Olive Trees 1902 - Rparchives.org

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C O N T E N T S .Questions of the Hour :A Man More Precious than Gold 1Rev. C. D. TrumbuU, D. D.A Missionary Sermon 353Rev. J. H. Jewell, M. A.Christian's Use of Money 129Rev. J. M. Foster.Christ, the Desire of the Naiions 161Robert E. Speer, Esq.Every Christian a Debtor to the Heathen 65Rev. J. M. Foster.Glory of Christ 193Rev. D. C. Martin, D. D.God's Way of Redeeming the World 289Rev. J. M. Foster.Our Influence 33Rev. R. H. Martin.The Dignity of ServiceOTRev. T. H. Acheson.The Doctrinal Value of Missions 225Rev. J. B. Gilmore.•The Motive Power in Mission Work 25'7Rev. J. E. Latimer.Wanted : A Religion 321Sir WilUam McWorth Young.News of the Churches: Report of Committee on Foreign Missions197'^'^'^°'^°- Eeporl of Board of Foreign Missions. 199Africa. .. .49, 79, 110, 139, 237, 274, 329 Syria, Latakia. .5, 40, 72, 103, 230, 262,Asia Minor, Aintab 138 325, 359" Mersina....7, 44, 103, 135, " Suadia..5, 40, 72, 106, 168, 231265, 295, 325, 360 262, 295, 359China. .8, 45, 76, 108, 136, 173, 236, 269,298, 327, 363 ^T Home.Cyprus. .8, 43, 74, 107, 135, 265, 296, Allegheny, Pa. .15, 50, 79, 111, 176, 238,336, 361 277, 302, 332, 365Extracts 'from Annual Stateraents of tbe Bloomington, Ind 177, 333Missions 203 Blythedale, Pa 140Holland 79 Boston, Mass 51, 80, 239, 365India 48, 78, 176, 274, 300 Cache Creek Mission 239Japan 109, 299, 328 Cedarville, 0 52, 81Madagascar 331 Chicago, IU. 63, 377New Hebrides. .11, 46, 78, 110, 174, 274, Cincinnati, 0 81303, 363 Denison, Kan 16

Glenwood, Minn 366Houston, 111 367Hoplcinton, la 177Kansas City, Kanl^SMorning Sun, la 303New Alexandria, Pa 17New Concord; 0 278New York. . .82, 112, 140, 303, 333. 367Oakdale, HI ...17Parnassus, Pa 113, 334Philadelpbia, Pa 18, 114Pittsburg, Pa 19, 83Report ofCommittee on Home Missions. 210Report of Central Board of Missions. .211Selraa, Ala 114, 141Staunton, HI 53Sterling, Kan. 340St. Louis, Mo 83Syracuse, N. Y 143Utica, 0 83York, N. Y 304Monographs:A Feast at Tak Hing Chau—Miss•Jennie B. Torrence 151A Glorious Lesson 157American Tract Society 154An Unexpected Question 250A Siraple Question 29A Tiraid Woraan's Eeward 317A Visit to the Southern Mission—Bev.G. W. Benn 216A Wise Prescription 125Bible in India 251Bible Institutes—J. W. DUI 377Blessings of Napthali 60BUnd Girls in China 281Central Allegheny Congregation—A ,Year's Eecord—J. W. Sproull, D.D. 56Children of tbe Church—Eev. J. M.Foster .312China 249Chinese Christian's Prayer 252Christ in tbe Psalms 308Clara A. Morton's Funeral—Eev. J.M. Foster....; 373Divine Illumination 378Domestic Scenes in the Suadia Schools—Mrs. Myrta M. Dodds 305Donkey or Woraan—Wbich?—Eev. J.Boggs Dodds 86Dr. George's First Medical Case—J.Maude George, M. D 54Farewell Meeting in Scotland Withthe Missionaries 308Great Heart Loraai — Eev. FrankPaton 279Heroine of the Siege of Pekin 134He Would Not Swear 191How Clocks Opened China for Chrisi. 58How Our Christians Died in NorthChina 182Kwang-Si Eebellion 283Lord's Prayer in Tbirty Languages.. .136Lost His Teraper 318Message frora Tak Hing—Miss JennieB. Torrence 89Missionary Boxes—Eev. J. B. Dodds. 370Missionary Library—Mrs. S. E. WeUs.335Morse's Light 348Needs of a Sabbath School—Miss MayAllen 186Needs of the Sabbatb School from theViewpoint of the Pupil—Miss NannieCaskey 91None So Blind as Tbose Who Won'tSee .252Novelties in Church Entertainment. .284One Province in China 343Only a Boy 348Our Eepresentatives—Mrs. Myria M.Dodds 181Our Senior "Junior"—Mrs. MyrtaM. Dodds 189Presbyterian Mission in Cuba—Eev.A. Waldo Stevenson 118Progress of Missions—Mary E. Fowler25Protestantisra in France 316Fsalra 120—Eev. E. J. Dodds 317Eay Appa—the Eock 135EeUef for the New Hebrides in Sigbt. 93

Sir Eobert Hart on Christian Missions^. 84Stewardship 339Story of Zaneb, the Fellahie Convert—Rev. J. Boggs Dodds 246Suadia Limited 116Suadia Pastor and Four of Our Boys—Mrs. Myrta M. Dodds 152Systematic Beneficence—Eev. J. S.Martin 219Tak Hing Chau—J. Maude George,M. D 88Tak Hing Chau. 148Tarsus, Asia Minor—Eev. E. J.Dodds 241Teacher's Eesponsibility—Miss E. J.Anderson 27The Foundations of Faith—Eev. G.M. Eobb 184The Great Volunteer Convention—Eev. Louis Meyer 144The Missionary, Spirit of the ChristianLife 343The Needle's Eye—Mrs. Myrta M.Dodds 120The Old Psalms 285The Taking of Degrees in the Schoolof Chris'i;—Eev. J. W. F. Carlisle. .179They Live by Faith 282Thirtieth Anniversary of Second BostonChurch—Eev. J. M. Foster... 20True to His Flag 28Tavo Sides to the Question 341Unoccupied Lands ; 376Visit to Tartoos—Miss Mattie ,E.Wylie 335AYhat Can One Man Do ? 286What Language Did Christ Speak?.. 191What's the Matter ?—Rev. J. W.SprouU, D.D 371Woraan's Place in the Upbuilding ofthe Kingdora—Eev. J. W. F. Carlisle123Wonder Working Church—A. T. Pierson,D.D 336Editorial Notes:Notes. .30, 61, 95, 127, 158, 192, 222, 253287, 319, 351, 379Book Notices..31, 62, 96, 128, 160, 234253, 330, 379Treasurer's Vouchers 39, 353A n O f f e r f o r t h e H o l i d a y s ,A MAP of Our MISSION FIELDS for ONEDOLLARand THIRTEEN CENTS to cover postage.This is just halli the cost of production, and any=one wishing to secure a Map at this low figure mustsay, in his order, that it is for himself or his family,and not for a schooi, a society, or a congregation.A Iseful NEW YEAR'S GIFT for Young People.ANY BOY OR GIRL WHO WILL SEND US AN ORDER FORTEN MAPS FOR TEN FAMILIES IN A CONGREGATION,WITH THE MONEY, MAY RETAIN ONE DOLLAR, ANDWILL ALSO RECEIVE Olive Trees FREE FOR 1903.

O L I V E T R K K SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary Work in the Reformed PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. JANUARY, 1902.QUESTIONS OF THE HOUR.A MAN MOEE PEECIOUS THANGOLD.Rev. C. D. Trumbull, D.D., Morning Sun,Iowa.The thirteenth chapter of tbe prophecyof Isaiah is a vision concerning Babylon.At the tirae it was written Babylonwas the oldest, the most populousand the raightiestnation of the world.The capital city, also called Babylon, withits palaces and teraples and hanging gardens,exceeded all other cities in wealthand magnificence. Moreover, with itswalls, so high and so broad, surmountedwith towers, it was impregnable to everyassault of men. Notwithstanding aUthese tbings, that empire, with all itspride and pomp and power, was doomedproud would cease, and the haughtinessof the terrible would be laid low. ThenGod said, "I will make a raan more preciousthan fine gold, even a raanthan the golden wedge of Ophir." Therevised reading is, "I will make a manmore rare than fine gold." The thoughtis that in that day the raen of war wouldbe cut off. Even in that populous nationthe tirae was coraing when raen should hefew, hence "rare," hence "precious."Babylon was a typical nation—typicalof the world powers, typical of haughtiness,of oppression, of raaterialforce.The expression, "mystery Babylon thegreat," found in Eev. 17:5, suggests thematerial power of papal Eorae. We takeBabylon to be a representative of nationsand organizations which rebel againstto overthrow. Tbe prophet in vision God and oppress raen. With these raenforesaw tbe gathering of the forces. He are of little value. They are reraorselesslysaw them marching with standards andsacrificed to advance the raaterialbanners. They knew not that God had interests of those who lord it over them.called thera, yet they would be wiUing Such a state of things shall not alwaysinstruments in His hands to execute His continue. The day is coming when menwUl on a rebellious nation. Tbey wouldgo fortb witb tumultuous noise to do Hisbidding—to waste and desolate the wholeland.shall be prized at their true value.Let us note raore particularly:I. The little value put upon" menIN OUE DAT OF THE WOELD. We speakThe eoming of tbe Medo-Persian of the value put upon them by the worldarmy into Babylon would cause great distress.of power and of greed—the forces whichThere would be faintness and pain dorainate in the affairs of raen. Eelent-and sorrow, fear and anguish. Tbe dayless wars are waged, not for buraanitathatwas eoming would be a day of desolationand of darkness; tbe arrogancy of tbe, rian reasons, but for national glory—toextend national power and ultiraately to

Questions of the Hour.fill the national coffers. Men are slainby bullets and by borabs, and die by diseaseby tens of thousands. Mothers aremourning for sons slain in battle, andrefuse to be comforted, yet how few thereare lo sympathize with thera. How fewto drop a tear at the graves of those eutdown in the beginning of life. The nationsstop not to raourn the slain; thej'"only eall for others, to fill up the depletedranks.The picture of war is not the darkestthat confronts us. War has slain itsthousands, but strong drink has slain itstens of thousands. The liquor power isseeking to dorainate the earth. It wouldplant the saloon in every hamlet and onevery street corner if it could. It sendsits death-dealing mixtures to every quarterof the globe. Hundreds of thousandsare dying every year by reason of strongdrink. Why do men engage in thistrafiic which ruins the bodies and thesouls of their feUows ? Not because theylove them, but that they raay enrichthemselves. Why do governraents licenseand protect the accursed traffic ? Notfor benevolent reasons, but solely forrevenue. Look again at laborers in minesand in raills,in workshops and on railroads,toUiiig for miUionaire capitalistsand corporations at low wages, with fewcoraforts and no hopes of bettering theircondition. Why do wealthy men grindout the lives of their fellow-raen by suchoppressions ? The only answer is. Forgold. Thus raen are of little value in theeyes of their fellow-men. The politicianvalues raan at the price of his vote andthe man of the world at the profit he canmake from his labor. Few care for histemporal interests, and fewer still for thesalvation of his soul. Such are the conditionswhich confront us to-day; yet werejoice in the assurance that sueh conditionsshall not always prevail. The outlookis as bright as the proraises of God,forII. Man is op geeat value in theEYES OP tite Loed. We know this becauseHe has endowed him with an immortalsmd. God has exalted man farabove all other creatures. He has endowedhim with a finer nature and withkeener senses. True, the eagle raay havekeener sight than raan, and the hounda keener sense of sraell; other animalsmay have sorae one sense highly developed,but where can any aniraal be foundwhieh has all the senses so fully developedas man ? Man has wisdom and skill,•\\'liich differentiates him frora every othercreature. Moreover, he has the gift ofspeech. The great gift, so far as his naturalconstitution is concerned, is the giftof an iramortal soul.The doctrine of the imraortality of thesoul has been held and taught from reraoteages. It is clearly proclaimed inthe sacred books of the Hindoos. WhileConfucius did not directly teach it, it isclearly iraplied in his deelaration that"the spirits of the good are perraitted tovisit their ancient habitations on earth."Ancient Egyptians believed that "Osiris,the beneficent god, judges the dead, andhaving weighed their hearts in the scalesof justice, he sends tbe wicked to regionsof darkness, while the just are sentto dwell with the god of light." The ancientPersians held that "the soul passesinto the kingdom of light or of darknessaccording as it has lived on the earth,well or Ul." We know that Socrates andPlato, renowned philosophers of ancientGreece, taught the doctrine of the soul'simraortality. The fact that it has beenso universally aecepted by all nations isan evidence of an innate conviction onthe part of man that deatb does not endall; that when tbe body dies he wih enteranother state, a living sentient being.

Questions of the Hour.This doctrine has always heen beld bythose who have believed in God and inHis Word. Tbe patriarchs believedtheraselves strangers and pilgriras onearth, journeying to another country.They believed that tbeir citizenship wasin Heaven, hence they "looked for a citywhicb hath foundations, whose builderand raaker is God." David knew thatGod bad raade wilh hira an everlastingcovenant, and said, "Into thy hands Icomraend ray spirit." In Ecclesiastes weread, "Then shall the dust return to tbeearth as it was, and the spirit shall returnunto God who gave iti" Jesus saidto the penitent thief, "To-day shalt thoube with rae in paradise." He said again,"My sheep hear My voice, and I knowthera and tbey follow Me, and I give untothera eternal life." Paul bad "a desire todepart and to be witb Christi which isfar better." If the doctrine of the iramortalityof the soul is not directlytaught in all tbese passages, it is at leastclearly iraplied.As God endowed raan witb an iramortalsoul, it is of infinite value. SoJesus expressly taught. He aslced,"What is a raan profited if be shall gainthe whole world and lose bis own soul ?"He who raade raan iraraortal will yetcause raen to see tbat a man is raoreprecious than fine gold.This appears again when we considerthat God gave his only begotten Son toredeem man. Man was a fallen being—had fallen by iniquity. God raight havejustly left hira to perish; yet even fromaU eternity He loved him and sougbt outa way of salvation for hira. Proclaraationwas made, "Whom shall I send, and whowiU go for us?" The Son of God answered,"Here ara I, send Me." Tbecovenant was raade in wbich the Sonrepresented all who were given to Hiraby the Father. In accordance witb thatcovenant the Son of God came to earthin the fuUness of tirae and gave His Ufefor sinful raen. He "carae not to berainistered unto, but to minister, and togive His life a ransom for raany.'" TheFather loved Him, but He spared Himnot. "He was wounded for our transgressions.He was bruised for our iniquities."The price paid for raan's rederaptionwas infinite. The blood of allthe beasts slain in sacrifice from the daysof Adam is not worthy of mention incomparison with the blood of Jesus. Thewealth of all the raiUionaires of earthis a raere bagatelle; one drop of Christisblood exceeds it in value a railliontiraes.God has put far higher value on niaiithan he ever put on hiraself. There wasa tirae when raen were sold on the auctionblock in our fair land. Some broughta thousand dollars; some sold for more;many brought far less. How small thesura corapared with that which God paidfor the rederaption of raan. "Ye werenot redeeraed with corruptible things, assilver and gold, but with the preciousblood of Christ as of a larab withoutbleraish and without spot." When mencome to realize the priee which God haspaid for every redeemed soul they willsee that "a man is more precious thanfine gold."God will yet make man to be valuedabove all else. We have seen how littlevalue is put upon hira as a raan in ourday by the raajorityof his fellows. Thisis true, especially with reference to hissoul's interests. Even professing Christianssee hira lying out in his blood, dyingin his sins, and, like the Priest and theLevite, pass by on the other side. Theysay to themselves—it may be also toothers, "It is no concern of ours that menare perishing. We raust attend to ourown business. We need our wine and ouroU for ourselves. We need our gold and

our silver to buy other farras and to buildother houses; let wbo wUl care for them,we will not." The indifference, the callousness,the raiserlinessof sorae who calltheraselves Christians is sad to conteraplate.There is, however, a brighter pictureto look on, even now. We see raen andworaen who have left comfortable homesand many loving friends, and have gonefortb to labor araong the perishing, bothin horae and foreign fields, and why ? Isit for gold? Ask thera, and they answer,"A single soul which we have led,by God's help, into the Kingdom is moreprecious to us than finegold." The storyof the mother of the Gracci is an old one,but is worth repeating in illustration ofour thought. When asked for her jewelsshe brought forward her sons and said,"These are my jewels." Ask our rais­Questions of the Hour.and they say, "These are our jewels."Thank God, there are some to-day whobelieve that a raan is raore precious thanfine gold. The day is coraing when forone who now believes it, and shows hisfaith by his works, there will be a thousand.The day is coraing when the passionfor souls will be as great as is thepassion for gain to-day; when "a manshall be raore precious than fine gold,even a raan than the golden wedge ofOphir."We need to study these words until weappreciate their full meaning. When wedo we will take a deeper interest in thesouls of the perishing than we now do;we will pray more and labor raore andgive more for the cause of Christ. Somehave large suras in banks seehing investraent.The question with thera is, "Whereshall we invest our raoney to bring thesionaries in the home and the foreign largest dividends?" We would answer,fields, "Where are your jewels ?" and they "Invest in raission work." You can getpoint us to the copper-colored children ofthe West and swarthy sons and daughtersno dividends on stocks and bonds afterdeath, but if you invest in raissionsyourof the South, and the tawny children of works shall follow you. "They that bethe Orient, gathered in chapel and schoolroora, praising God that they have beenbrought to the knowledge of Jesus Christ,wise shall shine as the brigbtness of thefirraaraent, and they that turn many torighteousness as the stars, forever."A truly Christian man grew interested in raissions. At flrst he began to pray,"Lord, save the heathen!" After a time he prayed, "Lord, send raissionariestosave the heathen !/' Later on he prayed, " Lord, if You have not anybody else tosend, send rae!" Then he chano:ed his prayer, "Lord, send rae ; but if You can'tsend me, send somebody ! " Finally, he changed and said, " Lord, send whom ThouwUt; bul help me to pay my sbare of the expenses." Then for the flrsttime theGospel to him became a reality and giving to the missionary cause a pleasure.—Exchange.I should nol like you, if raeant by God to be a great missionary, to die a millionaire.I should nol like it, were you flttedto be a missionary, that you should driveldown into a king. What are all your kings, aU your nobles, aU your diadems, whenyou put them togelher, compared with the dignity of winning souls for Christ, withthe special honor of building for Chrisi, not on another man's foundation, but ofpreaching Christ's Gospel in regions far beyond ?—C. H. Spurgeon.

News of the Churches.N E W S OF T H E C H U R C H E S .ABEOAD.Latakia, Syeia.—A letter from Eev.Jas. S. Stewart, dated Nov. 6, 1901, containsthe following items:We are all well at this writing. * * *Miss Edgar expects to move into her newhouse this week. * * * Our work goes onas usual. Y'esterday we were troubledwith a visit frora a raeraber of tbe (non)educational CouncU, who wanted to knowtbe nuraber and naraes of all the Moslera—i.e., Ansairia—children in ourschools. I told hira that tbe request wasan extraordinary one, and I could notcomply. But he claimed to have specialorders. I asked for a copy, and for tiraeto consult the other raissionaries andthe Consul. Perhaps we may hear nomore from hira, and again, we may haveto give up the "Moslem" children teraporarily.We visited tbe Merzb, specially to seeEahil, a daughter of Daoud. She is verynear her end with spinal disease, andsuffers extreraely. But her faith seerasto be true and strong, and our prayer is,and our strong hope also, that sbe raaywitness a good confession before raany"vritnesses. * * *We have received Olive Teees for October,but no nurabers except that sinceMay. Olher papers share the sarae fate.A letter frora Miss Mattie E. WyUe,written about a week earlier, says, araongother things: "I have sixty girls in tbeboarding school and over forty in theday school. I did not intend to take somany, but there was very great pressure.* * * Tbey are all bright girls, and Istand before thera every raorning andrealize tbat every one has a precious, iraraortalsoul, and ray great desire is thatevery one raay be led to accept theSaviour. What an opportunity, if I iraproveit, to give this raessage I What aprivilege it is!''The boys' school is also full. Andnumbers had to be turned away. * * *"The Sabbath school is, as always, veryinteresting. I stopped at one of theprimary classes as tbe teacher was askingsome review questions. One was, 'Howdid the serpent come into the gardenwben he terapted Eve?' One little boysaid, 'He carae walking, of course.' Iasked hira why he tbought that. Hereplied, 'Why, wasn't he punished by havingalways to creep after that?' Thisanswer showed that he had been thinking,anyway. * * *.''Suadia, Syeia.—The readers of OliveTeees will thank Eev. and Mrs. J. BoggsDodds for the following letter, datedXov. 14, 1901, and the contrast pictures:There will be raany friends of ourwork wbo will remember a very interestingboy, of whom I told them when inAmerica. Mrs. Dodds has contributedhis photograph, which she has taken especiallyfor this sketch. Bul let raesaythat her purpose is to set before the readersof Olive Teees two pictures, as yousee. She had not any photographic apparatuswhen Aeli entered school. Justhere we will aslc the privilege of raakingpublic acknowledgraent to raany goodfriends in Sterling, Kansas, who so kindlydonated a raost excellent caraera,chosen by Mr. Harvey Truesdale, a raostcapable photographer, of Sterling. Ouronly regret about it is tbat she did nothave tbe henefit of his instruction in theart for sorae tirae before leaving Araer-

6 News of the Churches.ica. While thanking them all heartily,we hope their gift will help forward thework. One picture is that of "an applicant"for school privileges. While hisclothes are quite a lot of tatters, he hasraore of them than Aeli had when we receivedhim into school. We have learnedthat his poor parents ^\•ere unable toprovide food for the family sufficient tonourish them. What will become of theraone to do this. The raother said to theboys, "Then there is nothing but lo becoraegoatherds or shepherds!"One bright little fellow looked up atme very appealingly, and laying ray handon his head, I said, "What was David, theKing ?" "A shepherd," was the iramedialereply. "Did God take care of him?"I asked the child. "Yes, the Lord is myShepherd," he said. Poor little fellows!this winter, with food stufi's so very high ?Day after day, our gates are besieged bypoor, starving people. One desperatewoinan brought her two boys, who hadbeen in school five years, and was aboutto leave them whether or no. Persuasionwas useless, so I put my hand into mypocket and gave them each some raoney,and so got rid of them. But, oh, friends,^•ou do not know what trembling it costsMore ragged than the boy in this picture;yet they know the truth. They havetheir gospels and can read thera. I couldnot take thera in, and they are gone backto their teeraing kind and to their poverty.The oldest is not more than tenor eleven. May we hope that the HolySpirit will guide them into the true light?Now look at the other picture. Do younot think that this is a pretty fine face?

We do; and a close acquaintance withhim in our own bome for three raonthsthis suraraer makes us feel that Aeli is avery good boy, and a Christian boy, too.He wanted to have his "otber suit" on,bul we wanted him as he was. Mrs.Dodds called bim from among the workmenwho were busy on the house, andhad hira stand for bis photo. So here isAeli. Last year he was in tbe Latakiaschooh where he studied a part of thetime and a part of the time workedat learning tbe shoemaker's trade. WeNews of the Churches.had hoped to have him in scbool againthis year, but be is not. During vacation,last July, his chance to work at his tradefailed hira. So be came back bere toSuadia, only to find bis few relationsvei'y bitler against him—so bitter thathe could bave no peace araong them. Welet him come to the scbool yard, wberehe made hiraself useful at anything andeverything that was to be done. He saidto rae one day, "I want to go baclc toLatakia to try to get another chance atmy trade. Tbere is notbing but persecutionhere. My friends are all ray enemies.I have only a few cents left.What shaU I do ?" "My son," said I inreply, "it is a long, weary journey toLatakia." "But I can walk," be saidbravely. "Suppose you did walk all theway; how can you live there until youget work?" "Tbe Lord will provide,"he answered. "True," said I, "but wemust not terapt the Lord; better to workour way." "1 ara ready for anything,"said he. We could not resist so plain aduty. We told hira to come with us andwork during the summer. He did, andworked faithfully. I paid him his wages.He took his little bundle of clothes on astick and trudged over tbe raountains,that long, weary road to Latakia. Hehas been provided with food and lodgingand a chance to work at his trade, shoeraaking.He was a FeUab castaway. Theschool opportunities have not been invain. He is a baptized raeraber of ourChurch.Let every one in whora is the constraininglove, pray for Aeli; not for hiraalone, but for other converted boys, thatthey raay be true to our Lord.Aeli is about fourteen. May the Lordraake use of hira for the gospel work.Meesina, Asia Minoe.—Under date ofOcti 31, 1901, Eev. E. J. Dodds writes:We are all well, and our work is goingon raore or less encouragingly in Mersina,Tarsus, Adana and the Auba, especiallythe last place. You know how hard theFellaheen are to reach with the gospel.But the people of the Auba, raany of theraare very anxious to learn all they canabout it, and are becoraing considerablycivilized through its infiuence.The following iteras are taken frora aleiter written two weeks later:I believe ray brother and his wife arebappy in Latakia, and I pray God theymay be given grace and wisdom. Oneraust be winning to ^vin souls. It is oneof the raost iraportant quaUfications of araissionary, and a hard one to cultivate inour surroundings.Yesterday I visited a chiftlik twelverailes frora here, where two of our woraenfrora Tarsus are eraployed to bake, cook,railk, etc. Both are widows. The youngerhas with her a little girl about three yearsold. Tliree generations are represented.The two woraen have to toil like slaves,and nevertheless appear happy. The secretis Christ is witb thera. They are goodworaen; they have the Bible with them.The younger is a forraer pupil of MissSterrett's, and got just about the araountof education that, aecording to ray observation,is raosthelpful to people in this

8 News of the Churches.country at present—naraely, enough toenable thera to read God's word in theirown language. This woman teaches herlittle girl her prayers and questions, andreads to her mother every evening and onthe Sabbath days. No doubt lhey exert agood influence in their hurable sphere ontheir eraployer, who is a bigoted Maronite,and on the farm hands, of whom there areabout ten, all Catholics of some papalsect. They are all from Mosul, and, ofcourse, speak Arabic. I tried to arrangefor a meeting to preach to thera, but theiremployer will not allow them to leavetheir plowing and sowing, either Sabbathor week day, for anything but inclementweather. As it was a wet day, I raet themall, but had no opportunity to get themtogether. I had, however, a little religiousconversation with them.I visited also another chiftlik, where Ifound several who understood Arabic, butthey said they could not read Arabic.They also were papists.Under date of Nov. 22, 1901, Miss Mc­Naughton writes as follows in regard tothe boys' school:The enrollment is 120—65 boarders and55 day pupils. There are 25 FeUaheen, 2Moslems, 4 Jews, 16 Syrians, 3 Arraeniansand 10 Protestants. The rest are Greeks.The raajorityof the boys are frora Tarsus,Adana and the villages. Thirty-five ofthe boarders have had fever since the openingof school, and fifteen have beenafflicted with sore eyes. Death has claimedtwo of our day pupils. This is the firsttime I've been called to part with any ofthe boys by death since coraing to Mersina.A number of boys spent their leisuretime during the suraraer vacation readingthe Bible to those who could not read.This week I have had a number of visitsfrom Fellaheen women. They like tobring their babies, sit in mv roora andlisten to the boys reciting. They cannotread theraselves, and I make il a point tbtell the boys as raany valuable stories aspossible, that these woraen raay profit too.Cypeus.—A leiter frora Eev. HenryEasson, written at Beirut, Nov. 23, 1901,reports the rapid iraproveraent of Mrs.Easson's health, and that the physicianshad given perraission to return home bythe first stearaer, whicb was to sail inthree days.China.—In a letter frora West Eiver,Oct. 31, 1901, Eev. A. I. Eobb says:We arrived in Hong Kong just in timeto get the Friday evening boat for Canton.A letter raet us at Shanghai from Mr.Ward, inviting us to corae to the U. B.Mission, whicii we did, and ray family andthe young ladies are staying there whileI make a run to Tak Hing to see if thingsare so that we can all go up at once or not.The next ,day Mr. Eobb was able tosend the following good news from TakHing Chau:The people in the city, as I passedthrough it, were friendly, and I recognizeda great raany. When I got to the house Ifound two men standing guard over theproperty. The two we left there had goneto Singapore, and these had taken theirplace. As the raen bad been changed andraany things bad been necessarUy leftloose, I feared to find raany things gone.But when I took the list raade out fifteenmonths ago and went over the whole property,I found nothing raissing but astereoscope and pictures that a Chinesehad left in ray hands. I confess that mydelight is scarcely equal to ray amazementat the care taken of the place duringmy absence, and that at sorae cost,for at one time the life of the twomen was threatened so seriously that

News of the Churches. 9they bad to appeal to Mr. Ward toask protection for thera. * * * Thjgafternoon A. Flo, as we call ber, carae in.She says sbe bas worshipped the HeavenlyFather during the whole year, and He basprotected ber and given ber peace. Itested her a little, and she at once repeatedthe Lord's Prayer and the chilofForeign Missions, in New York, Tuesday,Nov. 26, 1901, Eev. J. K. Eobb, ofLa Junta, Colo., was appointed missionaryto China. Soon after the adjournmentof Synod he had volunteered his servicesfor that field, and, having furnisbedthe necessary certificates and testiraonials,he was coraraissioned as associate of hisdren's prayer for morning and evening, aswe had taught tbe poor old creature twoyears ago. She is looking remarkably welland happy, and signified ber willingnessto be baptized whenever we tbink herready.At the bi-monthly meeting of the Boardbrother in Tak Hing. Arrangements willbe raade for bis departure with bis familyearly in tbe auturan of 1902.A letter frora Eev. A. I. Eobb, datedNov. 6, 1901, reports himself and familyat Tak Hing Chau. "Arrangeraents," hewrites, "were raade for Dr. George and

10 News of the Churches.Miss Torrence to stay at the home of Mr.C. A. Nelson in Canton for a couple ofraonths, until we get a little inore roorathan the old house affords. In the raeantiraethey can be getting a start at thelanguage under good conditions."Mr. Eobb has been kind enough to sendOlive Teees a photograph of the two menand the dog that were on guard when hereturned to the field. The churches willbe glad to see the faces of two honestChinese. "The men," writes the missionary,"were in ray eraploy before we left,and I disraissed thera when the workstopped last year. They have served usfaithfully at sorae cost to themselves inpersecution and threatening. And theChurch has suffered no loss that I can discover."The one raan, however, on whom Mr.Eobb placed most reliance turned out badly,and on exaraining the family effects hefound some articles missing. The raanis also raissing. "But,'' he writes, "thetotal value will not foot raore than twentyfivedollars, whieh is nothing to cry over."Sorae raonths ago the Board passed aresolution thanking Mr. H. E. Fraser, theBritish Con,sul at Hankow, for his servicesto the mission at the time of thc disturbanceslast year. In acknowledging theresolution Mr. Fraser says: "The raoderationand justice that mark all clairas putforward by the London Mi.ssionary Society'sraembers at Hankow, and theeminent knowledge of the Chinese, andsyrapathy with their jiosition, that arearaong the great qualities of Dr. GrifiithJohn, have not only rendered my advocacyforcible, but have won the esteem andconquered the prejudices of the nativeofficials. In several cases snccess has resultedsiraply from bringing Dr. Johnand the local authorities into personalcomraunication. Flis inforraation as tothe feeUng of the people and the local actionof raagistrates in neighboring districtsis of incalculable benefit to HisMajesty's Consul. I rejoice that Hunan isnow open to tbe Society's workers, and Ianticipate with absolute confidence excehlent resuUs frora this opening. It shall beray earnest endeavor to aid in the extensionof the Society's work in Central Chinaas a means of removing Chinese prejudiceagainst foreigners, and of raising the peopleto a higher plane of raorality and conduct."—LondonChronicle.The Missionary Herald, in giving anaccount of the re-opening of Shansh reportsa most remarkable journey Ihroughthe province. As the raissionary partyapproached the great gate of Tai-yuen-fu,they were raet by carts three railesout,sent by the officials for their reception.They exchanged their litters for thesecarts, which, with their caravan, stretchedout upon the plain for half a raOe. Acorapany of soldiers with banners and withtrurapets, whose blare had announcedtheir approach and departure at eachplace, opened ranks to allow thera to passthrough, and at the great gate of the citythey descended from the carts to salute therailitary comraander of the post. Thenreraounting, thej' rode through the sea ofpeople gathered on ±he plain to see theirofficials apologize to the foreigners. Havingarrived at the court, and havingsaluted the officials and scholars andgentry, they WQm welcoraed into a largereception hall, put up especially for thatoccasion. They were pressed into theseats of honor, while the officials tookhurable seats near the door. An officerthen addressed thera in EngUsh, sayingtbey were exceedingly sorry for the affairof last yenr and hoped it raight never occuragain. The officials are not onlywilUng, but anxious, to grant civil and

eligious liberty to the native Christians,and to treat tbem in every respect on anequal fooling with other citizens.The thirty-four missionaries who werekiUed last year were buried with highesthonors. An avenue of banners twenty feethigh, one for each of the raartyrs, bothehildren and adults, raade a striking effect.Nuraerous wreaths of beautiful flowerswere presented by tbe high officials. Tothe notes of military music a corapany of250 foreign-drilled infantry led the procession.This was followed by a corapanyof cavalry. Then followed the highofficials in sedan chairs; then the ninemissionaries, also in sedan chairs. Thefirst stop was at the place of execution. Aplatforra had been erected on the exactspot where the raissionaries had been beheaded.Great masses of people throngedthe street and listened attentively to anaddress in Chinese, the reading of Scripturebearing on the resurrection, and aprayer. Then the procession raarched onthrough the city and out of the east gateto the new cemetery that had just beenfitted up in obedience to the iraperialedict. After the officials retired, a sirapleChristian burial service was conducted bythe raissionaries,assisted by the nativepastors. On their return they were invitedto call on the governor, and found alunch spread. The Araerican was given aseat of honor at the Governor's side.Ne'W Hebeides.—In a private letterfrom Kew, AustraUa, dated Oct. 18. 1901,Dr, John G. Paton writes that his healthis much improved so far as the giddinessand pain in his head are concerned, butthat his baek continues very weak, and"my legs," he saj's, "seem as if they ^\•o\\\Anever recover their strength and activity."Yet, with characteristic grit and energy,he has carried a book of 153 hymnsthrough the press, and is now engaged inNeios ofthe Churches. 11having printed in the Aniwan languagethe Assembly's Shorter Catechisra withproofs. "I hope," he says, "this catechisra,as on Aneityura, will also deepen thespiritual knowledge of the Aniwans." Andthen he adds, "I do feel so thankful to Godthat when during my illness I have beenconfined to the house unable for publicmissions and church work, I have generallybeen able to keep at my writing andtranslating."Dr. Paton has also been kind enough lotranscribe, for the readers of Olive Teees,the following paragraphs from the TannaLenakel News by his son, Eev. F. H. L.Paton, B.D.:"On the 18th of July, 1901, we had amemorable gathering at Lemakis, ouryoungest station. Neropo, our teacherthere, has just finished a fine new ehureh,and all the worshippers were invited tothe opening meeting. A great companyof people asserabled frora all quarters, andthere was a good sprinkling of heathenaraong them. The churcli stands on thesite of the old heathen Kava house. Araongthe raany addresses given, the raost iraportantwere those of Loraai and Neropo.Loraai urged the people 'not to do toNeropo what the people of Nazareth didto Jesus Christ, and rejected his teachingbeeause he had eorae back to teach hisown people. Neropo was once the sarae as}'ou are now, but he is not now. He hasgot a new thing in his heart which youhave not got. He has got the living word ofthe living God, and he coraes to you withit as the messenger of Jesus Christ. Saynot "He is one of ourselves, why shouldwe listen to him ?" But say, "He is God'steacher corae to tell us God's word." Obeyhis teaching and you will find life, eternallife, through Jesus Christ.'"Neropo said: 'Long ago I lived in theold fashion, and ray heart was full of badness.Then I went to Queensland and

12 News of the Churches.heard the word of Jesus. I carae baclcand tried to worship God, but the oldfashion was too strong for me, and I wentback into the darlcness. Then Jesus calledme, and I heard Hira say to rae, "Go toLenakel and learn to be a teacher," and Ileft you .and went to Lenakel. A fewraonths ago again Jesus called rae andsaid, "Go back as a teacher of My wordlo your own people." I carae and builtmy own house, and then I built thischurch, and now I stand before you notbecause ray heart is good—not beeause Iara better than you—^but I stand here becauseI have sinned, and am sorry for raysins, and because I trust in Jesus to takeaway ray sins. I corae because Jesus toldrae to corae, and I call upon you all to besorry for your sins, and lo trust in Jesusto take away your sins and give you life.'At tbe close of the service Neropo and hispeople raade a feast for all the visitors."A few days after this we were saddenedby hearing of four persons havingbeen shot inland. Two of thera were youngchiefs."On the 27th of July last Loraai andlavis and a large party sailed to spend theSabbath at Lopilpil. A large crowdgathered in the church, and they had greatjoy in the services. They relurned on theMonday with raingled news of good andevil. They heard two shots dischargedwhen they were in the church. An oldworaan too frail to go lo the church wasleft alone in her village, and when herdaughter, a young woraan, returned boraeafter the services, she found her raotherdead. One of the balls had been shotthrough her head, and her body hackedwith an axe and dragged through ashesby tbe murderer, and since then the nativesbave been unable to discover the raurderer.Tbe worshippers are grieved, butresolved to let nothing frighten thera froraholding to the worship."Another heathen affair ended also badlyon Tanna. A heathen proposed marriageto a widow. She refused hira on theground that he had already several wives.His answer was a bullet."A young heathen frora Neropo's tribethe other day ran off with a young womanfrom another tribe, whose husband is inQueensland. The woraan's father cameacross Neropo's wife and anoiher womanon the track, and savagely attacked them,bul lhey dropped their basket loads andescaped into the bush. Neropo, not knowingwhat had happened, went to the man'svillage to conduct a religious service. Theraan wanted to shoot hira, but Neropochallenged hira to lay any evil charge athis door. He said to the enraged father:'What mark [brand] has the raan who ranaway "with your daughter? He has thesarae raark that you have—the raark ofheatbenisra. Whal raark bave I? Theraark of the worship. Can you lay any suchconduct as this upon any one who bearsthe raark of the worship ?' The man confessedthat he could not. Then jumpingup he said, 'I was angry. I have just comefrora attacking your wife, but you havespoken truly, and my anger is gone. Letus worship together.' After the serviceNeropo went home and bunted.for therunaway couple. They found them nextday, and the young scoundrel wanted foshoot his brother's wife for scolding him.However, his partner in guilt becameafraid and ran away borae. On gettingto her village she seized a gun and triedto shoot herself, but her father snatchedit out of her hands. Then his anger blazedup afresh and he discharged it at her.Fortunately he raissed, and she escaped tothe bush. Several of the Christian partyand sorae children bave been shot in thatdistriet, and also from another stationword comes of tvfo jealous native Chrislianevangelists having been shot dead.

News of the Churches. 13"On the 17th of August the steamercame, and to our amazement the captainsaid il was too rough to land the woodneeded for our bouse. We showed bimhow much it meant to us to have the workdelayed for a raonth, but be was obdurate,and we felt sorely disappointed, as whatsea there was steadily went down all day.However, we bad to grin and bear it andface a raonth's delay in tbe best season ofthe year for house building."On tbe 18lb of August we bad ourcomraunion services. All the previousweek corapanies arrived from the outstations,and we had special services everyday,and on tbe Friday and Saturday eveningswehadmagic lantern exhibitions. Severalraerabersof the class who had falleninto sin under teraptations decided to utterlycast off the old life, and in Clirist'sstrength to begin anew. It was a tiraeof quickening and deepening. Tbe communionservice was a raeraorable one.Over 360 people were craramed into thechurch, and it was truly a raoving sigbt tosee the two elders carrying round thesacred eleraents, specially when there arosein our minds the picture and condition ofthe same men in naked heathenism a shorttime before. Truly the gospel of Christis a marvelous power. Our wonder growsthe deeper tbe more we see of it. One ofthe happiest features of the whole gatheringwas tbat five couples and one manoffered themselves to be trained as teachers,and even wbile under training thesemen and woraen will be a power for goodon the island. To translate the Scripturesand train native teachers and preachersalways seems to me to' be tbe most importantand fruitful work any missionarycan do. Of late our health has not beenvery good. Pray for us, our converts andwork."To these extracts Dr. Paton .adds:"About five years ago, without knowinga word of their language, and withouta bouse, this raissionary, bis wife,helper and two nalive teachers were left inlents on the shore on Tanna to work theirway as they best could under Divine guidancearaong its savage cannibals, who wereall without clothing, and the above lettershows the wonderful work and power ofthe teaching of Jesus Cbrist, in so shorta period araong thera. Truly it is yet thepower of God unto salvation to all whobelieve its teaching."Dr. Paton raailed us with his letter thefollowing Appeal frora the General Asserablyof the Presbyterian Church of Australia,through its Foreign Mission Board,to President Eoosevelt:To FIis Excellency, Colonel TheodoreEoosevelt, President of the UnitedStates of Araerica.May it please your Excellency to allowus, the Board of Missions, on behalf of thePresbyterian Church of Australia, raostearnestly to plead with you and throughyou with the Senate and Congress of theUnited States of Araerica, as we have alreadydone by our missionary, Eev. JohnG. Paton, D.D., to use your influence withthem to pass a law prohibiting Americansubjects who are traders resident on theNew Hebrides, South Sea Islands, froragiving the natives in trade or barter, intoxicatingliquors, opiura, dynaraite, araraunitionand firearms,as Britain has donewith her traders there for many yearspast, in the inlerest of huraanity. Whitetraders from the United States of Amerieaand frora all other nations force thesedemoralizing life-destroying agencies uponthe natives with ruinous effects.The report of tbe Mission Synod, whichhas just closed its Assembly for this year,says: "French settlers on Paaraa Islandare pouring drink into it, and tbis drinkis doing raore than anything else to ruiu

14 News of the Churches.Sir Harry Johnston, in reporting to theBritish Parliament the condition andprospects of Uganda, bears impartialtestimony to the value of Christian missionsin C'entral Africa, the results ofwhich are described as "most satisfac­the natives of that island; and frora otherislands the sarae report is heard. OnSakau a woman and two men were landed.Their trade is a mere pretence, except ingrog, which they are pressing upon thenatives in large quantities." On most ofthe other islands traders frora Americaand other nations are doing the same.The traffic not only causes much bloodshedand loss of life among the natives,but is a very great hindrance to the workof Christianizing and civilizing about 60,-000 savage cannibals yet on this group.A nuraber have lost their hands andothers their lives by the unskillful use ofdynamite. Word has just come of theleading man of Aniwa ha\iiig lost hishand by dynamite, and of his having bledto death.France has said that if America willunite in this prohibition, she also willunite in it. But if not, in the interest ofhumanity we most earnestly plead withyour ExceUency to place, by law, Americantraders on the New Hebrides underthis rauch-needed prohibition.And your petitioners will ever pray,T. E. Cairns,'ConvriiP.r for tlie Board of Missions of thePresbyterian Churcli of .iustralia.Petitions to the same effect have been.sent to the President, of the Senate andthe Speaker of the House of Representatives,and copies have been forwarded to tory."Hon. J. Hay, Secretary of State : SenatorsGiUet and Lodge, and Dr. AV. P. Crafts,of the Eeform Bureau, AA'ashington, D. C.Africa.—A recent letter, reporting thearrival of a consignment of Bibles toUganda, reveals a great desire on the partof the people to secure copies:"The new Bibles have come and areselling like wildfire, and in spite of thealraost prohibitive price, the first editionis alraost entirely exhausted. The Mugandahas a keen appreciation of goodprint and binding, and to see himhandling his books or bandaging themwith strips of calico when he has finishedusing them "MOuld delight a book lover.In order that the Bibles raight get asquickly as possible into the hands of theteachers, who so sorely need thera, thebishop deterrained to reduce the price ofthe cheapest to two months' wages forthose teachers who had already taught ayear, and to three months' wages for aslightly better quality. This would seemdear enough to Christians in England, butthe very day the news was given out, agreat crowd of teachers fairly danceddown to j\lr. Millar's house to have theirnames written down for a 'Holy Book,'shouting and singing with such beamingfaces. They came as we were walkingalong frora the prayer meeting, andcrowded round the bishop, kneeling at hisfeet, crying, 'Joy, joy! God be praised,God be praised!' Sorae of thera quilebroke down. It brought a lurap to one'sthroat.'"'"It has become of late," he writes,"somewhat the "fashion to lay stress rather •on the evUs than on the benefits resultingfrom the establishraent of European controlover native races, and it is thereforesatisfactory to learn that the benefits uithe case of Uganda are very real and fullyappreciated by the natives themselves,who have a lively reraerabrance of thehorrors enacted under their native rulers."The Journal des Mis.sions Evangeliquesthus replies to an objection that money

Neios of the Churches.and life spent on the Zambesi Mission hadbeen wasted: "To serve the Lord, whetberon the Zambesi or at bome, is to know thefellowship of His sufferings. Since in thislife Jesus and His cross are inseparable,is it not a Divine grace to have thera botb ?M. CoiUard hoped that the King (Lewanika)would soon be converted; on thecontrary, be is still a heathen. Many conchidefrora this that he is too hardened,"and that one ought to cease to pray forhira. But if be is not converted, Lewanikais strangely changed. Tbe social reforraswhich he bas introduced are nuraerous;his feelings have become refined, be haslearned to syrapathize with us, and he hashelped us, and has been a real instrumentol God. And then tbere are our ZarabesiChristians, wbo forraerly were cruel,vicious, and ignorant heathen; there arethe woraen who labor in evangeUzation;there is the King's son, who is a convert;and the King's Chief Minister, who strivesfor the triuraph of the gospel. And thereis Mokwae, the Queen of the Nalolo, wbosecrimes in former days we have ofteii heardabout, and wbo now gathers the v\'omen inher house for reUgious services. Is allthis nothing? And can it be said that thelives lost on tbe Zarabesi have beenwasted ? Are tbey not the seed which basbeen thrown into the ground, frora whichthe Chureh of the Zarabesi will spring?For heaven's sake, let us not abandonthese tender shoots, which bave cost usthe very blood of our blood, but which arethe forecast of an abundant harvest to theglory of our King."AT HOME.Allegheny, Pa.—Special attention iscalled to the foUowing stateraent of thework under supervision of tbe CentralBoard:Overdrawn Expendi- OverdrawnOct. 1,1901. Beoeipts. tures Deo. 1,1901.Domestic Mission $1,384.16 53,610.40 $1,351.35 $125.01Overdrawn Expendi- OverdrawnSouthern Mission Oct. $24n..38 1,1901. Receipts, 6,03 $9a9.46 tures. Dec. $^83.81 1, 1901.Indian Mission 136,91 981.50 1,086.00 ^60.37Chinese Home Mission 2,35 214.01 121.80 On handOn handDec. 1,1901.Oot. 1,1901119 159,42 86Jewish Mission ]71.,'

16 News of the Churches.and licentiates raustremain idle a considerableportion of tbeir tirae.when needed."S'enient that they can give assistanceThese figuresbring to our attention, Work on the hospital building wiU befirst, the increasingly large nuraber of un­discontinued till spring.settled rainisters.It looks as thougb thepastors raaysoon be in the rainority.Inadequatesupport in part accounts forshort pastorates. Second, the necessityfor earnest systeraatic cultivation of thehorae raission field.If the right kind ofraen were placed for a tirae as stated suppliesin sorae of these sraall congregations,no doubt good results would follow.Third, the need of more liberal collectionsfor this fund. Only fiftyper cent.of the amount appropriated by Synodhas been paid. Although the collectionhas been taken up, the treasury is overdrawn.The fourth quarter of last yearhas not been paid. Wfll the Board haveto borrow in order to pay what will bedue in January? The Church must answer.Chinese Mission.—Mrs. Johnston hasresigned her position as Superintendentof this Mission, in order to come East.Mrs. Boreland, who was formerly connectedwith it, will have charge afterJan. 1. The number of scholars enrolledfor the month of November waseighteen. Two have returned to China,to reraain. One of these is a raemberofthe Church. The other, though fortwenty years connected with the school,still clings to the old belief.Indian Mission.—The Lord's Supperwas dispensed on Nov. 24. The occasionwas very pleasant. There was an accessionof three. Mr. Humphreys has severedhis connection with the Mission,having obtained at the drawing a hundredand sixty acres of land adjoining the Missionproperty. He is buUding a houseon it. The services of Dr. Humphreys,which were rendered gratuitously, wereof great value. Both will be so con-The opening up of this country hasbrought into it a raostundesirable classof people—utterly regardless of everythingthat is good. It is a great pitythere is no way of protecting the poorIndians from their baneful infiuences.Southern Mission.—Illinois Presbyterywill send a comraission to visit SelmaCongregation at such tiraeas will suitthe convenience of the pastor.The enrollraent of scholars is 410. Thepupils frora the country have not as yetentered.The schools at Pleasant Grove andNaWej Creek have been opened, the former^Yith an attendance of eighteen andthe latter of eleven. Tuition will hereafterbe charged the pupils in theseschools.J. W. Speoull.Mrs. J. W. Sproull, Treasurer of theWoman's Association, reported at thequarterly meeting, held Dec. 18 in theCentral Allegheny E. P. Church, receiptsfor the three months ending Nov. 30,1901, $785.71. Tbe balance on hand Dec.1, 1901, is $7,011.13.Denison, Kan.—Elder Jacob WardWUlson died Oct. 12, 1901, being a littleover 79 years of age. He was born inLisbon, Pa., in 1823, where he lived fora number of years, later raovingto NewConcord, 0., afterward to Washington, la.Since 1872 he had lived near Denison,Kan., and was buried frora his home Oct,14,1901. He was elected an elder in whatwas then known as the North Cedar Congregation,on Nov. 8, 1872, and servedfaithfuUy until the tirae of his death.Sorae years ago bis wife died, and since

News of the Churches. 17that time he lived with bis daughter, Cora,who cared for him with untiring love untilhe was taken frora her. Six chUdrensurvive hira.He was a raan of raore than ordinaryintelligence, and his raeraory was reraarkable.The progress of the Kingdora ofChrist was aH'ays an interesting subjectto him, and he took great interest in publicaffairs.We will miss his presence and counselin our meetings of Session, and we shallnot raeet hira any more in the sanctuary."We shall go to bim, but be will not returnto us." "The meraory of the just isblessed." "Precious in the sight of theLord is the death of His saints." To theloved ones bereaved comes tbe assurancethat his work was done and that faith hasgained the victory over the last enemy.Their joy is greater than their sorrow, forthey know that their father is enjoying alife witbout pain or trial—living the lifeof God.The Session bows in subraission to thewill of God, in so soon taking a second oneof our number, and will be admonished togreater diligence in the Master's service.The congregation has given another to thehigher service of tbe Church triuraphant,and would bear tbe call to a greater unityand to a fuller consecration to tbe Eedeemer.S. E. Wallace, Moderator.New Alexandkia, Pa.—Here is one ofthe strongest congregations in the Church.The merabers are well to do financially—those in the country owning their ownfarms and tbose in the village their ownhomes. They are, as a rule, of Covenanterdescent, and well acquainted with ourprinciples, as well as interested in cburchwork. A congregation united in tbe maintenanceof a great principle, as is this, isnot so likely to be permanently weakenedby dissension as is one that has no suchbond of union. All trace of whatevertroubles this congregation has had in thepast has disappeared. The merabers areat peace with one anotber, and giving tothe pastor a loyal support in his work.Communion Sabbath, Nov. 10, was "aperfect day." The attendance on all theservices was good. There was an accessionof one. Nearly all of the young peopleof this congregation have united witb thecburch. The nuraber of boys and girlsjust entering raanhood and woraanhoodtbat carae forward to receive tokens onSaturday was a raost interesting sight.The coraraunion was a sad one to both thepastor and his wife, the forraer having buta short tirae before been called away toattend the funeral of his father, and thelatter to be frora horae on account of theserious indisposition of her raother. Theyhave the sympathy of the members, andare not forgotten in tbeir prayers.New Alexandria has changed for theworse since the railroad entered it. Althoughit is a local option town, largequantities of beer are being brought andclandestinely sold. The harmful effectsare plainly apparent.J. W. Speoull.Oakdale, III., is about fifty milessoutheast of St. Louis. The congregationnurabers now 193. There was an accessionat this time of seven. CoraraunionSabbath was the first Sabbath of Deceraber.The weather was favorable and tbeattendance during all the days was large.Eacb evening during the week precedingthere was preaching by sorae of the rainistersin the neighborhood. The action sermonwas preached by the pastor. BrotherFrench. It was suitable to the occasion,decidedly helpful and listened to withclose attention. This congregaiion has anexceptionally large number of young peo-

18 News of the Churches.ple, nearly, if not all, of whora have unitedwith the church.On Thursday, Nov. 28, the new churchbuilding was dedicated. The house wasfilled, a number of raerabers of sister congregationsof our own church and of theother ehurches being present. The serraon,frora Haggai 2:7, was preached and tbeprayer offered by the writer. The newchurch building is admirably adapted tothe purpose intended. The audience roomwill seat nearly three hundred, and withthe Sabbath school room, separated frorait by a movable partition, abuut four hundred.The pulpit is in the southwest corner.At the other three corners are entrances.At eaeh is a vestibule. Adjpiningthe pulpit to the east is a recess for thechoir. On the west side are the ladies'parlor and the session room. The buildingis heated by a furnace and lighted in theevenings by gasoline lamps. The acousticproperties are good, few public buildingsbeing easier to speak in.Including the value of the old raaterialused, the cost of the new one was notrauch less than $7,000. The congregationentered it free of debt. Pastor and raerabersappreciate the kindness of an easternfriend, who, unsolicited, sent thera a,checkto pay for the seats. That gift not onlyhelped financially, but it also encouragedand incited to increased effort to raise allthe raoney necessary to coraplete the building.One thing raore is needed, and thatwill soon be had—a bell.Brother French deserves great credit forthe raanner in which the effort to obtaina new church building was raanaged, andthe building comraittee and congregationfor the heartiness with which they secondedtheir pastor's efforts. Oakdale Congregationis an illustration of what aunited congregation under the direction ofan effieient and trusted pastor can aeeoraplish.The pastor's wife and tbe ladiesshould not be ignored. To thera the congregationis no little indebted for its prosperity.J. W. Speoull.Philadelphia, Pa.—Our HeavenlyFather in His love has called home oneof our members. Miss Eliza McClay, onJune 7, 1901, taking from us one whowas a devoted daughter, a lender and lovingsister, whose high conception of Christiancharacter showed that her ideal wasClirist, her life being ennobled by the dailytaking up of her cross and following herMaster in her self-deniah so* that "shelived for others" can truly be said of her;yet so modest and unassuraing in her nature,that only those very intiraate withher knew to any extent the nobility of hersoul, its breadth of synipathy and its generousness.She was a staunch friend, andpeculiarly appreciative of the smallestthought or act of love towards herself. Althougha great sufferer, she made no murrauror coraplaint, and by the peace writtenin • her face, we knew that she "enduredas seeing Hira who is invisible."We, the Ladies' Missionary Society ofthe Third Church of the Covenanters,Philadelphia, express our sincere sympathyto those to whora she was nearest anddearest."Hers was a spirit rare.By God's grace and loveMade wondrous fair.Shining out in life's sraallest duty.With a strong, gentle, patient beauty."A friend such as one would chooseAnd one we would desireNever to lose;AVhose heart was full of tender sympathy,Covering faults with generous lovingcharity."A tribute of respect from tbe Ladies'Missionary Soeiety of tbe Third Church

of the Covenanters, Philadelphia, to themeraory of ilrs. ]\lary A. AVilson, whodied Sept. ,20, 1901.Eesolved, (1) That we as a Society dobow in subniission to the will of Hira whodoeth all things well, for He alone cangive and lake awav. and we humbly say"Thy will be done."" "Tis ours to miss thee.And lender memories of thee to keep;Then in the Lord to rest.For so He giveth His beloved sleep."(2) Her constant attendance on all Sabbathand week-day servii es will cause herlo be much raissed in the congregatioiiand raissionarysociety, of which she wasan honored member. Her devotion toher home and faraily; her loyalty to theprinciples of her Chureh, and her abidingfaith in her Saviour, were the strong traitsin her beautiful Christian life. "Faithfulunto death,'' hers is undoubtedly "thecrown of life."(3) Her reraoval frora our raidstremindsus that we should work while it isstiU day, for the night cometh when noman can work. We extend our heartfeltsympathy to the bereaved family.Mes. E. C. Montgomeey,Miss B.mily Cbeighion,Elizabeth H. Foesyth,Committee.PITTSBUEGH, Pa.—The National Conferenceon the Christian Principles ofCivil Government wbich raet in Pittsburgh,Nov. 19-21, 1901, was attended bymore than five hundred persons. A largenumber of these were delegates appointedby churches, local conventions, and youngpeople's societies, and a large proportionwere ministers.An address of welcome was delivered bythe Eev. S. Edward Young, pastor of theSeeond Presbyterian Churcb, in which theNews of the Churches. 19conference was held, and by the Eev. W.H. McMillan, D.D., of Allegheny, in behalfof young people's societies.The firstaddress of the Conference wasl)y the liev. T. P. Slevenson, D. D., ofPhiladelphia, on "The March of the NationsToward the Kin.niloni of Cbrist."This was a review of the evenls of raodernhistiii'v, which show that public moralsare improving, that the sway of the Christiannations is being extended over thewhole earth, and that the governmentsnominally Christian, are becoming moreand more Christian. The Eev. S. P.Scovel, 1). D., of \A'i.)oster University,spoke on "Practical ilethods of CbristianEducation in the Public Sehools"; CongressmanEobt. AValker Tayhn-, of Ohio,on "The Plaee of the FaraUy in Our NationalLife''; Mr. Clinton E(),ners AVoodruff,Secretary of the Munici])al Leagueof Philadelphia, on "Municipal Eeform—The Moral Elements in the Problem,'" andPresident Charles A. Blanchard, . ofAATieaton CoUege, Illinois, on "The Bearingof National Eeform on Spiritual Interests.""The Expression of Our NationalChristianity in Fundaraental Law"was discussed by the Eev. Dr. McAllister,of Pittsburgh, and the Eev. H. H. George,D.D., Field Secretary of the National EeforraAssociation.Eesolutions were adopted insisting onChristian training in the public schools asessential to a good and patriotic citizenship; on a national raarriage and divorcelaw in accord with the law of Christ; conderaningthe Sunday newspaper; protestingagainst the re-enaetraent of theChinese Exclusion Law, while favoringirapartial restrictions on iraraigration.The resolutions also ask for suitable Christianacknowledgraents in State and NationalConstitutions as logical and consistentsteps towards the attainraent ofall these ends.

20 Monographs.THIRTIETH ANNIVERSARY OPSECOND BOSTON CHUECH.MONOGRAPHS.The thirtieth anniversary of the organizationof the Second Eeforraed PresbyterianChurcb of Boston was beld onNov. 21, 1901.The tenth anniversary of the pastorateof Eev. J. M. Foster was iraproved thepreceding Sabbath. The text was Deut.8:2: "Thou shalt reraember all the waywbich the Lord thy God led thee those40 years in the "wilderness, etc." Our livesslip away and we are unconscious of it.The line of the sailor's log slips throughhis finge'rs and the knots inform him ofthe speed of the ship. Ten years ago todaywe preached our first sermon as pastor,and this is a knot in our life-line. Thepeople in the Back Bay find it of advantageto clirab Bunker Hill Monumentonee in a while that they may look outon the foot-hills of the Green and AVhiteMountains and see the waves of the deep,dark blue ocean that roll on and on to thnfarthest shore. Let us ascend MountZion and look out upon these past years.1. God has led us. All our experiencesand occupations and duties are theunfolding of God's plan. They are meantto reveal character, to test character, tomake character. Every Israelite showedwhat he was during the forty years. Eacbone was put to the proof. The new generationwas disciplined for the conquestof Canaan. These ten years have accomplishedsueh results here.II. The results have been as God intended."That He raight hurable theeand prove thee and know what is in thineheart; whether thou wilt keep His coraraandraentsor no." The review of theseten years should—•1. Make us thankful. There havebeen bitter and sweet, sad and joyful experiences.But just as the cogged wheeltbat raoves frora left to right fitsthe oneraoving from rigbt to lefl, so that theresult is double efficiency, so our prosperousand our adverse lots work togetherfor good. The winter and tbe summer,and the day and night, are bothessential to vegetable and animal andrational life.2. Make us penitent. The sraokefrora the chiraney soon vanishes. Butthe recent London fog bank stoppedsocial and commercial functions, andcaused mucb fatality. A spoonful ofrauddy water does not look bad. But aglass pitcher filled with it is repulsive.Our days seem raeasurably clear. Butlooking back ten years, how raany fogbanks, how rauch filth! We all havesinned and corae short of tbe glory ofGod.3. Give us practical wisdora. Birdscorae to know a scarecrow. Bul Satansets up the same scarecrow to keep peoplefrom church, and it works year afteryear. Eats get to know the trick of thetrap. But sinners will set their foot inSatan's trap forever. We should learnour weak points and fortify them. Weshould learn the vanity of things seenand teraporal, and not be deceived.4. Make us hopeful. No raan cansay of teraporal good, "To-morrow shallbe as this day, and much raore abundant."But of spiritual things it is always true.God's way leads up. Its outlook broadens.Its abundance increases continually.On Thursday evening a discourse wasdelivered. The passage chosen was:"Thy servants take pleasure in herstones," Ps. 102:13; "The righteous shah

e in everlasting remembrance," Ps. 112:6. The Scriptures give much space tothe bistory of tbe Church. It is a condensedbistory of redemption. AVholechapters are devoted to tbe names ofmen and woraen wbo entered into covenantwitb God, who returned frora captivity,renewed their covenant, who assistedin rebuilding the temple and repairingthe walls of Jerusalera, and con-J. M. FOSTER.tributed to tbe raaintenance of the ordinances.In our day sermons arepreached, books are printed, fire-proofbuildings are erected to preserve the recordsof the churcb. We are asserabledhere to review tbe thirty years of ourcongregational life. We are associatedwith Covenanter bistory. Our Cburchlooks back to tbe covenants of Scotland.Monographs. 21The First Covenant was signed and swornat Edinburgh, Dec. 3, 1557. The SecondCovenant was subscribed at Perth, May31, 1559. Tbe first National Covenantof Scotland, known as John Craig's Confession,which forraed the first part ofthe subsequent National Covenants, wassuhscribed in 1581. The National Covenantproper was taken by 16,000 Covenantersat Grayfriar's Church, Edinburgh,Feb. 28, 1638. It was carriedthroughout Scotland, and sworn andsigned by lords and coramoners. So thatCburch and State in Scotland were nowin covenant with God. They asked ofKing Charles I. a free Assembly and afree Parliament, and tbat all eeelesiasticalraattersbe settled by the Asserablyand all civil matters by the Parliament.Charles I. denied tbeir petition and declaredwar upon them. They took thefield against the King's forces, witb theirblue banner, "for Christ's crown andcovenant." Negotiations followed. Thedemand of the Covenanters was granted."The Soleran League and Covenant" followedin 1643, and the Asserably of Divinesat Westrainster, and Crorawell'sProtectorate.In 1660 Charles II. was brougbt back.He agreed to grant Scotland her freeParliaraent and free Assembly. But assoon as he ascended the throne he burnedthe Covenants and began tbe twentyeightyears' persecution in Scotland, inwhich 18,000 Covenanters died as martyrs.In 1688 the Eevolution carae, andWUIiara, Prince of Orange was crownedking. He established the PresbyterianChurcb of Scotiand, and took aU buttbree ministers—Shields, Linning andjjoyd—wbo soon surrendered. The Cotenanters,left witbout a ministry, organizedsocieties. Tbey kept together untU171G, wben John McMUIan was deposedby the Establishraent for preaching Cot-

22 Monographs.enanter principles and came to thera. Herainistered alone until 1743, when Eev.Nairn came out, and these two ministersorganized the Eeformed Presbytery.On June ,'?2, 1680, Cargill, Cameron andotiiers rode into the city and nailed theirmanifesto to the market cross of Sanquhar.It is called the Sanquhar Declaration.It is the firstDeclaration of Independence.It repudiated the authorityof the persecuting Charles II. A colonyof Covenanters, to eseape persecution,came to North Carolina. In 1774 they issuedtbe Micklenburg Confession. Itwas a Deelaration of Independence, repudiatingthe authority of George III.,as the Sanquhar Declaration did CharlesII. Two years later Thomas Jeffersonrecast the ilicklenburg Confession andcalled it, "The Declaration of Independence."It was the voice of all the colonies,re-echoing the voice of tbe Covenanters,in repudiating the tyranny ofGeorge III. As early as 1743 there wasa colony of Covenanters in Pennsylvania.Eev. ilr. Craighead eame to them fromthe Presbyterian Church of America.Led by him, they renewed their covenantat Middle Octarara. His zeal soon forsookhim, and he abandoned them. In11.52 Eev. ifr. Catlibertson came fromScotland and ministered to them alonefor tM'ciity years. Iu 177ti Uon's. Linnand Dobbin came from Ireland, and thethree oi-.^i-nnizcd the Beformed Presbvteryof .America. They corros]ionded withthe brethren in the Carolinas. In 17 8'2a union was effected between tho AssociateCluiTcli and the Reformed Presbjrtery.Auain the remnant was left withoutan undershepherd. U-'v. ifr. ir;u--tin labored in South Carolina from 17T:i.Bnt llis intemperance made him a burdenwhich the ]ieople wonld not carry. In17S9 Uev. .Tallies Eeid was sent as a travelinginissionary by the Church of Scotland.He journeyed on horseback, withsaddle-bag and leggins, from New Yorkto South Carolina, and returned home in1790. In 1791 Eev. Mr. McGarrah arrivedin South Carolina frora Ireland.Eev. AA''ra. King came from Scotland in1792, and these two niinisters acted asa Committee of Oversight. In 1793 Eev.James ilcKinny arrived in New York.Eev. King had a divinity student, ThomasDoneliy, under his care in South Carolina.Eev. McKinny visited the "societies"in New York and Pennsylvania.In 1797 he becarae pastor of Galway, N.Y. Congregation. Alexander McLeodwas among the firstfruits of his labors.Ill 1797 Eev. AVra. Gibson carae fromIreland. He brought two divinity students,.John Blaek and S. B. Wylie, graduatesof the University of Glas.sjow. In1799 the Eeforraed Presbytery met inMr. Beattie's barn in Coldenhara, and licensedJohn Blaek, S. B. AVylie, AlexanderilcLeod and Thomas Doneliy. Eev.ilr. Gibson was ordained over the RyegateCongregation, A'erraont, in ISOO, thefirst Covenanter ordination in New England.Alexander ilcLeod "was called toa Presbyterian Churcb in Newburg. N.Y., but declined because slave-holderswere in their fellowship. He was ordainedin New York City that year. Rev.S. B. AA^lie "was settled in Philadelphia.In Angusti 1800, Eevs. ilcKiiiny and S,B. AA^ylie carae on horseliack to Pittsburg,Pa., and ordained John Black. After aperilous descent of the Ohio, in whichthey eame near losing their lives, theyspent a raonth near Bine Lick, A^a. Fromheve they raade thc journey on horsebackto South Carolina, stoppin.g to preach andbaptize the children of Covenanters bythe way. They suspended all slaveholdersin the C'arolina CongregationaTheir abolition principles compelled theCovenanters to emigrate North some

years later. Rev. John Black becarae apillar in Pittsburg, Pa. He is called inhistory, "tbe great Dr. Blaclc." "thefgreatest theologian in tbe AA'est." Hewas a sbort, stout man, very eloquent,often profound, and always commanded, ahearing. Eev. Jaraes E. AA'illson graduatedfrora Jefferson College and studiedfor tbe rainistry. He was called tbegreatest orator in Araerica. His careerin Coldenhara and Albany, N. Y., in theWILTilAM GRAHAM.Theological Seminary in Cincinnati, andNorthwood, 0., will never bc forgottenby the Covenanters. In 1806 our Testimonywas adopled. The Church grewapace. But prosperity turned the headsof the leaders. Dr. John Black, Dr. S.B. WyUe, Dr. Alexander ilcLeod andothers maintained that tbe franchiseshould be left to tbe consciences of themembers. In 1833 the General Synodwas constituted in Philadelphia, Pa., byMonographs. 23a liberal rainister. The Conservativeswithdrew and organized the Synod. Thusbegan the New School and Old Sehooldivisions of tbe Covenanters. The expectationof tbe Liberals was not realized.Tbey decreased, while the Conservativebranch has increased raanifold.We do not know when the first Covenanterscarae to Boston. As early as1848 there were Covenanter familiesholding society raeetings on Sabbath insteadof worshipping with other ehurches.AA^illiam Warnock and bis son, called BigWilliam, because large in body and mind,in heart, in faith and good works. Alsohis nephews, Williara S. and Jaraes Warnock.These raen, with their farailies,were society keepers. In 1854 the FirstEeforraed Presbyierian Cburch M'as organizedin an upper roora of AAUUiaraWarnock's home on Salera Street. Tbeysoon secured Cocbituate Hall., nearHoughton & Dutton's present buUding.Here tbey heard Eevs. Thorapson, Elder,Middleton, Milligan and others. In October,1856, they caUed Eev. J. E. Lawsonfrora BarnesviUe, N. B. He rainisteredeleven raonths. He rejected a callfrom the Tbird New York and returnedto BarnesviUe. In 1860 Eev. AViUiamGrahara was called. He mini«tered tothera thirty-three years. Tbey worshippedin Preble Hall, on Parraenter Street.Tben in New Era HaU, on TremontStreet. In 1873 they built their presentchurcb horae, at a cost of $69,000. Onlya man with an iron nerve and Flerculeanstrength and indoraitable courage couldhave gone through witb this undertalcing.A colony frora the First Church was organizedinto tbe Second Eeformed PresbyterianChurch of Boston, Nov. 21,1871, in Caledonian Hall, HanoverStreet. There were thirty charter merabers.Tbeir namfs are: William Gillespie,ilrs. Margaret GiUespie, Eobt. H.

24 Monographs.Oliver, Mrs. Bliza Oliver, Thos. K. Semple,Mrs. Esther Scrapie, Mrs. Mary Stevenson,Mrs. Janet Stevenson, Jaraes Mc­Closkey, Mrs. Susan McCloskey, Mrs.Sarah Greer, Mrs. Helen Bailey, Mrs.Agnes Spragg, Williara Scrapie, Mrs.Catherine Semple, Jobn Greer, Mrs.Margaret Greer, Mary Scrapie, CarrieBetts, Sarauel Cathcart, Mrs. JennieCathcart, Mrs. EUen Druraraond, Mrs.Jennie Cadwallader, Thoraas McCloskey,Mrs. Abbie McCloskey, Jennie McKad-Master and James K. Eiley, Jan. 4, 1892.William H. McArthur, June 23, 1898.The last three are still with us.The present deacons are: S. PeterFaris, Thomas Douthart, Thoraas, Long,Thoraas McArthur, Nelson Morton andCharles Pelosky.Eev. D. McFall was called and installedthe firstpastor of tbe SecondChurch June, 1873, in Caledonian HalhThey soon reraoved to Lurline Hall,across the street. Thence they went toPreble Hall. And frora here they reraovedto New Era HaU, on TremontStreet. Here they reraained until 1879,when tbey purchased our present edifice,known as the Old South Cbapei. BrotherMcFall rainisteredbere for ten years,until his death in Deceraber, 1889. Athis death the inerabership was 150. Inthe controversy of 1891, the membershipwas reduced to 75. At present it is 105.Eev. J. M. Foster was installed pastorNov. 21, 1891. The Superinlendent ofour Sabbath School is Thoraas Douthart.Our scbool contributes $50 annually forthe support of a native teacher in ourmission in Syria. The Ladies' MissionarySociety was organized in 1892. Theysend a barrel of clothing to the Selma,Ala., mission each year, and often twobarrels a year.DAVID McFALL.Tbe Chinese Sabbatb School was organizedin 1894. S. Peter Faris is thedie, Mrs. EraUy Eoy, Eraraa Eoy, May Superintendent. One of tbe boys hasEoy and John Mc Williara.been baptized on profession of his faithWilliara Gillespie and Eobt. H. Oliver and coramunes with us. The weekljwere chosen elders. Thos. McCloskey prayer raeeting is deeply spiritual andand Thos. K. Scrapie were elected deacons.helpful. Would tbat all the membersThe roll of elders frora the begin­ning to the present has received the followingentry: John Greer, Eben White,Thos. K. Semple and James ilcCloskey,Sept. 4, 1873. John C. McKee, Thos.McCloskey, John McLUland and WilliamL. Eoss, March 31,1887. WUliam H. Mccouldhave tbe henefit of it! It is thenursery of faith and blessed hope.At tbe close of this discourse, there wasa general programme.Wra. H. McMaster was appointed torepresent the elders. He asked the pastorto speak on his behalf.

Monographs. 25Mrs. Sarah Greer was to have spokenfor the charter members, but illness preventedher being presenti She and Mrs.Mary Stevenson, with Elders John Greerand James McCloskey, visited New YorkPresbytery in Newburg, N. Y., to secureour organization, in October, 1871.Thoraas Douthart represented theSabbath Scbool. He recalled Eobt.Eakes' scbool for tbe poor miners in hiscity. Tbis was the birth of modernSabbath schools. Why should not each onebe a Eobt. Eakes to gatber in chUdrenfrom tbe streets into our Sabbaih Scbool ?Mr. David Robinson, a graduate ofBrown University, Providence, E. I., andat present a medical student in HarvardUniversity, spoke for the prayer meeting.He said there are two classes in everycongregation—those who are interestedin the prayer meeiing, and those who arenol. Let tbe first reraeraber that impressionsare made at prayer raeetingsthat continue through life, and so bringthe children. Let tbe other class considerhow raucb tbey lose. The prayermeeting is the pulse of tbe church.S. Peter Faris spoke for the deacons.He recalled the proverb, "Bad as a deacon'sapple barrel." This barrel has goodapples on top and bad ones in tbe middle.We do not have such deacons here. Thedeacons look after raoney matters. Theyare glad when enough is raised to pay allthe bills.S. Turner Foster spoke fof the merabers.His theme was: "The Ideal Member."He contrasted the forraal churchmember, who does wbat he ought frora asense of compulsion, witb the meraberwho loves tbe Churcb and seeks its upbuilding.Tbe first injures hiraself,harms others, and offends God. The secondis blessed in bis own soul, is a henefitand uplift to others, and honors his God.We should be like tbe latter.Mrs. Isabella Smith read the report ofthe Ladies' Missionary Society.Eev. S. McNaugher, unable to attendon account of a meeting in his ownchurch, sent a letter which was read. Hespoke of tbe thirty years of our historyas eventful ones to our city, to our countryand to our church. He congratulatedthe congregation on her thirtieth anniversary.Eev. J. P. Stoddard made a pleasingaddress. He recalled the stirring sceneof 1881 in this church, wben Ronaineacted tbe firstthree degrees of Masonryand a mob filledthe house and tried tobrealc up the raeeting. This churchstands for opposition to the secret lodgesystein and all the unfruitful works ofdarlcness.A collation was served by the ladies inthe room below.J. il. POSTEE.PROGRESS OF MISSIONS.*We are living in an intensely practicalage, and a desire for the best of everythingbas reached its cliraax; yet, we areprone to raeasure whatever is presentedto our consideration by one standard—its utility. A great raany consider noundertaking practical unless it will bringin a generous supply of dollars and cents.Others estimate its value in proportionto the farae, position or influence it willbring them. We are glad that this eleraentof selfishness does not permeate allundertakings, but that there are somewho consider that undertaking the raostpractical tbat will raostbenefit huraanity.Life is fuU of possibUities, and it isculpable weakness tbat prevents us frombattling with adversity, and seeking toattain a bigher vantage ground. God soarranged His plan of evangelization, that* Head Wore the Mifsion. Band of Cedarville Congregationand requested for pubHcation.

26 Monographs.only the raost unselfish, the spirit-filledwill go iiito the raission field. The greatestconsecration, the greatest sacriflce,and the greatest power are necessary forthe mission cause. This is both true ofthe raissionaries and their supporters.God does not need unconsecrated workers,and His plan is such that, as a rule.He does not get them. II is true thereare some that go from a selfish motive,but it is the exception, not the rule. Inmission work there is a refiex infiuencewhich coraes frora the broadening of thecircle of one's love, for we live in what welove, and life is bounded by the circuraferenceof our love, for where a raan'sheart is, there will his treasure be also,and there will his thoughts be, and therewUl be his life. He who loves only hiraselfis no larger than himself, and such aone is very small. He who loves only hisfaniily has a life as large as the interestsof his home. He who loves the comraunityor country as well, expands in histhoughts to include all these wider interests;but he who rises to the Calvarypoint of view and looks with love uponthe wide and sinful world, will find hisheart pulsating stroke with stroke withthat of the Master as it expands to includein its compassion not part but allthe race for whora Christ died.Great is the present opportunity forraission work. Every one who will openhis eyes to see and acquaint himself withmissionary bistory must see and be intenselyimpressed with the faet thatnever before in all the history of theworld has God so ripened the fields forimraediate harvest. The germ of modernmissions was planted in the reforraation;with it began the spread of Protestantisra.The printing press carae into useabout the sarae time. In a prison cellWycliffe cut the chains to the Bible, thenit was given the wings of the press, andit flew to the ends of the earlh with ilsraessage of love and salvation. In lessthan one hundred years the Bible hasbeen printed into 250 different languages,and distributed among those that neverknew God's Word. Wycliffe gave theBible to England, and Lulher to Germany,and both to fhe United States.Through the influenee of these powersChina was unlocked to missions in 1858.The BerUn Comraittee, presided over byPrince Bisraarck, opened up the heart ofAfrica to raissions in, 1884 and 1885.Sinee that time the whole of Africa isopen to evangelization. This was the answerto the dying prayer of Livingstoneten years before. Stanley went fromZanzibar to Panama, a distance of seventhousand miles, and carae in contact withthousands of the inhabitants who hadnever heard the narae of Christ.All the Eoraan Catholic nations havebeen shattered. France tried to restorethe Eoraan Empire under Napoleon, butfailed, and to-day it is a weak and decayingpower, ilohararaedanisra—Turkeyis the sick one of the East, and for ahnndred years has been weakening. Fiftyyears ago it was irapossible to preach thegospel in Turkey, and it raeant death fora iloslem to accept the Christian religion.To-day this is all obsolete. No suchstrides were ever known before in all thehistory of the world as has been made byJapan in the last thirty-five years, sinceit was opened to evangelization by theUnited States. Siam,was closed againstthe gospel for half a century, and sinceopening its doors is almost equal to Japanin its development. Less than a centuryago Judson was turned frora India byEurope. God broke this India Commissionand allowed the Sepoy rebellion topunish Europe for tbis selfishness. Thiscorapelled Europe to extend her powerover the entire India. Since that time

the whole of India is thrown open toevangelization. Now there are 15,000missionaries in India. But what are theyamong 300,000,000 souls? Under Spanishrule Protestantisra was prohibited inSouth America, but God broke up thepower of Spain and gave Soutb Americarepublics, and tbese, in contact withNorth America, became liberalized andenlarged. Commercial interchange hasbrought tbe two peoples together, andto-day all the States of South Americaare open to tbe gospel.Cuba, the fairest of tbe AVest IndiaIsles, has suffered long frora Spanish barbarity.In 1883 Bible societies began tosell and give away Bibles, until in eightyears 30,000 voluraes were sold. Asa result a spontaneous raoveraent sprangup with great pentecostal power, but theleader of that raoveraent was soon banishedby the Spanish Governraent. Themembers were scattered, but God inHeaven beard their cry, and sent xVraericato set ber free. Hundreds of Christians'eyes are straining through tbe raistsofCuba's morning, so near at band,when the soldiers of Christ shall followhard upon tbe blood-stained track offreedom, and Cuba shall be one of thefairest of tbe Christian isles tbat shallwait for His law. Five years ago one ofthe greatest foreign raission workers ofthe nineteenth century went to ilanila•to land a band of raissionaries, but wasforbidden by tbe Spanish authorities. Hewent on to China witb one hundred andfifty raissionaries, but is now in thiscountry, and on his return trip he expectsto land on tbe PhUippines. Trulythe harvest is greati but the laborers arefew.Maey Elizabeth Fowlee.THE TEACHER'S RESPONSIBILITY.The relationsbip of a leacher lo his classMonographs. 27is like that of a pastor to his congregation.As the lalter sustains a relationshipto, and is in some raeasure responsible for,the welfare of his denoraination, so theteacher not only sustains a relationship tobis class, but is in a raeasure responsiblefor the welfare of the scbool. Since thewelfare of the school depends upon thecondition of the classes, the teacher is responsiblefor the welfare of tbe school sofar as it raay be affected by the conditionof his class.The welfare of the school depends upona nuraber of things:1. The attendance of the school isaffected by the attendance of each class.Tbe teacher should attend regularly andpunctually hiraself and thus be an exarapleto his pupils. The attendance of the pupilsdepends largely upon the personal effortsand infiuence of the teacher. If a pupilis absent frora the Sabbath school and nonotice is taken of his absence, he is likelyto feel that he is not missed and that hispresence is not of rauch iraportance. Tbereis always a eause for a pupil's absence,though there raay not always be a sufficientreason for it. It raay be that he hasyielded to sorae outside teraptation, orperhaps it is a lack of interest in teacheror class that bas kept hira away. Again, itmay be that be bas been ill, or that sorrowin his horae bas caused bis absence. Whateverraay be the cause, a little interestshown in hira personally, by a visit or notefrora his teacher, raay lead him back to thepath of right and cause him to feel that aplace in that class raeans raoreto hira thanhe had supposed.2. The welfare of the Sabbath school dependsupon the instruction given in theclass. A teacher should never come beforehis class without having first madethorough preparation for the teaching ofthe lesson. Bright boys and girls wUl nothave rauch respect for a teacher who knows

28 Monographs.less about the lesson than they know. Theteacher should be prepared to throw lightupon the parts of the lesson that puzzlethe pupils. There is a great deal more ineacb lesson than can be taught in the shorttime allotted to its teaching. The raostpractical parts must therefore receive specialattention. Some one has said, "Preparationis as iraperative as the work itself.The victories of this life are siraplythe result of being prepared to raake themost of opportunities. Many an opportunityhas been lost because of lack of preparationfor the precious hour." We canteach Christ best as we live in close relationshipto Him. AA'^e may fret becausewe cannot teach the lesson better, but theunconscious teaching of our lives is whattells raost. Let us teach the boy and girl.the young raan and the young woman, thatreligion is a part of the daily life—thatthe daily life is a part of religion. AA^emay teach only a "very little," but let usbe faithful in that little.3. Mueh depends upon the general interestof teachers and pupils in the workof the school. The teacher should be interestedin the teachers' raeeting,the picnic,the holiday entertainraent, and in allthat tends to proraote a general interest inthe Sabbath sehool. It has been said, "ASabbath school without a teachers' raeetingis as poor as a church without a prayerraeeting." The teachers' raeeting reactsupon the whole school. The teachers gainenthusiasra frora new ideas, get a betterunderstanding of the work, and learn newplans. The classes catch the spirit of iraproveraentiand a better sehool is tbe result.These raeetings should be horae-like,The children loolc forward to the picnicin suraraer and the treat and entertainraentin the winter as iraportant events,and a little special preparation on the partof the teacher will raake these .occasionspleasant and joyous. The teacher will beencouraged by words of appreciation thatcorae from happy, loving bearts, and thepupils will be more interested in theteacher and in his teachings.4. Daily prayer in behalf of the sehool,raore than all else, brings a blessing to theschool. Jesus, the great Teacher, had atirae for solitary coraraunion with HisFather, when the Father revealed to HimHis secrets, and when Jesus asked for thethings His pupils needed. This was thesource of His power. He onee said to Hisdisciples, "I have raeat to eat that ye knownot of." If He, the raodel Teacher, neededsuch a tirae and such a secret place, inwdiich He could learn frora His Father thedangers surrounding those whora He wastraining, can we, to-day, rightly care forour classes without such a lirae and sucha place?Since, therefore, the welfare of theschool depends upon these things—attendance,the instruction given, the generalinteresi of teachers and pupUs in thework of the school, and prayer in behalfof the school, the teacher is responsible tothe extent of his ability and opportunity,for the success of these and all otherthings that tend to advance the general.welfare of the scbool. One raustbe carefulto see and iraprove opportunities andnot to underestiraate abilily.(Miss) E. J. Anderson.social and friendly. If we go to the TEUE TO HIS FLAG.teachers' raeeting with earnest, loving A dozen rough soldiers were playingthought of the classes to be taught, and cards one night in the carap. "What onwith a desire to take part in the raeeting,raore interest wiU be felt by aU, and therewill be better leaching.earth is that?" suddenly exclaimed theringleader, as he stopped in the midst oftbe garae to listen.

In a^_^ment the squad were listeningto a lo\^ solemn voice wbich carae froraa tent fccupied by several recruits, whohad arrived in camp that day. The ringleaderd^roached tbe lent on tiptoe."Boys,lie's praying!" he roared out."Three cheers for the parson!" shoutedanother man of the group, as the prayerended."You watch. I'll show you how totake the religion out of him," said tbeMonographs. 29"Run!" answered the big man, hisvoice lender with emotion; "why, befirst, speaker, wbo was the ringleader in didn't budge an inch. But what's thatthe mischief.to standing for weeks our firelike a raan,The recruit was a slight, pale-faced never sending a word back? He justyoung fellow of about eighteen years of stood by his fiag,and let us pepper hira."age. During the next three weeks hewas the butt of the camp. Then theregiraent broke carap, and engaged in aterrible battle. Tbe corapany to whichthe young recruit belonged had a desperatestruggle. The brigade was drivenback, and, when tbe line was re-forraedbehind the breastworks they bad built inthe raorning,he was missing from tbeThere was not a dry eye aniong those.rough men as they stuck the rudelycarved board at the head of the grave,and again and again looked at the inscription."WeU," said one, "he was a Christiansoldier, if ever there was one. And,"turning to the ringleader, "he didn't run,did he, wben he sraelt gunpowder?"When the regiraent marched away,that rude headboard reraained to tellwhat a power lies in a Christian life.—The British Flag.A SIMPLE QUESTION.An aged gentleraan at a watering-placesaid to a lady, a stranger to hira,'as shecame up to take her usual draught of thewater, "Have you ever drunk at the GreatFountain?"The lady colored and turned away withoutreplying.The following winter, in another place,be was asked to visit a lady wbo wasranks. When last seen be was almostsurrounded by eneraies, but fightingdesperately.At bis side stood the bravefellow who had made tbe poor lad a constantobject of ridicule. Bolh were givenup as lost.Suddenly the big raan was seen trampingdying. As he entered the room, she saidthrough the under-brush, bearing the with a smile, "Do you not know me? Dodead body of the recruit. Reverently be you not recollect asking a woman at thelaid the corpse down, saying, as he wipedthe blood from his own face—"I couldn't leave him—he fought so! Ithought he deserved a decent burial."During a lull in tbe baltie tbe mendug a shallow grave, and tenderly laid tbespring last year, 'Have you ever drunk attiie Great Fountain?'""Yes," said he, "I do reraember.""Well, sir, I am that person. I thoughtat the time you were very rude; but yourwords kept ringing in my ears. I wasremains therein. Then, as one was cuttiagwithout peace or rest till I found Christ. Ithe name and regiment upon a board,the big man said, with a husky voice:"You'd better put tbe words 'Christiannow expect shortly to die, and you, underGod, have been the raeansof raysalvation.Be as faitbful to others as you have beensoldier' in somewhere. He deserves the to me. Never be afraid to talk totitle, and maybe it'll console him for ourabuse."strangers on the subject of religion."—The Christian.

