;wVj lkslk;Vhearks"k pØorhZfQYe lkslk;Vh nq";ar ufj;kyk ,-,l-jkepUnzuyfyr dyk lkslk;Vh rstohj flag jatuk pksiM+k@MkW- nythr dkSj@lkSnkfeuh Hkw;kavfHk#fp Dyc tlÁhr ryokj jksyh flagx`g if=dk lkslk;Vh fuf/k 'kekZ jksyh flagds-ch-fla?kkÁca/k eaMy MkW ,l-,p-[kku iquhr eksguÁd`fr Áseh Dyc jksyh flag fuf/k 'kekZMkW- vydk , dqyd.khZvf/kdkjh Dyc MkW Áse flag rstohj flagvf/kdkjh esl t;ar flag vk'kh"k oPNkuhjkbQy rFkk ?kuqfoZ|k Dyc vk'kh"k oPNkuh MkW Áse flagledkyhu fØ;kdyki lkls k;Vh Áks0 Kkusanz cM+xS;kat;ar flaglekt lsok lkslk;Vh jatuk pksiM+k vk'kh"k oPNkuh],-uYykLokeh ,oavj'kn ,e- uanugSe jsfM;ks Dyc t;ar flag MkW Áse flagNk=kokl Áac/k lfefrtlÁhr ryokj99

vuqyxud&4iqjLdkjHkk-iz- lsok O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe pj.k&AA ds var esa fuEufyf[kr iqjLdkj iznku fd, tkus dkizLrko gS%;ksX;rk Øe esa izFke LFkku gsrq funs'kd dk Lo.kZ ind% la?k yksd lsok vk;ksx dhijh{kk] vk/kkfjd ikB~;Øe fyf[kr ijh{kk rFkk ewY;akdu] pj.k&A fyf[kr ijh{kk rFkkewY;kadu] pj.k&AA ewY;kadu rFkk ftyk izf'k{k.k esa izkIr vadksa ds vk/kkj ij loksZPp vadizkIr djus gsrqAv'kksd cackoys Le`fr iqjLdkj ¼Hkk-iz-lsok mRd`"V izf'k{k.kkFkhZ½% vk/kkfjd ikB~;Øefyf[kr ijh{kk] vk/kkfjd ikB~;Øe esa vdkneh ewY;kadu] Hkk-iz-lsok ifjoh{kk/khu vafreijh{kk] pj.k&A esa vdkneh ewY;kadu] ftyk izf'k{k.k rFkk pj.k&AA izf'k{k.k esa vdknehewY;kadu ds vk/kkj ij loksZPp vad izkIr djus gsrqA blesa 25]000@& #i, dk udniqjLdkj rFkk izek.ki= iznku fd;k tkrk gSAlqHkk"k nqvk Le`fr Lo.kZ ind ¼Hkk-iz-lsok O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe esa loZrkseq[khizf'k{k.kkFkhZ½% pj.k&A fyf[kr ijh{kk rFkk ewY;kadu] pj.k&AA ewY;kadu rFkk ftykizf'k{k.k esa izkIr vadksa ds vk/kkj ij loksZPp vad izkIr djus gsrqAdqekjh jhuk la/kw Le`fr Lo.kZ ind% pj.k&A rFkk pj.k&AA ds nkSjku ikB~;srjdk;Zdykiksa esa loksZRre fu"iknu gsrqA,y-oh- jsM~Mh Le`fr iqjLdkj ¼'khYM½% ;g vk/kkfjd ikB~;Øe] pj.k&A] ftyk izf'k{k.krFkk funs'kd ewY;kadu esa loksZPp vad izkIr djus okys] mRrj&iwoZ laoxZ dks vkcafVrvf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkFkhZ dks iznku fd;k tkrk gSAth- d`".kS;k Le`fr iqjLdkj ¼'khYM½% ;g dkuwu&O;oLFkk ij loksZRre leuqns'ku fy[kusokys vf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkFkhZ dks iznku fd;k tkrk gSAnljFk izlkn Le`fr O;k[;ku100

vuqyxud&5vkpj.k laca/kh fn'kk&funsZ'kvdkneh lHkh vf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa ls vR;ar vkRe&vuq'kklu dh vis{kk djrh gSAvf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks lHkh dk;Zdykiksa esa ije le;&ikcanh rFkk fu;ferrk dkikyu djuk gksxkAvf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa ls vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd os vR;ar lR;fu"Bk] lkekftd O;ogkj]f'k"Vrk] e;kZnk rFkk futh LokLF; dk fo'ks"k /;ku j[ksaAvf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks vius dejs] ykmat ;k dksfjMksj esa tksj ls laxhr ugha ctkukpkfg,A mUgsa ,d vf/kdkjh rqY; e;kZnk dk ikyu djuk pkfg,Avdkneh esa eknd is;ksa dks j[kus vkSj lsou dh l[r eukgh gSAvf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks vdkneh esa viuk futh okgu j[kus dh vuqefr ugha gSA101