30 Editorial Notes.EDITORIALNOTES.—All correspondence in regard toOlive Teees should be addressed toE. M. SOMMEEVILLE,327 W. 56th St.,New York.The price of this magazine is 50 cents ayear in advance or, when raailed to subscribersin the Borough of ilanhattan,New York, where it is published, and toforeign countries, 75 cents, the increase tocover additional postage. Surely this isnot extravagant for a journal of 32 doublecolumnpages, every issue of which containsan article on some aspect of the raissionaryenterprise that cannot fail to enlargethe conceptions and quicken the consciencesof intelligent readers as to theimportance of work for souls. It alsogives reliable news of the progress thegospel is maldng in the mission fieldsofthe Eeformed Presbyterian Church, andthrough the agency of sister societies inother parts of the world, brief sketches oferainent raissionaries with the thrillingstories of their life work, and other monographs,original and selected. Anotherfeature that increases the value of OliveTeees is the pictures of pupils and othersidentified "with the mission schools, andillustrative scenes specially photographedand reproduced in half-tone for its columns.Now is the best tirae to subscribe orrenew for 1902, and we again solicit theco-operation of rainisters and elders thatit may be read in every family of theChurch.—Olive Teees wishes its readers aHappy New Year. And it is only in closecommunion with Christ and activity inHis service that anyone can secure substantialhappiness. There are sorae forrasof raental unrest for whicb no reliefcanbe found except in seeking to njEce othershappy. Many have read the stem that theBnglish poet Eogers has preserved in his"Foreign Travels," as he got it from thelips of an Italian nobleman: "I was wearyof life, and, after a melancholy day, "washurrying along the street to the river,when I felt a sudden check. I turned andbeheld a little boy, who had caught theskirt of ray cloak in his anxiety to sohcitmy notice. His look and manner wereirresistible. Not less so was the lesson hehad learned, 'There are six of us, and weare dying for want of food.' 'Why shouldI not,' I said to rayself, 'relieve thiswretched faraily ? I have the raeans,andit will not delay rae raany rainutes.' Thescene of raisery he conducted rae to I cannotdescribe. I threw them ray purse, andtheir burst of gratitude overcarae me. Itfilled ray eyes; it went as a cordial to myheart. 'I "will call again to-raorrow,' Icried. Fool that I was to think of leavinga world where such pleasure was tobe had and so cheaply." Every one whowould have a Happy New Year must beearnest in personal efforts for the welfareof the needy who are within reach, and inliberal giving for the salvation of the millionswho are living in the shadowedhomes of pagan lands. Both in Tak Hing,China, and in the Nusairia Mountains ofNorthern Syria, there are multitudes ofraen, woraen and children, who are pluckingat the skirts of the Covenanter Churchand appealing in sad tones, "There arethousands of us and we are dying for wantof food." When the blessed Lord sat onthe well of Jacob, He was weary andthirsty ; but after He had talked with thelost woraan who raet Hira there, wearinessand thirst were both, forgotten in the su-

preme s^isfaction of saving one soul. Sowhen 1^ disciples, on returning from themarket^offered Hira food, FIis reply was,"I havtjneat to eat tbat ye know not of."And w«n tbey expressed surprise, underthe ira}|-ession that some one else badbroughtlHim food, He said, "ily raeat isto do the wiU of Hira tbat sent Me andto finish His work." In like raanner Hisfollowers bave a spring of happiness irameasurablydeeper and raore satisfyingthan anything that earthly pleasures andriches and honors ean give in helping to•save souls, reform society and establishHis Kingdom in tbe world.—Since last report Olive Teees hasreceived the following contributions frorathe young woraen of tbe Eeforraed PresbyterianCburch toward the salary of theirmissionary for 1902:Miss Jennie Torrence, China.... $3.65Mrs. J. E. Pitblado, Boston, Mass. 5.20Miss Maggie Atchison 3.65Miss Sadie Sterrett 3.65Miss Lizzie Sterreti, Olathe, Kan.. 3.65L. M. S., Miller's Eun, Pa 12.50Frora the ministers toward the salaryof their raissionaryfor 1902:Eev. J. B. Gilmore, Yorlc, N. Y. .$15.00Rev. Henry Easson, Cyprus, 20.00And from the elders towards the salaryof their missionary for 1902 :-Eobert ilcNeiU, New York $5.00The present condition of the ForeignMissions demands a large increase in theofferings tbat are made for this specialservice. The Eeformed PresbyterianChurch has comraissioned as its representativesabroad, seven ordained rainisters,two medical men, eight women, not counting"(rives, one of tbem a physician. Thesehave been sent out to talce the place anddo the work of those who, for a variety ofreasons, cannot go. It is unnatural notto provide for tbeir support and corafortEditorial Notes. 31as thoughtfully as we provide for our own.It is unnatural not to pray for thera everyday and as earnestly as we pray for ourselves.But, unless there is giving equalto tbe deraands of the hour, and up tothe full raeasure of ability, praying isfanaticisra. "The Lord said unto Moses,Wherefore eriest thou unto Me? Speakunto the children of Israel that they goforward."—There is no lack of encourageraent topersevere in raissionary worlc. Eecentlywe heard two serraons on foreign raissions.One was based on the words, "AKing shall reign and prosper" (Jer.23 :5). The prosperity of His reign wassaid to indicate a large increase in thenuraber of His loyal subjects, a recognitionof His authority in society, and thecoraplete overthrow of His eneraies. Itwas shown to rest on the covenantfideUty of God, His own intercessoryprayers, and the fact that the right toreign belongs to Hira. The second discoursewas from the words, "The earthshall be filledwith the knowledge of theglory of the Lord as the waters cover thesea" (Hab. 2:14). The preacher spokeof the confidence with which we may lookfor the fulfilraent of this proraise, inasrauchas it rests on the Mediatorial Supreraacyof Christ, the abiding presence ofthe Holy Spirit in the world, and the successthat attends the preaching of the gospeleverywhere. He then referred to thepart that we have to play in its fulfilraent,laying eraphasis on evangelismas the supreme work of life, liberal givingand importunate prayer.—The other day sorae one handed usthe BrooMyn Times ot Monday, Nov. 11,1901. It contained a serraon frora thepen of Eev. W. ilcLeod George, rainisterof tbe Eeformed Fresbyterian Church in

32 Editorial Notes.that eity, on "Why Covenanters Do NotVote."' Mr. George excels in the art ofputting things, and bas given, not only tohis own congregation and visitors whocame in to hear his discussion of thatquestion, but to a very wide circle ofreaders outside his own coramunion. a finespecimen of conclusive reasoning that willcorapel many to think.—AA^e have received a copy of a discourseby Eev. Jas. A. Blaek, D.D., rainisterof the Eeforraed Presbyterian Congregationof Wyraan, la., on "AA^hy I Araa Covenanter." It was preached at theclose of comraunion season in the NewAlexandria Congregation, and given forpublication at their request. The au.thorgives four reasons for belonging to theCovenanter Church : the grande^? -^f itshistory, the position that it hasl|alwaysrecognized on Eeforra questions, fjie freedoraof its pulpit, and its loyaltfrto theKingship of Jesus Christ. AVe prdiallycoraraend the serraon and hope th 'i it mayhave a wide circulation. )[—Sorae one has kindly sent us CivilRulers and the People, the lecture deliveredby Prof. D. B. WUlson, D.D., atthe opening of the Eeformed PresbyterianTheological Serainary, Septeraber, 1901.It will be very helpful to the students, andevery one wishing reliable information respecting"the early discussions of the questionsthat concerned the Crown and thePeople," in compact forra, should procurea eopy.The Church sadly misuses—yes, grossly abuses—the best deflned terms when shelalks so glibly and writes so voluminously about her "giving"—her "offerings"—when she has not even approximated the payment of her rent. Another error that'bas become a sore evil in the Cburch is the notion that some, even many, people areloo poor eilher lo pay or give.Il is time that we were all learning that in Christ's economy no one is absolved—none are too poor. The double principle involved in this econoray is : (1) To main.tain and develop in us the grace of coraraon honesty—no raan can be honest and notpay his debts ; (2) to educate us in the spirit and practice of self-sacriflce—no mancan be a Christian and consurae God's bounty upon himself.The requireraent lo bolh pay and give, universal as it is, is not arbitrary. Theprinciple of it inheres in the very relation we sustain to the fact of our redemptionand salvation. Christ has left no soul unredeemed, no subject of His kingdom unendowed.He has given to every man. And whUe He is nol dependent on the titheswe pay, we cannot be loyal to Him and not pay them. While our gifts may nol enrichHim, we cannot be His disciples and nol bestow lhem. Every redeeraed soul hassomething wherewilh to "pay and give as unto the Lord." If not dollars, thencents ; ifnot cenls, then sorae other lestiraonial of obligation, and gratitude—work,prayer, praise—soraething "according to that he halh, not according to that hehalh not."—Exchange.During the past year the British and Foreign Bible Society sold 1,600,000 copiesof the Scripiures in 30 foreign countries, through its 812 colporteurs and 616 nativeChristian Bible women, who are reading the Word of God to 40,000 women everyweek.

O L I V E T R K K SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary Work in the Reformed PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. FEBRUARY,, 1902. 3.QUESTIONS OF T H E HOUR.OUR INFLUENCE.*Rev. R. H. Martin, Beaver Falls, Pa.God has so constituted man and has-placed him in such relationships in lifethat it is impossible for him to go throughlife without ten thousand influences goingout from bim to mould tbe lives anddeterraine tbe destiny of otbers. Man isborn witb tbe power of influence. Itgrows as be grows. He cannot sbake itoff. He raust either be a ligbt to illumineor a tempest to destroy. God bas so constitutedbim that be must ever be receivingimpressions from others and impressingothers. The ideas, purposes, habits ofone soul are ever photographing themselveson otber souls.' Language, conversation,books, oratory, are of value only becausetbe thoughts and purposes of onelife influence other lives. God has createdman a social being. The laws of his naturerequire tbat bis life be spent in thesociety of otbers. He has set the race togetherin farailies, wbere they must livemandments for duties to self. God bascreated man not to be self-contained, butto live for others. Tbis is a law of Godfor all His creation. Nothing in natureexists for itself, none of God's creaturesliveto themselves, nor does God live toHimself. He is continually giving untoall. Christ gave Himself for the world.The Holy Spirit gives light, life and joy.Tbe angels are all ministering spirits.When we look into nature we see nothingthere exists for itself, and is self-contained.The sun, moon and slars shedtheir light everywhere. Tbe beavens givetbeir dew and rain to refresh and beautifythe earth. The air gives the vitalbreath to aU tbat live. Tbe rivers givetheir waters to the sea, the sea its vaporsto provide rain for the land. Tbe raountainsgive their soil to enrich the valleys;the valleys their purple-clusteredvineyards, and golden harvest fields,toprovide food for raan and beast. Thelowest forms of life are sacrificed to supporttbe life of the bigher. The animalkingdora is raaintained by the deatb of thein closest intimacy. He has organizedchurch and state, in which men are bound vegetable kingdom. Man lives by tbetogether by common interests and work deatb of all that is below bim. Man is notogether to secure common ends. Man's exception to tbis law which we find to bewhole Ufe is a life of relationsbip. Abstractuniversal elsewhere. His life is not tofrom a man's life all tbat in anyway affects bis fellow-men, and notbing remains.There is no place in the Ten Com-* A sermon preached from the words. "A Mme of us Uveth.to himself," Mivnday evening, Oct. 21, IMI. )1, in. connectionterminate on self. He is to live for others.He can no more bind up his life and liveto himself than the sun can cease to shine,the rivers to run, or tbe ocean to give it itsvapors.with, the communion services of Seccmd Nei ''ew Tork.

84 Questions of the Hour.We direct attention to four facts concerningthe influence which we are constantlyexerting on our fellow-men:I. We are responsible to God for thisinfl-uence. We shall have to render an accountto Him for the influence we exerton our fellow-men. The Bible clearlyteaches it. None of us deny it. What weneed is not proof of it, but rather thatwhich will deepen the sense of our • responsibilityand irapress us with its greatness.There are sorae considerations inreference to our influence tbat raay servethis end. It is an influence exerted on immortalsouls. If the objecls we are influencingare of little wortb, then our responsibililyfor our influence on thera willnot be great. But if of great worth, thenour responsibility will be great. And theobjecls we are influencing are of the highestworth—immortal souls, capable ofthinking over after God His thoughts, enteringinto His plans, extending their investigationsinto the farthest realms ofHis truth—souls capable of rising inlolikeness to God, so precious to the Sonof God that He gave His life for thera,souls that cannot possibly end their existence,but must live on eternally accordingas they live here where we are influencingthera. It was the worth of aniraraortal soul that fllledPaul's raind, andthe thought that for his infiuence on thatsoul he was responsible to God, when hesaid: "If raeat raake ray brother tooffend, I will eat no raore raeat while theworld standeth."This infiuence that goes out frora ustouching iraraortal souls cannol be recalled.It goes on producing its effectsregardless of the wish of the one fromwhom it emanates. When Paul was convertedhe repented of the evil he bad done,but that did not in any way prevent tbeevil forces he had put in motion fromgoing on to produce their legilimateeffects. We may repent of an ill-spokenword or an evil deed, but our repentancewill not recall the evil word or deed." Boys flyingkites haul in their white-wingedbirds,But you can't do that way when you are flyingwords.Things that we think may sometimes fall hackdead;But God Himself can't kill them once they're said."To-day the locoraotive drops aspark along the railroad track. Toraorrowthat locoraotive is raany milesaway. But that spark of fire ignites andbecoraes a vast coluran of flarae, raowing,down, forests, destroying waving harvestflelds. To that locoraotive and not to anotherbelongs that devastating flame, butnow it has no power to quench it. Thusman goes through life, dropping into therainds of others either evil thoughts whichare fanned into flarae by the winds ofpassion, and go on consuming integritiesand leaving desolation in their path, orgood thoughts which under Divine influencesblossora and bear fruit in holy livesand noble deeds, long after it is withinthe power of hira who first dropped themthere either to stay thera or defied theircourse by a hair's breadth.Not only is the influence that goes outfrora us irapossible of recaU, but it alsohas a lasting effect on the soul it touches.Euskin has said, "Talce your vase ofVenice glass out of the furnace and strewchaff over it in its transparent heat, andrecover that to its clearness and rubiedglory, when the north wind has blown uponit, but do not expect to strew chaff overthe child fresh frora God's presence andbring back the heavenly colors to it." Theirapression once raade on a soul can neverbe entirely effaced. More than this, asingle word or deed of ours raay determinethe destiny of a soul. At certainseasons of the year travelers in theupper regions of the Alps are warned toproceed with the greatest quietude. So

evenly balanced is tbe great mass of snowabove them, that a loud-spoken word, thereport of a gun, might destroy the equilibriumand start an avalanche down tbemountain side, destroying everything inits path. In like manner there comes, asLowell tells us, a crisis period in the lifeof every man, when be decides once forall for tbe good or evil side. And in thisperiod unknown to us a single word ordeed of ours may delermine wbat tbat decisionshall be—a decision involving thedestiny of an immortal soul. In the lightof these considerations, how great our responsibilityto God for our influence.II. Whether our influence on others befor good or evil is determined by ourcharacier. If our characier be good ourinfluence will be good; if evil, our influencewill be evil. Tbe sun, raoon andstars have their characteristic rays ofhght, and tbeir rays take their peculiarcharacteristics frora the make-up of thebodies from whicb tbey shine. So eachman has bis characteristic influenee, whicbis determined by his character. Words anddeeds bave their influence, but tbey dependon wbat we are—our character.Character is .the fountain of life, wordsand deeds; the streams that flow therefrominto the current of other lives. Characteris tbe tree, root, trunk, branches;words and deeds tbe fruitage of wbichother lives partake. Frora a characterwholly good there will go out an influencewholly good. From a- character whollybad an influence wholly bad. AVe canthink of Christ having none other tban agood influence because His character wasperfect. We can tbink of Salan bavingnone other than an evil influence becausehis character was wholly bad. If_the evilin us exceed the good, our predominatinginfluenee will be evil. If the good inus exceed tbe evih our predominating influencewill be good. For whatever isQuestions of the Hour. 35witbin a man will find its way outward toinfltience others. "If ligbt is "within aman, he shines; if darkness rules, heshades; if bis beart glows witb love, it willdiffuse its warrath; if frozen witb selfishness,he chills; if corrupt and vile, hepoisons; if pure-hearted, he cleanses."It is our personality, raore than whatwe say or even do, tbat influences others.Horace BusbneU has said, "Siraply lo bein the world is to exert an influence—aninfluence, too, corapared with which merelanguage and' persuasion are feeble."There are men whose hearts are so full ofevil that their presence only is needed toexert a baneful influence. Without wordor deed they consume integrities. On tbeother hand, there are raen whose influencefor good you cannot begin to raeasure bytheir words and deeds. Paul stands beforeFelix, and as he reasons of righteousness,temperance and judgraent to come,tbe governor trembles. Pilate witb bislegions of soldiers to proteel him quakedbefore bis silent prisoner—Christ. Whereinlay the mighty power of Paul overFelix, of Cbrist over Pilate ? Not a titheof it was in tbeir words. It was in tbenobility, the majesty and the grandeurof tbeir charaeters. Frora the personalityof eacb there went out an influence comparedwith which their words were weakand puerile. There are men into wbosecharacters there has been built up so raucbof virtue, truth, courage and love tbat itcan truthfully be said of thera, "Theirpresence raakes bad men good."III. To exert the greatest influence forgood we raust renounce the self-life, andlive for tbe good of otbers. The world'ssupreme example of influence is JesusChrist. The secret of the mighty and everincreasinginfluence He has exerted in tbeworld for tbe past nineteen centuries isin tbese words, "Though He was rich, yetfor your sakes He became poor, tbat ye

36 Questions of the Hour.through his poverty raight be rich." Richwith all the wealth of heaven. He, exchangedit for the poverty of earth, but inthe exchange He gained an influence overtbe world tbat will yet lead il to accepttbe riches of heaven. His entire life wasone of self-renunciation. Every word Hespoke, every deed He performed, everyburden He bore, every pang He suffered inlife and on the cross, was for a dyingworld. Behind it all was infinite love formen. By living this life of sacrifice andservice for men. He gained an infiuenceover the world that it cannot withstand."I, if I be lifted up, will draw all menunto me." "Alexander, Csesar, Charleraagneand rayself," said Napoleon,"founded great erapires. But on what didthe creations of our genius depend? Onforce. Jesus Christ alone founded Hiserapire on love, and to this day railUonswould die for Hira. Men wonder at theconquests of Alexander, but here is a manwho draws others to Hiraself for theirbighest good, who unites to Hiraself nota nation, but the whole huraan race." Theway in which Christ gained such influenceover raen is the way in which Hisdisciples can gain their grealest infiuenceover their fellow-men. That disciple thatwill save his life shall lose it, but the disciplethat loses his life to self and livesfor others shall not only find it, but multiplyit a hundred fold. Earth's greatestbenefactors are those wbo have giventheir lives in sacrifice and service forothers. Paul, who "sought not bis o"wnprofit, but the profit of others that theyinight be saved," was the greatest benefactorof bis age. Not a tithe of what hedid is recorded in the Acts and in hisEpistles. By the time he had finished hiscourse he had touched more human hearts,lifted more men from tbe mire of sin, andexerted a greater infiuence on bis age thanany other man. And this because hecounted nol his life dear to himself that hemight save others.A recent writer says that nearly all thereforras in Bngland of the past ceniurywere due chiefly to tbe presence and influenceof one man—Lord Shaftesbury.He lived for the poor and do"wn-trodden ofbis country. He gave bis life for reformacts and corn laws; he emancipated enslavedboys and girls who worked in factoriesand mines; he founded some fortyindustrial, ragged and trade schools; heestablished shelters for the poor and homeless.When Parliament, of which he wasa raeraber, would adjourn at midnight, hewent out in search of poor prodigals, andoften in a single nigbt brought as many asa score to shelter. AVben he died and hisfuneral procession passed through thesquare at London, the streets for a mileand a half were packed with an innumerablethrong. The costermongers raised abanner on whicb were these words: "Iwas siclc and in prison and ye visited me."The boys frora the ragged school lifted abanner with these words: "I was hungryand naked and ye fed rae." Lord Shaftesburyrenounced the self-life and lived touplift the poor and down-trodden, and byso doing not only gained an influence overthe lower classes of society, but in theBritish Parliaraent his influence was sogreat that he was able to aeeoraplish reforrasaffecting the whole erapire.But not to the great alone is it given toexert a great influenee on others. Veryhurable lives that have been lived for thegood of olhers bave done rauch to aUeviatethe woes of sociely and lead raen to betterliving. The two raitescast into the treasury,tbe alabaster box of ointraent pouredon the Saviour's feet, tbe cup of coldwater given in His name—all humbledeeds of humble persons—not only receivedthe Saviour's commendation, buttheir influence bas eome down through the

generations even to the present time. Dr.Cuyler tells tbe following story: "In theeity of Worcester there on.ce lived a recklessyouth who seemed abandoned both ofGod and man. He spent his nights in therevelries of the dram shops, and bis daysin the waking remorse of a drunkard. Ona certain Sabbath afternoon he was saunteringthrough the square of AVorcesterwhen a kind voice suddenly saluted him.It was from a stranger who touched bimon the shoulder and said, very cordially,'Mr. Gough, I beUeve ?' 'Yes, sir, that ismy name.' Then followed a few kindwords frora the benevolent stranger, witha,pressing invitation to corae over to ourmeeiing to-morrow nighl, wbere I will introduceyou to good friends who will helpyou to keep a temperance pledge. Thepromise was made on tbe spot. Tbe pledgewas taken and by God's help kept to theday of bis death. He who was tbus instrumentalin the reformation of John B.Gough was a poor, humble bootmaker—Stratton by name. But to measure tbe influenceof the bootmaker you must measurethe influence of John B. Gough, whotouched more hearts to tears tban anyother man living on tbe globe. Methinks,when I listen t© tbe thunders of applausethat greet John B. Gough in vast crowdedlecture halls, I am only hearing the echoesof that tap on the shoulder under the elmsat Worcester." No one's calling so hurable,no one's ability so meager, that hemay not exert an influence on the worldthat cannot be measured.IV. Our influence is imraortal. Ifman had no life beyond the grave he wouldstUl be iramortal. Tbere would slill befor him an earihly immortality. Por tbeinfluence of a man's life lives as long asthe world lasts. Man bas a double life—-a personal life and a life of influence.His personal life, so far as this world iseoncerned, ends with his deatb. But hisQuestions of the Hour. 37life of influence has' then scarcely morethan begun. Tbere are many men wbodo ten-fold raore harm or good in theworld after their death than before it.For whatever good or evil they have doneduring their lifetirae, goes on producingits effects upon succeeding generationslong as the world lasts. The judgment isnot unlil the end of the world. For whatreason? Tbis, araong otbers, that man isto be judged for all tbe good or evil hedoes in the world, and be is doing good orevil, not only from the tirae of his birthto his death, but frora tbe tirae of hisbirth on to the end of the world. GeorgeEliot "writes of tbe choir invisible:"Of those imraortal dead, wbo live againIn rainds made better by their presence:In pulses stirred to generosity.In deeds of daring rectitude; in scornFor miserable aims that end witb self.In thoughts sublime, that pierce thenighl like stars.And witb tbeir mild persistence urgeman's searchTo vaster issues."The firstverse of tbe Acls reads in tbisstrange way: "The forraer treatise haveI raade, 0 Theophilus, of all that Jesus began,both to do and teach, until tbe dayin whieh He was taken up." Tbe forraertreatise is the gospel according to Luke.In it Luke gave an account of tbe entirelife of Christ, closing witb an account ofHis death and resurrection. Here he saystbat in his gospel he gave an account onlyof what Jesus began to do and teach.•What does be raean ? That Christ duringthe thirty years He lived in tbis world didnot coraplete but only began His work.Christ is living in the world to-day, teachingHis truth, doing greater works tbanwben He was bere in person on tbe earth.So we believe that if we were able to tracethe influenees that every huraan being sets

38 Questions of the Hour.in raotion, measuring accurately their down his constitution, and he died. Buteffect on succeeding generations, we would was that the end of his life ? Only its beginning.find that every man does raore good orSorae years later tbe story ofbarm after his death than while he lives. bis life of sacrifice for the slaves ofAt tbe close of every man's biographytbese words raight be written, "This is anaccount of all that this man began to doJaraaica crossed the Atlantic and cameto the ears of young Wilberforce, of England,and nerved him with courage invincibleand teach until the day of his death." Porto fight the long battle in thewhat is this world to-day but the sum British Parliament for the freedom oftotal of all the lives of former generations ?The present generation did not begin lifeBritain's slaves. Not only was Wilberforceable to secure the abolition of the Africanempty-handed. It had as its inheritance slave traffic, but largely through his infiuenceall the past; all the wealth, inventions,the institution of slavery was out­education, literature, liberty, religion of lawed in all the Britisb colonies. Whenthe past; all past reforraations were Wilberforce died, he went up to God carryinghanded do"wn to us as so rauch capital within his hands the broken shackles ofwhich to begin life. We take this capital twelve million slaves. Wilberforce is livingand add our increraent of good and evilto-day and ever will live in the lives ofto il—interest, we raay call it—and hand the millions he freed. Living also is thatthera down to the coming generation, sothat he who lives in any one generationlives in all succeeding generations.We are reminded by every passing trainthat AA'^att is still toiling for humanity.young iloravian missionary, whose life ofsacrifice filled the heart of Wilberforcewith courage, and anointed his lips "witheloquence, as he waged the battle of morethan a quarter of a century's duration inFranklin harnessed the lightning for all the Parliaraent for the freedora oftime. Cyrus W. Field is still sending Britain's slaves. His life helped to strikecablegrams across the ocean. As we read the shackles frora England's raillions,andPaul's Epistles we are reminded that "he recrossing the Atlantic lent strength tobeing dead" these eighteen hundred the hand of Lincoln as he signed theyears, "yet speaketh." About a century Eraancipation Proclaraation. The influenceago a young iloravian missionary caraeacross the Atlantic to Jaraaica to carry of that life, lived raore than a genera­tion ago, is raarching down through Thethe gospel to the negro slaves. These generations, and will continue its raajesticslaves were subjected to such outrageous raarch long as the world stands. Trulycruelty at the hands of their white raasters our influenee is iraraortal.that they refused to listen to the missionary.What kind of an influence are we exert­Despairing of gaining an influence ing? Is it for good or evil? Are otherover them, he at last had hiraself sold as lives being made better, purer, happier bya slave and labored with thera in the sugar our lives, or the reverse? To exert theplantation under the overseer's lash. Fellowshipright kind of an influence on our fellow­with thera in their sufferings men we must be Christis, live in close fehgained for hira the desired influenee, andwhen the day's work was done, he gatheredthera about him and told them the storyof the cross. But the unhealthful cUraatelowship with Him, and becorae like Him.It is a wonderful power witb which Godhas endowed us—this power of influence.AA^'e are Uving far better or worse thanand the severity of his labor soon broke we think. By giving an iraraortality to

Questions of the Hour. 39our influence, God has invested life witha dignity and grandeur. By living in tbeworld a few sbort years we can influenceit throughout all the future generations.This makes living sublime. The thougbtof it takes all drudgery out of life.It lifts the common tasks of life to ahigh plane. It forbids us to waste lifein idleness. It calls upon us to let no daypass without doing some good deed toour fellow-raen. It calls on us to renouncethe self-lif e and live for otbers thatwe raay raultiply our influence for good.The grand worlc accoraplished by thosewho have lived in earnest for tbeir fellowmen,sels before us the possibilities of ourlives, and should lead us to a high andlofty service for huraanity."Lives of great raen all reraind usWe can raake our lives sublirae.And departing leave behind usFootprints on tbe sands of tirae."Footprints that perhaps anotberSailing o'er life's soleran raain,A forlorn and shipwrecked brotherSeeing, shall take heart again."Let us tben be up and doingWith a heart for any fate;Slill achieving, still pursuing.Learn to labor, and to wait."One man asked another, "If you had one hundred sheep, would you give flftyofthem for God's work ? " He said to bis friend, " I would be wiUing lo give fifty.""Well, you would not be willing if you bad one hundred cows?" "Oh, yes, Iwould." "You would not do il if you had one hundred horses ? " "Yes, I wouldeven be willing to give fiftyhorses," " Ifyou had two pigs, would you be wiUing togive one ? " " No, I would not; and you have no right lo ask me wben you know Ihave two pigs."—Regions Beyond.An Ulustration of halting between two opinions, used by a student in Training Institution,New Hebrides : Sucb a raan is like a pigeon that lived in a wood betweentwo streams. It was thirsty. It beard tbe waler running on one side, and tbought,"I'U go and drink." It was about to flyoff wben it heard the water on the otberside and thought, "No, I'U go tbere." It could not raake up its mind to which itwould go, and it sat there on the tree, raaking up its mind to go here and to go there,tin at last it died of thirst.NewVork, Jan. 22, IQ02.Received, through olive trees, from the YoungPeople of Second New York, Five Hundred Dollars towardsthe salary of their Missionary for igo2.$500.00(^^Ua^^yx^

40 News of the Churches.N E W S OF T H E C H U R C H E S .ABROAD.Latakia, Syria.—A leiter frora MissMaggie B. Edgar, under date of Nov. 27,1901, contains an item or two of generalinterest:School has been going on very quietlyand pleasantly since opening day. Wehave forty-four boarders—all tbere isroom for—and the day school has a fairattendance, considering all things, aboutthirty-five. * * * Miss Wylie bas avery large school tbis year, and she is shortof teachers. It will be hard work for herwithout more belp. * * * AU arewell. We are having beautiful weatherafter the firstrain.A leiter of the sarae date frora MissWylie contains additional iteras:* * * I bad to give up one of myteachers. She is a married woraan. Thisis ber husband's last year in the TheologicalSeminary in Marash, of the A. B.Mission, and sbe wished to teach this year.But her lillie child, whom she bad left inKessab with her raother, took siclc andshe had to go to it. I- was sorry, as sbeis a very efficient teacher. She was raisedin our Mission and trained in the MersinaScbool, where she taught, as well as forMiss Cunningham in Suadia, before hermarriage. * * * j .j^jj^^ always followwith inlerest the work of ber husband forChrisi. * * *I loolc the girls out one day last weekfor a picnic, and I never saw children enjoytheraselves raore. It did one good towatch thera, and it was a wonder to seemore than eighty children play witbout aquarrel.About a raonth ago Mr. Stewart and Dr.Balph visited Baharara, where service washeld on Sabbath. They also went to theMergh to see Eahil Daoud, wbo has sufferedso long. Sbe was very glad to seethera, and urged thera to stay longer, asthe sight of tbem did her good. She sentber love to us all and said sbe wished shecould see us before sbe died. She has expressedher faith in God and trust in theEedeemer. I think of ber as tbe merry,pretty girl she was in school.A week ago last Sabbath Dr. Balphwent to Jendaria, where be bad service inthe forenoon, at whicb tbe brethren anda good many others were present, and inthe afternoon, after treating fifteen ortwenty patients, be held another meetingthat was well attended. Last week hevisited Gunairaia to see the sick there.A few days ago the Austrian steamerlanded a sick woraan at tbis port. Shewas very old and feeble and dirty. Shewas a Jewess, and wanted to go to Jerusalerato die there. But she could notstand.lhe voyage. The captain and doctorof the ship were afraid sbe would die andthen their vessel would be quarantined,and so they put her off. Dr. Balph wasasked to talce her inlo the hospitah andbe did, but there was no one in all thetown who could talk lo her. It was verypitiful. She died two days afterward, andMiss Dodds was rauch grieved that therewas no way to direct her to the Saviour.She had an Old Testaraent in her ownlanguage.Suadia, Syeia.—A letter frora Eev. J.Boggs Dodds, dated Nov. 28, 1901, wiUbe read with interesi:Our past coraraunion season was a mostencpuraging event. Eleven souls werebaptized and five new naraes added lo ourroll, of whicb four were baptized and one

News of the Churches. 41received on profession of faitb, who hadbeen baptized in infancy in the Kessabchurch, her parents baving been membersthere. The attendance was unusuallylarge that day—no doubt owing to specialinvitations given to many—two of whomwere Fellaheen who bad never seen aChristian service before.Of tbe eleven baptized, one was a girl ofour school and two were boys out of ourschool. These were all of about the sameage, and gave very satisfactory evidence ofconversion. There was no remarkable experiences,but the daily life of eacb formore than a year attested a change ofheart very clearly. The two boys seemvery sincere in their prayers, which aredevoid of all "stock" expressions, wbicbare heard in alraost every prayer. One ofthese boys is Debo, of whom you baveheard before. He has been entirely castoff by his people, and we have let him stayhere for two years. Poor boy! He isgreally afflicted wilh diseased lungs. Buthis happy mood raakes hira a generalfavorite. Abend, the otber boy, is quiteas well liked, but has been here less invacations. These tbree are FeUaheen.One of our teachers and Abend set off tovisit a noted sheikh among tbe FeUaheena few days before comraunion. Theirtalk was of the Lord's Supper, and professingCbrist before tbe world. SaidAboud, "I bad a dream. Beforeme was a door through which I desiredto enter very, very much. But itwas sirong and securely locked. Nevertheless,I pushed against il with all raymight and it opened, and I was so happy.But my joy soon perished, because therewas another door just like it. But Ipushed hard again and it opened, andso in my dreara twenty doors withstoodme, but every one gave way to ray strongeffort. At last I saw before me a heavilybarred and grated window. The scenebeyond was very beautiful wilh trees andflowers, birds and green grass and fallingfountains, but that window was too strongfor my feeble- strengih. High up in thewall I saw a very sraall window withoutbars. But I thought that it was irapossiblefor rae to pass tbrough it, or even toreach il. At length a woraan came pastme and raade straight for the little window,and by resolute effort enteredthrough the window—tbe little window.I took courage and by a great struggle Igot through. Then I was glad, and sofllled with peace. I saw a flg tree witbsorae very delicious flgs, and I pulled andate one—so sweet—I had never tasted anythingso delicious. But at once I became abranch on that tree, and then some wbocame by laughed at rae and jeered at mefor being a flg tree brancb. But I was•content and happy in bearing such sweetfruits. Then I awoke," said Aboud in bisquiet way, and walked along silently fora few steps, then added, "I do not knowthat the dream means, anything, but itwas that woraan gave me courage."Nor do I conjecture concerning tbedream, but I pray that he raay be a lusciousfruit bearer.Another deeply interesting incident ofour coraraunion was the experience ofAhraed, one of our boys, wbo bas been twoyears in Latakia at scbool, and wbo joinedthe Church there, being baptized over ayear ago wilh Israaeeh another one of ourboys. These are Fellaheen. Ahraed hadbeen very satisfactory in bis deportraent,bad won his way wilh sorae of the bretbrenfrora the old Christian sects, who are alwaysdifficult to persuade that a Fellahcan be converted. He had attended allthe preparatory services, and showed anunusual concern, but I had attributed itto his warraer hearted style of Christianity.But I was nonplussed by hira notcoraing to gel his token on Saturday even-

42 News of the Churches.ing. After tbe close, of the service helingered until I could speak to him privatelyas to his reason for not coming fora token. He said: "I am in great fearof the anger of ray father. I bave nevertold bim yet that I am a Christian." Italked with him quite a wbile, and hadothers talk with me, and finallylet hira gohome at sundown, commending him lo hisBible and his Saviour, and urging hira totell his father. Sabbath morning he cameto church, and when the candidates forbaptisra carae forward, he rose and walkedbefore the two boys of his own race andstood by them. It was, lo me, a beaulifulsight, although some were considerablydisturbed by it, so much so that one arosefrora the congregation and went to tellhira that he did not need to be baptizedagain. But I understood hira that he wascarrying out a suggestion raade to hira theevening before, that he corae forward withthose who needed encourageraent and gethis token witb those who were lo be baptized.His face was full of high resolution,although it cost hira and the othersto stand before those two sheikhs and confessJesus as their Saviour. This boy isnow about seventeen. When received byrae into school. Dr. Moore and I both feltthat it was little use, as he seeraed tobe weak-rainded. But I have good hopesthat he may be a helpful teacher. Thepoor fellow's left arm is quite witheredfrora a child, and is useless. His parentsare like many another family here thisyear, having scarcely enough to keepstern starvation frora their door. To-dayI took hira in and we give hira a plaee thiswinter. He is just now painting with bisonly hand, and does anything that hecan, so cheerfully. One Uttle boy has hada two days' bilious speU, and was lonelyin the dorraitory by hiraself. I went thisevening to see the boys to bed, taking mylantern and entering by a private door.There was Ahmed sitting in tbe dark andthe smaller cbild asleep. In answer tomy questions, Ahmed said, "Poor fellow!I thought he would be lonely by himself."He was doing what be could lo let hislight shine in the dark.I hope that the Cburch will not be discouragedby tbe meager results, but ourhearts are full of praise to God, and welook for "showers of blessings" where nowwe have drops of proraise. Our faith isin His Word and in the Holy Spirit, andour hope is in the future. I wish thatsome of ray rainisterial brethren couldhave a few turns with rae in this lovelyvalley of the Orontes, with ils sofl carpet—raud ankle deep wherever you wish fogo, and a hundred yawning ditches toreceive you. They would tben understandwhy we are delighted to see even a veryfew being added to tbe Church. Tell thepeople at horae that next spring the mudwill make good going, and that the futureis full of proraise to all who work infaith. "Fear not, little fiock"—that fitsus, and we ask those good co-workers athome to hope on—to pray on—to work on.A letter of the sarae dale frora MissCunninghara contains the following items:Tbere have never been so many childrenin our schools as this year—sixty daypupils in the girls' school. I trust theywill keep on coraing. If they do we willrequire raore roora, more seats and raorehelp. Probably a good raany will be unableto corae when the rains set in. Sofar the weather has been fine and dry, butthis is a terribly rauddy place in rainyweather. II is as rauch as I can do lo extricaterayself frora the raud, and quiteirapossible for little girls. So we hardlyexpect thera when it rains, and when tlieweather is fine again and they corae baclc,we find that they bave largely forgottenwhat they had been taught, and in many

eases have lost their books as well andhave to begin again.The cbildren all come to Sabbathschooh and many of the women, too. Theserrices are well attended, and it is aboutall we can do to accommodate the people.This week there were seventy women presentat the mothers' meeting, and as mostof them had a baby and several two orthree cbildren, we were packed like sardines,and several could not get into theroom. Yet we had a quiet, orderly meeting.In tbeir own religious cereraoniesthe woraen are of no account, and are notexpected to take any part, and consequentlylhey keep up a constant chatter, talkingin their ordinary tone of voice abouteverything and anything. It is quile astep to get tbem to keep quiet when oneis reading or praying.Our comraunion was a day long to beremembered. There were eleven baptismsand five new coraraunicants. Of the twoboys, Debo and Aabod, you have beardbefore. Falcon, from the girls' school,who has been with us five years, bas nomother, and worse tban no father. Mokhieland his wife have been constant adherentsfor the last tbree years. She wasoriginally a Protestant and be an Arraenian,but practically heathen both of them.She first began to come to the women'smeeting. Then they bolh began to attendchurcb services, and are trying totrain their children for Christ. They bavebeen kept from tbe fear of man.People here live in fear of one another.It is a cruel bondage. Por instanee, if awoman had heated a pan of water to batheher children and a neighbor came in, tbewater, often carried from quite a distance,would have to be thrown out, or thechildren would contract some skin disease.Again, if any of the baby's garraents wereon the floor and any stranger, no raatterwho, should accidentally step on tbem orNews of the Churches. 43touch them in any way, soraething terriblewould happen the baby. Last week I wentto see a woraan whose baby died a fewweeks ago, and she said: "Ob, tbere wasnotbing wrong with ray baby, but such aone," naraing a woman I know very well,"came in and my baby pined away afterwardsuntil she died." This woraan hasbeen attending our raeetings for over ayear and never raisses a day, wet or dry,and that is all the length she has gotten.It is wonderful the hold these superstitionshave on thera. None but God canbreak the chains and let the prisonersfree. Thanlc God for the sowing tirae.He will also give a reaping tirae.Cypects.—The news, that sorae one hadcontributed $1,500 to rebuild the chapelat Larnaca, was received there Thursday,Nov. 28, 1901, and raade it a day of realthanksgiving to the Mission in Cyprus.Tbe previous week Dr. Moore bad raadea visit, with Mrs. Moore and the childrenand Mr. Deraetriades, whicb he thus describes: "We were well received. It wasnoon when we arrived, and by the tirae Ihad put up our horse and taken dinnerthere were between eighty and one hundredpeople around us. I spoke to themand read the story of the young ruler. Itben attended to the sick, and nearly allremained to hear Mr. Demetriades."A priest present was very friendly, andall aslced us to corae again. There was noopposition, but, if the Bishop of Larnacahears of our visit, be will sow tares,I am sure, wbich we will flnd next trip."Eev. Henry Easson has sent us the followingreport of the work of tbe colporteursfor the six months ended Nov. 30,1901:They have visited tbree cities and sixtyfourvillages. Some of the latter might becalled sraall cities.

44 News of the Churches.They have read the Word of God to1,257 persons, of "whom over two-thirdswere not able to read it for theraselves.Tbey have conversed about tbe Bibleand salvation through Jesus Cbrist aloneto about 2,000 persons, when tbey had noopportunity lo read to thera.They have sold 283 voluraes—viz., 19Bibles, 48 New Testaraents and 216 portions.The sales were raade in eleven differentlanguages—naraely, Arabic, Arraenian,English, French, Gerraan, raodern Greek,ancient Greek, Hebrew, Italian, TurkishArabic type and Turkish Arraenian type.They say: "The coraraon people have adesire to hear the Word of God, and acknowledgethat they do not live as it requires,but they do not repent and obeythe gospel."The colporteur in Nicosia was drivenfrora one of the club rooras, threatened andforbidden lo return, but he says that as arule, both in the cities and in the villages,the people are kind and attentive—insorae villages the Muhlars (chiefs) wouldinvite the people to come logether andask the colporteur lo read and explain tbegospel to them. The colporteur in Kyreniasays: "When in a village coffeehouse a monk came in and spoke againstthe society and againsi the Scriptures wewere selling, but as be eould not prove anyof his charges, and especially when tworaen who were present spoke in favor ofhearing, and reading the Scriptures, theraonk was put to silence."In another village a priest carae intothe coffee house and clairaed that ourbooks were corrupted, but when on coraparisonhe could find no fault he wassilent, but he went out and threatened thepeople, so that the next day no place wasopen to rae, and no one would give rae aplace to spend the night, so I gaihered upray books and blanket and went to thepolice station and stayed there all night.Many of the people pitied me, but theywere afraid to receive me into their houses.In the raorning, while going to anothervillage, I had to pass a steep hiU, and araan rolled a large piece of rock from thetop and it carae crashing into the roadjust in front of us. The man ran awaybefore we were able lo recognize hira. TheLord preserved us frora harra."Thus the conflict continues betweengood and evih bul we know that the victoryis ours, although it raay be delayed,,for He who is with us is stronger than hewho is wilb our opponenis.Letters of recent dale frora Cyprus intiraatethat owing to the failing heallh ofMr. and Mrs. Easson, they will not beable to reraain in the field, and will probablyleave the island early in the year, returningto America in the spring or summer.The churches do not need lo be requestedto reraeraber tbese beloved missionariesin prayer in the hour of theiraffliction. The work is the Lord's.Mersina, Asia Minor.—Under date ofDec, 24, 1901, Eev. R. J. Dodds writesas follows :Nov. 10 I held coraraunion in Tarsus.Dec. 15 I dispensed the Lord's Supper inAdana. At eacb place tbe nuraber of comraunicantspresent partaking of the feastwas twelve, I believe. As usuah they werepleasant occasions. In former place I receiveda raan and his wife into the raembershipof the Churcb. In the latterplace a raan and his wife and two olherraen—one a brother of the woman's husband.One young man who has been studyingthe Scriptures very diligently for ayear, and whora I hoped would make aprofession of faith, made no appUcation,and yet I hope he will by and by.In ilersina raeetingscontinue to be well

News of the Churches. 45attended. I hope to hold communionshortly after the New Year vacation—when the schools have resumed work.China.—In a, private letter, written atCanton, Nov. 15, 1901, Miss Jennie B.Torrence speaks of herself and Dr. Georgeas engaged in tbe study of tbe language,and expresses the bope of early reinforcements."We can see," she says, "the needof many laborers, and pray there will bethose who are ready to help in this greatharvest."As soon as practicable after the arrestof tbe anti-foreign uprising in the summerof 1900, Dr. Arlhur J. Brown, Secretaryof the Presbyterian Board, was sentto China to inquire into the conditionof its missions. He spent four months inthe field and has embodied the result ofhis observations in a most interesting report,of which we have received a copythrough the courtesy of Secretary EobertSpeer. His story of the sufferings anddeath of missionaries and Christian convertsis full of pathos and furnishes fresbproof of special energy wrought into menand women wben the grace of God takeshold of thera. Dr. Brown attributes tbeoutbreak to the combined influence ofthree forces: Foreign commerce, Europeanpolitics and Cbristianily. In reply tothe silly critics who would hold the missionarieschiefly responsible, he expressesthe conviction that, "if no other force hadbeen at work than the foreign missionary,this anti-foreign agitation would neverhave started," and quotes as an endorsementthe words of Dr. H. H. Jessup, wboexclaims witb fine scorn: "Tbe missionariesresponsible, indeed 1 Tbe diplomatsof Europe know better. Had tbere beenno grabbing of seaports, no forcing ofmodern improvements and Europeangoods down the throats of the Chinese, themissionaries would have been let alonenow as in tbe past." Then follows thetestiraony of such raen as Hon. Geo. F.Seward, President Jas. B. AngeU, Hon.Charles Denby, former United StatesMinisters to China, ex-Secretary of StateJohn W. Foster, counsel for the ChineseGovemraent in the settlement witbJapan; Consul-General Goodnow, ofShanghai, and others whose experiencegives them the rigbt to speak with authority,and tbese men are a unit in stampingsucb blatant criticisra as unfair, and unjust.Especially interesting is tbe raessagethat Governor Yuan Shih Kai sent tothe Baptist and Presbyierian raissionariesof the Shantung Province tbis spring:"You, reverend sirs, have been preachingin China for raany years, and without exceptionexhort raen concerning righteousness.Your church custoras are strict andcorrect, and all your converts raay well observethera. In establishing your customs,you have been careful to see tbatChinese law was observed. How, then,can it be said that there is disloyalty ? Tomeet this sort of calurany I have instructedtbat proclamations be put out. Ipurpose hereafter to bave lasting peace.Cburch interests raay thus prosper andyour idea of preaching righteousness I canproraote. The present upheaval is of araost extraordinary character. It forcedyou, reverend sirs, by land and water, togo long journeys, and subjected you toalarm and danger, causing me manyqualms of conscience."Dr. Brown's discussion of tbe inderanityquestion and the relation of missionariesto tbe civil power is judicious andshould bave tbe approval of thinkingmen.Matters relating exclusively to tbe actionthat the Presbyterian Board sbouldtake in regard to its own stations and workare passed over as questions tbat do not

46 News of the Churches.directly concern our readers. But whathe says as to the vastness of the field andthe duty of a f orward_ raoveraentis of generalinterest. We would like to publishthis part of the report in full, but raust becontent with a single paragraph. It revealsthe true raissionaryspirit:"Trutb always overcoraes error. Progressinvariably wins the victory over blindconservatisra. The higher civilization issure to conquer the lower. * * * ^gare not wise above what is written wbenwe declare that the eternal purpose of Godcoraprehends China as well as America.He did not create these four hundred millionsof huraan beings to siraply fertilizethe soil in which their bodies lie. He hasnot preserved China as a nation duringthese forty-eight centuries for notbing.Out of the apparent "wreck the order of anew dispensation will corae—is alreadycoraing. Frightened raen thought tbat thefall of Eorae raeant the end of the world,but we can now see that it cleared tbe wayfor the gospel. Pessiraists feared that theviolence and blood of the crusaders wouldruin Europe, but instead lhey broke uptbe stagnation of the Middle Ages,and made possible the rise of modernEurope. The faint-hearted saidthat the Indian mutiny of 1857and the Syrian massacres of 1860ended all hope of further missionary workin those countries, bul in both theyushered in the raost successful era of raissions.We have long felt that the barrierswhich have separated China frorathe rest of the world raust,like the raiddlewall of Tien Tsin, be cast down and overthera a highway for all raen be made. Wedid not expect the process to be so suddenand violent. But the hanimer of God isdoing in months what would otherwisehave laken weary generations. Let us notbe discouraged because the air is still filled"with the deafening tumult and the blindingdust and the flyingdebris. Let us notlose heart and sound a retreat becausesorae 'of whom the world is not worthy'have been crushed in the awful rending.But let us utilize the new opportunitywhich is given us. Up to this time wehave been playing "with foreign raissions.It is now tirae for the Cburch of God tounderstand that its great work in thenew century is to plan this raovement ona scale gigantic in comparison with anythingwe have yet done, and, in a spiritof the broadest Christian statesmanship,to intelligently, adequately and prayerfullygrapple with the stupendous task ofChristianizing Asia."New Hebrides.—A private letter fromEev. Dr. John G. Paton, dated Kew, Australia,Dec. 10, 1901, contains many itemsof public interest:AVe feared Frank (Eev. F. H. L. Paton,of W. Tanna) would bave to return by laststeamboat, but in great weakness he holdson, in the hope of better health, as hishouse has been reraoved to higher ground.We feel very anxious about him. Latelyhe had one very bad turn, but as thespiriiual work in his district is so encouraginghe will hold on till he can nolonger carry it on. Oh, tbat God wouldspare him for it. War is all around his stationinland, war araong the natives is goingon, and when last letters left sorae fourteenpersons had been shot dead, and thewar going on by powder, bullets and riflessupplied by an Araerican trading withthe natives. If tbe United States had lastyear adopled the bill of Senator H. C.Lodge and Congressraan H. C. Gillett,tbese raurders might have been prevented,and no man knows bow many more willfall before these tribal wars stop. Lastraail brought this sad news about a fortnightago, and also the news of increasingsuccess on most of the islands in tbe con-

version of many to tbe worship, love andservice of our dear Lord Jesus Christ. Mr.Fraser, one of the missionaries of Epe,writes, that "on that island in the mountainsseveral savage tribes lived, wbo nowand again used to swoop down upon somevillage for murder and plunder., Aboutfive years ago an open-faced, pleasantlookingman, one of them, came and saidhe was tired fighting and wanted tbe missionaryto teach bim about tbe true God.He remained at the mission house abouttwo years, and then returned to his ownsavage mountains as a Cbristian teacher.After tbree years' work alone among therahe got the raissionary to go and spend aSabbath with hira and them. After aweary climbing journey, they reached thechurch on Saturday night and saw onlythe teacher's bouse and two or tbree morehouses near. After the teacber wentamong tbem, tbose mountain savages resolvedto exterminate the whole Christianpeople on tbe sbore. One day tbey wereall asserabled in a large fishing party unarmed.The savages bad surrounded theChristians before they knew their danger.They gathered together and prayed ferventlyto God to protect thera, and wbenlhey were all ready tbey raced and brokethrough the cordon of tbe savages, wbosent a hail of bullets in among tbem andafter tbem, yet they all escaped unhurt.The savages were araazed, and cried out,'Our buUets won't bit tbe Christians; bya miracle their God has preserved thera.'They returned borae and began to receivethe teaching of their missionary, who badadopted the name Paul. At daylight theChristians began to assemble, each partybringing with them a basket of food. Twohundred persons or so assembled to bearthe preaching of the gospel by Mr. Eraser,the missionary, and tbe teacher. Theylistened so attentively and behaved so wellhe said it was a joy to preach to them.News of the Churches. 47After tbe morning service, they all asserabled,the Divine blessing was invoked, eachfamily or person opened their baskets andvery quietly partook of their hurable meahand after a little rest they again asserabledfor worship, and at tbe close all shookhands and disappeared in the bush. Atdaylight next raorning about ninety appearedagain at the church for worship,and they had a joyful serrice. Thenpraising the Lord for all he bad seen, tbemissionary returned to his own station.They seemed to respect and love theirteacher, and eall bim 'Our Paul.' Theylive in sraall villages concealed in out-ofthe-way,inaccessible places—I supposefor greater safely in war; but tbe teachingof Jesus soon changes all their heathenhabits, giving thera 'peace on earth andgood will towards raen.' On Tanna anuraber of as wonderful incidents havelately taken place. Adored be our blessedJesus for the raighty transforming powerof the precious gospel. 0, that all felt it,and enjoyed it, loving and living forJesus.We have been led last week in deepgratitude to praise the Lord. After along, hard fight for it, Mr. Barton, thePrirae Minister, and the Senate of ourAustralian coraraonwealth, have, by a considerableraajority,passed a bill to graduallyabolish the Queensland shockingKanaka labor traffic within fiveyears. Forthis we bave wrought and prayed for overtwenty years, and now there is a good bopefor the future of our islanders. If theUnited States would only, like Britain,prohibit her Araerican traders frora giringrura and intoxicating drink, opiura andfirearras in barter to the islanders. Wetrust God may lead Britain to annex theNew Hebrides ere long, for the sake of thenatives, and our inission work amongthera, and for the sake of Australia, froraevery good aspect.

48 News of the Churches.This last eight days I feel as if I hadbegun to recover, and hope soon to be wellagain, but ara yet in pain and weaknessconfined to the house, and unfit for publicwork. My dear wife and I propose to goto the islands by next stearaer on the flrstof February, and "with change to ray belovedconverts and work araong them, Ihope I will soon recover and come backD. V. able for public service again. True,we wUl land there in the beginning of theworst part of the fever season, what allavoid, but being unable for work here Ifeel I ean do it there where it is raoreneeded, and we trust Jesus to give heallhand preserve us from all evil. I have theconfirmed, unwavering conviction that weare iramortal till our work is done, as arrangedby our dear Lord Jesus Christ; sohaving intrusted all to Hira, it "will be asHe wishes. Araen.India.—A reraarkable raovement is reportedby missionaries of the London Societyaraong the Shanars of the Salera districtin Southern India. "II is now tworaonths," writes Eev. Arthur Dignura,"since they"—sorae raerabersof that coraraunity—"caraeto see me late one nightto tell me of the beginning of the moveraentand to ask rae to visit the villagesand see for rayself. Mr. Scarsi and Mr.Eobinson went, and were greatly irapressedwith the possibilities of the situation.Last week Mr. Scarsi carae backfrora a third visit with the glad news thatseventeen villages were taking part in theraoveraent, that flve docuraents, raalcingover land and houses to the mission, hadbeen registered in the government office,and that tbe foundations of the firstChristianschool were being laid. I have neverknown land and houses handed over inthis way, and in my opinion it is an absolutelycertain guarantee of their goodfaith. Three of tbe Christians havepromised 100 rupees each, and an appealbas been prepared for circulation amongthe wealthier Christian Shanars of theSouth. It seeras likely that the wholeShanar coraraunity of the Salera district,nurabering over 60,000, will be affectedby this raovement, which proraises to markan epoch in the hisiory of the mission.Our hearts are full of praise and thanksgivingto God."In a letter, under date of Nov. 6, 1901,Mr. Dignura reports a conference that heand Mr. Scarsi held with forly headmenof the Shanars, representing eight villages."The headmen," be writes, "seatedtberaselves in front of Mr. Scarsi and myself,behind thera being about 1,000 villagersof various castes."Mr. Devasagayani conducted a briefdevotional service, and then delivered avery fine address, explaining the object ofthe raeeting. He was followed by three of'the Christian Shanars, each of whora gavea brief sketch of his own life. ThenSoloraon Nader, the raan who first beganthis striking work, delivered one of thefinest addresses I have ever had the privilegeof listening to. In the course of ithe told the beadraen tbal our raain objectwas not only to educate their children, butto bring thera all to Christ."After he had finished I asked thera ifthey were willing to pledge tberaselves tosend their children to school and to acceptthe ministrations of a Christian evangelist.They said, 'We agree!' But oneof the chief men said: 'We cannot atpresent speak for all our people. We raustconsult thera again.'"We got horae at last, thoroughly tiredout, but rejoicing at the raarked signs ofinteresi raanifested by tbe Shanars. Theraeeting was lo rae the most interesting Ihave ever attended in India."A few days previous to this Mr. Scarsihad visited another village, where a school

News of the Churches. 49and teacher's bouse bave already beenerected. After meeting with the leadingpeople, one of them said to him: 'Ourgods have gone to the mountains; yourGod is our God now.'"We are only yet at the beginning ofthis work. Mucb bas lo be done in thew-ay of teaching and organizing. Thepeople are ignorant and superstitious; butthey are willing to be taugbt. Pray forus, that we may be guided and blessed."Africa.—Two new missionary steamersbave been provided for use on themighty Congo and its affluents, and theypromise to be very useful in the work ofevangelizing tbat vast region. First wasthe S. S. "Lapsley," named in honor ofthat valiant young missionary of theSouthern Presbyterian Board who laiddown his life some few years since. TbisVessel was constructed at Eichmond, Va.,costing about $10,000 delivered at tbemouth of tbe Congo. She bad then to betaken to pieces, conveyed by rail to LeopoldviUe,reconstructed at the heavy costof over $8,000. To meel tbis total cost of$18,466, tbe cbildren of tbe SouihernPresbyterian Church bave given over $15,-000. The vessel is working admirably, havingraade the tour to Luebo and return intwenty-six days, a distance of about 1,800miles, thousands of natives welcoming tbesteamer with songs of praise and all sortsof demonstrations of joy. The Missionarysays: "Just ten years from tbe liraeour sainted young pioneer first landed atLuebo, araongst savages and in a countryhitherto wholly unknown, a beautiful vesselbearing bis narae on ber silken fiagsteams to the Luebo landing, amid thesongs of thanksgiving that rose from thehearts and lips of the multitudes tbatgreeted her."The other vessel provided for tbe Congois the steamer "Livingstone," built byfriends of the Congo Balolo Mission inmeraory of Mrs. Grattan Guinness, wbo aslong as her life lasted, did so rauch forthis raission. Tbe "Livingstone" was builtin Bngland, and, like the S. S. "Lapsley,"has to be taken to pieces and transportedby rail frora Matadi to Stanley Pool at acost of $10,000. Enorraous as tbis sumseeras, it is much less expensive than thecarrying by porters over the 250 milesaround tbe cataracts. No piece of thestearaer thus carried could weigh morethan ninety pounds. The flrstcost of thissteamer is already mel, but she will not besent out until tbe araount needed for hertransportation and reconstruction is provided.—MissionaryHerald.Mr. Frederickson, a Swedish missionaryon the Congo, tells of a nalive, namedMiongo, whose heart the Lord opened, andwbo, after having gone straight home andburned his fetishes, carae back and askedto be baptized. The missionary said thatbe had betier wait a little and put himselfunder instruction; but the youth, repeatingtbe text from wbicb the preacher hadspoken ("Eepent and be baptized in tbenarae of Jesus Christ for tbe reraission ofsins"), insisted that he did repent and believe,and that tbe seal of baptisra couldnot be withheld. So, after prayer andexplanation as to the raeaning of the rite,the immersion took place in the presenceof many of the villagers. Mr. Fredericksonpassed on his way and saw no more ofMiongo for two raonths, when be appearedat the raission station and asked to betaught to read the gospels, a copy of whichhe had bought with his savings. Helearned quickly, and when, a few raonthslater, an experience raeeting was beld, beread some verses from bis gospels, andspoke simply and acceptably to tbose assembled.In course of time he expresseda wisb to be sent out as preacher, and, as

50 News of the Churches.he had given proof of aptness to teach, bewas stationed in one of the Congo villages.Here he labored diligently, gathered anumber of boys, whora he taugbt, and whoassisted hira in building a sraall churcb,where, as the fruit of his labors, twentysixheathen have been baptized, and thirtymore are under instruction. In tbe midstof his activity he was arrested by an attackof "sleeping sickness," and his last wordswere: "I am going home to Jesus."—.Calwer Missionsblatt.. When in Bngland recently. BishopTucker, of Central Africa, made an addressin which he described the reraarkableprogress of raissionary work inUganda within the last decade. "Tenyears ago," he said, "the nuraber of baptizedChristians in Uganda was somethinglike 300. To-day it is 30,000, an increaseof exactly a hundredfold. Ten years agothere was but one church—one place ofChristian worship in the whole of Uganda.To-day there are 700. Ten years ago tberewere but some twenty native evangelistsat worlc; to-day there are sorae2,000, Baganda men and woraen definitelyengaged in the work of tbe Church—again an increase of exactly a hundredfold."In none of the adjacent kingdoras wasthe gospel preached ten years ago, butnow, through the missionary effort of thepeople of Uganda theraselves, there are inBungoro to the north, Toro in the west,and Bussogo to the east, well-organizedchurches that are seeking to extend aknowledge of Christ into the regions beyond.AT HOME.Allegheny, Fa.—Attention is caUedto these iteras frora Central Board ofMissions:Financial Statement:Overdrawn Expendi- OverdrawnDomestic Miss'on Dec. S1S5.01 1.1901. |38f,.24 Receipts, $592.00 tures. Jan. snr.ui 1. '"Southern Mission 383.81 B^9.60 4a1.66 96,87Indian Mission On 250,37 hand, 156.67 183,33 On 277.03 hand,Chinese Mission Dec. 1,1901, C8,34 63.S0 Jan. 1,1902.'Jewish Mission 119.86 119.16 100,00 126 00Sustentation Fund 366,56 73.60178,58Domestic Mission.—Notwithstanding •150,16the fact that attention has been called tothe action of Synod requiring clerks ofFresbyteries to let the Board know thearaount of the appropriation that had beenearned during the quarters ending March,June, Septeraber and Deceraber, no reportswere received at the January meetingfrom four Presbyteries, and in someof those received, the Board was asked tomake the calculations tbe clerks shouldhave made. That pastors and supplies entitledto aid may not be corapelled to waitthree raonths longer before receiving it,distribution will be delayed a short time inorder to afford those clerksi who havefailed to raake their reports, the opportunityto do so.It will be noticed that the DomesticMission Fund was overdrawn on Jan. 1$717.01.Chinese Mission.—Mrs. Johnslon hassevered her connection with the Missionand ilrs. Boreland is for tbe present incharge. During the year 1901 there were37 scholars enrolled. Tbe nuraber enrolledin Deceraber, 1901, was 19. Theaverage attendance was 12-1-1. The numberof baptized Chinese in connection withour raission living in Oakland is 10, inother places 6; 3 of these lalter are iaChina. Mrs. Johnston writes very favorablyof those who attended the school duringthe past year.Southern Mission.—The attendance attbe school is about tbe same as it was lastyear, except in room No. 1, where it hasfallen off sorae, rendering it no longernecessary to eraploy an assistant there.The measures adopted to secure prompt

attendance have proved successful. Theschool at Valley Creek, conducted by MissFoster, is doing well. The enrollment is33. It will be still larger. The tuitionis collected without much difficulty. Mr.Eeed preaches at this station once amonth.The audience is composed chiefly of cbildren.The scbool at Pleasant Grove is notso prosperous. Mr. Eeed preacbed therea shori tirae ago to an audience of about40.The Lord's Supper was dispensed onthe flrst Sabbatb of Deceraber. On theten evenings preceding, prayer raeetingwas held, and much interest was manifested.There was no accession.J. W. Speoull.Boston.—The National Reform Conventionof Boston was held in Park StreetChurcb Tuesday, Jan. 14. There werethree sessions—9 A. M., 2 P. M. and 7:30P. M. Thirteen addresses were delivered.Every speaker came to time. Eev. S. Mc­Naugher presided at the firstsession, andspoke on the theme, "Cbrist the King."He referred to the call of tbe Chrislianendeavor to preach on this subject as anencouraging sign of tbe times, and theassassination of President McKinley lastSeptember as God's providential call tothis people to kiss the Son. Eev. AddisonP. Foster, D. D., secretary of the NewEngland Sabbatb School Association,spoke on "Civil Government God's MoralOrdinance." He had not studied thisquestion as old-time National Eeformershave, and only sees men as trees walking.But his sight is improving. "Is the Constitutionof the United States Immoral ?"was answered by your correspondent in tbeaffirmative:1. In that it does not faithfully representthe Christian origin, history, characterand life of tbis nation.3. In tbat it does not at all recognizethe King of Kings.News of the Churches. 513. In that it contains unscriptural provisions.4, In tbat it is a fatal drug to the consciencesof our Christian citizens.5. In that it is a poison paralyzing tbeChristian life of this nation by secularism.6. In that it wrongs tbe ChristianChurcb, to whom kings are nursingfathers, and queens nursing mothers.Eev. A. H. Plumb, D. D., of the EoxburyCongregational Cburch, spoke on"The Necessity of Eeligious Education inOur Public Schools." He quoted DanielWebster: "The rightof the Slate to punishcrirae involves the duty to teachmorals." You cannot teach the bistory ofour country without God and Cbrist andthe Bible. You cannot educate withoutdeveloping body, mind and soul.Eev. J. P. Stoddard read a well-preparedpaper on "Anarchisra, the VeiledProphet of Assassination." It went to tbecore of the cancer.Eev. G. M. Eobb, of Syracuse, N. Y.,spoke on "Christ, the King of Nations."He reigns whether the nations acknowledgeHim or not. Eebellion against Himbrings judgments. Obedience bringsblessings. Col. Stephen W. Nickerson, attorney,spoke on "Chinese IraraigrationEestriction." He is counsel for three foreignconsuls, and often appears before theU. S. Suprerae Court. He is an expert.He gave an unanswerable arguraentagainst the Geary law. It is unconstitutional.It is in contravention of our treatywitb China, the Burlingame treaty. Itis unwise, as it tends to close the open doorto our trade. It is unjust and oppressive.Eev. A. C. Dixon, D. D., of the EugglesStreet Baptist Church, spoke on "TheSaloon Before the Tbrone of Christ." Itwas full of wit, pathos, invective, sarcasm,flre,pity, logic, eloquence, rhetoric.Only he could speak so. Eev. A. A. Berle,D. D., of the Brighton Congregational

52 News of the Churches.Church, spoke on "The Nation's Eesponsibilityfor the Protection of the FarailyAgainst Unscriptural Divorce." He designatedour divorce legislation as a scandalon our raodern civilization. Only onecause is allowable according to Christislaw.Benjarain F. Trueblood, LL. D., secretaryof the Peace Society, spoke on "TheEesponsibility of This Nation for EndingGreat Britain's Soutb African War byArbitration." He had visited Englandraany times. He found the best part thereopposed to this war, as the best part of ourpeople are.1. Our growing power among the nationsinvolves responsibilily for this war'sending.2. Great Britain is harming herself^a matter of grave moment to our nationbecause of our close relation to GreatBritain.3. Because the God of peace will chastiseus if we prove derelict in this crisis.Eev. Edward M. Taylor, D. D., of theHoward Street M. E. Church, spoke on"The EesponsibiUty of This Nation fortbe Constitutional Eights of Our ColoredCitizens." He spoke fervently, grandly,truly. Eev. Jas. H. Earle spoke on "TbeNation's Eesponsibility for the Sabbath."Eev. B. B. Bergeson, Lutheran Norwegianpastor, spoke on "Eorae and Araerica."This was clear, discrirainating and justlysevere. All the daily papers gave good reports.The Transcript devoted three anda half colurans. The American Citizengave a page and a half this week, and willgive two pages next week. The attendancewas better than herelofore.J. M. Foster.Cedarville, 0.—William Fowler, sonof Mr. and Mrs. E. J. Fowler, died onTuesday morning, Jan. 7, after elevendays of sickness with pneumonia. He wasborn Dec. 14, 1880. In the sixteenth yearof his age he joined the church, to whichhe has ever been devoted and faithful.He followed bis Master in life, and indeath he was not forsaken. When herealized tbat he would remain here but afew hours at the longest, be requested thepresence of his parents and brothers andsisters, that he raightspeak to them a lastfarewell. It was then that he prayed in araanner that showed the blessed triumph ofgrace in the heart. Surely he has goneto his home, to wbich during bis sicknesshe asked to be taken.And whereas it has seeraed good to ourHeavenly Father to reraove from us oneso young and promising, who was so faithfulin Christian duty and obliging in disposition,who will be so mucb missed fromtbe bome, the churcb and from the youngpeople's meetings, resolved:1. That we, as members of the YoungPeople's Society, hereby express the deepsense of loss which we feel in his removalfrom us.2. That we endeavor to proflt by hisexample to the end of increasing our devotionto our Saviour Jesus Christ, bywhom alone in life and in deatb comeththe victory through faitb.3. That we extend our sincerest sympathyto the parents and brothers and sisters,wbo in this Providence bave beendeprived of a raostdutiful son and affectionatebrother.Maey B. Eevin,Maey E. Sterrett,W. J. Sanderson.Chicago, III.—Tbe work hereis progressingfavorably, and tbe mission continueslo get a firmerfoothold in Chieago.We feel very grateful for the kindly interestmanifested by so many friendstbroughout the Churcb, but we would notforget thati hke Pauh we are debtors bothto the Greeks and to the Barbarians; both

to tbe wise and to tbe unwise. Many ofour members evidently are commencing torealize the importance of Chicago as astrategic point for effective missionarywork, and while we keenly feel the needof a cburcb building, we implicitly believethat God in His providence will give inproportion as we trust Him. He will givethat which is good.It is a choice privilege to be constrainedthrough tbe love of Christ to active missionaryworlc under adverse circumstances,and to succeed through power of the unseenHand directing the buman agency.It is not in man that walketh to direct hissteps. We now bave $1,000 on band forbuilding fund, and about $1,000 moreproraised, and we do not know of any reasonwhy we sbould not have a churchbuilding and parsonage even tbough ittakes tbirty or forty thousand to do itwith. Of course if we bad about $10,000we could put up a building to suit forsome tirae, and then add to it as occasionrequired.J. C. McC.News of the Churches. 53given and the kind words spoken, wereStaunton, III., is about forty railes sufficient evidence that the new pastor hasnortheast of St. Louis, and has a populationa warra place in the affections of tbe largeof about 2,500. Tbe congregation audience that was present.has been in existence for many years, butwas never large. The comraunion SabbathThe prospects of this congregation areencouraging. There is no division araongwas the second of Deceraber. Tbe the raerabers.They are united and inday was wet, but nol sufficiently so to preventthe members being present. Therewas no accession. Last spring severalunited with the cburch.On Thursday, Dee. 5, the commission toearnest. While the church building is notlarge, it is quite comfortable. The attendanceof outsiders on the Sabbath servicesis very gratifying. In many ways theyevince an interest in the welfare of tbeordain and install Mr. Benn met. The congregation. Doubtless sorae of themmembers were all preseni. The trialpieces were delivered, and after thatthe examination of tbe candidate was attendedto. In some Presbyteries tbis isa mere form. Not so in that of Illinois.There was a large audience present, all of-rs'O'**-whora, wilh the exception of two persons,reraained, until the hour for recess hadarrived. The questions were asked andthe answers given with sufficient distinctnessto be heard all over the building. Mr.Faris, the raoderator,exarained in Hebrew,Mr. Pearce in Greek, Mr. Crooks inTheology and Distinctive Principles, andMr. Elsie in Personal Piety. AU of theexarainations, which were at considerablelenglh, and the trial pieces were raostbeartily susiained. The raerabersof theCommission spoke in high terms ofcomraendation bolh of the trial piecesand exaraination. The serraon waspreached by the writer frora II.Timothy 4:2. Mr. Elsie made theordination prayer; Mr. Faris addressedthe pastor and Mr. French thepeople. The right hand of fellowship wastben given by tbe raerabersof the Coraraission,after whicb the officers of the congregation,tbe merabers and then thefriends carae forward and welcoraed ouryoung brother to his fieldof labor. Theheartiness witb which the welcorae waswill before long unite with us. Stauntonis a good raission field.Its young pastorhas the raissionary spirit. He will spareno pains eilher in the study or in outsideeffort to win success.J. W. Sproull.

54 Monographs.DE. GEOEGE'S FIRST MEDICALCASE.MONOGRAPHS.My first raedical case in China hasgreatly strengthened ray faith. I believeit will interest those who have sent rae.Miss Torrence and I are now living inCanton in tbe horae of Eev. Nelson—amissionary of tbe American Board. Weare studying the language here, as theraission house at Tak Hing is not yetready for us. Mr. and Mrs. Nelson andfive-year-old Faith and Miss Myers—theirteacher—raake us feel perfectly at horae,as you will know when I tell you that theyeven sing the Fsalras at worship for oursake.About three weeks ago a Chinaraan whoattends Mr. Nelson's services, and who isthe only Christian in his faraily, caraeasking that the doctor corae lo see hisraother, who was very sick. Mrs. Nelsonwished raelo take this one case, as it wouldgive her an opportunity to visit the woraenof that horae with the gospel, and, as I amwarnednot to spend all my tirae in study,I took the case. The man called sedanchairs for us and so you may iraagine usgoing each in a sedan chair carried bythree coolies through the narrow Chinesestreets—just the width of our alleys athorae. Put yourself in my place and iraaginethe interest you would feel in thisstrange ride through strange streetsthronged by strange people, and the shadeof anxiety which would creep in with thethought of the possibilities of good or illon such an errand. "Lo, I am with youalway," came to rae with new raeaning inthis new experience/ and I realized thatit was God's errand—not mine—and thatHe would work if I but believed.Our last turn brought us into a residencestreet—a little wider than theothers. I should say it was about twoyards wide. At the door of one of thesehouses our coolies stopped, and tbe carveddoor was iraraediately opened and we werecarried into a large roora—a sort of outercourt. Our chairs were set down on itstile floor and we stepped out. We saw atonce that this was a wealthy family. Thewomen of the faraily, with all the childrenand servants, carae hurrying to greet us.Sorae of the sraall-footed woraen—^not beingable to hurry on tbeir own feet—werecarried on the backs of their servantworaen. We were invited into the Uvingroora and lea was iraraediately served.The house was not luxuriously furnishedas a wealthy Araerican horae would be, butthere were evidences of wealth—carvedchairs, silver tea saucers, two-lined silverforks, silk bed quilts and plenty ofroora on the ground fioor,in a city house,etc. Subsequently we learned that theywere a raost unusual Chinese family inmany ways. They carried out raydirectionsraost rainutely. A trained nurse athorae could not have been raore carefulthan they were. They were evidently preparedof God. All along I have beenpraying for the people to whora I shouldbe sent that God would be preparing themby His providences for ray coraing, andhere I found this faraily far in advance ofthe people of their class, ready to receiveGod's raessengers graciously and with receptiverainds and hearts.At length we were invited into the roomof the patient, and followed by the entireretinue, and, it seeraed to rae, by all theneighbors. The case was a coraplicatedone. There was raarked dropsy, and I wasin doubt as to the cause of it. There wasa heart raurraur, and there was a circum-

Monographs. 55'scribed swelling under the left arra, extendingbalf way around it. This turaor,they said, had been there ten years, thedropsy less tban a week. The woraancoughed almost incessantly and laboredhard to get her breath, and there werethe physical signs of oedema of the lungs.The throng of faraily and neighbors aboutme as I examined the patient was disconcerting.The fact that tbey watched rayface and ray every raoveraent raade it hardfor me to thinlc. I felt tbal I must nothesitate or they would think I did nol understandmy business, and yet I neededtime to reason out in my own mind whatwas probably tbe primal trouble and tbe• wisest course of action. The use of tbethermometer and tbe stethoscope seeraedto irapress tbem favorably, but at last Ifelt I must prescribe, and looking to Godto guide to tbe best treatment, I wrote aprescription and promised to call the nextday. The family followed us out into thenext room and besieged us with questionsand offered us fruits. The next day wefound some improvement in the patient'scondition, but it was still critical. Tbefamily did nol show tbe least irapatience,as I had expected they would, althoughthey were very raucb concerned for her.They had red curtains bung in front of thedoor of her roora. Mrs. Nelson explainedlo rae tbat tbis was to deceive the evilspirits—^making tbem tbink it was a bridalchamber. The sound of her hard breathingfrightened them. They said tberemust be a little devil in tbere. Mrs. Nelsonspoke of the gospeh but they seemedunwilling to hear it. A few days latershe spoke of it to tbe old sick woman, andthe woraan replied, "I believe as far as Iknow. Tell rae how to worship your God.Can I worship him lying in bed ?" Tbinkof it! How wonderful is tbe condescensionof God! So far beyond tbe conceptionof tbe natural buman heart! A fewdays later the daughter said that she wasthinking of becoraing a Christian, andwished to unbind her feel. Unbinding isas painful a process as binding, and sheasked rae for a prescription for soraethingto ruh on to ease the pain. She will unbindher feet gradually, and sbe has alreadygiven me the sraall shoes she waswearing on our first visit. The length oftbe sole is exactly that of ray forefinger.The patient has steadily iraproved. Tbeturaor, being really enlarged glands, hasentirely disappeared, and wilh it thedropsy. I had fears that her lungs wereseriously affected, but they bave, cleared upwonderfully,and I feel tbat this sicknesswas lo the glory of God. Last SabbathMrs. Nelson read the gospel there to fifteenwho had nol beard it before.Tbose who support the China Missionraay feel that they had a part in tbal day'swork. Many spoke in their letters to raeof my going as a privilege, and well theymay. I ara praying that God will grantraany of you the sarae privilege. I believeHe is willing to if you earnestly seek it,and I feel tbat it is worth seeking. God'sproraise of a hundred fold in this presentlife to tbose who leave horae for Hirameans exactly what it says. Do not missthat blessing if it is yours. Think of it!The message I bave for that family andtbe opporlunity I now have to give it!They are exceedingly grateful. Both theson and daughter plead to be taken toTak Hing. The son wishes to teach usChinese, and both wish to study raedicine.Pray for thera that their lives raay tell forChrist in tbis country, which needs Hiraso, and for me, that soon I may be able totalk to them and help thera.Anotber thing wbicb will interest you istbat eacb time we visit them they handus a red paper, in which were neatly foldedtwo Mexican dollars, so that now Mrs.Nelson and I have each fivedollars gold to

56 Monographs.hand into our raissiontreasuries frora thiscase—not rauch frora a wealthy farailyyou may say, but yet our teacher feels tbathe is well paid to receive half that muchfor teaching six hours a day for a month.It is interesting as showing what can bedone here. I ara told by a prorainent surgeonhere tbal be could pay bis own salaryby outside calls if be had the tirae to takethe cases. One reason wby he can take sofew is that he has no trained nurse and noflnancial raanager in his large hospital,and his tirae is taken up with that work.Think how raucb wider would be his influenceand his preaching if he were relievedof that work inside the hospital and couldtake those outside calls. From what Ihave seen of the hospital work in China Ishould judge that a trained nurse in eacbhospital to train the native helpers wouldincrease the opportunities of the doctorsfifty to a bundred per cent. We need topray much for wisdom in opening thiswork.Canton, China. J. Maude George.CENTEAL ALLEGHENY CONGRE­GATIONS—A YEAE'S EECOED.Spring Garden Sabbaih School wasorganized in September, 1887. That localitywas selected beeause of its needs.Except the school house, there was nobuilding of a public character; none inwhieh a religious service could be beld.Those' who went to church or Sabbathschool were obliged lo go to the eity. Thegreat raajority reraained at horae. Thebuilding of a chapel becarae necessary onaccount of the action of the directors refusingto allow us to occupy the schoolhouse after a specified tirae. Two lotswere purchased and a suitable buildingerected in 1889. The school has prosperedfrora the first. Our present accoraraodationsare not sufficiently large. An adjoininglot has been purchased, on whichit is proposed to erect an addition as soonas the raoney can be raised. It is also intendedto have in the baseraent of thechapel a gyranasiura, reading roora, ete.This is necessary, as there is no place inthe borough in which the young raen canraeet and spend an evening except thesaloons and "club rooras."The lots cost $1,000. There remainsunpaid $900. On $500 of tbis no interestis to be paid for fifteenyears frora dateof purchase. The cost of the buildingwas about $1,500. There is no debt on it.About $2,200 will be needed for contemplatedrepairs. They will not be comraenceduntil the entire araount needed-israised. If il can be done, the old debt willalso be lifted.The statistics of the school for 1901are: Total enrollraent, 336; average attendance,170; teachers, 30; officers, 6. Inconnection wilb the raission there are aMission Band, a Junior C. E. Sociely anda boys' organization. The total receiptsfrom all sources for the year were$738.10. There were expended for supportof missionaries, $215.00; incidentals,$147.80; Sabbath school suppUes, $73.10;buUding fund, $68.69; jamlor, $52.50;foreign mission, $48, $40 of which went tothe support of a scholar in the Syria Mission;interesti $20; reUef fund, $15.15;home raission, $10.43; Dr. Balph's hospitah$5; lotah $55.67. There were additionalexpenses the pasl two years on accountof the damage done lo the foundations ofthe building by the high water. Theseare not included in the above statement.During the four suraraer raonths a studentis eraployed as a missionary, receiving$50 a raonth. Prayer raeeting is heldregularly every Wednesday evening, anda preaching service every Sabbath evening.The Lord's Supper is dispensed oncea year. At the late coramunion held onthe 12lb of January, there was an acces-

sion of two. The nuraber of merabers nowin connection with tbe Central congregationbrougbt in by the raissionis twentyfive.One drawback in connection with ourwork is a decrease in churcb attendance.Those who are engaged in the Sabbathschool in Spring Garden borough cannotbe present on Sabbatb afternoons. A numberwho live tbere attend regularly tbeservices in the chapel, and only occasionallyworship with the congregation in thecify.In May, 1895, we organized a Sabbaihsehool on Fountain Streel, Allegheny.This locality was also without any buildingin whicb religious services could beheld. The school was shortly afterwardsremoved to a building on CoraproraiseStreet, whicb we purchased and reraodeled,so that the flrst story could be used forSabbath scbool and cburcb purposes. Theprice paid was $1,000. A friend, Mrs. E.S. George, gave us $400, and bas kindlypromised us $200 more. All expenses forrepairs have been met. The debt on tbelot is $600. The school has done well.There is an average attendance of oversixty. A new building has become a necessity.A building fund bas been started bythe Junior C. E. Society. When tbe newchapel is erected, and we bope it will behefore long, the location is so commandingthat it can be seen from tbe lower part ofPittsburgb and Allegheny.There is in connection with tbis raissiona Junior C. E. Soeiety. The receiptsfor the past year from all sources were$163.60; $41 were expended for Sabbathsehool suppUes, $38 incidentals, $36 interest,$25 the missionary, $13.15 annualtreati $5 reUef fund, $5 national reform,$4.50 insurance, and $3 water.tax; totah$157.A student is also engaged here duringthe four summer montbs, receiving $50 aMonographs. 57raonth. Prayer raeeting is held everyAVednesday evening, and a preaching serviceon Sabbath evening. Four personshave connected theraselves with the congregationfrora this raission.The average attendance at the congregation'sSabbath sehool was about 75.The collections were $156.62, $59.83 ofwhich were given to foreign and doraesticraissions; the rest was applied to Sabbathschool expenses.The Chinese school raised $54, $30 ofwhich were applied to the education of aChinese boy in the Feking University, and$10 incidentals.The Missionary Society raised $268.32,of which $91 were for the sufferers of theIndian faraine, $50 foreign raissions,$36.25Indian raission, $28 support of two childrenin India, $25 support of our ownraissionaries, $23.53 shoes for India raission,$7.21 incidentals, and $6 congregation;total, $266.98. In addition two barrelsof clothing, etc., were sent to theSouihern Mission.The Young People's Band raised$88.98, of wbich $25 were applied to foreignmissions, and $65 to our own missionaries.Tbe J. W. SprouU Band raised $79.59,$60 of wbich went to the support of ourown missionaries, $8.10 to incidentals,$3.25 to help a Bulgarian student prosecutehis studies, and $3 to relief fund;lotah $74.35.The C. E. Society raised $102.35, ofwbich $60 were appropriated to our ownmissionaries, $13 to Eev. E. Teaz forchurcb debti $11.50 C. B. expenses, $10.10Balph Hospitah and $5 congregaiion;totah $99.60.Tbe total receipts of the MUe Societywere $55.69, aU of wbich, except $5, wentto congregational expenses. Tbe $5 wasgiven to the federation of churches.In addition to this, the congregation

58 Monographs.raised over and above wbat was needed toHOW CLOCKS OPENED CHINA FOEraeet congregational expenses, $413.19,CHEIST.which were applied as follows: Synod'sscheraes, $190.19; for aiding other congregationsto pay debt on church building orFor raany years after Jesus Christ hadlived in Falestine, a little bit of a countryon the Mediterranean Sea, the peopleparsonage, $186; Chicago Mission, $25;rescue work in Fiitsburgh, $12.way off in China on the Pacific Ocean hadTotal receipts for other than congregationalnever heard of the Saviour. Hundreds ofexpenses, $2,120.44. Total expen­years went by and the poor Chinese keptditures, $2,009.10. The above araounts on worshipping in the way their fathersdo not include what was given by raembers,had done—whicb was to sacrifice to theirbut nol through the treasurers of the fathers and their fathers' fathers—whatdifferent organizations and congregation. we call ancestor worship. We don't believeThis is our record for 1901. The congregationthat does very much good, especiallyis, so far as merabers and raeans as God is the Father of us all, and He willare concerned, only an average city congregation.hear our prayers without the burning ofThe different organizations incense and holy paper, or the bowingraise a large proportion of the raoneyneeded to carry on our work. The Sessionhas the oversight of all. We have beendown before images.Other Eastern countries were just asbadly off, knowing nothing of Christ, tillfortunate in securing earnest, devoted about 1540, soon after Colurabus hadworkers. Mr. Eobert Aikin has representedSession in Spring Garden Mission,and ilr. Jno. Aikin in the E. S.George Mission frora their organization.Mr. T. S. TrurabuU has been superintendentof the forraer alraost frora the first.It "will be seen from the statement thatthe congregation in carrying on its workhas not depended on large contributions.Except in two instances, one of whieh hasbeen referred to, it never received fromany contributor at one time more than ahundred dollars for its missions. Theother instance was an unknown friend inAustralia, who soraehow had heard of ourwork and sent a handsorae contribution ata very opportune tirae. It, with othercontributions, making, not including the$400, $500, wiU be acknowledged whenthe history of the congregation is written.We have faith in our missions. Our experiencesatisfies us that the E. P. Churchcan engage successfully in efforts to reachthe unconverted about us.J. W. Sproull.sailed west and had discovered Araerica.There was a wonderfully energetic manalive then, Francis Xavier by narae (pronouncedZav'e-er), who lived what ourPresident would call a strenuous life. Hewas never content unless he was preachingChrist to sorae heathen and baptizingthera. You raust read about hira sometirae; for it is not about hira that I wantto tell you, but about a raan who was bornthe same year that Xavier died, 1552. Imention this for two reasons: one is, thatXavier hoped and intended to enter Chinahimself, but died on an island just offthe coast; the olher is, that it has beensaid that the missionary zeal of Xavier enteredinto this raan, and he was successfulin taking Christianity into China. Hisname was ilatthieu Eicci (pronouncedEeet-chee).In 1580, when about Ihirly years old,Eicci carae to Macao, an island on whichthe Portuguese had a fort, off the southempart of China, near Canton, where thebest firecrackers corae frora. From that

Monographs. 59place be tried many times to enter intoChina and plant a mission station. Bachtime be was in a measure successful, buteach tirae tbe mandarin with wbom hehad become acquainted would move away,and then be would have to leave wbile hewas making friends witb the new officer.His best means of winning favor was togive away as presents many Western inventions,and chief among these wereclocks.Now as tbese raandarins kept raovingaround, just like Methodist rainisters,thefame of Eicci and his clocks reached evento the Emperor at Peking, the capital.The earnest missionary wanted nothingbetter than to establish a mission atPeking, so when he heard that the Emperorwas interested in the clocks, be gottogether a new and choice collection of thevery flnest, and started for that city. Hegot along very well in his travels, meetinghere and there a friendly mandarin, tillhe reached Tien-Tsin. Here be was detainedfor six monlhs, witb no prospectsof advance.But events will take a turn. One daythe Emperor inquired for tbose clocks!How the knees of the courtiers shook/His majesty was wroth. Let his subjectstremble. They did. One braver tban therest pulled himself together and spake:"Oh, Eraperor, tbou gavest fortb no writtendeclaration concerning this raatter,and who would dare bring in tbis dog ofa foreigner?" His wrath subsided, andEicci was sent for. In January, 1601,drawn by six horses and escorted by thirtytwomen, this firstChristian, armed witbhis clocks, entered Peking, the ForbiddenCity, with the Emperor's consent. Just300 years later, in January, 1901, we werereading of tbe soldiers of the Chrisliannations entering Peking from Tien-Tsin,but arraed witb guns instead of clocksand without tbe consent of the Empress.Civilization is advanced in various ways,but history still repeats itself.In due tirae the clocks of Eicci werepresented at the court, and the Eraperorwas in ecstasies over his gift; he sat andwatched thera work and strike; and appointedthree raen to the iraportant dutyof winding thera up, raaking it a specialoffice. Afterwards Eicci hiraself was presentedto the court. After raany bowingsand forehead knockings, be was usheredinto the throne roora. He raade his prostrationsin a raost hurable raanner, whenraising his eyes to the throne, he beheld—•that it was erapty. Yes, no Eraperor wasthere. What was the need? He was toobusy with other things, and the casket irapliedthe jewel! So the great Eraperorof the East instead of reeeiving bis guest,was tickling his fancy wilh his clocks andtheir strikings—probably the happiestpotentate on earth. And the audience wasended.Bul one day the clocks stopped. Whata hubbub there was! Consternationeverywhere. The special clock winderstrembled for their lives. Happiness wasgone. Heaviness had come. Still Eicciwas on band, and was hastily sent for, asa Daniel or a Joseph to interpret dreams.Wilh his raecbanical skill and knowledgehe was able to doctor the clocks, cleanthera and set them going. All was well;and Eicci was given the freedom of tbecourt. Not only so, but he bad unlimitedleave to preach Christianity in tbe capitalcity of the Chinese Empire, which he didfor the nine years that reraained of bisUfe.Eicci took lo bearl the Apostle Paul'sinjunction, "by all raeans to save some,"but from other events in his life we areled to think be changed it to raean touse all raeans to spread Christianity. Atany rate be used clocks as an effectiveraeans of enlrance, and the raissions be'

60 Monographs.established were kept alive and flourishedfor 125 years. In 1724, Christians wereforbidden entrance into China on penaltyof death. The door then locked was neveropened until 1842, and then but a crack,and our Eeformed Churcb was the firsttoslip in. al Amoy. Now all Christians bavefree access to any part of the Empire.God grant that this open door may neveragain be closed, and that Christians willseize the opportunity to set up the cross ofCbrist in the land of Confucius. Will youhelp ?—Francis K. TF. Drury, in ChristianIntelligencer.THB BLESSINGS OF NAPHTALI.Some years ago, when in England, wecarae across a newspaper clipping with thistitle, which we have handled so often thatit is nearly worn out. We do not knowtbe narae of the paper frora which it istaken. Evidently the writer had in raindthe words: "0 Naphtali, satisfied withfavor and full with the blessing of theLord; possess thou the west and thesouth." He gives these three conditions offullness, which we publish in OliveTrees, because lhey have been helpful tous and we wish to preserve thera and passthem on to others tbat we may all be morethoroughly qualified for the work of evangeUzation:"1. The condition of utter dependence,soul-emptiness, soul-capacity, not headability. For example, in 2 Kings iv., God'sfullness only flowed when vessels—emptyvessels—were brought into direct contactwith fullness. In 2 Kings iii., the valleywas only filled with water—life-sustainingwater, victorious water—when thevalley was empty, 'full of ditches,' full oferaptiness."2. The condition of union, living,vital touch, with Jesus, tbe Fount, theEeservoir. If the vessel be not brought tothe fountain, there can be no fullness.If the soul be not united to Jesus, theFloly Ghost cannot be given."3. The condition of communion. Unlessthe vessel be broughl to the fountainand kept under the flowing stream, therecan be no fullness. Unless the child ofGod brings the empty vessel of the heartto Jesus, and keeps it there, there can beno fullness. It was a profound saying ofM'Cheyne, that a 'broken-hearted sinneralone can receive a crucified Saviour.'"Having enumerated these conditions,the writer goes on lo say:"Sorae are never like Naphtali. (1)Because lhey never go to the right source.They turn aside to the broken, leaky cisternsof the world, to the polluted springsof vain and sinful pleasures. (3) Becausethe vessel is not kept under the fountainhead. The soul is out of right condition.There is a want of soul harmonywUh God. The chUd of God has beendrawn aside by the voice of the world; hehas ceased to abide in the true Vine; hehas begun to walk after the flesh; and thefullness has ceased to flow. (3) Becausethere is a leakage soraewhere."Christianity would sacriflce its divinity if it abandoned ils missionary characterand became a mere educational institution. When the power of reclaiming the lostdies out of the Church it ceases to be the Charch. Il may remain a useful institution,tbough it IS mosl likely to become an immoral and mischievous one. Where thepower remains, there, whatever is wanting, it may stUl be said that "the labernacleot God IS with men."—Professor Seeley.The human race is divided i^ito^o classes-lhose who go ahead and do somethingand those who sit still and inquire why it was not done the otber w^j.-Holmes.

Editorial Notes. 61EDITORIALNOTES.—Olive Trees costs only fiftycents ayear, or less tban a cent a week, exceptwhen mailed to subscribers in foreigncountries and in the Borough of Manhattan,N. Y., where it is published, wbenseventy-five cents must be charged to coverspecial postage. All comraunicationsshould be addressed toE. M. Sommerville,327 W. 56th Sti, New York.expense accounts which need to be curtailed.My earnest prayer for guidance—^We are very thankful to the friendswho have sent us the names of so manynew subscribers for 1902, one elder of anOhio congregaiion securing twelve in asmany minutes on the annual Fast Day.Might nol others co-operate witb us in thesame way? We are not pleading for ourselves,but for tbe cause that Oli"vb Treesrepresents. As many know, tbis paper isdedicated to missionary work, and, if thecirculation reached 20,000, all avails aftermeeting the bare cost of production wouldhave to be paid into the treasuries of theChurcb on tbe simple principle of honestyin dealing witb God.The elders can put tbis journal intoevery home in tbe Cburch. Tbey are thetrusted leaders and guides of the people,famiUar with tbeir circumstances andseeking their welfare. In no one way canthese ordained servants of Christ do moreto deepen tbe spiritual life of those undertheir pastoral care and hasten the comingof the Kingdom than by putting withintheir reach reliable information in regardto the needs of a redeemed world and the• claims -of its Eedeemer.—A few days ago we received a letterwithout any date from "A Covenanter.""This is tbe only signature. It was type-"'written and runs tbus:"In November Olive Trees I see tbestatement that the funds of tbe CentralBoard are much overdrawn, and that 'unlesstbe Cburch intends to abandon someof its mission work or greatly curtail itsoperations, there raust be a more liberalsupport of its schemes.' I ara sure thatin tbis harvest tirae we have no desire andno right to curtail our mission work, butrather to expand it. It is our personalin this matter has led me to offer myrings. They are valuable to me chiefiybecause they were gifls from dearestfriends, but, as tbe Lord's steward, I feelthat I have no right to wear His goldupon my finger, while His work is leftundone for the want of it. I am prayingearnestly tbat the debt may be raisedspeedily, and I believe that we can do it."Tbe rings are in our possession, butunless the donor reveals ber identity andinsists on tbeir sale, they will not be disposedof at present. A friend bas agreedto pay tbeir estimated value into the treasuryof the Central Board, hoping tbat sbewill consent to retain them for the sake ofassociations. The sacriflce is not necessary.There are thousands of dollars intbe Covenanter Church, lying idle, thatougbt to be at work, and, when the possessorsof tbat money are, through the indwellingSpirit, raade alive to their responsibilityto give as God has prosperedthem, there will be no lack of funds foreitber home or foreign missions. All thatis needed to double present operations inany of the fieldscould be given withonttouching "our personal expense accounts"or the sacriflce of a single corafort.—In December Olive Trees received

62 Editorial Notes.$1 for the raission in Syria frora Mrs.Evelyn Blair, Mankato, Kan.; $1 for theraission in China, and $1 for tbe buildingat Larnaca, Cyprus, frora Mrs. Mary J.Dunn, Quinter, Kan., with an earnestprayer that the blessing of God raay gowith tbe offering; and $30, or $4 each forthe Foreign, Chinese, Indian, Jewish andHorae ilissions frora Mrs. ilary J. Waite,Toll House, Cal. These contributions havebeen passed on to the proper treasurers.—Early in January there carae in $5for the raissionin Syria, and $2.50 for theraission in China, frora "A Friend of, Foreign Missions," Allegheny, Pa.—A letter frora Mr. J. B. O'Neill, datedDec. 38, 1901, inclosed, with renewals toOlive Trees, $39.16, the equivalent inUnited States currency of £6, "an annualcontribution frora 'Four Friends in Belfast,'in support of an orphan with MissCunninghara, Suadia, Syria." At theclose of his letter, Mr. O'NeiU, who is theeditor of the Reformed Presbyterian MissionNews, and an untiring advocate ofthe forward movement, says: "I trust tbemissionary enthusiasra on your side ofthe Atlantic will warra us on this side.We have need of a stirring and quickening."—A few weeks ago the C. E. Society ofthe Eighth Street Eeforraed PresbyterianChurch, Pittsburgh, Pa., sent to Mr. WalterT. Miller, through its treasurer, Mr.T. H. Boyd, $150 for tbe support of threenalive workers in China for 1902.—Dr. Wilbur F. Crafts, superintendentof the Eeforra Bureau, Washington,D. C, writes tbat the biU lo restrict Araericantraders frora selling firearms and intoxicantsto tbe natives of the NewHebrides, or any islands in the Pacific,within a given area, not "in the possessionof or under tbe protection of any civilizedpower," passed the Senate Jan. 8, 1903.It remains to be seen wbat disposition ofit will be made in the House. Much dependson petitions, and personal lettersfrora the people to their representatives.Its defeat last year was largely due to theindifference of Christian citizens. Thefriends of missions should be on the alert.—The Fleming H. Eevell Co., NewYork, Chicago and Toronto, bas sent us apackage of books that claim brief notice: 'The Man from Glengarry. A tale ofthe Ottawa. By Ralph Connor. Price,$1.50, andDeborah. A tale of the times of JudasMaccabaeus. By James Ludlow. Price,$1.50.These are works of fiction. The formeris a peculiarly attractive story. The authorpossesses the rare tact of so clothing hischaracters with life and raotion tbat theyseera real, and we close tbe volume withthe feeling that we have formed the acquaintanceof a new circle of friends, wilhwhom we desire often to associate. Thepicture that he has drawn of the minister'swife reveals at once tbe beauty of Christiancharacter and the infiuence for goodthat it never fails lo exert on others. Itwas her gentleness that won tbe beart ofEanald, the hero of the story, and led himto expose himself to teachings that eventuallymade hira a vital force in society. Anyone who wishes to learn the art of so dealingwith careless men as to win themto the Saviour ought to buy "The Manfrom Glengarry." The whole tone of thebook is good. Its lessons are so wise andpure that no one ean read it witbout havingan impression made on bis heart infavor of Christianity.The latter is a novel based on historicfacts. The autbor bas succeeded admir-

Editorial Notes. 63ably in clothing botb his real characters Protestants, The Patriots, The Protestantsand the "children of his fancy" with livingand the Present Problem. The pur­inlerest Deborah, the heroine, is a pose of the author, as he states in bisnoble Jewess whom the reader will fall inlove with at once for her beauiy and berloyalty lo the religion of ber fathers. Herescape from the toils of the baffled Apollonius,preface, is to awaken an interest in Mexico,Central and South America as missionflelds. "While progress has been made,there is slill great spiritual destitution,who sought her ruin, and his ad­and help is needed. In the great futureventures as a spy, in aiding the cause sodear to his heart, are thrilling in theirdetails. The writer's descriptions of tbeupon which tbis portion of the WesternHeraisphere is now entering, evangelicalChristianiiy should, under God, play abattles of the Maccabees with an enemy chief part." Every chapter is briraful ofthat vastly outnumbered thera, under tbe facts and will repay careful study.leadership of Judas, tbe "hararaer of Missionary Readings for MissionaryGod," are vivid pen-pictures of historicscenes. The boolc is a valuable contributionPrograms.cents.By Belle M. Brain. Price, 60to the class of literature to whicb itbelongs.This is a collection of twenty-five selectionsfrom well-known voluraes of raissionaryMen of Might in India Missions. Theadventure and enterprise. The aira ofLeaders and Their Epochs, 1706-1899. Miss Brain bas been to provide sorae-By Helen H. Holcomb. Price, $1.25. • thing to raalce raissionary meetings attractiveThis book is a series of brief biographiesbeginning with Ziegenbalg in the eighteenthand usefuh and she has performedber task well.century, and ending with Sarauel The Cheer Booh. By Amos R. Wells.Kellogg in 1899. It touches tbe lives of Price, $1.50.fifteen missionaries, whose names are identifiedProf. AVells, finding in his own experience,"with gospel work in India, and whowrought for Cbrist tbere with commandinginfluence and success. Miss Holcombbas dedicated her book "to tbe young raenas he tells us, that "worry is the allyof every olber sin, beeause it leads directlyto raany of thera all," he lays eraphasis onthe advice of our Lord, "Let not yourand maidens whose hearts God has heart be troubled," and, selecting frora atouched, and who in life's fair raorning,looking out over tbe world's great harvestvariety of sources, he gives in this littlevolurae "a word of cheer for every day offield, are asking, 'Lord, what wilt Thou the shining year." Most of the selectionsbave me to do ?' " ^Ye cordially commend are frora popular authors, but here andthis as an excellent volume for Sabbatb there is one not so well known. For in­sehools and for home reading.Latin America. By Hubert W. Brown,^. A. Price, $1.30.This is a series of lectures delivered inOctober of 1900 as the Students' Lectureson Missions at tbe Presbyterian Theoi'JogicalSeminary, Princeton, N. J., andlater at Auburn and at Western Theo­­logioal Seminary. The tities of tbe leeteesare The Pagans, The Papists, Tbestance :Don't be sorry, mo'ners, when de nighlcorae down;Worl' is raighty full er sin en sorrer;But a little star's a-peepin'—des a-peepin'all aroun';Soraewbar de day's a-breakin', en de bellser glory soun',Bn de birds'U all be singin' on ter-raorrer!—Atlanta Constitution.

64 Editorial Notes.The Baker & Taylor Co., 33-37 Bast long as mission work is tbought of as a17th Streeti Uiuon Square, Norlh, New church scherae or enterprise, adhesion toYork, has sent usit will be inconstant and variable. ButThe Modern Mission Century. By when God is seen leading tbe way, it wiUArthur T. Pierson, D. D. Crown Svo. become our bigh calling to follow. * * *Price, $1.50.So long as faith sees the Lord on the battleWe are deeply indebted to the publisbersfleld, every new advance is merelyfor calling our atiention to tbisnew volurae frora the pen of one so thoroughlykeeping step with Hira, and every newaccession of men or means is thankfullyquaUfied by years of study to owned as His answer to prayer and Hiswrite on this subject. In this review of fldelity to promise."raissions during the nineteenth centurythe esteemed author sets himself to showthat the central flgure in this great enterprise—At tbe request of Dr. Kerr, we insertthe following notice for the benefit of ouris the enthroned Mediator. Every­readers:where He is seen inaugurating, superintending,The Scots Worthies. The number ofdirecting and controlling its this volume ordered bas far exceeded themoveraents. Doors are opened, workers expectations of editor and publishers. Anare trained, raeans are provided and resultsedition of 1,300 copies, issued on the thirdare secured at His coraraand. Tbe week of December, was iraraediately ex­work has on it, Dr. Pierson says, "the seal hausted, and orders for several hundredsof His iraperial authority and draws its raore could not be executed. Anotherenergy frora the springs of His exhaustlesspower."Vigorous in style, conclusive in reasoning,reverential in spirit and loyal to tbeLord Christ, this volurae cannot be coraraendededition is, therefore, required, and theprinters proraise it in February. Expressionsof coraplete satisfaclion witb the voluraehave corae from those who have receivedthem, and raany have repeated theirin too high tgrras. Theological orders. The new edition will be an exactserainaries, where it is read, will be thebirthplace of raissionaries and missionarypastors; Sabbath schools, where it is read,reproduction of the one just issued, butthe face of the cover will be erabellished—embossed design, with medallion portraitwill be the nurseries of congregations distinctivelyof Knox in gold. All copies will be boundevangelistic in aim and effort;and every faraily, where it is read, will bethe scene of syraphonic prayer for thecoraing of that day when the redeeraedworld shall be willing to put its crown onin cloth of blue. All intending subscribersshould post their orders from the Statesnot later than the end of February, andinclose one dollar, wbich will frank thebook post free and duty free to any addressthe head of the Eedeeraer.in Araerica. All orders to Eev.Olive Trees is glad to commend any Jaraes Kerr, 19 Queen Square, Glasgow,

O L I V B T R E B SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary Work in the Reformed PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. MARCH, 1902. 3.QUESTIONS OF THE HOUR.EVEEY CHEISTIAN A DEBTOE TOTHB HEATHEN.Rer. J. M. Foster, Boston, Mass.The apostle Paul, the raodel raissionary,who went like a burning raeteor throughAntioch, Derbe, L3'stra, Galatia, Troas,Philippi, Thessalonica, Berea, Athens,Corinth, Cenchrea, Troas, Ephesus, andwas ready to preach tbe gospel al Eoraealso, and who everywhere turned the worldupside down, gives us the irrepressible raotivein his heart when be said: "For Iam debtor both to the Greek and thebarbarian, both to the wise and the unwise.'Christians are apl to think that a responsibilityrested upon Paul and theother apostles that does not belong to us.But that is a mistake. Prophets, apostlesand martyrs were under no obligation inthis raatter that does not rest upon us.Foreign raissionaries bave no raoreresponsibilitytban those who reraain at horae.Eev. Andrew Fuller said to AVilliara Careywhen the lalter was starting for India:"You are going down into the mine; we•at the top will bold the ropes." David'slaw obtains here: ".He that abideth bythe stuff shall share equally with hira thatgoeth down to the battle.'' Every Christianis under obligation either to go as ainissionary or help to sustain others inthe fleldas his representatives. And incontributing tbis raonth to our raissioninChina, each raeraber of the CovenanterChurcb should say: "I ara debtor bothto the Greek and the barbarian, both tothe Turk and the Chinaraan, both lo thewise and the unwise." A debt is a powerfulraotivein an honorable raind. It underliesthe agricultural, raanufacturingand coraraercial interests of the world. Allkinds of business are conducted on thedebt basis. The bank trusts the businessfirm, and vice versa. Corporations andtrusts are great debtors. Cities have greatdebts. Galveston overreached herself, inher effort to rise out of the ruins of thetornado, and went into the hands of areceiver. State and National governraentscarry enorraous debts. Great Britain ispiling up a debt niountain high by herSouth African war, and her greatest financiersstagger under it. * * *The power of the debt raotive is seen inthe individual. All his energies of body,raind and heart are bent to extinguishthe debt. All bis resources are called intoaction. He econoraizes. He begins earlyand works late. He will not give sleep tobis eyes nor sluraber to his eyelids untilthe debt is cancelled. Added to the power,debt is a cheering and encouragingraotive. Of course, if the debt is beyondhis power ever to reach, it depresses. Bulwhen it is within his reacii and he sees itgraduaUy declining, it has a stiraulusthat is gratifying. And raen testify thatthis uplift ill their early career was raore

66 Questions of the Hour.satisfying than the prosperity of laleryears, when this cheering raotive was absent.Now all this is applicable to the debtwhich all Christians owe to the perishingworld. II is a raost powerful motive. Itis a raost cheering and encouraging motive.1. Every Chrisiian is a debtor to theperishing heathen, because of the deep interestour Lord takes in them.After our Lord's baptism at the Jordan,He was led by the Spirit into thewilderness to be tempted of the devil. Thiswas His raission,to destroy the works ofthe devil and emancipate His peoplefrom captivity to Satan. Then He returnedlo the Jordan, and John, the lastof the prophets, gave the final attestationto His Messianic character: "Behold theLamb of God, which taketh away tbesin of the world." Two disciples follow.lesus, stealthily and afar, not expectingan interview, but only aiming lo ascertainwhere He abode. Bul He would not havethera stealing after Hira unencouraged,nor leave thera to struggle with diffidenceand delay. He turned and asked: "Whatseek ye?" They said: "Master, wheredwellest Thou?" He said: "Corae andsee." "They went and saw and abodewith Hira that day." Andrew and Johnwere the two disciples. It was raore thanthree-score years after this that John putit on record. And yet the inviting smileon the ilaster's face and the sympatheticlone in His voice that encouraged anddrew them were just as fresh as the daybe found the ilessiah. And this is theMaster's question to all the world, theMaster's invitation to all the world, tbeMaster's fellowship with each one who believes."God so loved the world that Hegave His only begotten Son, that whosoeverbeUeves in Him should nol perish,but have everlasting life." AA''hen theyoung raan carae running to Jesus andasking what good thing he might do loinherit eternal life, "Jesus loved hira."He lefl the ninety-nine boly angels inheaven to come lo tbis world to seek theone lost human family. The way waslong and thorny and perilous. But Hislove overcame all. In tbe picture whichHe drew of the last day the righteouswere upon His right band and the wickedon His left. And He said to the one,"Come, ye blessed of ray father. I wasan hunger and ye gave ile raeal. I wasthirsty and ye gave Me drink. I was sickand ye visited ile, in prison and ye cameunto Me." And when they disclaim aUknowledge of such service. He says, "Inasrauchas ye did it unto one of the leastof these ray brethren, ye did it unto me."And lo the wicked He said, "Inasrauch asye did it not unto one of the least of these,ye did it not unto ile." Our Lord soidentifies Hiraself witb the world forwhora He died that He regards feeding,clothing, raediciningthe perishing heathenas service done to Hira. And neglect orfailure to do this as withholding this servicefrora Hira. Our Lord has Divinecorapassioii for the lost world. The lovingkindness of His Deity fiows throughHis perfect huraanity. "This is a faithfulsaying, and worthy of all acceptation,that Christ Jesus carae into tbe world tosave sinners, of whora I am chief." Butsince our Lord's exaltation this compassionfiows through His people lo the worldof the ungodly. "Let the same raind be inyou which was also in Cbrist Jesus." Thishue and cry against the Chinese in Amerieais nol the raind of Cbrist. It is themind of Satan. AVe think of Dr. McKay-•-a missionary to Formosa. He woreChinese costume. His sister in Vermontreceived his photograph. She wrote,"AVhat a gulf you bave placed between usand you!" He replied, "AVhat a

gulf our Lord crossed wben Heclothed Himself in human nature!"Ashmore praised the Chinese, Hamlinthe Turks, Lindley tbe Zulus andDr. Poor tbe Hindus. Tbese men lookupon pagans with Christ's eyes, and lovethem with Christ's heart in tbem."Look at tbat Chinese Cbristian arrayinghiraself in his finest garments as he wentforth at the Boxers' bidding to meel hisdealh; 'for,' said he, 'I am to have an audience"with my King to-day.' Look at Pitkinsending a last message to his wife inAmerica to train their infant son to coraeas a missionary to bis murderers." "Takethe case of Madam Sooboonagara, wholately visited this country frora the Methodistraission at Madras, an exceedinglyattractive young lady, a very high casteBrahraan of iraraense wealth and exaltedsocial position, ber father having beenhigh in tbe Governraent service—one ofthe examiners of the university, a gentlemanof great abilily and culture. Shewas a sincere and devout idolater, beyondall praise dutiful and affectionate in berfamily relations. From childhood mostscrupulous and persistent in all raanner ofreligious cereraonies, giving enormoussums for charitable and religious purposes,providing the enlire cost of buildinga heathen teraple, and largely supportingthe people connected witb its worship,,and, as the years went on, growing raoreand raore zealous in various burdensomepenances—for instance, while meditating•on the Vedas, lighting a million laraps,lhal her soul wben it left the body raighlfind a pathway of light. But all in vain,till at last sbe beard .of Hira on whora Godhath laid the iniquities of us all, and, likeBunyan's pilgrira, al the sight of the•cross her burden rolled away and she joyfullygave herself to Jesus as Saviour andLord. Neiiher the entreaties nor thethreats of her grieved and angry kindredQuestions of the Hour. 67could bribe her or terrify her to deny berLord, and so, witb bitterest irapreeations,they disowned ber and publicly celebratedher funeral rites. Jewels and palaces hadlost their charra, and tbis child of luxuryis content lo labor with her hands to earnhonest bread, but her chief joy is to serveas a Bible woraan, telling others, eventhose of low caste, from whose touch sbeonce shrank with horror, of Him who boreour sins in His own body on the tree."Tbis rerainds us of Pauh ^ho spent twentyyears working among tbe Gentiles,working with his own hands to securehis sustenance, and then relurning toJerusalem to reconcile his Jewisb brethrenlo bis raissionaryenterprise, althougb beknew by the Spirit that bonds and imprisonraentsawaited hira, and who wastaken from the raob wbich shouted, "Awaywitb this fellow frora the earth!" andwho spent the rest of his days in prisons,preaching to his guards and writing letiersto the churches, till be received a martyr'scrown. "Bul none of these thingsmove me, neither count I ray life dear,that I raay finish ray course and the ministrywhicb I bave received of the Lord."II. Because of our debt to Christ weare debtors to the heathen.We are debtors to Hira by creation. Heforraed our bodies and fashioned ourspirits. And sball He not have the serviceof His own ? But He redeeraed us at tbeprice of His own life. "Eedeeraed, notwitb corruptible things, as silver and gold,but with the precious blood of Christ, asof a Lamb without bleraish and withoutspot." Many centuries ago the Churcbwas troubled over the questions: WasMary tbe raother of God? and. Are sinnersredeeraed by tbe blood of God? Agreat council answered thera. Mary wasnot tbe mother of unincarnate God. Sinnersare not redeemed by the blood of unincarnateGod. Because of the impas-

68 Questions of the Hour.sivily of the Divine essence this could notbe. But she was the raother of God incarnate.Sinners are saved by the bloodof God raanifested in the flesh. "TheChurch of God, whicii He hath purchasedwith His own blood." Here then is ourraotive: "God spared not His owm Son,bul gave Hira up to the death for us all."Eev. ilr. Crittenden was a wealthy merchantin New York. The death of hisdaughter was the occasion of his conversion.He resolved to devote his time andweallh to establishing horaes for woraenand girls who have gone astray. And such"Doors of Hope" have been opened byhira in raany quarters. Yesterday heraade an appeal to a Boston audience. Hesaid: "You are saved by the blood ofJesus. Fallen woraen are saved by thesarae precious blood. You think you arebetter than they. I tell you their sins areno raore offensive to God than yours. Allsin is hateful to Hira. And nothing butthe blood of God's Son will cleanse froraall sin." Dr. ilorison was sent by theLondon ilissionary Society to China in1807. But the East India Corapany, whichcontrolled the vessels, would not carryhira. So he carae over to Araerica, and acaptain sailing frora New York took hirafree to China. As they were starting, thecaptain said: "And so you really expectto raake an impression upon China!""No," answered Dr. Morison, "but I expectthe word of God to raake an irapression.""ily word shall not return unto mevoid; it shall aeeoraplish that which Iplease, and prosper in the thing whereto Ihave sent it.'"III. Erery beUever should recognizehis responsibiUty as the heathens debtor.Dr. Storrs .said at the dedication of theBrooklyn Bridge, before that mighty arehswung in mid-air, it hung on the point ofRnebling's pencil. It is alsn true thatit bung ou the dome of the engineer'sbrain before that, and, likewise, that itwas the thought of God before man knewit. This scherae of foreign raissions isGod's thought. Carey, Judson, Haralin,Livingstone, Eoberts, Paton and all thegreat raissionaries only thought God'sthoughts after Hira. They discoveredGod's plan and found their place in it.They were glad workers together wilhGod. It is considered a great honor to beinvited by Fresident Eoosevelt lo act as araeraber of his Cabinet, and work withhira in carrying out the plans of the Eepublicanadministration. But what is thatcompared with the honor and privilege ofworking together with the King of glory incarrying out His plans respecting thesalvation of the world. But He advancesa deeper raotive than this: "Freely yehave received, freely give.'' If He askedus to lift the burden of guilt frora raen orto imparl life to the dead, we never coulddo it. But He has done all this in Hisdeath and resurrection. And what Heasks of us is to be fllled and running overfor others, to be channels through whichHis graee raay flow to others, to be livewires carrying the electric current of theHoly Ghost to the dead and dying. Danielsaid: "The people that do know theirGod shall be strong and do exploits, andthey that understand among the peopleshall instruct many." Rev. J. Hudson Taylorsaid to the ilission Conference inNew York: "ilay I refer to a smaUgathering of about a dozen men in whiehI was permitted to take part, some yearsago, November, 1886 ? AA'e, in the ChinaInland ilission, were feeling greatly theneed of Divine guidance in the raatter oforganization in the field, and in the raatterof re-enforeement, and we carae togetherbefore our Conference to spendeight days in united wniting upon Godfouralternate days being days of fastingas well as iirayer. We were led tn pray

Questions of the Hour. 69for a hundred missionaries, to bc sent outby our English Board in the year 1887,from January to December. Aud. furtherthan this, our income bad nol been elasticfor some years: it had been about 28,000pounds, and we were led in connectionwilh that forward niovement, to ask Godfor 10,000 pounds, say $50,000, in additionto the income of the previous years.ilore than this, we were guided to praythat this might be given in large suras, sothat the force of our staff might not beunduly occupied in tbe acknowledgmentof contributions. AVhat was the result?God sent us offers of serviee from over600 men and women during the followingyear, and those who were deemed tobe ready and suitable were accepted, andwere sent out to China, and it proved thatat the end of the year exactly 100 hadgone. AA'hat about tbe incorae? God didnol give us exactly the 10,000 pounds weaslced for, but He gave us 11,000 pounds,and that 11,000 pounds carae in elevencontributions; the smallest was 500pounds, say $3,500; tbe largest was $13,-500, or 2,500 pounds. AA'e had a thanksgivingfor the men and the money thatwere coming in November, 1886, but theywere all received and sent out before theend of Deceraber, 1887."IV. Every Ghristian should endeavorto discharge his obUgation as the heathen'sdebtor.The apostles were endowed wilb tbepower of working rairacles. This was notfor their own sakes, but for those to whomthey were sent. Now suppose they badused this power for theraselves, to enrichor exalt theraselves, instead of using it forthe perishing. Would they not bave incurredthe righteous displeasure of tbeilaster? Tbe curse of Judas would havefallen upon thera. Peter's anathemaupon Simon ilagus would bave been pronouncedupon thera. AVe have received thegift of the Holy Ghost, by wbom we areled lo the cross, and by whom "we are renewedin the spirit of our minds. Theobject in this is to raake us His agents incarrying this grace to others. We cansay with the Chinese converted garabler:"I know He will pardon your sins, for Hehas pardoned raine. I know He willeraancipate you, because He set rae freefrora tbe bondage of sin. I know Hisblood will cleanse you, for it has raade raeclean.'' Paul persecuted the Church, andyet he obtained raercy. This he couldnever forget. And it raade hira cry out:"Woe is rae if I preach not the gospel."The beUever can't help saying to others:"0 taste and see that God is good." Apersonal experience of the grace andsweetness of Christ binds hira to Christand creates a burning desire to haveothers know also. "Now we believe, notbecause of thy saying, for we bave heardHira ourselves and know that this is indeedthe Christ, the Saviour of the world."V Every Ghristian should rest assuredof his reward for this debt paying.Our Lord, for the joy that was set beforeHira, endured the cross, despising thesharae. AVe are to have feUowship in Hissufferings, being raade conforraable lo Hisdeath. The efforts of the State Departmentto secure the release of iliss Stonefrom her captors and the fruitless negotiationsabout ransora, gives us pause as tothe value of the help of a Christless governraent.In the address referred to. Dr.Taylor said: "II is ever true that whatcosts little is little wortb. Then howlittle sorae of our service has been worth.If it is true in anything, it is especiallytrue of Divine things, tbat what costs littleis worth little. It is a serious and adifficult problera very frequently, to knowhow far we should look to and accept theprotection of our governraents, or theirvindication in case of riot and difficulty.

70 Questions of_ the Hour.I have seen both plans tried. I bave neverseen the plan in the long run successfulof deraanding help and vindication fromman. Wherever I bave traced the result,in the long run there bas been raore harradone than good, and I have never seen thewillingness to suffer and leave God to vindicateHis own cause. His own people andtheir rights, where the result has not beenvery beneficiah if there has been rest andfaitb in Hira; and, praise God, Ibave a nuraber of such instancesan the raission field. I have knownof riots that have never been reported,never been published in any papersanywhere, have not been known byraany, even of those who are connectedwith the sarae raission, and wherever thecourse has been taken of just leaving Godto vindicate, and leaving God to restrain,and leaving God to help, the issue bas beenraarvelously successful, and it has led togreat joy and great helpfulness. Thisis a power which God has given us, whichsometiraes we raay leave out of account."To-day the Chinese are passing away althe rate of 1,000,000 a raonth. If thisgeneration is to be saved at all, it raust bedone before they die. Let us nol missthe reward of witnessing lo them forwhora Christ died! There are 1,600 languagesspoken. The Bible is translated into300 great languages, and parts of it into600. These 600 languages are spoken byfour-fifths of the world's population. Andthe reraaining 1,000 languages by onlyone-fifth. That is, 1,300,000,000 speakthe 600 languages into which the gospel istranslated. And only 300,000,000 speakthe 1,000 languages into whicb no partof the Bible has yet been translated. Thetide is rising. The day is dawning. Arise,put on thy strength, 0 daughter of Jerusalera.The joy of victory is a sure reward.But there is a reward beyond. Tothose on His right hand, who had fed andclothed and medicined Himself in ministeringto one perishing sinner. He says:"Come, ye blessed of my Father, inheritthe Kingdom prepared for you from thefoundation of the world." ' The apostlePaul, after his work and warfare hadended, said: "I am now ready to be offeredup, and the tirae of ray departure isat hand. I have fought a good fight, Ihave finished ray course, I bave kept thefaith; henceforth there is laid up for rae acrown of righteousness, wbicb the Lord,the righteous Judge, shall give rae at thatday; and not lo rae only, but unto all theraalso that love His appearing."VI. Covenanters are debtors to this nationa.nd to all nations to preach the gospelof the Kingdom.Moses prayed: "I beseech Thee, showrae Thy glory!" What was this ? Mosessaw the goodness of God in Israel's historyas proclairaed by seers and psalmists.Then the hand of God covered him in therock. For four hundred years there wereno prophets. Then God's hand was Uftedand he saw His back parts. This refers tothe incarnation of God's Son. He sawHis death and resurrection and enthronement.He saw all nations brought into.subjection to His sceptre. This is "the•glory of God." This vision has beenvouchsafed to the Covenanter Church.Eev. Wra. Milroy used lo say: "God caUsa few of His people lo be raerabersof Hiswitnessing Church." This is the high vocationwherewith we have been called. Itinvolves the obligation to be faitbful wUnesses.The Covenanter who is not deeplyinterested in the cause of National Eeforrahas not taken to heart the great responsibilityresting upon hira as the custodianof the gospel to the nations. Dr.Sloane said: "A raan can be a belter foreignmissionary by being a Eeformed Presbyterian."Certainly a raan can be abetter Christian at bome by being a Cove-

Questions of the Hour. 71nanter. He represents Christ before so- He shows to all the manner of Christisciety. He separates from all that is evil. Kingdom.The following extract frora the Jfissions&tatt for September, 1901, is dedicated tothe dear brethren who are always flnding fault with the frequent caUs that are madefor money to sustain the missionary enterprises ofthe Cburch:In a circle of earnest Christian men the conversation turned to " the everiastingcollection." One remarked : " II has become intolerable these last years; formeriy itwas not so." "You are right; formerly it was different," answered the oldest of theparly. " Yes," continued the firstspeaker, "don't you think there is a ris.k of bendingthe bow too far ? " Witb flashing eye the old man looked round and said in reply," I can only say that we ought lo get down on our knees and thank God for themany collections. From tirae to lime I cross the churchyarl and walk past the longrows of the departed. No one there begs frora me or makes any appeal. No, thedead don't prefer any requests. Thereafter I come to the viUage, to the living. Atthe laborer's bumble cottage the motber has just arrived with a basket of provisions.How delighted are the youngsters! 'Mother, is it dinner time?' 'AroUtome!''And one lo me!' they shouted. And one smaU feUow creeps on aU fours and holdsout his hand for something. The sore-tormented motber seemed rather to rejoice inthe healthy appetite of her children; and hands to eacb its portion witb gladness onher face." "Now then for tbe application ofyour tale," asked one of the gentlemen."It is obvious," continued the speaker. " It is true that formerly there were fewercollections. I remember those days weU, the days of cold rationalism. We thenwent round about among the churches as among the graves and the dead. Therewere no collections in them, for there was no life there. There was no sense of theworker's need, and no stretching forth of the helping band. Do you want those daysback? Nowadays it is different, collection after collection. Is it a bad sign? No,no! God has breathed life into the dry bones, and quickened a sense of the thousandfoldneeds of the Church. Now there is begging and the clamor of appeals on allsides. The hungry children cry to the mother for bread. Now there is Ufe, a lifethat awakens hunger and thirst, a life quickened by God. Therefore oughl we tothank Him on bended knee for ' tbe everlasting collection.' "Mrs. Laura Scbwichtenbcrg, a wealthy young widow and a niece of Mr. JohnWanamaker, bas decided to devote ber life to the leper colony on the Island of Cebu,one of the Philippine Archipelago. Some time ago she received, at her urgentrequest, appointment as government inspector of hospitals in the Philippines, atwhicb time she visited the leper colony, declaring that her comraission took that in,as the whole colony was a hospital. She was greatly impressed with the lack ofsanitary conditions prevaUing, with the hopeless condition of the thirty thousandlepers congregated here, and especially with the large nuraber of sad chUdren."I did not see a single happy-faced chUd there," she says. "The scenes stiU hauntme. I long to relurn and take a little sunshine into their lives " Let ber namestand with that of Mary Eeed —Missionary Review of the World.

72 News of the Churches.N E W S OF T H E C H U R C H E S .ABROAD.Latakia, Syria.—A letter frora Rev.Jas. L. Stewart, dated Jan. 16, 1903, containsthe following iteras:Our coramunion season has just closed.Sixty native communicants took part;eleven of thera were reeeived at this tirae,two of thera frora the boys' school, eightfrora the girls' school, and one adult frorathe Greek Orthodox Church. The services"«^ere all well attended, and full ofinterest. I hope and pray that the interestraanifested during the week of prayerand the coraraunion services may continueand deepen. All the families were visitedand catechised, and we are ready to raakea new start with the new year.Our Gunaimia brethren are in a stateof apprehension on account of the applicationof the Armenian portion of the villageto the Ronian Catholic representativeshere for adnUssion to the privilegesof that fold. Sorae of our backslidingraerabers also signed the petition. Thereal aniraus of the raoveraentis to securefinancial aid, and sorae raeasure of foreignprotection. It is not likely that itwill amount to rauch, but it raay producerauch bad feeling. We are raakinga new effort to secure perraission to reopenthe school there. The poverty ofthe brethren there calls for our deepestsyrapathy and often for financialhelp, andall the tirae the Governraent is adding totheir burdens.This is the rainy season, and life in thevillages is far frora fascinating. The workin Tartous is proceeding as usual, and thereports are encouraging. I raean to visitthat part of the fieldsoon if the weatherand roads will perrait. There has been noteacher in the village of Melkah sinceSepteraber, but the school at Soda proceedsas usual.Suadia, Syeia.—Under date of Jan. 7,1903, Rev. J. Boggs Dodds wrote as follows:We long to see Olive Teees. AVe havenot had a nuraber since last June. Nordo we know whether all your letters reachus. But we are glad to hear through privatecorrespondence that sorae of Mrs.Dodds' pictures have been received andused with acceptance.All our work has resuraed its usualswing since New Year's. It was a finedayhere. AA"e had about 152 callers, aside fromchildren. That day we heard of the Kessabhouses being robbed. On Jan. 2 Dr.ilartin, Mr. Slewart and I mel there toinvestigate. Three days, however, provedto be of little advantage to us, and so, undera pouring rain, we separated Saturday,each going home, except that Dr.ilartin came this way and preached forme twice on Sabbath. (See p. 86.)Two days later Miss il. Cunninghamwrote as follows:The different feasts that have been goingon here for the last two weeks areabout over, and people are beginning losettle down to sober, every-day life. Wehad a fine prayer raeeting on New Year'sraorning of two bundred woraen. Ourusual prayer raeeting for the woraen is onTuesday afternoon, but I invited lhem tocorae on AA''ednesday instead. I knew thatthey would want to call anyhow, andthought il best to have them all corae atonce and have our usual prayer raeeting.Since then the weather has been quitesevere, and the attendance at the dayschool has fallen off considerably. I hope

News of the Churches. 73when the fine weather sets in they willreturn. It really is difficult for little girlsto come through tbe mud, and crossingthe river is very dangerous. II fioods sorapidly tbal tbey might easily be carriedaway by il. Our chief difficulty in keepinga day scbool in Suadia is tbat nearlyhalf the time the cbildren are unable toattend. Yesterday I went to see soraepeople in corapany wilb ray Bible woman.On our way home il began to rain, andwhen we reached the river it "was risingrapidly. AA^e crossed witb the greatestdifficulty, and wben clirabing up the steepbank on the other side, which was as slipperyas ice, the Bible woraan lost hernerve and began lo slip. I was behind berand could hardly get up myself, but Iimplored her to go on as the river behindus was getting liigher and we could notpossibly retrace our steps. To ray disraayshe sat right down in tbe path, andthe rain coraing down in torrents.Providentially I reacbed past ber and gothold of a stout twig, and holding on tothat, dragged her up to the top of thebank, a sorry spectacle in raud and dirt.She says tbat the rushing of the river behindfrightened ber so that she got blindand could not see wbere sbe was going. Exceptfor a little neuralgia, she "was nonethe worse for her fright. It is a wonderthat there are not more accidents. Weare all well, and I bope that tbis will be aprosperous year in tbe bistory of tbe Mission.Another letier from Mr. Dodds, datedJan. 14, 1902, wiU be very interesting tomany of our readers:I send you pictures of tbe bell that Avasgiven to Suadia by tbat good friend ofthe Lord's work, Mrs. M. M. Gregg. Webought a bell in 1900 when we returnedfrora our furlough, but unfortunately ilproved to be cracked. This "H^as found outonly after we had erected it on a teraporaryscaffold. On New Year's Day,1901, we rung a greeting to our neighbors,but after the first and second strokes therewere indications of a flaw. Mr. and Mrs.Kennedy were out frora Antioch the daythat we beard of Victoria's death. Wetolled tbe bell, but its cracked sound addedlo the disraal feelings of our hearts. Thatwas the last that the flrst bell was used.Next day we disraounted it and relegatedit lo a plunder room.Having notifled the party frora whora Ipurchased the bell, ilr. Thos. Lane, Pittsburg,Pa., wrote very Icindly, inforraingrae that he had ordered anotber bell sentto us. In due tirae, after a long delay, thebell arrived, and, as you see in photo No.2, it is housed in a neat belfry. It is withpleasure lhal I also acknowledge a bandsomecontribution from Dr. Marlin, ofAntioch, who thereby wished to acknowledgeour tribute of honor to bis deceasedSovereign.The bell is thirty-four inches across andweighs 500 pounds. II bas a deep, raellowtone that is easily heard flve railes away,and further under favorable atraosphericconditions. AATietber it has lo do withthe case or not, the fact reraains that ourchurch services are mucb better attendedsince "we got the bell, tban before, ilany

74 News of the Churches.have said that the ringing bell pul therain the notion of coraing to church service.A young raan said the flrstSabbatii thatwe used the bell, "I was away across theriver at our silk house, and I heard thebell, and was reminded of your services,and so I came." That afternoon, at thesecond service, there was a young raanfrora a distance in the opposite direction.As we greeted hira, he said, "I was glad tohear the bell; it spoke to rae of ray duty.and so, hearing, I carae, and ara happy tobe here, where vfe hear the gospel."AA''ho knows but that Mother Gregg'sgift raay be the raeans of leading souls tothe waters of eternal life?The plate bearing the donor's narae wasa suggestion of ray own, unknown to her,but I trust her reward will far exceed thenarae that may endure for a few generationsat best. May it be the name ofChrist naraed upon many souls, to theeternal glory of His narae.To-day being _New Year's Day, Easterncount, I sallied forth to return calls raadeby nuraerous acquaintances on our NewYear's. One of the flrst difficulties thatraet rae was to explain a mystery. Thisis Jan. 14. But heretofore their NewYear's has always fallen upon Jan. 13,AVestern calendar. But there is a changethis year, and the questioii of the day is,AA'hy the added day between the tw^o calenders?Can you, or any of your readers, answerthis question? I suggested that maybe the people here in Suadia were raistaken—aday behind tirae. But, no, theysay, it is the day everywhere.Not to worry you about coffee and jellies,and innuraerable sweets, I have loenter on ray day's record fifteen callsraade. * * * Que thing, however, isworth raentioning. No liquors were offeredand no cigarettes, nor was any wine offeredin ray presence, and although several nativegentleraen raade ealls with us, not onetook a cigarette in ray presence. Thisraarks an advance in the infiuence of exaraple.ilay it grow to be the power ofconviction that such indulgence is wrong.Cyprus.—A cable raessage frora Larnacainforras us that Eev. H. Easson andfaraily were to leave the Island AVednesday,Jan. 89. 1903, intending to reraainfor a few weeks with friends in Dunblane,Scotland, before coraing to this country.About a week earlier Dr. Moore wrote asfollows, in reference to ilr. Easson:He has ^-orked with wonderful energy,and he has been very successful. HadMrs. Easson's health been good he raightpossibly have reraained a few years raore.* * * I hope you have a raan ready tosend out in the spring. The health of myfaniily will not perrait rae to stay longerthan the ten-year terra, and I feel that weare alreadv in need of rest.

News of the Churches. 75The following letter from Rev. HenryEasson, written on board French stearaer,Jan. 25, 1902, will be read "with raingledemotions of sorrow and gratitude:I ara sorry to inform you in full ofwhat you know from the cablegrara sent toMr. MiUer on 23d insti, that we felt thatwe raust leave Cyprus witbout delay. Beforeleaving I took Rev. A. Agyptiadesand made a visit to Famagusta andspent the Sabbath there. A Mr. M. Kassalianhad been in correspondence with mefor four or five montbs. He is interpreterand registrar of the court there. He saysthat he is, searching for the trutb, and Idid not wish to leave tbe island wiihoutseeing him and helping hira on his way.It is thirty-two railes. We reached theplace at 3 P. M., in time to raeet Mr. Kassalianand other friends and arrange forthe Sabbath meetings. On Sabbath Ipreached al 11 A. M. in Arabic in thehouse of .the Government physician. Dr.Maghuhghub. There were several presentwho did not understand Arabic, and thedoctor translated my serraon into Greek.Ten present. In the afternoon at 3 o'clockwe went to Mr. Kassalian's bouse at hisrequest to have a talk with his wife, whois a Greek frora Bapho. We spent aboutan hour and a half. He would, by askingquestions, lead us to speak on subjectswhich he wished his wife to hear explained,and in the. evening the wholefamily came out to the Greek preaching inthe hotel parlor. Mr. Kassalian told raethat tbey bad a long talk in tbe afternoonafter we bad gone, and said that he, wifeand children, bad decided to cast in theirlot with us. There were about forty at tbeGreek service. Rev. Agyptiades preached,and with hira as interpreter, I spoke onthe necessity of a living union with JesusChristi using John 15 :l-6 as the foundationof ray remarks.Both ilr. Kassalian and Dr. and Mrs.Maghuhghub said they would like to bavemeetings every Sabbath. I explained tothem how they could meet and have asubject and study it together, and theyproraised to do so. After ray return toLarnaca I sent thera a few of our selectionsof Psalras to use, and wrote lo eacbof lhem, urging lhem to begin the meetingstbe following Sabbath. We ask theprayers of the Churcb for tbis little circle.They will also have a week-day raeeting onThursday or Friday evening.Now, we have Thursday and Fridayraeetings at Larnaca and Nicosia, Fridayraeetings at Kyrenia and Faraagusta, andSabbatb raeetings al all of these places.May tbe Lord bless the seed thus sownand raay it take root in hearts preparedby His Holy Spirit.No one bul God can know wbat it hascost me to leave His work here at thepresent, but it seemed that this was Hiswill. We trust you will be, able to hastenthe coraing of a helper to Dr. Moore.A word about the new chapel: Afterwriting you that we wished to begin tberebuilding of the cbapei about Feb. 8, andasking you to have at least £150 here bythat tirae, I began to raake inquiries aboutwages and the price of lime, graveh stones,sand, etc., and found all could be securedcheaper then than in February andMareh, as several large buildings were tobe erected in March or April. So workmenwere sel al the foundations, and beforeI left tbe foundations were complete,the first three tiers of stone laid, andstone enough on hand lo build the chapel.I also had "ivritten to Dr. Balpb to sendrae a builder and two stone hewers, andlhey were on the ground at work aboutten days before I left.We shall be in Dunblane, Scotland,about Feb. 15, where you can write rae,and please publish tbat our address willbe:

76 News of the Churches."Bridgend, Dunblane, Scotland,"tmtil about April 15 at least.Mrs. Easson has to keep as quiet as possible,and I trust absolute rest frora allbrain work may relieve ray nervous systera.China.—At the bi-raonthly raeeting ofthe Board of Foreign Missions, held inNew York, Tuesday, Jan. 28, 1902, J. M.Wright "«'as unaniraously appointed raedicalraissionaryto China, provided that hecan pass the physical exaraination requiredof all candidates for service in the foreignfield. When in America last j'ear Eev. A.I. Eobb mentioned his narae to the Boardas that of a personal acquaintance, andone "who, in his judgraent, would be "svellqualified for the position. Soon after Mr.AA''riglit's applieation the Board receivedraany testiraonials as to his character,evangeUstic spirit and professional ability,frora which we raake one or two extracts,siraply to introduce him to those whom hewill represent in Tak Hing. His pastor,Eev. S. E. AA^allace, closes an appreciativeletter with these words: "If the Churchcan secure his services, he will enter uponhis work qualified and with his lifeconsecrated to the service of Christ.'' Lastsuramer ilr. Wright acted as superintendentof the Union Sabbath School at Norway,Kan., and, in the language of Eev.Jaraes Kerr, pastor in charge of the M. E.Chureh. "faithfully and intelligently dischargedthis duty, and it is with deep regretthat we part with hira, knowing weshall raiss his godly counsel and infiuence."Drs. E. S. Magee and John E.Minne_y, secretary and dean of KansasMedical CoUege, in a stateraent giving anaccount of the work required of their studentsin surgery and their special opportunitiesfor witnessing the daily treatraentof surgical cases and eraergency operationsat various times, represents him as"a fine student, who bas bad severalraonths' experience as interne in the hospital."C. Hararaond, M. D.. with whomhe was one year associated directly in hospitalwork, including "the conlrol anddispensing of raedicines, and also assistancein surgical cases," says, "He is a raanof good edueation and judgment, absolutelyhonorable and reliable, and cleanand temperate in bis habits. I ara pleasedto recoraraend hira to fill any office hewould assurae." To these raay be addedthe estiraate of Theo. M. Peers, M. D.,secretary of Topeka Board of Health, inwhose office he was for six months: "Inray opinion Mr. AA''right will raake an exceptionallycompetent and successful physician,and will, at all times, strive to doGod's wdll as faithfully as in him lies.''Arrangeraents will be raade for Dr.AA^right's departure witb Eev. J. K. Eobbas early in the auturan of this year as it•will be prudent for thera to go to China.Through the courtesy of Eev. W. ilc­Leod George, of Brooklyn, we are ableto let the readers of Olive Trees have apicture that will greatly interest thembecause of its associations. In a privateletter'to her brother. Dr. George describesit soraething in tbis way: "These aresome of the children of ray first palient.The background is the fence of the CatholicChurch across the street frora Mr. Nelson's.Faith Nelson is in front wilh herface all screwed up. The sun was in oureyes, and a tropical sun, even in Deceraber,brings tears. The young lady on ray leftis the one who is unbinding her feel. Herbrothers are on ray right. The one nextrae is a Christian."A letier frora Eev. A. I. Eobb, datedDec. 27, 1901, though not intended forpublication, contains sorae items that willinterest the churehes:

News of the Churches. 11degree graduate, came to mewith a very sore foot. I gavehim salve and a New Testamenl.The salve has nearlyhealed his foot, and he istrying now to escape thefacing of truth as it is presenledin the Bible. Helook refuge at first in thereports he heard about us,but is becoming convincedthey are wrong. What hewUl do next I do notknow. •• » *We had a good lurkeypresenled lo us for Christmas,and we ate onions,radishes and lettuce thatday from our own plantingin our own garden.We are all in good health. The fact is,we have never all been as well as we haveA letter from Miss Jennie B. Torrence,written Jan. 4, 1902, for the "friends atbeen these two months at Tak Hing. Not home,'' at the request of Tak Hing Missiononce have we' had need for a physician.(see p. 89), contains a few iteras* * * The two ladies came up from that we insert araong news frora abroad:Canton' last Saturday, and, as the newhouse is not quite ready, we are all crowdedWe are glad to reach our place of work.Looking back over the year wdth its bless­into the native house. That can be ings, privileges and opportunities, we canendured with good grace for the short testify to the love and care of our Heavenlytime it will be necessary. * * * -pj^gFather.patients are beginning to come, and weshall have to adopt rather stringent raeasuresto secure time for Dr. George tostudy.Tbe Sabbatb services are held in ourowai horae al present. The audiences varyin nuraber. but are orderly and attentive.At this writing we are enjoying the bestI am very glad to know that tbere is a of health. The weather is delightfullyprospect of more workers next fall. I warra for the season. We had frost twoshould be glad lo have them with us now, nights.as the opportunities are excellent. * * *The spirit of inquiry is much greater herenow than forraerly, and some men of goodeducation are studying into Christianitywith sorae interest. The constant tongueof slander is, it seems to us, a great hindrance,In the spring of 1901 Governor YuanShih-Kai sent a raessage to tbe raissionariesurging thera to return to the Provinceof Shantung and promising thembut people are slowly learning the protection in their "«'ork. He has sincetruth about us, and lies cannot permanentlydeclared tbat he will not promote any ofhinder our work. One man, a first the five hundred expectant raandarinsun-

78 News of the Churches.less they can pass an examination in Westernscience and learning. Speaking ofbis position in this matter, Eev. T. Eichards,who is connected with a Society forthe Diffusion of Christian and GeneralKnowledge in China, and who has alreadyreceived applications frora three othergovernors of populous provinces for informationand advice as lo the introductionof modern raethods of education,says: "If the eighteen olher governors ofChina follow Yuan Shib-Kai's example,wbich is not irapossible, or even unlikely,as I have heard raore than one speak of asimilar plan, who will not say tbat Godbas "wrought marvels in China of wbichwe can scarcely realize the treraendous importance?"New Hebrides.—The following itemsare talcen from Quarterly Jottings forJanuary:Speaking of the opening of a newschool-church on Faama, Eev. MauriceFrater says: "Worship "ft'as commencedas soon as the natives from the olher villageshad arrived. The churcb waswell filled, and the service brightand hearty, and well calculated toinspire us all with fresh courageand zeal in our Master's cause. Thesight of so raany people with bright, happyfaces, who at no distant dale were savageand cannibal and filled wilh deadlyhaired to each other, now seated side byside in a Christian church, worshipping acomraon God, afforded an eloquent witnessto the transforraing power of Christ. Longraay the blessings of Christian worshipconlinue lo accorapany the down-troddenislanders of Paama and Lopevi."The Sabbath was a memorable day.The schools al the outside villages wereclosed that a united service raight be heldin the chureh. Large as was our cburch,its accoraraodation was too limiled. Over500 were seated witbin and groups of peoplehad lo be content witb seats aroundthe doorways. During the service, theSacraments of Baptism (teacher's child)and the Lord's Supper were dispensed.The rite of baptism had been performedonce before on a teacher's cbild, but il wasthe first time in the checkered history ofPaama that the solemn rite commemorativeof our Lord's dealh bad been observed.There were in all fourteen whoenjoyed the sacred privilege—the teachersand their wives and six natives who hadbeen baptized in Queensland, and whoby their lives give evidence of the realityof the change.""At Bast Santo," writes Mr. Wm. Anderson,who arrived there a little overthtee years ago, "we have now six limebouses, a large native church with a goodattendance, a village of worshipping peopleclose to the mission grounds, and fourcut-stations and five teachers."Eev. Wm. Watt, wbo bas toiled at thesouth end of Tanna for thirty years, saysin his report of the coramunion at PortEesolution, when 109 Tannese sat downat the Table of the Lord: 'Tn the eveningwe left the natives to hold a meetingthemselves, and lhey continued on forsome five hours. One and another speaking,and not raaking short speeches either.I do not know that you, who have not hadsuch an experience as I have had, eanrealize my feelings tbat, day. We had"ivaited many long years, and had givenup hope of ever seeing such a thing."India.—There is a raoveraent on footfor the organic union of the Presbyterianchurches in India. At a meeting of theIndian Presbyterian Alliance last year, inwhich the seven leading missions were represented,the following action was takenwithout a dissenting vote:1. That such a union is practicable, un-

der the name of the United Cburcb ofIndia. 2. That the doctrinal basis be theWestminster Confession of Faith. 3. Tbatthere be a General Assembly to meet onceevery two or tbree years; and that tbefield be divided into five Synods, whichshall meet annually and deal witb matterspurely provincial. 4. That foreign missionariesbelonging to Indian Presbyteriesmay continue their conneclion with thehome churches.The last Indian census shows that the192,484 Christians in Bengal in 1891 hadincreased in 1901 to 278,366, showing tbefairly rapid progress of Christianiiy.Africa.—Twenty-five years may notseera to be sucb a very long tirae, but tbechange that bas talcen place on tbe face ofthis part of Africa is remarkable. Thenthe country was the scene of innuraerableAngoni raids, and tbe population wassparse; now the population is dense, andthe raids of fiercewarriors frora Angonilandare tbings of tbe past. No raore, wehope, will the chiefs sit togelher in conclavelo plan their expeditions of ravageand plunder. No more will tbe warriordon bis war paint, or daub his body withthe clay to denote that blood has beenspilt. Instead, the schools of the missionsare becoming institutions in nearly everydistrici. Twenty-five years ago. there wasNews of the Churches. 79grateful to the Mission ? Since then therebave been many other missions, and they,too, have done good work,,but that workhas been of a different nature, their taskmuch lighter, than that of the brave pioneerswho risked tbeir lives, aye, and diedfor the advancement of that Kingdomwbich is an Heavenly.—Central AfricanTimes.Holland.—There are in Holland nofewer tban nine distinct Christianchurches. The National Eeformed Church,whicb is Presbyterian, has 1,347 congregationsand 1,604 ministers. Tbe Free EeformedCburch, whicb is also Presbyterian,has 684 congregations and 544 ministers.Besides these there are several separateProtestant denominations, all of thembeing small except that holding Baptistprinciples, which bas 116 congregations.The Eoraan Catholic Churcb is coraparalivelystrong, wilb 1,056 congregatious,which are rainisteredlo by one archbishop,four bishops, and 2,500 priests. TheJews rauster largely in Holland. Theyhave 167 synagogues, and claira a membershipof 97,000. The Dutch Queen WUhelrainais, since the dealh of Queen Victoria,the only sovereign wbo is a raeraberof a Presbyterian Church.^—Life andWorlc.AT HOME.no Blantyre. Only a dense forest existed, Allegheny, Fa.—Items from Centralstretching over the Shire Highlands. Nowwe have wbat we call the coramercial capitalBoard:Financial Statement.of British Central Africa, and theOverdrawn Expendi- Overdrawnhabitations of many Europeans in theJan 1.1902. Receipts, tures. Feb 1,1902Domeslic Mission |:i:

80 News of the Churches.appear even yet to be clearly understood.A concrete case may, perhaps, make plainwhat was the intention of Synod. FittsburgPresbylery is to receive a certainappropriation, provided the money hasbeen earned. The clerk is expected toobtain the data, upon whicb will be basedthe applieation for its share. The chairraanof the Coramittee on Supplies shouldwrite to hira, stating whether or not supplieshave fulfilled their appointraents.Each staled supply or pastor who receivesaid should also write, stating whether ornot tbe work has been carried on duringtbe quarter. If the full araount has beenearned, the clerk sbould write to the CorrespondingSecretary of the Board, statingsimply that faet. If the full araount hasnot been earned, application should beraade only for the araount due. Questionsraay arise of a character a clerk does notfeel corapetent to answer. These should bereferred to the Fresbytery, not to theBoard, (ilinutes, p. 55.)Eev. E. M. Coleraan has been appointedstated supply at Topeka by Kansas Presbytery.He has been laboring there sincethe beginning of Deceraber.Chinese Mission.—Mrs. Boreland reportsan attendance of nineteen scholarsduring the raonth of January,'and anaverage attendance of ten. ilr. GeorgeHanraore has been appointed assistant.The expenses of the ilission are about $60a raonth. At a tareweW meeting heldshortly before Mrs. Johnston's departurefor the East, Ging Gang gave an interestingtalk, telling of the good "\vork that hadbeen accomplished and of his own conversionfive years previous.Indian Mission.—The year thus far hasbeen one of the raostpleasant and successfulin the history of the Mission. Thegrip has raade its appearance, but as yetthere have been no deaths frora it. Mr.and Mrs. Stevenson have charge of theboys, and iliss McAndless cares for thegirls. Miss Alice Carithers has returnedfrom her vacation, and since Feb. 1 hasresuraed her position as field raatron. Theintroduction of the saloon has proved inOklahoraa, as in every other place whereit has been introduced, a curse. Many ofthe young raen are unable to resist itsteraptations.Southern Mission.—The nuraber of pupilsenrolled in the school in Januarywas 450. Mrs. Siraras has an enrollraentof 95, and iliss George of 80. A class insewling has been forraed. One of thescholars, Garfield MarshaU, obtained theprize for the best original poera. Theprize was open lo corapetition frora all theschools. A AA'oraan's ilissionary Societyhas been organized in the congregaiion.VaUey Creek School is quite successful.There was an enrollment in January of34. Miss Foster, who is in charge, isproving a very efficient worker. The enrollmentin Pleasant Grove School is 47.Mr. Eeed has encouraging audiences whenhe preaches at this station.Sustentation.—The collection for thisfund is to be taken up on the first Sabbaihof ilarch. Five Ihousand dollars areaslced for. The entire amount is needed.There is no church scheme raore iraportantthan is this. If the Church responds as itshould to the appeal for tbis fund, theway will be prepared for transferring lo itall eongregations that have settled pastors.The present arrangenient by whicb soraeare on the Doraestic ilission Fund andsorae on Sustentation is very unsatisfactory.If a deterrained effort is raade $5,-000 will be raised.J. AV. Sproull.Boston.—The Lord's Supper was dispensedin First Boston congregation onthe third Sabbath of January. Theweather was delightful. The services were

News of the Churches. 81ah weU attended. Taking into considera- literary—is presented. An important andtion the scattered characier of the eon- interesting part of the programme is thegregation, few living near the, cburch receiving of the oft'erings. The Secretarybmlding and raany living mUes away, the calls the roU, when each meraber respondsattendance was exceUent. The close at- by reciting a verse of Scripture, and thentention paid and the deep interest raani- coraing forward places bis contribution onfested during all the services were very the Treasurer's stand. In tbis way tbeencouraging. Tbere was an accession of youngest learn the Scriptures and learntwo.how to give. Frora two to tbree dollars isThis congregation has been crippled realized at eaeh raeeting. Tbe Treasurersever since its cburch building was erected report wiil show where, during tbe pastby a big burden of debt. A decision has year, the Band has tried to belp in thebeen reached to sell the properly, which support and furtherance of the Lord'sis valuable now and likely soon to be rauch "work. Contribuled:more valuable, and secure a church horae March 5, to Tilgie Ibraheira Fund.. $1.00in a more central locality and free from March 5, to Southern Mission. .. . 10.00debt If this plan be carried out, tbere is April 2, lo Youngstown L. M. S. . 1.00no good reason wby First Boston should April 2. to Cedarville Missionnot enter upon a career of prosperity such scholars 1.90as it has never before enjoyed. Our ilay 30, to Chicago Mission buildbrother,the paslor, is laboring in season ing 5.00and out of season, for the welfare of his Sept. 12, to Indian Mission 5.00people. To him and his efficient wife Dec. 12, to Foreign Mission 10.00the congregation is largely indebted for its Dec. 12. barrel of goods to Southpresentprosperous condition. The re- ern ilission 26.75moval of the debt would be a most powerfulincentive to increased effort on the Total $60.65part of one and all. It is to be hoped that AA"e have great cause for thankfulnessthis will soon be accoraplished.to the Giver of all good for His mercy toJ. W. Sproull, us as a sociely. His great grace oughtlo make us greater endeavorers in His ser-Cedaeville, 0.—The Cedarville Mis- vice, and lead us to show more and moresion Band has completed anotber year's that we are sincere in the profession ofwork, and while we feel that we have not our faith in our Saviour by loving one andoneall that we wish we eould have done, olher as He has given us comraandraent,yet there is ground for much satisfaction and by earnestly and faithfully trying toand encouragement. Our Band has a mem- publish the gospel according to His partbershipof 38, in whicb both young and ing instruction, "Go ye therefore and leachold. and men as well as women, are in- all nations." God is calling upon us. Weeluded. The ladies have no special rao- should carry or send the glad tidings ofnopoly of the raerabership. During the salvation to all the peoples we can. Thisyear there have been ten regular raeetings, is our duly and our Heavenly Falherwhich are held in the' horaes of the mem- expects us lo perform it.hers. At each meeting,\after the devo-Mrs. Mattie Burns, Sec.tional exercises, a prepared programraeconsisting of two parts—raissionary andCincinnati, 0.—Our Heavenlv Father

8^News of the Churches.called horae our oldest member, Mrs.Anne Colwell, on Nov. 8, 1901. TheLadies' Missionary Sociely, of Cincinnaticongregation, desire lo bear testimony tothe coraforting evidence that she was oneof God's chosen ones. A very sore trialcame into her early life. Shortly after thesudden death of her husband she was deprivedof her sight. Tbis great afflictionGod in His love sanctified lo ber in bringingher inlo the Churcb and in giving hermany graces of the Spirit. She was remarkablefor her patience and resignationand was of a happy, cheerful disposition.She loved the bouse of God and all itsservices, though in feeble health, beingpresent the Sabbatb previous to her death.In every good cause she was generous inher willingness to help.A faithful meraber has gone to her reward.May we be ready when the sumraonscoraes to us. We, as a society, extendour sincere syrapathy lo the farailyof Mrs. Duncan, to whom she was nearestand dearest, whose hearts are louchedby the sudden taking away of her who,having lived in this horae for raany years,had endeared herself to thera by hercheerful words and kindly deeds, beingtenderly and lovingly cared for by thera.ilRS. K. E. Smith,ilRs. J. E. Huheey.New York.—On Monday, Dec. 16,1901, seventy-five delegates, representingtwenty-three different religious bodies andteraperance organizations, raet at theheadquarters of the National TeraperanceSociety, and, after full discussion, unaniraouslyadopted the following resolutions:1. We deraand that-the right of localoption as to the existence of saloons, whichis now exercised under the Eaines law bytownships, shall be equitably extended toelection districts in the ciiies throughoutthe State.2. We insist, in tbe interest of commonjustice, that no privilege which is withheldfrom good and productive industrieson Sabbath shall be granted to a trafficwhich is universally acknowledged to bedetrimental to the public welfare on Sabbathand every other day.Hence we are unalterably opposed to theopening of the saloon on Sabbath, eitherby direct action of the Legislature or byreference to the vote of municipalities orolher coraraunities.We believe that the Sabbath is an Americaninstitution and is, tberefore, not aproper subject for local option or for regulationby any power less than the sovereignpower of the Stale.3. We believe, in coraraon with goodcitizens generally, that, so long as an exciselaw or any other law reraains on thestatute books, our raagistrates and olherofficials are in honor bound by their oathof office to use all due diligence to enforceit, and w^e oppose any method of allegedenforcement that would perrait businessby private entrance.At the request of the Session of SecondR. P. Church, Olive Trees publishes thefollowing extract frora the minutes of ameeting held Nov. 9, J901 :Our brother, Wm. McCullough, whodied Oct. 7, 1901, at the home of his sister,Mrs. Donaldson, at Susquehanna,Pa., whither be had gone almost a yearpreviously because of failing health, wasborn in Ireland, Nov. 6, 1824. He unitedwith the Churcb in 1845, carae to thiscity in 1849, and joined the Second congregationin 1851.He was chosen to the office of rulingelder in Deceraber, 1872. In the dischargeof the duties of bis office, he wasranch and deservedly respected and beloved.Of hira "we raay well say, that hewas *'as the steward of God; not self-

willed, not soon angry, not given to wine,no striker, not given to filthylucre; but alover of hospitality, a lover of good men,sober, jusl, boly, temperate." We wboremain should profit by the example ofhis gentleness, coupled witb faithfulness."Mark tbe perfect man, and bebold theupright; for the end of that man ispeace." Nol only was the death of our departedbrother "peace," it was joyous, eventriumphant. The cherishing of thememory of sucb a life and sucb a dealhshould be helpful to every one of us.J. J. MacKeown, Clerh.II gives us great pleasure to learn tbalThird New York, of wbich Dr. F. M.Foster is pastor, has contribuled for Foreignilissions, Syrian and Chinese, $800.This is an offering in advance of formeryears, and worthy of special record. Itshould be a stimulus to otber congregations.Pittsburg, Pa.—We are indebted toMr. D. Chestnut for an invitation lo amusical and literary entertainraent givenby the Chinese Mission of Eighth StreetEeformed Presbyterian Church, Pittsburg,Pa., Feb. 17, 1902. There wereabout 100 pupUs enrolled last year. Thesuperintendent and bis wife, assistant superintendent,witb a number of teacbersengaged during tbe weelc in tbe publicschools of the city, giving tbeir servicesgratuitously, enables tbe work lo be carriedon wiihout cost to the congregation,and thus tbe Chinese collections meet allother necessary expenses, beside what theChinese contribute to National Eeform orsome other deparlment of Cburch work.St. Louis, Mo.—Tbe congregation inNews of the Churches. 83St. Louis has had a very checkered bistory.For many years it was under thecare of the Central Board. During allthat time it did nol more than bold itsown. Under the efficient pastorale of ouryoung brother, Eev. M. M. Pearce, it givesevidence of new life, and promises wellfor the future. The comraunion Sabbathwas Nov. 24. The day was pleasant, andduring all the services tbere were goodcongregaiions. On account of sicknesssorae of the older raeraberswere not ableto be present. Araong these was ElderMontgoraery, who has been closely identifiedwith tbe congregation for raanyyears,and wbo for forty-three years had neverraissed a coraraunion. Tbere was an accessionof five.This congregation deserves encourageraent.The raerabership is sraall—lessthan fifty,and not financaallystrong.They are doing wbat they can. A deficitof about $60 was raoretban raade up onthe Sabbath after coraraunion. The debton the building is the great drawback. Ifthat could be paid, there is scarcely adoubl that ere long St. Louis would be aself-supporting congregation. No mistakewas made in the choice of Mr. Pearceas pastor. He bas deservedly the confidenceand affection of the members, andso bas bis wife.J. W. Sproull.Utica, 0.—The report of tbe Treasurerof the Woman's Missionary Societyof Utica congregation for tbe year 1901is as follows:Missionary dues $31.00Monthly collection , 7.67Clothing sent to Southern Mission. 25.00$63.67E. J. Hervey, Treas.He was of the great society of Encouragers who make the wheels of the world goround. May power be given to tbeir elbows !—S. R. Crockett.

84 Monographs.SIR ROBEET HAET ON CHEISTIANillSSIONS.M O N O G R A P H S .We have been obliged in the past tocriticise soraewhat unfavorably the raagazinearticles written shortly after the siegeat Feking which Sir Robert Hart has sincerepublished under the title, "These frorathe Land of Sinira." It was necessary toshow where we felt thera to be ill-advised,the critics at horae being inffuenced by thegreat weight of Sir Robert's narae andknowledge, wiihout sufficiently consideringthe special circurastances in which thearticles were written. We are very glad tobe unable to criticise with anything butadrairation Sir Robert's recent deliveranceon the "ilissionary Quesiion inChina." The disturbing infiuences of thesiege at Peking and the confusion whichfollowed it have evidently passed away entirelyfrora the Inspector-General's raind,and he is again the calra, cool, able, wideraindedstatesraan that he has so often inforraer writings shown hiraself to be.Every niissionary in China and every raissionaryboard at home should ponder thiswell-considered, impartial irapression of athoughtful raind guided by long experience.Sir Robert begins by assuraing that raissionsto China will continue, and the irrepressiblelabors of missionaries will certainlybenefit many and probably offendraore. Their raarching orders, then, shouldsuggest to thera what they are nol to doas well as what they are to do; "not in thefaulty forra of a list of details, bul in thehandy and convenient shape of a principle."Sir Robert Hart's advice is thatmissionaries should respect the feelings ofthe neighborhood in which they settle—•and this we are sure they generally do—and avoid any interference in litigation."Let the missionary content himself withmaking his disciples good men and goodcitizens"—last year's occurrences showhow widely this has been carried out—"and let hira leave it to the duly authorizedofficials to interpret and apply thelaw, and adrainister their affairs in theirown way." If perseculion coraes, "I wouldadvise the individual or the coraraunity,"says Sir Robert, "to live it down, and as alast resort report the fact with appropriatedetail and proof to the Legation inPeking, for the assistance and advice ofthe Minister. 'Watch thou in all Ihings,endure afflictions, do the work of an evangelist,raake full proof of thy rainistry!' "Those who study raissionary raethods alall know that the very courses recommendedby Sir Robert are those that havebeen followed for years by the vast majorityof the Protestant raissionariesinChina.The question of inderanification mustsays Sir Robert, depend upon circumstances.The terrible and uncalled-forsuffering inflicted by the Chinese last yeardemands the fullest indemniflcation, butrenunciation raay soraetiraes do raore goodthan insistence on a flne. It is a raatterfor the individual conscience to settle.But Sir Eobert raakes one point whichthose who sneer at missionaries are veryapt to overlook: "Missionaries do notlose their civil rights on ordination; onthe contrary, and perbaps all the raoreso, if they in Christian charity are willingto forego lhem, their nalional authoritiesought to see in the renunciation of the individualall the greater reason for enforcingwhat the community respects as aright. Prineiple and circumstance are sointertwined that, adrairable as it is, even

enunciation raay cease to be Cbristianwhen il ceases lo be politic, and tbereforethe constituted authorities ought to besaddled with tbe responsibility of decision."The question of punitive measuresis a very difficult one. Sir Robert is surethat no missionary bas brought anybodyto punishment tbat did not richly deserveit. Looking at the past, so cruel were theChinese that il is clear tbat tbey bavemerited wholesale punisbraent; looking atthe future, raercy may be the wiser policy;but Sir Eobert feels tbat a large numberof men have escaped "whose punishmentwould probably bave been a good thing forthe future," and hopes .that their goodluck will persuade tbem to go straighthenceforward.Sir Eobert "writes most sensibly andfairly on the looting question, and his remarksshould have a wide currency in tbeUnited Slates, where tbe raost cruel andunjust charges against the missionarieshave been far too widely circulated and acceptedas well-founded. There is no fairmindedperson but must recognize thevaUdity of Sir Eobert's explanation:"During the siege we looted neighboringhouses; we thereby got food lo live on andmaterials lo make sand bags with. Afterthe siege, we bad to find quarters for ourselves,and we had to furnish them; wehad to find food for ourselves and for theChinese connected witb us. If we occupiedother people's empty houses, if we collectednecessary furniture frora olher people'sdeserted bouses, and if we seized andused food at poinis where tbere was nobodyin charge lo buy it from, il was becausenecessiiy forced us to do so, a necessiiythat grew out of such lawless doings astemporarily swept away all possibilitiesof living according to law. Charitable interpretationwill recognize the plight wewere in, and acknowledge the fitnessof tbeeffects produced by such a cause." TbereMonographs. 85was, undoubtedly, rauch inexcusable lootingdone by people who had not the mostshadowy claim to corapensation of anykind frora the Chinese; done in some casesby people to whora tbe troubles in NorthChina proved an actual godsend. "Onething," says Sir Eobert, "raay be safelysaid: The missionary was at all eventsnot worse than his neighbor; tbe probabilityis that be was belter, and the certaintyis that for whatever he did he hadbetter reasons and raore justification t];ianothers." Of the raissionariesat Peking,Dr. Ament bas been singled out for attackin raany quarters. His friends knewall along that the charges raade againsthira were incredible; and we are glad tobe able to publish the following vindicationby so good an authority as Sir Eobert:One name has been rauch spoken of andwrillen about in this "looling" connection.I allude to Dr. Araenl. Before thesiege began, it was Dr. Ament, singlehanded,who ventured down to Tungchou,fifleen miles from Peking, and broughl uptbe missionary communiiy that wouldprobably have perished there had it nolbeen for his plucky, timely, and self-sacrificingintervention. During the siege Dr.Ament turned out wilh the rest of us, riflein hand, when that horrid bell called onus to rauster and, perhaps, raalce a laststand for the woraen and cbildren. Itwas Dr. Araenl, too, who was set apart bythe Legation authorities to lake charge ofwhatever looted property was brought infor use of the Legations—a tribute to his 'honesty and capacity. Laler on, il wasDr. Araenl who, like or wilb bis colleagues,with no house of his own to returnto, look refuge in tbe palace of aprince Icnown to bave played a leadingpart in tbe destruction of the raissionarypreraises with whicb Dr. Araenl was connected—avery righteous "til for tat," andapproved of, I believe, by his national

86 Monographs.officials. Still laler, it was again Dr.Araent who courageously ventured outsideof and away frora Peking, to inquire intothe condition of converts at various points,and, with the support of officials, arrangedin an araicable raanner for corapensationfor injuries and losses.First and last, and all through. Dr.Araent did excellent work; and I ara surepersonal proflt and personal considerationsnever weighed with him in tbe slightest.Bul he stood on delicate ground, and il iseasy to throw stones! To ray raind, itwould have been better for raissionariestobave left the righting of wrongs to thosein authority. But the tiraes were out ofjoint, everything was anomalous, and soraeone, evidently, had to go to the front. Itwas tbe need, the duty of the minute thathad to be attended to, and perhaps thewonder is that there is not raore to flndfault with!Sir Eobert's deliverance, it "will be seen,has nothing very original in it, but it issound, and the views, if .they have beenexpressed before, gain force by having hisimprint upon tbem. He concludes witb afew remarks on the advisability of the returnof the missionaries to their stationsinland. He advises the avoidance of risks,be recomraends tbe missionaries not to beled away by the accident of tbe presenceof a friendly governor—it migbt be inferredthat he has not much faitb in thestability of the present amicable conditions—butto be guided by the known conditionsof the locality. This the missionarieshave doubtless done, and they havenot returned to their stations without theknowledge and sanction of their consuls;aPd, as we have said before, no popularrising can possibly take place without considerablewarning.—North China DailyNews.On His head are many crowns —John.DONKEY OR WOMAN—WHICH?There are some people who like lo seesome contrast by whicb the progress oftheir scheraes raay be raeasured. To youI write a few lines.This photograph is a starling point. Itillustrates conditions which are the outgrowthof a civilization without the powerof the gospel.I like the raaslerly words of PresidentRoosevelt before the Long Island BibleSociely last June, wherein he says:"Every thinking raan, when be thinks,realizes what a very large nuraber of peopletend to forget that tbe leachings ofthe Bible are so interwoven and entwinedwith our whole civic and soeial life, that itwould be literally—I do not raean figuratively,I raean literally—impossible forus lo figure lo ourselves what that lifewould be if these teachings were removed.We would lose alraost all the standardsby which we now judge bolh public andprivate raorals."No one raay read tbe Gospels withoutbeing convinced tbat pre-eminent amongall great religious teachers of tbe world,Jesus Christ is tbe best friend of woman,and for tbis reason His teachings havebeen far beyond all others in benefactionsto the whole race.Do you see in the foreground of the picturethe man riding the donkey? Followinghim are two women—one bearingjars of water, the other a huge load ofwood. This is a coraraon picture—a scenethat one raay see alraost any day bere^ndofttiraes repeated in the twenty-fourhours. A raan raay ride along complacentlyon his donkey, wbile wife anddaughter loil along behind bearing heavyburdens. Do you wonder that even a missionaryfeels like throwing a bunch offirecrackers under tbe donkey, or becomespossessed of an intense desire to unhorse

Monographs. 87such ungallant "lords of creation"? Isit any great wonder tbat a woraan of sixtyyears of age is the great exception in tbiseountry? Their days of raaturity areblighted and cut off by the heavy burdensof their third decade. So long as thewomen of a country are that country'sbeasts of burden, tbey will not becorae acountry's best advisers, nor ils raost capableconservators of all that makes civilizationpermanent and glorious.A few days ago ray wife told the servantand girls had hidden." But failing lo understandwbat he nieant by their hidingoranges, we questioned hira wilh the followinggain in the knowledge of the waysof this country: Pin raoney is very difficultlo gel by the housewives here. Tbelittle cash that raay fall into the handsof the raen is never divided with the wives.So these matrons go to the fruit tree fromtime to time during the course of ten daysor two weeks, and eacb tirae they bringaway an orange, or at most two. Tbeseto purchase some oranges. He did so, butwhen we looked at the oranges, we said:"Simaan, this fruit bas been a long tiraeoff the tree, and it is not fresh." "0,"said he, "I thougbt these would bave beenfully matured and best lo eat," and then,as in further explanation, be said, "Youknow that raen are not to be found attome during the day, and the woraenwould not dare to sell fruit from tbe trees,and I could only get what fruit the womenare carefully hidden away until a dozen ormore are accuraulated, then they watehtbeir chance to slip away "with the fruitlo sorae little sbop where they exchangethe fruit for such knickknacks as theyraay need. Now, I raaintain tbat anyworaan wbose husband has so little appreciationof her value as to bestride a donkeyand let bis wife trudge along behind carryinga great burden like tbese women inthe picture, bas a perfect right to a share

88 Monographs.in the orange crop even if she must sequesterlhal share and sell it at private sale.But look now al this second picture.You will agree that il exhibits a fine face,intelligent, sirong and earnest. This isthe teacher in our Suadia Girls' School.This is Teacher Kareeraie. She was uplast nighl lo pay rae the tenth of her earningsfor the past year. As I was countingthe raoney, I heard Mrs. Dodds saying toDr. ilartin, who has spent the Sabbathhere, "This is one of the sweetest Christiangirls you will raeet with in Syria—of selfishness, puts the load where it oughtto be, and sends man and woman alongthe homeward way, corapanions on equalfooting. Hereby nol only is the womaneraancipated from burdens, but man learnsthe vastly important lesson that manhoodattains its highest development in thearaelioration of the conditions of the oppressed;in recognizing the rights of hisfellow beings, raaking their welfare thelaw of his relations to thera, and in reahzingthat his bedrock character is influencedand deterrained by his raost intiraatecorapanions. Custoras indurated bycenturies of a stagnant condition rapidlydisintegrate under the influence of the gospehsociety readily fuses, so as to beraoulded inlo conforraity with the Divineideal—"heirs logether of the graee oflife."This is our ideal. But it demands of useach in his place—the workers at home,the laborers afield—persistent, faith-flUedeffort.For Syria's land so long forlorn.Our hope's in God by His own Word upborne.J. Boggs Dodds.bright capable and a sincere Christian.We love her very dearly."Wh}', let rae ask, is she such a contrastto the woinan bearing the load of brushwoodin the olher picture ? You will findthe answer in the book which she holds inher hand—the gospel of woraan's bestfriend, Jesus of Nazareth. What theAA^ord of God has done for her through theraission school may be done, is being done,for others in this land. But -ivhen thisgospel has made a girl worthy of betterIhings, it dismounts the donkey's burdenTAK HING CHAU.The following article is the substance ofa letter from Dr. George lo Eev. N. E.Johnslon, of Baltimore, Md., and is publishedby perraission:This day before Christraas finds us allal Tak Hing Chau, where our new homeis nearing corapletion. I wdsh you couldsee tbe beautiful site of our raissionhere.I ara sure the first thought that wouldcorae to you would be: "As the mountainsare round about Jerusalem, so theLord is round about His people." We haveraountains in sigbt in whatever direclionwe look. They are rugged ones, raore likeithe Eockies than the Alleghanies. Theriver is in sight about half a railein front

Monographs. 89of the new house. Tbe village of TakHing itself is thrifty looking. There aremany trees and many thrifty little gardens.The air is sweet and pure, and thatis a new thing to us since we'have beenin China. The contrast between thisthrifty country place and the homely,crowded, dirty streets of Canton is verygreat.ilr. Eobb is kept very busy superintendingthe building and interviewing theChinese during the week. On Sabbath beholds a Chinese service in the old housewe are living in. Tbe workmen on thenew house and some of tbe woraen of theneighborhood corae in. One old woraanwas late. She is so ranch persecuted forcoraing at all that she had nearly givenup. Her friends bad warned her thatthey would give her no rice if sbe keptcoming to the foreigners lo learn of tbeJesus doctrine, ilr. Eobb says they arepersecuted from the very flrst step lheytake toward learning of the new way. OurChurch at home sbould constantly rememberin prayer their persecutedbrethren in tbe heathen countries. Theyare the little brothers and sislers, and weshould watch over them witb tenderestcare. I ara sure you do pray for thera.Dr. Soraraerville in writing lo ilr. Eobbby this mail spoke of your interest inthe mission here, and expressed the- hopethat we should long have the blessing ofyour prayers. "The effectual, ferventprayer of a righteous man availeth rauch."Patients are coming in daily, ilr. Eobbhad been applying external reraedies witbgood success before we carae. I had avery pleasant experience wilb a palient inCanton. Before we left Canton theyeame bringing gifts, and the woman toldme that sbe was studying the gospel andthat she was very grateful in ber heart. Ihave mel Mrs. Kerr and gave her youiletter to her busband. She was verv kindto rae. The hospital founded by Dr. Kerris now in tbe cbarge of Dr. Swan, and hegave rae every advantage there. He evenaUowed rae lo perforra a cataract operation.God was at ray right hand, and itwas successfuhJ. ilAUDE Geoege.A MESSAGE FEOil TAK HING.On Dec. 20, 1901, Dr. George and I leftCanton on the beautiful river boat "NamNing." Our captain and chief engineerwere the only other foreigners on the boat.They were very kind, and tried to raakeour trip to Tak Hing pleasant and enjoyable.The day was oold, dark and glooray—raining raost of the tirae—whicb raadeus seek the comfort of our eabins.The captain would always tell us whenwe were nearing important stops or placesof inlerest, so we could go out on deck fora tirae. However, the raostattractive partof the country was passed during thenight.Morning would bring us to our journey'send, and we hoped fqr a brigbt, beautifulraorning, which was given us, andmade our hearts glad and rejoice as wewondered and adraired the beauties of naturewhich surrounded us.• AVe lost no lime in getting dressed locome out on deck, where we could betterview the surroundings. All along theriver banks were flourishing gardensplanted with such vegetables as the nativesuse. At a distance they were teraptingto any one.Tbe city is raostbeautifully situated inthe valley surrounded by raountain peaks,attractive because of their irregularityralher than richness of vegetation. Theriver flows in the narrow valley betweentbe hills and encircling peaks. Our firstglirapse of the cily was a little after sunrise,and we thougbt it a very attractivelocation. The absence of church spires.

90 Monographs.college buildings and schoolhouses "was atonce noticeable. Instead of these, thepawn shops tower above all others. Canyou iraagine how eagerly we watched forour raissionbuilding as we approached thecity ? AA^e at once recognized it as the onlyforeign d"«'elling. Mr. Eobb and our Bibleworaan met us at the boat and led the wayto our new bome. We were iraraediatelyreminded of. the absence of streel cars,automobiles, bicycles, electric lights andtelephones, neither did we see horses andcarriages, ilr. Eobb led the way and wefollowed in single file. We could walk noother way, as we only have little narrowfootpaths. Mrs. Eobb and the childrenwere ready to receive us, and gave us ahearty "welcome. They had seen only thenatives since coming here in October. Thenews soon spread that two koo-neungs(young ladies) bad arrived, and for afew days the natives gave us more of theircompany than was agreeable.AVe find the natives very amusing inmany ways, and though often provokingand disappointing, we do not lose heart aswould easily be tbe case with another classof people, reraerabering that in raany respectslhey are only children after all. Weare necessitated to receive the sick andwounded in our bouse. This requires thechildren, in a large raeasure, to be keptseparate frora the natives for various reasons.It will be delightful to occupy ournew rooms, where we can have a constantcurrent of air, wbich "will bear away raanyunpleasant odors with which we are incontact daily.I long for the time I can open ray schooland be able to care for sorae of theseneglected Uttle ones. The day school isalraost the only educational institutionkno-ivn to the Chinese. The fact "whichgives peculiar interest to the native orheathen day school is, that it is one ofthe great raeans for iraparting and maintainingConfucian systera in China. Wefind these schools in every city, town andharalet; every teacher in thera expoundsthe doctrine or teachings of Confucius andexhorts his pupils to obey the precepts ofthe sa.ge. It is one of the aims of theChristian day sehools to grasp this powerof heathenism and error and use it forChristianity and trutb. Thinlc of the millionsof children being trained up anddrilled in this heatbenisra. If there is anypossible raeans by whicb even a. portionof this great raass can be reached, shouldwe not put forth a greater effort ?The word which should specially interestus in relation to this task of Christianeducation, is the word opportunity. It isfor our Chureh to do this work if shewill, to share in the sacrifice and blessednessof it, to enter into the joy of ourLord. When we realize tbe children arescarcely touehed, I should say, are nottouched or reached by the preaching of theAVord or by the distribution of the printedpage, it burdens our hearts to reach them.One very efficient way to do this, will beto establish Christian day schools in everycity, town and hamlet. Tbis will' requiremore consecrated workers with raeans tosupport them.As our Church has begun tbe Christianwork in this province, let us seize thegreat opportunities that are ours for establishingChristian schools until they willbe a wonderful power for good. I believethat our labor supply depends on prayer,that prayer in faith and love will reallyprovide "as many as he needeth." Thatwe as Christians may all realize more andmore that prayer is indeed a power, onwhich the ingathering of the harvest andcoming of the Kingdom do in very truthdepend.AA''e rejoice the Cburch at borae remembersus constantly in their prayer. Praywith us that more laborers may be. sent

into the flelds so wbite to the harvest,and that rauch wisdom may be given usto plan our work so as to bring tbe bestresults. Pray for our Bible woman asshe labors among her own people to bringthem to Christ.Jennie B. Torrence.NEEDS OF THB SABBATH SCHOOLFEOM THB VIEAV POINT OFTHE PUPIL.There is to tbe ear of one interested inSabbaih schools no music, however skillfullyrendered, that is any more pleasingthan the hura and stir of a busy, wideawakeSabbaih school. Have we not beenthriUed upon entering the room where aSabbath school was in full progress, in astrange cburcb (for we are never late inattending our own school, but even tberetoo our attention has been diverted veryoften), by the babel of voices and bright,eager looks of pupils as they listen to andanswer their teacher ? And there followsthe Ihought, what a blessed privilege ofstudying God's word and learning of ourMaster, also of the opportunities affordedfor the sowing of tbe truth.A school should be careful to flrstchoosean exeraplary superintendent and thenthat superintendent, in his turn, sbouldbe careful in selecting teachers.We will flrstspeak of the teacher, forif a pupil can be a judge, it is he who isthe mainspring in a sebool, and wbo hasthe greatest opportunity of improving theschool by a self-improvement. It is impossibleto have an interesting class if theteacher does not raake il so. Teachersshould spare no pains to come before theirclasses well prepared. Pupils can readtheir teacher far better tban they are givencredit for. The fact that the teacher isMonographs. 91weU versed on the subject tends to call outthe admiration, love and confidence of thepupil, and it is essential that a pupil entertainsuch feelings toward a teacher if thegreatest good is to be accomplished andtbe way raade clear for the sowing of tbetruth. With how rauch greater inlerestdoes a pupil corae to his class when heknows the teacher, under whose instructionhe is, is ready to irapart sorae trutbhe has not in his study of the lesson hadpresented to hira, and to always have soraespecial tiioughts on the lesson. In tbis,as in other duties, do we frequently heara teacher excuse hiraself by saying, "I didnot have tirae for any further study of thelesson." We would urge you to flnd tiraefor a careful and prayerful preparation,and if that be irapossible, then give yourplace to one who can find time and endeavoryourselves to find such a one, forhow can a teacher give to a class what hehas nol? A teacher should always havequestions for the pupils to look up for nextday, if not on the following day's lesson,on the day's lesson; questions that theteacher thinks will do the pupils moregood to seek for Ihemselves. I have alwaysfound tbat teacher raost successfulwho encouraged his pupils lo ask questions.I bave bad the experience of beingunder the instruction of a leacher, whowas otherwise a very good one, but wbowould become embarrassed whenever aquestion was asked by a pupil, and a satisfactoryanswer was very seldora given. Itwas a great drawback to tbe growth of theclass. A freedom and frankness withpupils lends no small amount to the inleresttaken, especially so "with juniorclasses.A pupil sbould be made to feel that heis important and cannot be spared fromtbe class for even one day. It is an incentiveto try to do what is right, to pleaseGod and teacber, if it is known that thereis some one who is anxious for his welfareand wbo will be pained if he is not in hisplace.