vuqyxud&6,LdkWVZ M~;wVh ;g lqfuf'pr djuk fd vfrfFk oDrkvksa dks nsgjknwu jsyos LVs'ku@gokbZ vM~Ms vkfn ls ykusds fy, izksVksdkWy vuqHkkx }kjk vdkneh dh LVkQ dkj fufnZ"V dh xbZ gSA ;fn vfr&fof'k"VvfrfFk oDrk vk jgs gksa rks muds Lokxr ds fy, nsgjknwu gokbZ vM~Ms@jsyos LVs'ku ijO;oLFkk Hkh djuh gksxhA vfrfFk oDrk ds igqapus ls iwoZ muds fy, vkcafVr vfrfFk&x`g dk fujh{k.k djukA vdkneh esa igqapus ij vfrfFk oDrk dh vxokuh djuk] mUgsa muds dejs esa igaqpkuk rFkkvdkneh esa muds izokl ds nkSjku mudk /;ku j[kukA ijarq bldk rkRi;Z ;g ugha gS fd,LdkWVZ vf/kdkjh vuko';d :i ls le; cckZn djs vkSj d{kkvksa rFkk vU; fØ;kdykiksa esavuqifLFkr jgsA ;fn vfrfFk oDrk dks ikB~;Øe lajpuk] ikB~;fooj.k rFkk vU; fØ;kdykiksa dh igys lstkudkjh u gks rks mUgsa d{kk vkjaHk gksus ls igys lHkh ckrksa dh tkudkjh nsukA vdkneh esa vfrfFk oDrk ds igqapus ij muls mudk ^thou&o`Ùk* izkIr djukA ¼bl thou&o`Ùkdks mlh fnu izf'k{k.k] vuqla/kku vkSj fodkl lsy dks lkSai nsuk pkfg,A½ vfrfFk oDrk dh vko';drkuq:i] O;k[;ku d{k esa fo'ks"k O;oLFkk lqfuf'pr djukA bl ckr dk /;ku j[kuk fd vfrfFk oDrk ds vdkneh esa izokl ds nkSjku fofHkUulkslkbfV;ksa@Dycksa }kjk vk;ksftr dk;ZØeksa esa mUgsa Hkh vkeaf=r fd;k tk,A blds fy,lacaf/kr funs'kd ukferh ls visf{kr Lohd`fr@fuea=.k vkfn izkIr dj ysuk pkfg,A ;g lqfuf'pr djuk fd O;k[;ku vkjaHk gksus ls igys gh est ij uke&iV~V vkfn j[k fn, x,gSaA vfrfFk oDrk ls fy, x, thou&o`Ùk ds vk/kkj ij izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa ls mudk ifjp;djokukA vfrfFk O;k[;kuksa ds laca/k esa] vkarfjd ladk; lnL;ksa ls ijke'kZ djds fuEufyf[kr O;oLFkk,adjuk%¼d½ ;fn vfrfFk l= dh v/;{krk dss fy, dgk x;k gks rks l= dh v/;{krk dh O;oLFkk djrsgq, l= dk lapkyu bl rjg ls djuk fd vfrfFk oDrk vFkok vdkneh dks fdlh Hkhizdkj 'kfeZank u gksuk iMs+A¼[k½ O;k[;ku lekIr gksus ij ;g ?kks"k.kk djuk fd vfrfFk oDrk dks Jksrkvksa ds mÙkj nsus esaizlUurk gksxhA ¼,slk rHkh djsa tc vfrfFk oDrk blds fy, rS;kj gksaA½¼x½ l= dh lekfIr ij] vf/kdkjh izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dh vksj ls] vdkneh dh vksj ls vkSj viuhvksj ls Hkh vfrfFk oDrk dks /kU;okn nsuk u HkwysaA ;g lqfuf'pr djuk fd vfrfFk oDrk dks ;k=k HkRrs dk le; ij Hkqxrku izkIr gks x;k gS vkSjvfrfFk oDrk dks nsgjknwu NksM+us ds fy, vdkneh LVkQ dkj dh O;oLFkk dj nh gSA102

vuqyxud&7103

ineohj flag] Hkk-iz-lsok ¼1977% e/; izns'k½funs'kdtUe frfFk% 16 Qjojh] 1954( izkjafHkd f'k{kk nwu Ldwy] nsgjknwu ls izkIr dhA vFkZ'kkL= esa lsaVLVhQWUl dkWyst] fnYyh ls Lukrd fd;kA rRi'pkr~] n'kZu'kkL= rFkk jktuhfr foKku esa,d&,d o"kZ rd LukrdksÙkj fd;kA 1977 esa Hkkjrh; iz'kklfud lsok esa dk;Zxzg.k fd;k rFkke/; izns'k laoxZ vkcafVr gqvkA 1992 esa] ,e-vkbZ-Vh- ckWLVu ds v/;srk jgsA vdkneh esa flracj2009 esa funs'kd dk inHkkj xzg.k fd;kA blls iwoZ] os fo'ks"k funs'kd jgsA o"kZ 2007 ls igys]tc mUgkssaus vdkneh esa la;qDr funs'kd dk in xzg.k fd;k] os e/; izns'k ljdkj esa yksd fuekZ.kfoHkkx rFkk lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx ds iz/kku lfpo jgsA vius rhu n'kd dh ljdkjh lsok esajkT; ljdkj ds lfpo] foHkkxk/;{k lkoZtfud miØeksa ds izca/k funs'kd rFkk ftyk eftLVsªVjgsA 1991 ls 1996 rd vdkneh ds mifuns'kd Hkh jgsA e/; izns'k iz'kklfud vdkneh dsfuns'kd jgs] rFkk Hkkjrh; mUur v/;;u laLFkku] f'keyk ds lfpo jgsA 'kSf{kd #fp&'kklu&lapkyu] iz'kklfud lq/kkj] lexz xq.koRrk izca/k] laLFkku fodkl]] izf'k{k.k] vkpkjuhfr]n'kZu rFkk euksfoKkuA O;fDrxr #fp& iBu] dEI;wVj] isafVax] QksVksxzkQh] laxhr] Vsful]cSMfeaVu rFkk ;ksxA os fookfgr gSa rFkk muds nks cPps gSaAdq'k oekZ] Hkk-iz-lsok- ¼1979% mRrj izns'k½dk;Zikyd funs'kd2 vxLr] 2010 dks ,uvkbZ,vkj ds egkfuns'kd ds in ij dk;Zxzg.k fd,A ,uvkbZ,vkj esadk;Zxzg.k ls iwoZ mRrj izns'k ljdkj rFkk Hkkjr ljdkj esa fofHkUu inksa ij dk;Z fd,] ;Fkk&jk;cjsyh vkSj izrkix