92 Monographs.No one should attempt to teach a classif he eannot be present every Sabbath.A class in our school at one tirae containedseveral mission pupils, besides those of ourown church. The teacher could.not attendmore than one-half the tirae, but wasumvi Iling to give the charge to another.In course of tirae the raission pupils alldropped out, and our own pupils did nottake the interest they otherwise wouldhave taken. One must be at his post ifthe work is to succeed.Then baek of all preparation andraethods used there raust be a Christiancharacter. A teacher to win souls forChrist raust be filled with the Spirit. Itis such a Ufe that has power. We all knowhow rauch raore one's exaraple teaches thanthe words he speaks. Bonar has said:"Thou raust be true thyself,If thou the truth wouldst teach;Thy soul raust overflow, if thouAnother's soul "wouldst reach;It needs the overflow of heartTo give the lips full speech."A teacher's spirituality is often raeasuredby his pupils by the araount he putsin his hands and feet. It is easy to profess,but to act it out is the true test! ilanyforget that there is the gospel of handshaking.A boy who was a stranger in atown attended a certain church for a fewdays, but as no one carae to hira with thefriendly handclasp or invitation to coraeagain, he had thought that he would notgo again. After service an uncle andnephew were walking horae together, whenthe uncle, who was also a stranger andvisitor to the church, was upbraiding thenephew fpr the laclc of courtesy lo strangers.Just at that raoraent the boy caraealong and the uncle spoke very friendly,and the nephew followed his exaraplewith an invitation to corae again. "Oh!I ara so pleased!" was the reply, "for Idid not intend coraing again. I did notfeel that I was welcorae." The one boywas the raeans of doing the other one goodin both a spiritual and temporal way inafter life. How raany golden opportuniliesdo pupils as well as officers andteachers let slip by negleet of this simplelitile act! The pupil knows loo how muchof the soul is in the hand. It should bethe wbole soul!Then the gospel of willing feet. Whatbetter example of such gospel can be foundin any life than in that of the late D. L.Moody ? There being no opening for himas teacher, and in his great desire for sucha position, he raade one by going out intothe streets and gathering in a large class,and of wbat a life career was that the beginning.Could not any of us who havedesires for doing Christ's "svork flrstuseour feet by hunting for scholars? Thesuperintendent will not objeet, and if wedo not wdsh to teach thera ourselves, theteacher in whose class we place lhem willnot object—nay, ratber be pleased. Theverse conies to raind: "How beautifulupon the raountains are tbe feet of himthat bringeth good tidings, that publishespeace, that bringeth good tidings of good,that publishes salvation, that sayeth untoZion, Thy God reigneth."One great need of our school is a morehearty co-operation of pastor, elders andsuperintendent. The school is organizedby and placed under the care of the elders,but I fear that, in some cases, were it nota known fact, it "would not be known byany visible raark. I think a pastor orelder should give either his approval ordisapproval, as the case raay be, of theofficers and teachers chosen. If the schoolhas made a "^vise choice, let it be told so,and if not, let it put forth raore energyto supply what is lacking until an opportunetirae for raaking remedy. Perhapsif a few tiraely suggestions were given byelders, before election, as to wdio they

thought would be the one for the placethere would be a wiser choice made. Andby all means lhey sbould encourage a superintendentfrom tirae to tirae. If tbeirduty in this respect were raore faithfullycarried out, the superinlendent wouldcatch the infection, as il were, and wouldpass il on by encouraging the teacber,which I think is tbe most important of thesuperintendent's duiies, and flnally thegood would reflect upon tbe pupil.The pupih who bas reached the age lobegin studying the international lesson forhimself, gives roora for a need to beremedied in a Sabbath sebool by neglectingto do so. If it is best for a leacher tobegin studying the next day's lesson assoon as the day's lesson is over, a pupilwould help hiraself and teacher by doingso also.The AA^ord of God is tbe tool wbich isused to engrave on the young, characterwhich will make impressions on bumanitya httle laler. Pastors, superintendenlsand leachers all work for a future harvestof souls, and all know that tbe secrel ofpower is lo abide in the Vine. "Abide inMe and I in you. As the branch cannolbear fruit of itself, except it abide in theVine, no more can ye, except ye abide inMe. I am the Vine, ye are the branches.He that abideth in Me and I in hira, thesame bringeth fortb raucb fruit; for withoutMe ye can do nothing." You are thebranch. You need be nothing raore. Y'ouneed not for a single moment take uponyou the responsibility of the Vine, norleave the place of entire dependence andunbounded confidence. Tbe Vine willgive aU, work all. Only a brancb! Letit be your watchword. It will lead in the".path of continual surrender to Chrisl'sforking, of joyful expectancy of His blessingon work undertalcen. The character°f a branch, its strength and tbe fruit itItears, depend enlirely upon tbe Vine. AndMonographs. 93your life as a branch depends entirelyupon your apprehension of what our LordJesus is.(iliss) Nannie Caskey.RELIEF FOR THE NEW HEBRIDESIN SIGHT.The following measure, known as theGiUetl-Lodge Bill, was enacted in theSenate of the United Slates, Jan. 8, 1902,and passed the House Feb. 1, 1902:"Any person subject to the authority ofthe Uniled States who shall give, sell orotherwise supply, any arms, araraunition,explosive substance, intoxicating liquor, oropiura to any aboriginal native in any ofthe Pacific islands lying within twenty degreesnortb latitude and forty degreessouth latitude, and the 120th raeridian oflongitude west and the 1201b raeridianoflongitude east of Greenwich, not being inthe possession or under the protection ofany civilized Power, shall be punishable byiraprisonraent not exceeding three raonths,wilb or without hard labor, or by a finenot exceeding fiftydollars or by both. Andin addition lo such punishraent all articlesof a sirailar nature to those in respect lowhicb an offense has been coraraittedfound in the possession of the offender,raay be declared forfeited."Sec. 2. If it shall appear to the courtthat such opiura, wine or spirits bave beengiven bona fide for raedical purposes ilshall be lawful for the court lo dismiss thecharge."Sec. 3. All offenses againsi 'this actcommitted on any of said islands, or, on thewaters, rocks or keys adjacent thereto,shall be deemed coraraitted on the bighseas on board a raerchant ship or vessel belonginglo the United States, and thecourts of the United States sball bavejurisdiction accordingly."Nolhing was raore araazing than thelack of interest lhal was raanifested in

94 Monographs.this piece of legislation, so essential to thesuccess of raissionary operations in theNew Hebrides. The inquiries and reraarksof some of the representatives werevery amusing, and revealed colossal ignoranceof much with which men intheir position should be familiar. Accordingto an editorial in the Evening Sun,New York, a member from Missouriwanted to know if the bill applied to thePhilippines. He was told that the islandsindicated were the New Hebrides. ThenMr. Griggs, of Georgia, ashed, "To whorado they belong?" and when Mr. Sperry,of Connecticut, who introduced the raeasure,quietly replied, "To no civilized nationon earth," he deraanded, "Then whathave we got to do with thera?" The answerto this question was very wise, "Wesiraply say to our people that they shallnot indulge in the sale of opiura or intoxicatingliquors for the purpose of infuriatingthese tribes that they raay kill thecivilized portion of the people who areon the islands." The chairraan of thecoraraittee was also able to show that theraeasure had the approval of the latePresident McKinley, and the endorseraentof the State Departraent, and that GreatBritain was pursuing the sarae policy ofprotecting native races, not only in the interestof humanity, but of coraraerce. Soit passed by a vote of 187 lo 21, raany ofthe raembers declining to vote. It onlyremains for a world treaty to make thiprovisions of this bill permanent and universal.For many years the venerable missionary. Dr. Jobn G. Paton, has been pleadingfor restrictive legislation of this kindand when the good news reaches his islanchorae, this will be his songful message tcthe friends of foreign raissions everywhere,"0 raagnify the Lord with me, andlet us exalt His narae together." Thesarae Jesus who girded his loins withstrength and gave hira courage and coohness araid scenes of danger and death ondark Tanna long ago—the sarae Jesus thatclothed hira with health and energy in oldage lo travel for raonths and years throughthe United Stales and Canada, GreatBritain and Australia, pleading night andday for the cause of Christ in the NewHebrides, has heard the desires of hisheart, and raade his words effeciive. Supremein human affairs. He has deterrainedthis action of Congress, constrainingand restraining votes at pleasure to aeeoraplishHis wise and beneficent ends.The Lord Jesus reigns and under His mediatorialadrainistration raen are, willinglyor unwillingly, consciously or unconsciously,serving His purpose, and every nationshall yet bow in Chrislian loyalty at Hisfeet. Thus runs the covenant promise:"His eneraies will I clothe with shame, butupon Hiraself sball His crown flourish."As the light perpetually presses upon all objects and seeks entrance everywhere,and wiU come in at whatever window is open—nay, if but a cranny or pinhole bethere, wifi come in as much as it wiU suffer—so God's beauiy, truth, right, power,are continually pressing for entrance into aU souls in the universe, and as muchenters each as it will allow. Bul, as the light that enters is affected by the quality ofthe window it passes Ihrough, so il is with tbe light of God shining inlo human souls.—Samuel Longfellow.Consecration to Christ's service is not what we often fancy it—far-away height ofreligious attainment; it consists in doing the simplest every-day duty that comes tous, in such a spirit as lo make it a consecrated work.—Mary H. Howell.

Editorial Notes. 95EDITORIALNOTES.—Olive Trees costs only 50 cents ayear, except when mailed to subscribers inthe Borough of ilanhattan, where it ispubUshed, or to foreign countries, when75 cents must be charged to cover specialpostage. All coramunications should beaddressed loE. M. SOMMEEVILLE^327 W. 56tb St., New York.—The readers of Olive Trees sbouldexaraine the date on tbe wrapper, as thatindicates the tirae to wbicb the subscriptionhas been paid; 50 cents are a trifle toone person, but 500 tiraes 50 mean mucbto the man who has to pay tbe printer'sbill every montb. Eenewals are comingin from every direction, and tbe circulationis increasing, but a magazine thatrepresents a deparlment of work in theChurch second to no olher, should be inevery home. Subscribers should not sendmoney loose in unregistered letters, as itis almost sure lo be stolen. Twice wilhina few weeks we bave been notifled of lettersconiaining money tbal have neverreached this office, and the postal authoritiesare unable to trace them.—A private letter from Eev. HenryEasson, raailed at Marseilles, France, reportsa pleasant and uneventful voyage tothat port. He intends to reraain, wilh hisfamily, for a few weeks in Scotland (seep. 76) in the hope that quiet;, witb changeof climate and scene, will be beneflcial toMrs. Easson. He was himself suffering,as he wrote, from headache and nervousness.Mr. Easson thinks that he has foundan accurate description of bis own troublein "Eab and His Priends,"' wbere theauthor, speaking of his father, says: "Hewas, during his life, subject to headaches,affecting bis meraory and eyesight, andeven his speech. These attacks were, accordingto the thoughtless phrase of theday, called bilious; lhal is, he was sick,and was relieved by a blue pill and sraartraedicine. Their true secret was in tbebrain: the liver suffered because the brainwas ill, and sent no nervous energy to it,or poisoned what it did send. The sharp,racking pain in the forehead was the cryof suffering frora the anterior lobes, drivenby their master to distraction and turningon bim, wild witb wealcness, fear andanger. It is well they did cry out; insorae brains (large ones) they would havegone on durab to sudden and utter ruin,as in apoplexy or palsy."Two years ago Dr. Moore told our missionarythat be raust give up the studyof Greek, but he did not see how he could,until Eev. Mr. Agyptiades carae, when beallowed hira to talce charge of the Greekpreaching service. His trouble, bowever,seems to demand absolute rest.Eev. Henry Easson has been in the serviceof the Church, as foreign raissionary,for over twenty-flve years, frora 1872 to1891, in Northern Syria, and frora 1896 to1902 on the island of Cyprus. In botbthese flelds he has labored wilb greatfldelity, and he and his faraily bave strongclairas on tbe syrapathy and prayers ofthe Cburch.—The Corresponding Secretary of tbeForeign Board wishes us to remind thechurches that two new missionaries bave,with the approval of Synod, been appointedto China. Tbere is also a vacancyin Tarsus ilission that wiU be filledassoon as a rainister or physician, foundqualifled for the position, volunteers hisservices. These appointraents raean in-

96 Editorial Notes.creased expenditures that the friends ofthe work raust be ready lo raeet. Therecan be no "forward raoveraent" in tbefields unless there is a "forward raoveraent"at horae. Each congregation oughtto add fifty per cent, lo its offerings for1902.—Since the last report, Olive Treeshas received the following contributionsfrom tbe young woraen of the EeforraedPresbyterian Church toward the salary oftheir raissionaryfor 1902 :Mrs. J. C. Taylor, B. Craftsbury,Vt $5.20ilrs. Jas. Patton, Canonsburg, Pa. 5.20iliss Sadie Cubbage, Canonsburg,Pa. (4 years) 15.00ilrs. John Turbitti New York.... 5. 2t>ilrs. M. E. Latiraer, Eose Point,Pa 5.20ilrs. J. B. Williarason, Carabridge,Mass 3.65This is a statistical supplement lo Dr.Dennis' "Christian ilissions and SoeialFrogress," intended to furnish a "Conspectusof the achievements and resultsof evangelical missions in all lands atthe close of the nineteenth century." Wehave carefully exarained the statistics ofthe Synod of the Eeforraed FresbyterianChurch in North Araerica, and find sofew inaccuracies that we do nol hesitate'^lo commend the volume as one of exceptionalvalue to students of the raissionaryenterprise. It gives a very irapressive viewof what is being done lo-day for the evangelizationof the world, and should inspireto renewed efforts. The arrangeraent isso excellent lhal any one can lurn in amoment to the Mission and the departmentof "work in regard lo which he desiresinforraation. Like everything thatDr. Dennis undertakes, it is well done, andthe publishers are to be commended fortheir superior work.—The Gillett-Lodge bill (see p. 93)becarae law AVednesday, Feb. 12, 1902,"ten days" having expired, "Sundays excepted,"without veto. The absence ofPresident Eoosevelt at the sick bed of hisson probably prevented his signing. Thereis, however, a fresh ruraor in the StateDepartraent that the l^ew Hebrides has aprotectorate and, this tirae, Gerraany isnamed. "Getting a bill enforced," writesDr. AV. P. Crafts, of the Eeform Bureau,AVashington, "is quite a siege sometiraes,but I saw Seeretary Hay to-day (Feb. 13),and he will hasten it all he can. The treaty"ivill be needed to make the law permanentand extend it to all mission fields."—The Fleming H. Eevell Co., Ne"svYork, Chicago and Toronto, have sentus aCenten nidi Surrey of Foreign Missions.James S. Dennis. D.D. Price, $4 7iet.—AA"e are indebted lo ilr. AA'. HenryGrant, of the Foreign Missions Library,156 Fifth Avenue, New York, for a copyof "Philanthropy in Missions." Thisbook is a compilation from the EcuraenicalMissionary Conference Eeport. It givesin brief forra those portions of the reportthat deal with the actual work of the missionary,and it is arranged in the form ofstudies to raeet the needs of raissionaryineetings and classes. "Il was a happy inspiration,''writes Dr. F. F. EUeiiwood,"which led ilr. Grant to erabody in a verysmall compass so much of the very pithand marrow of the best speeches and papersof the great ilissionary Conferenceof 1900. It is difficult to see how thework could have been better done. Theseventy-page booklet is a casket of gems."The price of tbe book is 25 cents, 5copies for $1, 20 copies for $3, postpaid,and 100 copies for $12.50 and expressage.

O L I V E T R E K SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary Work in the Reformed PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. APRIL, 1902.QUESTIONS OF THE HOUR.THE DIGNITY OF SEEVICE.Rev. T. H. Acheson, Denver, Colo.of whatever capacity or rank, are subjectto Flira. He is the Lord of hosts—theangelic hosts, the starry hosts, and theLife is, in considerable measure, a forces of tbis world. Angels, raen,devilsstruggle for supreraacy. We struggle upthe mountain side, anxious to overtakeand pass our fellows, and desirous to standand all beings everywhere are under God.There raust be subordination in earthlyrelalions. The father is suprerae in histhe soonesf on the mountain top, and to horae, but he is also under the law of"reraain the longest dn the surarait. Theaverage man is selfish. He looks more onhis own things tban on the things of. others. Life is rauch like a wheel of fortune,on which the ascent of one raeansthe descent of another.It'is essential that man occupy a positiontown. State and nation. The raayor of acily is its chief raagistrate, but he is subjectto its laws, and to the other departraentsof government above him. TheGovernor of the State is not enthronedabove law, but is as rauch subject to itas the humblest citizen. The Presidentof subordination. There is mucb of our land is as certainly under its lawsnatural objection to being subordinate. "I as is tbe newsboy. The" King of Englanddon't want to be a hired man. I want torun the farm." "I do not propose to be ahired girl. I am going to have a bouseof my own." "I don't like to be a clerk.I want a business of my own." "I don'twant lo be a private in the ranks. I wantto wear the shoulder straps." Does notthis forra of expression represent rauch ofour feeling ? True, each one should desirebas a motto, "I serve."The thougbt of subjection to law is noarguraent for the slavery of the past or ofthe preseni. The auction block is repulsivelo righl conceptions of God's law.While raan is under law, he has his inalienableright to life, liberty and the pursuitof true prosperity and happiness.The servant is not tbe slave. The subjectproper advancement, and sbould strive forof law is not a chattel. To beit; but-there is so much restlessness under subordinate is not to be a tool.subjection.There must always, and everywhere besubjection for tbe creature, no matterTrue liberty does not consist in the absenceof divine and huraan conlrol. Itiraplies such control. It means freedomhow high he may rise. There is but one to work out the highest end of our being,God, and can be but one. There could and this could not be wrought out apartnot be two supreme beings in the universe.There is only One; and all otbers.from divine control. Liberty also cannotmean absence of limitation as to owner-

98 Questions of the Hour.ship and behavior. I cannot take wbat Judas. With awe and shame because ofI please and do what I please. I bave perfecttheir own selfishness, would the disciplesliberty to ride ray wheel down town, behold Him. Then He puts on His gar­but I must not tide at will over sidewalk, ments, and sat down. "Know ye. what Ilawn and flower bed. I may ride at have done to you ? Ye call ile Master andliberty along the street wbich law has Lord; and ye say well; for so I ara. Ifprovided. My own liberty and ray neighbor'sI then, your Lord and Masler, haverequire that both be under law. washed your feet, ye also ougbt to washEvery man is subordinate, and preeminentlyone anolher's feet." And it was probablyso lo God. Profession of loyal­in this sarae connection that He used those,;ty to Him does riot create the obligation other reraarkable words, "I ara among youto obey Him. It only deepens it. The as He that serveth."child is under the.authority of the horae Didn't Jesus serve men? Did He notwithout his consent. Likewise is the citizenunder tbe jurisdiction of proper civilgovernment, whether he has agreed so tobe or not.In the sphere of service we find thesuperlatively important example of Jesusminisler ? He healed all manner of, sicknessand all raanner of disease among thepeople. Are yo.u afraid of the sick room ?He gave bread to the hungry; said, "Son"to the paralytic; "Daughter" to the poor,,afflicted woman; louched the ¥oul leper;Christ. He served God. Tbe prophet stopped wilh the touch of life the funeral.calls Him God's "Servant." Eepeatedly at Nain; called the blind beggar to HimJesus Hiraself tells us that the Fathersent Hira into the world; He delighted toand opened his eyes; and found tiineamid the choking agony of Calvary todo God's will. His raeat was to do the comfort His mother, to pray for Hiswill of Hira that sent Hira, and to flnish eneraies and to corafort the dying thief;His work; "I seek not Mine own will, but and spent hours after His resurrectionthe will of the Father which bath sent with two humble and discouraged raen goingMe." When He neared the end of Histo Emraaus.life. He told the Father that He had finishedIf Jesus, wbo is tbe infinite God, whothe work which was given Hira to created tbe heaven and earlh, whodo. And Christ is God's Servant yet. As stretched out tbe heavens as a curtain andHe sits on tbe throne of universal dorainion,spread them out as a tent to dwell in, whoguiding Arcturus and controlling has moved forward the wheels of history- the glowworra. He is still the ilcdiatorial frora the creation of man, wbo controlsServant.Jesus served man. He came not to beall nations, and kindreds, and peoples, andtongues—if He were willing to serve raen,rainistered unto, but lo rainister. BeholdHira at the last supper with Hiswhere is the condescension in your doingit, or ray doing it ?disciples. It would seera that, noting Labor is noble; inherently so. Whattheir desire for sinful supreraacy, as to is labor? It is bearing fruit. It is usingwhich of thera would be the greatest. Heresolves to set before thera an objexjl lessontbe hands and arras and feet and lungsand brain that God bas given us for pro­that would never be erased from their ductive industry. It is the opposite ofmemory. He rises from the table, and folded bands, and lazy feet, and sluggishtaking a towel and water, proceeds to wasb brain, and unsyrapathetic heart Philipthe feet of eacb of them—aye, even of Arraour, the great merchant, has used the

words, "Idleness! I hate the word itself.Whether he be rich or poor, there is nomore vicious man in any coraraunity thanthe one who is voluntarily idle. * * *My advice to every young man is to findout quickly what be can do or must do,and then to work until he is done withliving. I never knew a healthy man thatconstant work injured—it's worry andneglect that kill men." Andrew Carnegiehas said, "If a man would eat, he raustwork. A life of elegant leisure is the lifeof an unworthy citizen. Tbe Eepublicdoes not owe hira a living; it is he whoowes the Eepublic a life of usefulness."Service where we are best fitted is thenoblest kind of service. If I can dig belterthan I can receive money at a bankwindow, the flrst is tbe nobler work forme. If I can use a mine-drill better tbanI can assay the ore, it is nobler for me todo the first. If I can drive a nail betterthan I ean use a pen, the firstis the betterwork for me. If I can plow betterthan I can preach, it is nobler for me tobe in the furrow than in the pulpit.There is so much objeclion to certainso-called forms of "menial" labor. The"word "menial" is unhealthful. It is notChristlike. The servant girl in ber placeis as noble as tbe President of tbe UnitedStates—migbt be a great deal more so.And she deserves a seat in the parlor, anda front seat in cburcb, just as mucb ashe does. The mind is but the measure ofthe man, and the nobility of mind is themeasure of the mind.What right have I to say tbat washinga dish is less noble than painting aplaque? In some cases it is immeasurablymore noble. Is washing a garmentless noble than powdering the face ? Wbatright have I to feel that sweeping a roomis less Christlike than playing tbe piano;that ironing a shirt is less womanly thanreading a lecture at some woman's club;Questions of the Hour. 99tha't sewing a garraent is less honorablethan worlcing erabroidery; that caring fora sick child is less noble than singing asolo; that visiting a dying, filthycreaturein a hovel is less glorious in the sight ofGod and angels than riding in the parkwith a poodle dog in the lap ?In the heavenly city where just judgraentreigns, the washerworaan will oftenbe higher than her dainty eraployer; thesewing girl more glorious than the primadonna; tbe rag picker in brighter garraentsthan the railroad presidenI; thestreet sweeper higher than the raillionaire.It is character that counts with God.Let eaeh do what he best can do, and thatfor hira is noblest.Service is indispensable for the com^mon good. All are parts of one greatwhole. The world is a unit. Society is aunit. Each one is a part of the machineryof mankind; a thread in the fabric; atwig on the tree. In a watch's raachinerythere is nothing superfluous; whether itbe a spring, or a wheel, or a pinion, or ajeweh or a hand. The,parasite is abnorraal.The hanger-on is unhealthful. Thegreatest good for the greatest nurabershould be our aim. Faul could even bavewished himself accursed from Christ forhis brethren's sake; thougb it is a mostblessed trutb that God never asks any oneto suffer spiritually for the good of another.But no one should be independent ofotbers. No one can be. Independencewould not be wise. Separation, exceptfrom sin, is not helpful. Tbe hermitcheats hiraself and the world by withdrawingfrora society. The words, "OurFather," teach the solidarity of mankind,suggest tbe unity of men, and the needof co-operation.The fact that y'ou may be worth a milliondollars, and so do not need to workfor your daily hread, does not relieve you

100 Questions of the Hour-.from obligation to be a helpful factor insociety. What nobility is there in mywithdrawing from active work siraply becausenecessity no longer corapels rae?Whal right have I to cease active effortfor the betterraent of mankind unless enfeebledby age or disease? What righthave I to use God's time and raoney injogging through Europe unless I can becoraeraore useful thereby ? Tbe raan whois worth ten million dollars has no moreright to be an idler than the raan who isworth ten cents. That was one of God'strue noblemen wbo, though he was theheir to one of the greatest fortunes inLondon, held a cabman's horse that thecabman migbt attend a Moody meeting.,We have been told that there is a merchantin Glasgow who refuses a seat inParliament, lest it iraperil his work araongthe Glasgow poor, and that there arewealthy members of the aristocracy who,with their wives and daughters, go habituallyinlo the low abodes of poverty andmisery, and who conduct missions of everyconceivable kind.Ser'uice is the pathway to exaltation. Itis necessary for our development—service,obedience, aciive obedience, useful' labor.Even Chrisi learned obedience by theIhings which He suffered. Knowledge ofbusiness is attained by continual apprenticeship.The soldier learns as he obeysorders and endures hardship. It is saidthat Queen Victoria was -brought up verysiraply and even severely; and she, nodoubt, was a belter Queen afterwards becauseof it.Carnegie bas well said, "There is nouse whatever, gentleraen, trying to' helppeople wbo do nol help theraselves. Youcannol push any one up a ladder unlesshe be willing to clirab a little hiraself.AVhen you stop boosting, he falls, to hisinjury."Service is-necessary not only for character,but also for" promotion. The employeebecomes the eraployer. The handbecomes the foreman, and the foreman'becoraesthe superintendenti The workraan,if he be faithful and intelligent," raalcesthe best manager. He learns the valueof tirae, the value of-raen, tbe temper ofmen, the worth of money, the best'kindof material, the best kind of machineryand the details of the work. CharlesSchwab, the President of the great SteelTrust, which we may not adraire, ateighteen received two and a half dollarsner week in a grocery; a little lat?r, onedollar a day frora the Edgar ThompsonSteel Works. At about twenty-five hewas superintendent of the Homestead;-Steel Works; when about twenty-seven, ofthe Edgar Thompson Works, and at aboutthirty, of both. Eecently, wberi not morethan thirty-nine, be was made tbe headof the raararaoth steel organization, toogreat to be easily understood. In 1848Andrew Carnegie was a "bobbin boy" in acotton factory at Allegheny, Pa., at asalary of twenty cents a day. We readthat the corapany whicb he created andcontrolled eraployed an army of 50,000men, operated nineteen separate furnacesof the largest size, owned two completerailroads, iron mines, docks, fleets andother raraifying interests.The poverly of Lincoln's early life madehira a better President. So did tbe early •hard work of Garfield .sirailarly help himin public life. Benjarain Harrison wasnot pressed for raeans in youthful years,but he was a stronger man and broaderPresident because of his farming andchoring, bis splitting wood and dippingcandles.So it is in the sphere of morals, ofspiritual development. For greaterheights of character, for broader capacity,for greater power, for wider opportunities,for positions of infiuence and leadership.

faithful serviee, obedience, usefulnesswherever we are, raake the best preparatorysteps. If you want a bigger place,occupy rightly the one you have.And this thought applies with peculiarforce beyond the present life, to thatsphere which is specially the place forreaping and reward. There reward isfull a.nd fair. Service in this Ufe is apathway to exaltation in the next. ChristHimself sits to-day upon tbe throne ofthe universe because He was willing loassume the form of a servant and to becomeobedient unto death. ' Our loyal, lovingservice will not fail of its reward."Whosoever shall give to drinlc unto oneof these little ones a cup of cold wateronly in the name of a disciple, verily Isay unto you, he shall in no wise lose hisreward." Service never brings salvation,but better service bere raeans greater glorythere.Service is necessary even amid the conditionsof the heavenly Ufe. Will Ave stillserve there? Will we not be free frorasuch relation tbere? No-! "His servanlsshaU serve Hira."God is ever God; ever suprerae. He isKing for ever and ever. The chief endof all beings will be the divine glory always.Also tbere will be orders of beingsin Heaven, different ranks, sorae higher,some lower. Also, too, each will belp theolher. We. will be interdependent. Bylove we will serve one anotber for ever.Heaven is nol a place of inactivity, ofmere rest, relaxation, leisurely enjoyraent.Our occupation will be soraething morethan strolling along tbe river of life andsilting in tbe shade of the trees tbat lineits banks; soraething raore than wavingpalms and singing psalras.Certainly there will be entire freedorafrora the bondage of sin; frora worldlyservice; frora anything- tbat wouldcause a feeling of restraint; andQuestions of the Hour. 101certainly "we shall have coraplete,peaceful rest; rest frora the burdensof sickness and worry; rest frora thetoil and labor of this life. These "forraerthings" will have forever passed away.But man's wondrous powers are notdooraed to inactivity in the. heavenlysphere. AVe are not saved to an eternalexistence of idle pleasure. Why, sin willbe absent, and whal an incubus that willlift frora our powers! How tbey will expandand achieve! And there will be anineffably wider scope for our activity. Willwe not journey Ihrough the universe, visitinga new solar systera every thousandyears ? And there will be no night there;and wilb continual, joyous, loving activitywe will serve our God above. Will therebe no repose ? Yes; repose,, but not forrecuperation; repose and activity:Has Abrahara been raerely enjoyinghiraself in luxurious repose for four tbousandyears ? Has Moses witb his splendidpowers been raaking no advance in studyand work? Isaiah raay be spealcing newprophecy. David raay be singing newpsalras. Paul raay be writing new epistles.John is not silent about God's love. Lulheris nol sitting with folded hands. Yourfather raay be on sorae special raission upthere to-day. Your child raay be flying,a white-winged raessenger, on sorae errandfar off in the universe.Yet God's people will not only serve,but also reign in Heaven. In the sarae utterancewhere it is said that His servantsshall serve Hira, it is also said, "Theyshall reign for ever and ever." "If wesuffer, we shall also reign with Him."Jesus said that to him that overcoraethHe would grant to sit with Hira in Histhrone, even as Tie also had overcorae, andwas set do-nm with His Father in Histhrone. We shall not only serve there, butalso rule.Therefore, friend, in view of tbis whole

102 Questions of the Hour.lopic, raake your life noble, no raatterwhere you are or what you do; whetheryou use a plow or a typewriter; whetheryou eraploy a pick or a pen; whether yourun a sewing machine or a college;whether you live on Capitol Hill or in theFive Points. Begin every day with yourface lifted to- Jesus Christ. Put fortbevery effort in His narae, in His strength.Let love for Hira and your fellowmenrun like a golden thread through everyhour. Let every step be taken for theglory of God. Coraraissioner Waring, ofNew York, put white uniforms on hisstreet-cleaning brigade, perhaps for thepurpose of teaching his men more respectfor their work and Ihemselves. So let usdo our work,'no matler where, with whitehearts and clean hands, and life for uswill always be noble.Sorae, yes, many, hurable lives havebeen glorious. Their names appeared not,perhaps, in the press. Garlands crownedthem not. Degrees were not conferredupon lhem. No uniform announced theirrank. Ijast week, perhaps, sorae raotherin an unassuming honie was laid to restLike the mariner at the compass, like thesentry on his beat, she had stood at herpost. Day after day she was faithful.There were bard work and monotony. Butshe aided ber husband. Sbe cared for herchildren. She reacbed out a helping handto her neighbor. She spoke to the erringand prayed for thera. She was in her pewon the Sabbatb. She wrought for herchurcb. Of such the w-orld is not worthy,and such will shine in Heaven with apeculiar luster.Shall our own lives not be more likethis ? Let the father say, as he thinks ofhis faraily, "I am here not to wait upon,or to be waited upon, but I am amongyou as be that serveth." Let the mothersay as to her home and coraraunity, "Iara among you as he tbat serveth." Letthe citizen say the same of society. Letthe employer say not, "I am bere to makethe raost I can frora my employees and thepublic," but, as he tbinks of the publiewelfare and the needs of his servants, "Iam among you as he tbat serveth." Lettbe cburcb member say, "I am bere notto stand upon my dignity, but to serveChrist and my fellowmen, wberever andwhenever I can." Let tbe paslor feel ashe thinks of bis-people, and tbeir homes,and his coraraunity, "I am among you ashe that serveth." Selfishness wishes toget out of this world all that it can.Christianiiy raeans to put all that it canintotbis world.Moravian chUdren are trained from infancy in the belief that their Chiirch existschiefly for the purpose of giving the Gospel to a lost world, and that ev-ery disciplemust do his part, however humble. Note the result. They give one raember out ofevery ninety-two to the foreign work, whUe we—the rest of Protestant Christendomgiveone out of every flve thousand; they send flve missionaries abrpad to everyrainister at home, "while we send out one missionary to every seventy-seven ministers.AVe play al missions ; lhey make it the dominant purpose of their lives.—Miss Bell M. Brain.A man may think he is doing God's work when he is not even doing God's will.And a man may be doing God's work and God's wiU quite as mucb by hewing stonesor Sweeping streets as by preaching or praying. So tbe question means just this :Are we working out our common every-day life on the great lines of God's wiU ?—Henry Drummon

News of the Churches. 103N E W S OF T H E C H U R C H E S .ABROAD.Latakia, Syria.—A letter of Feb. 7,1902, from Miss Maggie B. Edgar to tbeBoard, contains an item or two of generalinterest:Our school goes on quielly. The boyshavebeenin good healtb most of the winter,and work contentedly and with fairdiligence. At tbe comraunion in Januaryseveral applied for adraission, but the Sessionaecepted only two. They are allyoung—not too young to be Christians—but considering tbeir circumstances theymay not have counted tbe cost and maynot reaUze tbe imporiance of the step. Atsuch times the Session fear lo "offend oneof these little ones," and yet, in view ofmany past experiences, tbey feel the needof caution, lest they accept those who willbecome a reproach lo the Churcb afterwards.Writing, a few days later, with specialreference to the coraraunion. Miss WylieWe all felt very rauch encouraged. Althoughit rained all week, yel it clearedoff, and we had a good attendance, aboutseventy corarauning. Tbere were elevennew raerabers,seven frora the girls' boardingschool and the daughter of AsaadDagher. Four of lhem are of Proteslantparentage. One girl is frora Baharara, halfsister to the wife of the evangelist there.She is a sraart, well-behaved, thoughtfulgirl. I said to her sister, who, .with herhusband, attended the coraraunion, thatit was bard for girls situated as Menna isto hold out. Tbey cannot protect theraselves,and must marry as their parentschoose. Then they bave no chance to attendordinances. Sbe replied, "Yes, thatis all true, but it raakes a great differencein their lives, if they have once enjoyedthese things. They seera better able tobear tbeir trials. They are betier wivesand mothers, and they train their childrento love tbe Christian religion. It is onlyin this way that the Ansireyeh will beevangelized."Mr. Stewart has been at Tartoos formore than a week, and will visit the surroundingvillages. Dr. Balph was lastSabbath at Gendaria, and was preparingthis week to go to Gunaimia, when a telegramcalled hira to Metn. AVe are allweU.Mersina, Asia Minor.—Rev. R. J.Dodds writes briefly under date Feb. 4,1902, as follows:Mrs. Dodds has been very ill wilh lagrippe, which is rather prevalent, but isup and about again, though not strong.Several of our children have been downwith a mild form of the disease.The scbool work is going on well. Ibave no doubt spiritual influences are atwork. * * * The attendance al services,though small during the week ofprayer, is large again. The gatherings intown are smaUer than in previous years,and yet not discouraging.Writing Feb. 19, Mr. Dodds says:Last Sabbath we observed the sacraraentof the Lord's Supper in Mersina. Therewere a few additions by profession offaith—four were adults frora the heathen,and received the sacraraent of baptisra.There were also two cbildren presentedfor baptisra—one the little daughter ofa" Fellah woinan, who joined. She wascalled Wurdie, which raeans Eose. Tbeotber was the infant son of .our leacher

104 News of the Churches.and evangelist, Machail Luttoof, a forraerpupil and ardent admirer of the Eev. W.J. Sproull, forraerly of the Latakia Mission.He naraed his son SeraphiraSproull.Miss Sterreti and Miss McNaughtonand their assistants were gladdened byseeing sorae of the children who have beenunder their instruction and influence inthe school, corae out and raake a publicprofession of faith in the Lord JesusCbrist.Though sorae of our raembers were hotable to be present at the communion byreason of sickness, about flfty were presentto coraraeraorate the death and dyinglove of the Saviour. It was a joyous feast.The weather was fine, and as there happenedto be no special feast day to preventpeople frora attending, a good nuraber ofpeople turned out to witness the sacrament.The congregation numbered aboutfour hundred, and of course could not allbe seated in the chapel, but as the day wasso fair they suffered no inconveniencefrom being seated in the yard.Owing to the illness of Mrs. Habeeb—the wife of our licentiate in Tarsus—Ihad to conduct' the coraraunion withoutassistance, as I had to do in Adana also.There were so raany people present onSabbath day who could not understandArabic, I had to preach ray serraon bothin Arabic and Bnglish, and turn frora theArabic to translate into English quite anuraber of tiraes throughout the wholeservice. But the Lord strengthened raewith special strength lo raeet the specialeraergency. The attention was close, andthe interest raarked, and sustainedIhroughout. All expressed themselves asdeeply impressed. They thought it a raostsolemn serviee. II was the first time manyof thera had witnessed a Protestant communion.One raan said the hours seeraedonly like rainutes. For all the crowd waslarge for the space, tbere was no confusion.The coraraunicants carae forwardand withdrew frora the table with the utraostorder. The order was the raore reraarkableas several seatsful of childrenhad to be raoved to make place for thecoraraunicants, for whom there was notroora at the table.One of the teacbers who is not connectedwitb our churcb, gave his testi-.mony that he was raore deeply irapressedand felt raore of the Spirit's work in higheart, thougb denied tbe privilege of beingpresent with us at the table, tban he hadever experienced on any occasion whenhe sat as a coraraunicant at the lable inhis own church. Previous to the comraunionhe had said to rae that he acceptedour principles and would like tocoraraune with us, but he knew he couldnot live wilhin the bounds of a Covenanterchurch, and he felt it would be a very seriousthing to talce Covenanter obligationsupon hira and then recede from them. Hecited the case of a friend wbo had, whileteaching here, united with the church—the person mentioned was indeed convertedhere—but having no opportunitynow of corarauning in a Covenanterchurch, he has to reinain araong the Chris--tians where he is without partaking ofthe Lord's Supper, and rauch distressedabout the use of uninspired hymns in worship,etc. Yet some people assure us thatno Syrians have any conscience!A raan told rae a few days ago that inprosecution of his trade in a neighboringcity, he was thrown rauch in contact withthe Protestants there. He said they donot have the regard for the Lord's daythat the people of your churcb have. Forexaraple, he said raany of them open theirshops and buy and sell after they haveattended church. Doublless he confoundedadherents with communicants. In thesarae cily we bave an evangelist at work.

He told rae much about tbe evangelist'sdUigence and faithfulness that delightedme. For exaraple, he said he kept a conslantwatch over hira, asking bim to raeelingsand talking to hira about Christ, etc.Also he said that in the suraraer raonthswhen the brethren were scattered over theplain, working bere and tbere, the evangeUstgoes after thera from village to village,reading to them and exhorting them,and encouraging them to keep the Sabbathholy. I do not know how far it wasthe result of this evangelist's work thatthis raan on returning lo Mersina raade aprofession of faith in Christ.Our business agent here, who is raucbamong the people, and, I trust, considerableof an evangelist, mentioned to rae afew days ago .a thing whicb pleased raemuch, bul whicb I have nol yet had anopportunity to investigate—namely, thatthere is a great interest now among theGreekr orthodox people, who use the Arabiclanguage in tbe reading of the Bible; abrother of the Congregational Church whois laboring among tbe Arraenians, a dayor two after mentioned to me, incidentally,that the Arraenians are growing noticeablyinterested in searching the Scriptures.I doubt not that, if it be really thecase, there will be conversions by and byas a result of it.Gebra Luttoof says the Greek orthodoxArabs are taking a great interest now inour psalra-singing, it being a part of ourworship which has notbing correspondingto it in their churcb. If is only sincethe publication by rae of a translation ofmy father's well-known arguraent for theexclusive use of the inspired Psalter inpraise, with an introduction by the Eev.James Marlin, M. D., tbat they have hadtheir attenlion forcibly called to ourearnest contention for purity in worship.A few nights ago we had two earthquakeshocks about one-half hour apart.News of the Churches. 105The second one was quite violent It appearsto rae that a raoral earthquake andupheaval would do good in this country,and I am not without hope that it willcorae by and by. You will be inforraedfrora other sources of the reraarkable revivalsin Tarsus, Adana, Mersina, Aintaband elsewhere. Mersina is the only placeI have had opportunity of observing it. I.ara not thoroughly satisfied with it as arevival, but al least it is resulting in raanyhearing the gospel who eared nothingfor it. before.Sorae young evangelists carae frora St.Paul's Institute, Tarsus, to help on theworlc here. They have expressed tberaselvesas araazed at the wickedness of Mersina.They say it is rauch worse thaneither Adana or Tarsus. In fact, sorae ofthera have been giving out that hereSatan's seat is.A letter of February 22 brings furtheritems from Mr. Dodds :I have just returned from Adana, wberethe work is mbre encouraging than elsewherein our field. The spiril of thebrethren is earnest; the attendance issraaller, of course, than in Mersina. Theattendance is, bowever, in the neighborhoodof fifty; even if it was ranch sraallerI would feel it wrong to be discouraged.Nearly all read, as I have told you, and itis a cheering sight to sSe thera all coraingto church with their books. You rausthave observed that it is considered a raarkof degradation in this country for a personto carry anything, even though it wereonly a book to church on the Sabbatb. Itis raore gratifying to see thera all findingthe place in their books and following thereading with deep interest. AVe are inone of the poorest quarters of Adana, butright araong the Nusairia, of whora, howeyer,few can be induced to corae into ourraeetings. The house we occupy is two

106 News of the Churches.rooms, two stories, huilt of adobe bricks,with a covered porch in front, and nearlyinaccessible in -winter for mud. We haveno table and no bench. All sit crossleggedon the floor. After the service tbeyask eacb other Bible questions, and searchthe Scriptures for answers.It is thrilling to see thera handle a Fellah,if one happens into their assembly,tbeir eyes glowing witb ardor as tbey openup tbeir books all around him, urging thefact of the divinity of Jesus Christ, andtbe reasonableness and necessity of Hisdeath in order that a way (3f salvation. might be found for losl raan, and especiallyeraphasizing the doctrine of salvationby faith in Hira alone.Suadia, Syria.—A private letter fromMrs. J. B. Dodds to Mrs. Sommervillecontains this interesting bil of news: ,Before New Year's we bad to have somenew seats made for our cbapei, as wecould not seat all the people who eame.Every Sabbatb alraost every seat has beenfllled. The high stone platform at oneend of the chapel has been filled withscbool boys and girls, who left their seatsat the front for strangers to flll. Youwould be reminded of so many little chickens,nestled together, could you see tbekind little boys who sit upon a mat onthe floor, and look up at the rainister withbig, shining eyes.Two weeks ago tbe chapel was well filledwith a mosl attentive audience. Mr. Doddswas preaching on Christis willingness andability to save. Encouraged by the eagerfaces before hira, all listening to catchevery word, he becarae eloquent just as astranger walked in and sat down. Happilyignorant of the character- of the notorious"stranger, the rainister went on:"0, ye robbers! Christ is able and willingto save you! 'Are you not willing tocome ?" and he pointed rigbt at the guiltyraan. The stranger was never tbere before,and fortunately, was so rauch surprisedand interested to see a "priest"preaching in a language that he could understand,that he did not see the people'sunconcealed arauseraent at the minister's"bravery" in telling tbat wicked, notoriousrobber to turn from his evil way.In the next sentence the minister shotan arrow straight into the face of a poorraan who is killing himself with drink,and said:"0, ye drunkards! You can be savedfrom sin and drunkenness by this Christ,the Son of God." The drunkard droppedhis head.The rainister went on with his warningsand exhortations, not sparing the bestor worst raan, woraan or cbild. Glad werewe last Sabbatb to have our little chapelalmost more tban full. After aU, peoplewant to hear the truth. Will you notunite witb us in prayer that tbe gospeltruths may be accepted in Suadia ?Under date of Feb. 19, iliss Cunninghamalso writes as follows:We are having fine weather here, andboth the schools and all tbe church servieesare exceedingly well attended. Ihave seen notbing like il in Suadia. LastSabbatb at the morning service we couldhardly find seals for the people, althoughwe had the school boys give up their seatsand sit on mats on the platform. Surelythis coming of the people to hear theword of God is in answer to the prayersof God's people, and we bope that theywill continue instant in prayer, not onlythat they may come to hear, but be movedby the Holy Spirit to obey the gospel andaccept Christ as the One and only Saviour."Let us asft great things from God andexpect great tbings from God."Yesterday we bad one hundred andtwenty at the women's meeting. We were

obliged to talce out the benches andspread mats on the floorfor them to siton, and even tben some had lo stand outside.No one will have to stay away fromCbrist for want of room. God grant thatthe word may be accepted. It is the powerof God to salvation.Yesterday I went to see a woman whosedaughter died a few days ago. Sbe leftthree little girls. Her mother said tbatthe day before sbe died they were makingarrangeraents for the second wife, andthat one woman came in and offered herselfas a candidate. This sarae woraanmarried a raan here, and after living withhim about a month, be left ber and raarriedher daughter. Sucb is heatbenisra;only those who Uve here know the vileness.It could nol be told.Last week I went to see a raan who wassick, and as I.was coining horae I beardsome one calling me to stop. Presently is more encouraging.a Fellah came up and gave rae a letter.'Imagine'ray surprise and delight when Ifound that it was frora tbe soldier that Iwrote about some time ago. Such a niceletter. He says tbat he would dearly liketo hear from me, that he has not forgottenthe truths taught him, for tbey are inhis heart, and asking me to go often to seehis people and talk to them. After twelveyears' absence from our school, and in aTurkish barracks, surrounded by ignorantTurkish soldiers, the gospel is making itselffelt; no Bible, no Christian friends, nochurch serviee, no prayer meeting. Surelythe truth is raighty and will prevail.God's word is not bound, but mighty inils power. God grant that be may bekept in the midst of evil and be a truesoldier of the cross. We trust tbat youwill make his case a special subject forprayer. Let us think of our privilegesand helps, and yel with it all how often wego astray, .not only leaving undone thethings we ought to do, but doing theNews of the Churches. 107things we know quite well we ought nol todo. Careless in our prayers, in our readingof God's word, and this poor boy isdenied the blessing of having the writtenword. Tbank God he has it in his heart.We greatly need the Spirit.Cypeus.—The foUowing iteras areCulled frora a letter, written Jan. 29, byDr. W. M. iloore, with special referenceto the building operations and the departureof Mr. Easson:Last Sabbath the Arraenian paslor fromNicosia was here (Larnaca) and preacbedin Turkish. He bad a good audience, andthe Arraenian brethren were very raucbpleased. As he has been so long in Nicosia,I think il would be well to have himhere for six months. * * * rpj^g ^orkaraong the Armenians in Nicosia is al astandstill, but the work among the GreeksRev. Aegyptiadeswill raake a few visits to thera, and I bopehe raay have opportunity to preach.* * * It is our earnest prayer that theHoly Spirit raay be poured out on thisfield and that God raay be pleased lo acceptof our poor services and send us otherhelpers. * * * q^j, school is sraall,but doing well.To-day the Greek consul carae up ,lowhere I was at the new building. Hepoured out a few maledictions on the raanwho had burned the chapel, and thenadded, "That raan has been the cause ofyou getting a better church." It will govery bard with the bishops and priests tosee a stone building erected so soon.Though endorsed "Private," we lakethe liberiy of publishing the followingletlerof friendship to Rev. Henry Easson,because it tells a story we wish thechurches to hear :" Dear Brother,"Your lettor of the 10th inst., which

108 News of the Churches.reacbed me on the 18th, made sorrowfulreading.'' One does not care at the outset of veryresponsible work to hear of the loss, eventemporary, of a tried and valued friendlike yourself. That, I confess, is a selfishview of your enforced retirement; but Iam not insensible to the regretful feelingswbich you and Mrs. Easson must have inleaving the island for reasons of health.I trust that very speedUy the strength ofyou botb may be repaired, and if Godwill, that you may return for anotherterm of service lo Cyprus and the homewhere I visited you.'' Before saying farewell for the presentand wishing you God speed and a veryhappy reunion, permit me to express thevery hearty thanks of the Sociely to youfor the painstaking and untiring interestyou have ever shown in our work.'' Personally I feel very grateful to youfor all the devotion you have raanifestedsince I was here lo witness it'' Were Mr. Weakley near he would, Iknow, very heartily associate himself witbevery expression of gratitude and goodwill.I am, yours most truly,"Alf. a. Cooper."portant duly should be the suppression ofdesperadoes and tbe protection of all lawabidingpeople; to protect all Christianmissions and all foreigners."stations with the glad news that certain.•China.—No letters have been received people, who are interested in the gospeh'from the missionaries in Tak Hing Chau are clubbing together to open a preachingin tirae for this issue. But iteras in regardstation in the city of Chang Chou. Otherto the work in China, recorded un­der this head, should not be overlooked.generous gifts of land and "premises havebeen made in other places. We are' rejoicingin these signs of blessing.Mr. Peng, a Chinese evangelist in theProvince of Hunan, in a letter to Dr.Griffith John, reports the arrival of a newlyappointed Taotai at Heng-chou. ThisTaotai called on Mr. Peng and inforraedhira that he was "forraerly connected with.the Tsung-li yamen, and that at bis audiencewith the Erapress Dowager, Her Majestytold him that -«'hen he arrived al bispost at Heng-chou his first and most im-The London Chronicle reports, accordingto the Eev. J. W. Wilson, of ChungKing, a very remarkable readiness to hearthe gospel in Sz-Chuan: Tbe people inmany places (Nov. 4, 1901) are greedilybuying and studying our books. Fromseveral places we have received voluntaryoffers of premises to be used as chapels;in short, a flood of interest in spiritualIhings has suddenly burst upon the province,and every worker in the district isas much astonished as be is overjoyed atthe change. After making every allowancefor unworthy raotives, we are stillbound to admit that we are face to facewilh a moveraent, tbe like of which hasnever before been seen in this province.It is now that we feel so keenly the needof tbe belp for which we have' so longpleaded in vain. * * * People aregatbering in groups here and there in thecounlry districts for the study, of Chrislianbooks, and one of ray assistants hasjust returned from a visit to the countryWriting frora Pekin, Nov. 5, 1901, tothe London Chronicle, Eev. T. HowardSraith says: "Our work in the West Cityis not without encourageraent. Two Sabbathsago I had the joy of baptizing threeraen and three cbildren. One of tbe menwas forraerly a very silent characier, andcould hardly be got to talk. But now heis a different raan, so that it may be'said

f him, the tongue of the dumb has beenunloosed. His desire now is to speak forthe glory of God."Several New York papers recently publisheda press dispatch which says, underdate of Dec. 30, 1901:The civil officers of Tung-Chow havegiven a reraarkable funeral to- nativeChristians wbo were raassacred last year.This action was talcen in accordance withan agreeraent witb tbe missionaries, bywhicb the missionaries were to refrainfrom demanding tbe punishment of tboseguilty of raurdering the Christians, ifpublic atonement was raade for the criraesthat would impress tbe people with respectfor missionaries and converts.The funeral procession traversed theprincipal streets of the walled city ofTuhg-Cbow. There were seventy coffinsto be interred, and these were followed byhundreds of relatives of tbe victims.The procession was coraposed of a corapanyof Chinese cavalry, a corapany of infantry,several bands and hundreds of mencarrying gaudy funeral emblems. Theprocession took two hours to pass the reviewingstand, where were gaihered tbecity officers. Gen. Ma, coraraander of theChinese troops, who besieged Tientsin;Mr. Conger, American Minister' to Cbina,and many American and English missionaries.An immense crowd witnessed the funeralserviees at tbe cemetery. Chineserepresentatives of flftyvillages where theChristian converts bad been massacred attendedand bowed before tbe banners asthey eulogized tbe Christians for havingdied in defense of their faitb. Tbey subsequentlysigned documents guaranteeingprotection to the Chinese Christians ifthey would return to tbeir homes.The missionaries and tbe Chinese Christianstraveled in a specialcar from PekinNews of the Churches. 109to Tung-Chow. After the funeral servicesin the temple the Chinese officialstendered a banquet to the raissionaries andthe converts.An interpreter attached to the GermanEmbassy in Pekin bought a silver cup andplate at an auction after the siege. Dr.Otte, of the American Eeforraed ChurchMission at Amoy, wbilst attending tbisman during an illness, saw the cup andbegan to exaraine it. To his surprise hediscovered tbe following inscription:Presented to the MissionOE THEA. B. C. F. M. AT CantonBYEOBEET MOEEISON,1832.'Seeing the doctor's interest, his patientgave hira the cup and plate, which wiliprobably be presented in due course to theAraerican Board, to whora it originallybelonged.II would be interesting to knowthe history and strange adventures of thigrelic of our great missionary.Japan.—A minisler of the Church ofEngland thus writes with regard to the religiousawalcening in ^apan:.Tell it out to the churches. The HolySpirit has come upon the churches ihJapan! This is the Ihought that is uponthe lips of many missionaries in this landto-day. And why? Because wonderfulthings are being done daily. Missionariesraeet one another and say, "It is wonderful,wonderful; I cannot understand it."Thank God, we don't have to understandit. Our eyes have seen and our ears baveheard; and the things we have seen andheard we bear witness to. God,, the HolyGhost, is moving upon the bearts of theJapanese in a raarvelous way. The oldestmissionaries have never seen anything likeit in the history of Protestant missions

110 News of the Churches.in this country. Other lands and islandshave in the past borne testimony to similareagerness on the part of the people for thesalvation of God, but never befor.e Japan.Eighteen years ago Japanese pastors andhelpers received a raanifestbaptisra of theHoly Spirit, following the Osaka GeneralMissionary Conference, but the peoplewere not raoved as they are now. Sincethe Tolcyo General Missionary Conference,held in October last, there has been amongmissionaries, Japanese pastors and helpers,'"astirring up df tbe gift" that is inthem, and the result has been raarvelousin our eyes. Nearly~all the evangelicalraissionaries and tbeir assistants have fallenin line with the organization of theGeneral Coraraittee, appointed by the Conferenceto inaugurate a Twentieth Centurygeneral evangelistic raoveraent.New Hebrides.-—The PresbyterianRecord for February contains a letter fromDr. Annand, in which he says amongother "things:.Two young men of South Santo, whowere for a time in the institution, haveopened two new slations araong the bushraen.One of these couples has settledaraong the people who murdered Mr.Sawers and his servant ten years ago.These people are not yet very friendlywith the teacher, as the white traders, towhom they occasionally go, have stronglyadvised them lo have nothing to do withthe missionaries. Some of the young raenwho went horae to Nguna, from the institution,have been writing back to theirfriends here, that sorae of the whitesettlers about Pila have been calling therafools, for spending four years at theTraining Institution, while they raightbave beeri getting good wages from them.Also that they, the traders, would givethera more pay than they would get forteaching. Thus the opposition to ourwork does not all come from black heathen;The New Hebrides Magazine reportsthat "a bill now before tbe Federal Par-.;liament of Australia provides that theKanaka labor traffic is to cease almost immediately,and a date will be fixed forending the serviees of Kanakas at present"in Queensland."Africa.—The Moravian missionarieswho took • over the L. M. S. station ofUrambo in Central Africa are bravely carryingon the work, in spite of many difficultiesand discouragements. They arejust getting a grip of the language^ andone of them is engaged on a translation ofSt. Mark's Gospel. The Sabbath congregationsaverage about seventy; but noconversions have as yet gladdened tbe missionaries'hearts, and tbere are few signsof spiritual awakening. A new stationhas been opened at Igumila, the flrstlinkin a chain whieh it is hoped will one dayconnect Urambo with the Nyassa Mission.The first service at IgumUa was heldon Oct. 3, in the presence of the sultanaof the district "The queen," writes Br.Stern, "occupied a chair next to mine onray left hand. I told tbem tbat there is aliving God, who sees and hears everything,and who is to us a loving, merciful Fatherin Christ; and I spoke about Jesus, theLord of life and deatb, who died for oursins. The Bible pictures I had wilh mewere a great help to me, as I was able toillustrate the deeds of the Saviour byraeans of thera. Botb chiefs and peoplewere most attentive. It is, in a way, humiliatingto observe what a lasting effect isproduced upon such people as these whenthey bear tbat the Son of God came downto the earth and became a man for oursakes, in order lo redeem us. Everythingpassed off witbout the least disturbance—a solemn silence pervaded the assembly. I

News of the Churches.Illthank God most beartily for what He letme experience on that day."—LondonChronicle.practically created all the towns. Nothingastonishes the newcoraer in Africa morethan the absence of towns up country. Itis only with the arrival of the railwaythat anything has been constructed whichcan be called a town. Nairobi (ten milesdown the railway from Kikuyu) has alreadynearly 8,000 inhabitants, and otherreenters are springing up both in this protectorateand in Eastern Uganda, whicbwill doubtless claim the rank of cities inthe near future.—Life and Work.The Sign of the Cross is being laid inglorious light upon dark Africa. Athwartthe almost unbroken line of Christianmission stations from the Cape to Cairoruns anoiher chain from the Atlantic tothe Indian Ocean. For twenty-five yearsthe Cburch of Scotland has held her po'stat Blantyre in British Central Africa, andnow we are called lo occupy a place on theother limb of the Cross at Kikuyu in BritishEast Africa. The new position is athousand miles nortb of the old. Dr. D.C.E.Scott,wbo,going to the Shire Highlandsin 1881, saw a great church risethere, sel out last Noveraber for the KikuyuHighlands. Here" by his bands andthose of bis fellow-workers may a greattemple be built to the glory of God.On the 20tb December the ForeignOffice at London received a direct telegrarafrora Port Florence, the terminus ofthe Uganda Eailway' on the Victoria Nyanza,announcing tbat the railway wascomplete belween tbe coast of tbe IndianOcean and the sbore of Victoria Nyanza,and that the firstlocomotive bad steamedinto Port Florence. The message tookonly an hour and a balf in transmission."The construction of this railway," writesSir C. Elliot, H. M. Coraraissioner of EastAfrica, "has no doubt been the most importantevent in the bistbry of Bast Africa.It bas transforraed the interior andAT HOME.Allegheny, Pa.—Read these itemsfrom Central Board :Financial Statement.Overdrawn- Expendi- Overdra-wnFeb. 1,1902. Receipts, tures. Mar 1,1902Domeslic Missioii $1,573,53 $145.19 $W.60 »1,439.83ludianMission 206.81 319,10 208.33 86,04On band,On hand,Feb. 1,1902, Mar. 1,1902Southern Mission 404.64 115.00 500.16 19.38Chinese Mission 147.90 28.60 67.58 108.92Jewish Mission 178.47 17,00 100,00 95.47sustentation Fund 479.96 • 495.18Domestic Mission.—Rev. E. M. Colemanis succeeding in reviving the work inTopeka. The aitendance at the servicesis encouraging. The interest is increasing.At the raeetingof the Board on thethird Wednesday of April, the quarterlydividend will be declared. Clerks ofPresbyteries wUl please take notice. Itis easy to calculate how large will be thedividend, when it is noted that there is adeflcit to-day of $1,439.83, and thefourthquarter of last year unpaid. The collectionfor this fund was taken up on theflrst Sabbath of October.Indian Mission.— Seasonable rainsbrighten the prospects for good crops.A Sabbatb school for whites has beenstarted. It is beld iraraediately beforethe church . service. Mr. Stevenson hascbarge of. t;he boys' school and Mrs.Stevenson ofthe girls'.The expenses of the mission are increased,owing to the Government nolonger supplying rations.The roof is now on the new hospital•building. It wiU be ready for occupancybefore long. When completed, it willsupply a much-felt want.Southern Mission.—One of the teachers,Miss Blanche George, has beenseriously ill. She is now raucb betterand hopes to be able soon to resurae berduiies.

112 News of the Churches.There has been a falling off in attendance,as this is tbe time of year thepupUs from the country drop out.The course of study is being revised.On account of tbe irregularity in attendanceand the inattentive habits of thescholars, it is very difflcult to grade theschool. Progress, however, is beingraade. There are eight rooras.The effort to provide better accommodationsfor the leachers is likely to provesuccessful. The accommodations are entirelytoo cramped.Sustentation.—The collection for thisfund was to be taken up on the first Sabbathof March. It is to be hoped thatthe $5,000 asked for wUl be raised.J. W. Sproull.The closing exercises of the present sessionof the Theological Serainary -will takeplace on Tuesday and Wednesday, April29 and 30. The week previous will be occupiedwith written exarainations. Thereare five candidates for licensure—Messrs.Sarauel Edgar, Ernest il. Elsey, SarauelE. Greer, Julius A. Kerapf and D. C.Malhews. There are five students whowill complete their course—ilessrs. W. J.McBurney, Hugh McCarroll, E. L. Mc­Knight, H. B. Mcilillan and W. G. Eobb.The Christian Citizenship Conference,the sessions of which were held in theAUegheny E. P. Church, Feb. 24 and 25,was well attended and interest increasedto the close. The Conference was preparedfor by the Comraittee on TestiinonyBearing, the Eev. W. J. Coleraan, D.D.;chairraan. The list of .speakers was large—twenty-four—but all were present.After each principal address, an appropriateresolution w^as raoved and secondedin carefully prepared ten-rainute addresses.The resolutions were adoptedby rising vole.The great therae of the Conference wasChrist in governraent, and the duly ofthe Christian when Christ and His law.are left out. The evidence wS,s curaula^'tive, and seeraed at the close to lead to butone conclusion—non-incorporation with agovernraent which does not acknowledgethe authority of God.The Conference, judging from the interestraanifested, and frora that undefinedinfluencewhich touches hearts, gave courageand renewed strength to tbose whowere perraitted to be preseni.Special mention is due to Dr. Colemanfor his work. It -was thorough, and satisfiedthe thoughtful listener by the questionsproposed, and by tbe answers given.The addresses are to be published underthe supervision of the TestimonyBearing Commillee. The- students andprofessors in.Seminary led the way in thisand contributed theraselves $53. Thepress took little notice of the meeting, theprincipal Pittsburg daUy making no menlionof it. Tbe published account in fullwill, therefore, be awaited with anticipation.F. M. Foster.New Yore:.—On Sabbath afternoon,March 16, 1902, Mr. Hugh O'NeiU, afterweary weeks of ill health, passed out intothe eternal rest. Born and brought upamid the godly surroundings of a Covenanterhorae in tbe north bf Ireland, Mr.O'NeiU carae to New York in 1854, andat once,.with other raerabersof the faraily,became identified with tbe Second EeforraedPresbyterian Cburcb, then underthe pastoral care of Eev. Andrew Stevenson,D.D. Tbough only a young man, heevinced a taste for business which wascuUivated and developed, till at last he becameone of the leading spirits in themercantile world. But no pressure ofsecular duties was allowed lo keep him out

News of the Churches.IHof his plaee in the house of God on Sabbath.His religious convictions imbibedin childhood, as well as regard for theviews of the Cbristian denomination ofwhich he was a member, were seen in refusing,thougb an extensive advertiser, lopatronize the Sunday newspapers or handleliquors in tbe grocery department ofhis store. And yet with all his firmnesson these points, he held the respect of thecommunity.From 1862 to 1893, when he and hisfamily uniled witb the Madison AvenueEeformed Church, Mr. O'Neill was in fullcoraraunion with the Eeforraed PresbyterianChurch. Whether in the raerabershipof the Second Congregaiion tinderthe ministry of Dr. Stevenson, or of theFourth, under tbal of Eev. Jas. Kennedy,D.D., be was loyal at once to the localorganization, and to tbe larger interests ofthe denomination, seeking to raaintain andextend the cause of Christ bjs liberal personalofferings, and not unfrequently byfilling out tbat which was lacking in theofferings of others. In sympathy witball forms of religious and charitable enterprise,he showed a very deep interest inthe foreign missions of the EeforraedPresbyterian Churcb. He gave largemoney to aid in the erection of buildingsneeded for school purposes, and we are ina position to know that, in addition to hisregular contributions to raissionary workat home and abroad, he gave $1,000 yearlyfor at least a decade to the Tarsus Mission.Nor did tbat interest eease with thetransfer of his allegiance to anotherbranch of tbe Cbristian Cburch. Only ashort time ago he was aslced if he wouldaid in the erection of a home for the•teacher and scbool in a Syrian village,where the original building, throughneglect and Turkish thievery, bad falleninto ruins. His reply was: "What isthe. estimated cost ?" and then drew acheck for the full araount. Olher instancesraight be given.Not only at horae, but in the Churcband in society, Mr. O'Neill was deservedlybeloved. Social, big-hearted and true, hewill be missed for raany a day in this comraunity.But Christianity is the religionof hope, and we expect to meet hira againin the grand raorning of resurrection—life and glory.A few days ago the woraen of SecondNew York and friends sent TreasurerWalter T. Miller $420 for the raountainsehools in Syria. The cbildren of a largelymission Sabbath school connected withthat congrega.tion contributed during thepast year $195. Of this amouni $150were appropriated to the Syrian Missionand $45 were forwarded to • TreasurerJobn T. Morton, to be divided equally betweenthe Indian and Southern missions.The raorning offerings of the Bible classes,araounting to $41, were devoted to localwork.Early in Marcb the rainisterof this congregationreceived a letter frora an agedworaan, a raeraber of tbe EpiscopalChurch, and an entire stranger to hira, inclosing$100 for the benefit of tbe congregation,in raeraory of her parents,"raerabers of the Eeforraed PresbyterianChurch, New York City, who passed lothe life eternal in 1826 and 1832."her request the narae is not given.AtParnassus, Pa.—God in His wisdoraallowed death to enter, into our raidst, andon March 4, 1902, took to Hiraself ourdear friend, Mrs. Jane Allsworth. TheLadies' Missionary Society of Parnassuscongregation desire to place on recordtbeir appreciation of ber genuine andfaithful Christian character. We shallalways remember her gentle, cheerfulspirit as worthy of imitation. Her wise

114 News of the Churches.counsels and ready aid wiU be mucb By Domestie Mission $25.00raissed by our society. A wide circle of By Southern Mission. .• 15.00friends bear testiraony fo her constant ex- By Chinese Mission (foreign)... 10.00hibition of the best traits of godly char- By Chinese Mission (doraestic).. 10.00acter. She loved the bouse of God and By Indian Mission 10.00His worship, and longed for the unUy, By Jewish Mission 10.00prosperity and peace of Zion. . By gift to Telgie Ibraheira 5.00A good woraan has gone to her reward. By postage .61While our hearts are sad at the loss of By balance 3.47her presence araong us, we feel that weshould rejoice in her realization of "that" . $139.08blessed hope." Our prayer is that God We are entering the thirty-second yearwill perfect in us the same graces that as a missionary society, believing that asenabled her lo finishher course witb joy. God has blessed us in the past, so He willMrs. F. M. Wilson,in the future continue His blessing evenMrs. a. B. Copeland,more abundantly, and our desire is thatCommittee. we raay become more devoted and lovingin our service for our Saviour.Philadelphia, Pa.—The annual re- Mrs. K. Service, Treas.port of the. Ladies' Missionary Society ofiliss Annie Forsyth, Sec^y.,'the Third Church of the Covenanters for1901 is as follows: Selma, Ala.—Mrs. H. H. George, writ-We have to report an increase in mera- ing from Montgomery, Ala., Mareh 3,bership of four and a decrease of two 1902, has kindly sent Olive Trees theby death, leaving sixty-nine members en- following sketch of a visit to the Southernrolled. We have beld ten regular business Mission:meetings, ahd one raeeting held-in April A copy of your paper, so' full of miswhenwe had the pleasure of listening to sionary news, reached us the neA day afterMiss Mattie E. WyUe, at which time the eoming to this place, which raade us feelsum of $20.00 was collected and given her. that perhaps your readers would be inter-This year we raade up and sent to our ested in a short account of our visit to theSyrian Mission boxes of goods, the filling Southern Mission. We received a rightof which created quite an inlerest araong royal welcome, and had a very pleasant;our Sabbath school children, when we de- stay with our good missionaries at Selma,cided to let thera have a share in con- Ala. If hospitaUty is on the wane intributing. Christian horaes, tbe decline has notteeasueee's report. reached Selma. Every one seemed to beEeceipts.anxious to contribute wbat they could toJan. 1, 1901, to balance •.... $4.78 add to our happiness. Even the littleAraount collected frora dues.... 109.30 children, brought their bunches of flowers.Subscriptions from honorary Of course we had a deep interest in the"^embers 25.00 religious training. The flrst of this weheard on Sabbath morning in the congre-$139.08 gation's Sabbath schooh . We felt so muchExpenses.at home in hearing the dear old PsalmsBy Foreign Mission (Syria).... $50.00 used in God's praise. We were delighted

News of the Churches. 115to see the number of cbildren who cameto the morning serviee. Upstairs theytake up the International lessons in thisschool. In the afternoon tbe Sabbathsehool is under the auspices of the Mission,and eacb teacher has cbarge of thepupils of her own room. Prof. Eeed superintendstbis scbool, and also teacheshis own class. Their lessons are selectedfromtbe Old Testament. Tbe raissionariesalso teach in the raorning school.Every pupil of the day scbool is requiredto report at one of these schools. Onehour a day is spent in Bible sludy in eachroom, besides the chapel exercises eachmoming, which consists of reading theScriptures, prayei* and praise. On Thursdaymoming they have a general rehearsalof the questions in the catechisms, Seripttyeverses' and Psalras that they havelearned during the week. It is raarvelousthe araount of this kind of work there isdone in one week. Some of tbe roomsrecited a whole chapter. When you knowthat each pupil is required to corarait allthe verses recited by tbe roora, it givesyou an idea of the magnitude of the work.Sixty pupils in a room committing a chapterof twenty-five verses will total 1,500verses. The two schools in the countrycarry out tbe same plan of Sabbath schoolwork. We were sorry tbat we did nothave an opportunity of visiting tbese Sabbatbsehools, as we did their day schools.The literary training is mucb tbe sameas you flnd in any school. It is reading,spelUng, wriling, arithmetic, etc. Soraeone might ask. Why do we eraploy missionariesto teaeh tbese branches? First,to secure their attendance for tbe religiousinstructions, and, secdbd, the State doesnot provide school accommodations for allher children. A lady teacher in Montgomerytold me there were more than twohundred white children that eould notfind room in the schools. When a pupilis suspended for some offense, some oneIS waiting for his seat, and gets it, schemust remain out till another vacancy occurs.There is an excellent public scboolfor the colored children of Selma, but Ido not suppose it is large enough to accommodatemore than one-third of thecolored .pupils. The South is raakingrapid strides in educational lines, and erelong they will provide for the educationof botb races.The prayer raeeting was conducted ingood old Covenanter style. Appropriate• references were read and addresses madeby both old and young. Eev. Kingstonhas cbarge of the prayer meeting andmorning Sabbath schooh atid conductsthera with soleranity and earnestness.On invitation of Eev. Kingston, tbecolored pastors and many of their congregationscame to hear Dr. George preachboth Sabbath aflernoons, and showed greatinterest in our reform work. We held twowomen's raeetings and organized a permanentsociely for the uplift of the homesaraong the race.It. is really an inspiration to raeet withsucb earnest and devoted workers. Wesh'all long reraeraber our visit to Selraa.We were very enthusiastic over improvementsthat migbt be made in the way oftbe introduction of industries, a Biblereader,more roora for the teachers, etc.How we wished we could bave read inOlive Trees tbe treasury is overflowinginstead of "overdrawn," so that the Boardcould take advanced steps. What a pitytheir hands are tied.The pains we spend upon our mortal selves wiU perish with ourselves; but the careve give out of a good beart to others, the efforts of disinterested duty, the deeds andthoughts of pure affection are never lost.—Dr. Martineau.

116 Monographs.SUADIA LIMITED.M5'. Cassius and Orontes Eiver Eoute.M O N O G R A P H S .This is an annual (an animal) train,with few peers and no superiors. Its superbappointraents and luxurious equipmentshave few equals in raodern travel.For solid corafort it is unequaled, as yeeditor very well knoweth.A glance at the raagnificent "highbaclc" coaches and the, rolling stock ingeneral will convince you of tbe hardfacts.This Oriental passenger train raalcesone round trip annually to Kessab, thepopular suraraer resort of Northern Syria.It is the close of the season at the abov^"'center of health and recuperation. TheLatakia Special has already gone, carryingthe faraily of Eev. Mr. Stewart awayaraidst the "Good-byes" and expectationsof "backsheesh" that are a matter ofcourse in this land of cordiality ( ?).The through train to Antioch next pullsout from the Grand Central with its specialcar, conveying Dr. Martin back to hisfield of labor over fhe sarae picturesque,"roughesque" "Up Eiver Eoute" alongwhich, several weeks before, had passed"The Aleppo Consolidated" with its largeScotch Fresbyterian delegation (Eev.Wra. Christie and faraily), wbo bad addedso much to the good fellowship of tfieseason.The conductor of the Suadia Limitedcalls "All aboard! Train leaves Mt. Cassius,via its rocks, gorges and peaks, tothe Half-way Station, Orontes Eiver,Orontes Valley, due at Suadia Station beforesundown."Passengers all aboard, the bell rings."Irashee! Irasbee! Irasbee" ("Move on!Move on! Move on!") and araid the callsof "Ma salaarae!" ("Go with ray peace")of the natives along the way, the train issoon under full speed—tbree miles anhour. Instead of cogwheels, they go jog,jog, jog, ddwn grade, and jerk, jerk, jerk;•up slopes. "A colored porter" (muleteer),"whose service is at the disposal of the,patrons of this route, attends each flrstclasscar." "As special attention is givento the care of ladies traveling alone oraccorapanied by children," the conductor'swhole lirae is devoted tt) the corafort andwelfare of bis passengers.After oiling and re-oiling tbe car wheels"with the ever-waving, snapping, whip,whip, whip, the train steams into theHalf-way Station, w-here it waits one hourfor dinner, rest and photography. Firstclasspassengers dine on a cold lunch fromthe conductor's saddle bags, in the sameunbounded room with the porters. Thesarae blue sky overhead, tbe sarae brightsunbeams shine upon all. The porters"coal up" the locomotives frora the feedbags on the donkey's pack saddle, andseat theraselves on tbe ground to eat thebread and figs lhey carried upon their ownbacks.The picture was taken at the Half-wayStation, as you see it. All passengerswere "aboard" except the pbotographerl-The conductor always stays close behindthe "sleeping cars," witb their preciousloads, the junior passengers, who, by theway, are soon arabitious to leave the"sleeper" and ride on a "high-backcoach." Now comog the down grade, withyawning precipices below, which, nodoubt, are raagnified by parents' eyes asthe raule turns the curves in an awkwardway, while the wee faces peep from thewindows of the shaky train with manya bob and burap. Soon the Sultan's high-

Monographs.Illway is so rough above a frightful deep,that the passengers, though accustoraed tothe rocks and raountain sleeps, dismountand walk down, down, down, to the levelof the sea. Here they get the full sweepof- the miasraa exhaling from swamps nowin their autumn green (scum), breathingup their malaria germs for foreigner, andnative, too.The "Suspension Bridge" is reached,the suspension being as to whether allglad sound; "ileet salaarae!" ("A bundredwelcoraes").Tbe Suadia Liraited will not make anothertrip until next sumraer, when theschools are closed and the suramer heathas become too intense for foreigners safelyto endure. MeanwhUe the conductor isdoing the work of preacher, teacher, student,bookkeeper, counselor, visitor, overseerof carpenter, painter or raason, anduniversal director of things in general.SUADIA limited.will get safely across the Orontes Eiver inthe Small ferry boat. Passengers dismountand the uncoupled train is lakenacross in sections—two or three mules ata time. The captain of the ferry boatstands in the end of the long, narrowboat and guides it across by holding onlo a rope that is stretched across the river.Tired and weary the passengers are whenthe train arrives at the ilission station,"Srhere rings out from wailing friends theNever was our work at this stationmore encouraging. There seeras lo be anawakening in sorae lines. More thirstfor learning, raore wiUingness to respondto the ring of the gospel bell. One unusualthing is the attendance of somemarried men (Fellaheen) at school. Maywe have the prayers of the Churcb for aspiritual blessing upon those who areseelcing intellectual good from the schoolwbich it supports ?

118Will soon send your readers a pictureof the "conductor" and four of his convertsfrom the Fellaheen—boys who arelittle lights in our midst—aU membersof the Churcb."A Passenger"WHO loves the work at thisend of the "Line."Suadia Station.THE PRBSBYTBEIAN MISSION INCUBA.news prom the advance line at guines.Most of bur friends have already heardof our flrstexperiences in Havana—ofour struggles wdth the Spanish language,of the firstimpressions made upon us bytbe queer custoras of a strange people, andof vexatious delays to our goods in thecustora house. Others have written of thequeer raarkets,and the houses with tbeirprison-like grated windows opening uponnarrow streets. But we soon learn thattbey have been taught by Providence howto best construct tbeir buildings in orderto escape the burning rays of a tropicalsun in mid-summer. And since our Creatorhas endowed us all wilh bodies havinga wonderful adaptability to different conditionsof life in different zones, we soonfind ourselves falling into their ways ofliving, and flndingcorafort out of whatwould have seemed at firstto be discomfort.There is not time to write of the greatneeds of a city like Havana. Made entirelyfree for this past suraraer, and wetrust for all tirae,from the awful scourgeof yellow fever by the untiring efforts ofthe sanitary engineers under the directionof the U. S. Array, yet the raoralneed isas great as ever. And the Church ofChrist needs yet unitedly to do for thecity of Havana what our United StatesGovernraent has been enabled to do underGod for the physical welfare of the inhabitants.Besides the tbree Presbyterianraission stations in Havana, there are onlyfour others conducted in Spanish, oneeacb under tbe care of the MethodistChurcb (South), the Baptist Church,,(South), the Congregationalists and theDisciples of Christ. But "what are theseUttle stations to a quarter of a raillionpeople in a great city like Havana? Ijudge that in the case of each of theseraissions, as in the case of those whieh Ihave had the privilege of visiting, thatitis irapossible to find accommodations inthe present limited quarters for alTwhoare. anxious to attend. All the missionrooms in the city proper are totally inadequate,and poorly ventilated, and yet arecontinually filledto suffocation.If there were time I migbt write an interestingstory of the worlc done here in"Havana for two years previous to this bytbe Eev. Pedro Eioseco, representing theSabbath School Board of the PresbyterianChurch. I raightwrite of many lonelyhours, and yet on the other hand of manyanswers to prayer in tbe experiences ofMr. Eioseco, who was among the firstAmerican missionaries to follow the Americansoldiers to Havana. He was permittedto be the instrument in God's handfor gathering a Sabbath school in IndustriaStreel and starting tbe work of thePresbyterian Cburch in Cuba.A second Sabbath school was gatheredin anoiher ward of the cily. At this timetbere carae to his assistance Rev. AntonioMazzarana, one wbo for more tban a dozenyears past bad been one of the leaders intbe struggle to set bis land free fromSpanish and Catholic domination. Hisfamily have suffered much in the cause ofliberty, bis son having been captured nearMatanzas, and although he was at first'condemned to be shot, this was afterwardcommuted to imprisonment for life in theSpanish military prison in Africa; there

he remained as a prisoner until set freeat the. close of the Spanish war with tbeUnited States. Rev. Mr. Mazzarana bassince been commissioned by tbe HomeBoard of Missions, and is laying splendidfoundations for a second Cuban congregationin* Havana. He is being supported inhis work here by tbe Brick Cburch ofEochester, N. Y.As the Sabbatb school work in Havanagrew, it was necessary to remove the firstschool to a larger building across tbestreet, and it was" tbere that* we foundthe work (Calle de Industria, No. 39)when we came down in the montb of October.Preaching in Spanish and Englishhad already been a part of tbis work. Butnow a step forward was to be taken. Thefruit was to be gathered. The Board ofHome Missions had already appointed asSuperintendent of Presbyterian Missionsin Cuba the Rev. J. Milton Greene, D.D.,formerly of tbe work in Mexico, and morerecently in charge of the work in PuertoRicO. Dr. Greene is supported in hiswork here by the First PresbyierianChurch of East Orange, N- J., of whichthe Eev. J. M. Ludlow is tbe paslor.Another re-enforcement also came inEev. Herbert; S. Harris, who in the monthof November joined our missionary rankshere, having been for one year after leavingthe Seminary, an assistant pastor inRev. J. Wilbur Chapman's congregation(the Fourth Church of New York), andafterwards having been chosen to representthem in Cuba, and being support^!by them. I might here add tbat all thework here in Cuba tinder tbe Home Boardis tbus provided for by special gifts fromindiridual congregations, sinee I myselfhave the privilege of representing the CentralPresbyterian Churcb of. Brooklyn,N. Y., and tbe churches of Shenango Presbyteryin Pennsylvania.Delightfnl were the Union services inMonographs. 119English at 10 o'clock on Sabbaih morning,in which we all had an opportunityof participating, and which were a fittingpreparation for the work of the day. Andnever shall I forget tbe impressions madeupon my mind, as in the other Spanishservices on the Sabbath, at different pointsin the city—and during week nights aswell—we sat under the preaching of Dr.Greene during tbose first few weeks, as" beopened up Christ's teaching about HisChurch, and what it should be, and laidthe foundations for tbe step that was soonto be taken. After much prayer and teaching-and careful exaraination of applicants,the Head of the Church gatheredHis own harvest, and we had the privilegeof seeing tbe organization, on the secondSabbaih of December, of tbe First PresbyterianChurch of Havana with a Cubanmembership of thirly-five. To this sbouldbe added a number of raerabers from tbeAmerican colony, frora araong whom werechosen the two elders: The large proportionof the people of Cuba, while slillkeeping up a raore or less nominal connectionwitb tbe Eoraan Cburch, are still outof all sympathy witb it, largely due to thenotorious misconduct and imraorality oftheir priesis and the corruption of thewhole cburch. Very raany of the peopleare therefore becoraing unbelievers in allthings religious. This gain in merabershipthen raay be counted as coming almostwholly frora the world or from outrside of any church connection. Very interestingis it to see an audience drinkingin these facts and religious truths whichare all new to them, of Jesus Christ as theonly Saviour from sin, and as the onlyHearer of Prayer withoui any other interniediator.And now permit a. digression. Mightnot the Churcb and all the missionarieshave a right to expect that those wbo cometo this land in tbe interest of business en-

120 Monogrdphs.leiprises, or wbo are bere in the servicesof the Government, coming as the representativesof a Christian land, would atleast give their encouragement to missionaryefforts? But what are the facts? Thatvery few of these turn aside frora doingtheir own pleasure on the Lord's day, bulare to be found at the ball grounds orthe race course in the afternoon, or theband concerts or the theater in the evening.,Tbese few words give a view of aSabbath in Havana, and these things canstitulethe saddest features of pur work.In the struggle against Sabbaih desecration,we have alraost no support from theAmerican citizens who are here or froraour Governraent. Array discipline andarmy routine work make il almost impossiblefor officers or men lo attend Divingservice even when they migbt be so disposed.There is no chaplain al any ofthe army posts within the city of Havana,and consequently no religious servicesamongtbe soldiers except those conducted.by the Army Young Men's Chrislian Association.II is with sorrow that we recordthese facts, and that our Government duringthis teraporary occupation of Cubahas not given its influence in behalf of theobservance of the Sabbath. Alraost withoutexception Governraent officials arecorapeUed to work raore or less on the Sabbath,at least in the morning. And thearray officials use the Sabbath as "payday." Surely such ought not to be if weclaim that the United States constitute aChristian nation. I .write tbese things indrder that you at home may feel that youhave a very important part to perform inhelping on the missionary enterprise,-inhaving our Government officials acknowledge'to the world tbat we are a nationwith an open Bible and a Christian Sabbath.Bul while I write the work is pressingon. The day school under Miss MabelBristow, from the New Brighton PresbyterianChurch, is increasing its- influence.This scbool not only furnishes allthat is given in .the other raodel schoolsthat bave been opened by the Government,but also adds what they have omitted^viz., the daily moral instruction.". Mr,Eioseco has since organized a third Sabbathschool in still another part of thecity, where preaching services are alsoraaintained, and the Mission in Havana isplanning to raove into new quarters. Butthese were, only raonths of preparationfqr us—of language study and of the study^of new probleras. At last tbe time camefor us to secure our own fleld. Whereshould it be ?I am writing now from Guines. As tothe providence of God which led us hereand the wonderful crowds whicb havecome tb the first services, flllingthechapel; also of tbe terrific denuneiationsof our worlc in the Cathedral on a recentfestival day—^but without any apparentdirainution, as yet, of the attendance atthe Protestant services, also of the requestfrora the leading men and families of thiscoraraunity, that we establish a school ofhigh grade, all this I must reserve for mynext letter.Bul I cannot close without aslcing yourprayers that we may be guided, and be"willing to be guided, in just the stepswe should take from day to day, so as notto binder the great work whieh God isevidently about to do in the Island ofCuba.Yours for the Kingdom of ChrishA. Waldo Stevenson.Guines, Cuba, Feb. 7, 1902.THB NEEDLE'S EYE."It is easier for a camel to go through aneedle's eye than for a ricb man to eiiterthe kingdom of God."This picture of the large, wide* gate in.

the wall tbat surrounds our ilissiongrounds in Suadia will be of interest tosorae in the "Horae Church," as it has init what the Arabs call a "needle's eye."Here, raanyof the heavy, wide wall gateshave a sraall "secret door" cut in one leafof tbe gate. Tbis little door is only largeenough lo adrait a raan the size of raostof the raen here, wbo are generally sbortin stature, but if your New York policemanhad occasion to enter, he raustneedsMonographs. 121possible would it be for a great clurasycarael lo get through, even though he were"raade" to kneel down lilce the ten caraelsof Abrahara's servant wben they arrivedat the well, where beautiful Eebekah, withother woraen, went to draw water in theevening, a custora we daily see in thisland. Gen. 24:11.It is a striking illustration of the impossibilityof one wbo trusts in riches,giving them bis raost constant thought.the needle s eye.doff his helraet and bow hira low to saveIlls head.'During the day all tbe schoolboys andother people who corae to and go froraour ilission preraises enter tbis "needle'seye." Should even a donkey, load of woodcome, the salesman must call for the gatekeeper to unlock .the great door before hecan bring in the loaded donkey. Thusthe sraallest beast of burden cannot enterthe "needle's eye"; how raucb raore iraenteringGod's Kingdora."I would ride the carael.Yes, leap hira flying,Ihrough the needle'seye.As easily as such a parapered soulCould pass the narrow gate."—Southey.The two young raen you see in the piclureare merabers of the Church.' Theone opening tbe door and saying, "Nabaric

122 Monographs.Sieed!" ("Good raorning!") in Arabicstyle, is one of our raost trusty employees.The one entering the door is one of ourteachers in Suadia. New Year's week hewas invited to call on one of the highestfarailies here. He carae and asked perraissionto go. After he had gone to hisroora, ilr. Dodds said: "Oh, I wish Iha'd spoken to him about the smokingand drinking he will see." Takingup his pen, the pastor wrote this hurriednote and sent it to the teacher:"My Dear Boy: Eemeraber you are goingwhere tobacco and whiskey will beoffered to you as refreshraents, but I hopethat you will reraain true as a witnessfor purity in social life and to the LordJesus Christ. ."Not feeling sure how our new teacberwould receive the warning, Mr. Dodds wassurprised, and 'rauch pleased, a few raomentslater, lo gel the following note,written in Bnglish:"Dear Sir: I was very glad to receivetbal very kind warning of you, and I hopeThose courts of the Church at homewhich maintain her testimony, eventhougb it call fortb such universal censure,as has been recently flashing fromthe press against her, strengthens everymissionary to train up a people to likefidelity in this land.Let us not widen the door, for"Straight is the Gate."(Mrs.) ilYRTA ilAY DODDS.WOMAN'S PLACE IN THE UP­BUILDING OF THB KINGDOM.*The key-verse is found in Proverbs14:1, "Every wise woman buildeth herhouse." She has wisdora and raanifestsitas a constructive force in society—she is aco-builder with God. On the other hand,the foolish woraan is a destructive forcein soeiety. "But the foolish _ plucketh itdown with her own hands." As a constructionistor a destructionist, she holdsin her hands the issue of life for raankind.The wise woraan is" a builder—^that.makes her the true daughter of the Father—God, "n-bo is the master-builder. "Ah,to build, to build; that is the noblest artI will stand as good a witness as mySaviour wants me, and as an obedient boyto your kind expectations.of all the arts," Angelo• "I reraain, father,"Your very most"Obedient boy, ."This is one of the raany quiet ways inwhich your missionaries do the Lord'swork.. While raultitudes do not pass in atthe narrow gate, the "needle's eye," andwalk in the "straight and narrow way,"we feel sure that sorae are Irying to leadlives of usefulness. In tables of statisticsand annual reports, as all raay readilysee, one raay not flndthis side of untiringChristian activity, nor can there be exhibitedin schedule forra the daily minislrationsand the constant watchfulness bywhich merabers are built up in the raostholy faith lo become loyal witnesses forChrist.sings IhroughLongfellow.What does the wise woraan build ? Firsther o-ivn self, then her horae, then society.Only as she, through divine grace, buildsherself, can she build ber home and society.In the language of Second Peler,she must to lier faith supply virtue, andto virtue knowledge, and to knowledgeself-control, and to self-control patience,and to patience godUness, and to godlinesskindness, and to kindness love (2Peler 1:5-7, American Revised Version).Such a woraan possesses wisdom, ratherpossessed by it. She is tbe only real "newwoman" of any century—her newness isthat constant freshness that comes only• This Bihle reading was given to the Y. W. C. A. of Newtwgh,N. Y.

Monographs. 123from tbe divine fellowship. So the firstlaw of womanhood is this: Woman, buildthyself.(1) Such godly women have been tbebuilders of strong, influential bomes. Readthe Hebrew classi-c. Proverbs 31:10-31.This is a charming literary poem for thestudent of Hebrew literature, but it ismore than that—il is a spiritual feederfor borae life in any day. Thewise man puts at the-center of home lifea "virtuous woman,""that is a woman offull development, force, bodily vigor,mental capacity, fineculture, all pervadedwith godly fear. What a masterpiece sheis! How' skillful, how energetic, bowkind (36), how charitable (20), what anhonor to her husband (23) !"Her children arise up and eall herblessed; ber husband also, and he praisethher" (28). Wbat is her secret? Is ither gracefulness or her beauty? "Graceis deceitful, and beauty is vain; but awoman that feareth Jehovah, she shall bepraised" (30). Tbe godly fear of a wifeand mother keeps the home atmospherepure and ririle.(2) Such women bave been the reliablechurch workers of all ages. They wereMoses' helpers in constructing the Tabernacle(Ex. 35:25), "And all tbe womenthat were wise-hearted did spin with theirhands, and brought tbat which tbey badspun, both of blue and of purple, of scarletand of finelinen." They were like tbeniothers of tbe American Revolution, whospun for their husbands and sons in tbeAmeriean army, Paul gives a churcb listin Eomans 16, largely composed ofwomen, Phebe and Priscilla heading thelist as helpers. Any congregation ofChristendom can furnish a similar list.You ean apply to any pastor for it.(3) Godly women have been the greatmissionary forces of the Messiah's kingdom.Read Psalm 68:11 in tbe Revised,"The Lord giveth the word. The womenthat publish the tidings are a great host."This refers to sorae signal victory inHebrew history. It is one of the greatsongs of Hebrew literature. Jehovah gavethe word of • advance, and hosts, not ofraen (perhaps they are in the fightinglines), but of woraen, publish the tidingsof rictory,crying, "Kings of arraies flee,they flee, and she that tarrieth at horaedivideth the spoil." A host of woraenwere then His raessengersof good tidings.And so it was in the garden of Joseph-^-Magdalene was sent to the discipleswith the glad tidings. And the womenmissionary boards of all churches, andthe host of women raissionaries in allfields, still show that "The Lord giveth theword. The woraen that publish the tidingsare a great host."(4) Such women bave ministered oftheir own substance to the living of KingJesus. Read Luke 8 :l-3, "And certainwomen * * * ministered unto Himbf their substance." Tbey bad receivedSpiritual benefit -from the Lord, andthought it only a little return to serveHira wilh their carnal goods. What giftsof the carnal can ever corapensate the onethat gives the spiritual? (1 Cor. 9:11.)But what a blessed thing that the Sonof Man allowed them to minister to Him!What joy and gro"wth it gave them!In our day nothing so raarks the wiseworaan or the foolish woman as this: Doessbe minister of her substance to self, orto others? Woman, where is your sub-"stance going? No covetous woman entereththe Kingdora of the Father.(5) Such woraen have been great prayingforces. Read Acts 16:13, "On tbeSabbath we went out of the city by ariver side, where prayer was wont to beraade, and we sa:t down and spake untothe women wbo resorted thither," Thinkof it, tbat through those" women's prayer

124 Monographs.raeetings at Philippi the gospel entered Legations gave their damask curtains andEurope. Lydia, the raerchant woinan of table cloths to be made into sand bags,Thyatira, was converted there.and how the Christian refugees worked,In tbe book of the Acts we read of the the woinen cutting the curtains and sewingprayer meeting at the home of Mark'smother. Acts 12:12. The prayer meetingslhem up, while the raen and boys filledthera with sand and built thera tier aboveof the Christian church are largely composedtier all round the' Legation walls. Theyof woraen. If they were dependentbn. raen, they would soon fall to pieces.And the prayers of a true, godly woraanhave great penetrating powers.Mark you, the w^oraan that builds haswisdora. Not all good woraen have wisdora.were ever ready and ever "willing, alwaysexcept once, and that was tbe opportunityfor an act of heroism on the part of aChinese Christian woraan which I nowwisb to-relate.The brave little Japanese contingentMany women in church life need under the comraand of Colonel Sheba, wasthe *advice of Timothy Standby, "I tellyou, Marthy, it's an awful thing to havein charge of the defenses at the palace ofPrince Su. Throughout the siege thesereligion wiihout common hoss-sence." defenses were the most difficult to holdWisdora in a woraan raakes her woraanly,and she is satisfied with the calling ofworaanhood, 'but she seeks to develop itin every way for her Lord.Two good quotations from eminent menand the mosl hotly contested. And therecarae a day when the attack was desper--ate, when it seeraed as if the brave fellowscould hold out no longer and the garrisonwould be overthrown. It was necessaryraay close our reading. Bisraarck: "Mythat a coraraunication should be con­trust in raan, raytrust in the future, rests veyed beyond the lines, and the conveyingin the altitude of Gerraan women. The of it involved the danger of the raessengerconviction of a woman is not so changeablefalling into the eneray's hands. Colonelas a raan's—it forras slowly and noteasily, but once formed it is less easy toSheba called for volunteers from amongthe men, but knowing the serious risks, noshake."one was forthcoraing. The • Colonel toldEuskin: • "Wherever a true woman thera that if no one was prepared to carrycoraes, home is always around her.''J. W. P. Carlisle.that message, he could not, guarantee tohold the palace. Then a woraan carae forwardand offered to go. Attiring herselfA HEEOINB OF THE SIEGE OFin a beggar's garb, she sallied forth, basketPEKIN.on her arra, bearing tbe message..She fulfiUed her mission, .the raessagereached its destination. Colonel Sheba wasable lo hold out to the last, and coveredSome may remeraber that during thesiege of Pekin the Chinese Christians, tothe nuraber of two thousand, found refugewithin the grounds of the palaee of PrinceSu, a large inclosure quite near the BritishLegation. Their conduct during thesiege was the praise of everybody. Evenministers plenipotentiary declared thatbut for their help the defense of the Legationwould have been irapossible.ilany have heard how the ladies of tbehiraself wilh glory. But that Christianheroine never reached the palace again.On the way back she raet a raan whorecognized her, and on the pretense ofguiding her to the hiding-place of her husband,led her to the headquarters of theBoxers, where sbe was beheaded. AU theworld has been told of Colonel Sheba's gal-

Moiiographs. 125lant defense of the raraparts in front ofthe British Legation, and of the heroicpart he played in "warding off a generalmassacre. But the noble act of this humbleChristian is known only to comparativelyfew.This is no carried story. The particularsI got from many "who heard her raake.the brave offer and who saw ber go forth,and what took place afterwards I heard inconfession, on the raorning of his execution,frora the raan wbo betrayed her tothe Boxers. So died the heroine of tbeSiege of Pekin. She "^vas a Christian,and, like Christ, in sorae sraall way, shegave ber life a ransom for raany.—TheWomen's Missionary Magazine.EAY-APPA—THB ROCK.This incident is contributed by L. B.Charaberlain to the Mission Field for September,1901:Sabbaih the people of three vUlage congregationswere gathering at a central villagechurcb where tbe sacraraents of baptisraand the Lord's Supper were to be administered.In a hollow, back of thechurch and out of sight of the largergroups, sat four men—three Christianworkers and a caste Hindu. Subbarayaduhad corae to me a year before for a Bible,saying he wished lo appear for the Bibleexamination annually conducted for missionagents. As he was a well-to-do landholder,and had no apparent false motive,he was encouraged. "The entrance of ThyWord giveth light," and light dawnedupon him as the Bible was read. Convictioncame. Confession was made secretly;but the all-powerful thongs of caste beldfirra. But the proraise is: "Tbe truthshall raake you free," and finally thatpromise was fulfilled. He bad come forbaptism; but tbe sigbt of these manyChristians, the knowledge that they wereof a different social and commercial rank.much below him in the eyes of the world,and that his lol would bave to be witbthera, if, by baptisra, be cut hiraself frorahis owm, frightened hira. Several casteraen have taken this step within the pastfew raonths in other parts of this field,but none in this region, though others aretalking of it. The three reasoned andencouraged. A recent letter frora the veteranraissionaryof Madanapalle, with anopportune verse frora Scripture, was readand seeraed used of the Spirit. In anhour Subbarayadu, the haughty casteraan,had taken the step that raight deprive himof wife, children, friends and property,and stood among the hurable followers ofthe raeek and lowly One—now as Rayappa—Peter—TheRock. May the wordsspoken to another be fulfilled here: "Uponthis rock I wUl build my Church."A WISB FRESCEIPTION.Sorae years ago a lady, who tells thestory herself, went to consult a famousphysician about her health. She was aworaan of nervous temperaraent, whosetroubles—and she had had raany—hadworried and excited her to such a pitchthat tbe strain threatened her physicalstrength, and even her reason. She gavethe doctor a list of her syraptoras, andanswered the questions, only to be astonishedat his brief prescription at the end:"Madara, what you need is lo read yourBible raore.""But, doctor," began the bewildered patient."Go horae and read your Bible an houra day," the great raan reiterated, with •kindly authority. "Then corae back tome a montb from to-day." And he bowedher out without a possibility of furtherprotest.At first his patient was inclined to beangry. Then she refiected that, at least,tbe prescription was not an expensive one.

126 Monographs.Besides, it certainly had been a long timesince she had read the Bible regulariy,sbe reflected, with a pang of conscience.Worldly cares had crowded out prayer andBibleStudy for years, and, though shewould have resented being caUed an irre-Ugious woman, she had undoubtedly becoraea most careless Cbristian. She wenthome and set herself conscientiously totry the physician's reraedy.In one raonth she went back to bis office."Well," he said, sraUing as he. looked atber face, "I see you are an obedient patient,and have taken ray prescriptionfaithfully. Do you feel as if you neededany other raedicine no-w?""No, doctor, I don't," she said honestly."I feel like a different person. But howdid you know that was just -what Ineeded ?"For answer the faraous physicianturned to his desk. There, worn andraarked, lay an open Bible."Madara,'' he said, with deep earnestness,"if I were to orait my daily readingof this Book, I should lo'se my greatestsource of strength and skill. I never goto an operation without reading ray Bible.I never attend a distressing case withoutflnding help in its pages. Your case callednot for raedicine, but for sources of peace'and strength outside your own raind, andI showed you my own prescription, and IImew it would cure.""Yet I confess, doctor," said bis patient,'that I ?ame very near not talcingit.""Very few are willing to try it, I flnd,"said the physician, srailing again. "Buttbere are raany, many cases in ray practicewhere il would work wonders if theyonly would take it."This is a true story. The doctor diedonly a little while ago, but bis prescriptionreraains. It will do no one any harm totry it.—Philadelphia Public Ledger.LOED'S PEAYEE IN THIETY-TWOLANGUAGES.The Eussians now have possession ofthe Mount of Olives,, the spot where theLord's Prayer was firstuttered.. The apexof the mount is nearly 200 feet abovethehill upon which Jerusalem is built, 2,700feet above the level of the Mediterranean,and 3,900 feet above tbe sluggish waters ofthe Dead Sea. On this elevation, uponthe exact spot wbich. tradition says theprayer was first spoken, the Carmelite sistershave, through the kindness of Mme. dela Tour d'Auvergne, who furnished thenecessary funds, built a large convent-The exact, or what is claimed to be theexact spot, pressed by our Saviour's feet onthat celebrated occasion, is raarked by apure white polished raarble cross, andthe walls of the convent have the prayerinscribed on tbem in thirty-two differentlanguages. In some instances the lettersforraing the prayer are engraved in marblepanels; in others they are letters of woodglued to backgrounds suitable to theircolors. The Eussian portion of this wonderfulcollection of inscriptions is said tobe in letters of pure gold, each capitalstera being six and one-fourth inches longand four-fifths of an inch in width.Among the languages which one wouldhardly expect to find represented are theHebrew, the Chinese, the Coptic, the Tartarian,and Japanese. The Arabian, as ifit had been a lask to relinquish Mohammedanisra,ends with "Great is Christ."—Missionary OutlooTc.The Welsh Presbyterian Church has 19,335 native communicants and 15,048adherents in its Foreign Mission Avork at Khassia, Jaintia and Sylhet (India). TheSabbath school members total 13,878.

Editorial Notes. 127EDITORIALNOTES.—The date on the wrapper of OliveTrees indicates the time lo which thesubscription is paid. Any one whose paperdoes not bear the legend "Dec, 1902,"should write at once, inclosing 50 centsfor the current year, and as rauch'more asmay be needed to cover all arrears.—-BiUs have been mailed within ainonth to all subscribers who have not yetfound it convenient to remit for the years1900 and 1901. Prorapt payraent of theamounts, wilh renewal for 1902, -will alonce serve the cause of raissions andstrengthen our confidence in Covenanterintegrity. In any instance where there isreal inability to discharge the obligation,a private letter of explanation will becounted a personal favor. Men andwomen who are in sucb destitute circumstancesthat tbey cannot afford to spenda cent a week for reliable news of what isgoing on in the missionary world of todayought not to be oppressed in their deeppoverty.—Special attention is called lo a veryinteresiing letter from Rev. R. J. Dodds,of. Tarsus Mission (see p. 103). It showsthat the missionaries are busy and are notspending their strength for nought. Everyone who reads its raodest stateraent of thecondition of the work should reraeraberthat a physician or another ordained missionaryougbt to be sent to that fieldwithoutdelay. It seems strange, in view ofthe pressing need, that the young raenof the Eeformed Presbyterian Cburcb areso reluctant to volunteer for this holiestof services, and that many congregaiionsare living so far beneath their faith andprivilege as to keep back the money neededto maintain and extend tbe work.—When on furlough, Eev. J. BoggsDodds was- often asked lo give some accountof the way in which the raissionariestravel in Northern Syria. His responseto this request will be found in thehuraorous monograph entitled, "SuadiaLiraited" (see p. 116). It will give ourreaders a very vivid idea of the difficultiesthe laborers in that distant field have toovercorae, even in going frora one stationto another.-—The friends of Eev. A. WaldoStevenson will read wilh peculiar interestthe slory of the raissionary operationswitb whicb he is now identified in Cuba(see p. 118). Many will recall the earnestnesswith which .be advocated the newwork in China, and urged an advanceraoveraent into "the regions beyond." Ina private coraraunication he says: "Thereis not a tirae when we kneel around thefaraily altar wben those in Cbina as wellas in other parts of the world are not reraemberedin prayer, and many whom weknow are frequently reraerabered tbus bynarae." It goes withoui saying that hehas a claira, in his new duties, on thehearty co-operation of our prayers.—Owing to the pressure of horae duties,the Corresponding Secretary of the ForeignBoard of the Eeforraed PresbyterianChurch, was unable to attend the quadrennialconvention of the Student VolunteerMovement at Toronto, Canada, Feb. 26-March 2, 1902,' and consequently he is unablelo report the proceedings frora hisview point as he did those of the ClevelandConvention four years ago. We areglad, however, to be in a posilion toproraise the readers of Olive Trees a fullaccount of tbe meeting in the May num-

128 Editorial Notes.ber, frora the pen of Eev. Louis Meyer,who was there as special representative ofevangelistic work araong the Jews. Hisnarae appears in the newspapers araongthose of the "picked men" "who were inviledlo discuss missionary topics on theafternoon set apart for that purpose."ilr. ileyer," writes a correspondent ofthe Presbyterian, "held that continuouspersecutions of the Jews for the last twpIhousand years was God's means of purificationto prepare the Jews to rule. Whenprepared, they would be the ones to proclaimJesus to the world, over which theywere -scattered, inured to all climates,farailiar with all languages, raanners andcustoms. They could live everywherp andpreach the gospel to all nations. Theywere noted as educationalists and financiers,and were peculiarly suited to evangelizethe world. Never were they asready to receive'the gospel as now."—Last raonth -'Olive Trees reeeivedand handed to the Treasurer of ForeignMissions $20 frora Mrs. M. B. Wrighti ofWaukesha, Wis., "in raeraoryof a belovedchild," and $8 frora " A Friend of ilissions,"Belle Center, 0., to be appropriatedto any departraent of the worlc.—In ilarch we received $3.65 frora ayoung woraan in New Concord, 0., _whodoes not wish her narae published, an annualeontribution tow^ard the edueation ofa boy in the school at Mersina, AsiaMinor. The raoney is given "with greatjoy," and wilh the .earnest prayer that"this offering, though sraall, raay be theraeans in God's hand of doing good acrossthe sea."—About a month ago we received $6from "A Friend of Missions" in Mansfield,0., and $50'from Dr. H. H. George,to be di-pided equally between the* Syrian"and the Chinese Missions. We thank ourbrother for tbe four words in which hedescribes Olive Trees, and especially for.the closing sentence of his letter: "Myheart and prayers a're with you in all youreamest work for our glorious Eedeemerwho went down to death to save, and jsnow exalted to reign, and will ere longbring all things inlo subjection to HisDivine will."—The Fleming H. EeveU Co., NewYork, Chicago and Toronto, has sent usThe High Caste Hindu Woman. 'ByPandita Ramabai. Price, 75 cents.This is a reprint of a volume whichiliss Frances E. .WiUard, when it waspublished fourteen years, ago, describedas "A heartbreak and a joy.." It is avivid portraiture of the "infelicities ofchildraarriages and enforced widowhood"in India, drawn by a Hindu w-onian, whoseone aim in life is the eraancipation of herunhappy sisters from their mental andraoral servitude. The way in which PanditaEaraabai would aeeoraplish this resultis lold in a brief raessagethat she preparedby special request for the readers of thefirst edition of her book: "Eeraind themit was out of Nazareth that the blessedEedeeraer of mankind came; that greatreforms have again and again beenwrought by instrumentalities that theworld despised. Ask lhem lo help meeducate the high-caste child-widow; for Isoleranly believe that this hated and despisedclass of woraen, educated and enlightened,are by God's grace to redeemIndia." Every one should know theslory of this woman and the noble objectto which she bas consecrated her hfeenergies.Olive Trees, 50 cents a year.Address 327 West 56th Street New York.

O L I V E T R K E SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary 'Work in the Reformed PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. MAY, 1902. 5.QUESTIONS OF THE HOUR.CHEISTIAN'S USE OP ilONEY.Rev. J. M. Foster, Boston.There is no raore iraportant question tothe believer than tbe proper, wise andhelpful use of this "^vorld's goods. He ishere in the flesh and must deal witbearthly good every day. He is living tbeheavenly life and preparing for God'sglory, and the use he makes of earthlythings raust rainister to tbis end. Thewords of the ilaster have therefore a deepand searching significance. "He that isfaithful in that which is least is faithfulalso in much, and be that is unjust in theleast is unjust also in rauch. If, tberefore,ye have not been faitbful in the unrighteousraararaon, who will comrait toyour trust the true riches? And if yehave not been faitbful in that which isanother raan's, who shall give you thatwhich is your own?" Our Lord puts" mammon," or this world's outward good,in contrast witb the inward riches of theheart devoted lo Christ and filled witbHis SpirU. The first "is that which isleast," "unrighteous," "another's." Thesecond is "that wbich is raucb," "the trueriches," "your own." Our Lord alsoleaches that our use of the raaterialthings of earth deterraines, or at least isan eleraent in deterraining, our possessionof the heavenly riches.I. Our Lord sets up a new and strangestandard of value. In tbe Meldive Islands,in Bengal and elsewhere, cowryshells are used as raoney. The gold andsilver are not regarded bj^ thera as valuable.The standard of civilization, whenintroduced in these places, is not raorerevolutionary than this new standard thatChrist sets up araong His professed followers.He places all the gold and silverand precious stones and lands and housesof this world in one glittering heap. Overagainst this He places the true and unseenriches of pure thoughts and high purposesof a true heart and a life hiddenwith Christ in God. He asks us to lookat these two and corapare thera.1. Compare their intrinsic magnitude.He says: "The good of this world isnothing; at its greatest it is small," but"tbe heavenly riches are great at theirsmaUest." Of course "great' and "small"are relative terms. They imply a comparisonwilh each other, and also a referenceof both to a comraon standard. Thisworld's good is sraall in coraparison loheavenly riches, but wben botb are referredto a coraraon standard, the contrastis even greater. And -what is the coraraonstandard ? If the supply of water issufficient to keep tbe reservoir full, yousay il is sufficient, it is great. But if itfails to do tbis, you say it is deficient, il isloo sraall. In the case our Lord bas inmind what is needed is that wbich willflll tbe beart. Earthly good cannot supplythe beart of raan, and is tberefore sraall

130 Questions of the Hour.at its greatest. The heavenly riches canfill the huraan heart, and are Ihereforegreat at their smallest. All Dives' wealthcould not satisfy tbe soul of Lazarus. Allthe raillionsof Eockefeller and Carnegieeould not fillthe soul of tbe poorest trampin the land. The least degree of trutb andlove and goodness bas more power in fillingthe huraan heart than all tbe wealthof the 4,000 raiUionairesof tbis land.Tbis truth needs to be branded on thehearts of professing Christians to-day.There is a tendency to look at earthlyriches through a microscope wbich magnifiesthings out of their true proportion,while heavenly riches and "tbe land thatlieth very far off" are viewed through areversed telescope. You stand in the valleyand look upon the marble palace andwell-kept estate of tbe man who bas hisflsherraan wbo steals huraan souls, "a jugglingfiend" that "keeps the word ofproraise to our ear and breaks it to ourhope." It is tbe ignis-faluus that decoystbe traveler into tbe bog and quicksands.It is a delusion and a snare. It leadsdown to death, the second death, eternaldeath.On the other hand, the riches of faithand love and hope, of holiness and Christlikenessare true and faithful. They neverdisappoint. They always do more thanthey proraise. The man who gives himselfto the accumulation of earthly riches isalways disappointed. But the raan whoseeks firstthe Kingdom of God and Hisrighteousness is never disappointed. Theone lets down bis bucket into an emptywell. The other draws water from theriver of life and never thirsts. The "unrighteousmararaon" does not keep its,proraise or deal fairly. The trae richesdeal fairly and always keep their proraises.3. Compare them as to our ownership."Another's," He says of the first "yourpart and portion in this present life. Andthen you look up and see a black line alongthe raountain top. But when you ascendthe mountain, you find that what seemeda black line is a lowering cliff. And theraarble palace below is only a speck, and own" of the second. "Anolher's" maytbe landed estate is a little patch of soil. mean that God owns everything and we areWe need to ascend the raount of God and only His stewards. But our Lord seems- see God's kingdora from that point of lo have in view chiefly the limitations andview. Frora thence we see the relative insignificancedefects of all outward possessions of out­of earthly things.ward good. Tbere is no real bond of2. Compare them as to their quality. union, no real contact between the outwardThe one He calls '' the unrighteous mammon,"the other "the true riches." Theword "unrighteous" may refer to weallhthings a man possesses and himself.You possess nothing except what you are.You get nothing out of life but character.gotten by wrong raeans, as by stock garabling.Your possession of earthly things isBut that would only describe a transient and incomplete, because they arepart of earihly wealth, while our Lord appliesnot a part of yourself. Y''ou say, "This isit here lo all earthly goods. The raine!" That only raeans "It is notword raeans deceitful, that which betrays.All riches are "deceptive," and in thatyours.'' Your possession is only apparentand not reah because there is no real contactsense "unrighteous." And they standbetween you and the raaterial. Wethus in opposition to the true riches.Earthly riches loolc much better than lheysay, "There is no present, bul everythingis past or future, and what we call theare. They proraise raucb and fulfill present is only the raeeting point of thesenothing. They are tbe bailed hook of the two lines." We may also saj'. There is

no real possession of earthly things, becausethey are continually coraing into ourhand or else going out, and our apparentownership is only for a moraent. In tbestreel car the raan silting beside you bandsthe conductor a dime, you hand bim aQuestions of the Hour. 131goods proraotes or hinders their possessionof the durable riches in Christ.There are many who are kept from beingChristians because they love the worldso much. They are so engrossed wilb theseen and visible that they have no time orflve-cent piece, and be gives your five-cent energy for the unseen and eternal. Thepiece to your neighbor as his change. man with the muck-rake was so occupied" 'Twas mine, 'tis his, and has been slaveto thousands."wilh heaping up gold that he did not observethe golden crown suspended aboveA paslor speaks of bis pulpit and the his bead and within his reach. They arepeople of their pews. But another pastor so filled with tbat which is least tbat theyoccupied that pulpit before him, and still have no inclination for the grealest. Theanother will succeed hira. Others occupiedsea anemone gathers in ils tentacles andthe pews before their present occu­pants, and slill olhers -will succeed thera.A book on your shelf bears the autographshuts itself up over its prey so tightlythatyou cannot release it. Tbese worldlingstake hold of the world's goods with a graspof another. II was laken frora bis shelf so tight and desperate and obstinate thatto the auction roora, and you secured it. the word of life cannot enter. There areIt was bis. It is yours. It will soon be professing Christians who have too highanother's. Tbis is true of all earthly an estimate of, and too great carefulness.things. That only is raine which is a part about, and too niggardly disposal of theof rayself. "For I am. persuaded that things that perish. They are hinderedneither death, nor life, nor angels, nor in their Cbristian course. "Lay asideprincipalities, nor powers, nor things present,every w^eight and the sin that doth so easilynor things lo corae, nor height, nor beset us." The loose outer garments raustdepth, nor any otber creature, shall be able be laid aside before running tbe race. Allto separate us from the love of God whicb sin raust be put away. The least sin is a-is in Chrisi Jesus our Lord."dead weight that proves deadly. "The sinII. The highest use of the lower good that so easily besets us" raay be the tightfittingis in promoting thereby our highest good.That is, our raanner of eraploying thelesser goods of outward possession is afactor in deterraining the araount of ourunder garraent that would seera tobe no hindrance. But even this must be laidoff. The sin into which we easily and naturallyfall must be put away. That may bepossession of the highest blessing. Of read: "The sin rauch stood about," the sincourse we would not say to a conipany of thathas many advocates, popular sins. Andunbelievers: "Use your outward goods the love of money is the root of them all.faithfuUy and well, and then you -ndll get In the Grecian fable, the young woraanthe highest good." The fact is, they could s-ivift of foot had many suitors. She challengednot use the lower to promote the higherthera to a race for her hand. Sheuntil they have firstreceived Jesus Christinto their hearts and laid hold on eternalcarried golden apples in her hand, andwhen her- suitors were hard after her, shelife. But having surrendered their souls dropped thera. Those who thought raoreto Jesus Christ cheerfully, wholly and irreversiblyof the gold than her love stopped to pickas Saviour and Lord, then it is them up. But the raan who loved hertime that the use they raake of earthly continued his course and gained her hand.

132 Questions of the Hour."It a man gain the whole -svorld and losehis own soul, what doth it proflt ?" Turlceybuzzards gorge theraselves on carrionuntil lhey cannot fly. They can only spreadtheir wings and run along the ground.How raany gorge their souls with earthlythings until they cannot mount up onwings of faith toward God! You mayhold a silver dollar so close to your eye aslo shut out the light of the sun. Howraany blind theraselves to the sun ofrighteousness by keeping the earthly goodsbefore their vision continually! The worldregards present goods as the chief thing tobe possessed. The higher raust rainisterlo getting the lower. Even the geniusof the poet, the orator, the philosopher,raust minister to money-getting. They areof value only as they have purchasingvalue. Coramercialisra is the god of ourday. The golden calf is still in evidence.The raakers are like it. But our Lordreverses the world's standard. Theheavenly good is chief. All raust rainisterto that. God's design in this world andall its stores was to grow good raen andworaen. Only as earthly wealth rainistersto that is it of value.III. Faithfulness consists in using thelowest as a means of possessing more fullythe highest good. We are to reraeraberthat our Lord was pointing the lesson ofthe unjust steward. Frora this we gather:1. That they are "faithful" who conducttheir administration of earthly possessionson the principle of steiuardship.In the parable of the unjust steward ourLord flnds soraething worthy of iraitationinterlaced with the wrongdoing of this unfaithfulraan. He had spent the moneyliberally upon others which he had wrongfullytaken from his raaster, and hadthereby raade hiraself an host of friends.And when he found that his wronsrdoin?had been discovered and reported to hismaster, he called his raaster'sdebtors together.They evidently all arrived at theoffice at the sarae tirae. He took thera oneby one, all witnessing the conduet of each.The raan who owed 100 measures of oil-was bidden to sit down quickly and write60. The change was made by the debtorin his own handwriting, so lhal the billwould be a witness against the debtor andnot against the steward. So the secondchanged his own bill from 100 measures ofwdieat to 80. The others changed theirbills after the sarae fashion. There wasnothing in this to iraplicate the unjuststeward. The evidence on the face of itwas all against the debtors, and they wereall put on their own defense and bound tounite in protecting the steward. Andwhen the exposure carae, the public thathad enjoyed the liberality of the stewardwas charitable. Sorae did not believe thereport. Others thought the report exaggerated.Others withheld judgraent unlilthey should hear both sides. And othersstill thought it "was raore than likely thefault of the raaster. Public opinion favoredthe steward, and the debtors wereunited in defending the steward. Whenthe master saw^ the situation, he said:"Well, this is a little more than I couldbave drearaed of. This steward has beenrobbing me and using ray raoney to raakefriends of the public for hiraself. He hasfavored ray debtors at ray expense, and socovered up his tracks that I cannot prosecutehira. His sagacity and energy andforethought are araazing." This leads theilaster lo coraraent: "The chUdren ofthis world are in their generation wiserthan the ehildren of light." The worldlypeople will expend raore energy andthought, will be less easily discouraged,and raore deterrainedly overcorae obstacles,and will be raore persevering in the faceof opposition, in the accorapUsliraent_ oftheir worldly ends, than God's people inthe working out of their spiritual ends.

Questions of the Hour. 138From this He draws the very practical inference:says : "Pure religion and undeflled before"ilake to yourselves friends of God and the Father is this, to visit thethe mammon of unrighteousness, that falheriess and widows in their affliction."wdien ye fail they may receive you intoeverlasting habitations.""If thou seest a brother or sister nakedand destitute of daily food, and sayest, BeBe generous givers, iloney is of no ye warmed and fllled, nevertheless thouvalue in itself. lis use is its value. To givest thera not those things that are needful,get and keep raoney is of no beneflt to thehow^ dwelleth the love of God in yourowner. It may not stay long wath him. heart?" There is a reward for liberalityHow^ often il takes wdngs and flies away!At all events he cannot s'"ay long with it.here. "He that pitieth the poor lendethto the Lord, and tbat which he bath givenTo get and keep raoney injures ils possessor.will He give hira again." "Give and itIt cultivates the worst dispositions shall be given you; good raeasure,pressedof the soul. But to get and give away down, shaken together and running overraoney benefits others and blesses the shall God press into your bosora." Butgiver. It is l-wiee blessed: it blesses hirathat gives and hira that takes. To give isthe future reward is the best. "That whenye fail lhey raay receive you into everlastingGodlike. He is the Giver of all good. Ithabitation." The believer gives tois a nieans of grace. Giving raoney wisely,horae and foreign niissions. Souls arefreely, systeraatically, raakes us con­converted by his raeans. They go toformable to the image of Christ.heaven. And when the believer dies theGiving is a tesl of character. The miseris like the Dead Sea. All strearas flow in,none flow out. The giver is a living fountainMaster receives hira into Heaven for thera,and they welcorae hira, because he wasthe raeans of their being there. We oughtpouring forth blessings to others. never to lose sight of the fact that we are"Lord, we can't bold much, but we canoverflow lots for others," was the hodcarrier'sGod's stewards. The question is not: Howrauch can we spare for God? but. Howprayer. The giver is like Jesus rauch can God spare for us ? We are sira­going about continually doing good. He ply God's distributing agents. We are tolives to make others happy, and ahvays use wisely what He places at our disposalrelieves the distressed. He gives portions in rainisteringto our personal needs, theto seven and also to eight. He sows besidesneeds of our farailies, the needs of ourall waters.pastor, tbe needs of our raissionaries,tbeWe search for spiritual evidence of our needs of Christ's wdtnessing Church. Tbisspiritual state. But God gives us commonplace,puts us in a new attitude tow^ard worldlyever}'-day evidence. We look possessions.into our frames and experiences for evidence2. That they are "faithful" who con­that we love God. But He says: duct thcir administration of earthly pos­"If a man say, I love God, and hate his sessions on the principle of sacrifi.ce. Thebrother, he is a liar; for he that lovethnol his brother wdiom he hath seen, howcan he love God whom he hatb not seen ?young man who asked what good thinghe might do to inherit eternal life, wasdirected to go and sell all that he had andAnd tbis coraraandraent we have frora distribute to the poor, and come, followHim, that he that loveth God love his Christ, and he would have treasures inbrother also." So we question our hearts heaven. But he went away sorrowful, foras to our love for the brethren. And God he had great possessions. How hardly

134 Questions of the Hour.shall they tbat have riches enter into the duct their administration of earthly pos-Kingdom of Heaven. Eiches are not evil, sessions on the principle of brotherhood.But to trust in thera is destractive. This Christianity is nol coraraunism, but itroot of all evil must be cut up. The does all that the coramune proposes to do.Masler called attention to the poor widow Property is not theft but property selflshwhocasl inlo the treasury two mites, all ly adrainistered is theft. Christ is theher living. She cast in raore than they Joseph who rules the Egypt of this world.all. It was sacrifice. Faul accentuates He holds the keys to all tbe storehouses.the liberality of tbe Macedonian Chris- He directs His people in giving out to aU,tians. They were liberal beyond their as every raan bas need. If we withholdpower. They gave out of their deep pov- raore than is raeet it tendeth to poverty.erty. The cause was their gladness of If we use on ourselves what He intendedheart that salvation bad corae to thera. for others, we rob God, and He will re-"They gave theraselves first unto the Lord quire it. Every raan is our brother, andand unto us by the will of God." And the Christ is our elder brother. We can't shutgrace of liberal giving abounded. We our eyes upon any raan's need or stop ourmust deny ourselves, take up the cross and ears against any raan's call" for belp withfoUowChrist.out incurring the Redeeraer's displeasure.3. That they are "faithful" ivho con- His wUl determines the use ofmoney.The earth's populalion is 1,500,000,000, of which more than one billion are yetnon-Christian—say, eight hundred miUion are heathen, two hundred raiUion areMohamraedan, two hundred million are Roman Catholic, and one hundred and fiflymiUion are Protestant. Por the world's redemption Protestants are giving annuallyabout $15,000,000 ; sustain a raissionaryforce of 14,200, of which 3,380 are unmarriedwoinen ; associated wilh lhem are 4,200 ordained natives, and a total of over64,000 natives—about 80,000 toilers in all. The stations and out-slations occupiedare 25,000, the communicants are upwards of 1,300,000, whUe almost 1,000,000children and youth are being educated in raere than 20,000 schools. It appearsplainly, then, that the redemption of the race is yet far from coraplete, has scarcelypassed beyond the initiatory stage ; that while an excellent beginning has been made," there remaineth yet very much land to be possessed," and that whUe the saints oftbe twentieth century have every reason to be full of courage and hope, and sure expectationof flnalsuccess, a limitless demand is to be raade upon thera for the utmostof devotion, of consecrated beneflcence, and lavish contributions of choicest youngmen and women.—Dr. D. L. Leonard in World-Wide Missions.The spectre that I am most afraid of at the last is the spectre of lost opportunities.The keenest regrets that I feel to-day are born of neglected duiies—of neglect to doall that I might have done for the sick, the sad, the suffering and the sinning ; aboveall, for the immortal souls that are now beyond my reach.—Theodore L. Cuyler, D.D.A Utile fellow who had his wits about hira when the collection was passed aroundadministered a rebuke to his mother, who on the way horae was flnding fault withthe sermon. "Well, mother," he said innocently, "what could you expect for apenny ? "—Selected.

News of the Churches. 135N E W S OF THE CHURCHES.ABROAD.ilERSiNA, Asia iliNOE.—In a letter accorapanyingthe Statislics of Tarsus Mission,dated ilarch 6, 1902, Rev. R. J.Dodds gives some interesting items:I ara just borae frora a tour over thewestern part of our fleld. I raet a verykind reception araong the Nusairia. InAdana I held a number of meetings amongthe Kurds, at wbicb tbree Fellaheen and aFellaha were present. The three men attendednearly all tbe meelings, and twoof thera were evidently rauch inlerested.One, an old soldier, age fifty-flveor sixty,manifested such an interest as I think Ihave never seen manifesled by any onebefore. The last evening be was witb ushe referred to his having been with usthroughout the whole of our raeetings, andhaving gone wilh me lo several villages,where he had bad special opportunities ofhearing the gospel. He said, "You maythink I should iraraediately receive yourdoctrine and be baptized, and because Ihave not asked to be adraitted to yournuraber you raay tbink I ara so hardheartedthat tbere is no bope for rae. Iwant you to be palient wilh me. I do notwish to act hastily. I want to examinecarefully. I want to see if your foundationis a safe one" (by the way, he is abricklayer). "I want to ask you all topray for me."I think bis attitude is hopeful.A letter from Miss Sterrett, writtenMarch 15, also reports encourageraent inthe work. "I feel thankful," she writes,"for the very pleasant set of girls now inschool and of the efforts on the part ofsome of them to do what is right or whatthey think to be right." Six of these girlswere received into the merabership of tbeChurch at the last coraraunion. The storyof the courage that one of thera displayedin raaking her confession of Christ undertesting circurastances cannot be toldin these colurans at present, as it mightsubject her unnecessarily to persecution.But it will yel be Icnown.The names of Zahra and Sophia havenot recently appeared in Olive Teees,though very farailiar to the churches soraeyears ago because of the protracted trialsto which they were subjecied in conneclionwitb tbeir conversion to FrotestantChristianiiy. Miss Sterrett writes of thera:"Last week Zahra's husband was sent tothe array for six years. She is left in arather helpless condition with two littlechildren. Her raother-in-law is kind loher usually, but she cannot give her raucbhelp, as she, too, is poor. * * * I believeshe is trying to let ber light shine,although feebly, in the raidst of rauchdarkness. She at least tries to keep theSabbath and attends prayers in Tarsuswhen she can get a chance. I rayselftbinkshe could raake raore chances, but weeannot always judge these poor people, notkno-wing every horae circurastance."Sophia is raarried lo a iloslera wbolives here in Mersina, and he is exceedinglykind to her. * * * jjg ig alwayspleased to bave us visit ber, and it is underFrotestant care he places ber when beis away from home. She bas no associationwilh Moslera woraen at all, and hedoes not wanl ber lo associate witb them."Cyprus.—Wriling Feb. 27, 1902, Dr.Moore says:I send you the translation of a letierfrora our colporteur, Mr. Varavois."Kyrenia, Feb. 25, '02.

136 News of the Churches."Dr. Moore—Dear Brother in Christ:"Yesterday I received your letter, butbefore reeeiving it I had sent you rayreport.I did not give you any incidents,as we were in the habit of sending sucbto Mr. Easson only every six months. Theonly thing I have to -n^rite to you now isthat the brethren are advancing in sanctiflcation."Our brother Leptos (not yet a meraber),because he has a fixed price in hisshop, has gained very rauch. His shop isdoing far better than any of the others.Most of the people say: 'The Protestantsdo not deceive the people.' This hasdirected very rauch raalice and hatred tous, and especially one raerchant in thestreet, because his shop does not work well,says, Antonia (Varavois) has done allthis.' And he began to curse me as oftenas he saw rae, and tried in every way tobring persecution on rae. At last one dayhe tore one of rayBibles and a New Testaraentinto bits wdiere we were in the slreet,with much cursing, in order to excite thepeople. But I was the only one that hecursed for a long tirae. Bul when I hadendured very rauch, at last I was corapelledto report hira to the Government.And then at once he left off cursing andbegged my foregiveness, and begged raenot to prosecute hira in the court."I send you a letter from hira."I remain as ever,"Antonia Vamvois."This is a translation of the letter sentby the man who had been cursing ilr.Varavois:"Kyrenia, Feb. 13, '0,2."Mr. Antonia Varavois:"If frora religious zeal I bave utterediraproper words against you, I hope youwiU forgive rae. I send you twelve shil-Ungs (about $3) which you have spent inopening a case against me."Very respectfuUy, D. Haralamvos.""Written and signed in my presence,"G. Stavrides."I ara very glad that Mr. Varavois hasgiven this raan a lesson. It will possiblyput an end to the perseculion that thebrethren in Kyrenia have endured.Eev. Aegyptiades is in Nicosia. Hewent up on last Friday and will come backnext Monday, baving spent two Sabbathsthere.All are well and busy, and we trust Godwill direct His own work.China.—Eev. A. I. Eobb -writes fromTak Hing Chau, Feb. 20, 1902, that Dr.George and Miss Torrence are both doinggood work on tbe language. "The doctor,"he says, "has about fiftyor seventypatients every Saturday. We have fixeda sraall charge of five cents for entrancefee, and then the medicines are free. Weput a price of a dollar on olher days, butstill a tew corae and pay it. If too manyeorae, we wdll have to raise the price, asit is raostiraportant now that she acquirethe language."Last Sabbath we had the largest audiencewe ever had, and I had two hundredcallers on the third day of the ChineseNew Year, and about sixty each day forsorae time afterward. It is true nearly aflof them carae frora curiosity, and somewere rude and unraannerly, but a goodraany were not, and raany are taking moreor less interest in the gospel. The oldgrandraother, of whora I have spoken sooften, came this niorning and told ilrs.Eobb thnt she would Uke to be baptized.She is old and fraih and has cataract oneach C3e, and is consequently going blind,but she has a quite correct and extensiveknowledge of divine things for her opportunity,and her faith in prayer is beailtiful.And she gets ansvrers, too. * * "^"This raorning a group of lepers camebegging, and I photographed them. I

News of the Churches. 137gave them a couple of Christian books andsome cash. Poor fellows, it was bard totell thera tbat they could not be cured, butI told thera a little of Jesus and urgedthem to read, wbich tbey are able to do."At the close of anoiher letter frora Eev.A. I. Eobb, dated March 5, be says:We are all well except for a slight illnesson tbe part of Mrs. Eobb, frora whichshe is recovering under Dr. George's raanageraent.The weather has been exceedinglydry, and people could not plant theircrops for lack of rain. Last Sabbath nighlat worship wilh the Chinese, I prayed forrain, and they mentioned it tbe next day.Monday night the petition was renewed,and Tuesday the rain came. Conversationtogether last nighl revealed the factthat at least three of us bad been impressedon Sabb'ath that we should prayfor rain, and each one had done so withoutany knowledge of what tbe olhers weredoing. We do not believe tbese things arewithout a purpose, and we are expectingfruits in men who will worship the Godwho answers prayer. Our Sabbath servicesare attended by over twenty, most of whomare regular attendants.The following items are culled frora aletter written by Miss Jennie B. TorrenceMarch 10:We need the constant prayers of theCburch in behalf of the ilaster's workhere. It is already pressing in many ways.We realize the need of many raore laborerson the field. When you consider the tiraethat is required to master the language oreven talk intelligently, it seeras that raoreshould be raaking preparation in this line.We are thankful Eev. J. K. Eobb has beenappointed, and trust our next raail willbring news that Dr. Wright has also beenappointed. According to the custoras ofthe country that tbe work raay be carriedon properly, every raission station needsboth a raale and feraale physician.Mr. Eobb preached a very irapressiveserraon yesterday frora Luke 19:11, aboutthe "nobleraan." Forty Chinese werepresent, araong thera six or eight of the"Sin Shangs," educated raen. Sorae ofthe parents are bringing their children,whicb delights us very rauch. The attendanceis gradually increasing.Great crowds gather bere on Saturdaysfor medicine. Dr. George and Mr. Eobbare kept busy from early morning untilevening. The Bible woman talks theScripture to thera and sells books.The opportunities certainly are great,and the Church has a rigbt to expect largeresults, which only the blessing of God cansecure. Let us then lay hold of the Covenantpromises to His children and pray infaith.The Chronicle of the London MissionarySociety describes tbe year 1901 as theannus mirabilis ot Christian raissionsinChina. "Now," it says, "that tbe recordof the year's work is being sel forth, it isseen to unfold a story not of hopefulnessonly—Ihough that would have been causeenougb for satisfaclion—but of actual accoraplishraentof a very remarkable kind.In a single district of our Central CbinaMission, the accessions to tbe Churehnurabered over four hundred during the

138 News of the Churches.year. Furiher west the raissionariesspeakof theraselves as 'face to face with a raovementthe like of whicb bas never been seenbefore in the province.' In a districtin the south, where a dozen of our chapelswere destroyed eighteen montbs ago, tbemissionary had the joy of baptizing overfifty converts during a recent short tour."In a leiter to the London MissionarySociety, Dr. Griffith John writes: "Intbe Hengchow district we have at leastfive thousand candidates for baptism. Intbe cily itself we have a beauliful congregationof Christians, and in tbe wbolePrefecture we bave between twenty andIhirty congregations. It is a raarvellouswork, extending lo the Canton provincein the south and to Kwangsi in tbe west.I ara thankful lo say that at Changsha(the capital of Hunan) we now have alittle church.' A congregation of betweentwenty and thirty believers raeets regularlyfor worship, and during this visit Ibaptized six raost proraising young raen."Mr. Grieg, too, thus describes tbe presentoutlook: "The present danger toour work lies in its very success. Thereis sucb a deraand for Cbristian books tbatthe Hengchow Christians, findingthe suppliesfrora Hankow lardy and insufficient,bave had blocks of the Catechism andHymn book made in Hengchow, and haveproduced very presentable copies to meelthe local deraand. * * * It is difficultto write of our present opportunity inmeasured terms. As I stood in the corapoundat Hengchow and looked on whathad been done; as I saw the fine band ofChristians already gathered, and heard ofthe openings on every hand; as I thoughtof the sufferings endured for the naraeof Christ in that region, and the shiningof the Light of Life into raultitudes ofdarkened hearls, I said: 'It would besinful not to corae.'"Aintab, Asia Minor.—The followingitem, dated Jan. 15, 1903, came to usthrough Eev. E. J. Dodds:For several months we have bad greatjoy and bope in noting a steadily growingreligious interest in the Protestantcommunity in Aintab; at tbe sarae timetbe reraarkable interest araong the youngpeople of tbe Gregorian comraunity, lowhich reference was made in our last"Notes," has gone steadily forward, till,during tbe week of prayer just closed,these distinct, but mutually sympatheticmovements have together attained an extentand power tbat fairly puts the wholework araong the raost raarked, widespreadand fruitful revivals lhal Ainiab bas everenjoyed.So far as the Proiestani community isconcerned, no unusual methods have beenused to awaken and develop this interest—the usual preaching services graduallygrowing in attendance and tbe earnest insistenceon vital gospel truths by thepreachers, prayer raeetings increased infrequency as is usual during the week ofprayer and individual Christians quickenedand raade glad in personal work andprayer for and witb the impenitent—thesehave been the means; the fruits have appearedin troubled inquirers, in brokenbearts, penitent confessions and the beamingfaces, songs of praise and altered livesof converted men and women.In the First church the nuraber of conversionshas not yet been large, but a goodworlc bas been done araong the churchmembers in healing personal and partydifferences, in the- increase of harmonyand zeal in Christian effort to an extentthat gives rauch hope for the future, andthat cannot fail greatly to encourage thepastor, Eev. H. H. Ashjian, at these tokensof favor upon tbis first year of hiswork in this church.In the Second cburch, under tbe care

News of the Churches. 139of Eev. il. G. Papazian, a well-instructedand thoroughly organized band of workersproraptly responded to the call of theirpastor, and the interest was quiclcly andnaturally kindled, and early reached tbestage of open and powerful revival, andbolh in regard to the number of inquirersand tbe striking and clear character ofindividual conversions, the very best resultsbave been reached.In the Third cburch, wbere Prof. Merrillis preaching, although there were seriousobstacles lo overcome, earnest, persistentand faitbful work bas been followedby rich blessing, so that not only isthe churcb thoroughly quickened andbrought inlo barmonious working condition,but raany marked cases of conversionhave occurred.The students and leachers in the College,Girls' Seminary and Orphanage, inaddilion to sharing and aiding in thework in the cily, bave bad their own specialmeetings attended witb deep interestand ricb blessing, and many of the studentshave given good evidence of conversionand many more have clearly receivednew ideas of Christian life andservice. Tbe movement is still progressingalong the whole line, and there is greatjoy in the bearts of believers al this mostgracious and signal raanifestation of theenlightening and quickening power of tbeHoly Spirit.As to the raovement in tbe Gregorianeommunity, it is a very remarkable, and,so far as we are aware, a wholly uniqueand powerful one. It seeras to be'the resuUof seed truths scattered by variousagencies, wbich have taken root quite independentlyin many different centersamong the young men and women of tbeold chureh; bearts in whicb tbis seedhave taken root have been naturally drawntogether for Bible study and prayer, andso the old story of tbe "Leaven" has beenlived over again. There are now probablymore than twenty groups that are holdingfrequent raeetings, always largely attended,and in which there are abundantsigns of a genuine spiritual life andgrowth. There can be no doubt that manyof these young raen and woraen bave received-and acquired an understanding ofthe truth lo an extenl that will make itquite impossible for thera here'after to besatisfied wilb raere ritual forras. Thismoveraent, although deriving rauch of itsinspiration frora, and having the heartiestsyrapathy of, Protestants, is, and fromthe first has been, distinctively Gregorianin ils character, and Proleslants wbo attendthese meetings continue to lake merelythe place of friendly visitors and helpers.This now seems to be a moveraentfull of the largest hope for the future, andall lovers of raissionsare asked to help bytheir prayers in the perfect ripening ofthese whitening ears. F.Africa.—Toro especially has becoraethe center of widespread evangelistic andmissionary effort. Only fiveyears ago tbefirst converts there were baptized; andyet, last Christmas day, sorae four bundredand twenty-eight coraraunicantsgathered round the lable of the Lord atour central station there; and in tbe sameplace I suppose that something like onetbousand men, women and children come.togetber every moming in the week forinstruction in tbe fundaraentals of Christianity.Tbe king of the country is anearnest Chrislian raan, a irian who haslearned a lesson wbich, I cannot helpthinking, raany a European ruler and administratorbas need to learn—that"righteousness exalteth a nation," and that"sin is a reproach to any people." Allhis influence, therefore, is exerted in thedirection of fostering everything thatmakes for righteousness. Slavery and the

140 News of the Churches.slave-trading are denounced and punished,and oppression and wrongdoing are inlike raanner denounced in season and outof season. The consequence is that theking is fast gaining an influence araongstthe native tribes and native chiefs secondto none in Central Africa. The Churchat Toro, like the Church of Uganda, isfast becoraing a missionary Church. Theking's younger brother, the heir to thetlirone, has gone forth into Bunyoro as oneof the firstmissionaries of the Church atToro; his brother-in-law and many otheryoung raen have followed in his footsteps;and at Mbogo, on the farther side of theriver, close upon the borders of tbe CongoFree State, the native raissionariesof theChurch in Toro are coming in contactwith and instructing the pygmies ofStanley's dark forest—Ghurch MissionaryGleaner.AT HOME.Blythedale, Pa.—Eesolutions of theLadies' Missionary Society of ilcKeesportand Monongahela congregation on thedeath of ilrs. E. J. Sharp:Inasmuch as it has pleased our HeavenlyFather to call our rauch loved sister,Mrs. Martha J. Sharp, wife of Eev. E. J.Sharp, from her labors on earth to herreward in Heaven; and since we miss herhappy sraile and cheering words of encourageraentin our worlc, and her willingnessto give that raade it a pleasure tosolicit aid frora her; and since by her activityin life and devotion to ber familyand to her Master's cause, she has sel usan example we should be constrained tofollow; therefore,Eesolved, That in her sudden death weare adraonished to be raore diligent inour Master's service, taking heed to Hiswords, "Be ye also ready, for in such anhour as ye think not the Son of ilancoraeth." Also that we tender our condolenceto her aged husband and hisfaraily in their affliction and in tbis sadbereaveraenti assuring thera of our prayersfor their speedy recovery to health, andthat the consolations of the Holy Spiritraay abound with thera; seeing tbey sorrownol as those who have no bope.That a copy of these resolutions" beplaced in our rainute boolc and one sent tothe faraily of the deceased, and that theybe pubUshed in the Christian Nation andOlive Trees.Sarah J. McConnell, Pres.New York.—The New York Presbyteryof the Reformed Presbyterian Churchwill raeetin the Church of Fourth Newl^ork, 304 W. 122d Streeti Tuesday, May6, 1902, at 10:30 a. m. Two of thetheological students are expected to delivertrial pieces."The Third New York," says a correspondent,"celebrated the Lord's Supperon Aprih the second Sabbath. The pastorwas assisted by the Rev. G. M. Robb, ofSyracuse, who preached the gospel witbeamestness and power, tbe Holy Spiritderaonstrating FIis presence. The attendancewas very good, a larger nuraber sitingdown at the table than for severalcoraraunions past. Four naraes wereadded to the roll. The Third Churcb islocated well 'down town' in the greatcity of New York. But earnest effort isbeing made to cultivate the field. TheSabbaih school is doing excellent work,and special emphasis is put upon publicworship and horae training. Special evangelisticservices are held tbe first Sabbathevening of eaeh raonth, from Octoberlo April, including botb monthsnaraed."In the Second Congregation tbe tbirdSabbath of April was Coraraunion Sabbath.The assistant was Rev. F. M. Wil-

News of the Churches. 141son, of Parnassus, Pa., who preached witbexceptional irapressiveness and power. Hisserraons were raessages exactly adapted tothe occasion and tbe needs of the people. Itwas raatter of regret to every one that anunexpected sumraons horae prevented hirafrom remaining to conduct the Mondayevening service.There was an accession of seven, two oncerlificate frora sister churches and five onprofession of faith, one of tbe latter beingthe direct fruit of special services beld onSabbath evenings for the' benefit of theparents of mission children attending theSabbath school. There were only 227communicants, including six visitors,many having been detained at home by illhealtb. But as the day was very fine,thehouse seemed to be corafortably filled withworshippers, some of them strangers whobad corae in to witness the celebration ofthe Lord's Supper after the Scotchfasbion, and, though the exercises lastednearly three hours and a half, they remained,witb few exceptions, to the close,. apparently interested spectators.Since the auturan coraraunion this congregationhas been called to part with tworaore of its raerabers: Mrs. MargaretAiken, who was laken away Nov. 14, 1901,at the advanced age of 84 years, hadalways been in tbe membership of theCovenanter Cburch and was strongly attachedto its principles. During the closingyears of ber life she was very feeble,but was sustained by tbe proraised graceof tbe Lord, Whora having not seen sheloved, and in Whose presence her ransoraedspirit now rests from the wearinessincident lo disease and old age. Mrs.Jane Shipton, on the contrary, who diedJan. 23, 1902, in her 67tb year, had beenreceived into the fellowship of the Churchonly eighteen years ago, soon after theremoval of an only daughter in her youngcouldfind corafort only in the Saviour, andfrora that hour to the tirae of her deathHe was the stay and confidence of herbeart.Selma, Ala.—Worlc here in this partof the Lord's vineyard goes on in tbe usualway. Tbere is routine in everything, andso it is in raission fields. Routine isnecessary for real worlc, but to be shakenout of it occasionally by a visit frorafriends, or sorae unusual event, is a goodthing, as it raakes us look back and see tberailestones we have passed, and plan newwork. Dr. and Mrs. H. H. George baveraade us one of these visits. We had themost enjoyable visit with them, and wefound thera profoundly interested in ourwork here. They helped us in our plansof worlc. We feel that thejr visit has doneus raore good tban words can express.Tbeir talks and serraons on teraperance.Sabbath keeping, duties of raothers andnational reforra have stirred up our congregationin a raost healthful way. AfterMrs. George's talk on Sabbatii keeping,one of our raerabers went to her and said:"I never thought of it that way before. Iara not going to do these things on Sabbathday after this." Another result wasseen frora the answer Mr. Bell, one of ourraembers, gave to a wbite man who saidto bim: "Why don't you register to vole ?You corae up to the requireraents." Hisanswer was: "Yes, but the Consiitutionof the United Slates don't corae up to rayrequireraents." We feel that Mr. Bell is asincere Christian and Covenanter. Hisadvantages in an educational way havebeen raeager, but ever since he joined, ourchurch he has taken his part in prayerraeeting—leading, praying and raakingreraarks—and shows sucb evident signs ofembarrassment that one feels that be isdoing it from a sense of duly.Last week a white woraan carae to Mr.

142 News of the Churches.Reed, asking hira to get the pupils to signa pledge to not throw fruit peelings, etc.,on the streets. She offered 25 cents foreach 100 signatures. Monday two of ouryoung Covenanter girls in Nos. 7 and 8each reporied 100 names. We have ofteiinoticed that Covenanler young peopleshow an energy in studies and other thingsthat is unusual. Covenanter principlesare not calculated lo gather large numbers,but they are calculated to cultivate"backbone" and sturdy character in themembers we do get. One of our boys, GarfieldMarshall, took the prize for the bestoriginal song this winter, corapetitorsfrom all the olher colored schools in town.One of our teachers, iliss BlancheGeorge, has been very sick the last twoweeks. She is recovering nicely. She isvery cheerful and patient. Far away fromher dear horae folks, her siclc roora farfrora "ideal,'' and kept away frora thework so dear to her, is certainly trying.Bul she has borne this trial like "a goodsoldier of the cross of Christ." We feelthat if the Churcb really knew howcrowded our teachers are, that there would .be a strenuous effort raade to provide therawith corafortable rooras. Is it right thatfour grown young ladies should all sleepin one room? We make no coraplaint.We believe the facts are not known, andwe know the call on every hand for"raoney, raoney, money." I know yourears raust ache with the din.The languid, drearay spring days arecoraing. We have already had a taste ofit in our own "aching limbs." Prettysoon our pupils will need lo be "proddedwith slicks to raake thera raove at all" (?).The raore we corae in contact wilb othercolored schools in the South, the raorewe are convinced of the necessity of industrialwork being taught. There was atime when a coramon and religious educationwas the crying need of the negro.The State • does not provide this yet, althoughit is beginning lo help along thecoraraon school line. But we do nol be­Ueve the State has any idea of providingadequate school facilities for the negro, forthe reason that it does not have tbe realgood of the begro at heart. But they do alittle so they can "slop tbe raouths" ofthe North. But we feel tbat at the presentthey need to be taught all lines of industries,with the raental and raoral training.How are these colored girls going to learnto do housework properly when a familyof six or eight live in one or two roomsand the mother gone all day cooking orwashing for white farailies? How arethey to learn cooking—healthful, econoraicalcooking? How are they to learn tocare for the sick or raake their ownclothes? The sarae may be said of theboys.The "holiness people" have been makinga great stir all this year, holding meelingsevery night. They keep up the excitement,clairaing to "see things," andgo into "transports," etc. Their preachergoes frora house to house, and will scarcelytake .a refusal of adraittance. Such areligion, wdiich appeals to the ignorant andexcitable, and which promises the delightfulfeeling that one is "holy," and "can'tsin," and "just all right,'" is likely to carry

away raany. It is much more agreeable to Reforraed Presbyterian Church of NNews of the Churches. 143the "natural man" than to be told "that America will raeet in the Syracuse Reweare worms of the dust," and "when forraed Presbyterian Church Wednesday,you have done aU those things that are May 28, 1902, at 7:30 P. M. It will becoraraanded you, say we are unprofitable opened with a serraon by the retiringservants." We bave feared that some of moderator. Rev. D. C. Martin, D.D.our pupils and members might be carried The following programme has been arawaywitb it. Last week Miss Sophia ranged by the Committee on Psalmody forKingston had questions and answers frora a conference at Synod, Thursday evening,the Bible, confuting tbe holiness doctrine. May 29, 1902: To preside. Dr. C. D.taught lo her room. No. 6, and they re- Trumbull. Addresses: "The Book ofcited them in chapel Thursday morning. Psalms, a Complete Manual of Praise,"She had literally "searched the Scrip- Rev. T. H. Acheson; "Instraraentaltures" frora beginning to end. It was Music, a Corruption of New Testaraentvery coraplete, and we thougbt very use- Worship," Dr. R. J. George; "Psalmful. Yours in His worlc.Singers in the Struggle for Civil and ReilRS.J. G. Reed. ligious Liberty," Rev. J. B. Gilmore;"Cbrist in the Psalms," R. M. Soraraer-Syracuse, N. Y.—The Synod of the ville.Every year tbe Allgemeine Zeitung of Munich publishes a carefully preparedestimate of the reUgious statistics of the world.According to the estimate forthe present year there are in Europe 384,500,000Christians, 6,600,000 Moharamedans, 6,500,000 Jews. In all America there are126,400,000 Christians ; the Jews and heathen are not given. In Asia there are12,600,000 Christians, 109,500,000 Mohammedans, 200,000 Jews and 667,800,000pagans. In Africa are 4,400,000 Christians, 36,000,000 Moslems, 400,000 Jews and91,000,000 heathen. And in Oceanica are 9,700,000 Christians, 24,700,000 Moslems,and 4,400,000 heathen.In the world there are 240,000,000 Roman CathoUcs, 163,300,000 Protestants and98,300,000 Greek Catholics, or a total of 501,600,000 Christians in a population of1,544,500,000. It is a siriking fact that Protestants are increasing in numbers fasterthan Catholics. In English-speaking lands Ireland alone has a majority of Catholics,The wealthiest Roman Caiholic Church is that of France.—Missionary Review of the World.Wang Hsin, a Chinese convert, was during the Boxer troubles commanded to repent,and this was his reply : "I have repented already. Before, I was a bad character ;now, by the grace of God, I bave been changed for the better ; I am not going tochange again for the worse ;" and he was cut to pieces.The peace of bim that bas lived near to God is like the quiet, steady lustre.of thelighthouse lamp, startling no one, ever to be found when wanted, casting the samemild ray through the long night across the maddest billows that curi their crestsaround llic rock on which it stands.—F. W. Robertson.

144 Monographs.THE GEEAT VOLUNTBEE CON­VENTION.MONOGRAPHS.The fourth inlernational convention ofthe Student Volunteer iloveraent for PoreignMissions, which raet in Toronto, Canada,Feb. 26 to March 2, 1902, was oneof the most notable and significant gatheringsof the present time. Other conventions,like the Y. P. S. C. E., the Pan-Presbyterian Council, or the EvangelicalAlliance, raay outnuraber its delegation,bul this convention of 2,296 siudents and212 professors, frora 408 colleges and universitiesand 57 theological serainaries,represented far more possibility and potentialitythan any of the gatherings mentionedabove.That this Volunteer Movement is ofGod cannot be doubted by any who wereprivileged to attend the convention. Therewas no weak eraotionalisra, no shallow exciteraentabout it, and all the appeals weremade to reason, conscience and heart. Theforeign mission situation was presentedclearly, broadly and almost irresistibly,and the suprerae and unchanging raotiveswere raost strongly urged. And thus theconvention raoved on a high level throughout,without feverish eraotion and withoutfactitious appeal.The chief raeetings of the conveniionwere held in Massey Hall, which seatsabout 5,000, while an additional meetingwas held in the Metropolitan MethodistChurch on Wednesdaj^, Thursday, Fridayand Saturday evenings, and a second additionalmeeting had lo be held in Cooke'sChurch on Saturday evening. The flneMassey Hall was very siraply decorated.In the rear of the platforra was a raap ofthe world, whose red lines seeraed to bindthe Christian and the non-Christian peoplestogether. Draped on either side ofthis raap were tbe Union Jack and theSlars and Stripes, signalizing the onenessof the two great nations in the work forthe ilaster, and over all stretched thewatchword of the association, "The Evangelizationof the World in Tbis Generation."It was a disappointment to me that Icould not reach Toronto till Thursday,Feb. 27, in the early raorning, but horaeduties have the flrst claira on a pastor,and I can give the proceedings of theflrst day, Wednesday, only as they weredescribed to me by my host, Eev. E. P.ilackay, D.D., the Secretary of the Boardof Foreign Missions of the PresbyierianChurch in Canada. The opening sessionof the convention, Wednesday afternoon,was entirely devotional, and in it EobertE. Speer struck the keynote of all addresses."Has Christ the rightful placein your thoughts ?" "Are you living nearthe side of Him ?" were the burning questions,by whicb he corapelled bis hearers lolook into their hearts. He was followedby Mrs. Howard Taylor, of tbe China Inlandilission. One of the editors of theWestminster, in speaking of this openingsession, said: "It was to us all one of thevision-hours of life. We forgot for thetirae the ordinary round; our eyes wereturned inward, and we saw ourselves in allthe raeanness and unworthiness of ourlives; but our eyes were also turned upward,and we saw the risen Christ and therich treasures stored up in Hira for us.And we learned, too, that if we were tobe a raeans of blessing to others, our ownsouls raust be enriched by the fulness ofGod."The evening session of Wednesdaybrought the addresses of welcome by tbree

prominent Toronto men—Bisbop Sweatman,of the Diocese of Toronto; PrincipalCaven, of Knox College, and Dr. JohnPotts, Educational Secretary of theMethodist Church, to which addresses thechairman, John R. Molt, replied. Frof.J. R. Stevenson, of McCormick Serainary,pastor-elect of the Fiftb Avenue PresbyterianChurch in New York, gave the firstaddress of the conveniion. His tbeme was"Why should the making known of Christlo the whole world be the supreme aim ofthe Church?" In the MetropolitanChurch, India was the evening's therae,whicb was discussed by Dr. J. P. Jones,President of a Presbyterian college iniladura. South India, and by the venerableand honored Bishop Thoburn, of theM. B. Church.Arriving in Toronto early on Thursdayraorning, I "*^ent as soon as possible tothe convention haU, whicb I was privilegedto enler in the rear, thus stepping directlyon tbe platform. The meeting bad justbeen opened, and tbe vast assembly wasstanding, singing the praise of God in theHundredth Psalra. As the strong, freshvoices were united in tbat raajesticsong,and as the raighty waves of raelody rosefrora the great throng, ray beart wascaused to beat with a quicker stroke, andI felt tbat I was brought face to face witbthe deep things of God. After the praisea few raoments of intense prayer by PresidentCapen of the American Board, andthe work of the second day was begun.John E. Mott read the fourth report ofthe Executive CoramUtee of the StudentA^olunteer Movement, long, but full of interestgi'^ing an intelligent, grasp of theairas, the achieveraents and the futureprogrararae of tbe raoveraent. While hewas reading, my eyes wandered over thevast asserably which filledtbe fine baU. Iremembered that I had read, "The VolunteerMovement is an evanescent thing, aMonographs. 145,wave of enthusiasra whicii will soon diedown into the dead-level indifferencewhose surface it has disturbed." I reraeraberedthat I had been inclined to believethat these volunteers were excited youngmen, to wbich the churches and the missionaryboards must not give serious heed.And now, I was face to face with thesevolunteers. What an assembly! 2,955registered delegates, from twenty-twodifferent countries, frora 465 educationalinstitutions, and from all evangelicalbodies. The brightest and brainiest youngmen and w^oraen in our colleges, and inour universities, and in our seminaries,the future leaders of the nations, had senttheir brightest and best men and woraen tosit together and hold counsel on the extensionof the Kingdora of Christ! Thedelegates frora the different States andTerritories were seated together, signs, inlarge print and high above their heads,announcing their borae. The searchingeye discovered that alraost every part ofthe United States and Canada was represented,and found again that raen andworaen of raany races were present. Therewas the negro and the Indian, the Chineseand the Japanese, the Gentile and theJew—and all were one in Christ Jesus!As I looked over that wonderful asserablyI began to understand what raighty forcesare at work for the upbuilding of Christ'sKingdora!And frora tbe audience ray eye turnedto tbe raultitude upon the platforra onwhicb I was seated. My host was acquaintedwith all those celebrities, andsoon I had thera pointed out to rae. Onehundred and seven raissionaries who badseen active service in the f oreigb field werepresent during the conveniion. Many ofthera were gray and showed that they badseen long years of toil. There was BishopThoburn, of India, whose narae is one ofthe greatest in connection wilh Indian

146 Monographs.raissions. There were Dr. and Mrs. HowardTaylor, of the China Inland Mission.There was Dr. Anient, whose name hasbeen so frequently mentioned in theChinese troubles. There was Prof. F. D.Garaew^ell, the hero of Pekin, who held thefort during those days of anxiety andperil in the suramer of 1900. Underwood,of Korea; Hotchkiss, of East Africa; Janvier,of Allahabad; Baldwin, of Foochoo,and many others who had labored amongbenighted heathen, were shown to me.Then I saw John E. ilott, the presentleader of the moveraent, a young man witbclean-shaven face, but wilh power andresolulion stamped upon every feature.And I saw Eobert E. Speer, "the student'sfriend," with his strong, yet kindly faceand eyes, the raost outstanding figure inthe whole convention, wbo bas "the touchof the prophet, corabining the far visionof- the seer with the kindling word of thepreacher of righteousness," whose speechesare at once "literary in forra, spiritual inlone and corapelling in their appeal to reasonand conscience and heart." Tbenthere were Harlan P. Beach and LutherD. Wishart, and nuraerous men whosenames are so farailiar to the student ofraission literature, and the speakers froraraany parts of Canada and the UnitedStales.After the reading of J. E. Moll's report,Mr. T. Jayes brought greetings fromthe Student Volunteers of Great Britainand Ireland; Bishop Thoburn spoke ofthe need of spiriiual men for spiritualwork; Dr. SchoU, of Baltimore, spoke onthe same theme with force and quiethumor; and Prebendary Fox, of London,tbe Honorary Secretary of the BnglishC. M. S., made the closing address ofThursday moming.During the afternoon a number of sectionmeetings were held, al which the presentcondition and outlook of the variousfields were discussed. Thus India, China,Japan and Korea; Burraah, Ceylon, Siamand Laos; Turkish Erapire, Persia andEgypt; Africa; South America, Mexico,West Indies, Philippines and other Papallands; the Jews, and Bible and missionarytraining schools were considered.Thursday evening we went lo the MetropolitanChurch and listened firstto an addressby Dr. Ament (so widely advertisedby Mark Twain's attacks), in which hegave a graphic picture of social and moralconditions in China. He was followed byDr. Gamewell's "Days of Peril in Pekin,"a grand description of God's providentialcare in those days of great tribulation.In Massey Hall the therae for Thursdayevening was "The Unevangelized Millions,"which was discussed by C. A. E.Janvier (India), Underwood (Korea),Hotchkiss (Africa), Araenl and HowardTaylor (China).Proraptly at the appoinied hour themeeting was called lo order on Fridaymorning. The general therae of the addressesof the forenoon was, "How to Leadthe Horae Church to Eealize Its Responsibilityfor the Evangelization of theHeathen." Dr. Chivers, of Brooklyn, deraandedthe education of children andyoung people; Dr. Wood, of New York,recoraraended the printed page, and HarlanP. Beach argued for a regular departraentof raissions in colleges and seminaries.Dr. ilillard, of Baltimore; Dr.Sraith, of Greensboro, S. C, and Dr. ElraoreHarris, of Toronto, spoke of the responsibilityof the paslor. In closing.Bishop Thoburn urged the young raissionariesto raake Christ their one ideal.Twenty-five denorainational meetingswere held during Friday afternoon, andthe relalions of the home church lo theworkers abroad were earnestly discussed.Bight of tbe fifteenCovenanters in attendancewent to the U. P. meeting, since it

Monographs. 147was not possible to get our own peopletogether in a denominational raeeting.literary work, Y. il. C. A. and Y. W. C.A. in raissionlands, editors, professors andFriday evening John E. Moll spoke with instructors, and young people's leaders'burning earnestness of tbe great possibilities-were discussed.before us. At the conclusion of "The Challenge to the Churcb" was thehis address, cards for subscriptions "werepassed, and, witbout any sensational appeal,intensely interesting theme on Saturdayevening in Massey Hall. Prebendary Poxthe eards were banded back in fifteen rose to raalce what was the strongest of bisminutes, and a sum of $60,000 ($15,000a year for four years) was promised. Thesubscriptions were in sums frora 50 centsraany strong speeches in the conveniion.He spoke of the open door and of the loudcall for the Gospel. Eobert E. Speer followedto $2,000. There was sorae tendency tohira on "The Eesources of theapplaud at .first, bul it was sternly repressedChurch." It was the raaster speech ofby tbe chairman, -who deraanded the convention, the irapassioned utteranceprayer rather than applause.of a Spiril-flUed man. As he spoke thoseAfter the offering. Bishop Galloway, ofthe M. E. Cburcb, South, gave "Lessonsburning words, be appeared to have beenon the Mount, and no one who heard hisfrom Master Missionaries," a most irapressivemessage that night can ever forget it. Headdress.The general theme of tbe Saturday forenoonsaw before hira the naiions of the worldin all their degradation and sorrow andmeeting was "The Use of Money as ignorance and awful need. He saw thea Factor in tbe Great Work of the wealth of the Christian nations, and heChurch." President Capen, of the Amerieanraade us see the treraendous responsibililyBoard, showed that our spendings onourselves and on our home churches areout of proportion to our spending uponmissions, while Dr. Goucher, of Baltimore,spoke on "The Financial Co-operation ofEich and Poor," and recoraraended thatthe ideal of systematic and proportionategiving be steadily kept before tbe Cburch.S. Earl Taylor thought tbat tbe Churchis only trifling witb ber great comraission,and asked that the cbildren be trained ingiving. C. E. Bradt, a pastor of Wichita,Kas., related tbe experience of bis congregation,and showed the blessings it receivedwhen the great coraraission waswhich that wealth involves. He picturedthe resources of the Church in her youth,her agencies and equipraent, and above allin her faith. There was a hushed and intenseinterest all through this powerfulappeal.I was not able lo attend the services ofthe Sabbath day in Massey Hall, becauseI was requested to preach in ParkdalePresbyterian Church in tbe morning, andin St. James' Square Presbyterian Cburchin the evening, but I reacbed the hall duringthe closing exercises of the evening.Bishop Baldwin preached tbe conventionsermon at 10:30 A. M., which was followedobeyed. Luther D. Wishart pled that by a heart message from Mrs. Howardcongregations support their own raissionaries,Taylor. A special raeeting for raen dele­and Prebendary Fox spoke of the gates and anotber special raeeting forneed of a larger raotive for giving andevangelizing.woraen delegates were held at 3 P. M., andthe farewell raeeting of the conventionSaturday afternoon brought again sectionalopened al 7:30 P. M. Mr. Mott spokeraeetings, wbere medical raissions, on "Prayer as the Key by Wbich We Un­evangelistic raissions, educational and lock the Storehouse of Divine Power."

148 Monographs.Prof. J. E. Stevenson expressed the gratitudeof the delegates to the Christianpeople of Toronto, to which speech Mr. S.J. Moore raade a finelypointed answer. Anumber of tiraely and short addresseswere raade; fraternal greetings by cablewere read frora Stockholra, Chrisliania,Eostock, Calcutta, Shanghai and Tokio,and then carae the cliraax of the convention.Mr. Mott asked those who wereready to go to the foreign fieldwithin theyear to stand up. One hundred andtwenty-five young men and women rose inthe front of the hall, and quietly andmodestly stated their fields and the reasonsof their choice. Parting words to theyoung missionaries were ,spoken by Mr.A. B. Williams, the venerable Bishop Thoburn,and onee more Eobert E. Speerbrought one of his burning raessages.Then the benediction was pronounced, andone of the raost notable religious gatheringsever held on the continent of Araericacarae quietly and reverently lo a close.The contrast between the Student VolunteerConvention and the ordinary conventionwas reraarked by all. In all theraeetings great eraphasis was laid upon theiraportance and power of prayer, and thusthe conveniion was kept steady and sober,and free from sporadic enthusiasra. Itraoved upon a high spiritual plane, andto hundreds it was a veritable Pentecostalexperience. No raan could look into thebright and eager faces of that raultitudeof young people representing the best intellectualand spiritual life of the continentand think of the purpose for whichthey were asserabled, without being raovedby the thought of the glorious possibilitiesbefore the Christian Church. No raancould treat sucb a gathering lightly orbarden his heart against its raessage.And the message of the Student VolunteerMoveraent for Foreign Missions is achallenge to the Church. II is a challengelo the official boards of foreign missionwork. The pledge of these young menand women is no empty form nor the resultof sudden impulse, but a deep anddeliberate thing, the hurable consecrationof love for a life of devoled service. It isthe "answer of the Lord of tbe harvestto the Church's prayer for raorelaborers.Here they are, wilUng to be used. Whatwill the raissionaryleaders do with them ?It is a challenge to the Church in aUher congregations and raerabership. Herprayer for raore laborers has been heard;the calls for raissionariescorae frora everyland. The doors are open widely, and thevolunteers stand ready. What will theChurch do with that challenge? To declineil would be sharae; to accept it, andto meet its demands for prayer and giftsand service, means the enfranchisement ofthe Church. The duty is plain. The challengemust be accepted by every Church,the Eeforraed Presbyterian as well as allothers.Louis Meyer.Hoplcinton, la.TAK HING CHAU.Eev. A. I. Eobb has kindly sent OlivkTrees a package of photographs. Theyare raarked "for you personally," but wehave decided to go to tbe expense of reproducingthem for the benefit of ourreaders. We believe that these scenes andfaces cannot fail to awaken new interestin this fieldof missionary enterprise.Mr. Eobb thus describes these pictures:The three large ones are a panoramataken frora our raissionhouse. No. 1 islooking nearly south. II shows the littlefarraing patches, most of lhem in .raulberrybushes, which have been cut back tothe roots and are just beginning theirspring growth. The river and the raountainsbeyond are raost iraperfectly shown,but will give you a fair idea of what we

!2ioo(2jOjgtosPANORAMA FROM MISSION HOUSE AT TAK HING CHAU.