uks;Mk] yk-c-'kk-jk-iz vdkneh] elwjh] Hkkjrh; yksd iz'kklu laLFkku] ubZ fnYyh] cSadlZbaLVhV~;wV vkWQ :jy MsoyiesUV] y[kuÅ vkfn esa O;k[;ku Hkh fn, gSaA vfHk#fp ds {ks= gSa&cky dfork,a fy[kuk] Vsful [ksyuk rFkk lqxe laxhr lquukAlatho pksiM+k] Hkk-iz- lsok ¼1990 % mM+hlk½la;qDr funs'kdtUefrfFk % 17-04-1967- fnYyh ifCyd Ldwy] eFkqjk jksM] ubZ fnYyh ls izkjafHkd f'k{kk xzg.k dh]Jhjke dkyst vkWQ dkWelZ ls okf.kT; esa Lukrd] ckn esa fnYyh ;wfuoflZVh esa ,Q-,e-,l- ls,ech, fd;k- 1989 esa MWLps cSad esa dk;Z xzg.k fd;kA 1990 esa Hkk-iz-lsok esa izos'k rFkk mM+hlklaoxZ feykA izkjafHkd o"kkZsa esa dk;Z& vkuaniqj ,oa ckfjikMk ds ,l-Mh-,e- jgs] da/keky ftys esaMhvkjMh, ds ifj;kstuk funs'kd jgs] rFkk ckn esa vkfnoklh ftyk dksjkiqV ds dysDVj jgsAQhYM rSukfr;ka iw.kZ gksus ij] mM+hlk y?kq m|ksx fuxe ds izca/k funs'kd jgs] vkS|ksfxd rFkkrduhdh f'k{kk funs'kd jgs] mM+hlk jkT; lgdkjh cSad ds izca/k funs'kd rFkk mM+hlk [kkufuxe ds izca/k funs'kd jgsA mM+hlk [kku fuxe esa miØe lalk/ku fu;kstu ds fØ;kUo;u gsrqfd, x, dk;ksZa ds fy, Hkkjr ljdkj us 2009 esa flfoy lsok fnol ds volj ij loksZRreiz'kfLr iznku dhA vdkneh esa 3 vizSy 2007 dks mifuns'kd ¼ofj"B½ ds in ij dk;ZHkkj xzg.kfd;kA #fp ds fo"k;& laxBukRed O;ogkj] 'kgjh izca/k] lkoZtfud miØeksa esa fuxfer 'kklurFkk foRrh; lesduA izdk'ku& "Restructuring and Reengineering in Cooperative banks".2009&10 esa v/;;u vodk'k ds nkSjku yanu Ldwy vkWQ bdksuksfeDl ls {ks=h; ,oa 'kgjh;kstuk v/;;u esa ,e,llh- dhAvfHk"ksd LokehjhMj fof/kljnkj iVsy fon~;ky;] ubZ fnYyh ls fon~;ky;h f'k{kk izkIrA 1996 esa lsaV LVhQUl dkyst lsbfrgkl ¼vkWulZ½ esa Lukrd] tokgjyky usg: fo'ofon~;ky; ¼ts-,u-;w½] ubZ fnYyh lsvarjkZ"Vªh; jktuhfr 'kkL= esa LukrdksRrj dh fMxzh izkIr dh rRi'pkr tokgj yky usg:fo'ofon~;ky; ls gh varjk"Vªh; fof/k esa ,e- fQy dh mikf/k izkIr dhA 'kks/k&izcU/k dk fo"k;dk tutkft;ksa ds vf/kdkj rFkk Ik;kZoj.k lacaf/kh leL;ka,] jktuhfr'kkL= ds fy,105

fo'ofon~;ky; vunku vk;kstu }kjk duf"B vuqla/kku v/;sUrko`fRr ls ukoktk x;kZ fnYyhfo'ofon~;ky; ls fof/k Lukrd ¼cSpyj bu ykW½ dh mikf/k izkIr dhA bafM;k VqMs ds lkFk i=dkjds :Ik esa dqN o"kksZ rd tqM+us ds ckn o"kZ 2000 esa Hkkjrh; jsyos ys[kk lsok ¼vkbZ- vkj- ,- ,l-½dk;ZHkkj xzg.k fd;kA if'pe jsyos esa ml ny ds lkFk ds ftlus vgenkckn fMohtu dhLFkkiuk dhA o"kZ 2006 esa fu;a=d ,oa egkys[kk ijh{kk lh- ,-th- ds dk;kZy; ls lacf/kr xouZesaVvdkmfUVax LVS.Mls ,Mokbtjh cksMZ ¼th-,-,l-,-ch-½ ds lfpoky esa mi funs'kd jgs ;gka]ekud fu/kkZj.k ds vykok] udn&vk/kkfjr ys[kkdj.k ls miktZu&vk/kkfjr ys[kkdj.k dh rjQtkus ij fo'ks"k ?;ku fn;kA miktZu vk/kkfjr ys[kkdj.k jsyos ea=ky; esa ys[kkdj.k lq/kkjifj;kstuk dk Hkh dsUnz fcanq Fkk vkdneh esa ebZ 2012 esa dk;Zxzg.k djus ls iwoZ jsyos dkssp QSDVªh]jk;cjsyh ds fy, ,lksf'k,V fQukUl jgs gS vkSj mRrj jsysos dh lHkh dk;Z'kkykvksa ds fy,fQukUl MsI;qvh dk leU;u dj jgs FksA :fp ds {ks=& lkbZfdy pykuk] rSjuk rFkk nkSM+ukAmiU;kl] bfrgkl rFkk lelkef;d fo"k;ksa] fo'ks"kdj Ik;kZoj.k rfkk varjkZ"Vªh; jktuhfr] dsv/;;u dk 'kkSdAvk'kh"k oPNkuh] Hkk-iz- lsok ¼1997 % rfeyukMq]½mifuns'kd ¼o-½Hkkjrh; iz'kklfud lsok esa vkus ls iwoZ] tokgjyky usg: fo'ofo|ky;] ubZ fnYyh ds LdwyvkWQ baVusZ'kuy LVMht ls baVusZ'kuy vkWxZukbts'ku~l esa ,e-fQy- fd;kA 1999 esa f'kodk'kh]fo#/kquxj ftys ds midyDVj jgs( voj lfpo@milfpo¼ctV½@la;qDr lfpo] foÙk foHkkx]rfeyukMq ljdkj( foÙk foHkkx esa jkT; ctV vf/kdkjh jgrs gq,] jkT; ljdkj dk okf"kZd ctVrS;kj djus] vuqeksnu gsrq fo/kkueaMy ds tfj, bls vkxs c

vdkneh esa iwoZ esa jhMj] jktuSfrd fl)kar ,oa laoS/kkfud fof/k rFkk jhMj] fof/k ds in ijvDVwcj 2004 rd dk;Z fd;kA rRi'pkr~] vizSy] 2007 esa jktuSfrd ladYiuk,a rFkk laoS/kkfudfof/k ds izksQslj ds :i esa yk-c-'kk-jk-v- esa dk;Zxzg.k djus ls iwoZ jk"Vªh; U;k; vdkneh] Hkksikyesa vuqla/kku v/;srk( :jy fyVhxs'ku ,.M buVkbVyesaV dsanz nsgjknwu esa ofj"B fof/k ijke'khZrFkk ljnkj cYyHkHkkbZ iVsy jk"Vªh; iqfyl vdkneh] gSnjkckn esa lgk;d funs'kd ¼fof/k½ dsin ij dk;Z fd;kA,-,l- jkepanzizksQslj] jktuSfrd fl)kar rFkk laoS/kkfud fof/kfof/k esa MkDVjsV dh mikf/k rFkk fof/k] jktuhfr ,oa vaxzsth Hkk"kk rFkk lkfgR; esa LukrdksRrjA1990 ls ysdj 2002 rda fof/k v/;kid ds :i esa O;kolkf;d thou vkjaHk fd;k vkSj blvdkneh esa iwoZ esa jhMj] jktuSfrd fl)kar ,oa laoS/kkfud fof/k rFkk jhMj] fof/k ds in ijvDVwcj 2004 rd dk;Z fd;kA rRi'pkr~] vizSy] 2007 esa jktuSfrd ladYiuk,a rFkk laoS/kkfudfof/k ds izksQslj ds :i esa yk-c-'kk-jk-v- esa dk;Zxzg.k djus ls iwoZ jk"Vªh; U;k; vdkneh] Hkksikyesa vuqla/kku v/;srk( :jy fyVhxs'ku ,.M buVkbVyesaV dsanz nsgjknwu esa ofj"B fof/k ijke'khZrFkk ljnkj cYyHkHkkbZ iVsy jk"Vªh; iqfyl vdkneh] gSnjkckn esa lgk;d funs'kd ¼fof/k½ dsin ij dk;Z fd;kAnq";ar ufj;kyk]% Hkk-iz- lsok ¼1993 % i- caxky½mifuns'kd ¼o-½fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ls fof/k LukrdA Hkkjrh; iz'kklfud lsok esa vkus ls iwoZ jk"Vªh; jkt/kkuh{ks= fnYyh ljdkj esa egkuxj eftLVsªV dk dk;Z vuqHkoA if'pe caxky ds nqxkZiqj esami&e.Myh; eftLVsªV] ftyk ifj"kn] dwp fcgkj esa vij ftyk eftLVsªV rFkk vij LFkkiukvf/kdkjh vkSj mRrj 24 ijxuk esa ftyk Hkw ,oa Hkw lq/kkj vf/kdkjh] vij ftyk eftLVsªV ¼Hkwv/;kfIr½rFkk vij ftyk vf/kdkjh ¼lkekU;½ jgsA iwoZ esfnuhiqj rFkk if'pe esfnuhiqj esa Øe'k%ftyk eftLVsªV rFkk dysDVj ds nkf;Roksa dk fuokZg fd;kA yk-c-'kk-jk-iz-vdkneh esa dk;Z xzg.kdjus ls Bhd igys fo|ky;h f'k{kk foHkkx ds loZ f'k{kk vfHk;ku esa jkT; ifj;kstuk funs'kd ds:i esa Hkh dk;Z fd;kA107

MkW- KkusUnz cMxS;ka] Hkk-iz- lsok ¼1991 % vXeqV½izksQslj] vFkZ'kkL=vFkZ'kkL= ds izksQslj ds in ij 18 ebZ] 2011 dks dkZxzg.k fd;kA MkW- cMxS;kaa us Hkk- iz- lsok esavkus ls iwoZ] nsYgh Ldwy vkQ bdWuksfeDl ls vFkZ'kkL= esa LukrdksRrj rFkk dsfEczt ;wfuoflZVh];w-ds- ls vFkZ'kkL= esa ,e-fQy fd;kA Hkk- iz-lsok esa yxHkx ,d n'kd rd lsok djus ds mijkUr]v/;;u vodk'k ij jgdj fizUlSVWu ;wfuoflZVh] ;w-,l-,- ls ih&,p-Mh- izkIr dhA Hkk- iz- lsok esajgrs gq,] nknj uxj gosyh rFkk fnYyh esa ftyk dyDVj] neu rFkk nhm ,oa vaMeku fudksckjiz'kklu esa for lfpo vkSj eq[;ea=h ds lfpo ds :Ik esa dk;Z fd;kA jk"Vª&Lrjh; ,d xSjljdkjh laxBu ds dk;Zikyd v/;{k rFkk nf{k.k ,f'k;kbZ vuqla/kku lewg ds funs'kd ds :Ik esaHkh dk;Z fd;k gSAtlizhr ryokj] Hkk-iz-lsok] ¼1995 % iatkc½mifuns'kd ¼o-½,elh,e Mh,oh dkyst] p.Mhx

vuqHko] tgka Fkksd oLrq lapkyu] ;k=h ,oa fdjk;k nj foi.ku rFkk dkaMyk ds iRru ;krk;kr,oa eqanzk ds vnkuh iRru dks jsy fyad ls tqM+s dk;ksZa ls lac) jgsA dkaMyk vkSj Hkqt esa vk,Øe'k% 1999 ds pØokr rFkk 2001 ds Hkwdai ds mijkar ogka jkgr vkSj iquokZl dk;ksZa esa xguHkkxhnkjh dhA 2002&07 ds chp Hkkjrh; daVsuj fuxe esa izfrfu;qfDr ij jgs rFkk 2006 esa,f'k;k dh igyh Mcy Msdj daVsuj Vªsu dk 'kqHkkjaHk fd;kA mudh fiNyh rSukrh 2008&11 rdjsy ea=ky; esa funs'kd] i;ZVu ,oa [kkuiku ds in ij Fkh] tgka mUgksaus ^iSysl vkWu OghYl* tSlhyXtjh i;ZVd jsyxkfM+;ksa ds izca/k ,oa lapkyu dk nkf;Ro fuHkk;k rFkk vkB fofHkUu lfØVksa esarhu ubZ jsyxkfM+;ka vkjaHk djus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA fnukad 23-03-2011 dks vdkneh esamifuns'kd ¼o-½ ds in ij dk;Zxzg.k fd;kA vfHk#fp ds {ks=% fo'ks"kdj bfrgkl] lelkef;dh]lsuk dk bfrgkl ,oa e/; ,f'k;kbZ ekeyksa dk v/;;u] fQYesa ns[kuk] iz'uksRrjh( fØdsV ,oaLDoS'k [ksyuk] ?kqM+lokjh lh[kus dh bPNkAfuf/k 'kekZ] Hkk-jk-lsok ¼2000½mifuns'kdth,p,l&vkbZ,evkj] dkuiqj ls ihthMhch,e rFkk vkbZvkbZ,e] vgenkckn lsihthih&ih,eih( lgk;d vk;qDr] vk; dj] bEQky ds in ij 3 o"kZ rd dk;Z fd;k( mik;qDr]vk;dj] baQky ds in ij nks o"kZ rd dk;Z fd;k( mik;qDr] vk; dj ¼dsUnzh; ifj{ks=½] fnYyhrFkk mi funs'kd] vk; dj ¼volajpuk½] fnYyh ds in ij dk;Z fd;kA yk-c-'kk-jk-iz- vdknehesa mifuns'kd ds in ij 2 vxLr] 2010 dks dk;ZHkkj xzg.k fd;kA #fp ds fo"k;& yksd foRr]lkoZtfud {ks= dk vFkZ'kkL=] MCY;wVhvks rFkk tyok;q ifjorZuAMkW- izse flag] Hkk-iz-lsok ¼2000 % ef.kiqj&f=iqjk½mifuns'kdtsvkbZih,ebZvkj] iqMqpjh ls ,echch,l( ,lMhvks] pansy( funs'kd] ;qok ekeys ,oa ØhM+k]ef.kiqj( mik;qDr] lsukifr ftyk( eq[;ea=h ds lfpo rFkk funs'kd] uxj iz'kklu] vkokl ,oa'kgjh fodkl( vkbZvkbZ,e] vgenkckn ls yksd izca/k ,oa uhfr esa LukrdksRrj( funs'kd] uxjiz'kklu] vkokl ,oa 'kgjh fodkl] jkT; fe'ku funs'kd ¼,uvkj,p,e½ jgsA vdkneh esa Qjojh109