150 Monographs.see constantly. The left of the centralpicture shows the Dragon ilother Templei ^ llif.«-„4g>« 1 ',:- • • 1.....^^---^"••"•-ife:3!sS^- n^1 ^^^ P^l^^f^^H^!?^r''*'^*.1from the' rear. The center shows raoreraulberry fields and a fish pond, dry inwinter and slocked each spring, while tothe right is the straggling village leadinglo tbe city in the farther distance. Youwill observe the two large pawn shops,many stories high, and the only highbuildings in South China are of this classand nearly all of this shape. The raountainsare beyond the river, and just to theright of the center is Great Strengihilountain, ten railesdistant, and the highestin this part of the province. No. 3shows Fragrant ilountain in the background,looking northwest from our home,on the sarae.side the river with us, as theriver breaks through the hills alraost atthe junction of pictures Nos. 2 and 3.The foreground shows you our very nearestneighbors' clurap of houses. They arealraost a pattern for all villages of that degreeof wealth, whicb is about the average.The foliage is characteristic of this partof China.The sraall picture is a photograph ofour Bible woraan. She has been a Christianfor about four years, and is unusuallyzealous, with as rauch discretion as mostof her class. She bas been our most efficienlhelp and the only one among theworaen. She has laught a great many ofthem and her work promises to bear fruit.In the picture of the district magistrateMAGISTRATE AND SECRETARIES.

and bis six secretaries, tbe principal personageis sitting in tbe center. He leavesus next montb, having been promoted. Hehas been a friend to us, and we now knowthat the reason our property was so carefullypreserved in our absence is thathe "sealed" ih thus signifying to all thatit was under bis care. He is known as themagistraie friendly to Christianity. Unfortunately,be smokes opiura.Tbe front of the Dragon Molher Templeshows you the elaborate detail in tbe roof.This is the temple nearest us, and is byfar the most elaborate and important onein the cily. The pig in the foreground isquite in place from a Chinese standpoint.The lepers, photographed in our backyard, where tbey carae begging, and theprisoners with the stones chained to theirnecks, will show you two phases of lifehere that are unknown al borae. Tbestone lion to the right of the prisoners isone of two which guard (?) the entranceto the magistrate's Yamun.A FEAST AT TAK HING CHAU.—The following account of an entertainmentgiven by our missionaries to anumber of Chinese woraen bn Friday, Feb.28, 1902, is addressed to tbe "dear friendsat home," wbo will thank the writer forthis new picture of mission work.—Most of the women have attended servicesregularly since the relurn of theMonographs. 151workers, ilrs. Eobb instructed our Biblewoman to invite the guests. In responseto the invitations, seven woraen carae,wbile others declined because they wereafraid we would put something in the riceto make thera join the Church. Thosewho accepted the invitation were deUghtedlo come, and though not asked lo comeunlil 3 o'clock P. M., two of the guestswere present about noon. With one exception,all were present before the bour.Mrs. Eobb and the Bible woman talked onthe Scripture lesson from John 6:36-37.Some would give atiention, while otherswould do soraething else.Dr. George and I disraissed our teachersearly so we eould help to entertain whileMrs. Eobb was looking after things in-thekitchen. Perhaps you wonder what wecould do. Well, the Chinese are all veryfond of pictures, so we bad prepared soraefor use at this time, and we eraployed ourlimited vocabulary the best we could whileshowing the pictures. We were soon relieved,bowever, by tbe hostess inviting usout lo dinner. It was not withoui sometrembling and hesitancy that the womentook their seats at a table covered with awhile cloth set witb dishes, knives, forksand spoon. We also had rice bowls andchop sticks, whicb all preferred but myself,while eating their meats. They allbowed their heads while tbe Bible womanasked the blessing. How vastly differentin their horaes!According to previous arrangeraent. Dr.George and a native woinan served tbefeast, a good excuse to not use chop sticksand eat Chinese foods. The "menu" wasnot extensive: Goose served wilh a dressing,according to their taste, and whichwould necessitate a "label" to be sure youwere eating goose. The pork was preparedin a way neither easily described nordigested. The rice was cooked withoutsalt, as lhey always cook it. They all

ir)2Monographs.thouglit the pineapple delicious, becausewe sprinkled sugar on it. Not raany ofthera know what sugar is frora its use, aslhey have only a native brown sugar whichis not very clean, and too expensive forthera to use. A pudding raade of nativenuts and sorae native candies corapletedthe course.I should have said the raeats were cutup, bones and all, as is their custora; thenthey throw the bones on the fioor. Theirhostess prevented this by taking a bite ofraeat in whicii there was a bone, whichshe did quite . gracefully with her chopsticks, reraoved the bone and placed it ona sraall side dish. They only needed theexaraple. They all ate heartily and thankedus over and over because we had such kindhearts to invite thera lo dine with us.After dinner we retired to the Chineseguest roora, sang a song for thera, -whichthey could appreciate only for the noise weraade.As they did not know when to go horae,we all washed them a good walk and theydeparted, rejoicing because they were ourfriends. We pray good will result fromthis social meeting, and many fears willbe removed frora the hearts of this people.They express their kindly feeling in raauyw^ays. Pray that we raay be speciallyguided in all our work.Jennie B. Torrence.THB SUADIA FASTOE AND FOUEOF OUE BOYS.Eight years ago a poor little ragged boycarae lo ilr. Dodds, aslcing to be takeninto school. That little boy is our Ahraed,who sits at Mr. Dodds' left side in thepicture. As you look at tbis strong youngman, with the happy srailing face of today,as he sils confidingly near his friendand pastor, you cannot iraagine the pitifullooking child of eight years ago, standingin fear and trerabling, with tattered ragsthat half covered bis body; by his sidehung one poor arra, lirap, shriveled andtwisted, bis black hair stood up like fadedbristle, bleached at the ends by this scorchingsun. Sorae advised Mr. Dodds notlo lake that half-witted child, but, oh!how could he lurn the poor little waifawaj'? For pity's salce be took hira in.After the usual round of ablutions, hishead was shaved and when he had donnedan entire suit (a tbing he had never hadbefore), he w^as considered safe to sendin to the olber boys, raost of whom hadhad the same course of treatmenl.In a very short tirae, to the surprise ofaU, before he could read, he could repeatPsalra after Psalra, catechisras and wholechapters frora the "Words of Life" that hehad never heard before. He learned themby sitting and listening to the other olderboys being taught. From tbat day untilthis every one has been Ahmed's friend.When we bad to leave our chosen work

and go to tbe home land in 1898, we lefthim in the Boys' School in Latakia, wherehe reraained three years. This year he isstudying for us and teaching sorae classes.We could hardly do witbout bim now,since he has made himself so useful andtrustworthy, but we want bim to finishthecourse of sludy in Latakia next year.In a lale letter frora Miss Edgar shesays: "I ara sorry Ahraed did not coraeback. The boys would bave given him awarm welcorae, for they all liked hira."At tbe sarae tirae Ahraed carae, Israiel,the boy who sits in front of Ahmed, wastaken into school. There was no hesitationabout taking him in, for his bright.sparkling eyes, his sraile, which lightedup bis face, sho-ndng rows of pearly teeth,at once gave h'ira favor in our eyes.Israiel is the boy who coraraitted thetwenty-nine verses of Matt. 7 in a fewhours and learned all bis other lessons perfectlybesides. He carae and recited thechapter to me, for I w^as to give him apair of shoes be needed wben the chapterwas learned. Mr. Dodds and I were greatlysurprised. We had expected him tobe six days instead of balf that nuraber ofhours. Israiel was no prouder than wewhen he went walking off -with bis new redshoes, turned up at the toes.He and Ahraed have always been fastMonographs. 153friends. They have had sorae trying aswell as happy experiences together. Atthe time lhey were lo be talcen to Latalciato school, the Turkish soldiers were closelyguarding all roads to prevent tobaccosmuggling. Bul as we have learned, bysad experience, these poorly paid Turkishsoldiers do not restrict theraselves to thework for which they are specially detailed,but are ever on the alert lo any and everypretext for extorting sraall or large surasof raoney frora all who raay corae withintheir reach. So you see it would havebeen the delight of their hearts to catchtwo helpless Fellaheen boys on their wayto an Araerican school.We were all in our raountain horaes fortbe vacation. Mr. Dodds, accorapanied byilr. Kennedy, carae down to Suadia tospend the Sabbatb wilb our people andto bring the two boys up to Kessab thatfar on the way to Latakia. To avoid tbecrafty soldiers, if possible, it was arrangedtbat the boys would be here with theirdonkeys, ready to start at raidnight. Theydid not dare to cross the Orontes Eiverat the ferry, so Abraed's falher carae alongas guide. ' The river was low, so they wereto be guided across in the darkness byAbraed's father. Quietly lhey slippedalong in the darap,. chilly air, down theriver bank unlil lhey carae to where theywere to try fording the swift, wide river.The guide waded in ahead, slowly, deeperand deeper, holding his arras and clotbesabove his head. Mr. Dodds went next,then the two little boys on their donkeys,swiraming in the deep water, followed.Mr. Kennedy brought up the rear. Therewas no laiking as tbey quietly went swish,s-wish through the streara, each concernedfor the other's safety. When once acrossour good brother Kennedy found his bootsfiUed with water. In his anxiety for allgetting across safely he had failed tohold up bis feel. There was no raidnight

154 Monographs.sun to dry out the "water-proof," handmadeEnglisb boots, neither were thetravelers caring-to loiter on the way, soon our brother rode, not disraounting untilall were safe in Kessab. His thoughtfulwife suggested that he raight havebeen more comfortable if be had emptiedthe water out of his boots at the river'sbank.The Fellaheen boys are in constant fearof being taken as soldiers, as the Fellaheenare all considered Moslems, for railitarypurposes, and are compelled lo serveyears in the army—slaves lo do the mostheen sect, he was anxious to exaraine themcarefully, in order that he might be surethey understood the only way of salvation,through Jesus the only Saviour.. He askedthem to pray with us. Their little prayers—so siraple, so trustful, contained onlywhat their hungry souls were longing for—pardon, acceptance and strength to dowhat was rigbt.As you look into the faces of these dearboys and think of what darkness theywould still be' in were it not for yourschools here, and when you think of whatthey may yet have to suffer for His sake,will you not pray especially for your boysbeyond the seas?Myeta May Dodds.menial labor, generally. We are thankfullhal these two boys have escaped thusfar. We hear most pitiful stories of soraeof our boys that have gone to the array.They are not allowed to have a Bible ora book of any kind teaching about theSaviour they have been taught is their Eedeeraer.THE AMEEICAN TEACT SOCIETY.'The new century has awakened neweffort and achieveraent. Man -is irapatientNo friends to cheer and help for progress. God, who occupied vastthera, no letters can lhey receive froratheir friends. They are coraforted by theprecious verses 'they have coraraitted toperiods in preparing the earth as. a horae!for raan, bas choSen to prepare hira forhisheavenly horae by education, toil and:raeraory in school.suffering. The progress of many centuriesAhraed and Israiel united with theseeras to be fast culminating. Mul­Chureh while in Latakia, and they show tiplied facilities and araple raeans are inrauch inlerest in the, schoolboys in many the hands of God's people. Wide-openhelpful ways.Debo, who sits at Mr. Dodds' right, on adoors to whitened flelds await the reaper.In this great work the Araerican Tractlow stool, is one of our orphan boys. He Society bas an important part. Its Christianbas only one sister. She is raarried, andshe with her husband drove him away from literature is an indispensable raeansfor spreading tbe gospel araong untoldthe little horae that is his by right, and millions at home and abroad. Under itshe carae to us pleading for a place to stay banners all believers raay rally for concertedduring last suraraer's vacation. He isand co-operative effori in publish­bright, studious, always ready to help withwork in the school. FIis relatives hate hirabecause he is a Chrislian.Debo, with Abood, who sits behind hirain the picture, united with our Churchand was baptized at our last coramunion.Mr. Dodds talked much with thera andprayed with thera before he received them.As they, too, belong to the Pagan Fellaingand disserainaling those central truthsin which all evangelical churches agree.Its beneficent and charitable work seeksout and finds the poor, the ignorant, theindifferent at horae and abroad.Its colportage goes out inlo the highwaysand hedges. The end of its wholework is not in reraunerative sales, but inextending the knowledge of Christ for

the edifying of believers and the saving ofsouls. No small portion of its issues, especiallyits tracts, booklets and publicationsin foreign languages, are undertaken withthe certainty that, except in the gooddone through thera, they will never bringreturns; and for these reasons the Societyclaims the affection and support of all-devout Christians.The new publications added to tbe Society'slist during tbe past year were 32 innumber—23 English, 6 Spanish, 2 PoUshand 1 German. Seven of these were volumes.Of its seven periodicals, over 3,-000,0.00 copies were printed. Of tbe newpublications, six are devotional, two areexpository, one is raissionary—tbe "Eeportof the Ecuraenical Missionary Conference,"which has been characterized as"the mosl valuable work on foreign raissionstbat has ever been published"—three are inviting and adraonitory, fivearefor young people and cbildren, and onefor army work. Besides these, fivepacketsof illustrated Bible cards in Spanish havebeen issued.The wbole number of distinct publications(not including periodicals) issuedby the Tract Soeiety from tbe beginningof its existence is 8,336, of wbich 2,032have been voluraes. It has also aided inthe publication of 5,013 distinct books ortracis at foreign raissionary stations, makinga grand total of 13,349 issues.The total number of voluraes issuedfrom the horae office during tbe past seventy-sixyears is 32,391,827; of tracts,479,399,719, and of periodicals, 358,401,-668; making a grand total of 770,193,114,which does not include the millions oftracts and volumes issued at missionarystations in foreign lands.There is a constant and strenuous appealfor grants of tbe Cbristian literatureprovided by the Tract Society. The eallcomes from every quarter of tbe world andMonographs. 155frora all classes and conditions of huraanity.In response to these urgent appeals,the Society has distributed its publicationsbroadcast, in raissions, hospitals,prisons, asylums, homes and benevolentinsiitutions of every kind. Soldiers andsailors, the poor and the lowly, the sickand sorrowing, all have been reraemberedin the distribution of the helpful publicationsof the Society. The missionariesin the foreign field, including those atwork in Mexico, South America, Cuba,Puerto Eico and the Philippines, havebeen aided in their work, as far as thefunds of the Society would perrait, bygrants of literature. Over 4,000,000 pagesof Christian truth have been circulated inthe Spanish language. Libraries havebeen selected and sent to needy fields;tbegraduating cadets at West Point werepresented with Bibles, in accordance withthe usual custora; and every effort hasbeen raade to raake the resources of theSociely as effeciive as possible in ministeringto the needs of Christian workerseverywhere. The aggregate araount ofgratuitous distribution during the yearhas been to the value of $14,030.51. Tbederaand for help, however, has been farbeyond the financialability of the Societyto supply.Union Missionary colportage is a systeraaticendeavor to carry gospel truth inprint to the people everywhere, with tbeadded agency of the living voice. Notonly is there no better way to reacb them,bul in many cases there is no other way.Take, for exaraple, the case of a frontierfarraer's family, where the population issparse and within raany railes there arefew or no Christians, no church or prayerraeeting or Sabbath school. The colporter'svisit is a pleasant break in their loneliness.His cheery salutation, "Peace beto this house," is accorapanied by prayerthat the Prince of Peace Hiraself will

156 Monographs.come and raake His abode with thera.His new boolcs are tempting, and they findthat witb lhem he is seeking not to raakemoney, but to do their souls good. Iftbey are unable to buy, he will give. Theirbearts open more or less lo his friendlymessage, and its influenee is preservedand deepened by the well-chosen books heleaves in the horae. Out of such interviewsSabbath schools and churches oftengrow.Instead of a few score colporters, manyhundreds are needed for such remote settlements—amongranchraen, miners andtbe lilce, and especially among the millionsof foreign iraraigrants—Poles, Bohemians,Hungarians, Italians and raany otbers—without churehes or pastors, and needingcolporters speaking their own languagesand offering thera gospel truth in theirfaraiUar tongue.But .besides all these classes, thousandsof colporters are needed in the best evangelizedportions of our country. There isscarcely any group of a dozen churchesanywhere, in whose neighborhood there isnot an un-Christian population for wdiomcolportage is jusl the means needed toreach and save thera by furnishing fresh,wholesorae Christian literature.Time has set the seal of unqualifled endorseraenton this forra of Christian work.During the year 55 colporters have beeneraployed, including seven students laboringin vacations. They raade 60,722 farailyvisits, and sold or gave away 34,087 voluraes.In raost of their visits, these colportersfound opportunity for a word ofprayer or Cbristian exhortation.Tbe results of colportage for sixty yearsshow 14,985,116 faraily visits made, 16,-343,735 voluraes sold or granted, and 8,-705,221 cases in which prayer was offeredor a word of personal exhortation on thesubject of Christianity was given.The two God-given agencies for propagatingthe gospel are the living voice andthe printed page. The ordained rainistryhas its undisputed sphere, as well as thelayraan, evangelist and teacher; but in theforeign field the Bible and Christian literaturein the vernacular are araong theforeraost of the agencies for aggressivework in behalf of those ouiside the nativeChristian coraraunities, for developing theUfe of believers, for giving prominence tothe churches eslablished, and for raakingChristianity indigenous to the soil.A large place was accorded to this lopicin the proceedings of tbe recent EcumenicalConference. The testiraony of theraissionaries lo the need and usefulness ofthis agency as a forerunner of tbe Bible,and as a help to the understanding of itscontents, and their stateraent of what hasalready been accoraplished and whatshould now be done, are of tbe greatest interestto those who are laboring and prayingfor the conversion of the world. Hereinis eraphatic coraraendation of the wisdoraof those who founded and raanagedthe Tract Soeiety, in that frora its earliestyears it entered upon this hopeful field,and that it stands among the foreraost ofthe societies for creating and disseminatingthis literature. The chairman of theExecutive Committee and one of tbe secretariesof tbe Society as delegates to theConference attended ils sessions and presepteda summary of ils work abroad,showing in seventy-flve years the issue of5,013 Christian publications, of which 973are volumes, in one hundred and fiftythreelanguages or dialects, and an expenditureof $735,212.43 at foreign missionstations and the granting of $58,459 inelectrotypes, in addition to a large proportionof its grants of publications madefrom the Tract House in New York.In general, the raanuscripts, whetherof translations or adaptations of standardbooks or of original works conveying

Chrislian thought in the native idioras,are prepared and presented by the raissionaries.The Society meets the expenseand, direclly or through others, makes theplates and issues the pubhcations. Ittakes great pleasure in reporting that duringthe year it has to a Uraited extent resumedits cash appropriations for this foreignwork. * * *The work of the Araerican Tract Society,as it has been tbus presented in tbisbrief bird's-eye view, is its own best appealto the generosity of the Cbristianpublic. The Society's resources are taxedto the utraost, and a donation is raostearnestly desired. The claim of the Societyis in reality the claim of the MasterHimself, and the help which it asks itseeks for the benefit of needy multitudeswhose pathetic appeal is being constantlymade to ils officers and coraraittees.Donations for the work should be sentto Louis Tag, Assistant Treasurer, or Eev.Judson Swifti Field Secretary, 150 NassauStreeti New York City.A GLOEIOUS LESSON.Twenty years ago a discouraged youngdoctor in one of our large cities was visitedby his father, who came up frora a ruraldistrict to look after his boy."Well, son," he said, "how are you getingalong?""I'ra not gelting along at all," was thedisheartened answer. "I'ra nol doing athing."The old raan's countenance fell, bul bespoke of courage and patience and perseverance.Later in tbe day be went witbhis son to the Free Dispensary, wbere theyoung doctor' bad an unsalaried position.The father sat by, a silent bul intenselyinterested spectator, while twenty-five poorunfortunates received help. Tbe doctorforgol bis visitor while be bent bis skilledenergies to this lask; but hardly bad theMonographs. 157door closed oh the last patient when theold man burst forth:"I thought you told rae you were notdoing anything ?" he thundered. "Not doinganything! Why, if I had helpedtwenty-five people in a raonth as rauch asyou have in one inorning, I would thankGod that ray Ufe counted for soraething.""There isn't any raoney in it, thougb,"exclaimed the son, somewhat abashed."iloijey!" the old man shouted, stiUscornfully. "What is money in comparisonwith being of use to your fellow raen ?Never raind about the raoney; you goright along at this work every day. I'llgo back to the farra and gladly earn raoneyenough to support you as long as I live.""That speech,'' I said to a friend ofmine, one who has spent raany years as aconspicuously successful teacher, "wentinto the bones of the young doctor's life,and strengthened hira for -a life of unselfishusefulness.""Ah," said the professor, "that onespeech was worth years of text-book reading.And yet il w-as raade without an instant'spreparation.""Far from il," I answered quickly. "Ithad taken sixty years of noble living,struggling against sin and self, pressingforward in the paths of righieousness,bearing the cross, following hard after tbePerfect Man, lo prepare that old Cbristianto raake that speech. Then the raoraentcarae, and be was ready to teach theglorious lesson."—Young Folks.To bring up a cbild in the way be shouldgo, travel that way yourself.Stories flrst heard at a mother's kneeare never wholly forgotten; a little springthat never dries up in our journey throughscorching years.The sooner you gel a cbild to be a lawunto himself, the sooner you will piake aman of him

1.58 Editorial Notes.EDITORIALNOTES.—Olive Teees costs only 50 cenls ayear, except when it is mailed to subscribersin the Borough of Manhattan,wbere it is published, and to foreign countries,when 75 cents raust be charged tocover special postage. All coraraunicationsshould be addressed toE. M. SOMMEEVILLE,327 W. 56th St., New York.•—Nearly two raonths ago Olive Teeessent bills to subscribers, who, unable toread the date written on the wrapper, hadfallen inlo arrears for raore tban twoyears, but witb no good results. We bavealways thought integrity and courtesy tobe distinguishing features of Christiancharacter, and we shall not allow a fewinstances of dishonesty and incivility tochange that opinion.—On Saturday, AprU 12, 1902, Eev.and Mrs. S. H. Kennedy, wbo spent thewinter with friends in Araerica, sailedfrora New York for Europe. They areidentifled with the Syrian Mission of theEeformed Presbyterian Chureh in Ireland,and expect to resume work in September.Like all true missionaries, tbeynever let an opportunily slip while in thiscountry of presenting the claims pf theforeign flelds. At one place, wbere Mrs.Kennedy, then Miss Jennie B. Dodds, wasengaged in teaching before going abroad,they received a raagnificentreception andaddressed large and enthusiastic audiencesmade up of all denorainations of Christiansrepresenled in that coraraunity.—A letter written on the S.S. "Belgenland"and raailedin Fhiladelphia on Mondayafternoon, April 21, reports the safearrival of Eev. and Mrs. Henry Eassonafter a pleasant voyage frora Bngland. Itcovers a letter from a young man inFamagusta, giving an interesting accountof his studies and work in that part ofCyprus.—Special attention is called to the followingSTATEMENT AND APPEAL.At the meeting of the Central Board,held on the 16th of April, there was reporteda deficit of $1,304.97. The fourthquarier of Synod's appropriation for 1901and also for the present year were still unpaid.The araount likely to be realizedfrora invested funds and other sourceswill probably be a little raore than sufficientto raeet the above deficit. To paythe balance of the appropriation for 1901would necessitate the borrowing of $700.To pay that for 1902 in addition wouldnecessitate the borrowing of about $2,500.The Board decided to pay the $700 neededto meet last year's obligations. For twelveraonths, the.brethren wbo bave been dependingon Synod's appropriations fortheir suppleraent have been corapelled todo without the full araount proraised. Thisis not right. The compensation is notlarge; to withhold the payment of any ofit so long a tirae is a very great injusticeto the laborers. The Board would haveliked very rauch to pay in addition thelast quarter's appropriation for the presentyear, but did not deera it advisable togo to Synod with a deflcU of $2,500. Asit has no reserved funds on which to drawin sueh an eraergency as the present, il decidedto raake a plain stateraent of thefacts to the Cburch, place tbe responsibilitywhere it belongs, on the raembersof the Chureh, and appeal to them toraise at once the araount needed to meet

Editorial Notes. 159all the obligations incurred. Two thou- the Second Church, New Yorlc, on thesand flvehundred dollars will be sufficient. Sabbath in Aprih the treasurer of theThe next meeting of tbe Board will be congregation handed tbe minister a packonthe third Wednesday of May. All tbat age, addressed to him, that had been deisneeded is a hearty and united effort on posited in the collection box. It containedthe part of pastors and people in order the letter given below:that at that date tbe entire amount called N. Y., Apr. 6, 1902.for may be in the hands of our treasurer R. M. Sommerville,fbr distribution.Rev. Sir:May we not calculate on tbis effort be- I wish the inclosed amount, sixty-sixing made at once?dollars ($66.00) to be divided among theJ. W. Sproull, Chairman, missions of tbe Covenanler Church, ac-A. C. Coulter, Sec, cording to tbeir respective needs, so tbatW. J. Coleman, Cor. Sec. the saving knowledge of Him "wbo diedthat I might live" may be thus further—Olive Trees has received for For- diffused.eign Missions, since last issue, and passed Will you kindly forward the same andon to Treasurer Walter T. MUler, $25 greatly oblige ?from the Young People's Central R. P.Yours in ChristiMission Band of the Central Churcb, Al-"His Workmanship."legheny. Pa.; $35 from the Sabbath The money has been appropriated asSchool of tbe Second Church, Boston, follows:Mass., the flrstinstallment of a fifty-dol- Domeslic Mission.. .$13.00lar pledge for tbe support of a nalive Indian Mission 13.00teacber in Syria; $11 from J. C. and R. Southern Mission... 13.00J. W., ChandlersviUe, 0., witb a prayer Chinese Mission 13.00that God's blessing may accompany the Syrian Mission 14.00offering; $6 from tbe Helping Hand Class And Olive Trees holds vouchers fromconnected witb tbe Second Church, New the Treasurers.York, special for Latakia Hospital; and$1.50 from tbe Syria Boys' Mission Band —Since last report we have receivedconnected with the congregation in BaUi- frora the young woraen of the Reforraedmore, Md., for the boys' school in Mersina, Presbyterian Church tbe following^ offer-Asia Minor.gs toward the support of their raissionaryfor 1902:—A few weeks ago a letter carae in with ilrs. Fannie E. Grahara, Olathe,$25 for the mission in China from two Kan $5-20merabers of the Second Church, New Miss Maud Grahara, Olathe, Kan.'York, who have always shown theraselves (deceased) 3.65forward in every good work. As lhey do Miss E. M. Moore, Olathe, Kan. . 3.65not wish their naraes published, tbe raoney Miss Jennie B. Torrence, China... 3.65has been forwarded to the Treasurer, as Miss Maggie Eobison, Dresden, 0. 3.65the contribution of "A Friend of Mis- Miss Sadie E. Caskey, Allegheny,.sions." Pa- • "^-OOMrs. M. E. McKee, Clarinda, la.. 10.00—At tbe close of tbe morning service in Mrs. G. A. Edgar, Olathe, Kan... 5.30

160 Editorial Notes.Miss Eachel Wylie, Olathe, Kan.. $3.65Mrs. Annie Chase, Nova Scotia. 5.20iliss Jane M. Edgar, Manchester,N. H 5.50Miss Ella GUchristi E, Meredith,N. Y 3.65iliss Eliza Cannon, Wyraan, la.. 5.20Miss Lizzie Huey, Olathe, Kan.. 3.65Two Friends of Missions, NewYork 25.00—Olive Trees is indebted to Mr. FennellP. Turner, General Secretary of theStudent Volunteer Moveraent, for a copyofThe CaU, QuaUfications and Preparationof Candidates for Foreign MissionaryService. Price, ^')c. cloth, 25c. paper.This little volurae is not a forraaltreatise on these subjects, but a collectionof admirable papers prepared by missionariesand other authorities, "each one,"as the editor says in a prefatory note, "anexpert who is fltted to give helpful adviceto those preparing for work in theforeign raission fleld." This book containsthe very inforraation needed byyoung raen and woraen who are thinkingof devoting their lives to foreign raissionarywork. It should be read in everyChristian horae.In this connection it gives Olive Teeesgreat pleasure to call the attention of itsreaders to the following notice that theEeport of the Student Volunteer Conventionheld in Toronto, Canada, this spring,can be obtained, if ordered in advance ofpublication, at reduced rates:The edilorial work is being done byEev. H. P. Beach, Educational Secretaryof the raoveraent.The volurae will be bound in cloth andwill contain more than 600 pages.Althougli the price of the book, postpaid,is $1.50, orders sent in iraraediately willbe talcen at $1 a copy, postpaid. Friendswishing to order in advance can do so bysending a postal card to the Student Volunteeriloveraent 3 W. 29th Streeh NewYork. When the boolc is ready for deliveryall subscribers will be notified, andthey can then send the raoney, on receiptof which the book will be forwardedpromptly.—A few days ago the European mailbrought usCivil Church EstabUshment. By JohnMcDonald. Shettleston, Glasgoiv, Scotland.The author of this book, an esteemedElder of the Refonned FresbyterianChurch in Scotland, has rendered valuableservice to the cause of Christ in hisearnest, yet reverential, discussion of therelations of Church and Slate. His arguments,based on the solid rock of Scripture,and expressed in vigorous Bnglish,show clearly and conclusively that thereis no warrant for Church Establishment.On every page there is manifest a desire tohonor the word and a convietion that,while Christ is supreme both in Churchand Slate, each ordinance has its ownsphere of action, and each is to act independently,bul under conlrol of the sameprinciples, for the interests of religion andthe glory of God. The book deserves awide circulation, and we cordially Comraendit to our readers.—The preseni office of the Trustees ofthe Synod of the Eeforraed PresbyterianChurch of North Araerica is Eoom 1011Frick Building, Grant Streel, opposUeCourt House, Pittsburg, Pa.The weakest among us has a gift, however seemingly trivial, whicb is peculiar lohim, and which, worthily used, wUl be a gift also to his race.—Ruskin.

O L I V E T R K E SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary "Work in the Refornied PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. JUNE, 1902. 5.QUESTIONS OF THE HOUR.CHEIST THE DESIRE OF THE NA­TIONS.Bobert E. Speer, Esq., Secretary of thePresbyterian Board of Foreign Missions.We live in an incomplete world, a worldof longings and desires, araid raen whoseweallh consists of their needs and theirdiscontents.There is anotber view of our worldfrora tbis. Tbere are those who weighlightly the woes of their fellow-men; whohave never heard tbe still, sad music ofhuraanity; who tbink it of slight accountthat other raen should suffer, providedonly their o-wn lives are restful and atease. I suppose tbere are some who takethis irresponsible view of the world becausethey honestly believe that the worldis fairly content. They look out over itsteeming peoples, an'd see tbem superficiallysatisfied or at least resigned. Thereis something in tbe human race besidethe dog. Even in hopelessness men resolvetbat-they will live game and see itthrough. Tbey find out after a while thatthe burdens must be borne, and they bendtheir backs to bear them, and sraile beneathtbe bending. The world is, on tbesurface of it, a measurably contentedworld. I suppose sorae take this view becausethey have no deep needs theraselves.Their own life is raeat and drink. Thingsmake it up, and not spirit; and, lookingout over a world of raen possessing things,they think the world is well enougb off,witb its things. And others we bave raetwho view the world.in this way, becausetbey have the spirit that Jesus pilloriedonce for all as the spiril tbat He raostabhorred, in the parable of the GoodSaraaritan, when He spoke of the Priestand the Levite who looked upon the raanin his sufferings, gathered up tbeir skirtswilb a feeUng of irritation, and passedby on the other side.Men raay take,this view of tbe world,if tbey wish. II was nol the view of JesusChrist. He looked down upon a woridthat He realized was an incoraplete world,a world with an unsatisfied desire—^raadeup of raen and woraen who were lost;and He carae to seek and to save tbatwhich was lost.Tbis world lo whicb He came is aworld wilb a desire. It is a world full ofthe coraraon desires of life. Underneathall the superficial crust of ils contents,tbis is a world of suffering wrought bypoverty and riches and sin. I beard,years ago, a raan who had spent alraost allhis life in India, and who had traveledover alraost every country in Asia—a raanwhora I never knew to be guilty of an exaggeration—say,"One-half the populationof this world never knows what it isto have enough to eat. Every eveningsun sets upon seven bundred millions ofhungry men and women and lillie chil-

162 Questions of the Hour.dren." I read, just the otber day, a letterfrom a friend of mine who had beentraveling through tbe mountains of Kurdistan,and he said in substance, "I cansum tbe wbole picture up in just tbesewords: I have scarcely been able to buy achicken in the villages through wbich Ibave passed. It has been alraost impossibleto buy even an egg. The commonfood of the people in these villages basbeen a meal made out of one part of branand five parts ground cobs of tbe corn.I have passed by raany a house throughwhose doors the woraen do not dare toventure, because they have not ragsenough to hide their nakedness; though Ihave lived bere for years, I bave neverseen before such raisery as araong theseraountain Nestorians." There are moreprosperous lands. China, for example.But even in the land southwest of China—a land blessed by better governmentthan any other Asiatic land, a land lyingin warra cliraates, where presumably lifemight be easier and its burdens less heavyto bear—only three years ago all the restof raankind looked aghast upon peopleswept away by the score and tbe hundredand the thousand, for the want of theraere necessaries of daily life. We live ina world of bilter desire for the raerenecessarythings of human living. We live ina world of great physical need.We live in a world of social desire. Ishould be willing to casl out of the accountat once everything but tbe place ofwoman in non-Christian lands. I shouldbe willing to rest the judgraent on Christianity'sclainis, upon the work tbat it basdone in behalf of woman, and the placethat it has given to woman, as overagainst the place that has been given toher and the sufferings that have been laidupon her by every other reUgion, exceptthe Jewisb religion. Man everywhere isthe master of his own sufferings. I canunderstand how a man- can be a heathen.But no woman is the raislressof her ownsufferings. Man is the master of his, andof hers also; and the sorrows of her life,and ils anguish and its pains, are thegifts of man. Tbere is not one religion,save Judaisra and Christianity, that doesnot sanction polygaray. Tbere is not onethat does not fling a half of tbe humanrace beyond tbe pale of God's destiny forit, except the Jewish faitb and tbe faiththat was brought to men by Mary's Son.We live in a world of great social desires.We live in a world of great raoralneed.I do not know better how to bring thisout than by an illustration. I was passingthrough tbe Northwest Province of Indiajusl a little over a year ago. Therewas a gathering of students in tbe city ofAllahabad—young raen brought from thedifferent universities and colleges of theNorthwest Province, about a hundred oflhem in all. On the Sabbaih afternoon, itseemed to a little group of us frora Americaand Great Britain, who bad knownone another before and who had met there,that it would be a good thing lo gather allthe studenis we could gel of that universitycily in the largest hall available, andhave a personal purity meeting. We senta commiltee to wait on tbe bead of theuniversity, to ask hira if he would allowus to use the large hall of the tmiversitybuilding that afternoon. He said, "Notfor a Christian meeting. The policy ofthe Government, of course, is neutralityin the nialter of religion, and we cannotlel you have il if you are going to preachChristianity there." We told hira we werenot going to preach any raore Christianitythan we felt he would not object lo himselfif he should be there. We wanted lobring before the students of that city (heknew as much as any man how much itwas needed) the claims of the pure life.He said if that was all we could have it

A large number of young men of variousreligions and sects came into the hall fromthe schools and universities of tbe city.They sat down under tbe busts of tbeirgreat men and tbe pictures of their greatheroes painted upon the walls, Moslemsand Hindoos, and several of us spoke uponthe claims of tbe pure life. At tbe endof the meeting a man from America, wbowas leading it, said: "Gentlemen, I thinkyou bave now got our idea—^that this isthe kind of life tbat men were made tolive. We believe there is a God on high.Who loves tbe unspotted life and who isready to give every man power to lead ahfe without a stain. If there is any manhere this afternoon who would like to bavethe living God give bim power to lead astainless life, will be stand np and sayso?" And at onee a student from tbefront seat cried out witb a loud voice,"No, no." He did not wanl tbe power tolead a stainless life. He preferred tbekind of a life that his religion sanctionedand allowed, and in some regards evenenjoined. And tbe meeting broke upafter that, each raan going to bis ownplace. We live in the midst of a worldseamed and stained and darkened -withsin, from tbe east lo tbe west, and fromthe norlh to the soutb of it, a world witban intense moral need, a desire so greatthat God Himself saw there was no otherway to meet it than by the sacriflce of Hisown Son, Whose blood cleanseth, us fromaU sin, a desire in wbicb tbe absence ofwish enlarges tbe awfulness of want.We live in a world of great reUgiousdesire and need. The raost enUghtenedman of the raost wonderful country inAsia, only a few years ago, when be wasthe Viceroy of the Province of Cbi Li, andthe Yellow Eiver overflowed its banks,went wUh all of bis retinue to kneel downin one of tbe large temples of the city, beforea live snake, to entreat that the floodsQuestions of ihe Hour. 163that had spread out over all their countrymigbt subside. Tbat was Li Hung Chang.Inlelligent man as be was, be was willingstiU, in obedience to what he believed werethe popular claims of his religion, to bowdown reverently before a snake as a god, toentreat the subsidence of the overflowingwaters of the river. If the most intelligent—albeitI fear also the most hypocriticaland corrupt—^raan of the raostintelligentrace in Asia can thus prostitutehiraself in the narae of bis religion, howrauch of life and food can there be in bisfaith for the real spiritual wants andlongings of raen ? I tbink the last thingthat any Christian raan wants to do is tojudge uncharitably the non-Christianfaiths. If there be one thing he wantsto believe in more than anything else, it isthat the God Who has not left Hiraselfwithout a witness in any nation under tbesun sbould have largely revealed Hiraselfto the souls of His children in these non-Christian lands. I do not believe thatany raan, bowever strong these desiresraay be in, his heart, can see tbe non-Christian faiths, where they most perfectlyexpress theraselves, wiihout comingback wilb all hope abandoned that inthem or tbrough thera any way can beopened unto the Father of the spirits ofmen.And these needs of the world cannot beraet by the politieal institutions of theBast. The raost reraarkable of thera allare wriling tbeir doora before our eyes,even in these days, in China. There is notone of thera that is not worse now thanit was a generation ago, or ten generationsago, save as the influence of the West hascome upon it and touched it. And theygrow worse and worse. Tbere is no bopefor these peoples in tbe political institutionsof the Bast.The man raust bave a peculiar 'visionwho sees any hope for them in thp

164 Questions of the Hour.politieal institutions of the West. Mr.Julian Hawthorne wrote baclc from Indialo the Cosmopolitan Magazine, in hisarticles upon tbe famine conditions, thatthe white invasion bad done India harm,so far as it had been colorless or raerelypolitical. It had done good only to theextent that it had been religious. Andthat was wriiten of the most unselfish andhelpful and Chrislian political institutionsthat have ever been transferred toAsia frora the West And when one turnsfrora Great Britain's influence, and listenslo the voice of Prince Henry, as he shookhis raailed fistin the face of all creation,and preaching the gospel of tbe consecratedperson of tbe stage Eraperor ofGerraany in China, one coraes to feelmore and raore that there can be but littlehope for these Eastern peoples in thesepolitical institutions of our Western lands.I ask what is good in our political institutionssave what flows from the outstretchedhands upon the Cross; save whatcomes from His influence. Who even nowis gathering to Hiraself the ages past andyet to be? All that is wholesorae andhelpful and healthful in our political lifehere, all lhal keeps the nations of theWest and will keep them if tbey are to bekept and saved in coming years, is theinfluence of the Man of Galilee. Everythingin them apart frora that would bebut as tbe ashen-apples of Lake Asphaltes,in the hands of the raan who graspedthera, thinking their forra hid true substance.There is no hope for tbese Easternnations in the political institutionsof the West. They are not their desire.Nor is there any hope for them in theirown religious faiths. Consider the conditionsin China—raen not Icnowing God,of the unseen life and the unseen world ?If in Cbina, witb all ils mighty influencesof sanity and sound judgment, worlcingthrough these past years (and they havebeen grievously underestimated), raen arestill in ignorance of God, and hating theraessage of God when it coraes, what canwe expect of other lands? Wherever Mohararaedanismhas gone, il has eilherfound a desert or raade one. It bas spreadits sterile influence over all life, chillingand deadening il and killing il, as thesterile ice lies over all the polar world.There are three eleraents in religion.There is the element of dependence, andthere is the element of fellowship, andthere is the element of progress. It raustbe confessed that alraost every non-Christianreligion supplies the eleraent of dependence.Men are dreadfully afraid.All Ufe is lived under the shadow of anunseen fear. But tbere is no religion inthis world that supplies either tbe elementof fellowship or tbe element of progresssave the religion of Him Who carae toteach men that they were the Father'schildren, and lo kindle in their hearts theflames of the Divine fire that is to burnbrighter and brighter until the fullness ofthe perfect day.The only hope that these Eastern peopleshave, the only answer to their desire,is lo be found in Hira Who is "TheDesire of all Nations.'' He carae preciselyto raeet these wants and needs ofmen. "I am the Way, the Truth, and theLife," He said. "No man coraeth untothe Father but by Me." "I ara corae toseek and to save tbat which was lost." "Iara eorae not to conderan, but to save thew-orld." "Olher sheep I bave which arenot of.this (Jewish) fold. Thera also Iraen'living under a faith, if it can be called raust bring, that tbere may be one flocka faith, that proclaims God not to be and one Shepherd."knowable. We know not our present life To raeet tbe wants of raen God gave Hisand this little world. How can we know only Son. And tbis work of meeting the

desires of the naiions Jesus Christ at oncebegan. That was tbe fault that men found-with Hira. Tbat was tbe ground of Celsus'scoraplaint: "Let us hear," he said,"what kind of person these Christians invite.Every one, tbey say, wbo is a sinner,who is devoid of understanding, who is achild, him wdll tbe Kingdom of God receive.Tbey assert,that God will receivethe sinner." And often has this complaintbeen raade against Christianity,that it w^as doing exactly whal "The Desireof all Nations" carae to do—to liftthe burdens off the shoulders of tbe overborne,to open tbe eyes of the blind thatthey migbt see, to unstop the ears of thedeaf tbal tbey migbt hear, to preach deliveranceto tbe captives, and tbe openingof prisons to thera that are bound.And this same wbrk, of satisfying thedesire of the nations. He Who is tbe nations'Desire is doing now in our owntime. He is doing it on tbe broadest possiblescale. By the influences of His gospelHe is doing it in the renovation of nationalcharacter. Underneath all the superflcialinfluence of Great Britain'spolitical institutions in India, He is building,and building, and building—changingmore hostility into love for our institutionstban is subsidized by the giftof Government appointment, or awed bythe intimidation of standing arraies. Aslo national characier, "The Desire of allNations" is converting the Bast. And incoramunity after comraunity He is liftinglife up out of ils old poverty and wickednessand want. Moharamedans must admitias one of them said not long ago, insubstance, in one of the villages of EasternPersia, "I can always lell a Christianvillage frora a Mohararaedan village bythe air of thrifti by the better wages, bythe larger crops, by tbe better built houses,by the larger and more comfortable supplyof furnishings that they contain."Questions of the Hour. 165Wherever Christ's Gospel goes in thisworld, it takes away physical want andneed. He Who proraised that His blessingwould be on His people does not hesitateto let that blessing fall upon thera inthe ways that can be raost visible to theireyes and raost tangible in their life.He is reraodeling and refashioning tbereligious life and the moral character ofmen. I went, fiveyears ago, to a Chineseteraple in the cily of Pyeng-Yang, inNorthern Korea. The grass had grownup between all tbe stones, heavy boltswere thrust through all the locks of thedoors, and we pounded in vain for a quarterof an hour or so before we arousedthe sleeping keeper. We asked hira whatthe closed doors of the teraple raeant."Well," he said, "I can tell you, althoughI really don't have control of tbis place.I ara just living bere because this is acheap place to lodge. The regular keepersare all gone. Nobody comes here anymore." We aslced bim why. He said:"This Christianity has come up bere inNorthern Korea. Everybody is raad afterit, and nobody coraes to this temple toworship any more." Wherever Christ inthis world, as the Nations' Desire, canbave His way. His disciples working withHira and not frustrating His will by theirdisbelief or their negligence, or their coldbeartedness,or their lack of failb. He israeeting the wants of the people's hearts.I lay these two sides of this therae beforeyou. The world, with its desires, onone side; the Christ, with His supplies, ontbe otber. Belween thera we, the sons ofHis Church, raust stand. To bring thesetwo togelher is a duty that we owe to ourown personal Christian life. Tbe raissionaryenterprise would be necessary, ifon no other account, siraply as the vindicationof our borae Christianity. If rayChrist is not so big that He can save thewhole world. He is not big enough to save

166 Questions of the Hour.me. And if He is so big that He cansave the whole world, and tbere be in myband any power to help Him do it, Istultify my own faith, I deny my own discipleship,if I withhold frora Hira the cooperationthat I can give.We owe it to ourselves, as developingbest what God intends for us in personalcharacter. In 1823, in the city of Boston,there carae into a little gathering of Baptistclergymen one evening a young man,unknown to the world, to preach a serraonthat had been announced for tbat night,and that meeting. It was a stormy, rainynigbt, and as Wayland carae in and tookhis place, he said, "I have thrown awaymy labor on this sermon." But as he rose,he put into his sermon all the power ofhis Christ-touched soul. This was histheme, "The Moral Dignity of the MissionaryEnterprise." Eowland Hill readthat sermon and declared tbat the youngraan who preached it bad in hira tbepower to reraake raen. The trustees ofBrown University read tbat serraon andtbey said, "Tbal is the man we want inthis place." And Wayland began his almostunsurpassed work in Brown Universitybecause he bad in that meeting felthimself, and raade the hearts of those wboheard bim and read his sermons, feel tberaoral dignity of the raissionary enterprise.I raake no apology for raissions. Iwould as soon think of apologizing forthe Creed tbal declares belief in the forgivenessof sins—^not of my sins only, butalso of the sins of the whole world. Iwould as soon apologize for tbe Lord'sPrayer, "Tby Kingdom corae." I wouldas soon apologize for the great coraraissionand the Gospels in which it is found—"Go ye into all the world, and preachthe Gospel to every creature." I would assoon apologize for the wisdora of tbe LivingGod, Who was in tbe Son Whom Hesent into the world to reconcile it untoHimself.We owe it to ourselves to identify ourlife anew witb this enterprise, whichseeraed to the Son of God so raorallyworthy that He could think of nothingbetter to wbich to give His own pricelesslife. We owe it to tbe tbousand raillionsinning and suffering men, eacb one ofthem a brother. We stand before themwith the Bread of Life in our hands, andwe eat our morsel alone, while we leavetliem to die their deatb of starvation andwant. We stand before them with themessage that God is love in our hearts,and w^e let it die upon our lips, while theygo do-wn in their darkness, stumbling blindfoldaround His great altar stairs. Howdare we meet them in tbe day when every ,man shall stand before the judgment seatof Christ, to give an account of the deedsdone in the body, if we bold back fromthese our brethren the message of the loveand the life and the blood of our Lord andtheirs ?And we owe it to Him Wbo is the nations'Desire. I say it reverently, if welive in the midst of an incoraplete world,we are the diseiples of an incorapleteChrist. As truly as Christ is "The Desireof all Nations," are all the nations thedesire of Cbrist. As truly as on tbe oneside tbey stand waiting for Hira, so astruly on the other side He stands waitingfor thera. The Kingdom is waitingfor its King, and the King is waiting forHis Kingdom.Sorae years ago Keshub Chunder Sen,the founder of the Progressive Somaj inIndia, who came close to the seamless robeof Jesus, but w^bo touched only the hemof the Master's garraent, said, "None butJesus, none but Jesus, none but Jesus isworthy to wear the diadem of India: andHe shall have it." And if none but Jesusis worthy to wear the diadem of India,

who but Jesus is worthy to wear tbe dia- And when we have got it, let us laQuestions of the Hour. 167dera of China and of Japan and of Africa upon His brow—tbe brow of "Tbe Desireand of the islands of tbe sea? My friends, of all Nations"—and let us cover wilb itsshall He have it ? He waits slill for His glory forever the scars of His crown ofcrown. Lel us go out and get it for Him! thorns!The following letter from an African elder shows the power of the gospel inheathen lands :Last October we bad a Conference of Elders of the Native Church on the occasionof the Semi-Jubilee of the Blantyre Mission. We gathered to consider these things:What are the hindrances to the Christian life, and how can we overcome them ?What sbould be the attitude of the Church towards (a) beer drinking; (6) Umyagodancing; and (c) the oracle? How shafl we encourage reading oftbe Bible andother books ? What is our duty as merabers of Christ's Churcb in giving our moneytowards preaching the gospel ? What is the parent's duly towards educating hisown children ? What can the Native Church do for the education of children ?The native elders themselves arranged that we must stop the beer drinkings and theUmyago dances, and thsre are no such things in our country since we had theConference. Our old customs are stopping now. The Domasi elders have theirown Mission Station on the island in Lake Shirwa. We are to have the stationthere—not tbe Europeans, but we the natives."Do not let us forget," says a well-known Britisb offlcer in a recent letter to theLondon Times, '' that the most important and the most far-reaching work in Chinais not done by our offlcial representatives, nor by our enterprising merchants, butby that great body of Cbristian men—and women, too — who are giving their livesto impart to the Chinese the accumulated knowledge of the West, and, more importantstiU, to infuse into thera that new spiritual influence without whicb Westernlearning is of Uttle avaU. The missionary has received but lukewarm encouragementso far. Can we not, now, at any rate, when be is about to prove himself asuccess, give him that true warmth of sympathy and support which be sorely needsand richly deserves ? "In 1830 one small rowboat could contain the entire Protestant community of tTurkish Empire, consisting of 5 persons ; in 1900 it nurabered 75,000, of wbom 7,000vere in Beirut. Then for tbe Mohammedan to become a Christian involved thepenalty of death ; now the Protestant and other Christian sects, together with convertsfrom Islam, are guaranteed freedom from persecution and the enjoyment of allthe rights and privileges. Then tbere were no schools ; now the wbole number ofchUdren in Protestant schools in Syria and Palestine is 18,000, of wbom one-half aregiris. Then tbere were no Bibles ; now 700,000 copies of the Scriptures have beenissued from tbe press, each copy bearing tbe imperial seal of authorization ; andthere are now sixteen Arabic journals in Beirut aloae.—World-Wide Missions.He who is rich for himself, laying up treasure for himself, is by so mucb robbinghis real inward Ufe, his life in and toward God, ofits resources.—^Z/ord.

168 News of the Churches.N E W S OF T H E CHURCHES.ABROAD.Suadia, Syria.—The following veryinteresting letter is from Miss Myrta MayDodds:Last Sabbath (March 16) was anotherday of rejoicing in Suadia chapel. It wasthe occasion of the baptisra of two raoreehildren. One was the little son of Bogus,"The Miller," of whose wonderful conversionraany of you have beard. He andhis bright-eyed wife stood witb bearaingfaces as the pastor baptized little Sarkis,who is one of the prettiest children I haveever seen in this eountry. The other wasthe little daughter of Malciel, another railier.He and his wife were received intothe church at our last coraraunion. LittleNebbeeha was dressed in "swaddlingclothes," as you see her in the picture witbher father and raother.It will be of inlerest to sorae to see howall the little babies here are wrapped in"swaddling clothes" until they are severalraonths old. Your rainds will at once revertto the angel's proclaraation to theOriental shepherds in the night—aSaviour, Christ the Lord, is born,, and"ye shall find the babe wrapped in swaddlingclothes." No doubt, for centuriesthis sarae custora has prevailed.When I first saw these wee babies withtheir little arras securely tied inside andtheir little heads bobbing about, I thoughtit was positively cruel. Now, I knowthat it is a great protection to the helplesslittie tbings to be thus bound up, asthey are often left to the care of an oldersister, who is but a ehild herself, and whotosses the baby about in a way that isquile shocking to us.Although the priest has repeatedly forbiddenhis people coraing to the Frotestantservices, last Sabbath we had raore mentban usual, and many women. Our audienceconsisted of Greeks, Arraenians andFellaheen. Mr. Dodds preached especiallyon baptisra, and every one listened wilhintense interest. Tbe Greeks and Arraenianswere raucb surprised wilh thesirapiicity of our baptisraal service. Norcould it be otherwise to people accustoraedto a ritual so elaborate, even in a rustic,rural district like Suadia.The pastor explained tbe ordinance inplain language, so that the raostindifferentlisteners becarae interested hearers. Ina clear raanner it was shown that raanyteachings, current bere in the East, aboutbaptisra, are not found in tbe Word ofGod, and hence, are not binding upon anyone. Then a forcible presentation ofleading truths conceming the ordinanceas found clearly presented in the gospel—the substitution of Christ dying for men,faith taking hold of this rederaption, re-

News of the Churches. 169pentance and confession the occasion of'receiving the ordinance, together withsorae things implied by the rite, were setbefore the people in simple language. Suchinstraction was new to these poor unfedsouls.Then, when the parents presenled theirchildren, the paslor stated the obligationsin terras, simple and suited to the comprehensionof all. A plain while bowl ofpure water—^Ihe solemn, simple words aseacb child was baptized into Christ, withthe accompanying prayer—all this stronglycontrasting wilh tbe priests in theirvestments, tbe burning of candles, cloudsof incense rising from smoking censers,the long, unintelligible prayers and readingsand singings, as tbe water is salted,oiled, crossed, devils exorcised—the coraingof the god-parents who fall prostrateat the feet of the priest, the undressingof the child, the elaborate iraraersionceremony; reelotbing of the cbildand numerous succeeding cereraonies, allcalculated to iriystify rather than edifythe participants and confused congregation.Last Sabbaih the oldest and raoSt respectedpriest in tbe Suadia valley again,in very strong terms, told his people tbatthey must not come to any of tbe Protestantservices—^Ihe day schooh Sabbathsehool, preaching service, tbe woraen'smeeting, or prayer meeting. He cannolhinder the missionaries holding interestingand helpful raeetings in the horaes ofthe Greeks who invite tbe pastor to corae,and they gather in raany friends andneighbors to see, and hear also. Thiswillingness to hear and a seeking afterthe "Truth," as compared to their "Traditions,"has encouraged and cheered usgreatly.Next week the annual meeting of theCommission and also tbe Syrian Missionmeets in Latakia, so Mr. Dodds is on histwo days' ride over the mountains lo Latakia.He is lo sleep to-night in Kessab,and to-raorrow be is to ride about fortymiles on lo Latakia. The rain is pouringdown, and I think the mothers and wivesat horae will pardon tbe missionary's wifein that she is nol able to rise above a feelingof loneliness in this far, far-off landof Islara.We expect to have our spring coraraunionas soon as Mr. Dodds returns.There are two dear sisters wdio are "haltingbetween two opinions," whether tobravely corae out and confess Christ andsuffer the perseculion of friends or lo waituntil a "raore convenient (?) season."One is the oldest girl in tbe boardingschool, who bas been wanling to come forsorae tirae. Miss Cunninghara has discouragedber, soraewhat, just to test hersincerity. She shows raany signs of conversion.She is a Fellaha, and her drunkenfather would, no doubl, beat her withoutraercy. The other is a wife and raotherwho has been attending the services forseveral years quite frequently. Of late, herface bespeaks untold joy and peace witbin.She fears ber husband and their"landowners." When you are readingthis, these two dear sisters will be testedand tried, and they need your raost iraportunateprayers. God has given raarkedvictories in our little band, gaihered infrora the world of threatening friends (?)and foes. None were allowed to sufferharra frora tbose who said, "You are deadto us if you becorae a Frotestant."Yours, in happy anticipalion of seeingmore "sheaves" brought home.The following letter frora Mrs. Doddswas written April 17:Last -Sabbath was another happy dayfor us in our little chapel. The seats -wereas closely arranged as possible, so as toaccoraraodate as many as might corae to

170 News of the Churches.our coraraunion services. In order to told you before, came out and took herleave sufficient seats near the door for the stand on the Lord's side. She was onestrangers who would come, tbe boys wereseated on tbe platform near the minister.of the three wbo were baptized. She looksso happy since her decision, althougb herThe scbool girls and our own church raeraberspeople opposed her very bitterly. Herand tbeir children occupied seats older brother came last Sabbath to seenear the pulpit. Tbe priests had been whal she would do. After the servicesmost imperative in forbidding tbeir peopleto corae lo our chapel, and we werenot sure of an audience from the "outsiders."were over, when tbe audience was leavingthe chapel, she rushed to her brother tokiss his hand, the ordinary way in which aBeing seated on tbe front row girl salutes her older brothers as well aswith our three little boys, I was giving all raerabersof the faraily. He drew backthem an objeet lesson by not looking and was about to strike her down, but shearound at all. Hearing no commotion—it being so perfectly silent—I began toescaped to the girls' school. This brothersays that sbe raust never corae back tothink that we had no one but our own their village or she will be killed. Shelittle band of worshippers witb us, and has been engaged, or rather I should say,I felt depressed as Mr. Dodds proceeded sold to a young man. Her family haswith the service. But finally, when opportunityspent the money—"eaten it," as they sayafforded me a backward glance,what was my joyous astonishraent to see—and now they say tbat be will not haveher, which raeans that they will have toevery available seat filled—the chapel was pay back the price of her. They are inpacked — nol a vacant place, while on distress, feeling tbat they bave been disgraced.every face was the expression of raptBut we think tbat it may be aattention.The people in this country are generallyfortunate thing for her if be vrill nothave her, as he is a Pagan and she is nowrather noisy at church, but never in a Christian, Do you not think that sheour own enlighlened Christian land didMr. Dodds have a raore attentive, quiet,needs your earnest prayers?I am sending a picture of the girls inrespectful congregation. One who had the Latakia school this year. You willnever seen our siraple baptisraal and coraraunionservices said, "And this is the wayrecognize Miss Wylie at the left window.The other ladies are the native teachers.that you coraraune ? Oh, how different it The two little boys in tbe front are theis from our coraraunion, wbere the peoplescrarable and flght like dogs to get to thepriest to get a portion of bread and winesons of the Governor of Latakia, who,witb their Moslera raother, happened tobe there to see the little girl wbo is in thefrora his hand, but undoubtedly tbis is the school. I ara sorry that they botb raovedbetter way."their heads, for they are really nice lookingThis raan is the husband of the woraanboys. Miss Wylie is very busy wilhI told you about in ray last letier. She her large faniily of sixty girls or raore,wants to unite with our church, but he who are under her special care.had always opposed her. He says that The olher picture is the neat little homehe will never oppose her again. May I of iliss Edgar. The friend of missions,ask you to continue in prayer for theraboth?The largest girl in school, of whora IMr. A. Alexander, gave the money, so thatthe lady principal of the boys' school inLatakia raight have a comfortable horae.

News' of the Churches. 171iliss Edgar is standing in the door. Iam sorry that ilr. Dodds did not succeedin getting the picture of Miss Edgar's numerousfaraily of boys. This neat littlehouse has a flatroof that is so coramon inLatakia. It faces to the east, and standsat the northwest corner of tbe boys' schoolbuilding, whose shadow falls across thepicture at the left band. In tbe distanceis the Mediterranean Sea, wbile at theleft of tbe house the Latakia steara flourmill is seen near the sea. A street runsallong on the nortb of the bouse, which isat the right of tbe picture. The streelentrance is from this street, up the stepsdireclly in front of Miss Edgar, as shestands in tbe door. The boys' schoolbuilding is within about ten feet of thesouth end of this house. -In front thereis yard room enougb for quile a lol ofshrubbery and flowers.Had I been able to have gone to Latakiaal this time of the gatbering of theraissionaries from the different flelds, Iw-ould have tried to give you also an interiorview or two of this house, wbich,from accounts, is very nicely arranged andneatly furnished on tbe inside. But Mr.Dodds did not understand this line ofphotography, and so you will bave to wailunlil sorae future tirae for a peep inlo itscosy precincts.

172 News of the Churches.I hope that this letier and these pictures"will help you to perceive how busilythe workers are engaged in the variouslines of the worlc. These buildings ofAvood and stone are a necessary adjunct tothe accoraplishing of a greater work, thegathering of those living stones, frorawhich the Masler Builder will constructthe earihly teraple, which teraple we areif the Spirit of God dwell in us. We longto see raany coraing to the Light.Miss Cunningham also wrote on thesarae date as follows:Last Sabbath, April 13, was our coraraunion.We had a very large audience;ranch the largest that I have ever seen inSuadia. Many young men. I cannot recalla raore devout and orderly meeting.The Spirit of God seemed to be present inpower. Mr. Dodds was given much freedoraand preached and dispensed the ordinanceswith power. Everyone was intenselyinterested, and I do hope irapressedand edifled. Thank God for sucba tirae of refreshraent. Three of the girlswere adraitted by baptisra. Two frorathe Ansairia and one a child of thechurch. They have all been in the girls'school for several years. On Saturday Iwent to the horaes of the girls' parentsand ihfited thera to be present. The girlshad told their people sorae tirae beforeand lhey had made no objection, but sincethat they had had time to talk it over withtheir neighbors, and would have been betterpleased if the girls had not been baptized.One woraan said: "It is hopelessfor ray girl to live here and be a Christian.What is one. araong so raany?Can one flower raake a spring? Lookat me; would I dare to refuse to work onSabbaih? The slick would soon compelme to. As for rae, I will nol aslc her togo to holy places nor work on Sabbath,but will it be in ray hands? No; she islaying up great trouble and misery forherself by being a Christian, and I warnber." I replied: "Bul you will come toraorrowand bring your husband?" Shesaid, "Yes, if he will let rae I will." Thenwe went to the other bouse. The poor womanthere said, "Oh, I am afraid. I wouldnot dare to go. Her father will put all theblarae on rae, and you know whal a raadraanhe is. My bones have decayed frorabeating." Truly, he is a raadman whendrunk. On one occasion he sel their houseon fire, and they escaped only with theirlives, all else being destroyed. I saw heronce when be had torn her eyelid in two,all he could get bold of, as she escapedfrom his clutches. At present he is hidingin consequence of a robberj' in whiehhe had a band, and this enforced absenceis the only peace tbe poor woman has hadfor years. She is living with one of hersons. She has three at home and tworaarried. I do not know bow raany theother wife has. The brother carae lo theservice and he was very angry with hissister, and made a good raany threats.They had engaged her to a raan who hadpaid two hundred piasters on her, andthey had eaten the raoney. He seemedto think that now she was a Chrislian thematch would be broken off, and indeed Iw^as delighted that he took that view of il.All his trouble seemed to be where theyw^ere to find the raoney tbat had been paidfor her. He said: "No one will take hernow, so sbe can be a daughter of charityafter coraraunion." I went to see a woraanwho was sick. She is "alraost persuaded"and bas been for quile a while. Sbe toldrae all that kept her back was the fear ofher husband, and he hiraself told rae thathe had a big notion to shoot her and fleethe counlry. On Sabbaih he went to bothservices; indeed be has been coraing regularlysince her illness, and he said to meon Sabbath, "I did not understand truly

it was the lable of the Lord. I will notstand in ray wife's way. What a contrastfrora the reverent way communion wasconducted in your chapel and in the Greelcchurch." All these things make us takecourage.A few weeks back I visited an oldSheikh wbo was dying from dropsy. Helearned the plan of salvation and seeraedto accept the gospel. Once I was readingto hira from John's Gospel, and his wifemade the remarlc, "Certainly we all loveJesus," and be said, "Hush! you don'tknow what you are' talking about. We donot love Him, for if we did we would obeyHis word." He was very anxious that weshould corae and see his wife after hisdealh. Poor fellow, he would loolc at raewith earnest eyes and ask about the resurrectionagain and again, and always say,"Don't be long until you corae again." Wehad a heavy rainstorra, so that I was notable to go and see hira at the last, but Ido think be was trusting in Jesus. Heasked me to take bis little girl into schoohbut tbe mother is not willing, at least forthe presenti We bave good meetings allthe tirae, althougb the silk season has commencedand people tbink of nolhing butworms.China.—An official letter from Eev.A. I. Eobb closes with a paragraph thatwe will not keep from our readers:Last Sabbath, March 16, was in atleast one respect tbe raost notable one inTak Hing. On that day we baptized ourflrst convert and received ber into theChurch. Tbe day was beautiful and tbepeople who came were all orderly and attentive.I have never seen a more attentiveaudience during tbe ceremony itself.Everything was done decently and in order,and apparently was not without itsimpression on tbose who witnessed, nearlyaU for the first time. * * * She isNeivs of the Churches. 173" seventy-flve years of age, and ber name isYau Sing Hing. She is at presentraeraorizing some of the Psalms in metreso that she can "praise God, when sheworships hira." She has the 23d and 8thand 19lh. She is becoraing blind wilhcataract, and we are glad to see her storingher raeraoryat an age when most peopleare fast forgetting.This is the closing part of an April—4tb letter from Dr. J. Maude George:Mr. Nelson has just given, us encouragingnews frora ray Canton patient's family.The daughter who began to unbind berfeet bas since applied for adraission tothe Church, and is being instructedfurther before adraission. Other woraenin the faraily are unbinding their feet.This young woman—who is a widow—has introduced Mrs. Nelson to her busband'smother, and in that way anotherhome has been opened to the gospel. Theyare exceptionally well educated forChinese women. (II is the exception fora Chinese woraan to bave any education.)The patient herself had an attack ofcholera lately, but recovered. Her youngestson died of il.We are very happy in loolcing forwardto the coraing of the new raissionaries.There is so ranch to be done. The raedicalwork is opening up rapidly. It israuch more rapid than I am. If I justhad the language I could be busy all thetirae. Tbere seeras no doubt that a hospitalwill bave a very large patronage assoon as we can get ready for it. We trylo lirait patients to one day in tbe week.On that day Mr. Eobb interprets for rae,and we see patients and put up drugs allday, seeing frora flftyto seventy patients.The Bible woraan lalks to the waitingcrowd. These patients pay flve cents(Mexican) each. It does not pay for theraedicine, but tbe few wbo come every

174 News of the Churches.week willing to pay a dollar to be seen ona non-dispensary day help in that, and wehope this deparlment can be raade enlirelyself-supporting after a while.The attendance on Sabbaths is growing,and they give most excellent attention.Our great need now seems to befor nalive workers to carry on the streetpreaching and Bible selling. Good workersare bard to get. Will you ask theCburcb to pray for thera? They havealready offered to pay thera, as you havewriiten.World-Wide Missions for April containsa cheering itera:Our far-away Mission in West China,two thousand miles or more up tbe greatYang-tse-Kiang, is in tbe raidstof a wonderfulharvest. The Eev. Spencer Lewis,superintendent, writes that there bas beena wonderful ingathering. In April last,at the annual meeting of the ilission,tbere were 372 merabers and probationers;at the end of the year tbere were 922, anincrease of 550, or 250 per cent. Thereare, besides, over 2,000 inquirers.God be praised for this splendid advance! Paul has planted and Apollos watered,and God has given the increase; raayHe be pleased lo crown tbe labors of ourfaithful raissionarieswith further additions.Brother Lewis says those who bavebeen received are "band-picked"—that is,received only after careful exaraination.The people of Szchuen Province werenever so friendly as they have been sincethe return of our raissionariesafter theBoxer raoveraent. * * *The West China Mission w^as foundedin 1881, so it bas just reached its raajority,so to speak. It has had a soraewhattroubled history. Our raissions wereonce burned and our raissionariesdrivenout, and during the twenty-one years sinceit was established there has been rauchpersecution. The sowdng was truly intears; the harvest is wilh rejoicing.Mr. Deane—of tbe Church of Scotland—baptized 369 Chinese in 1901, thusnearly doubling the converts. Pew of themwere children; they were raostly men,brought out and instructed by our nativeevangelists, and adraitted after exaraination.On the last Sabbatb of the year 100men were baptized at one service in thenew church presented to the Mission bythe Presbytery of Jedburgh. Eeports fromother missions give the irapression thatthere is just now an open door for thegospel throughout China. The blood ofChinese and European raartyrs has notbeen shed in vain. One bundred squarerailes around Ichang and our three outstationsare at present evangelized by ourraissionaries, and there are at least tenother towns and villages where there areChristians and inquirers, and wbere thereforework could be opened with probablyiraraediate success.—Life and Work.New Hebrides.—A leiter frora Dr.John G. Faton, written at Kew, Australia,ilarch 28, 1902, reports that he and Mrs.Paton were to sail in four days for theislands, hoping, as he expresses it, "tobave a happy tirae araong our dear Anewanconverts and at the Mission Synod.Dr. and Mrs. Crorabie go down with us,now to be placed on tbe islands in thenorth of Malekula. They are very promisingyoung people, an acquisition to ourMission. Dr. Campbell Nicholson, theolher young man, engaged when I was alhome, is expected out in eight or lenmonths."The friends of Dr. Paton will be gladto hear that bis health is much improved.His son, Eev. Frank H. L. Paton, bowever,has been forced by persistent attacksof island fever to give up bis increasingly

News of the Churches. 175successful work on West Tanna and returnto Australia. The April nuraber ofQuarterly Jottings contains his last letter,dated Jan. 16, 1902, from which we takea paragraph or two. Speaking of tbeChristmas gathering, he says:"The church was far too small to boldthe people, so we met under the ampleshade of a far-spreading banyan tree, atthe foot of tbe bill. Tbere men of differenttribes and different languages, manyof them enemies only a few years back, addressedeacb other as broihers in Cbrist.It only lacked tbe presence of Mr. Wall,who has given so long and heroic a lifefor Tanna, to make the gatbering coraplete."On Christmas morning we had ourusual meeting under the banyan tree, andthen the heathen began to gather fromall directions. First carae the woraen,carrying tbe baskets wbich were to beartheir share of the feast; and tben caraetheir lordly husbands, too dignifled locarry anything but tbeir loaded guns.There would have been raany raore, butthe rautual distrust araong tbe heathenkept many at bome. Tbere was a splendidspirit during the whole day, and ourvisitors won a good sbare of the prizes."On the Friday we bad special preparatoryservices. And on tbe Saturday wehad a 'very solemn baptismal service, wbensixteen were baptized on profession offaith in Cbrist. The whole gatheringculminated in a never-to-be-forgottencommunion service on tbe Sabbath. Earlyin tbe morning tbe coraraunicants.gathered for prayer on the veranda, andit louched our hearts to hear tbese raenpray, each in bis own dialect. Tbe veryfactof such a gathering raade us realizeas never before tbe marvelous power ofthe gospel of Cbrist. Aften ten or elevenshort, earnest prayers, we wended our waydown the hill to the banyan tree, underwhich the Lord's Table was spread. About166 natives sat dovm with us to partakeof the Holy Feast, and a great company ofpeople reverently looked on. Never hadsuch a large gathering taken place onTanna to -witness the great act of Cbristianworship. Truly, it was a day worthliving for—perhaps the last such day thatI shall see on Tanna. Mr. Macmillan dispensedtbe comraunion, and il was a holytirae for us all."This glad day was brougbt lo a closeby an English service in the evening, whenMr. and Mrs. Worthington joined us, andMr, Macmillan again preacbed to us."The next day, by sea and land, ourguests began to leave for their distanthomes. It was a gathering looked forwardto with raany prayers, and now it islooked back upon wilh raany hopes. Forwe believe that our prayers will be answered,and that rauch good will resultfrora this gathering of Tanna Christians."Araong those baptized was an old mannamed Kahl. He was once a great heathen,but now he is an eamest follower ofJesus. A few days ago Lomai said toKahl, 'What is in your heart—in thesedays, Kahl?' And the old raan's face litup as he said, 'Joy! My heart is full ofjoy, and ray rest is good. Before, I wasbaptized by the devil to do his work, andI had no rest, and ray sleep was bad. Now,I have been baptized by Jesus, lo do Hiswork, and ray heart is full of joy, and rayrest is good.'"The crisis of affairs in the NewHebrides is becoraing more acute everymonth. At present a joint coraraission oftwo Englisb and two Frencb naval officersis entrusted with the adrainistration oftbe islands, but the French are plainlyairaing at annexation. They have beenraaking great advances in the appropria-

176 News of the Churches.tion of land by settlers. The chiefs generallydesire annexation to Bngland. Australiaand New Zealand ardently supportthis, and are raost hostile to a Frencb occupationof such a central position. Theyare bringing strong influence to bear uponthe horae Governraent in tbis raatter.These islands have been generally civilizedunder raissionaryinfluence, though a portionare slill barbarous and heathen; 'but,as usual, the Propaganda does not try toreclaira the savages, but talces the advantageof Proteslant civilization for its settleraentsand then seeks lo undermine tbeProteslant work. It will be a great calamityif the islands are annexed by France..—Mission World.India.—"Sialkot City in the Panjab,which has a population of 35,000," saysLife and Work for April, anticipatingileras in the report lo the General Asserably,"at present needs at least two teacbers,one preacher for the open-air servicein the 'bazar,' and one colporteur. Thenin the district araong the villages the needis even greater. There are nearly 2,500Christians in forty villages to be shepherded,and over 70,000 heathen to bepreached to, and only ten workers to overtakethis great work. Forraerly therewere raore than ten, but our funds havenot allowed of our keeping thera all, andour raissionariesseeing the claraant needare anxious to reoccupy the vacant places,to save young converts frora lapsing intoheathen practices for want of instruciionand exhortation, and also to bring Hinduand Mohararaedan inquirers into theKingdom of Christ."The Dooars Mission is the youngestbranch of our Guild Mission, and its fleldis a great belt of tea-plantations at thefoot of the Himalayas. Mr. Macraichaelis a quiet thougb a strenuous worker, andit coines to us alraost as a surprise thathe has had 119 baptisms during the year.He has nine catechists, one of whora -willbe ready for ordination this year. Twoolhers are Mechis, who have gained manyoftheir tribe. Mission friends of thirtyyears' standing will reraeraber our earlywork araong the Mechis of the Terai byilr. Conrad Bechtold, now a rainisterinAmerica. After tbose days we lost touchwith the Mechis; now we have again overtakenthem on new ground, ilr. Macraichaelhas won the hearts of our owncountryraen, the tea-planters. He holdsSabbath services in their scattered bungalows,in English, and even at a rare tiraein Gaelic; and there is scarcely a Europeanthroughoui the territory whom hehas not nurabered in his congregations."AT HOME,Allegheny, Pa.—The Board of Superintendentsof the Theological Serainarymet in Seminary Hall, Tuesday,April 29, 1902, at 9 A. M., and adjournedon Wednesday, AprU 30, at 6 P. M.Members present or soon appeared,Messrs. McAllister, Miller, Steele, Sterritt,Stevenson and Sproull. Mr. Boydsent a letter to the Board expressing hisdeep regret that he would not be able tobe present at the raeeting.Oral exarainations were had in Herraeneulicsand Systematic Theology. Thepapers of wriiten examinations were subraittedto the Board for inspection.Discourses were delivered in the AlleghenyChurch by Messrs. EUiott, Patterson,Steele and Yates, of the first year; byMessrs. Edgar, Blsey, Green, Kerapf andMathews of the second year, and byMessrs. McBurney, McCarroU, Mc­Knight, McMillan and Eobb, of tbe thirdyear.The exarainations and discourses wereheartily sustained.Certificates to their respective Presby-

teries -were given to tbe siudents of thesecond year, and diploraas to those of tbethird.Tbe aitendance this year was good. InProfessor Willson's departraent, "the totalattendance was 81, an average of 5 11-14each. Two students were present everyday." In Professor George's department"one student w^as present at every recitation;one al every recitation during sevenof the eight monlbs, and six ai every recitationduring six of the eight monlhs."Tbe Secretary was instructed to tbankthe "generous friends" referred lo in thejoint report as baving "remembered tbestudenis and serainary with valuablegifts." "The valuable raanuscript bistoricalwritings" donated by ilr. Tibbywere placed in the hands of Synod's statedclerk for safekeeping.Dr. TrurabuU delivered the annual sermonbefore tbe Students' Missionary Societyon Sabbaih evening, April 27, inthe Central Churcb.J. W. Sproulx, Sec.Bloomington, Ind.—Miss CatherineJ. Gamble peacefully fell asleep on theevening of AprU 3, 1902. She was onlyabsent from church one Sabbath duringher brief illness, previous to her death.She was 73 years of age, a life-long meraberof tbe Blooraington Reformed PresbyterianCburcb. She lefl wilb us an exampleof reverence and devotion for tbehouse of God and His worship, worthy ofour irailation. Like Mary of old, sheloved to sU at the feet of Jesus, a hurablelearner. Thougb unassuming in ber manner,sbe was ever faitbful and conscientiousin the performance of all her Cbristianduties. For many years, bereft of allher near kinsmen, she implicitly relied onthe proraises of God, bravely fought life'sbattles, and raetdeath wUboul fear. Whenasked if sbe desired anything, she wouldNews of the Churches. 177reply, "ily earthly wants are dirainishing,ray spiriiual ones increasing."Though poor in tbis world's goods, shewas rich toward God.Miss Garable was one of the charterraerabers of the L. M. S., and was alwaysready and willing to help and encourageevery good work.Mamie A. Smith, Sec.Resolutions of the L. M. Society:Whereas, God in His Providence hasagain eniered our circle and called froratirae to eternity Miss Catherine J. Garable,a hurable and sincere Christian, anda kind friend, Iherefore,Resolved, lsl. That wbile we as a Societyfeel the loss of a rauch-loved sister,,yet we sorrow not as those who have nohope,believing ber to have attained thereward proraised to those who overcorae.3d. That we hereby express our appreciationof her high Chrislian characterand her conscientious perforraance ofduty.3d. Tbat we feel adraonished to greaterdiligence, and to be prepared for the comingof the Lord.Mrs. Rachel Russell,Mrs. Haddie Paris,ilRs. Agnes Latimer.Hopkinton, Ia.—Tbe repori of L. M.Society is as follows:Anoiher year has been numbered withthe past, and we pause, ere we enter thework of a new year, to lake a hasty surveyof the year's worlc.Our raeelings bave been held regularlyevery raonth, with an average attendanceof nine. There were two all-day raeetings.There are thirty-three raerabersenrolled,with twelve honorary merabers.Tbree naraes were added during tbe year.Our literary prograraraes bave been interestivg,and we trust profitable to allwbo attended the raeetings.

178 News of the Churches.A box of goods was sent to tbe Southernilission before the holidays. Our contributionsto mission work may seem tohave faUen short, but our energies andraeans bave been expended in home work,assisting in congregational work—^that ofbuilding and furnishing our cburch bome.II was our privilege during the sumraerto bave wilh us over Sabbath Rev. andMrs. A. I. Robb, raissionariesto China.Rev. J. G. Reed also visited us and presentedthe needs of the Southern Mission.The Treasurer gives the following report:Receipts:Dues from merabers ;.... $32.67Donations 1-50For sewing 1 • 00For Missionary Eeview 2.50Box lo Southern Mission 12.83Penny collection 1.42Thank offering to Iowa PresbyterianSociety 7.50Collection at annual meeting.... 18.78$78.19Disbursements:Foreign Mission 4.50Table linen (comraunion tables). 10.00Freight on box to Southern Mission3.40Secretary and Treasurer's books.. 1-. 00Missionary Eeview 2.50Box to Souihern Mission 12.82Postage 1.47Thank offering to Iowa PresbyterianSociety 7.50Foreign Mission 35.00$78.19Mrs. Louis Meyer, Pres.Mrs. Anna Donahue, Sec.Kansas City, Mo.—Annual report ofthe Ladies' Missionary Society of tbe E. P.Congregation of Kansas City, Mo.:Our Society beld during tbe year nineregular raeetings,and one special businessmeeting. Althougb we have been few innumber, we.bave tbe assurance that thelittle we haye done, if done in His name,will be blessed. During the past year abox of clothing was flnishedfor the LatakiaMission, and one was sent to theMission at Selma, Ala. Two quilts havebeen raade, one of whicb was given tothe Old Ladies' Horae of our city. Throughtbe efforts of tbe L, M. S., we have succeededin obtaining a set of dishes to be.used for our cburch gatherings, etc.Mrs. W. j. Adams, Sec.Treasurer's Eeport.Balance frora last year... .$1.77Eeceipts from April 1,1901,to April 1, 1902 54.05 $55.82Expenditures.Pastor's salary 40.00Freight and contents ofboxes to various missionflelds 9.16L. M. S. of Youngstown.. 1.00Spent for dishes 4.68 54.84Balance on hand $ .98Mrs. a. j. McFarland, Treas.In matters whicb reach into eternity noiv is always the nick of time ; one mannow is worth a hundred and flfty,years hence. One dollar now is wortb a thousandthen. Let us be up and doing before it is too late.—Lyman Beecher.In God's measurement of men, great souls are often found in obscure places, whilepigmies pose on pedestals which stand in conspicuous places.The talents, ours to-day, may be demanded by tbe Owner to-morrow. . . . Fidelity,not success, regulates the finalreward.—Macduff.

Monographs. 179MONOGRAPHS.B. A. degree—he must be born fromTHE TAKING OF DEGEEBS IN THBabove. This is primary, not possible toSCHOOL OF THB MASTBE.omit it in any case. "Except a man be bornThe Christian religion offers the grealestfrom above he cannot see the Kingdom."incentive to truly ambitious hearts, The opening sentence of McNeil's fam­tbose that seek full growth of characterfor the gloiy of their Maker and the goodous brochure, "The Spiril-flUed Life," isthis: "Eeader, are you a B. A. ? This littleof mankind. An ambitionless Cbristianbook is only for tbose who possess thatis a misnomer. A follower of Jesus Christis a disciple, a disciple is a siudent, a studentis one tbat is making consiant progressin studies, and marking the progressdegree from the King's College. If youare not born again, please put it one side."How thrilling those last words, "If youare nol born again, please put it one side."by the "degrees" taken. Such phrases as How many tbings in one's life bave to be"Taught of tbe Father," "Ye bave not so put aside wben tbe B. A. degree is notleamed Cbrist," "Come unto Me and reached ? He who has not taken it standslearn," "He will leach you all things,"show the schooldays of a believer.Every true university confers degreeson its studenis; the greater the universitytbe more careful is tbis giving of degrees,and the more highly prized by those atlainingthem.Degrees of inferior institutions carry noonly on tbe threshold of life—he bas noteniered in.To be "bom from above" seems a mostnatural thing to tbose that bave crossedthe threshold of life's realm, it is simplyclaiming by a vigorous faith our heavenlynativity and experiencing within the innerraan the creating power of the Heavenlyweight) and degrees purchased are a raoral Father.disgrace to all parties. Wben a degree How is this degree gotten? A willingnessspeaks of the real education of the raindto becorae a pupil of Jesus Christthey are honorable and worlhy. A true gives tbe degree. Tbis is soraething morestudent never works for a degree, he worksfor the mental training, and be neverflaimts his degree before tbe world.Now in the scbool of Jesus Christ notrue disciple works for tbe degrees givenby that scbool; he works from the loveof study and service, but tbe degrees coraetban signing tbe card of an evangelist andjoining the church—it is the sincere receivingof Jesus Cbrist in tbe heart. "Asmany as received Hira, to thera gave Hethe right lo become," John 1:12-13. Peterspeaks of it as coming from the incorruptibleseed of the living word droppingto him in due course.in the soul, 1 Peter 1:23. What are theOur Lord speaks of tbree grades: "Greatin the Kingdom of Heaven," "Least inevidences of taking tbis degree ? The FirstLetter of John abounds in proofs. Onethe Kingdom of Heaven," "In no case entergreat proof is that we see and hearinto the Kingdom"—of very high heavpnly tbings—the mind of such agrade, of very poor grade, and of no gradeat an.What are the possible degrees before ascholar enters into a new realm of thought."Blessed are your eyes for they see, andyour ears for they hear," is spoken lo allstudent of Jesus Cbrist ? First of all, the wbo are B. A.

180 Monographs.Who are the candidates for the degree ?Only those who have taken the B. A."After that ye believed ye were sealed .withthe proraised Holy Spirit." A little orrauch tirae raay intervene belween the takingof the two degrees; this depends onthe candidale. In the case of the apostlesit was three and a half years, but in thecase of Paul it was three days. How isthe degree taken? Taken by faith andobedience to the truth. "He that believethon Me as the Scripture has said," John7:37. "The Holy SpirU whora God hathgiven to thera tbat obey Hira," Acts 5:32.As faith in Jesus Cbrist gives us the newbirth, so a growing faith that shows itselfin practical loving obedience gives usthe baptisra of tbe Spirit.What are the results of taking the degree? More spiritual insight, raoreenjoymentof the true liberty of life, more peaceand satisfaction in service, raore fellowshipwith God - and the saints, raore lovefor the heathen world—for publicans andsinners.One of the sure raarks of those takingthis degree is this: They are found walkingdaily in the Spirit; Dr. Hodge wellsaid: "The Holy Spirit hates to be tallcedabout.'^ A great deal of shara talk thesedays of being fllledwith the Spiril, baptizedwith the Spirit, elc. Let us reraeraberthat the Holy Spirit hates to be talkedabout in this loose way, but He alwaysloves to be walked with and in, and theB. S. student is not so much a talker as awalker.A tbird degree in the school of JesusChrist is the two A.—"A. A.""Always abounding in the worlc of theLord," 1 Cor. 15 :58.Such students have the Spirit indwellingin them and outflowing from tbem atall times—they never grow lired in doingwell. The Master of the school displayedthis in His earthly raission. He never grew•tired and discouraged, always hopefuh alwaysactive—and at last He set His facelike a flint to go to Jerusalera for thesegreat sufferings. Paul took this degree;he was instant in season and out of season.Eead the Second Corinthians andsee what his constant ministry was.Dr. Cuyler wrote onee of a Lake Mohonkspring thus: "Yesterday I saw acool, sparkling spring at Guyot's Hill,from which flftybeautiful Alderney cowsdrink on every hot day, mOrning and evening.It is always briraraing full, and nowintry frosts lock up its perennial flow."Are you such a spring in the service ofJesus Chrisi?How raany in Church life are Uke theGalatians—"Ye did run well for a tirae"!The always-abounding studenis are goodthe whole year round. What is the secretof the two A. ? The "always abiding" ofJohn 15. He who understands the "alwaysabiding" raust possess it. "I know.how to abound," cried Paul, and take thesereadings from his pen: 2 Cor. 9:8, Phil.1:9, Coh 2:7..And a fourth degree is the three A.—"To present you holy and without blemishand unreprovable before Hira," Col. 1:32."That ye may be blameless and harmlesschildren of God without blemish,"PhU. 2:15. I caU it the A. A. A. (threeA.) degree. Why? If you are a Greeksiudent, you know tbat in eacb of thesecases the Greek word begins with the letter"A." For exaraple, talce Colossians, thewords are "Agioi, Araoraoi, Aneg klatoi"(holy, free frora bleraish, unreprovable).The sarae is true of tbe passage in thePhilippians. Tbe Greek student will findraany of these in Paul's writings.It is a very bigh degree—one whoreaches it has attained nearly the goal ofour present age—life. But it is attainable.He gives us the rigbt to becorae this,and as Beecher used to say, "Every man

has a right to become all tbat it is possiblelo becorae."No one can take this degree wbo is nota B. S. and an A. A., and, as I bave said,the B. A. is tbe foundation of thera all.Is there not something in the discipleshipthat ealls for the fullest ambition thatany man possesses ? And are we striving toattain it and be considered worthy to reachthat age whicb will abound wilb life andlove for study and service ?J. W. F. Carlisle.Newburgh, N. Y.OUE EEPEBSBNTATIVES.Perhaps, ere this, the clerk of the SyrianComraission will have given you areport of the annual raeeting held in Latakiathe last of March.I want you all to see the raerabersofthe Comraission. Mr. Dodds took a nuraberof negatives when he was in Latakia,and now it is a pleasure to raeto lel yousee sorae of the photos. Sorae one raaysay, "How did be take his own picture?"He arranged the caraera and then tookhis place in tbe group, wbile another person"pressed the bulb," and the work wasdone. He brought the undeveloped plalestwo days over the mountains to me, and Ihave raade all possible baste, to developthe "negative" side of these gentleraen,and at once proceeded to print the "positive"side, wbich is raore satisfactory tothe general public.Seated in the upper row is Eev. E. J.Dodds, of Mersina, who was elected Moderatorof the Commission tbis year. Athis right sils Dr. W. M. Moore, of Cyprus,who is Clerk. In front of the Clerk sitsEev. C. A. Dodds, who is tbe junior missionaryin Latalcia. At Ms left is Eev. J.S. Stewart, of the sarae place. Dr. J. M.Balph, of the Latakia Hospital, is lookinggravely over bis spectacles, while at hisside is seated Eev. J. Boggs Dodds, ofMonographs. 181iH^B^MU^ g . J i^^. ^^H['*' !• ^^^^^Bc ' ^ ' ^ V ^ ^ ^ U M hm ^ s w B i ^H M M Bm ^ ^ ^ ^ F^^^^^^HHBBfl^l^^^^^^^^^^H'Suadia. From this group we all missthe genial face of the Eev. Henry Easson,of Cypras. I understand that a suitableminute* was incorporated in the recordsconcerning his absence.Mr. Dodds brings back to me a glowingaccount of the happy meeting of the twenty-tworaissionaries and children whomyou see in picture No. 2. It was only thelong two days' horseback ride over roughmountain paths, witb three children, tbatkept raeaw^ay frora this "oasis" of socialand spiritual pleasure that they all enjoyed.You will join with raein lookinginto their faces, and in iraagination wecan see thera in their busy, congenialraeetings. Nor is tbis group corapletewithoui those faithful ones who are nowon their way home because of failure inhealth—Eev. and Mrs. H. Easson, whotoiled so many years in Syria, and yetagain in Cyprus.You will recognize the six gentlemenalready mentioned in tbe picture of tbeCoraraission, slanding in the rear. MissAVillia Dodds, Matron of the Hospitahstands in this back row with ber threereverend cousins. At the rigbt of tbepicture is Mrs. C. A. Dodds and theirbaby, ilary Letitia. Next to her is Mrs.

182 Monographs.Moore with their two little girls, Marieand. Jessie, in front of her, and tbeir onlyson. Merle, at ber left. Mrs. Slewart, withCharles and Eobert near ber, is next.Tben comes Miss WyUe and Mrs. Balpb,with Davida Dodds, of Mersina, behindher and Davida's sister Lulu in front.iliss Edgar, witb Elizabeth Stewart, infront of her, occupies the seat at the extremeleft.Their raeeting wdll be a happy raeraoryfor raany a raonth. Doublless eacb visitorhas returned to his fieldof labor to findwork awaiting hira, but we believe thateacb one will have a renewed irapulse fora raore deterrained, prayerful effort lo fulfillthe coraraission which, as your representative,has been undertaken in a foreignland.Sorae of us here wish that W9 couldshare in the sweets of spiritual and socialgatherings sueh as this raeeting. Soraeof you long to be "in the battle line," butyou are not perraitted. For all such ithas been written, "She that tarried athorae divided the spoil."Myrta May Dodds.HOW OUE CHEISTIANS DIED INNOETH CHINA.The stories of sorae of the raartyrsarealraost incredible were it not that we knowthey bave been paralleled all down theages, and that God is with His own. Ourcourier, a fine little man called Fan, whohas carried our letters between Yen Shan,Ts'ang Chow, and Tientsin for a longtirae back, and who was the soul of thoroughness,loyalty and honesty, was one ofthe heroes. He was reraarkable for hisfreedora from the national characteristicof raoney-loving, and has often refusedextra pay and "tips" on the score thathe had done nothing to deserve thera, anddid not need thera—in his case a finalrefusal, and not raerelypoliteness.