2010 esa dk;ZHkkj xzg.k djus ls iwoZ] jkT; ifj;kstu funs'kd ¼,l,l,½A #fp ds fo"k;&dY;k.kdkjh jkT; dk vuqiz;qDr vFkZ'kkL=] lkekftd {ks= esa lsok iznku djuk ¼LokLF;] f'k{kk½Aiquhr eksguÁksQslj] lkekftd Áca/kvdkneh esa ÁksQslj] lkekftd Áca/k ds in ij 8 vxLr] 2011 dks dk;Z xzg.k fd;kA y[kuÅfo'ofo|ky; ls 1947 esa ekuo lalk/ku Áca/ku rFkk vkS|ksfxd laca/kks esa LukrdksŸkj] fo"k; dsrkSj ij] ekuo lalk/ku Áca/ku esa ;w-th-lh-usV ijh{kk mŸkh.kZ] ukS iqLrdksa rFkk nl vuqla/kkuvkys[kksa ds lg&ys[kd] vks-,u-th-lh-] Hkkjr bysDVªkfuDl fyfeVsM] bZ-,l-vkbZ- fpfdRldksa]xkft;kckn ftyk vf/kdkfj;ksa] m0Á0 jkT; vf/kdkfj;ksa] ou Áf'k{k.k laLFkku] bR;kfn ds fy,dbZ Áf'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa rFkk Áca/ku fodkl dk;ZØeksa dk vk;kstu fd;k gSA :fp ds {ks=&dafiVsUlh eSfiax] iQkSesUl ,Ásty 360 fMxzh lkbdksehfVªd VsfLVax] QkLV ykbQ fjxzs'ku Fksjsih]Vhe fcfYMax ,aM xzqi Mk;usfeDlA ÁkbosV Ldwyksa esa f'k{k.k rFkk Áf'k{k.k dk chl ls vf/kd o"kksZdk vuqHkoAjatuk pksiM+k] Hkk-iz-lsok ¼1994 % mM+hlk½mifuns'kd ¼o-½iatkch fo'ofo|ky; ls dyk Lukrd( mRdy fo'ofo|ky;] mM+hlk ls fof/k Lukrd( yanuLdwy vkWQ bduksfeDl ,aM iksfyfVdy lkbUl ls LokLF;] leqnk; ,oa fodkl esa foKkuLukrdksÙkj-( xate iquokZl izHkkjh vf/kdkjh] dVd dh vij ftyk eftLVªsV]

jkts'k vk;Z] Hkk-iq-lsok ¼1994 % jktLFkku½mifuns'kd ¼o-½vkj-bZ-lh- dq#{ks= esa daI;wVj foKku dk v/;kiu rFkk nwjlapkj foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj esa vkb-Vh-,l- vf/kdkjh ds in ij dk;Z fd;kA Hkk-iq- lsok vf/kdkjh ds :i esa] jktLFkku esa vyoj ,oatks/kiqj ds vij iqfyl v/kh{kd vkSj djkSyh] lhdj] vyoj rFkk dksVk 'kgjksa ds iqfyl v/kh{kdjgsA la;qDr jk"Vª 'kkafr fe'ku ij ,d o"kZ ds fy, dkslksoks ¼iwoZ ;wxksLykfo;k½ x, vkSj 'kkafriz;klksa ds fy, la;qDr jk"Vª ind izkIr fd;kA ;w-,u-,e-vkb-ds- iqfyl dh vksj ls vks-,l-lh-bZdkslksoksbZfuokZpu foHkkx esa lsok dhA ;w-,u- izfrfu;qfDr ls ykSVdj] jktLFkku ds iqfylegkfuns'kd ds LVkQ vf/kdkjh ds :i esa dk;Z fd;kA yk-c-'kk-jk-iz- vdkneh esa mifuns'kd dsin ij uoacj] 2007 esa dk;Zxzg.k fd;kA jktuf;d lqj{kk foHkkx] ;w-,l-,- ls oh-vkb-ih- lqj{kkesa vkrad&fujks/kh lgk;rk dk;ZØe dk izf'k{k.k izkIr fd;k] vkink izca/k lgk;rk dk;ZØe dsrgr ;w-,l-,- dk Hkze.k fd;k] ,u-vkb-,e- mÙkjdk'kh ls ioZrkjksg.k dk cqfu;knh izf'k{k.kizkIr fd;kA fo'ks"k #fp % bZ&xousZU'k] dkuwu&O;oLFkk] jk"Vªh; lqj{kk] vkink izca/kuA orZeku esaus'kuy ;wfuoflZVh vkWQ flaxkiqj esa 1 o"khZ; LukrdksRrj dk;ZØe esa v/;;ujrAjksyh flag] Hkk-iz-lsok ¼1994 % jktLFkku½mifuns'kd ¼o-½1989 esa ysMh Jhjke dkyst ls bfrgkl ¼vkulZ½ fo"k; esa Lukrd rFkk 1991 esa fnYyhfo'ofo|ky; ls bfrgkl fo"k; esa ijkLukrd mikf/kA jktLFkku laoxZ dh 1994 cSp dh Hkk-izlsokdh vf/kdkjhA jktLFkku 'kklu esa dbZ iz'kklfud inksa dk vuqHko] ;Fkk& 1994&98 rdvtesj dh mi izHkkxh; eftLVªsV] 1998&99 rd mi lfpo] foRr] ,oa jktLFkku yksd lsokvk;kx dh lfpoA fu/kZurk mUewyu ¼ftyk fu/kZurk igy ifj;kstuk½ rFkk LokLF; ra= fodkluked fo'o cSad dh nks ifj;kstukvksa dh jkT; ifj;kstuk funs'kd jghaA blds vfrfjDr 2004ls 2007 ds chp djkSyh] nkSlk] vkSj vtesj ftyksa dh ftyk eftLVªsV Hkh jghaA 21-03-20011 dksvdkneh esa dk;Zxzg.k djus ls iwoZ Hkkjr ljdkj ds dkfeZd vkSj izf'k{k.k foHkkx esa 2008 rdfuns'kd ¼lsok,a½ ds in ij dk;Zjr FkhaA #fp ds fo"k;% i;kZoj.k laca/kh eqn~ns] LokLF; {ks=]ckxokuh] v/;;u ,oa fo'ks"kdj iqjkus fganh xhr ,oa xt+ysa lquukA111

MkW- ,l-,p- [kku] Hkkjrh; izfrj{kk laink lsok ¼1991½mifuns'kd ¼o-½ch-,l-lh- ¼tho foKku½ ftlesa #gsy[kaM fo'ofo|ky; esa loksZPp LFkku feyk( fdax tkWtZesfMdy dkWyst] y[kuÅ ls ,e-ch-ch-,l- fd;k ftlesa mRd`"V fu"iknu gsrq ,l-,l-ds- indizkIr fd;k( fdax tkWtZ esfMdy dkWfyt ls ,e-Mh- izFke o"kZ( 1991 esa Hkkjrh; izfrj{kk lainklsok esa dk;Zxzg.k fd;k rFkk fofHkUu LFkkuksa ij lsok dh ;Fkk& izfrj{kk Hkwfe izca/kd( fofHkUujkT;ksa esa fHkUu&fHkUu Nkofu;ksa esa uxjikfydk iz'kkld tSls& izfrj{kk laink vf/kdkjh] d'ehjeaMy( izfrj{kk laink vf/kdkjh( e/; izns'k eaMy( vij izfrj{kk laink vf/kdkjh] ckjkeqyk¼tEew&d'ehj½] eq[; dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh] Jhuxj Nkouh ¼tEew&d'ehj½] 'kkgtgk¡iqj ¼m-iz-½]cjsyh ¼m-iz-½] nsgjknwu Nkouh rFkk nsgw jksM ¼iq.ks½] Nkouh ¼egkjk"Vª½A jsuokVj gkosZfLVax]xSj&ijaijkxr ÅtkZ lalk/ku rFkk foRrh; izca/ku ij ,u-vkbZ-Mh-bZ-,e- fnYyh esa izf'k{k.k fy;kAus'kuy ,dsMeh vkWQ gkWfLiVy ,MfefuLVªs'ku] ubZ fnYyh ds vkthou lnL;A yk-c-'kk-jk-izvdknehesa mifuns'k ds in ij ekpZ] 2006 esa dk;Zxzg.k fd;kA #fp ds {ks=& LokLF; lacaf/krfo"k; rFkk lkoZtfud LokLF; izca/ku] ljdkjh Hkwfe ij vfrØe.k ls fuiVuk] Hkkjr esa izfrj{kkHkwfe izca/ku] jk"Vªh; lqj{kk ds lanHkZ esa flfoy&lSu; laca/k] Hkkjr esa 'kgjh izca/ku rFkkuxjikfydk iz'kklu] iz'kklfud tokcnsgh rFkkk lwpuk dk vf/kdkj vf/kfu;eArstohj flag] Hkk-iz-lsok ¼1994 % iatkc½mifuns'kd ¼o-½tUefrfFk& 27-11-1970- f'k{kk& ;knfoUnj ifCyd Ldwy] p.Mhx

[ksyuk] laxhr ,oa dykA ljdkjh {ks= ds fo"k; & yksd foRr rFkk fu;kstu] LokLF;] i;ZVurFkk fojklr laj{k.kA p.Mhx

¼½MkW- vydk ,- dqyd.khZvdkneh esa Hkk"kk vuqns'kd ds in ij 1986 esa dk;Zxzg.k fd;kA ,e-,-] ,e-dkWe-] 'kks/kjr] 3iqLrdsa fy[kh gSaAvj'kn ,e- uUnu,e-,- ¼mnwZ½] ,e-fQy- ¼ekuo Hkk"kk&foKku½( vdkneh esa 09-8-1990 ls mnwZ vkSj iatkch Hkk"kk dsvuqns'kdA,- uYyklkehenqjS dkejkt fo'ofo|ky;] enqjS ls Hkk"kk foKku eas LukrdksRrj mikf/kA LukrdksRrj v/;;uds nkSjku ,d o"khZ; mUur rsyqxq Hkk"kk ikB~;Øe laiUu fd;kA enqjS dkejkt fo'ofo|ky; esalu~ 1984 ls 1986 rd mM+hlk esa eqaMk ifjokj dh ,d tutkrh; vfyf[kr Hkk"kk ^lokjk* dso.kZukRed O;kdj.k ij 'kks/k gsrq fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx Qsyksf'ki ls lEekfurA dsanzh;Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk laLFkku] eSlwj esa lu~ 1986 ls 1989 rd vuqla/kku lgk;d ds in ij dk;Z fd;kA^^lokjk Hkk"kk dk o.kZukRed O;kdj.k** dh jpuk dh rFkk lu~ 1989 esa mM+hlk esa cksyh tkus okyhtqvkax Hkk"kk ij dk;Z fd;kA nzfoM+ Hkk"kkvksa ds /ofu foKku rFkk okfXed Lou foKku ij dk;Zfd;k rFkk bu fo"k;ksa ij dsanzh; Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk laLFkku] eSlwj esa ys[k izdkf'kr fd;kA lu~1986&1989 ds nkSjku lsrq ikB~;Øe ds :i esa mM+hlk ds lokjk tutkfr ds cPpksa gsrq izkFkfediqLrdsa rS;kj dhaA dukZVd ljdkj dh ikB~;iqLrd lfefr ds lnL; pqus x, rFkk lu~1987&1989 ls lnL; ds :i esa dk;Z djrs jgsA lu~ 1993 esa dukZVd ljdkj }kjk d{kk 6 rFkkd{kk 9 gsrq vki }kjk fyf[kr rfey ikB~; iqLrd ^^rfey Hkkjrh** dk izdk'ku djk;k x;kAf}rh; Hkk"kk f'k{k.k] eq[;r% dk;Zfof/k ij dk;Zjr gSaA vdkneh esa rfey vkSj rsyqxq vuqns'kd ds:i esa fnlacj] 1989 esa dk;ZHkkj xzg.k fd;kAMkW- Hkkouk iksjokyfoKku Lukrd] iSFkWyksth vkSj ck;ksdsfeLVªh esa ih-th- fMIyksek ¼th,elh] ukxiqj½( Lukrd]LukrdksRrj ¼fgUnh½( fo".kq izHkkdj dh dgkfu;ksa ij 'kks/kdk;Z] ch-,M-( ßu;s thou ewY;ksa dks114