He was caught and placed in a deephole, dug for the purpose, standing upright,but with bis bead below the levelof the surrounding field. Earth was filledin up to his knees, and be was asked torecant, bul refused; then to his hips, buthe still refused; then to bis chin, anda last offer made of life and liberty if hewould deny his Master. The brave fellowagain refused, and was thereupon buriedalive.Our old Yen Shan gatekeeper was anotherwhose death-story bas been ascertained.He was an ugly, strange-lookingmortal, and one would not have expectedhim to show up as he did. The Boxerstold him to sing, and let tbem hear hisskill at it. Tbere, witb tbe Boxers, swordin band, standing round, he startedcheerily in his none too tuneful voice^though tuneful in Heaven's ear, then—to sing, "He leadeth me. He leadeth rae."They applauded, and told bim to go aheadagain; so he sang, "Heaven is my Home,"to the air of "Home, Sweet Horae."Just think of tbe wonderful strangenessof it all, >and tbe nearness at that raoment,in this far-off Chinese town, of thesweetness of Heaven and the boundlessdarkness and cruelty of hell! He sangbrightly to tbe end, and after a round ofapplause they did tbeir worst; but it wasa lamentable failure from their point ofview if they had only understood, was notit ? They simply sent him into the presenceof his waiting Lord to receive tbe"Well done," that would glad his soul forever.A young and pretty school girl had asomewhat similar end. The Boxers inthe district where she was living with hermother were massacring the Christiansthere, and amongst others seized herMonographs. 183mother and herself. Whilst negotiationsof some kind were going on for ransomingsorae of the family, tbe raother and daughtergol aw^ay a little, but were soon noticedand pursued. The raother wasspeedily overtaken and killed, but the girlgot on a bit further before she, too, wascaught up. Facing her pursuers boldlyshe said: "You can kill me if you like,but firstlet rae sing and pray." In this,for sorae strange reason, they huraoredher, and she sang a hyran, which is onlyrecorded in heaven, and then knelt do"wnto pray. Probably, while she was praying,they fell on ber and killed her.Our young Ts'ang Chow preacher wasanotber victira. He was seized in a distantcity by raen wbo had beard be was apreacher of the gospel. This he did notatterapt to deny, but stood boldly for hisfaith. They cut off bis ear, and saidraockingly: "Are you slill a preachernow?" "Yes," he said, "1 ara. I'U preachtoyou if you'll listen." But they wouldnot wait for raore, and killed hira on thespotiAnother raan in Yen Shan, a colporteur,also preached boldly to the end, evento the very men who were slashing him"with their swords. There are otber caseisjust as splendid, but I have not got the detailsat hand, so cannot lell you aboutlhem. Sorae of the Bible woraen, especially,were very heroines.But I think the case that appealed lorae raost was that of a bright-faced, prettyyoung woraan, who had been married justbefore the troubles into a family whichwent over to the Boxers as a whole, andenthusiastically. She bad been betrothedto tbis Boxer husband, as he afterwardsbecame, ever since her infancy. We donot interfere in these national and familycustoras, even in cases lilce this; so, althoughshe was one of the brightest andmost hopelul school girls, she was marriedaway into this heathen family. Her busbandtreated her vilely, threatening oftento kill her. The whole faraily took a de-

184 Monographs.ligbt in persecuting her, and she was theonly Chrislian in the village. They triedto talce her boolcs away, but she threatenedsuicide, and they had only too rauch causeto fear it was not idle talk. She kept herhyran boolc and Testaraent, tberefore, andfound rauch corafort therein. It raade raewonder whetber I valued raine enough andmy liberty lo read it when and how Iliked. After the troubles were over shecarae to stay in Yen Shan with her raotherfor a while, but was very soon to returnto her heathen horae again. She wasbrave and bright about it, trusting in Godlo help her, but it raade one's heart acheto look at her and tothink of all she badbefore her, and she alone and unaided asfar as fellow-Christians were concerned.Oh, the woraen of China! What needtbere is for the gospel here to raise theirsocial status and their individual livesand horaes! Pray for this young wifeand her horae, that God raay bring thewhole faraily to Hiraself as a result ofher influence and exaraple.—Dr. A. D.Peill in London Chronicle.THE FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH.Jesus Christ is the foundation of ourfaitb and of everything else that is toabide. "Other foundation can no raanlay than that is laid, which is JesusChrist." But our belief in Chrisi restsupon a belief'that in the Scriptures wehave a faitbful presentation of who andwhal Christ is; and this belief rests upona yet deeper foundation; a belief that tbeScriptures are tbe word of the AbsolutelyTruthful One.This lowest foundation the bighercritics bave tried to underraine, and intoo raany cases have succeeded. Tbe atteraptis a raaster siroke of the great adversary;for if this deepest foundationcan be destroyed, then the credibility ofthe Scriptures, the Christ of -the Scriplures,and faith in tbat Chrisi all tumblein one comraon ruin. However, there arecoraforting evidences that tbe highercritics have had their day, the attack hasabout spent its force. For sorae yearspast they have done the talking; now,evangelical scholarship, aroused at last,and arraed wilh the weapons of truth, descendsinto the arena, and the faces of thecritics begin lo gather paleness.But mightier than any other weapon atthe preseni tirae is the spade of tbe excavator.This is fast digging down thewall which the critics have reared betweenraan and God, exposing their spurioustheories and la}dng bare their refuges oflies. But the check has not come untilrauch mischief has been done. Like thePharisees of old, the critics outwardly appearbeautiful, and, like them, have spreadthe contagion of their corrupting influencefar and wide. Now we see the leavenw^orking in the raasses. In the churchesthere is an alarraing tendency to doubtcertain parts of the Word of God, arrogantlyto judge as to whal the Bible oughtto teach and to discredit in general thetrustworthiness of the Book. It is notstrange, therefore, that tbere are no powerfulrevivals of religion. How can there bewhere such teachings have found acceptance?Discredit the Word of God, andthe present state of the Churcb logicallyfollows: spiritual stagnation, forraalism,worldliness and godlessness. And yet thepreseni state of tbe Cburch is nol whollya consequence of the higher criticisra,but a cause as well, for only a backsliddenchurch would entertain suchteachings.The higher critics deserve no othernarae than destructive critics, for theirwhole work is pulling down. Tbey buildnotbing to replace what they pull down.Sorae one bas said they are like raen inraid-ocean, standing on the only rock that

Monographs. 185offers any safety, hewing off piece afterpiece and calling to one another in gleefulsatisfaction at seeing the fragmentsdisappear in the great deep; and all thewhile wholly oblivious of the fact thatthey are cutting away the only foundationon which tbeir own feet can restiMany persons, who call themselves devoutChristians and shudder al the sacrilegeof the critics, are on the same platformwilh the critics without knowing itiThe light and flippant way in wbich certaindistasteful passages of the Word areset aside, smacks strongly of bighercriticisra. For exaraple, such passages asthose in which Paul speaks of woraen"keeping silence in the church," being "insubjection to tbeir own husbands; if theywould know anything lel thera ask theirhusbands at horae," and sorae olher passagesof kindred iraport, are disraissedwith a sneer or sel down as raerely tbewhims of a bachelor, who was incapableof a fair discussion of such themes. Someone has said that Paul would be satisfledwilh sorae woraen knowing very lillie, if alllhey were to be perraitted to know had tobe learned frora their husbands. It wouldbe quite as interesting to bear Paul discusssorae raodern theories as to hear raoderntheorists discuss Paul, and infinitelymore instructive. Paul spoke irom God,and while it is freely conceded that in hisepistles are many things "bard to be understood,"yet the way to deal with themis not to ignore thera or conteraptuouslyreject thera. If the apostle Peter foundsome of Paul's writings difficult to explain,it ougbt not to be considered a humiliatingconcession for uninspired menand women to admit as much. But inPeter's day there were those wbo"wrested" tbose hard sayings of Paul "totheir own destruction," so he says, andfurther he tells us tbat tbe wresting wasbv tbose wbo were "unlearned and unstable."Were he living now, he wouldprobably say the sarae thing about thosewho still wrest the Scripiures in preferencelo sacrificing their opinion. "Unleamedand unstable"—to be accused of irapiety isnol half so disgraceful as to be chargedwith being unlearned in these days.Peler tells us in his seeond epistle that"No prophecy of the Scriptures is of anyprivale interpretation," that is, they werenot the opinions of the men who wrotethem. The writers doubtless believed whatthey wrote and underslood it in part.But the Scriptures are not the opinions ofraen, however wise and good they raayhave been. Tbe raind of God was backof the raan working tbrough and directingthe human raind. "No prophecy evercame by the will of raan, but raen spakefrora God, being raoved (liome along) bythe Holy Ghost" (2 Pet 1:21.) Ifthey were borne along by the Holy Ghost,then they were guided and controlled, notonly in what they thought, but -also inwhat they said, and in the way tbey saidit. Anything short of this fails of verbalinspiration, and to abandon verbal inspirationis to give up the inerrancy of theBible. If the Holy Spirit indicted thethoughts, but left the raen to express thosethoughts as best tbey could, we raay concludethat there are raany raistakes in theoriginal raanuscripts. Misunderstandingsdaily occur because honest and intelligentraen fail to clearly convey to olhersthethoughts that are in their own rainds.In 1 Cor. 2:12-13 the apostle Paul de-"clares for verbal inspiration "which thingsalso we speak, not in words, which man's"vrisdom teacheth, but which the HolyGhost teacheth, coraparing (raargm combining)spiritual things with spiritual."The words as well as tbe thoughts weretaught by the Holy Ghost.Many things in the Bible that thecritics think unbelievable are not so; for

186 Monographs.the reason that Christ, the perfect man,believed them. If He did not believe theratben we must attribute to Hira an insinceritysuch as must destroy all confldencein Hira. Euskin says: "Great men do notplay stage tricks with doctrines of life anddeath." If Christ was the perfect man webelieve Him to have been, then He didnot trifle with these great matters. Hedid nol speak of tbings as facts, whicbHe knew to be myths. Men say they cannotbelieve the story of tbe flood; Cbristbelieved it. They cannot believe tbe accountof the destraction of Sodora andGoraorrah; Christ believed and spoke ofil as a fact. They cannot believe aboutJonah and the fish;Christ believed it andtaught that il was figurativeof Himself.They cannot believe lhal the mercifulFather bas in all His universe such aterrible place as hell; Chrisi believed itand tbey too will sorae day be thoroughlyconvinced of il if lhey do not cease disbelievingit. Christ believed in tbe verbalinspiration of the Scriptures, His apostlesunder the guidance of the Spirit believedin it, and why sbould not we also believeinU?G. M. Eobb.Syracuse, N. Y.THE NEEDS OF A SABBATHSCHOOL.Cheerfully do we admit tbat the Sabbathschool is doing great good in a greatmany ways. The machine is working andworking pretty well, but the work is notperfect. Since we are not speaking of"the model school, whicb is exceptional, butof the average schooh and the average conditionof the school, we feel al liberty lotry to point out some of its needs by wayof improvementi ratber than to show anythinglacking in it.A school cannot exist without pupils,and one of tbe raost needed iraproveraentsis in the way of numbers. We hear muchof tbe overcrowded eondition of our publicschools, where the children are almosttrampling each other, of our well-packedindustrial schools, and of the increasedcapacity of our reformatories; but wherewill we flnd an overcrowded Sabbathschool? Tbey are, indeed, exceptional.Scarcely one but could count row after rowof empty chairs, and it is our own fault.We who are Sabbatb school workers arenot earnest enough in compelling tbem tocome in, and in holding tbose who are alreadyin our schools. We need more consecrationand willingness to sppnd and bespent. We do not always look after theabsentees with any degree of thoroughness.Pupils stay away, but are not followedup. Slaying away for a time, theybecome indifferent and, unless carefullyfollowed, they infer that lhey are notwanted very rauch and reraain away.Through carelessness dozens are not lookedafter, and then after a while they are ratedas nol worth carrying, and their naraesare dropped. Of course, absentees cannotbe continued forever, but it is belter tohold the name and strive again and againfor them. It is not the work of one morethan another, and until we are ready tobestir ourselves more than most of us do intbis matter, the erapty chairs will reraain—a silent testimony against "those whoare at ease in Zion."No institution of learning is managedto the grealest good of all concerned withouta head, wbo is masler of details andhas system in his work. Aside from thepaslor there is no officer in tbe local cburchwhose responsibility is equal to tbat of theSabbaih school superintendent. Tbe toilersof the vineyard in the days tbat are tocorae, with few exceptions, are affected bybis influence, and their usefulness is largelydeiermined by the wdsdom and zeal wilbwhich he pursues his work. Portunate

Monographs. 187for the scbool and church will it be, if themagnitude of this responsibility is mademanifest to his own soul, and the necessityof Divine help realized.In bis work the superintendent shouldbe deflnite and bave promptness and precision.He should consult often with histeachers and strive to keep his scbool andits work before the eyes of the coraraunity.Ours is the age of specialists, and thesuccessful man is be -n'ho is wholly consecratedto one work. So with the Sabbathschool superintendent. He does not holdall the offices of the cburcb, doing a littleof everything and not much of anything.Let him say, "This one thing I do."His work sbould receive undivided attention.Who is equal to the task, saveonly be whose heart is fully devoled to tbeglory of God and tbe salvation of souls?Pushing bis plans with tireless energy, biswork continually sbould absorb bis bestthoughts. Being in unbroken contact withthe Divine Spirit, be is endued with wisdomand power, and knows naught butsuccess.Next to the superintendent, the successof the Sabbath school depends largely onits teachers. Whole books have been writtenon the subject of teachers and teaching.We do not pretend to enumerate alltheir necessary qualiflcations. They shouldbe chosen with utmost care. Tbeir personalpiety. Scriptural knowledge, naturalfeelings, study time, physical strength,home demands and class calling tiraeshould all be considered, together with thepossession of a beart burdened witb a desirefor tbe salvation of others. Asteachers we must study the children underour care; study them mentally, and studythem spiritually, with a love that does notdrop at the church door, but follows themthrough the week. Our ideal of a Sabbathschool teacber is high, but why not? Istheirs not God's work, and is that notworthy tbe very best ? We may ask, "Whois sufficient for these things ?" and the replyshould be, "Not I, but Christ thatdwelleth in me.""The Church needs teachers; teachers whosball shapeThe doubtful destinies of dubious years.And land the bark that bears the soul'sbest goodSafe on God's peaceful Ararat at last.If we indeed will act as teachers should.If we indeed will wrestle, toil and striveTo help our younger fellow-mortals on.Our feel at last shall stand on jasperfloors;Our hearts at lenglh shall seem a thousandbearts.Each single beart with myriad rapturesfllled.While we sball sit crowned by the Kingof kings,Eich in tbe jewels rare of ransomedsouls."There is a difference of opinion as towhat should be laught in the schools. Thatis a malter to be determined by eacb schoolfor itself. Sorae people prefer a gradedsystera of instruction; others follow theinlernational course. But while we areall Bible students, some of us are failing inour efforts to teach the Bible. We do notmean that we do not teach the Bible tosome extent, but we are not all giving theknowledge of the Bible as a book that weshould. It is possible for tbe pupil tohave some knowledge of the extract fromthe Bible which is found on the lesson leaffrora Sabbath to Sabbath, and yet bave nocomprehensive knowledge of the Bible as awhole, or even of the location of the selectionprinted on the leaf. In some schoolsthere are few Bibles and those possessedare seldom used by the pupils duringtbe study hour. Tbe Sabbath school hasa loose joint at this point. We need toraake more of the book in the class, for

188 Monographs.the school fails in a considerable degree inits fundaraental work if it does nol raakethe pupil farailiar with the book ofbooks as a book.We should tighten tbis joint by usingtbe Bible in the class and gelling thepupils to use it at horae, and better resultswill follow.Tben there is a general failure to indoctrinatethe pupils by teaching themthe doctrines of our own denoraination,and particularly those that are peculiarand distinguish us frora otber Christiandenorainations. Every pupil shouldknow what his church teaches as its fundaraentaldoctrines. Otherwise tbe pupilcannot give an intelligent stateraent oftbese dograas, and cannol give a good reasonfor being connected with it rather thanwith sorae other branch of the ChristianChurch.We teachers have an opportunity and aduty in this regard. We raust instruct thechildren in these doctrines, and presentthe evidence to prove that they are correct.This raeans, of course, that the catechismshould not be neglected, as is too oflen thecase. If pupils were well grounded inthe teachings of the Church, there wouldbe less complaint that they stray away toother folds.As teachers we can never be too frequentlyor forcibly rerainded of the powerof indirect training. Be what we say andour pupils will know it right well. Butsay the raostbeauliful and orthodox words,while yet not living thera, and they willknow that too. "Be thou the trutb thylips proclaim."Now, even in a well-appointed school,tbere is one thing that can be laught intbis way, and that is reverence. There isan almost shocking laclc of reverence insorae Sabbath school children. How frequentlywe see a school engaged, apparently,in praising the Lord. But bowabont the boys who calraly took tbeir hatsand left the room wiihout so much as adetaining glance from their teacher^ andthe girls who took this time to gather upbooks, adjust wraps and exchange confldences?Yes, and how about the Bibleclass leacher who may have jusl reviewedthe lesson so ably ? For even as the strainsof good "Old Hundred" rolled forlh, hetook his hat and started for the door,reaching it just as the grand ascriptioncarae lo ils close. What had tbe good manjust been teaching ? A lesson so grand, sotender, so full of holy power that any soultaking in even a little of its gracious meaningcould but be filled wilb praise andthanksgiving. Yel while tbe volume ofpraise rolled forlh the teacher turned hisback upon it all. It was all unconsciouslydone, no doubt, and revealed a lack oftraining in reverential ways in childhood,which it were a pity to perpetuate. Butwho can wonder that cbildren follow deedsrather than words? Given a Sabbathschool in which officers and teachers arereverent in word and deed, and -will not areverent scbool follow?The making of offerings in Sabbaihschools should occupy a place of prorainencebecause of the iraportance of thegrace of liberality and the honor it giveslo God. The Bible enjoins Chrislian giving,and il is a check to selfisbness. Thisbeing true, the poorest cbild should behelped and encouraged to raake sorae offeringto the Lord's cause.Our pupils are nol all trained to attendthe preaching services of the cburchas they sbould be. To see this as true, it isonly necessary lo look at tbe averagechurch congregation. Coraparatively fewof the younger pupils are there. Tbe resultis tbat the minister bas little chanceto irapress the young people of tbe schoolby tbe discourses be delivers. The Sabbathscbool is not a substitute for the preaching

service. The pupils sbould hear thepreaching of tbe pastor.• Do we seem to bave enough prayer inthe general exercises of our schools? Itisn't rigbt to leave it all to be done by tbeofficers, eitber. The teachers should beready to respond when called upon. Anyteacher who will not, is certainly out of hisor her element in the Sabbatb scbool.If prayer is necessary in tbe scbool, howvastly more important it is outside. Thatteacher is not worthy tbe name of teacherwho does not bear her own pupils andthe school's welfare to the throne of gracein prayer. We sbould corae frora ourknees to our classes. In our cburch wehave a teachers' prayer meeting for a fewminutes immediately before tbe school begins,and we bave found it both a blessingand a belp. Truly it has been said, "Morethings are wrought by prayer than tbisworld drearas."Now, if we bave succeeded in mentioningany needful iraproveraents that raaybe acted upon or in giving even one ideathat will prove helpful to any one, the endof this paper will bave been accoraplished.One tbing we must remember, there canbe no relaxation in the successful Sabbathschool. "All at it and always at it" is agood motto for us in tbe work. We mustbe constantly putting forth new effortsand new energies, cementing them all withmucb fervent prayer. "Let us advanceupon our knees," and taking all our failuresto God, be careful to give to Him oursuccesses. Lel us do our best and thenwith bumble hearts say, "Not unto us, 0Lord, not unto us, but to Thy name givethe glory."(Miss) May Allen.OUE SENIOE "JUNIOR."Dear Boys of the "Mission Bands":The tallest boy and tbe smaUest donkeywere farailiar attractions to rusticatingMonographs. 189raissionaries last suraraer in the raountains.For three suramers the lillie blackdonkey, with its rider, bas skipped up anddown the mountain paths with perfectease. Bul as the donkey doesn't grow andthe boy does, and very rapidly, too, thequestion is how soon it will be before thedonkey will walk from under the boy.Ferhaps the well-trained donkey will boldher own (rider) obediently, until someday she tbinks ber raaster is tall enough,and old enough, and smart enough, forcollege; then she may be like "grand-•• ^ '„wKL^lf &^Ar"Itl'-'•^'^^ K^M"' ^' ' '^k wBBi AWS. ^ t «'"i ,! -in' ^ ^^p •, ^ '"-^ ~,^ ^ l ^ \m • K ^ m m W^^^Bk^ ' '^ s ^^ IM £ r/>'l ^^ ^ m 1^^^*mr£^K. ^^9 l^d ^H r " %^U K>-«,H jt ^ ^ m m K^^^p%^^ B^8 H !htUtg^ ''^ ^^1 ^M flB/^^lmm^^^^mS^^^f^ W-ji^jm^^^J^^y^ ^^W'^ ^. "^" ~~«^^^^yj-'f^'/Rw^k!k^^^1 *ZT^wf *

190 Monographs.great Mediterranean Sea and ride a prettylittle blaek donkey on old Mt. Cassiusin Turkey, I would be supreraely bappy ?"That does sound roraantie! But let metell you, Charles and all the otber missionaries'cbildren here are thousands ofmiles—now, you all bunt it up and seejust bow many thousands of miles tbeyare from the good schools you attend andenjoy. And he will be just the same nuraberof thousands of railes away frora bisraother and father wben he gets too lallto ride his donkey, for then he must leavethera and go far, far away to school."Does Charles know Arabic?"Yes, be speaks Arabic as well as Bnglish,and I think that he knows a littleTurkish and Arraenian, too."Can he swira?"Yes, he can "swira like a fish," and socan Wycliffe Dodds. Last suraraer Wycliffeand he, wilb otbers, used to swimseveral times a week in tbe MediterraneanSea."Can he skate?"Well, if he did skate while in Americatbree years ago, I think be has forgottenhow, for we have no ice or snow on theplains bere—and oh, how we long to seetbem, too! I really believe tbal we wouldbeartily enjoy seeing a good "Kansas blizzard"to cool us off and to freeze the raalariaout."Where does he go to school ?"At borae in his father's study. Ourboys have no schoolmates to cheer themon. They must dig and delve alone."What does he eat?"He likes the good Yankee pies andcookies that you like so well, but he canexcel you, for be likes Kibbe, Hellowie,Bukalowie, Kanaffee, Mesha, Yahne, Flafla,Earaands (poraegranales), etc., notone of which a new raissionary likes atfirst."What does he wear ?"He wears American clothes like yourown, but he does not get them here. Wemothers out in Syria bave to always wearour "thinking caps." If we didn't ourboys would be "too big for tbeir boots"long before tbe next pair arrived.Last week I sent our order for shoes,stockings, pants, coats, hats, suspenders,thread, buttons, umbrella, flour,sugar, tea,butter, lard, oat flake,books, coffee miU,pot Uds, combs, calico, etc., which wewill need next year. Now, don't you thinkwe housekeepers need to wear our "thinkingcaps" ? If we did not send for thingsour boys would be sick for lack of properfood, and very poorly shod tbey would bein this part of Turkey.Tbis. one inslance will show you howlong it takes lo get our things. When wewere coming back to Syria in 1900 wesailed from New York Sept. 1. We hadin our boxes some clotbes for Cbarles, forwbicb bis raother must bave written theorder not laler than June or July. Ourgoods arrived in Alexandretta, Syria, inNoveraber. They were brought on wagonsto Antiocb, where we were anxiously wailing,at the home of Mr. Dodds' sister, Mrs.Kennedy, for the arrival of our flour,etc.,so we could go on to Suadia. They werethen loaded on mules, one box on eilherside of a pack saddle, and through rainand over muddy roads were brougbt on toSuadia. As soon as we could get Ihingsin "living shape," we opened tbe boxes andgot Charles' clolhes ready for the rest ofthe journey to Latakia. After waitingfor several weelcs lo get a rauleteer whowould go, we sent them on to Kessab. Byand by they were taken by anotber rauleteeron lo Latakia. How would you Uketo wait that long for a new coat or a canof butler?Of course those who live on the coast inLatakia or Mersina have seldora any annoyancewith the delays which tbe rais-

sionaries have who live inland, but neverthelessit takes a long time, and tbey mustsend for No. 4 shoes for the boys whilethey still wear No. 3.I think by tbis time you are all satisfledlo let Charles ride his donkey while youstay "at home" and enjoy American freedom.Cbarles is our Senior "Juiuor," theoldest of your missionaries' cbildren, andwill likely be the flrstto join you in yourschool and mission band work.Go on with your good work in your"Band." Remember the thousands ofpoor little boys in this dark land, whoknow nothing about tbe blessings you areso accustomed to, and may many of youflll the places of the noble "band" of missionarieswho work bere now. Your farawayfriend,Myrta May Dodds.WHAT LANGUAGE DID CHRISTSPEAK?Some raonths ago an article was writtenfor The Century on this subject by Mrs.Agnes Smith Lewis. She brings manyarguments to prove that Cbrist spoke theAramaic tongue, wbich was not, as oncepopularly supposed, a corrupt form ofHebrew, but a language as regularlyformed, and with a grammar as distinct,as either Hebrew or Arabic. Mrs. Lewisbases some of her conclusions on the pricelessraanuscripts in the convent of St.Katherine on Mount Sinai, wilh whicb sheis probably more familiar than is anyother European scholar. It was in thisconvent that Mrs. Lewis made one of tbegreatest Biblical discoveries of the century.Under a late and worthless monkishbiography, she found tbe faded letters ofan ancient Syriac text of the four gospels.She took four bundred photographs of themanuscript, whicb proved to be a peculiarand very old version of the gospels of extraordinarvinterest.Monographs. 191HE WOULD NOT SWEAR.Prince Henry was the son of James theFirst; he died when he was only seventeen,to the grief of the nation, as he wasalready a great favorite. He seems to havehad more character than usual amongstthe children of palaces. Swearing was avery common practice in those days, evenamongst young boys wben at tbeir play.The Archbishop of Canterbury mentionedin his sermon, preached after the youngprince's deatb, that Henry had been askedwhy he did not swear in play as well asothers, and that be had answered:"I know no game worthy of an oath."On anotber occasion be gave mucb thesame kind of an answer. The young princewas out hunting a stag, and it happenedthat tbe stag, getting exhausted, crossedinto a glade of the forest, where a butcherand bis dog were passing. Tbe dog sprangupon the stag and killed it. Up came tbehuntsman and company, and when theyfound what bad happened they were indignant,and abused the butcher, trying taincense the prince against tbe man, who,.they said, bad spoilt their sport; but theprince replied quite calmly:"If the butcher's dog killed the stag, thebutcher did not do it; how could he helpwhat his dog has done?"Tbe young men around him said:"If your father had been so served, bewould have sworn so loud and long none ofus would bave been able to endure ourselves!""Away!" rejoined the prince; "all tbepleasure in the world is not worth anoath."—The Watchman.Line upon line, precept upon precept,we must have in a bome. But we mustalso have serenity, peace and tbe absenceof petty fault-flnding, if home is to be anursery fltfor heaven-growing plants.

192 Editorial Notes.EDITORIALNOTES.—Eeaders of Olive Trees who are inarrears for 1901 and have nol yet renewedfor 1903, are requested lo remit whateveris due. If any one has mailed raoney toour address and has not received a forraalacknowledgraent, he should notify us atonce. We invariably send a postal receiptas well as change the dale on the wrapper,tbat there raay be no raistake. Moneyshould not be sent loose in unregisteredletters, as it is liable to be stolen on tbeway, and persons using local cheeks shouldadd ten cenls to cover exchange.—-In the May nuraber of Olive Teeesbrief reference was raade lo a receptiongiven to Eev. and ilrs. S. H. Kennedyat Newman, 111., during their recent visitlo America. The Missionary Record,organ of the Curaberiand PresbyterianBoard of Missions, contains a report ofthe event, frora which we take a sentenceor two: "Mrs. Dodds-Kennedy was forseveral years one of the teachers in ourpublic schools, and left Newraan to godirect lo Mersina, Turkey, eight yearsago. * * * Although not one of ourown raissionaries,being sent out by theBoard of the Eeforraed PresbyierianChurch, her going to the foreign fieldfrom our midst has given a greater impetusto missionary effort in eacb denorainationhere. * * * jjj,g. Dodds-Kennedy spoke to a crowded bouse. Ournewly enlarged auditoriura could not containall who carae. Her husband spokeof the geography of the country and repeatedthe Lord's Prayer and tbe TwentythirdPsalra in Arabic. Then she lold ofvaried work and experiences in that foreigncountry, and dressed up sorae of ourOlive Trees costs only 50 cents.Street, New York.young people in tbe costuraes worn tbereby raen and woraen, giving us quite a praclicalidea of their style of dress. * * *A receplion was tendered the two missionariesby the citizens of Newman, and valuablepresents of silverware and other usefularticles were given them."—The New York Presbylery met inthe Fourth Cburch, New York, Tuesday,May 6, and was in session for two days.The only matter of popular interest thatoccupied tbe time of the court was thelicensure of Mr. S. Edgar. His pieces oftrial were carefully prepared and were deliveredwilh a fire and magnetisra thatcorapelled the closest attention. Everyone was ready lo predict a brilliant futurefor hira as a rainisterof the gospel.Tuesday evening there was a Sabbathschool conveniion held in tbe cburch,which w^as filled witb an attentive andinterested audience: The papers and addresseson sucb themes as "Our Dutyto the Saved," "The Sabbath School Missionary,""The Teacher and His Bible,""The Paslor and the School," and kindredlopics w^ere thoroughly practical and fullof valuable suggestions.—Since last report the following contributionshave been received from theyoung wonien of the Eeforraed PresbyterianChurch towards the salary of theirniissionary for 1903:Mrs. il. B. Latiraer (two years),Eose Point Pa $10.40From the elders towards the salary oftheir missionary for 1903 :Mr. T. G. Grahara, Olathe, Kan.. $5.00Mr. John Eobison, Dresden, 0 4.50Address R. M. Sommerville, 327 West 56lh

O L I V E T R E E SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary Work in the Reformed PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. JULY, 1902.GLORYQUESTIONS OF THE HOUR.OP CHRIST.*Rev. D. C. Martin, D.D.Ex. 33:1S. "I beseech thee, show methy glory." In this brief but comprehensivepetition, Moses expresses his supreraedesire, and I take it he speaks not onlyfor hiraself, but for every Israelite indeed.Into this prayer he puts the yearning,pulsing, throbbing, panting, agonizing desireof his great soul. In it be breathesthe longing desire of the Jiatriot, tbeprophet, the Chrislian. If I were calledupon lo designate the one Divine expression,the one supreme purpose of the and felt the Divine thrill of Jehovah'sChurch of wbicb this court is representative,presence, as Sinai trerabled under theI would give it as my jTidgment thatthis is the text wbich most appropriatelysculpturing of His flerylaw. Whal wonderif such experiences had raade the raeekexpresses her desire; her animating spirit, one bold. Whal wonder if such comraunionand purpose and prayer. had lifted his desire far aboveMethinks I seethe grand old scholar, statesman, poet,prophet, judge, standing before God, forgetfulof all earthly honors, and pouringcomraon Ihings. And as all but the gloryhad been revealed, he longs for what remains.A vision of Jehovah's glory.his enraptured soul into this one petition, What is glory? It is not in service,"0, Jehovab, show me Tby glory." He usefuh meritorious, and necessary thoughhad passed through the most splendid and it be. It is not in suffering, though by ithonored court on earth. Egypt beld tbe a world be redeeraed. The death of tbesceptre of the nations, and Moses was in ^ Cross is still anathema. The teacber isthe grand pageant that moved toward itsthrone. He had spurned its lofty honorsthat he might serve his God and tbe generationof his children. He had met Jehovahthe servant of his pupil. Tbe daysman isthe servant of his client. The substitutethe servant of his principal. His victoriesbring beneflts to others. Where, then, isin the distant desert, and witb un- the glory? It is in the exaltation:the- Semum preaehed at the opening of Synod of ReformedPresbut'Han O/iurcA. Mav. 190i.covered head and unsandaled feel hadseen His holy presence and received the inspirationof his future life.He had been God's vicegerent in thepresence of Pharaoh, while Jehovah's lenjudgments swept the land like as manytornadoes. He had seen the sea open bismouth lo let Israel eseape, and close toswallow Egypt's pride and power. He hadseen the manna and the showers of fleshdescend for Israel in the desert. He badseen the flintyrock burst into a livingfountain under his wonder-working rod.He had heard the thunder, seen the lightcrown, the throne, the royal robe, tbepalm, the sceptre, the triumph, the do-

194 Questions of ihe Hour.minion. Tbis Moses had not yet seen, buthad longed to see. This we have nol yeling creatures fell down and worshippedGod who sat on the throne, saying Araen;seen, but have longed to see. "We see Alleluia! And a voice carae out of thenot yet all tbings put under Him." But throne, saying. Praise our God, all yeby failb we do see Jesus for the sufferingof death crowned with glory and bonor,from henceforth expecting unlil all Hisenemies shall be made the footstool of Histhat fear Him, bolh sraall and great. AndI heard as il were the voice of a great multitude,and as the voice of many waters,and as the voice of raighty thunderings,feet. Moses bad seen the power of Jehovahsaying. Alleluia! for the Lord God oranipotentJesus, but tbere is raorebehind thecloud than even the thunder and lightningand voice and hand reveal. "Tbine is tbekingdora, and the power, and the glory,forever. Araen."It is the "beauty of God," by whichreigneth. Let us be glad and re­joice and give bonor to Hira! for theraarriage of tbe Larab is corae, and hiswife hath raade herself ready." And whenher garraents are wbite wilb the service ofrighteousness, the unity of Christ and Histbe old Arabian swears. Tbe glory of Church will appear as in a marriage, andGod in the heavens, Ihough we' see but the leslimony of Jesus will be indeed theparts of His ways. When Ezekiel saw in very inspiration of the gospel. Tbe gospelthat wondrous vision, the great powers ofwill then no raore be an eraasculatedthe political world moving down fhe ages message, as it is in many cases now. Outunder the dorainion of the four livingcreatures, and heard the roaring of theof Zion the sceptre of Jehovah's powershall be displayed, and in the raidst oflion, and the raging of the bear, saw tbe His enemies He shall be recognized aspatience of the ox, and the proud soaring Sovereign. In the day when His Divineof the eagle, and was filled witb wonder power is exerted, the multitudes shalland astonishraent, above them all, supreme gather unto Flira, in holy beauty, and asand serene, he saw exalted the glory of the dew of the inorning innuraerable.Jehovah. The throne above the sapphire Jesus shall call heaven and earth to witnesspaveraent, and upon the throne the likenessof a raan—the God-raan, above uponit. The person on the tbrone is the saraeas the person described by John in histhat He raay judge His people. Thenthe heavens shall reveal the majesty, andmight, and love, and grace ofthe incarnateWord of God. Then shall Jehovah Jesus,Patraos 'vision. .Eead Eev. 19 :1. "After clothed in the royal purple of His blooddippedthese things I beard a great voice ofraueli people in heaven" (where they seeIhings as they are, and as God sees thera),vesture, ride forlh on His gospel-white horse conquering and to conquer.Then no longer sball He have a meager'' saying, Alleluia ; Salvation and glory following. No longer shall He tread theand bonor and power unto Jehovah, our winepress alone. The sacraraental hostGod. For true and righteous are His shall on while horses gladly follow in Hisjudgraents; for He bath judged the great wake. By the sword of His raouth, thewhore, which did corrupt the earth witbher fornications, and halh avenged theHoly Spirit going forth in Divine powerand activity shall subdue His eneraies asblood of His servants al her hand. And tbey see Hira treading rebels in the winepressagain they said. Alleluia! And hei:of Jehovah's wrath, and read uponsraoke rose up forever and ever. And thefour and Iwenty elders, and the four liv­His vesture and His thigh the insignia ofHis glory, "King of kings, and Lord of

lords!" See yon angel standing in the sun,that all worlds may behold hira, and mayhear his voice. He calls aloud to all thefowls tbat fly in all the heavens, "Corae,gather yourselves to the supper of AlmightyGod. Your feast shall be tbe fleshofkings and captains and mighty men andhorses" (the pride of armies), " and freeand bond and sraall and great." Tbe warclouds gather apace for the flnal conflict.And I saw the beast, and the Icings of theearth, bis allies, and their arraies gatheredtogelher to raake war against Hira that satupon the horse and against His array.The conflict deepens, host hurls itselfagainst contending host. All hell ismoved to raeet Jehovah in tbe final conflict.He wbo has so long held the kingdorasof this world and tbe glory of theraunder his control, will not yield thera upwithout a desperale struggle. See JehovahJesus on His wdiite horse now riding forthconquering and to conquer. See the swordthat glearas from His lips like ten thousandtimes ten thousand tongues of flarae.See, wherever it strikes, whole squadronsQuestions of the Hour. 195faU, or fly, or yield. The arraies of tbealiens are swept frora the fleld by thearra of His oranipotence. The last remnantyields to the sw^ord of His mouth.Satan, theold serpent, the devil, is taken,bound and chained and imprisoned andlocked in, that he may no raore go forthd. c. martin, d.d.as it is in heaven," which is not two, butto deceive the nations as has been his one petition. Christ's prophetic andwont, until a thousand years, shall be fulfiUed.Then sball all earths, shrines andthrones before His footstool and His bannerpriestly work were His hurailiation, butHis glory is in His crown and throne.Because He hurabled Hiraself and becaraefall. "Then shall the glad slave in obedient unto death, even the cross. Godevery clirae lay dowm his broken chain, halh, Iherefore, exalted Hira on highthe tyrant lord bis crown, the priest hisbook, the conqueror his wreath. And froraand written His name above every name,that at the name of Jesus every knee inthe lips of truth one .raighty breath shall heaven, earth and hell must bow, andlike a whirlwind scatter in its breeze thewhole dark pile of human mockeries; thenevery tongue confess that Jesus Christ isSovereign, that God the Father raay beshall tbe reign of Christ coraraence on glorified in Hira. It is the declared purposeearth, and, starting fresh, as frora a sec­of the Father to glorify His Son.ond birth, raan in the sunshine of theworld's new spring shall walk transparent,like sorae holy thing, and gladdened earthsball through her wide expanse bask intbe glory of His countenance."Frayed Moses, "I beseech thee, showrae thy glory." And all Jehovah's goodnesspassed before him, and to him Jehovah'snarae was proclairaed; and hisback parts; that which was and is'to bewas in vision seen, and as we follow onwe learii ir was the glory yet lo be revealed.Following his lips we pray, "Thykingdora eorae, Thy will be done in earth

196 Questions of ihe Hour.Tbe voice that carae frora the excellentglory declared, "I bave both glorifledThee and will glorify Thee again."The prayer of Christ is that this promiseraay be fulfilled. "And now, Father, glorifyThou rae with the glory whicb I hadwilh Thee before the world was." "Andin His glory excellent lel all His saintsrejoice." The tirae is proraised, and sballcorae, when those who claira His salvationshall not be asharaed, bul shall delight lotalk of the glory of His kingdora, and tellof His power. This is the prayer of one,than whora none ever stood nearer to God.In Hira is a glory above the brightnessof the sun.0, Israel, walk thou in tbe ligbt of theLord ! The honorable raan is not satisfiedtbat the favors should be all upon bisside, between hiraself and his fellow raan.The honorable Christian is not satisfiedtbat all the favors should be on his side,and nothing for his Lord and Saviour.He unites with Jesus in the prayer,"Father, glorify Thy Son, that the Sonmay also glorify Thee."Christian brethren, let us be assured weare enlisted in no uncertain cause. Ourwarfare is no doubtful conflict. Tboughwe wrestle not only against flesh andblood and principalities and powers, andthe blinded rulers of this world, andspiritual wickedness in high places, likethe battle of Lookout Mountain, our battleis fought above the clouds. And lo theGod of Israel, the Captain of our salvation,the Mighty One who "rides forlhprosperously in state, shall be ascribed thevictory, and the honor and the giory, worldwithout end. Araen."The effort put forth by the friends ofChrist in various coraraunions, lo securean appropriate acknowledgment of theDivine government by our great nation, ismoved by the desire lo give to Jehovahby the sons of the raighty due glory andpower. It is the effort to secure the answerto the prayer of our text.The raoveraent for Chrislian citizenshipis in the sarae direclion, tbough ratherfeebly. Sorae have turned back, andothers are looking back "faint-hearted" inthe raidst of the conflict. Bul God israarching on. "The fearful and the unbelieving"rank with "the aborainable" inHis sight; they have no place wilh Hira.He shall not fall nor be discouraged untilHe set judgraent in the earth, and the islesshall wait for His law. "And the glory ofthe Lord shall be revealed, and all fleshshall see il logether, for the raouth ofthe Lord hath spoken it."The Spirit teaches us to sing, "A handfulof corn sown on the lops of the mountainsshall shake with fruit as the cedarsof Lebanon. His name shall endure forever;it shall outshine the sun. Men shallbe blessed in Hira; and all nations shaUcaU Hira blessed. Blessed be Jehovah,God, the God of Israeh Who only doethwondrous things. And blessed be Hisglorious narae forever; and let the wholeearth be filled with His glory. Araen andAraen." When and how shall this prayerbe answered ? We answer. When tbis gospelof the Kingdora is preached faithfully,fearlessly and to aU the nations. But itmust be a whole gospel, presenting Christin all His offices, as Propheti Priest andglorious King. Preach the word; it isChrist's Word. Offer salvation by theatoning blood, the blood of Chrisi. Andproclaim Hira the Son of God wUh allpower in heaven and in earth. And whenthe Church of God in truth takes up theprayer of Moses, the raan of God, andprays with her brains, prays with herheart, prays \\-ith her hands, and praysM'ith her means, and prays with her mightthen the heavens shall declare His righteousnessand all men shall see FIis glory.Amen.

News of the Churches. 197NEWS OF THE CHURCHES.ABROAD.EEPOET OF COMillTTBB ON FOE­EIGN MISSIONS.An exaraination of the repori of theBoard of Foreign Missions shows the workin the enlire foreign field to be, in themain, in quite a satisfactory condition.The Board should be comraended for thezeal and carefulness with wbicb lhey havewatched over the interests of the work, andthe missionaries for tbeir abounding andself-sacrificing labors. All the merabersof the Cburcb sbould be urged to read andlo study tbis report, so as lo gain a clearand definite knowledge of tbe fields,tbelabors and the work that is being done.Tbere are a nuraber of encouragingaspects of the work which call for specialraention. Among these we notice tbepassing away of tbe hostile Eussian influence,the increased attendance at theschools, tbe growth in the membership ofthe Churcb, and tbe manifest blessing ofthe Lord upon tbe labors of the missionaries.With a peculiar sense of gratitudelo God we note tbal the flrstfruils havebeen gathered in the Mission at Tak Hing,China, and gladly take this as a promiseby the Lord of the harvest, of a large ingatheringin lhal great fleldalready whiteto tbe harvest.It is to be expected that an expandingwork will have increasing needs, and theChurcb should consider, when planting amission, that il is pledging itself to givewith ever-increasing liberality as the workenlarges. Some of the pressing needs ofthe fleld which call for gifts of moneyshould be noted. There is need of missionproperty owned by the Church in AsiaMinor. The property now used for missionpurposes in Mersina is owned by Mrs.iletheny. The attention of the Cburchshould be called lo this fact, and lo theproposition of Mrs. Metheny to sell theproperty to the Church. We regret thatcircumstances do not seera to warrant usin raaking any recoraraendation at thepreseni tirae, but raay we not confidentlylook to men lo whom the Lord bas entrustedsome of His silver and gold, tomake voluntary contributions so that afund raay soon be gaihered wherewilhraission properly raay be secured ?The need of additional buildings forthe Mission at Tak Hing, Cbina, sbouldalso be noted, and the purpose of theBoard to supply these buildings, not all atonce, but as the funds will allow.A number of acts of comraendable liberalitysbould receive special mention. Mr.Andrew Alexander, Chairman of theBoard, in addition to all his other generousgifls, furnished the entire araountnecessary to erect a horae for Miss Edgar,so lhal sbe raight be raoreconveniently locatedfor supervising her work. ilrs.Alexander has given the full araount loreplace the church which was destroyedby fire a year ago at Larnaca, Cyprus. TheThird Philadelphia congregation agreesto pay the salary of Dr. Wright, who goesto the Mission in China. Doubtless thereare individuals and congregations thatwill be stiraulated by these worthy exarapleslo sirailar acts of liberality.Special attention should be called lothe fact that there is urgent need for increasingthe force of workers. Dr. E. J.Dodds is the only ordained raissionaryinthe enlire fieldof Asia Minor, and the retirementof ilr. Easson leaves the Cyprusfield without an ordained missionary. Theyoung people of the Church should hold

198 News of the Churches.theraselves in readiness to respond to thecall of the Lord to enter these flelds.We recoraraend the following:1. That we record our gratitude to Godfor the success that has attended the laborsof our raissionaries during the past year.3. That we approve the purpose andplan of the Board wilh reference to increasingthe raissionaryforce, wbere il hasbeen weakened, and furnishing raissionarybuildings as the funds will warrant.3. That congregations and societies beencouraged to devise plans for the systeraaticsludy of raissions.4. That the resignation of Dr. J. C.ilcFeeters as a raeraber of the Board ofForeign ilissions be not accepted.5. That E. il. Soraraerville be heard inurging the clainis of the foreign field.R. C. Wylie,J. S. Thompson,John K. Robb,James A. McAteer,J. B. Dodds,Committee.REPORT OF FOREIGN MISSIONBOARD.This is the age of raissionaryactivity.Under the guidance and control of a goodhope that this 20th century shall witnessthe conversion of the world, the Church ofJesus Christ is reaching out in everydirection. The watchword of the hour isforward, and w'e, in coraraon with otherdenominations, ean discern steady advance.A seeming defeat now and thencan no raore delay ultiraate victory thanthe moraentary reflux of the waves eanprevent the incoming tide frora reachinghigh-water mark.The work in Syria has been conduetedwith good results. It has had its discouragingfeatures, but the Russian influence.spoken of a year ago as threateningdisaster to the sehools has to a large extentpassed away. Tbe average attendanceat the Latakia day school for boyswas 45, nearly double that of the previousyear, while many applicants for adraissionto the boarding departraent, not afew of thera frora localities where thedensest ignorance prevails, had to be refused.It was a great trial to Miss Edgar,who has been entrusted with this branchof the work, and olher raerabers of theilission, to send these lads back to theirheathen hoines to reraain uller strangersto the light and regenerating power of thegospel. Forty-four boarders were received,of whora only eight have tbeirhorae in Latakia. On ber return froraAraerica last Septeraber, Miss Wylie resumedher place at the head of the girls'school, and has had ninety-five under hereare, sixty of them boarders. Tbeseschools are nurseries for the little congregationin town, sorae of tbe pupils beingadraitted on profession of faith in Christto the full privileges of tbe church everyyear.There are other schools in the southernpart of this field: at Tartoos, whereLicentiate Juraidiny reports an enrolledattendance of 110 pupils, wbo also attendSabbath school and the preachingservices, and in the raountain villages ofthat vicinity.The Lord's Supper was administered atTartoos, Inkzik and Gunaimia, as wellas Latakia, and twelve were received inlothe fellowship of the Church, raaking apresent total of 197 native coraraunicants.ilr. Stewart preaches in Latakia everySabbath, except when he is visiting outstations,and then service is conducted byLicentiate Salera Saleh. In case neitherof thera can be present, the brethren holda soeial prayer nieeting. When Mr. C. A.Dodds has a little raore experience in theuse of Arabic, he will be able to occupythe pulpit, and there need only be an oc-

casional interruption of the preachingservice.In last repori reference was raade tothe partial destruction of the house atBahamra. Tbe American Consul aftervisiting the place presenled the raatterto the Govemor of Latakia, and subsequentlythe authorities at Beirut, "andfinally succeeded in having orders issuedfor the protection of the property and thedisraissal of the chief of the raountedpolice who headed the party that coraraittedthe trespass." At this village thereis an evangeUst located who preachesevery Sabbath, and during the week visitsNeivs of the Churches. 199other localities in the mountains. Buthere, as elsewhere among the Nusairia,the moveraents of the raissionaries areunder the constant espionage of the Turkishauthorities. A few raonths ago theBoard requested the Syrian Mission toconsider whether it raighl nol be a goodplan for C. A. Dodds lo raake his horae inthe raountains among the pagan Nusairia.But in their opinion and for very satisfactoryreasons, such a step would be unwiseat the present time. "He can," however,in the language of their official reply,"raake a trial of work araong theNusairia by means of lours of from oneto two weeks each, and in the course of afew years spent in such work we will beable to decide intelligently whether itwould be advisable for hira to talce up hisresidence at Baharara." In any event, ourrepresentatives in that field raust devisesorae plan by which we can more fully dischargethe obligation, sacred and imperative,that tbe Lord has laid on us to evangelizethat pagan race.In Suadia Center the work is not withouttokens of the Divine favor. The annualstatement of the ilission lays eraphasison two points that are full ofproraise: A Bible class of over one hundredworaen raeets with Miss Cunningharaevery week for special instruction,and this in the face of priestly prohibition,and "there are raany indications thatthe -(vord is taking effect." The otherpoint is the increased attendance uponthe preaching of the gospeh and this is"of special note, because that during thevisit of the Greek Patriarch, which occurreda little over a year ago, he enjoinedthe people of his charge to stay away entirelyfrora bolh the school and the religiousservices." Mr. Dodds also holdsraeetings during the week in privatebouses for the exposition of the word andprayer. The Lord's Supper was adrainisteredin Noveraber, and five, includingone girl frora the Nusairia, have beenadded to the raerabership of the church,raaking twenty-three coraraunicants.The girls' sehool reports eighteen boardersand thirty day pupils, and the nativeteacber is specially coraraended as "raostdiligent in training the girls in Bibleknowledge and in Christian living"—"herexaraple a source of help and strengih lous all." In the boys' school there aretwenty-five boarders, of whora eighteenare Fellaheen and nineteen day pupils.The annual stateraent frora Asia Minoris a raost interesting paper. With theexception of Tarsus, where the peopleseera hard to reach, and consequently thelicentiate, "though exceptionally gentleand iiatient, often feels much disheartened,"the work seems lo be in a mostproraising, not to say fiourishing,condition.In Mersina, with an estiraatedArabic-speaking population of 10,000,there are two schools in successful operation,one for boys with 140 pupils, halfof thera boarders, in charge of Miss Mc­Naughton, and the other for girls, with100 pupils, half of thera boarders, in chargeof iliss Sterrett. These raissionariesholdlaborious positions, bul are sustained andstiraulated in their labors by the progress

200 News of the Churches.of the children in their religious studiesand by seeing sorae of thera decide forChrisi and bravely enroll tberaselvesaraong His people every year.In this city, an iraportant coraraercialseaport and the gateway to all places ofiraportance on the Cilician plains, the gospelhas been regularly preacbed in theMission chapel. Frequent visits bave beenraade to Nusairia villages, and the sacramentshave been dispensed al all the outstations.Within two years thirty-twohave been added to the cburch on confessionof faith, making a present raerabershipof eighty-eight coraraunicants.Mr. Dodds thus describes the outlookin Adana and the Auba: "Three yearsago there was not a coraraunicant inAdana. In tbe spring of 1900 we wereable to report six. Now there are twenty.Of these, six are direct fruit of work donein Mersina, not in Adana. Three of thetwenty are Syrians, the rest are Kurds,and we are beginning to hope that weshall soon have the joy of seeing sorae ofthe Nusairia added to the number of thebelievers in Adana."All who have been converted at firstregarded us with disfavor and distrustThey had, however, the Berean readinessto search the Scriptures lo see whalground we had for what we hold. Theyhave grown to love the Bible, andwherever they are scattered in the summer,they carry it with thera. Forraerlylhey hardly knew whal the Bible was. Itis this delight in the Word of God andearnestness in its use that gives us hopefor the Adana church."The narae Auba signifies cluster. Itis part of the suburbs of Adana. It hasreference to the cluster of Nusairia gardensand haralels tbere. We raay estiraateits population at not less than 2,000, althoughit has no definite limits. Ourevangelist, a very simple raan, is in theirraidsti hke the lad of old wilb bis twobarley loaves and a few sraall fishes. TheLord placed hira there, and in employingbim we are siraply trying to follow theDivine guidance."Minor details and incidents need not beinserted bere, as lhey bave eilher appearedalready in the colurans of tbe raissionaryraonthly, or will be published in conneclionwith this report.This stateraent from Mr. Dodds isstronger than any direct appeal that hecould make for belp. He is alone in thatlarge field, and on bis life, huraanly speaking,depends tbe life of the Mission. Heshould have an associate, and it is hopedthat what he says will be to some youngman the call of the Eedeeraer to consecratehimself to this service.It may not be known to the Church thatit owns no property in this field. Duringhis life the lale Dr. David Metheny erectedbuildings for residence and mission purposes,and the Board rents from Mrs.Metheny the rooms needed for schoolwork in Mersina. Eecently she offered tosell this property to tbe Church for $17,-000, the estimated value recorded in theU. S. Consulate being over $21,000. Heroffer "includes the wbole lol fenced andunfenced, and all the buildings, exceptthat set apart for hospital use," which shewishes to give lo the Church, "lo be used,when a physician is sent to that field andthe funds will perrait, for hospital purposes."The reply of the Board was tbat,owing to the present condition of thefinances, il could not recoraraend the purchase.At the sarae tirae, it is due to ilrs.Metheny to lay tbe matter before Synodthat her formal offer, with schedule of theproperty, raay go to the Comraittee onForeign ilissions for consideration.The Cyprus ilission bas been conductedunder very disheartening circurastances.The statistics show nineteen cora-

municants, bul do not indicate whetherany were added during the year. Mr.Easson and bis two assistants availedthemselves of every opporlunity to preach•the gospel. Tbe colporteurs visited 86villages and all the ciiies except Papho,sold 286 Bibles, New Testaments andportions in eleven different languages,read the Word of God to 1,213 persons,and talked about tbe way of salvationthrough Jesus Christ to 6,376; and thesemen testify that the people, as a rale,listened to the reading and explanationof the gospel witb manifest delight. Dr.Moore, in addilion to his other work, hasprinted for free circulation 148,608 pagesof tracis. That tbese agencies are bringingthe trutb to bear in quickening poweron individuals and communities is seen inthe bitler hostility of botb Greek and Armenianpriests.A stone buUding, to replace the ehapelburned a year ago, is in course of erectionat .Larnaca. The whole expense is borneby Mrs. Andrew Alexander, from hershare in the estate of the late Elder DavidTorrens, her brother, who was greatly interestedin the work on the island, and thebuilding is to be known as the "DavidTorrens Meraorial." Tbe Mission houseon the sarae lot, erected a few years ago,is, through the liberality of Mr. and Mrs.Easson, entirely free of debt. II cost over$2,105, but only $1,341 were receivedfrom the Araerican Church. The rest caraefrom other sources, including a donationof $100 from Mr. and Mrs. Easson, and,on leaving the island, anoiher offering of$165, balance of rent paid in advance tothe faU of 1904.It is with deep regret that tbe Boardhas to announce the retireraent of Mr.Easson, owing to the failing health ofhiraself and wife. Nor will ilr. EobertClarke, who was appointed to tbat fleld,and whose evangelistic spirit and popularNews of the Churches. 201talents seenied to qualify for service there,be sent out, as the Board has been advisedby compeient raedicalauthority thathe would not be able to stand the cliraateand arduous labors required of hira. Tbelicentiates of the Church are asked to considerthe pressing clairas of this Mission.It offers a pleasant horae in a healthy locality,a new chapel, abounding toil, opendoors in every direction, and the very kindof opposition that should inspire lostrenuous effort.The raedical department both in Syriaand in Cyprus is proving the value of thisform of work as an evangelistic agency.Dr. Balpb writes: "There have been fewof those who have received medical carewho have not heard soraething of spiritualtruth as well. In addition to our ownefforts in that direction, native help hasbeen used to present the truth to thosewho have come lo us for treatment. Notonly at the regular clinics, but whereverwe have gone araong the villages, we haveatterapted to use every opportunity for thesowing of the good seed." He reports1,150 professional visits and 130 clinics,with an average attendance of forty persons.Speaking of the hospitah he says:"One hundred and seven cases have beentreated during the year. * * * -^^^only have we been gratified by the greatersuccess attending the use of the means forthe relief of disease in the hospital as coraparedwith outside practice, but we haverejoiced at the opportunily thus given tobring the truth to bear raore fully uponour patients. Besides the regular worshipraorning and evening, a part of each dayis given to this work, and a special serviceis held every Sabbath evening." Dr. Moorereports two clinics a week, with an averageattendance of forty-five persons, andadds: "Ever since the chapel was burnedwe have had no success in reaching theGreek except through the clinics. But

202 News of the Churches.wdth all opposition, w^e have good audiencesal the cUnics, and very oflen flve orsix corae who do not ask for inedicine, andwho seera to have corae siraply to hearthe gospel."In these three fields,constiluting whatis known as the Syrian Mission, tbere areat present 337 native coraraunicants,added sinee last report 49, including thosenot relurned in the statistics of TarsusMission for 1901. This shows a net increaseof 24. There are 1,192 adherents,counting baptized raerabers,inquirers andpersons who wait with sorae raeasure ofregularity on the rainistry of the Word,and there are also 715 children underdaily religious instruction, of whora 267are in boarding schools, where they enjoyall the advantages of careful horae training.The foreign working force consistsof five ordained rainisters, two physicianswho are ruling elders, and six singleworaen, and they have in their eraployraentand acting under their constant supervisionone native ordained preacher,flve licentiates, nine evangelists and colporteurs,four Bible wonien, fourteen -maleand seven feraale teachers.At the request of the Syrian Coraraission,the Board endorses its action askingSynod to make an appropriation for a new^edition of the Arabic Psalter without rausic,$260 being the estiraate of the BeirutPress for 2,000 unbound sheets, the costof binding, as occasion requires, to coraeout of the annual allowance for books.The work in China is awaking greatinterest' in the Church, and pressing itsclainis for Uberal support. Soon after thelast raeeting of Synod Dr. J. ilaudeGeorge, whose application was accompaniedwilh the highest testimonials, wasappointed to that fleld as medical missionary.She and Miss Jennie B. Torrencewent out wdth Eev. A. I. Eobband family on their return to Tak HingChau in the auturan of 1901. They arenow busily engaged in acquiring theChinese language, and Dr. George is havingraore demands for medical servicethan she can readily raeet. ilore recentlythe Board appointed Eev. J. K. Robb andDr. Jaraes M. Wright, and arrangeraentswill be raade for their departure in Septeraberof this year. At the request ofThird Philadelphia, Dr. Wright has beenassigned to represent that congregation inthe foreign fleld, and they have agreed lopay his salary.This increase in the working force callsfor raore accoraraodation. Mr. Robbthinks that the Mission al Tak Hing willrequire another dwelling house, a chapel,a hospital and a school building. Theseare not all expected at once, nor even inthe iraraediate future. But he says: "Wehave over two acres of ground here, andwould lilce to plan the buildings and theirlocations wilh these four in raind. * * *Another dwelling for two families is apresent need, as newcoraers require thebest possible conditions during the periodof accliraalization. * * * Such a housecould not be built now for less than $4,000in gold, and $1,000 wUl be needed for achapel."Sabbath, March 16, 1902, wUl beraeraorable in the hisiory of Tak HingMission as the day that the flrstconvert,Yau Sin Hing, seventy-five years of age,was baptized and received into the fellowshipof the Church.Attention is caUed to the Treasurer'sreport, which shows a balance of over $4,-000 to the credit of the Chinese Mission,bul the current account of the Syrian Missionstill overdrawn at the close of thefiscal year raore than $13,000. Every onewiU be glad to notice that the offeringsfrora congregations were nearly $1,500,or, adding the contribution of Sabbathschools and missionary societies, nearly

$2,000 raore tban tbose of the previousyear, and consequently the total receiptswere sufficient to raeet all expenditures.But that debt ougbt to be wiped out.At the first raeetingof the Board afterlast Synod the new raembers, Eevs. W. M.George and I. A. Blackwood, with EldersRobert McNeill and J. J. ilackeown, appearedand took their seats. Dr. J. C.McFeelers bas offered his resignation, ashe feels unable to attend the raeelings,butthe Boarcl, without a dissenting voice, requestsSynod nol to accept the resignation.Respectfully subraitled.In the name of the Board,R. M. Sommerville, Cor. Sec.EXTRACTS FROM THE ANNUALSTATEMENTS OF THE MIS­SIONS.These details, not embodied in the reportlo Synod, are published here for theinforraation of the Cburcb:Syria.—* * * Day by day tbe goodseed of the Word bas been sown, carefully,diUgently and prayerful^, witb faith inthe proraise, "So sball ily word be lhalgoeth out of My mouth; il shall not returnunto Me void, but it shall accomplish tbatwhich I please, and it sball prosper in tbething whereto I sent it." We know lhalsorae seeds fell by the wayside, sorae uponstony places, and sorae araong thorns; wealso know that sorae fell on good groundand will yet bring forth fruit, sorae ahundred fold, sorae sixty fold, and somethirty fold.We wisb to mention, with thanks, thatwe have received the gift of len poundssterling frora the Turkish Aid Society,and the gift of three pounds' wortb ofbooks frora tbe Eeligious Tract Society.The Mission force has been complete sinceSeptember.Mr. Dodds, our new missionary, hasbeen busy wilh the Arabic; he is now ableNews of the Churches. 203lo pray and speak in the Arabic prayerraeelings, has preached in the hospitahand has spoken to the people when ontours with the other raissionaries, andraakes social visits, engaging in conversation.* * * The people have been veryfriendly, but the opposition to Proiestaniteaching araong the olher sects, and theopposition lo the disseraination of the religionof Jesus araong the Ansairia, stillcontinue. The places where the raosteffort has been put forth have been in thecity of Latakia, and the villages of Gendaria,Gunaimia, Inkzik, Bahamra, Soda,Melkey and Tartoos. The means usedhave been the public preaching of theWord, the social prayer- raeeting,visitingfrora house to house, the Sabbath schoolsand the raedical work.* * * The additions to the raerabershipwere, one by profession, in Tartoos,and in Latakia len by profession, andone by profession and baptisra. Eight nativechildren have been baptized, and .MaryLetitia Dodds. We have lost two raerabersby death, and have certified three to Suadia.* * * The chapel bell at Latakiahas every Sabbath raorning given no uncertainsound calling the people lo worship.* * * Sabbatii school is heldevery Sabbath raorning preceding thepreaehing service, with the sarae nuraberof teachers and pupils, and the same interestas in forraer years. Dr. Balph superintendedthe Sabbath school in MissWylie's absence, but she has again takencharge of it since her return. The teachersraeet on Wednesday evening for tbestudy of tbe lesson; these raeetings areusually conducted by Mr. Stewart; in hisabsence by Miss Wylie. There is prayerraeeting in Arabic on Thursday eveningsin the chapel, and the raissionariesholdprayer meetings in their horaes on Fridayevenings in their own sweet mother

204 News of the Churches.tongue; these raeetingsare most strengtheningand precious to thera. Arabic prayerraeetings were held during the week ofprayer, when we felt oftentiraes tbe presenceof tbe Spirit, after which we enjoyeda soleran delightful coraraunion season.Before the coraraunion, Mr. Slewart, accorapaniedby Dr. Balph and Mr. Dodds,attended to faraily visitation.As heretofore, our Bible reader, IshocShararaa, visits frora bouse to bouse, andtalks and reads wherever he can get abearing. Tbe missionaries all try to makesoeial visits, and lo visit tbe sick andmourning. Tbe wives of the raissionariesbave special opportunities for work of thiskind, and all do what they can, eacb inber own way.Al the closing of the boys' school inJuly there was one graduate. On MissWylie's return, in Septeraber, Miss Edgaragain took up the work in this scbool. Mr.Stewart had already received applicationsfor adraission sufficient to fill up all vacancies,and when the time came lo openschool there were so many applicants thatit was a difficult matter to lurn lhemaway; the more so because many werefrom villages where the boys bave no opportunityto learn. Forty-four boys werereceived, and school opened at tbe usualtime—the raiddleof Septeraber. * * *The work of the school has been carriedon as heretofore. The boys have theirown prayer meeting on Sabbath morningbefore Sabbath school; the regular catechisraclass in the afternoon, and the eveningreview of Psalras and Bible verseslearned during the week, and also of theserraon preached that day. A class of fourwdll finish the course of study this year,three of whora have confessed Cbrist, andunited with His people. At the coraraunionseason several wished lo professtheir faith, only two of w^hom were accepted,the others being so young it wasthought best for them to wail until anothertirae. The house for the lady incharge of the boys' school was begun May.9, 1901, and was occupied Nov. 8. Thisaddition was due to tbe generosity of theChairraan of the Board, Mr. A. Alexander,who has the thanks, not only of theilission, but of the whole Churcb, for notthis alone, but for his raany tiraely gifts.ilay he realize that "There is that scatterethand yet increaseth."Tbe opening of the girls' school was delayedtwo weeks on account of not beingable lo secure leachers. We have onlyhad two young woraen and one raan employedtbis year. * * * rpj^g courseof sludy and the religious exercises, dailyand on Sabbath, are rauch the sarae as inthe boys' school. The friends of the childrenwho corae to see thera on Thursdayaflernoons listen very attentively to theBible lesson given lhem at tbat time. Sevengirls frora the boarding school united withthe Church at tbe coraraunion in January.Three flnished the course of study at theclose of the school last suramer.Meetings are held at Gendaria nearlyevery Sabbath, either by Mr. Stewart, Dr.Balph, Licentiate Salem Saleh, or thebrethren themselves. Two of the young 'people that united with the Church in Latalciaat the last coraraunion are frora thisvillage—children of Protestant parents.We have raore raerabers al Gunairaiathan in any olher place in the fleld;butthey have nol grown, either in nurabers, ingrace, or in knowledge of the Lord Jesus,during the year as we had hoped. Theyare very ignorant, and exceedingly poor,and with the exception that teacber NajibHaddad, frora the boys' school, was sent tolabor with them during tbe sumraer vacation,they have not had a leader; and theyneed shepherding. Their oldest member,Tadoor Kasanji, died a few months ago.An evangelist is eraployed at Bahamra

News of the Churches. 205who lives tbere and holds a service everySabbath, and visits tbe surrounding villagesoutpouring of the Holy Spirit; pray thatit raay be given."during tbe week. Eabeel Daoud be­Mattie E. Wylie.longed to tbis station; she died last December,Opportunities for raedical work havein the hope of eternal life. Ourlast report contained an account of an attemptto wreck the Mission bouse here,doors and windows being broken in andbeen practically unliraited. We bave atteraptedto use these opportunilies as faras possible to proraote both the physicaland spiritual good of those with whora wepartially destroyed. When Consul Eavndalcorae in contact. * * *visited Latakia he went out to Baham­ra lo inspect the condition of affairs, andhe also visited Eldainy. He presented thematter of tbe Baharara house to the Governorof Latakia, and after his retum, toDuring the year ten villages have beenvisited, a few of thera several tiraes. Onehundred and thirty clinics have been held,with an average attendance of about fortypersons each; 1,150 visits have been raade,the Beirut authorities also, and finally aside frora the attendance given tbesucceeded in having orders sent lo theGovernment bere to take all necessarysteps for the protection of tbe Bahamrafarailies of niissionaries or the pupils ofthe boarding schools; 5,649 piasters havebeen received for these services, and 4,834properly. He also secured the disraissalpiasters frora the sale of raedicines, raakingof the chief of the raounted police,who headed the party that coraraitted thetrespass. But the Governmenl showed nodisposition to pay for tbe damages done.a total of 10,483 piasters, or about$375.The work done in the hospital duringthe year has been the raostsatisfactory ofThe house was repaired by the Mission, any since its inception. Profiting by theand has since been visited a nuraber oftiraes by the raissionaries, and servicesheld in it without any molestation. Buthere and elsewhere among the Ansairiaexperiences of the past and the iraproveraentsthat we have been able to raakefrora tirae to tirae, raore and belter workhas been done than in any of the precedingclose watch is kept over our movements, inyears. The belp eraployed has beenorder that no schools may be opened the sarae as before. Miss Dodds, asaraong thera.raatron, has personally supervised theThere is a large school in Soda, but theschool in Melkey has been closed for wantnursing, general caretaking, and culinarydepartraent, and bas kept the accountsof a suitable leacher since last Septeraber. connected witb the work. Tw^o naliveThe people are very anxious for a school,and listen attentively to tbe explanationnurses bave been eraployed, one of whoragives part of her tirae to Bible readingof Scripture. Licentiate Juraidini still and religious instruction among thelabors at Tartoos; there are also three patients. One hundred and seven casesolher workers eraployed there. There are have been treated during the year, with110 pupils, witb an average aitendance of three deaths. A few patients have beenninety-five. Tbe pupils and others attenddischarged -without being benefited, bulSabbath school and preaching services; nearly all bave been partially or enlirelythe prayer raeelings on Sabbatb afternoon relieved of their diseases. The araountand Thursday evening are also well attended.reeeived frora patients for board has beenLicentiate Juraidini writes: 1,130 piasters, or $40.35. * * * A"We have hearers enough, w^e only lack the great many of our patients bave shown

206 News of the Churches.considerable interest in Bible reading, and sciences are very meager. However, it isthe reUgious instruction given. Eesults ours to "hararaer" away, believing thathave not been what we have desired, but the Word is "Uke a hararaer that breakethlittle by little the seed is being sown, with the rock in pieces."—Jer. 23 :29. * * *failb in the Spirit's power to raake it to The raid-week prayer raeeting has beenbear fruit to His honor and glory.J. M. Balph.well attended by all who have been nearenough, with one exception.The year 1901-2 in Suadia has had The contributions for the year haveevents in coraraon witb other. years. It been good. Those of the Sabbath schoolhas also had its features of individualitythat warrant special raention.have been sent to the Jewish Mission ofPhiladelphia, wbile those of the preaching* * * The girls are taught reading, services have been sent to China ilission.writing and arithraetic, and sewdng and These contributions bave araounted to thefaney work. They have raeraorized the wages of an ordinary laborer for over sixteenShorter Catechisra, the Seeker's Guide,many Psalms and chapters of Holy Writ.The little girls, quite unknown lo us unlillately, have had a prayer raeetingaraong theraselves. The older ones havedays per native raeraber. There is atacit understanding that the missionariesgive in the collections only as the nativemerabers contribute.The boys' scbool has been an iraproveraenta Christian Endeavor Society.over the last few years. * * ** * * There has been daily visiting As a raeans of preventing their boys fromand reading by the Bible woraan, who attending our school, the Greeks haveflnds ready access to all classes. Also opened three schools in as raany localitiesthere has been a Bible reading at the triweeklyclinics, in whieh all sorts and conditionshave reeeived attention. The Sabbathschool has been well attended byin the valley for their boys, thereby withdrawingquite a nuraber frora our schools.Notwithslanding, the daily attendance hasbeen more regular this year than formerly.young and old. At present there are six* * * The two oldest boys in theteachers and an average attendance of school have had three years in the Latakianinety, with raany more very oflen. TheInternational Lessons are used, and aresehool. These are now studying here, andeach one teaches a few classes of youngerstudied every day in the day sehools. pupils. Thus they are being trained as* * '•' The gospel has been preaehed teachers. Both are raerabers of theas seeraed suited to the times and circumstances.Church, and this is their native place.* * * Besides the morning They are both of the Ansairia people.and afternoon gospel services every Sabbatbin the chapel, there have been raanyM. Cunningham.J. Boggs Dodds.evening raeetings in private houses where Asia Minor.—* * * We have thethe Word has been read and expounded by work of four slations lo report, naraely,your raissionary, and prayer bas been Adana, Auba, ilersina and Tarsus. Inraade. In rare instances is there any oppositionto our doctrines. But this is onethree of these the work is exclusively evangelistic.In the fourth, Mersina, il is alsoof the raost discouraging features of our educational. It is but fair lo say, however,work—the ready assent to all that is said,wbile the same evil life is lived by the that more or less of the beneficial re­sults of the educational work at Mersinapeople. The signs of awakened con­extend to the other stations, and even to

News of the Churches. 207regions beyond, so that results are nol lobe judged as indicative of wbat raay bereaped withoui educational seed sowing.* * * We preach here every year toraany people from Antiocb, Suadia, Alexandretta,Latakia, Beirut and Alexandria,and to persons from Harpoot, Bagdad,Mosul and Mardin. One bas to reflect bula raoment on such a statement lo perceivehow reraarkable is the providence whiehhas placed so iraportant a post in thehands of the Covenanter Church; and howgreat are her responsibilities with referenceto it. Tbe fact that thousands of theNusairia of Syria also spend tbe suraraermonlhs on tbe Cilician plain in conneclionwith the harvesting and olher agriculturalinterests of Cilicia, seeking only tbe raeatwhich perisheth with tbe using, but whomay bere be fed with that raeat which endurethunto eternal life, sbould not lessenour interesi in Mersina, as it certainlygreally increases our responsibility for theraanner in which we hold it.* * * In both Adana and Auba anevangelist resides and labors. In Adanawe flnd a population of upwards of 15,000Nusairia pagans, and possibly 500 farailiesof Arabic-speaking "Kurds," as they aregenerally styled. Our efforts are alwaysbearing on the forraer, but chiefly successfularaong the latter. If one raay venturea prediction with reference to what Goddesigns, we might almost affirra lhal Godintends to use these Kurds as instruraentsin the conversion of the Nusairia ofCilicia. * * *The spirit of the Adana church is lovely.Tbey are poor in this world's goods.The accoraraodations we have been ableto afford thera could not possibly be raoreuninviting, or even repellent. The roorawe rent is in the raidst of a Nusairia districtin a filthy neighborhood, in winteralraost inaccessible. We bave no chairs,not even r bench or a table. In all ourgatherings we sit on the floor. But tbeHoly Spirit often delights lo do His workaraid surroundings the most unfavorable,that all the glory raay redound lo Himself.* * *At the last comraunion held in Adanaour landlord, his wife and son, a proraisinglad of about thirteen years of age, attendedour raeelings. The boy has beeneducated in the Moslera school, and is fullof their superstitions. The woraan is morenoble than most of the Nusairia women.Tbe man is intelligent and apparentlyearnest. For two years we have beenworking to draw thera wilhin the gospelnet. For two years we bave had the boypursuing a course of Christian reading;yet never before could we get any of thatpeople to corae into one of our raeetings.These, while present, seeraed earnest andinlerested—whether their interesi willconlinue reraains to be seen. A more interestingcharacter was an older man, abricklayer, who served as a soldier nineyears in Yeraen. For two years we havebeen acquainted with hira and have beenIrying to get hira interested in the gospel,but we could never get hira into one of ourraeelings. At the coraraunion he was presental every raeeting exeept on Sabbathday. At flrst be listened politely, andthen he listened attentively, and then hegrew deeply interested, and asked raanyquestions of deep significance and importance.He afterwards accompanied nson a tour of Auba and Koochook Auba,and was really very helpful lo us, as wetrust we also were lo hira. On his returnbe requested us to hold one more meetingfor bis special advantage. At its closealso be asked our prayers on bis behalf,tbat he raighl be laught of God andbrought to a full knowledge of the truth.His case seeras to us not only hopeful, butraost reraarkable. * * ** * * There are two classes of Nu-

208 News of the Churches.sairia in the Auba, one favorable to ourevangelist and glad to hear hira read thegospel and explain it to thera. The otherconsiderably unfriendly. He bas hadabout 100 under a considerable degree ofinstruction. In tbe winter he reads tothera in bis horae. He has a Bible classalmost every day. In several differentplaces also he has friends wbo send forhim to read lo groups of their friends. Intbe sumraer he attends thera from fieldtofield, reading for lhem while they rest.Groups of them send hira word, saying,"We will be in such a place to-raorrow,please corae and read for us." It is notclear that their purpose ia other than entertainraentand instruciion, without senseof their spiritual need. Of this, perhaps,we cannot, bow­ever, judge. We have a hopethat one prorainent, and unusually intelligentand gentleraanly Sheikh araongthera is an exception. He sends for ourevangelist regularly lo visit hira andbring his book, and always bas a nuraberof persons, from five to thirty, gatheredto hear the gospel read.In Tarsus the work has been under thecare of our faithful licentiate, Yusuf Leibnany.There is not mucb of an encourag-'ing nature to report. * * * rpwo personswere added to the Church there byprofession of faith during the year. Therebas, however, been depletion by death andby reraoval frora Tarsus, till the result isa net decrease of ten in the raerabershipof Tarsus congregation. One of the meraberstbat died was a raan of very araiableand syrapathetic disposition, universallybeloved araong those who knew hira. Hedied in a well while searching for a loslchild, whom, it was feared, might havefallen into it. Anoiher also was a raildand childlike person. Both were convertedwhen about sixty years of age, andhad been only two or three years in theCliurch. We have, at least teraporarily, discontinuedBible woraan's work in Tarsus.* * * A lady wbo has buried severalchildren, in visiting tbe boys' schoolin Mersina, and passing frora class toclass, said to Miss McNaughton, "Whatjoy there must be in heaven at the sightof so many boys gaihered into a Christianscbool in Mersina!" Eeligious instructionis made our chief aim. The Bibleholds the foremost place. Fsalms and theShorter Catechism, witb and witboutproofs, are memorized; and instruction isgiven in the Seeker's Guide—a most valuablehelp in Bible study. Instruction inreading, writing, geography, grammar,arithmetic, composition, physiology andphysics has also had due attenlion. Threeteachers have given valuable assistance toMiss ilcNaughton. An effort is made togive the boys some training in mendingtbeir clothes, and other Useful lines ofwork, to teacb thera self-reliance and independence.There has been a run of fevers,sore eyes, rauraps and influenza in theschool, but no deaths.In the girls' school three leachers bavebeen eraployed. One raan and a youngworaan wbo has given several years offaithful service to the ilission in connectionwith tbis school, and another woraanwho has been at various limes in the Mission'seraploy. The flrst teacher has not,however, been eraployed quite full tirae.* * * In each school seven differentraces are represented. In eacb school twointeresting prayer meetings have beenregularly conducted. Examinations haveshown gratifying progress, especially inreligious studies. From each school therewas an accession of flve to tbe merabershipof the Churcb, also an accession ofone forraer pupil in the girls' scbool. Anuraber of other girls desired to unitewilh the Church, but were opposed bytheir parents, and decided to wait in hopeof afterwards gaining their consent

Throughout tbe year there was no dangerousillness in the girls' school.The Sabbath scbool was carried on byMiss Sterrett throughout the summer vacation,average attendance thirty. Statisticsshow attendance throughout scboolyear, average, 150; classes, 10. Prayermeetings and preaching services bave beenregularly conducted, as beretofore, in theMission chapel. The week of prayer wasobserved as usual, and throughout the yearas many evangelistic services as practicablehave been conducled wberever thereseemed to be a favorable opportunity. Theattendance upon tbese evangelistic serviceswas considerably less than in former years,the reason undiscovered. * * * -^gwere affected by an unusual raortalityduringthe sumnier, bolh in Tarsus and Mersina.Bight times we were called to followthe mortal remains of our friends lotheir last resting place; fourteen tiraes intwo years.We regret that we have as yet no raedicaldepartmenl to report since the resignationof Dr. S. A. S. Metheny frora theMission. A petition has been forwardedfor his return, signed by representativepeople of all classes. Very great gratitudeis due to Dr. S. Badeer,- a Covenanter physicianat present residing in Mersina, forkind atiention to the raissionaries duringillness, and to the schools, as also to agreat many poor people, more or less dependenton tbe missionaries. Also weshould mention tbe kindness of Dr. Boa,our neighbor, who gave free attendancelast suraraer, previous to the arrival of Dr.Badeer, to quite a nuraber of our poorfriends, who were absolutely dependenton our care. He is a Prench citizen ofGreek orthodox failb.E. J. Dodds.Cyprus.—No year since we bave beenin Cyprus has been so disheartening as tbepast. In five more days il will bave beenNews of the Churches. 209one year since our chapel was burned. Godhas raised up a friend who has restoredthe building, and we trust He willstrengthen our hands so that His work willbe restored lo even greater proraise.* * * The opposition of the Greekpriests and fanatics is one of the hindrancesthat we raust always expect, but itis in itself an encourageraent, as it showsthat the old serpent feels that he rauststir hiraself. * * *In planning our new church we baveraade a point of raaking it suitable for theSabbath school worlc. * * ** * * In Kyrenia a priest is urgingthe woraen to burn the Bibles and gospelsif tbeir husbands bring thera horae. Insorae of the villages the chief would furnisba roora for the colporteurs and invitethe people to corae and hear the Word ofGod; in other places a plaee to sleep wasdenied thera, and then they would go tothe nearest police stations and spend thenight there.The work in Nicosia, like that in Larnaca,has raet wilh rauch opposition. TheBishop of the Arraenian Church has donehis worst. Of five raerabers,all have leflthe island.The native paslor, Harrilune Sarkissian,reports tbat he has preached duringthe year fifty-three sermons, and that theaverage was about twenty-two present, andthe Sabbath school averaged twelve. Therewere forty-eight prayer raeetings held,with an average attendance of eleven. Asusual, he has done sorae visiting frorahouse to bouse, and had raany talks withTurks, Arraenians and with Greeks whohave asked hira raany questions. * * *One other little worker is our press.During the last year we have printed 27,-082 tracts, 148,608 pages; total expensefor year, $48; new type bought, $35; balance,$13. Thus our tracts cost us about50 cenls per 1,000. These tracts, as well

210 News oJ the Churches.as others sent us by the London TractSociety, are distributed freely by our colporteurs,as well as by ourselves. And Ithink they are a power for good.For this work we need a little help. Thepress account is about $30 in debt, and anyone who thinks it worth 50 cents per 1,000to distribute tracts in Cyprus can have itdone by sending us a sraall sum to buypaper.AT HOME.We have ink.W. il. MOOEE.EEPOET OF COMMITTEE ON HOMEMISSIONS.Your Committee would respectfully report: Three papers have been referredto us:1. Eeport of tbe Central Board of Missions.2. Eeporl of the Mission Conference.3. Report of the Mission to the Jews.The work of superintending, fosteringand directing the affairs of the home raissionsof the Church is no easy task;neither is it, at the present tirae, the leastiraportant. Through our horae raissionsalone can we expect the extension and enlargeraentof our beloved Zion in this land.Only as we are enlarged and strengthenedat home can we expect to enlarge andextend our work in foreign fields.The reports show that there are morethan thirty congregaiions and raissionstations under the fostering care of Synod.Several of these are in strategic points;for exaraple, in St. John, N. B.; Chicago,St. Louis, Kansas City, Topeka, Denverand Seattle. It is iraportant lhal thecongregaiions organized in these greatcities shall be established and raaintained,that they raay becorae centers of influencefor the. enlightenraent of the coraraunitiesround about, with reference to the greatprinciples for which, as a Church, we contend.Tbe great need in the DoraesticMission fleld,next to the inflUing of theHoly Spirit, is the raeans successfully toprosecute the work. Notwithslanding thislack, the work of the past year is not wantingin encouragement. Mucb good seedbas been sown; some fruit has beengathered in.AVith reference to the Domeslic Missionfleld, we recoraraend:1. That in view of the deflcit in theTreasury of this fund and the fact thatthe salaries of the raissionariesare notfully paid, involving hardships to a greateror less extenl, pastors, elders anddeacons be urged to raake strenuous effortsto raise the full appropriations to thisfund.2. That congregaiions and raissionstationsbe rerainded lhal if they desire toreceive aid frora the Domestic Missionfunds, lhey must report quarterly to theclerks of their respective Presbyteries asto the work done; and that clerics of Presbyteriesbe instructed to lake the necessarysteps to secure their reports in timeto forward them lo the Central Board beforethe meetings at which distribution offunds is made.3. That Synod accede lo the requesi ofthe Central Board of Missions, and thatthe fiscalquarters coraraence with July,October, January and April.With referenee to the Souihern ilissionswe recoraraend:1. That Synod has heard with gratiflcationtbe reports frora this fleld;that werecognize the fidelityof Rev. J. G. Reedand his co-laborers in instructing thosecoraraitted lo their care, not only in thethings which will fitfor usefulness in thislife, but also in storing their minds withDivine truth, which is able lo make wiseunto salvation.2. That in view of the fact that ourlaborers in this fieldare not corafortably

housed, and that Mr. Reed has been comraissionedby the Central Board of Missionslo raise the means lo provide a coraraodioushabitation, we coraraend hira tothe liberality of the Church.The Indian ilission deserves specialnotice. We recomraend:1. That we record our gratitude to Godthat the health of our raissionaryin CacheCreek Mission, so sadly broken one yearago, has been so fully restored that he hasbeen able to resurae bis work witb vigorand that he is in our midst to-day.2. That tbe thanks of Synod be extendedto those through whose benefactionsa hospital has been provided for thesick and otber improveraents made, andespecially lo tbe women of Pittsburg PresbyterialSociely, who have paid the salaryof the niissionary frora the inception ofthe work.Tbe work of tbe Chinese Mission inOakland, Cah, has been prosecuted araiddiscouragements during the year. Ourmissionary, Mrs. N. R. Johnston, resignedal the end of last year and withdrew fromthe field.We recoraraend that in view of the factthat no suitable person, who is a raeraberof the Reformed Presbyterian Church, hasbeen found in Oakland lo lake the place,the recoraraendation of the Central Boardof Missions be approved, the Mission discontinued,and the funds for this Missiondistributed according lo the Gregg bequest.The report frora the Jewish Mission indicatestribulations and trials on the onehand, on the other hand hard work andencourageraent. This ilission is to be congratulatedon having entered a new andcoraraodious horae free of debt. We recoramendthis Mission to the continued sympathyand support of the Church.In closing our report, we recomraendthat tbe Central Board of Missions andNews of the Churches. 211the Seeretary of the Coraraittee on theJewish ilission be heard in urging theclaims of the respective raissions undertheir care.Respectfully subraitted,C. D. Trumbull,J. Ren. Wylie,E. C. ilONTGOMERY,H. O'Neill,W. T. Anderson,Comniittee.EEPOET OF THE CENTEAL BOAEDOF MISSIONS.The raeetings of the Board have beenheld regularly and have been well attended.Worlc has been prosecuted in thedifferent fields without interruption, andwilh some degree of success.Domestic Mission.—$8,055 were appropriatedby Synod at its last raeetingfrorathe Doraestic Mission Fund lo aid weakcongregations. Twenty-five per cent, ofthe appropriation of the Synod of 1900reraained unpaid, raalcing a total of $10,-355. The receipts were $7,744.44; expenditures$8,049.18, leaving a deficit of$304.74. In addition to this, $1,826.25for the last quarter of the preseni year aredue, raaking a total of $2,130.99. Theattenlion of Synod is called to the conditionof this fund and the necessity that aneffort be raade at once to raise the entireamount needed to raake up the presenideficit and pay the laborers for servicesalready rendered.After the above was written a check for$1,000 for this fund was received frora agenerous friend, whose narae is withheld.This enables the Board to pay fiftypercent, of the fourth quarier of the year.In view of the condition of theTreasury, the Board did not feeljustified in incurring the expense necessaryto send an agent to visit the SouthernStates and deterraine the advisability

212 News of the Churches.of inaugurating work araong the whilesof these States.The Board has endeavored to carry outSynod's directions with reference lo thequarterly distribution of tbe appropriations,but has not been able lo do so successfullyon account of the failure of soraeof the clerks of Presbyteries to raake reportsof work done. We recoraraend thatour fiscalyear begin hereafter on July 1,distribution to be raade at our raeetingsinOctober, January, April and July.Balance $47.10Eeceipts—From congregations 4,827.38Dividends 2,869.96$7,744.44Expenditures 8,049.18$304.74We ask for this Mission $6,000.Southern Mission.—The teaching forcethis year is the sarae as last, exeept thatMiss Brown took the place of Miss LenaBeattie, who, on account of ill health, wasnot able to resurae the work. Mr. Eeed,as superintendent, has entire charge. Heis assisted by Miss Margaret McCartney,assistant superintendent; Miss LizzieBrown, Miss Blanche George, Miss SophiaKingston, Miss Lillian Hobbie, Miss MayBeattie and Mrs. G. M. Siraras, aU ofwhora have been reappoinied for anotheryear. ilrs. Kate Wilhite, iliss Tillie Fitzpatrick,ilrs. Kynett, Mrs. Kingston andMiss Hattie Foster have been employed,when needed, as assistants.The school opened on Monday, Sept. 30,with an attendance of over 300, and closedon May 21. The total enrollment was543; average attendance, 353.The course of instruction was tbe sameas during the preceding year. An effort isnow being made to effect a change bywhich it will be better adapted to theneeds of the pupils and more in accordancewith modern methods.Mrs. Eeed conlinued her instruction invocal music, and with encouraging success.A half hour was given once a weekto each roora. No extra charge was madelo the pupils. In addition lo this, Mrs.Eeed has a mandolin club, which meetsonce a week, and about a dozen privale pupilson the piano.A sewing class has also been organized,of whicb she has charge. A machine waspurchased wilh funds especially contributedfor that purpose. The class consistsof both girls and boys. They take quitean interest in the instruciion given. Mr.Eeed thinks it practicable lo establish anindustrial departmenl for both boys andgirls. This he believes to be much needed.The religious training of the scholarsis not neglected. There are chapel exercisesevery morning for about Iwenty rainutes,consisting of singing Psalms, readingScripture, with short explanations orexhortations, and prayer. In the differentrooms the first twenty rainutes of eachhalf day are spent in coraraitting Bibleverses, and questions in Brown's and theWestrainster Shorter Catechisras. Theportions coraraitted during the week arerecited in concert in the prayer raeetinghour on Thursday raornings, each classrising in succession. One hundred andthirty-seven thousand six hundred andtwenty-one questions and Bible verseshave been comraitted during tbe year.The pupils are required lo attendeither the Sabbath school on Sabbathniorning or the Bible class in theafternoon. The average attendance is 121in the forraer and 179 in the latter, or atotal of 300.The income from tuition this year isthus far $661.90. Contributions for olherpurposes, raucb of it for poor children,araounted to $85.45. Coraraissions on

News of the Churches. 213books and scbool supplies lo between $50 The Congregation.—M.x. Kingston isand $60, and sale of articles to $44. Frora still stated supply. Freaching servicesthis fund have been paid for salaries, have been held twice each Sabbatb during$576.40, coal biU $77, as also tbe other the school year, and once each Sabbathiteras of expense. Liberal contributions during the sumraer. The congregationof clothing, books, papers, toys. Bibles, will report a decrease this year. This isTestaraents, etc., bave been received frora the result of a careful purging of the roll.a nuraber of congregations. These have The congregation is doing well finanprovedof great advantage lo the Mission. cially. There is a sraall indebtedness ofMr. Eeed in his report bears testimony $50, which will no doubt soon be raised.to the good work done by the teachers. The total contributions for the year"The year in schooh" he adds, "bas been amount to about $450.most gratifyingly free from disturbances A commission of Illinois Presbytery,and difficult cases of discipline, and that I consisting of Eevs. J. C. French, G. W.attribute largely to the wisdom and Benn and Elder John B. Wilson, ofpatience of the teachers." Belhel, visited the congregation. TbePleasant Grove.—In addition to the Lord's Supper was dispensed when theywinter school, which lasted six raonths, were there. Their visit, as also that ofilr. Pickens bad a sumraer school for two Dr. and Mrs. H. H. George, who reraainedmonths. In tbe former the enrolUnent was about two weeks, proved very helpful tofifty-three, and average attendance twen- the Mission. The workers were alsoty-two; in the laller twenty-five and nine- cheered by short calls frora Elder Jaraesteen. Tbe total number of questions and Torrence, of St. Louis, and Mr. R. G.Bible verses comraUted, 19,146. The Reed, of the UnUed Miarai Congregation.Sabbath school is well attended. Four of The building now occupied by the Mis-Ihe scholars united wUh the Church this sion force is not large enough for theirspring. accoraraodation. ilr. Reed has been au-Yalley Creek.—Miss Hattie Foster, who thorized to canvass the Church for fundsis in charge here, is a graduate of Knox wUh which to raake needed changes orAcaderay. She afterwards took a two- erect a new building, as raay be deteryears'course in Talladega Acaderay, and rained. The araount of raoney needed forholds a Stale certificate for teaching. Of this purpose wiU not be less than $1,500.her work as a leacher and her business Balance $149.88manageraent, Mr. Reed speaks in high Receipts—terras. "Her school roora," he writes, "is Frora congregations, etc 3,696.55a model of neatness." The araount coh Frora dividends 680.64lected by her for tuUion was $71, about Frora bequests and other sources. 141.00one-sixth of her salary. The enrollraent •was thirty-seven; average attendance, $4,668.07twenty-eight; total nuraber of Bible verses Expenditures, eto 4,574.30and questions coraraitted, 6,104. "The interestin the coraraunity has been growing Balance $93.77and is seen in tbe increasing attendance We ask for tbis Mission $5,000.upon the Sabbatb services." Mr. Reed Indian Mission.—Mr. CarUhers, who,preaches here once a raonth to an audience on account of ill healtb, was obliged tolargely of children.take a vacation at the close of the school

214 News of the Churches.terra last year, did not return to the Missionuntil Oct 2. We are glad to be ableto state that his health has entirely recovered,and that he has exercised supervisionover the Mission during tbe yearwithout interruption. During his absencetbe work was carried on under thedireclion of Rev. J. R. W. Stevenson.The school opened al the usual tirae andclosed on May 12. The enrollment duringthe year was fifty-five—twenty-sevenboysand twenty-eight girls. The aitendancewas as large as could be aecoraraodated.The following books were read and explainedto the children during the year:"Useful Aniraals," "Bible Natural History,""My Mother's Bible Stories,""Slory of the Gospel," "Uncle Tom'sCabin," "Poor Henry," "Beautiful Joe,""Black Beauty," "Bessie and Henry" and"Titus." Lessons were given from Woods'Natural History and Temperance Instructionwas given Ihroughout tbe year.There were meraorized 13,317 questionsand Bible verses.There was considerable sickness, raainlyla grippe, and following thatpneumonia. One of the raembers of thecongregation and two of the children diedduring the year. One of the lalter, alittle Apache girl, had a very triuraphantdeath. Neither she nor any of her relativesbelonged lo the Church. The childrenhad been taken frora the school anddied at the horaes of their parents.Sabbath school for the children in theschool and also for those Indians whocorae to the ilission was held regularly,and sinee the whites carae in, another wasorganized for them. Sabbath service waskept up at the ilission, and also at theApache camp the entire year, and for partof the tirae at ilt. Scotl.The white iraraigration broughl with itraany temptations lo the Indians, andwhile the attitude of the latter lo the Missionhas never been better, still numbersof thera are being overcorae by the teraptationslo which tbey are exposed, such asgarabling, drinking, etc. To counteractthe hurtful infiuences now at work will requirethe force of the Mission to be keptup to ils bighest efficiency.The Lord's Supper was dispensed onceduring tbe year. Four Indians were receivedby profession and one white bycertificate. Kansas Presbylery will boldils next raeeting at the Mission in Noveraber,wben the Lord's Supper will bedispensed, and, if the way is clear, a congregationorganized.A nuraber of changes bave been madein the Mission force during the year. 'Mr.and ilrs. Humphreys resigned, their resignationtaking effect Dec. 1, 1901. Eev.Mr. and Mrs. Stevenson and Mr. Logan,who had laken the place of Mr. Humphreys,reraained lill the close of theschool year, when their conneclion withthe work ceased, ilr. Carithers writes inwarra terras of the deep inlerest raanifestedin the Mission by these brethren,and of the regret their resignation occasioned.During the sraallpox epideraic Mrs.Dr. Huraphreys rendered invaluable service,ilrs. Logan's health did not permither to remain in so warra a climate, ilr.Stevenson left to take charge bf the congregationof Lake Eeno, to wbicb he hadbeen called. The preseni force consists ofEev. W. W. Carithers, superintendent;Miss Alice Carithers, field matron; Mr.McAulis and daughter, and iliss MaryWilson.Some needed repairs have been raadeon the Mission buildings. Tbe hospitalis now under roof, and, it is expected, willbe corapleted this suraraer. It is built ofslone and very substantial. When completed,it wdll supply a long-felt want.Enough raoney is on hand, or has beenproraised, to raeet the entire cost.

News of the Churches. 215The expenses of the Mission bave beenincreased on account of the Governmenthaving issued an order at the tirae of tbeopening of tbe scbool tbat no subsistenceshould be given to tbe children in Missionschools.Conlrol has been secured of a section ofland frora tbe Indians for two years andthe use of another allotraent, the lengthof tirae not specified. The graveyard, consistingof eighty acres, has also been givenlo tbe Mission for its use. All tbis hasnecessitated tbe building of eight and onehalfrailesof fence, wbich was done witbno raoney outlay. Tbe relalions betweenthe Board and Mission force continue, asthey bave always been, of tbe raostcordialcharacter. Mr. Carithers, in referring tothis, adds: "I ara convinced tbat this isan iraportant .factor in the success of anymission work done under the direction ofa board."The Woman's Presbyterial Soeiety ofPittsburg Presbytery continues to manifestthe sarae deep interest in tbe Missionit has frora tbe first.Ils annual contributionof $1,000, wbich is about one-fourthof tbe enlire receipts tbis year, very raateriallyaids in tbe carrying on of thework.Eeceipts $3,967.78Frora bequests 5.00From dividends 71.25$4,044.03Balance overdrawn 443.36Expenditures -4,456.57$4,899.93We ask for this Mission $5,000.Chinese Home Mission.—-Mrs. Johnston,assisted by her daughter. Miss GraceJohnslon, continued in charge of the Missionuntil the close of the year. Herremoval lo the East necessitated a change,and Mrs. Boreland, wbo had previously superintendedthe work, but was necessitatedto give it up, was appoinied in herplace. She has had oversight since January,and has given entire satisfaction.She is assisled by Mr. Geo. Hanraore.The largest enrollraent any one raonthwas twenty-one; the average attendancewas nearly twelve. The interest in theMission is increasing. Five of thescholars, raembers of the Church, wbo hadreturned nearly two years previous toChina, have come back. Their visit boraedid nol weaken tbeir attachment to thefaith they had embraced. They are nowin regular attendance at the Mission.It is but proper to add that during thelirae of their conneclion wilh tbe work inOakland Mr. and Mrs. Johnston everevinced a warra interest in it. They wereunwearied in their efforts to proraoteits success.With reference lo the future of thisMission, the Board recoraraends to Synodits discontinuance and tbe disiribution ofthe funds in accordance with the Greggbequest.Balance $205.06Eeceipts—Frora congregaiions 555.38Frora dividends 4-68.97$1,229.41Expenditures , 725.45Balance $503.96Jewish Mission.—The raonthly reraittancebas been forwarded regularly to thetreasurer of the Mission in Philadelpbia.Balance $173.15.Receipts—Congregation, etc 946.37$1,119.52ExpendUures 1,080,00Balance $39.52Eespectfully subraitted,J. W. Sproull, Chairman.A. W. Coulter, Sec.AV. J. Coleman, Cor. Sec.