yk'krh ubZ dgkuhÞ fo"k; ij ukxiqj ;wfuoflZVh ls ih,p-Mh( caxykSj ;wfuoflZVh ls fgUnhvuqokn esa ih-th- fMIyksekAvdkneh esa flrEcj] 2001 esa dk;ZHkkj xg.k fd;kA fganhrj ,oa fganh Hkk"kh izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks Hkhfganh Hkk"kk dk v/;kiuAdk;Z vuqHko % xouZeSaV esfMdy dkWyst] ukxiqj rFkk dsanzh; frCcrh Ldwy] dukZVd esa 1997 lsvxLr] 2001 rd ck;ksdSefLV ,oa iSFkWyksftLV ds rkSj ij dk;Z fd;kA izfrfu;qfDr ij tuw2007 ls twu 2010 rd jk"Vªh; iqfyl vdkneh] gSnjkckn esa dk;Z fd;k tgka fganh vuqns'kd lgfganh vf/kdkjh ds vfrfjDr] cqfu;knh ,oa ojh; ikB~;Øeksa ds iz'kklu vf/kdkjh ¼izf'k{k.k½ dknkf;Ro fuoZgu fd;kA f}rh; Hkk"kk ds rkSj ij fganh dk;Z'kkyk,a vk;ksftr dh( fganh okf"kZdLekfjdk ¼twu 2007 & twu 2010½ dk laiknu fd;k rFkk jk-iq- vdkneh] gSnjkckn ds eq[;lekjksgksa esa fganh mn~?kksf"kdk dh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZAMkW- nythr dkSjdq#{ks= fo'ofo|ky; ls ,e-, ¼fganh½] ,e-fQy- rFkk ih&,p-Mh( dq#{ks= fo'ofo|ky; lsdk;kZy; izca/k vkSj lfpoky; izf'k{k.k esa fMIyksek rFkk mnwZ esa izek.ki= ikB~;ØeA nf{k.k Hkkjrfganh izpkj lHkk] psUuS ls fganh vuqokn esa ih-th-fMIyksek( uoacj] 1989 esa x`g ea=y; ds jktHkk"kkfoHkkx dh fganh f'k{k.k ;kstuk esa izk/;kfidk ds in ij dk;Zxzg.k fd;k rFkk psUuS ,oa tEew esalsok dhA fganh izk/;kfidk ds :i esa] dsanz ljdkj@lkoZtfud bdkb;ksa@cSad deZpkfj;ksa dksfganh fl[kk jgha FkhaA vdkneh es 06 Qjojh] 2006 dks lgk;d vkpk;Z] fganh dk inxzg.k djusls iwoZ] jktHkk"kk foHkkx esa lgk;d funs'kd ds in ij FkhaA bl le; us'kyu dkmafly QkWjizWeks'ku vkWQ mnwZ ySaXost] ubZ fnYyh ls mnwZ Hkk"kk esa fMIyksek dj jgh gSaAds- cztHkk"kh fla?kk,e-,-¼vaxszth½ ,e-,e- ¼Hkk"kk&foKku½( vdkneh esa vlfe;k rFkk ef.kiqjh Hkk"kk ds vuqns'kd dsin ij vxLr] 1994 esa dk;Zxzg.k fd;kA vlfe;k esa iqu'p;kZ ikB~;Øe fd;k rFkk f}rh; Hkk"kklh[kus okyksa ds fy, "The Basic structure of Assamese Grammar", "Spoken Assamese","Let's Learn Manipuri" rFkk "The Cultural Aspects of Assamese and Manipuri" fy[kkAvdkneh esa vlfe;k] ef.kiqjh rFkk ukxk Hkk"kk,a fl[kkrs gSaA115

lkSnkfeuh Hkw;kamRdy fo'ofo|ky; ls mfM+;k lkfgR; esa LukrdksRrj rFkk ch-,M- vkSj fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; lsrqyukRed lkfgR; esa "Kanci Kaveri in Oriya and Bengali" fo"k; ij ,e-fQy-A Hkkjrh;Hkk"kk foHkkx] ubZ fnYyh ls caXkyk Hkk"kk esa izek.ki= ikB~;ØeA Qsyksf'ki% Hkkjr ljdkj dslaLd`fr ea=ky; esa nks o"kksZa rd "Kanci Kaveri and Growth of Hindu Consciousness" fo"k;ij ofj"B v/;srko`fRrA izdk'ku% fganh ls mfM+;k esa vuqokn% eUuw HkaMkjh ds vkids caVh dk]izdk'kd% if'pek] chch,lvkj( lqjsUnz oekZ dk eq>s pkan pkfg,] izdk'kd% lkfgR; vdkneh] ubZfnYyh( caXkyk ls mfM+;k vuqokn% vk'kkiw.kZ nsoh dh Jc.kh] dknafcuh] chch,lvkj( cky lkfgR;%cStw ekek] lksu igkM+h] us'kuy cqd VªLV] ubZ fnYyhA fn'kk izdk'ku ds fy, 25 cky iqLrdksa dkvuqokn fd;kA dgkfu;ka% mfM+;k dgkfu;ka fy[krh gSa rFkk fganh] caxyk] vaxzsth vkSj mnwZdgkfu;ksa dk caxyk esa lqpfjrk] >adkj vkSj dknafcuh tSlh if=dkvksa ds fy, vuqokn djrh gSaAizeq[k ys[kdksa ij vkys[k% ts-ih- nkl ij izfrcs'kh ¼dksydkrk½] fd'kksjh pj.k nkl ij ¼e`R;qys[k½bafM;u fyVªspj] ubZ fnYyhA lekpkji=ksa esa ys[k% mfM+;k nSfud lekt vkSj izxfroknh esaAMkW- oh- eqfÙkueB ¼ey;kye ,oa dUuM+½dukZVd fo'ofo|ky;] /kkjokM ls dUuM+ esa ,e-,-] ,e-fQy vkSj Hkk"kkfoKku esa ,e-,-] ih-,p-Mh-A "Cognates among Tamil and Kannada : A Critical Analysis" ij vuqla/kku gsrq;wfuoflZVh fjlpZ LdkWyjf'ki izkIrA ;s Hkkjr ds nf{k.kh Hkkx esa cksyh tkus okyh nf{k.k nzfoM+ifjokj dh Hkk"kk,a gSaA dukZVd fo'ofo|ky; ds ;w-th- dkWyst esa 2001&06 rd vfrfFkO;k[;krk jgs gSaA "Monesties of Veerashaiva of Badami Taluq" ij ,e-fQy fd;k vkSj "ALinguistic Analysis of Veerashaiva of Technical Terms" ij ,d 'kCndks'k rS;kj fd;k gSAHkk"kk vkSj Hkk"kkfoKku ij dbZ vkys[k fy[ks gSaA gky gh esa dUuM+ Hkk"kk ,oa Hkk"kkfoKku ij"Samaaj Bhashe Samskriti and Jaagatikarna - 2007" ,d iqLrd izdkf'kr dh gSAfuEufyf[kr laLFkkvksa ds vkthou lnL; gSa&Kannada Saahitya Parishad, BangaloreKarnataka History Academy, BangaloreNational Book Trust, New Delhiyk-c-'kk-jk-iz- vdkneh elwjh esa tqykbZ] 2007 ls dUUM+ ,oa ey;kye Hkk"kk ladk; lnL;A116

,e- pØorhZfnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ls ,e-,l&lh-] ,e-fQy- rFkk vkbZ-vkbZ-Vh-] fnYyh] ls ,e-Vsd-A Mh-,l-Vh- ifj;kstuk ds rgr vkbZ-vkbZ-Vh- fnYyh esa ofj"B oSKkfud ds in ij dk;Z fd;kAbysDVªkWfud flLVe~l iatko fyfeVsM] iatkc ljdkj esa mi izca/kd ds in ij dk;Z fd;kA ;w-,u-Mh-ih- ds rgr ;w-ds- rFkk ;w-,l-,- dk Ng ekg dk Hkze.k fd;kA jk"Vªh; lwpuk&foKku dsanzesa 1990 esa dk;Zxzg.k fd;k vkSj ,u-vkb-lh- izf'k{k.k ;wfuV] yk-c-'kk-jk-iz- vdkneh esa rSukrhgqbZA ladk; fofue; dk;ZØe ds rgr bZ-,u-,- isfjl dk Hkze.k fd;kA bl le; ofj"B rduhdhfuns'kd vkSj ,u-vkbZ-lh- izf'k{k.k ;wfuV ds izeq[k ds :i esa vdkneh esa dk;Zjr gSaA jk"Vªh; rFkkvarjkZ"Vªh; if=dkvksa esa dbZ 'kks/k&i=@vkys[k izdkf'krAvktkn flagesjB fo'ofo|ky; ls 1988 esa ,e-,l&lh-¼U;wfDyvj HkkSfrdh½( daI;wVj vuqiz;ksx esa LukrdksÙkjfMIyksekA ekuo lalk/ku fodkl izHkkx] lh,lvkbZvkj] ubZ fnYyh esa ekpZ] 1991 ls fnlacj]1991 rd fjlpZ Qsyks ds :i esa dk;Z fd;kA jk"Vªh; lwpuk&foKku dsanz] lwpuk rFkk lapkjizkS|ksfxdh ea=ky; esa 1991 esa dk;Zxzg.k fd;k vkSj jk"Vªh; lwpuk&foKku dsanz] f'koiqjh ¼e-iz-½ esarSukrh feyhA jk"Vªh; lwpuk&foKku izf'k{k.k ;wfuV esa 2004 esa LFkkukarfjr gksdj vk, vkSj blle; oSKkfud ^lh*@ofj"B iz.kkyh fo'ys"kd ds in ij dk;ZjrA #fp ds {ks= & ys[ku] ;ksxrFkk cSMfeaVuAvejthr flag nÙkgs-ua-cgqxq.kk x

MkW- ch-,l- dkykeq[; fpfdRlkf/kdkjh ¼,u,Q,lth½ lh,p,lbl rSukrh ls iwoZ xzkeh.k LokLF; izf'k{k.k dsanz] utQx

lrh'k cjksghrhu ckj Lo.kZ ind fotsrk( jsyos rFkk ,QlhvkbZ dk izfrfuf/kRo fd;kA ,u,lvkbZ ifV;kykds loksZPp LFkku ,oa Lo.kZ ind fotsrk rFkk jk"Vªh; Lrj ds f[kykM+hA Hkkjrh; fo'ofo|ky;ksadh lefUor Vhe ds lnL; FksAfjlkynkj estj lq[kchj flagjk"Vªifr ds vaxj{kd ny ls izfrfu;qfDr ij vdkneh esa flracj] 2011 esa ?kqM+lokjh vuqns'kd dsin ij dk;Zxzg.k fd;kAcythr flagjk"Vªifr ds vaxj{kd ny ls izfrfu;qfDr ij vdkneh esa 1 Qjojh] 2012 dks lgk;d ?kqM+lokjhvuqns'kd ds in ij dk;Zxzg.k fd;kA119

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