Monographs. 217eager minds, the impressions that bavebeen made upon raany softened hearts,the souls translated into the Kingdom ofGod's dear Son, those God alone knows,and it is sufficient that He knows. Asfor us, when we see bow great changeshave been accomplished in sucb a sbortspace of time, we can only exclaim: "Wbathath God wrought!" and give the thanksunto Him.The merabers of tbe commission sent byIllinois Presbytery were Eev. J. C.French, of Oakdale; Elder Jobn Wilson,of Sparta, and Rev. G. W. Benn, of Staunton.One of the two purposes for whichthey were sent was to assisi in holding acommunion in the Selma congregation, ofwhich the Rev. Solomon Kingston is statedsupply. This event occurred on Sabbatb,May 4. The comraission arrived in Selmaon tbe Thursday preceding, and thatevening Mr. Benn preacbed the firstsermon.On Friday morning Mr. Frenchpreacbed tbe Fast Day sermon, and thatsame evening he explained the Terms ofCommunion, and the tokens were distributed.Mr. Benn condueted the serviceon Sabbaih morning, explaining thePsalm and preaching the action serraon.The coraraunion services proper were onSabbaih afternoon. Mr. Frencb explainedthe words of institution and conductedthe debarring service. Mr. Kingston dislribuledthe elements; Mr. Benn gave theTable address, and Mr. Reed made thethanksgiving prayer. In tbe evening Mr.French preached the final sermon.The sacraraental services as a wholewere exceedingly irapressive and soraewhatunique. Il is not oflen that themembers of Selraa congregation bave thepresence of any brethren frora the North,the coraraunion services being conductedalmost always by Mr. Kingston and thesuperintendent. It was a little reraarkablethat the Sabbath school lesson of thatday should contain an inspired account ofa coraraission that was sent out in apostolictiraes; the coraing of Barnabas andPaul to Antioch, and of the fact thatwhen lhey carae, "and had seen the graceof God, they were glad, and exhorted theraall that wdth purpose of heart tbey wouldcleave unto the Lord." It was the privilegeof this coraraission to go to Selraa andto see there the evidences of the grace ofGod, and truly they were glad. When wegathered round the Table of the Lord withthose brethren, who, thougb of a differentrace, are worshipping tbe sarae Lord andMaster; and when we tbought of tbe trialsthrough wbich raany of thera had come,and of the fact that now they are rejoicingin that glorious liberty wherewithChrist has made His people free, and arelooking forward to the tirae when by Hisgrace we shall all raeet around the Lord'sTable in Heaven, it was hard to restrainthe emotions.Tbe olher purpose for wbicb tbe membersof the coraraission were sent was toexaraine the congregation, in tbe narae ofthe Presbytery. Illinois Presbytery israaking a practice now of officially examiningevery congregation witbin wbosebounds ils meeting is beld. Since tbewhole Presbylery could not go to Selraathe coraraission was instructed to perforrathis duty instead. This was done on Mondayevening. Rev. J. C. French exarainedthe paslor. Rev. G. W. Benn the session,and Elder Torrence, of St. Louis, theBoard of Deacons. Mr. Wilson, of Sparta,was taken sick on Monday, and was notable to attend this raeeting,as he earnestlydesired to do. The examination as awbole was cordially sustained, and thecondition of the congregation pronouncedsatisfactory. Though, as in every congregation,there are some Ihings that requireoversight and correction, yet theraerabers of the coraraission were raade to

218 Monographs.feel that the brethren in Selraa are earnestlyendeavoring to do the will of God inthe difficult fieldin wbicb they are placed,and to prove true to the principles andpraclices of the Covenanter Church. Tberewere ten members received into theChurch during the comraunion season—five adults, three young people, and twolittle girls—and on Sabbath seven werebaptized, one of thera being a little child.Thus outward evidence is not lacking thatprogress is being raade.It was our privilege lo see a good dealalso of the school and its work during ourvisit. On Monday we visited every one ofthe eight rooras, and heard recitations andsinging in each. That was a treat indeed.It is intensely interesting lo watch tbelittle colored children, so alert and so keen.We could not but adraire the skill of theteachers in dealing with thera. And whenwe carae to the bigher rooras, we had apractical illustration of the kind of workthat is being done by Knox Acaderay.Two of the seniors kindly gave for us theirorations that are lo be spoken at the coraraenceraentexercises this year, and inability they were fully equal to the averageperforraance of the kind that one hearsfrora the high school graduates of theNorth. Our Church has been very fortunateindeed in having raen so well fittedto direct the work and to superintendthings as Prof. E. J. Mclsaacs and Prof.J. G. Eeed. And she owes a good dealto the faithful teachers who have laboredand are laboring there so earnestly araidgreat difficulties.The custoraary weekly exercises thatare held in the chapel on Thursday wereput off till Friday for our benefit. Andto hear and witness those was the greatestprivilege of all. It is irapossible to describeit all to one who has not seen forhiraself. But two or three irapressionsstarap themselves vividly upon one'smemory. One is the beauty of the rausic.The colored people can sing; tbat is weUknown; and to hear four or five hundredof their voices united in the songs of Zionis soraething that a person can never forget.No one who bas beard will ever sayagain that you can't have good congregationalsinging withoui an organ. It isanother fortunate tbing that we havearaong our corps of workers at Selraa soexcellent a musical instructor as Mrs.Eeed. She has an excellent class lo workwilh, and she knows how to do it.Tbe comraitting and reciting of Bibleverses and of calechism questions and answersby all of the pupils of tbe school issimply reraarkable. One is forced to theconclusion that colored children far exceedthe whites in tbeir capabilities in thisrespect. To hear tbe pupils of each room,one roora after the other, rise and in welltrainedconcert repeat both questions andanswers frora the catechisras and followthis by reciting verses frora the Bible, andlo keep it up without a slip for the spaceof five or len minutes—why, it was sufficientlo raake rainistersof the gospel wishthat lhey bad sucb a coraraand of Scriptureand of catechisra. Every roora of theschool devotes a certain portion of everyday lo this work, and it is a part of thework in whicb the pupils take great interest,we were inforraed. Cerlainly rauchgood seed is being sown in this w^ay.Our friends in tbe South took goodcare that we bad plenty of opportunity toaddress the colored people. On FridayMr. Benn addressed the pupils of KnoxAcaderay in cbapei asserabled, and Mr.Wilson also added a few words. On Mondayraorning ilr. French made an addressto the same audience. Tuesdayraorning ilr. Kingston took us to visitClarke Schooh a public school for thecolored people under the authority of theState, and the Baptist University, an in-

So far as is knovm, tbis was tbe firstcommission sent to visit our Selraa congregation.The raerabers of it raake thisMonographs. 219stitution of bigher learning, wbich grants suggestion, that the eongregation oughta college degree. Mr. French and Mr. to be brought into closer touch wilb tbeBenn spoke at both of these places, andthe audiences at all were as attentive andChurch in the North, if possible. By thevisits of friends to the South, by havingcourteous and interesting to address as one Eev. Mr. Kingston speak lo our congregationscould find anywhere.in the North, and by the assistanceA visit sucb as this naturally suggests of rainisterial brethren at their coraraunions,many thoughts as lo the present conditionraucb can be done. Mr. King­of tbe colored race, tbe peculiar fitnessston said touchingly, when introducing usof the Covenanter Church as an al the Baptist University, that be soraestonagency to work among tbem, and tbe resultsproduced by tbe recent acts of disfranchisementagainsi the negro, but thistiraes felt lonely because he is the onlycolored rainisterin our denoraination. Weougbt to raake hira feel by our interest andarticle is already too long. One thing our prayers that be is not alone.ought, however, to be said in justice to theteachers in our Mission before we conclude.We who had the pleasure of going to theSouihern ilission al this tirae esteera itWben a scbool teacher in the North one of the rare privileges of our lives. Wehas finished ber day's work witb sixty, received the kindest of treatraent at theseventy, eighty or ninety pupils (if she hands oh our friends, both white andhas as raany as these teacbers do), shenaturally likes to bave a roora of ber owncolored, and we saw soraething of the wayin which the ilaster's Kingdora is beingto rest and lo do ber home work in. Our extended through the labors of His servants.teachers in the South have no.place forWe went, we saw the graee of God,rest or privacy. Tbe superintendent and and we were glad.his faraily and tbe fiveteachers live in oneG. W. Benn.small house; and tbose five teacbers have Staunton, III.three rooras to live and work and sleepin. When the Churcb asks of thera suchsacrifices as all workers araong the coloredSYSTEMATIC BENEFICENCE.*people have to raake, she certainly owes I. Why give of our means to Godfthem a comfortable plaee of residence.And anotber tbing that ougbt to be mentioned1. Beeause He requires it.—Deut. 16 :17; Lev. 27:30-32; 3d Cor., chapters 7, 8is this: All educators of the and 9.colored people, and all workers araong 3. Because of His exceeding preciousthem, agree that the firsttbing needed lobe laughl the negro is the lesson of industryproraises to those who give.—Prov. 3 :10;Mat 3:10; Luke 6:38; 2d Cor., 9:8-11;and thrift. And the members of PhU. 4:19.this coraraission retumed from their visitwith the decided opinion that every possibleaid ougbt to be given Mr. Eeed inthe effori he wisbes to make to establish an3. Because giving is a grace.—2d Cor.8 :1, 8. AVhether we shall raake a practiceof giving is no raore an open question thanwhether we shall pray or believe.industrial departmenl in our school at 4. Because it is in tbe line of coramonSelma.honesty.—Mal. 3 :8. The silver and goldare the Lord's. We are bul the stewardsof His gifts.Adoptid by Reformed Presbyterian Synod. .June, 190S.

220 Monographs.5. Because it is a fruitful source ofhappiness.—Acts 30:35."That man may last, but never lives,Wbo rauch receives, but nolhing gives;Whora none ean love, whora none canthank.Creation's blot, creation's blank."6. Because il is a raeans of getting.—Psa. 37:3; Prov. 11:34, 35; Isa. 58:11.7. Because it is tbe noblest end ofmoney-making.-—Eph. 4:28."But for one end are riches worth yourcare:To make humanity the ministerOf bounteous Providence."8. Because God's Kingdom needs it.We are accustomed to pray, "Tby kingdomeome." God's kingdora will coraewhenever we really want il to corae. Ourgifts are the loken of our sincerity. Ourraoney will answer our prayer.9. Because it is following the exarapleof our Lord. He was tbe greatest of allgivers. He gave His lirae, physical andintellectual strength, personal endowraents,life, Hiraself. Loving to give. Hefreely gave us all. Are gold and frankincenseand rayrrh too precious to lay beforeHira? Is ointraent of spikenard too costlyto anoint His feet—the feel that wereshod with the sandals of salvation andpierced with the nails that retributionforged for us ?II. How give to Godf1. Frora principle.—2d Cor. 8 :5. Thefirst gift is self. After that everything iseasy. But if self be withheld in the outset,in everything we are sraall and stingy,reluctant and parsiraonious "foreverraore.2. Cheerfully.—2d Cor. 8 :3; 9 :7. Nolas a deep well gives to the toiler at thewindlass, but as a fountain gives lo thewounded hart that stands panting at itsbrink.3. Liberally.—2d Cor. 8:2, 3, 7. Godgives liberally. Those wbo are taught byHira and are seeking to be like Hira wiUgive as He does. The gift of God is eternallife through Jesus Christ our Lord. Isanything loo good for Hira? Wouldeverything be too rauch?4. Eegularly.—1st Cor. 16:2. A longprayer said on special occasions will neverdevelop lo any extent tbe trae spirit ofprayer which is to be wiihout ceasing. Nomore will a large gift, now and tben, developto any extent the true spirit of giving.God gives to us day by day and hourby bour. We should give regularly toHim.5. Systematically.—1st Cor. 16:2.This introduces the thought of proportionas well as regularity, and leads lo the questionIII. How much should we give to GodfAnswer—Wbat He requires.What does He require ?1. That we give al tbe very least onetenthof all our income. Lev. 27:30-32;Mal. 3:10; Matt. 23:23. Tbe tithe is theonly invariable, divinely revealed and universallyrecognized standard of tbe remotepast, and so far as we can see it remainsthe only one for tbe present.2. Tbal we give free-will offerings overand above the tithe. Deut. 16:17; 1stCor. 16:2; 3d Cor. 8:1-7.3. That we hold all at His disposal.—Luke 31:2-4.Tbat God required the above under the0. T. dispensation no one doubts. Andcertainly He requires no less under theN'. T. dispensation with ils greater privilegesand richer blessings. Surely I oweGod as much as Abraham did. Besides,the N. T. Scriptures leave no doubt onthis subject.IV. How give the tithe?Mal. 3 :10 gives the Divine answer. Asa rule, it is to be brought inlo the Church

Monographs. 221treasury. Let tbe Churcb have the credit,the bonor of all gifts to ber Lord.It is our judgment that this wbole raallerof giving rests largely witb the leadersof the people—tbe deacons, elders, pastorsand teachers. Bolh experience and observationbave taugbt us that wise,patieni, self-sacrificing leadership will innearly every instance bring the great bodyof the people up to the Divine requireraentand tbe huraan need. The fact lhalgiving is one of the largest topics of tbeBible, togelber with tbe fact tbat il is agrace to be cultivated and developed, asprayer, faith, love, etc., emphasizes theimportance of the subject and the follyand sbame of those leaders who are loofaint-hearted or too sanctimonious to talkabout raoney. Money is just as essentialin its place as are the Cbristian gracesin tbeir place, and yet many, far toomany, "have allowed this instruraent ofGod lo fall out of its spiritual relaiion,until it has come lo be kind of a side issue,a material, secular necessity for which weapologize instead of pushing it to the frontas one of the great spiriiual agencies ofthe Church of Jesus Christ." The officersof the Church, especially the ministry,need to emphasize this subject. Nor needthey hesitate lo present tbe claims ofChrist through His Churcb, even thoughit seem to be at the peril of their ownpersonal support. Our experience hasbeen that tbe leader who conscientiouslydischarges his duty in this respecl willnol suffer al the hands of his people.We therefore recomraend:1. That all deacons, elders, and especiallypastors, eamestly, wisely, patientlyand persistently urge upon those overwhora the Lord balb placed thera theiraportance of the subject of giving andthe duty of giving according to the Biblestandard.2. That tbe officers thoroughlyfarailiarize theraselves witb, and keepprorainently before their people, the financialneeds of the Lord's work as carried onby our own Church, and press upon themtbe privilege, duty and reward of supportingthe same.3. That the Boards of the Church reportto the members thereof, especially theofficers, the amount of money that can bewisely used in every field under their careand base their plea for help on the sarae.4. That Synod's Standing Committeeon Systematic Beneficence theraselves contributeartieles, and solicit articles frorathe rainistry and laity of the Church, onthe subject of giving, its law, meihods, resultsin their respective localities, etc., andsecure the publication of the sarae in theChurch periodicals.J. S. ilAETIN,S. McNaugher,J. E. W. Stevenson,J. AV. Cavan,Committee.The heroic conduct of the great mass of Chinese converts when facing horribledeath has disposed of the talk about "Rice Christians." Miss Gertrude Howesays: "How often we hear foreigners in China say, 'I never saw a ChineseChristian.' The Boxers were able to flnd lhem, however, and hold lhem up as aspectacle to the worid. They declared they could discover the trace ofa cross upontheir foreheads. But upon how many humble ones, of whora we make Uttie note,hath our God set His mark."—Gospel in All Lands.The smallest things become great when God requires thera of us ; they are smallonly in theraselves ; lhey are always great when they are done for God.—Fenelon.

222 Editorial Notes.EDITORIALNOTES.—Do you read Olive Trees? Tbenspeak to others about it and tell themthat, for 50 cents a year, they can have a32-page magazine, giving them iteras andincidents every month, witb half-toneilluslrations, from our own fields and froraall parts of tbe world. Tell thera thatnowhere else can thej' get so rauch for solittle. AddressE. M. Sommerville,327 W. 56th St.,New York.—Subscribers who sent raoney to us report at on the Sabbath question, which wasSynod will please exaraine the wrapperson the July number of Olive Trees andsee whether the credit is correct If not,write at once, that there may be no mistakes.—On Thursday, June 4, 1903, theSynod of the Eeformed PresbyterianChureh closed its sessions at Syracuse,N. Y., after an unusually pleasant andprofitable raeeting. The iloderator, Eev.W. AV. Carithers, raissionary to the Indiansin Oklahoma, revealed a rare combinationof firmness and gentleness, impressinghiraself upon the Court and raakingpossible a week of raost delightfulChristian fellowship. The devotional exercises,which consisted siraply of singing,prayers and reading appropriateScripture selections, were uplifting. Forone-half hour each day rainds and heartswere carried away frora earth, and theLord was manifestly "in the midst" toquicken and inspire for service.Seldora has it been the good fortune ofthe writer to listen to declaratory reportsof such uniforra excellence. That on "SysteraaticBeneficence," prepared by Eev.J. S. Martin, of Newcastle, Pa., w-hich willbe published in all tbe periodicals of theChurcb, deserves careful study on the partof those who do not clearly understand thetheology of raoney and have yet lo learnlhal only loyally to the will of the Eedeeraer,corabined wilh systeraatic giving,is necessary to keep the treasuries full.Along with this adrairable paper shouldbe read that on "Evangelistic Work," fromtbe pen of Rev. AV. M. George, of Brooklyn,N. Y., whose novel and impressiveway of presenting the subject will challengethe attention of every reader. Thediscussed by the Rev. E. J. Gault, of NewAlexandria, Pa., with great earnestnessand force, should, with the blessing ofGod, lead to a raore conscientious observanceof the Lord's Day. Bul there is noneed to single out papers for special comraendationwhen all were good and willbe read wilh profit.Two or three hours were devoted lo themissioii interests of the Church. Notonly were the Secretaries of the Boardsheard, but raany others uniled withthera in presenting the claims of the workat horae and abroad, and urging advancein every departraent.The representatives of National Eeforraand Testimony-bearing were alsoable to speak of progress, and insisted onthe importance of not letting slip the presentopportunity to preach the mediatorialsovereignty of Jesus Chrisi and urge onthis nation the duly of accepting Hira asits Saviour and King.Sorae raatters carae before Synod inregard lo whieh there was a difference ofopinion, but it raay be asserted withoutfear of successful contradiction, thatnothing was said to wound feeling or disturbtbe harraony of brotherly intercourse.

—In a paper called "Notes AnentSynod, "Rev. N. R. Johnston condemns as"sin and wholly inexcusable" tbe laughterthat was called forlh by occasional pleasantries,the bubbling up of good humor,but it would serve no purpose to publishthe criticisras, however weighty in bisopinion. Our sympathies, however, arelargely witb Mr. Johnston in what he saysas to Synod adopting tbe recommendationof the Central Board to suspend or discontinuethe Oakland Chinese Mission. Ifthat mission "has been in successful operationsince tbe auturan of 1875," and "seventy-fiveidolaters bave been converted andbaptized," it does seem a pity that no onecan be found to lake charge of tbe workand look after the converts. A distinguishedelder who sat near us remarked,as the vote was being taken, "I could shedtears al any proposal to close raissionwork once begun." A man who bas givenso much time, energy and raoney, as Mr.Johnston bas, lo tbe evangelization of tbeChinese in Oakland, has a right to beheard on this point. "Surely,' he writes,"the Board will not let tbings continuemuch longer as they now are. Jehovab-Jireh should inspire the wbole Churcbwilh faith stronger than ever before."—Following is tbe schedule of Synodicalappropriations for raissionary purposesduring the current year :Syrian Mission $15,000Mission to China 6,000Domestic Mission 8,000Southem Mission 5,000Indian Mission 5,000-Jewish Mission • • 2,000$41,000This total seems large, but il can easilyhe raised if the Scriptural principlespointed out and enforced in tbe report on"Systematic Beneficence" are accepted and•acted unon.Editorial Notes. 228The schedule also contains tbe followingappropriations for Reforra worlc:National Reforra $5,000Testiraony-bearing 4,000$9,000A churcb that is under oath to "maintainthe responsibility of nations to God,the rightful dorainion of Jesus Christover the coraraonwealth, and the obligationof nations to legislate in conforraitywith the written word," will not find anydifficulty in contributing the full araountfor this departraent of ils work.Besides these appropriations. Synodasks forSustentation $7,000Church erection 5,000Aged rainisters' fund 1,500Widows and orphans' fund 2,000No one who realizes that all his needsare raet out of the infinite fullness ofChrist will, hesitate to give lo theseschemes, for the extension of His causeand tbe comfort of His little ones.—Al Synod the following contributionswere banded us for the Syrian Mission:Rev. and ilrs. J. G. Reed, Selma,Ala $15.00Rev. Isaiah Faris, Vernon, Wis. .. 10.00Five dollars were also received fromMr. and Mrs. Reed for ilission to Chinaand five for Church erection.—In April Olive Trees received fromMiss Mary C. Dripps, Treasurer of theL. M. Society of the Reformed PresbyterianCongregation, Staunton, III.,$10.60 for Tarsus Mission.—When sending renewal to Oli'TO}Trees for 1902, a friend in West Hebroninclosed $9 for Foreign ilissions and$8.50 for the Southern ilission, and tbesearaounts have been passed on to theTreasurers.

224 Editorial Notes.—Olive Trees regrets that in the raakeupof June nuraber the following sentenceswere dropped out of Rev. J. W. F. Carlisle'sexcellent artiele on "The Taking ofDegrees in the School of the Master." Insertthem at the head ofthe left-hand coluranof page 180 and read the paperagain:'' The second degree is B. S. Reader, areyou a B. S. in the university of the Masler?What does the title raean? Baptizedwilh the Spirit of God and ChristJesus, John 1:33 and Acts 1:5."This title is distinct frora the B. A.While John 3d speaks of the necessity ofthe lalter, it is Jobn 7:37 that shows theblessedness of the B. S. 'If any manthirst, lel hira corae unto Me and drink—out of his heart shall flow rivers of livingwater.' The overflowing life of sucba scholar! Sorae disciples are like Hagarin the woods, they carry all their livingwhaler in a bottle filled at the spring—others are cisterns, sorae babbling brooks;but a B. S. disciple is like the Nile, itoverfiows with life for olhers. The Bookof the Aets shows the iraportance of thetitle."—Special attention is called to the reportsof Boards and extraets frora theannual stateraents of the raissionaries,Dublished in this number. It will be seenthat one ordained missionary is needed forCyprus and anotber for Asia Minor, bothinviting fields. Who will consecrate tberaselvesto the Lord to-day for this service ?The call is loud and from the Head of theOhurch.*—The Fleraing H. Eevell Co., NewYorlc, Chicago and Toronto, has sent ustwo voluraes tbat will be read wilh greatinterest by all wbo are praying for thespread of the truth and the triuraph ofChristianity:Ea,st of the Barrier; or Side Lights onthe Manchuria Mission. Rev. J. MillerGraham, Missionary of the United FreeChurch of Scotland. Price, $1.00, andThe Cross of Ghrist in Bolo Land. Rev.John Marvin Dean, formerly an ArmySecretary of the International Gommitteeof Young Men's Christian Association inthe PhiUppine Islands. Price, $1.00.In these books we see tbe providence ofthe Mediator preparing the way, the powerof the gospel over men through the agencyof His Spirit, and a prophecy of His confessedsovereignty in fulfiUraent of theCovenant proraise. AVe gladly coraraendthera lo our readers. This is the kindof literature tbat should be in the handsof old and young. II strengthens faithand inspires to strenuous effort.A church in thc far West owed a $28,000 debt. A rainister, taking charge, askedof it the salary of a foreign missionary; organized the women, young people, andchildren into foreign missionary societies ; later they supported sixieen scholarships,lour Bible women, four schools, and averaged $1L50 per raeraber a year, and 183souls were added to them in a great revival that followed.. We have the power, ifwc wiil bul lake possession ot it, to set this country on fire for missions.—Selected.The spiritual life is not knowing, not hearing, but doing. We only know so faras we can do. We learn to do so by doing. What we do truly, rightly, in the wayof duly, that, and only that, we are.—Frederick W. Robertson.Use what talents you possess. The work of the world is done mostly by ordinaryabiUty, while geniuses are waiting for splendid opportunities.

O L I V E T R E E SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary Work in the Reformed PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. AUGUST, 1902.QUESTIONS OF THE HOUR.THE DOCTRINAL VALUE OF MIS­SIONS.ness of the Church. How shall ChristianRev. J. B. Gilmore, York, N. Y. . people keep their faith strong in the truthfulnessof God's Word? There are manyTbe value of niissions to tbe horaeChurch is one of the best lessons learnedby Christian people in recent raissionaryprogress. The beneflt derived from engagingin mission work wbich has beennoticed most is tbe flnancialbeneflt. Thisis natural, since it was financial weaknessto the horae Cburch wbich Chrislian peopleraostfeared would result if tbey shouldgive liberally to missions, and consequentlythe financial phase of missionslhey most studied. That sludy revealedthe fact that mission work not only doesnot weaken the home Cburch, butstrenglhpns il, and does this in so great adegree that in reality the bome Churchcannot live witbout doing mission work.The financial question never standsalone. If Cbristian people are giving welland wiUingly to tbe Lord's work, it is becausethey are in a healthy spiritual'conditiongenerally. Interesi in missions aidsthe flnancial condUion of the Church becauseit also a,ids tbe Church in every way.We wish at this lime to consider one ofthese many beneflts aside from tbe financial,which missions render to the Churcb.We wish to consider the doctrinal valueof raissions.Tbe present is a time of much unfriendlyand depreciating criticism of the doctrinesof the Bible. This criticism is tendingraore and raoreto lessen the earnest­proofs of ils truthfulness—evidences internaland external. Araong these a practicaland powerful proof is the work ofChristian raissions.To begin with, we will notice in theUght of Cbristian raissions one of the doctrinesraost unpopular to the proud huraanheart, that of Total Depravity. There isa story told how "an old Scotch woraan,whose enthusiasra for her faith outstrippedher vocabulary, once reraarked that everypoint of doctrine recognized by her Churchwas practical to every-day life. 'For instance,'she explained, 'there's rauckle tobe gained from Total Depravity if ye e'enlive up lo it'" This doctrine is of vitalimportance for Christian people to understand.Our zeal for Chrisi will be measuredlargely by tbe real and living con^ception we have of tbe needs of sinners. Dowe think of their spiritual raalady whilewithout Christ, as raerelyserious, or fatal ?The Bible teaches us that sinners withoutChrist are "lost," are "dead," are"dead in trespasses and sins." This istotal depravity. It does not mean thatfallen man is as bad as he can be, butthat he is in a state whicb raakes bimcapable of the worst sin, and from whichhe cannol save himself. This sad truth is

226 Questions of the Hour.confirraed by raissions. It is conclusivelyderaonstrated there, not because tbere areno totally depraved sinners outside of raissionfields, but because it is in raissionfields that we see the sinner unraodified byeleraents of Christian refineraent whichthe superficial often mistake for evidencesof the self-attainment of at least partialrighteousness. When men make observationsof teraperature, they seek a positionwhere they are free frora the infiuence oflocal conditions. So, to judge of the characterof the unregenerate huraan heart wemust lake our stand beyond the sphere ofChristian influences which raay haveadded certain attractive qualities to thelife, though the person is still inwardlyunchanged, a sinner at heart, and whollyat enraity against God. Missionaries havenever found any people successfully savingtheraselves, nor any one person so doing.The religion of a people raay well be consideredthe raeasure of their atterapt torise. Keeping this in view, we can seethe awful signiflcance of the descriptionof the lost eondition of the heathen givenin Roraans, the first chapter. They"changed the glory of the uncorruptibleGod into an image raade like lo corruptibleraan, and to birds, and four-footed beastsand creeping things." They "changed tbetruth of God into a lie and worshippedand served the creature raore than theCreator, Who is blessed forever." So ithas ever been with all huraan religions;acts of worship are associated with sins ofbase depravily. An erainent raissionarywbo spent raany years in Ceylon, in speakingof the Hindu religion, has said lhal hewbo would faithfully translate into Englishsorae of the Hindu sacred books wouldbecome infamously faraous. The reUgiouscondition of China is powerfully syrabolizedin the horrible flgureof the dragonwhich is displayed everywhere throughouithat great heathen land. Of the Chinesedragon we are told "the bead is like acamel's, but has the borns of a roebuck, theeyes of a rabbit, the ears of a cow; theneck is that of a snake, the belly a frog's,the scales those of a fish, the claws of ahawk, the tail of a tiger. Who or whatthis dragon is no one can say. But herales in the air and be bears tbe wboleearth; when he bestirs his hideous membersthere comes a change of fortune forgood or ill. Offerings must therefore bemade to hira, and feasts kept. Woe to anyone who injures him." Mohamraedanism,though il has by some writers been ignorantlypraised as containing many virtues,is another illustration of the trutb of thedoctrine we are considering. S. M.Zwemer, who has wriiten so extensivelyconcerning Arabia from the standpointboth of a thorough scholar and earnestraissionary, gives this as the result of hisstudy and observation of Mohararaedanisra: "The conscience is petrified; legalityis the highest forra of worship; virtueis to be like tbe prophet. The Arabiclanguage has no every-day word for conscience,and the present book term useddoes not even occur in tbe Koran. I bavenever seen an Arab child blush." Speakingof Mecca, he says, "Mecca is the sinkholefor a Moslem world of iniquity."Illustrations similar to these we have mentionedexist without number. These, bowever,are sufficient to show that men withoutChrist are without hope, and that thegospel Christian people are privileged locarry lo the unsaved is that through whichsouls are delivered from the power ofdarkness and translated into tbe kingdoraof God's dear Son. Anotber doclrineverified by raissions is that of Salvationby Grace Alone. Missionaries, as we haveseen, find men totally sunken in sin, andutterly unable to rise. The first thingthey do^ and the first tbing necessarily todo, is lo preach the free pardon of sin

through Chrisi. Tbis is flnely stated inthe language of Robert Moffat, quoted byJanies S. Dennis: "Much bas been saidabout civilizing savages before atteraptingto evangelize tbem. This is a theory whichhas obtained an extensive prevalenceamong the wise men of tbis world, but wehave never yet seen a practical demonrtrationof its truth. We ourselves areconvincedthat evangelization must precedecivilization. It is very easy in a•country of high reflnement to speculateon what migbt be done among rude andsavage men, but the Christian raissionary,the only experiraentalist, bas invariablyfound that to make the frait good the treemust flrst be raade good. Notbing lessthan divine grace ean reform the heartsof savages, after wbicb the mind is susceptibleof those instructions which teachthem to adorn the gospel tbey profess."StUl another doctrine we would raentionhere, the truthfulness of wbich is illustratedin raissions,is Chrisl's MediatorialKingship Over tbe Naiions. Missionariesare engaged in a work whicb has for ilsaim the overthrow of all religions otherthan the gospel, and the bringing of allnations into conforraity to the trutb ofChrist. The pledge that this will be accomplishedis the truth that Christ basalready been given all authority over thenations. Tbe rigbt of the missionary topreach the gospel in any nation is but amanifestation of tbe authority of Christover that nation. Tbis suprerae authorityof Chrisi is'stated in language as coraprehensiveand speciflc as anything we canconceive, and is of sucb practical importancethat it is united wilh the Saviour'spromise of His presence given for tbeKiissionary's constant meditation and comfort."AU authority hath been given untoMe in beaven and on earth. Go ye,therefore, and make disciples of all tbenations, baptizing them into tbe name ofQuestions of the Hour. 227the Father, and of the Son, and of theHoly Ghost: teaching them to observe allthings whatsoever I comraanded you: andlo, I am with you alway, even unto theend of tbe world."The truth of a doctrine is its power. Astherefore we see the truth of the gospelmanifested in missions, we also see itspower. The Atonement has been to unnuraberedraultitudes of souls burdenedand degraded by sin, the power of Godunto salvation, as was promised that itshould be. Dr. A. J. Gordon, in his "HolySpiril in Missions," points out the effectof the doctrine of a suffering Saviour inthe contrast between the meihods of thepioneer missionaries to Greenland, HansEgede and his successor, John Beck. Theformer worked for many years under theraistaken theory that the heathen mustbe prepared by a course of training forreeeiving the gospel. As a result befailed and left the field in bitter disappointment.His successor, on tbe otherhand, began by preaehing the simple raessageof Chrisi. "One seed of Scripturefrora his lips—the slory of the Saviour'sagony in the garden—fell inlo the heartof a savage by the narae of Kajarnak—into a heart all overgrown and chokedwith the thorns of barbarisra—and iraraediatelyit gerrainated and brought forthfrail. The stolid savage beqarae a disciple;the disciple becarae an evangelistiHis dull heart kindled with astonishingglow, wbile wilb flowing tears and resistlesspathos be recited to bis countrymenthe story of the Cross." The Inspirationof the Bible is a vexed question of our day,and raany critics speak as though the doctrineis of no vital iraportance. But whenwe lurn to the raission fleld, then it is thatwe see the necessity for, and power of,the inspired Word. The strength of tberaissionary is in tbe faitb that heis preaching what, and just what, Cbrist

228 Questions of the Hour.has coraraanded hira. Williara Duncan, in sleep I drearaed of tbe blood of Jesusof Metlakahtla, Alaska, tells the followingincident:Christ, shed for rae." It is in niissionsthat we see the beauiy of holiness, in the"One of the raost erabarrassing questionslives of those who have been literallyever put to rae by an Indian wasput when I flrst went among the Indianstransforraed by the gospel and raade sonoticeably new in Chrisi Jesus. It is thereat Fort Sirapson. 'What do you mean by too that we see shining with clear luster1858 ?' 'It represents tbe nuraber of yearslhal we have had the gospel of God in thethe grace of Patience. It has been pointedout by writers who bave examined theworld.' 'Why did you not tell us of this statistics that the tirae required to be spent •before? Why were not our forefathers in each of a number of the most prorainenttold this ?' I looked upon that as a poser.'Have you got the Word of God ?'—equivalentraission fieldsof the world before the winningof the firstconvert was about sevento saying, 'Have you got a letter frora years. And just bere we are remindedGod ?' 'Yes, I have God's letter.' T want lhal the Covenanter Mission in Chinato see it.' I then gol ray Bible. Eeraeraber,whieh has recently reporied the joyfulthis was ray flrst introduction. I new^s of the baptism of its first convertwanted thera to understand that I had notbrought a raessage frora the white man inhas spent well nigb seven years in faithfulwork, and waiting and prayer before theEngland or anywhere else, but from the reaping of that first fruit. Shall we inKing of kings, the God of Heaven. They the horae Church not learn frora all thiswanted to see that. It was ruraored all the lesson of patience ? And sball we notover the carap that I had a message from also recognize and lay to heart the subUmeGod. The raan carae inlo the house and lesson of Faith that underlies the patienceI showed hira the Bible. He pul his fingervery cautiously upon it and said, 'Is lhalthe Word ?' 'Yes, it is.' 'The Word froraof the raissionaries ? They endure as seeingHira AVho is invisible.Now it raay be asked over against allGod?' 'Yes, U is.' 'Has He sent U that we have said of the doctrinal value ofto us ?' 'He has, just as much as He has• to me.' 'Are you going to lell the Indiansraissions. How is it tbal the advance missionarymovement of our day should bethat?' 'I ara.' He said, 'Good; that is contemporary with a conspicuous andvery good.'"Looking al still another phase of thedoclrines of the gospeh it is lo be observedwidespread assault upon the integrity ofthe Bible, led by persons prominent invarious evangelical denorainations? Thislhal raissions reveal their preciousness. does seera strange. Yel we believe itMany a Christian in the horae Church has can be explained. Missions are not studiedlearned frora the lives of converts in and appreciated as they should be. Greatheathen lands to appreciate as never beforehis own rederaption, purchased by theas raission work is to-day, it is still carriedon by the coraparatively few, when we considerblopd of Christ. Sorae of the incidents inthe strength of the Church. Andconneclion wilh the preaching of the gos­.pel lo the heathen are exceedingly beautiful.as tp the prorainent scholars who are unfriendlyor indifferenl lo any of the greatA certain convert once told the ira­doclrines of the gospeh '^e believe it willpression upon.his raind the firstnight heheard; preached the truth that Jesus hadshed -His blood for hira. • He said.: "Evenbe found that as a rule, Ihough there arenotable exceplions, they are not deeply interestedin and syrapaihetic with missions.

Questions of the Hour. 229S. H. Kellogg, in his book on "Corapara- lieve, will apply lo those who in any waytive Eeligions," makes this remark: "I are untrue to the principles of the goshaveobserved, during many years' resi- pel. A careful and conscientious studydenee in India, and an acquaintance raore of raissions confirras the truthfulness ofthan usually extensive witb raissions and God's Word.. If we wish to be sirong inmissionaries in every part of the world, faUb in Christ and His Word, we needthat raen and women who entertain so only enter earnestly inlo His work.favorably views of tbe various ethnic re- He has coraraanded us to give the gospelligions, as all alike raore or less perfect to the world. Andin this sphere of Christrevelationsof tbe mind and will of God, ian service it is true as in every other,are very rarely found in the missionary "If any raan will do His will, he shaUranks." A sirailar line of reraark, we be- knowof the doctrine whether it be ofGod."Men carry unconscious signs of their life about them. Those that come from theforge, and those from the Ume and mortar, and those frora the humid soil, and thosefrom dusty travel, bear signs of being workraen and oftheir work. One need notask a merry face or a sad one whether it hath corae forth from joy or from grief.Tears and laughter tell their own story. Should one come horae wdth fruit, we say:"Thou art come from the orchard;" if with hands full of wild flowers: "Thou artfrom the fields ;" if one's garments smell of mingled odors, we say: "Thou hastwalked in a garden." But howmuch more, if one has seen God, has held converseof hope and love and hath walked ip heaven, should he carry in his eye, his wordsand his perfumed raiinent the sacred tokens of divine intercourse !—Henry WardBeecher.Of the 478 ancient and modern translations of the Bible, 456 have been raade bymissionaries, and the annual circulation in what are known as raission fieldsis over3,250,000, largely portions, but wilh nearly 95,000 entire Bibles There is, too, thecirculation of the tract societies ; but, in a sense, raostsignificant of all is the presenceof 159 raission publishing houses and presses, sending forlh, annuaUy,10,800.000 volumes, with 380,0i)0.u00 pages. The trinity of preacher, teacher andprinter is a power before which no superstition, no oppression, can long endure.—Review of Reviews.Self-support in Fiji.—The statement is abroad, and appears to be well authenticated,that the Wesleyan missionaries in the Fiji Islands are considering the desirabiUtyof withdrawing in the main from work in the islands, and leaving the nativeChristians to themselves to work out their own form of government and doclrine.We cannot say how true this statement is, but think what it raeans ! Within a lifetimethese cannibal islanders have been thoroughly Christianized, and lo such adegree that the withdrawal of the missionaries can be safely contemplated ! Thatassuredly is a great achievementi—27ie Missionary Review ofihe World.A missionary says : "I have but one candle oflife to burn, and would rather burnit out where people are dying in darkness than in a land which is flooded wilh lighti"

230 News of the Churches.N E W S OF T H E CHURCHES.ABROAD.Latakia, Syria.-—A letter frora MissMaggie B. Edgar, written April 30, containsthe foUo'wing paragraph:The Greek Easier feast is just over.None of its custoras perhaps show so well,to an onlooker, how far tbe Greek Churchhas departed in its observances frora theChristian spirit as this. At earliest break ofday the church bells or gongs begin to ringand the priests go frora door to door callingtheir parishioners to the early churchservice. This over, the religious work ofthe day is done. Guns are flred and tbedruras begin to beat, and tbe revelry oftbe day begins. Men go frora house tobouse beating a large drura called a "tubble,"and playing a kind of flute, with amonkey or a peepshow to attract a crowd.The beating of the "lubble" is kept up allday and far inlo the night. Every houseis open and visiting, feasting and drunkennessare the order of tbe day. It is notunusual, as we go to Sabbath school in themorning, to see young boys reeling drunkIhrough the streets. Our services are disturbedby the noise, and there are no outsiderspresent on this day. The feast laststhree days, bul the Sabbath is the greatestand the noisiest, and this is the way inwhich the clergy and people of tbe GreekCburch commeraorate, or rather desecrate,the day, intended by lhem as a meraorialof our Ijord's resurrection. It is good,bowever, to see that there are very fewabsentees from among our own people,either morning or afternoon, and ourSabbaih services are a witness againstthe desecration all about us.Under date of May 31, Eev. Jas. S.Stewart sends tbe following report:The Lord's Supper was observed in Latakialast Sabbath, May 25. Tbe totalnumber of native coraraunicants was sixty-three.Five young persons were reeeivedon profession, sorae of whora deservespecial raention. Pray witb us thattbey raay be preserved blameless unto theappearing of our Lord Jesus Cbrist. One ofthera is a young raan from Bahamra, a sonof Teacher Asad Canaan, who died abouttbe tirae I carae to the fleld. The boy hasbeen al least partially initiated into theAnsairia religion, at Tarsus, but be professesnow to be willing to forsake all andfollow Christ, as bis father did. Hespent some years in tbe boarding schoohAnother is a young woraan frora Huras,the niece of our evangelist, Ishak Sheraa,witb whom sbe is living for tbe present, asber mother is dead. Her faraily are Greekorthodox. She seeras to be a very goodand promising girl. Another is a youngwoman brought up in the Kessab CongregationalChurch. Another is a boy fromour Gunaimia flock, and trained in theboarding scbool. Tbe flfthis a young raanbelonging to one of the principal Greekorthodox farailies in Latakia, and a graduateof the boarding school. He was preventedfor some tirae frora joining us byhis family, but at length obtained theirconsent. Eor several years he bas beenCharles's special friend and companion.This year since he flnished his course inschool, he has been teaching CharlesArabic, and in turn bas been taugbt Englishby him. We have made his conversiona special subject of prayer, and haveabundant reason for thanksgiving on hisbehalf. He will perhaps attend theProtestant College in Beirut next year.We had raeetingsfor prayer during theweek previous to the communion, and I

News of the Churches. 231preached on Friday evening and SaturdayP. M. Rev. C. A. Dodds gave us an excellentserraon on the forenoon of theSabbath, and in the afternoon, after theusual exercises, all communed at the sametirae. Several raerabers were bere froraBaharara and Jendairia. We had a raeetingon Sabbath evening also, and on Mondayevening I preached the closing discoursefrora Jude 21, firstclause, E. V.,"Keep yourselves in tbe love of God." Thespirit and attendance were good throughout.Tbe services were more soleran andhelpful to me than usual, because tbat onSaturday I received the information tbatraother had passed away. These communionseasons are very precious to us,and give special opportunity to set thetrutb before strangers. Many attend outof curiosity, but some perhaps from highermotives.The repori of Tartous schools is encouraging;over 100 attend eacb day.Some of them are frora a neighboringMaronite village, where two or three personshave shown interest in the gospel.Tbe priests bave tried to prevent thespread of tbe truth, but do not succeed.If we could only have access to the Ansairiaas the tobacco merchants do thesedays, and arouse one-quarter part of theinterest tbey do, we would be able to reportmarvellous success in our undertakings.But there is a good time coraing.Suadia, Syria.—The foUowing letter,dated May 17, 1902, is frora Mrs. MyrtaMay Dodds lo "Dear Home Priends":There was never a time since we caraeto the Mission fieldtbat we were more inneed ofthe prayers of our friends at homethan during the two weeks frora April 13-37, just tbe time that our names were onyour prayer cycle for special remembrance.We were at the point in which we felt ourextreme helplessness and wben our crywas, "Show us Thy way, 0 Lord, we knownot wbich way to turn!" Our second littleson was seriously and strangely ill, ourbappy comraunion season was over, andtbe parents of two little girls, who badso gladly confessed their Saviour, were apparentlytoo angry to be pacified. Mr.Dodds has wriiten to you how wonderfullythe Lord answered our and yourprayers and bow, in the storra, peace carae.The lillie girl is slill in school, happy asa bird.In the picture you can see, coming behindMiss Cunninghara, the four Fellaheengirls who have united with our lilliechurch in Suadia the past year. ForThursday afternoon prayer raeeting. Sabbathschool and preaching, and for theSabbaih afternoon prayer raeeting everyweek, during tbe scbool year, you can seetbe school girls coraing up the bill lo ourlittle chapel. Miss Cunningham in tbefront, and the faithful teacher in therear. Bevond the wall and orange treesis tbe Girls' School building. Beyond theschoolhouse—which is Miss Cunningham'sbome—is the horae of M. Ibrahira, ouraged licentiate. The little houses dottedabout will give you an idea of bow Suadialooks—^not a city, as you see. In the distanceis the Mediterranean Sea.II was down that path—the path betweentwo beacons of the light of Jesus'love, the scbool for boys and the schbolfor girls, that the angry parenls went,cursing their Christian child and tearingtheir hair. It was no light burden thatday to look from the window by the bedsideof a suffering little son and wonder ifany life would be talcen soon. Our littleboy grew worse. Dr. Balph carae froraLatakia, and he, with Miss Cunningham,advised us to lake him to the raountainsassoon as possible. Before the two specialweeks for prayer were past, our little onewas better, and now we are in Kessab

232 News of the Churches.earlier this year than ever before. Thismountain air is helping us all.ilr. Dodds was down in Suadia lastSabbath and preached to a full house ofattentive hearers. He is here for a fewdays, but will be in Suadia two weeks thenext trip. II is no easy journey of twentyrailes,over raostterrible roads in places.However, we did not corae to Turkey forcase and corafort. Our chief concern is to"work while it is day, for the night sooncometh."of them greatly changed, and now theirone desire is to have their son horae again.The father said to me yesterday, "I didnot know his wortb when he was here, butthe neighbors reviled me for allowing rayson lo be an apostate. I have since foundout that they go theraselves to yourchurch, and I said to thera, 'If it is such abad place for ray son, why do you go sofrequently ?' They said, 'Oh, but we don'tbecorae like thera; we only go lo pass liraeor for some advantage,' " and then be sentgirls' school going to pray ER meeting. (Seepage 231.)Under date of ilay 8, Miss Cunninghamwrites:People heve are all busy with the silkworms and have hardly tirae to eat orsleep. Yesterday I went to see the raotherof one of our raembers wdio is in Tarsusat present. Ilis father and mother madeit so unpleasant for him that he wasobliged to leave horae and hire out as afarra servant in Tarsus. They have bothhis wife to see what our church servicereally was like. She has attended theworaan's raeeting, and is quite reconciledthat her son should be a Protestant. Shesaid, "I wdsh all my children were likeSimaan, and please God if he coraes homeagain it will be different. No one wiUever come into ray house that tries lo stirup either his father or rae,'' and then shelaunched out into a catalogue of all his

News of the Churches. 233virtues, patience and goodness, etc. Whata change! I reraeraber going to see berand the father would not corae in to thehouse, and she told rae that it would rejoiceber beart if some one would take hisclothes off and send him baclc to us bleedingand nalced. In patience possess yeyour souls. I would bave liked to baveread to tbem, but they were gatheringleaves for the worras and we could do noreading tben, but tbey proraised to coraeon Sabbaih if al all possible.School work and all our other work isgoing on as usual. There were thirty-fiveat service on Sabbath besides the schoolchildren and the teachers.Another letter from Miss Cunninghara,dated May 26, tells of a Fellahie convert:Last week the raother of one of raygirls carae to see her. It is the firstliraeshe has visited her since she becarae aChristian. She said to rae, "My girl is agreat wonder to rae. My husband has beenaway in Tarsus for a year, and wheneverI think about hira I trerable, and she hasthirteen brothers and uncles, not to speakof other relatives, all of thera strong raen,[naming thera one by one to rae on herfingers] and she has tbe daring to defythera all and become a Christian. Trulyyou wUl be responsible for tbis girl's deathand also for mine." I said, "God willprotect both you and her. You have beena Fellahie aU your days; tell rae what coraforthave you had ?" She said,"God Icnows,my Ufe bas been one of raisery, but I ara soafraid. I have eaten raany beatings. Ifnothing happens to us when her fathercoraes, I will corae and burn incense toyou." I ara afraid they wUl not aUowher to return to school next year. Shehas been engaged to be raarried for overtwo years. She is a very brigbt girl andtrying hard to iraprove. May it be givento her to lead her mother to the Saviour.I inclose her picture, taken by Mrs. Doddsjust before lhey went to Kessab. Lastweek we were out in a garden and thegardener's wife, who is a Fellahie, said tothis girl, "You will have to be differentwhen you go home to your husband'shouse." She became very pale, but'saidnothing al the tirae. After a little' sheturned lo rae and said, "How nice it wouldbe if one could only reraain little.'' I said,"No; that would not be a good way to dothe Lord's work. We ought rather to wishto be like Jesus, growing in grace andwisdora." How rauch they need ourprayers, ilay they all be true and faithfulwitnesses.There is really a great work going onamongst the Fellaheen, aUhough much ofit is under the surface. Many of theirchiefs attend our services and have a veryfair knowledge of the gospel, and someof them have their boys in school. Weraay not seethe harvest, but it is coming.

234 News of the Churches.Writing on the 26th of May, Rev. J.Boggs Dodds says:Yesterday was as flne a Sabbath as oneeould wish. Our little cbapei was wellfllled. This is to us a special feature, asjust at this particular time the people aregenerally engaged in feeding their silkworras and have not lirae to attend to suchthings as church services. But I ara gladto say that our own people are setting avery good exaraple about tbis silk business.I think that the constant attendance ofour people at church in this busy season,and the blessing that they have in theproducts of their labor, bas been tbe raeansof arresting the thought of sorae neighbors,causing thera to consider the clairasof religion even in the busiest seasons.We are glad to see tbal the brethren allhave been fairly successful witb their silkthis year so far as gelting a crop is success.But as yel no one knows what theprice is to be.We had a little surprise in the cbapeiyesterday. When our afternoon service,which takes the forra of a prayer meeting,led by one of the brethren, was well begun,a young Moslera of about twenty camestriding in to the chapel. Now this wouldseem to be a very desirable thing. Buthad you been here, and had you seen theway in which the woraen present startedvisibly and began to cover up their faces,you would have wondered what had happened.It was the entrance of this youngMoslera. I was very glad, for ray part,that he carae in, and wished that thewomen, especially the older ones, hadmade less ado over the matter. But as Ireflected on the raatter, I could not blaraethera very rauch for what they did. It isentirely incoraprehensible to Westernersthat the entrance of this young raanshould raise such a coraraotion. Menlooked as if they wanted to put the fellowout of the house. The stranger seeraedto be lost in surroundings that were quitestrange to hira, and especially as sorae ofthe raen were not at all careful to concealtheir disapproval of his entrance.You must take into consideration thatthe Moslem religion allows every raan toconsider that the woman whose face is uncoveredand who makes no effort to shelterherself from bis gaze, offers herself absolutelyto bis pleasure (beastliness,rather), and when you consider tbatneither man nor woraan of the nativepopulation has any redress whatever if theMoslem is disposed lo take advantage ofthe situation, one can not blame thewomen for shunning their eyes. If thewife of a native Christian sbould be insulted,ber face being uncovered, her busbandwould be laughed al for any coraplainttbal be would raake, and would belold to put his "little sow in her pen."With ladies of foreign citizenship it isdifferent. In tbe firstplaee, the customsof the West are known to give woraanfreedora frora sueh restraints, and again,if any insult were lo be offered to a foreignlady, the raatter would be redressed by theconsular court at once."It raakes no difference what a raan believesso long as he acts all right." Nogreater fallacy was ever perpetrated onraan. When it is known that a raan'screed gives free rein to all that is low andsensual in fallen huraanity, he is at onceunder the ban of all decent society, andpeople are justified in talcing adequateraeasures against hira carrying out theprobabilities of his creed. Tbis awfultyranny in social affairs has a sure reraedyin the purifying gospel of the Lord Jesus,the fountain of all purity, social and individual.How are we to aeeoraplish therenovation of society ? Jusl as the apostlespurified Corinlh and Rome: by the preachingof the gospel frora the pulpit, in theclass roora, in the social circle, and in a

News of the Churches. 235daily life of purity in thought, word anddeed. It can be done, and it will be done.The only question that need concern us iswhether we who have now the chance towork, will do it, or, being faint-hearted,leave it to a future generation to accomplish."AU at it all the time."We are all of one heart and mind aboutthat friend wbo was lately taken awayfrom us, Hugh O'Neill. For years be badbeen a great friend of missionaries becausethey were missionaries.Mersina, Asia Minor.—A letter fromEev. R. J. Dodds, dated May 24, 1903,contains the following incident:Yesterday I talked with a Maronitepriest, and he argued for the necessity ofthe mass on the ground tbat Christ's onesacrifice could not have atoned for sins notyet committed at the tirae He died. Onmy asserting that it was sufficient to atonefor aU, and offering him Scriptural prooffrom Hebrews, he said: "Well, now, convinceme of that and I will abandon myselfto every vice, and tbe gratification ofaU my desires." "Buti" said I, "in thatcase wbat must we conclude as to the characterof your faith ? Faith whicb does notproduce spiritual fruit is dead. The manwho becomes a child of God and has thegift of faith cannot bul raanifesthis faithin his life."A letter, dated June 9, brings interestingileras from Miss McNaughton:The girls and boys have all gone to tbeirhomes and Miss Sterrett and I miss themerry voices of two bundred or more childrenas we go through the deserted buildingslooking after various odds and endswhich are included in the completion ofour year's work. Tbis bas been a tryingyet very pleasant year. The flnal examinationsshowed a marked improvement overformer years, especially in the religiousstudies. The day after our schools closedI made a tour of our mission field—accompaniedby two of our teachers. Thepeople seeraed delighted to see us. Infour days we raade over fifly visits. Atall the services tbere was an average attendanceof tbirty. The attendance wouldhave been rauch greater had all the peoplebeen at bome, but many were at work invillages too far from horae to return fortbe Sabbath. The people were very kindand hospitable to us—judging from tbecucurabers, leben, sweets and coffee wewere forced to partake of. Sorae of tbewomen clung to me and said: "You mustMiss STERRETT'S FELLAHIE GIRLS.not leave us. You must stay wilb us. Weare sheep without a shepherd."In Adana, as I was returning fromservice on Sabbath, I had some onecalling my name over and over. On turningaround I carae face to face with oneof ray former boys, now a young nian. Heleft us three years ago and I had not seenhira since. To ray sorrow, I learned hehad becorae a noted garabler and a verywicked young raan. But tbe prayersoffered on his behalf were not in vain. Ifound him on this beautiful Sabbath, witba bright and bappy face, rejoicing in thenew life.

236 Niws of ^he'> Churched.' Many of the boys who were in "schoolthis year had never really heard of Christbefore. Sorae iraagine Araerica is beaven,and it is easy for us to be good, but veryhard-for thera. Every year boys drop outfrora the different classes, never to'returnto the' school again. -Only one boy reniainswho was in school when I came toilersina fiveyears ago. Whal we do rausthe done quickly and well. Will you notspecially ask for us and ours God's blessing? AA^e thank Hira daily for giving usso large a nuraber of dear ones to train forHira, and for good Christian teachers.It is a happy work. It is His work.China.—Rev. A. I. Robb, writing May13, has soraething to say that will interestour readers:I ara glad to repori us all in goodhealth. The children soraetiraes have anoff day, and we all are subject to sorae ofthe ills of the flesh, bul there is nothing ofa serious nature or that is worth writinghorae, as it is all over and forgotten beforeour friends hear of il.The ladies are doing good work. I thinkthey have just finished the ''Sara TszKing," or "Three-Character Classic,"which contains sorae four hundred differentcharaeters. This they have learned inthe last two raonths or less, and when oneremembers, that the character must belearned, its proper tone and meaning andall tied together in one's raind in sucha way that to get one is to get all three, itis not bad progress at all, as the cautiousScotchraan says by way of praise.The rebellion of which you speak seerasto attract rauch raore attenlion elsewherethan it does here. Reports are very contradictory,and we hear little of the realstatus of things that,is reliable. It seeraslo be certainly true that a large districtsorae two hundred railes above us is overrunby robbers, who are well arraed witbmodern rifies, ankl 'wdtli whom the.author-'•ities haVe beeen unable to cope. The unusual-droughthas added to their nurabers,and that particular districi is in a verybad 'fix. But I think it about as wel•established', that it is only robbers, andthere is no politica} raove behind it whatp•ever. The fact that they have only suchresources as the loot they obtain is sufficientevidence that they are not prepared-for aggressive work. Al the sarae lirae,lhey are largely disbanded soldiers, andsoldiers sent against thera are only halfheartedin their attacks, and there is-alwaysthe possibility of a robber beginningleading to greater Ihings. So far it hasnot affected us in any way.Recently there were robbers rauchnearer to us, but we have had sorae goodrains wilhin the week, practically endinga drought such as no one ever saw here.No rain frora Oct. 1 until May 10, exceptsorae passing showers. The first seasonwe were in China it rained forty-two daysin succession before the 1st of April. Ofcourse it did not rain hard every day, butthe season was the opposite extrerae fromthis one.Our worlc is raoving along rather slowdy.I have been putting all the time I canspare on the language for awhile, onlypreaching on Sabbath. We have been unableas yet to find any native helpers, andwe are waiting on God lo raise one upfrom among the people here. The teacherfor the ladies is earnestly trying to find asatisfactory way to reject the truth, buthis honesty is a serious obstacle in theway. He is one of the few who dare toface facts, and at present he is trying withall his might to put Christ and Confuciuson the sarae plane. He is willing to leteverything go but Confucius, and he isnot willing to put Christis teachings firstiRecently he sneered at the idea of Christdying to redeera raen. And in reading

News of the, Churches. 237I. Cor. 1:23 be said tbat was exactly true.ilen considered it foolishness. However,we are teaching hira and praying for him,glad to find an honest, even if antagonisticpupil.I do not know whether I am exceedingmy authority or not, but I have announcedcommunion the first Sabbath of July. Wehope the friends at home will give the helpof their prayers for us.AATth a rapidity almost equal to that ofthe destruction, things are getting baclcnot lo their norraal position siraply, but toa deal in advance of that. The scatteredmissionaries are coraing back by the hundreds,with raany new ones added. TheImperial Governraent bas issued edicts fortheir protection. Governors of provinces.are sending thera urgent invitations toreturn and resume their work; indemnitiesfor the loss of tbeir property bavealready been paid thera in full, witb butrare exceplions, before as yel the foreignpowers have got a cent of theirs; theirgreat school buildings are going up raorestately and capacious than before; theirdwellings are rising up out of tbeir ashes;their chapels are being replaced on a rauchlarger scale. More tban all that, the raissionariesare being treated with "distinguishedconsideration" everywhere, areconsulted on great raeasures of reforra,are invited to take the presidency of thecolleges lhey propose to found to proraotethe new education. And still more thanthat again, and still raore inspiring, theattenlion of raultitudes is turned to theconteraplalionof Chrislianily as never before.Chrislian books are in deraand andBibles are caUed for. Eecently sorae ofthe high officials bave been raaking largepresents to help on in ceriain branchesof work, one even sending $3,000 to Dr.Timothy Eichard to aid hira in "thediffusion of Chrislianily and generalknowledge." And the great student body,1,000,000 strong, is getting ready for araorning marcb, keeping step to a newniusic, in which the notes of the silvertrumpet played, whereby missionaries'voices are heard leading the strains.^-Rev. William Ashmore in the Standard:Africa.—At the Student Volunteer.Convention at Toronto, Canada, Rev. H.E. Fox, Secretary of the Church MissionarySociety, told how^ the Bishop of Uganda,successor to Hannington, became araissionary:Alfred Tucker, a young artist, stoodpainting the picture of "A Lost Woraan."As the picture carae frora his glowingbrush, the painter becarae raore and raoreabsorbed in the tragedy of life whicb betried to portray. A woraan, povertystricken, thinly clad, pressing her baby toher breast, was depicted walking along adark, deserted street. Every door wasclosed. Faint lights fiickCred and raadethe darkness deeper. As siroke afterstroke developed the misery, the agony, onthe woman's face, the painter was overwhelraedby a turault of pain and pity.He threw his brush on the floor,crying,"Why nol go and seek to save the reallylosl?" Forthwith he resolved to preparehiraself for the work of the rainistry ofthe gospel. He went lo Oxford, and at theUniversity used his pencil to make hisliving and pay his fees.His student days done, he served quietlyfor two years in the Nortb of England;but, ever seeking the lost and the lowly, hegave up his appointment and went to workin the slums of London. He was led intolabor in the office of tbe Cburcb MissionarySociety. But one day he came lo ilr.Fox and said be could no longer satisfyhis conscience with such work in a land ofso much light. His deep desire was to goto the darkest places and seek the most

238 News of the Churches.hopeless of the lost. At his own requesthe was sent out as a missionary of tbeChurch Missionary Society to Bast Africa.When Bishop Hannington fell, he wascalled to flllthe breach and became Bisbopof Uganda.He has gol the desire of his heart. InUganda the blood of the raartyrshas beenthe seed of the Churcb. The seed wassown in tears. What a wonderful reapingtirae. In ten years the Christians bavegrown from 300 to 30,000. He has seenBusoga on the east, where Bishop Hanningtonwas killed, accepting the gospel.Bunyoro on the north, Toro on the west,are yielding lo Christ, and out frora theinfant churches raessengershave gone tothe pygraies of the dark forest and toljjthem of Christ, who carae to seek and tosave the lost.AT HOME.Allegheny, Pa.—The Central Boardfurnishes the following items:Financial Statement—Overdrawn Expendi- Overdrawnand his daughter bave been in charge duringher sickness. The Mission wiU beIndian Mission May 1,1903. Beceipts. tures. J une 1,1902IS55.90 J345.l!i $208.33 $719,11Domestic Mission 304.74 1,389.37Onhand, closed at the end of June.Southern Mission 98.77 118.72 June1,19(ia Indian Mission.—Licentiate H. B. Mcilillanhas been appointed to this Mission.981.87? •»-• 42.71SChinese Mission19.73 Overdrawn,Jewish Mission39.52J. W. Sproull.Sustentation Fund 3,585.61 40.31 Junel.1902Domestic Mission.—In accordance479.16S r-:with20B.67On handjthe action of last Synod, the flscal-yearJune 1,1902beginswith July. Quarterly dividends 55.00 468.69 willbe declared July, October, January 40.00 and 89.83April. That there may be no 146.36- delay in 3,731.97 thedistribution, clerks of Presbyteries shouldmail their reports to the CorrespondingSecretary in time for hira to receive therafor thc meeting on which distribution isto be raade. The Board raeets on the tbirdWednesday of each raonth in the SerainaryHaU. This year it will meet in July andAugust at the offlce of Synod's Board ofTrustees, Eoora No. 1011 Frick Building,Pittsburg, Pa.Southern Mission.—A generous friend,whose narae is withheld, has promised$1,800 to help pay for the starting of theindustrial school and the erection of a newbuilding for the workers in the Mission.Mr. Eeed has the promise of about $500-additionah Anoiher lot will bave to bepurchased. A building on tbe one adjoiningour preraises and which is perhaps themost desirable lot that can be had, can bemoved back and fitted up for a workshop.Miss Fowler, of Cedarville congregatioii,has been elected teacher of the girls' industrialdepartment. No choice has as yetbeen made of any one for the boys.Mr. Eeed was present at this meeting. of the Board, and laid before it the needsof the Mission. The teacbers have all beenreappointed.Chinese Mission.—There was an attendanceof twenty scholars during themontb of May. The average attendancewas nine. Mrs. Borland has not been ingood health for some time. Mr. HanraoreBy the death of Elder John Aikin onJune 6, Central Allegheny congregationlost a devoted raeraber and its paslor awarra personal friend. The regularitywith which he attended on the exercisesof worship, public and social; his activityin the work of the congregation and thechurch, tbe cheerfulness with which heraade sacrifices, that he raight be true tohis convictions, all tended to show thesirength of his attachraent to the Masterhe served and the earnestness of his desirefor the advanceraent of the interests

of His kingdom. Mr. Aikin will be mucbmissed. It will be bard to fillbis place.He was taken away in the midsl of hisusefulness. God did it, and so it is well.His wife, daughter, brother and otherrelatives have the sympathy of their manyfriends, and are not forgotten in tbeirprayers,J. W, Sproull.\Boston, Mass.—The second Boston E.P. Church held their sacramental feast thethird Sabbatb of May. Prof. D. B. WUlson,D.D., assisted. It was indeed a timeof refresbing. Our newly ordained elders,Geo. A. Calderwood, Geo. E. Elder andDavid Eobinson, are a strong right arm.Our session is made up of loyal and trueCovenanters. Tbe morale of the congregationwas never better than at present,althougb we have suffered depletion bydefection. Spiritual fellowship was at theflood tide last Sabbath. All were delightedwith Prof. Willson's scripturaland deeply thoughtful discourses. LikePaul, when tbe brethren from Rorae methira on the Appian way, "We thanked Godand took courage."J. M. F.Cache Creek Mission.—A short accountof the communion services at theIndian Mission may be of interest to someof your readers. The serrices began onWednesday evening, and there were threeevery day, at the hours of 11, 3 and 7o'clock. The attendance of the Indianswas remarkable. There were about 100 ateach service, and on Sabbath there musthave been over two hundred. Every seatin the church was occupied by tbe mixedaudience, about three-fourths being Indians,A more attentive audience it wouldbe hard to find. Prom the anxiety ontheir faces one would say their souls werehungry and longing for the Uving bread.News of the Churches. 239It was to me a picture of rare beauty tosee tbe little grain of wheat which wasplanted only a few years ago. The rainof God's grace has watered it and the sunof His love has warmed it, and now wecan see sheaves of beautiful grain in theharvest of redeemed souls. One poor oldIndian woman, supposed to be over onehundred years old, nearly doubled togelberwilh rheumatism, drove twelve miles to bepresent at coraraunion. Sbe was not ablelo sit on a chair. She had to be laid on apallet by tbe pulpit. When I offered bertbe bread in serving the Table, I foundshe was alraost blind, so I broke off a pieceand gave it into her hand.The condition of the work irapressesone raost favorably. A nuraber of theChristian Indians are very anxious abouttheir friends, that they may walk in tbeJesus road. There is much worlc to bedone yet araong the carap Indians whohave not given up the Indian road, butwbo are interested enougb to drive fromfive to forty miles to bear the preaching.Anotber phase of the work lies in the interestof the white settlers. The Indianshave all received their land, and raustsettledown on tbeir clairas and give up theirIndian wanderings. The whites havegone into tbe Territory in such swarmswithin the last year that towns seem tospring up like Jonah's gourd. There aretwo towns, Lawton and Anadarka, sincelast August. The one bas a populalion of10,000, the other of 8,000. These are notfar from the Mission, and there is still another,Apacha, within five railes of theMission,The Mission workers have organized aSabbath school for the whites near thera,sorae of whora know no more about Godthan the heathen Indians do. They bavea Sabbatb school for the children at 11o'clock, tben one for the while people at3 P. M., and preaching at 3 P. M. They

240 News of the Churches.^have three preaching stations, one at the us in March, Mrs. N. E. Allen and Mrs. L.ilission, one at Apacha, one at Mt. Scott, McElroy. We were sorry to part withtwelve railes away.thera, but in their new horaes they willThe Bible says the laborer is worthy of faithfully take their places in the front.bis hire, and what the Bible says raust be During the past year our ranks have nottrue, and I believe they are words of com- been broken by death, for which we areraendation as weU, and it is but just to indebted to Hira frora AA^hom all our blesssaythat the good work done araong the ings fiow. May we enter upon the work of"Indians is largely due to ,the earnest efforts another year with increased strength andof our beloved raissionaries and especially zeal to do raore for those who are deprivedof those w^oraen who are so devoted in the of the blessings of the gospel.Master's work.(Mrs.) N. M. Tippin, Secretary.-Henry O'Neill. Treasurer's report:Balance frora last year $ 9.33Sterling, Kan.—The AVomen's Mis- Eeeeipts 43.33sionary Society of Sterling, Kan., presentsDisbursements:the foUowing report for the year ended Jewish Mission : ;. 5.00May 1, 1902 : We have held eleven nionth- Indian Mission 3.33ly ineetings, ten working and one caUed Contents and freight' on Suadiaraeeting. Each raonthly meeting was barrel 25.10opened by singing, prayer and reading a Clyde Fund 10.00Scripture lesson, in which nearly aU took Other expenses 4.87part. The roll shows a merabership of $48.30twenty-eight, with an average attendance Balance 4.36of eleven. Two of our best workers left Belle Huston, Treasurer.The Princess Eugenie of Sweden has for raany years devoted herself to efforts forthe good of her people. Desiring to build a hospital home for the sick poor in theisland of Gottland, her summer residence, she found thather ordinary income, alreadytaxed with many charities, would not yield the necessary funds. Constrained by thelove of Christ, she discovered a way by which the difficulty could be overcome.First to herself, and then to the king, her brother, she said, " May I not seU mydiamonds ?" Consent was given, the diamonds sold, and the home for incurables builtTwo summers ago one of its poor inmates, who seemed peculiarly ignorant andinaccessible, was deeply laid upon the heart ofthe princess. "I prayed much forher," were her own words in narrating what foUowed. When about lo leave for herwinter residence in the cily, the matron said, pointing to this woman, " I think youwill find her changed." The princess approached her bed, and tbe words thatgreeted her were, " I thank God that the blood of Jesus Christ, His Son, cleansethfrom all sin"—the tears running fast down her cheeks. "In those tears," said theprincess, "I saw my diamonds again."—Dr. A. W. Patten.Between the great things that we cannot do and the small things tbat we will notdo, the danger is that we shall do nothing.—Monod.

Monographs. 241TAESUS, ASIA MINOE.MONOGRAPHS.It often happens that places, like people,however notable, have their raeraory chieflyconnected with sorae one act, characteristicor event. As we tbink of Milionsimply as a poet, or of Sir Philip Sidneysimply in connection with bis gracious actin passing his cup of water to a dyingsoldier on tbe field of Zntphen, so allChristendora thinks of Tarsus only as thebirthplace of the great apostle of theGentiles.II was, however, a faraous cily of old,and would .be entitled to sorae interest andrespecl even if Paul had not been bornthere. It was anciently tbe chief city onthe Cilician plain. The river wbich flowedthrough ils raidst, the Cydnus, was theraost celebrated of any of the streams ofCilicia. It was sbort, but navigable—though it is unnavigable to-day. Thisriver made it a raart of commerce for allthe products of Cilicia. The situation ofthe cily between famous raountain passeswas of itself enough to insure ils greatnessRUFFALOS AT CYDNUS RIVER.BUFFALO CART.when there was iraportant traffic betweenAsia ilinor and tbe Orontes valley. Itlay in the path of all great arraies crossingthe plain, botb in ancient and raoderntiraes; this fact alone would have given ita place in history. It is at least supposedto have raention on raonuraents in connectionwith an invasion of Cilicia in theninth century before the Christian era.Cyrus visited il on his expedition to deposehis brother frora the throne of Persia;Alexander the Great passed throughit, and alraost raet his death in consequenceof the indiscretion of plunging intoits cold waters for a bath when he caraein hot and weary frora a fatiguing raarch.Il was for centuries under Seraitic influence,and that chiefly because of ilsgeographical position with reference toSyria; it then carae under Grecian influenceand culture—during which tirae itsinhabitants boasted theraselves Argives byblood and extraction. It becarae a centerof learning, and the seat of a renownedschool of philosophy, whose pupils founderaployraent as leachers even in Rorae.

242 Monographs.Later Tarsus became tbe seal of theRoraan province of Cilicia. Thus we seeit bad connection with Greek, Persian,Assyrian and Eoraan history. So also ithad witb Arraenian history. It isassociated -with the naraes of Sennacherib,Sardanapalus, Cyras, Alexander, Antony,Cicero, and in raodern tiraes with that ofIbrahira Pasha. Its streets have also resoundedto the tramp of crusading armies.It was of old an iraportant city in connectionwith Baal worship. There is anancient raassiveruin, not far frora the leftbank of the ancient bed of the river, calledDonuk-Tosh, "a court with raassivewallsinclosing two lofty platforras of concrete,''frequently spoken of as the Torab of Sardanapalus,which was, it is believed, asanctuary of Baah probably an iramensealtar upon which sacriflces were offered tothat deity. About ten years ago this ruinwas sold to the Armenians as a buryingground, but only a few years later theGovernraent took it from thera again, possiblyfearing that there might be treasureconcealed within it.Among other traces of the old city, raentionshould be made of one of the citygates, called St. Paul's Gateway, and St.J m i m mt^alg't M|^^-:--,'''/:--'1 j^^^SHr^. :'^Ip-^^Eni^m B m m ^^'i.:?^9lp^'a^HBmHV • •'fi -'W aV',:!'»•w^^^rwT^fel l„lli^; "OLD TARSUS GATE.v^^H^fSs^HH^^B^HFOUNTAUSr.Paul's Well, whieh is less ancient, butappears, frora a baptisraal font, and astone bearing St. Paul's narae, to be on thesiteof a Christian church whicb borePaul's narae. There is, however, little,with the exception of coins, which are thechief source of inforraation about ancientTarsus, to interest the arcbfeologist or antiquarian.AVe know that it was an importantancient city, but still are raoreinlerestedin il on account of its conneclionwilh that grand raan who declared il "wasnoraean city," than for any other eause ofits greatness.It will nol lessen any Christian's interestin the birthplace of the apostle Paulto know that it is no longer tbe chief cityof Cilicia. Adana is at least three tiraesitssize, and Mersina, which is now theseaportof Cilicia, also port for Arraenia,and for all traffic which seeks tbe seathrough the Cilician Gates, is but littlesraallerand proraises soon, under presentconditions, to outstrip it in population, asithas in raercanlileiraportance. Frora a•raissionary point of view, it ougbt not to'disturb any one to be told that it can noraorebe asserted of it as was by Paul, thatit is no raean city. It raay possibly be nO'

worse now from a moral and religiouspoint of view tban it was in apostolicdays; but wbetber we view it to-day froma religious, or moral, or architecturah orcommercial, or intellectual, or educationalpoint, we must admit tbat it is an exceedinglymean city.It is no longer on the line of any important,caravan traffic, nor has it any conneclionwith the commerce of the sea, exceptthrough Mersina. It is, however, tbemost important station on the M. T. A.Eailway between Mersina and Adana, andif the railway were extended, as tbere ishope that it may soon be, and become aMonographs. 248ing to carry passengers wherever tbey wisbto go. In muddy weather and in dustyweather any one wbo can afford to pay thefare (and many who you would not thinkpossibly could afford it) takes a carriage,as the street is unpaved and exceedinglyuninviting to pedestrians.For a bird's eye view of Tarsus you willbe taken to a bill which lies south of tbetown; ascending to the top you have afine view of the town; of ils surroundinggardens, of the plain stretching away towardsthe sea, even raarking tbe course ofthe river; a long stretch of the carriageand railways loward Mersina and towardsTARSUS SCENE.more iraportant line of coraraerce andtraffic,and political conditions iraprove,the cily of Tarsus raay yet again flourishas of old.The disiance from Mersina to Adana,measuring frora river to river, is aboutforty-flve miles; measuring from railroadstation to station, il is sixty-seven kilometers,about forty-two railes. The exactdistance from Mersina station to Tarsusstation is twenty-six kilometers. Therailroad station for Tarsus is about onehalfa mile west of tbe city. If you arriveby train you will flnd carriages wait-OUT FOE A STROLL.Adana—for there is a ihacadaraized roadas well as a railway. You can loolc acrossthe plain to the raountains on the nortb.Frora such a view it seems like an oasisin a desert.As to the gardens, if you were to walkthrough thera you would flnd them irrigatedby waters drawn off from the Cydnus.You would flnd trees of the wood,such as the poplar and the terebinth, andgreat quantities of a tree which in Arabicthey call maze, but of whicb the Englishname is unknown to me. The trees whichare planted for their fruit are chiefly the

214 Monographs.SIVAS CART,fig, the orange, the leraon, the citron, thepomegranate, the medlar, the plum (asmall variety reserabling the cherry) andthe apricot. There are vast orchards ofmulberry trees. These, however, are notcultivated for the fruit. The wood is usedin the manufacture of carts, but the raulberrytree is planted raainly for the leaf,upon which silk worras are fed, as silk cultureis one of the chief industries ofCilicia. The vegetables cultivated in thegardens are not of a large variety. Thereare beans of about three varieties, and inrecent years a few peas; okra, in greatquantities; the egg plant vegetable raarrow,two varieties of sweet purapkin, cucumbers,melons of a very coarse fiber;lettuce, and a coarse yellow beet. Alongthe hedges, and over the huts in whiehthe gardeners live, gourds of three or fourvarieties are trained. Over the trees oneoften sees a climbing grape vine; thisvine climbs almost to the top of even thetall poplar trees. On the foothills of themountains are rather extensive vineyards,in which raany of the wealthier town peoplesleep in the suraraer tirae.Beyond these gardens which surroundthe towm is an alraost treeless plain, whichis poorly cultivated, and for the greaterpart of the year looks like a desert, butwhieh nevertheless produces not a sraaUquantityof wheat, barley, cotton, sesaraeand tobacco.At alraost any tirae of the year snow isvisible on the raountains, and this isbrought down to the town on the backs ofaniraals, even to the very close of the suraraer,and sold in the raarket. Besides thisthere is also an ice factory, which sells itsproduct at about a cent a pound.But what would raost interest a personthinking of raission worlc in taking hisbird's eye view frora Tarsus hill wouldsurely be the buildings, shops, houses andplaces of worship. The locality of theshops would be recognized by any one whohad passed through the lown by the sheetironroofs covering the streets. Every lineof business has its shops pretty rauch clusteredtogether, rows of dry goods shops,rows of shoeraakers' shops, a grpup oftailor shops, rows of grocery shops, rows ofhardware shops and so forth. The sizesof the shops vary frora about six by threefeet to six by six feet.The variety in the houses in which peoplelive is very striking, frora the thatchedTHRESHING FLOOR.

SPINNERS.mud, or withe woven, hovel, to two-storybouses. I believe it is noticeable that thereis only pne three-story bouse in Tarsus."There are very few tolerable houses inthe town, and none so arranged that anycivilized faraily could live comfortably intbem.The places of worship would be observedas of two classes—churches and raosques.Of the large raosques with rainarets thereare six in the town, and about fifteensraall ones with schools in connection, inwhich, boys raeraorize the Koran. Thetwo raost prorainent cburcbes are the Armenianand the Greek Orthodox. Thereare besides not less than four churcherirepresenting as many papal sects. If wewere to look for our own church building,it could not be disiinguished. Soraetimes"we rent a smaU house, and soraetimes only'a room, according to what we can findleast unsuitable and within our raeanswben renting time coraes.One of the raost striking group of edificesnot, bowever, conspicuous for itsbeauty, are the buUdings of St. Paul'sInstitute, a college for the education ofArmenian young men, placed under effi-,cient management some eight years ago.Monographs, 245The chapel of this institute is to be raeurtioned among the houses of worship in thecity. Just adjoining this the CovenanterMission,owns a-beautiful lot, upon whichit is to be hoped we will one day see suitablemission buildings erected—that wemay be by God's grace enabled to do ourpart for tbe evangelization and conversionof Tarsus,The A. B. C. F. M. has a large workaraong the Arraenians in Tarsus. Theyhave, however, no suitable place of worship.They own a raiserable house iii anunsuitable quarter, and the only thing toindicate ils purpose and use is a bell onthe roof, to ring the congregation toprayers, and that only visible on close inLspection.What the ancient population of Tarsuswas is not known. A Moslera general wholooked over the ruins just after its destruction,estiraated that it had had apopulation of 100,000. His estiraate is ofno value. It probably had not less thandouble that nuraber. It is not quite solarge as that to-day. The Governmentestimates the population of the city wilhits suburbs at 50,000. Most sober-raindedpeople who have opportunity of forraingLADES WITH OVEN WOOD.

246 Monographs.an opinion think the population of tbecity approximates 25,000.From what I have said in regard to thevariety of buildings, and especially theplaces of worship, it is evident tbat thepopulation is considerably mixed, composedof various races. These are for themost part Armenians, Greeks, Turks,Syrians and Ansairiyeh. There are besidesthese a settleraent of Afghans and asettlement of Assyrians frora Mesopotamia.Next to tbe connection of Tarsus withthe history and work of Pauh probablynotbing more memorable, in the divineARMENIAN MARRIAGE PROCESSION.estimate, ever occurred in it than the openingup of the work of our Church thereunder the superintendence and directionof the late Dr. David Metheny, whoseeraed to have a double portion of Paul'sspiril resting upon hira. The beginningof the work raay be dated from Jan. 1,1883, when Dr. Metheny entered the Tarsusfieldwith his faraily, accorapanied byhis cousin. Miss B. M. Sterrett. That is,they were on the ground; they actuallyentered the fieldsorae days before.Dr. Metheny found the cliraate of Tarsusraore healthful than the cliraate ofeither Mersina or Adana, and for otherreasons besides would have desired to havethe work radiate from this center. Butbeing always on tbe look out for divine indications,and seeing that the work couldnot be carried on without the possessionof property, and some approximation to asuitable building, and not being able tosecure property in Tarsus, and suitableproperly, wilb an exceptionally securetitle, being unexpectedly offered bim, bya Moslem in Mersina, be assuredlygathered that the Lord was calling him tomake Mersina the center of the TarsusMission's work.E. J. DODDS.STOEY OF ZANIB, THB FELLA­HIE CONVBET.There was a report of our last communionservices by Mrs. Dodds in a lateissue of Olive Trees. Now, if you willgive me roora, I will tell you a sequel toour coraraunion. It concerns another ofthe Fellaheen girls wbo united witb us inthat coraraunion service. Her parents, aswell as the parents of other cbildren inthe two schools, had been invited to attendthe coramunion Sabbath, but bad notcome. Yesterday being Sabbath after thecommunion, there were a large numberpresent, which is very encouraging. Inoticed a Fellah and his wife in the Sabbathschool, but did not know wbo theywere. However, I noticed tbe strong reserablancebelween tbe raan and the otberFellahie girl who bad been baptized theprevious Sabbath. I presumed tbat tbeyhad corae to see their child. The subjectof the serraon was, "The Healing of tbeGadarene Demoniac." This man gave extragood attention, as I thought; seemed toresent sorae things that I said, but notIcnowing anything especially about bim, Idid not think anything of the matter inparticular. After the service, I noticed

tbis Fellah and bis wife going down withMiss Cunningham and tbe girls. Tbatwas notbing in itself to make me take a•second thougbt, as parents often come andgo in tbis way. But in about four minuteslater, a young man came running to inesaying, "Come quick! Miss Cunninghamwants you. Tbere is trouble!"I ran down the walk and found a bubbub,indeed. There were the parents ofdear little Zanib, tbe second Fellahie girlwho bad joined with us tbe Sabbatb before,a girl of about twelve years, eacb doingtbe utmost to strip her of her clothing

248 Monographs.and divorce her if she did. So with manya parting threat, showing not the slightestrespect to any of our proraises to Soe :therahorae safe, I got hira away from'the schoolyard and off up to the boys' school gate,where I tried again to get him to take hiswife and trust to our honor to surrenderthe child on ilonday, bul it was ' of noavail. Here, again, a wiser counsellor prevailed,as the sequel proved. The raanwent away in great anger, and I turned toour horae. iliss Cunninghara had corae inthat raoraent to see our second son, whowas lying in a very hot fever, and seeraedto be threatened with spinal raeningitis.I had not yet seen our child after service.His condition was critical in the extrerae,and I felt that we were beset on raanysides at one tirae. After doing the bestwe could for the Uttle sufferer, we three,Mrs. Dodds, Miss Cunningham and rayself,took counsel and concluded that thebest thing to do would be to send our raosttrusty servant, Siraon, to one indebted tous for many favors, an old Sheikh in theneighborhood of the irate man, and to askthe Sheikh to join him in an atterapt topersuade the raan to allow his daughter tostay in school to the end of the year.After send'ng this servant on this errand,we said that as our trust was in the Lordand not in any human instrument, wewould spend some time in prayer askingfrom the Shepherd of the sheep deliverance.So we three engaged in entreatiesfor a time until other duties called usaway. AVe had told Siraon that if theraan consented to let the girl stay, it wouldbe necessary for the raan to come and takehis wife away, as it would not be possibleto convince her that her husband hadchanged his mind, he having placed thewoman under a raost terrible curse if shewould leave the girl. Before us all, hehad sworn by a terrible curse to divorceher if she left the girl. The Sabbath afternoonwas passing rapidly, and the eveningservice was -well beg-iip wben we sawSiraon enter the chapel alone. How ourhearts sank within us! Bul after theservice we asked hira the result, and hesilently held up the angry husband andfather's girdle. We were filled witb gladnessand said, "Praise the Lord!" Butraay be I should explain to you unenlightenedAVesterners why that half-worn girdlecaused such fervent exclamations of praise,Siraon had by the help of the old Sheikh-been successful in persuading the falherto let his daughter stay in school to theend of the year. Bul the raan had placedhis wife under a most terrible curse tobring the child home on iIondaJ^ Withouthis most expUcit sanction, she wouldnot dare to go home without the child. Soto save hiraself the long walk back to theschool, and to continue his work, for heW'as busy plowing, even on the Sabbath,he gave Siraon his girdle to give to theworaan as a pledge that he had therebyreleased her frora the curse, and had givenpermission to her to return horae alone.This is a coraraon custora in this country.Had the man been willing to lakeour pledge to take his child home on ilonday,we would have certainly done so, aswhen our word is given, w^e live accordingto Psalm 15:4. Then having oncebrought her home, there would be no moregetting her baek. But the All-Wise Shepherdhad frustrated our counsel in orderto do a much better thing. Do you not seehow He was wise and we were foolish, althoughwe did what we thought to be thebest?Another good thing was that the poorwoman had a chance such as she never hadhad to see the girls in the sehool, and losec how they spent the Sabbath. She gota rauch better dinner than she had eatenin many a long day. She saw that herdaughter was araong the very brightest of

Monographs. 249the pupils. She beard ber pray in the May His narae becorae a praise here and inworaan's prayer raeeting. She beard themosl wonderful and most pathelic prayer,all the world, and that rigbt speedily.J. Boggs Dodds.that as iliss Cunningham told us, she badbeard among tbis people, or, for that raatter,anywhere, for a blessing on herparenls, asking the Lord to "draw theraCHINA.In the conflict now waged to capture tbeworld for Christ, China is tbe strategicto Him in His great love, even as He had position. Unlil China has surrendered,drawn her, and to make thera happy and the heathen world reraains unsaved. Cbinaprosperous in their horae." She heard ber covers one-tenlb of the surface of thechild read that wonderful appeal of AlraightyGod to His erring people,, that isfound in Is. 1 :ll-20. As she walked downthe palh to the girls' scbool after prayermeeting, she said, "And is that all thereglobe, and within its walls are crowdedone-third of its population. He who canread the horoscope of that nation can wellnigh forecast the destiny of the race.You raay carve a slice out of China asis of your religion? Is there nolhing big as all Europe, and you will havesecret ?" Wben she was assured that that enougb left to raake several kingdoras likewas aU, she expressed great surprise, sayingthat they had always heard very differentthings about the gospellers. AVe thinlcthat the day will be a wholesome day of instructionto both her and her husband.Great Britain out of the reraainder. Ittouches alraost every degree of livable altitude.It has deserts .whose rocks and sandsare dooraed to everlasting sterility, andalluvial plains which bloora with perpetualOne incident of this raeraorable day has fertility.been oraitted. After Siraon had gone, andafter we raissionaries had prayed together,I called three of the school boys who areconverts frora the FeUaheen, and I said,China is said to have eoal enough toillurainate the planet, and heat its huraanhabitations for a raillenniura. Its coalfields are twenty tiraes larger than those"This is your struggle, my boys. If you of Europe. It has iron enough to buildbelieve in God's power and willingness toanswer prayer, go you apart by yourselvesand ask God to show His mercy to thechild and to let her stay in school and toall the navies that sweep the bigh seas, allthe locoraotives that thunder across thecontinents, and all the raachinery beneathwhose incessant crash and roar the worldshelter the young Church of Suadia." trembles.They seeraed to realize the situation and China is a colossal hive of humaii beings.went and spent the afternoon hours inFrom wall to wall it swarras withprayer.teeraing millions. Its highways and bywaysAll have been strengthened by this experience.You ought to see tbat the Masterhasa, work to be done bere in Suadia. Iwish that this old typewriter was not betweenus, but that face to face I might tellyou these things, so as to kindle your loveanew and lo fire your zeal to greater intensityof flarae, and to convince theare full of travelers, its fields oflaborers, its seas of sailors, its canals offloating habitations, and its hamlets,towns and cities have populations whicbhave never been accurately nurabered, forits census cannot be taken.Each age buries beneath the sod raillionsover whose graves no word of ChristianThoraases that there is answer to prayerhope is ever uttered. Sorae one hasand for these poor Fellaheen outcasts. said that every third person wbo toils be-

250 Monographs.neath the sun or sleeps beneath the stars isa Chinaraan. And every third orphanweeping through the day, and every thirdwidow wailing through the night, andevery third perspn who feels upon bischeek the chill and raystery of death is tobe found in China.To the Chinese thought, China forrasthe raoral and raaterialcenter of the universe.No man is more self-poised or selfpleasedthan the Chinaraan. "Were thePrince of Wales to visit Chentu, theymight look upon him as a trarap or whitedevil." A raandarin said to Lord Brassey,"Chinaraen are raade of china, but Englishraenare raade of raud."One reason China is so opposed tochange and therefore to progress, is herslavish worship of Fengshui. To theChinese tbought the inaterial universe ispermeated by a raysterious principle,which lhey eall Fengshui. The specialbusiness of this serai-god is to preservethe equilibriura of all nature. To theChinese mind, nature is poised like somegreat teter-plank, and if one part is notexactly belanced against another, thewhole universe raay collapse.He is counted a very bold and bad raanwho would cut down a tree, change thecourse of a rivulet, or dig a well, withoutflrst consulting the workings of that raysterioussoraething, iraraanent in all nature,called Fengshui. When the flrstrailway was being built in China, oneraorning the contractor was surprised tofind that the telegraph poles had been lorndown by an incensed raob, because theywere higher than Fengshui could tolerate,and the railway threatened to interferewilh the windings of a certain suraraerstreara. They iraagined such changescould not but destroy nature's balance andbring about a universal crash systera.Frora every point of view China needs achange.But if the Chinese were left alone, couldlhey not save theraselves? Is there notenougb of ethical power in the teachings ofConfucius to save China? Confucius hasacted upon the Chinese raind like a moralopiate. He has rocked that great peoplelo sleep. Sorae of ber own reforraers, suchas the late Governor of Shansi, have donetheir utraost to shake China out of herfatal sluraber, but have failed.Her raorning has indeed corae, yetChina sleeps on. Al best she is onlydrearaing. In her drearas she bears thetrarap of the armed nations corae to chastiseher children and despoil ber of her inheritance.She is now diraly consciousthat a great crisis has corae. In vain shetries to shake herself free frora the hypnoticspell. Bul China can never originatethe raoral force necessary to raove andraould anew her millions. China cannever move China. There is one raanmore than all others who can help Chinaat the present crisis, and lhal is the raissionary.—MissionaryOutlook.AN UNEXPECTED QUESTION.One raorning about twenty years ago alawyer on the way to his office stopped outsidea barber's shop door to get a "shine."The little bootblack who plied his tradethere was no stranger lo hira, althoughhe knew him only by his street name.This niorning the boy was unusuallysilent. The lawyer missed his bright reraarksand began to rally bim a little,when suddenly the boy looked up in hisface and said:"Mr. Bartiett, do you love God?"The lawyer was an upright, self-respectingman, but neither a churcb attendantnoi- much given lo religious thought, andhe took the question at firstas an attemptat a joke on the part of the boy; but hesoon found that it was meant in all seriousness.No one had ever asked him the

quesiion before in quite the same way, andil staggered him."Why do you ask me that. Bat?" hesaid, after a rather awkward pause. "Wbatdifference does it make to you ?""WeU, I'll teU you, sir. Me motber an'me's got to get out; for tbe place we livein'U be lore down pretty soon, an' a fellerlike me can't pay much rent. Motherdoes all she can, bul you see there's threeof us, an' raegrandmother's lame. I dunnowhat to do. Yesterday I beard twomen taUcin', an' one of 'em said God wouldhelp anybody that loved Him if they'd tellHim they was in the bole. I thoughtMonographs. 251At last be had found somebody who lovedabout it 'most all night, an' this mornin' I God; and in time be had learned to lovemade up my mind I'd lay for somebody Hira himself, and "know Him well enoughthat knew Him well enough to ask Him." lo ask Him." Opportunities for a decentThe lawyer was embarrassed. All be education were opened to hira, and hecould say to tbe threadbare little bootblackwas that be had better ask some oneelse. He bad better keep inquiring, betold bim; for in a city of so manychurches he would surely find tbe sort ofperson be wanted. He thrust a dollar inlothe boy's band and hurried away.But all that day be found bis thoughtsreverting to the bootblack and bis strangequestion. "A flneposilion for an educatedman in a Cbristian counlry!" be said tohimself. "Struck dumb by an ignorantstreet arab ! I could not answer his question.showed so rauch proraise that his lawyerfriend took hira in, firstas an office boyand flnallyas a siudent.Many would recognize the bootblack todayif his narae were given, not only as araember of tbe bar in successful practice,but as a church raeraberand a worker inSabbath school. He loves boys; and thefew who knew that he was once a bootblackunderstand bis interest in little fellowswho need a friend. Helping thera isfor hiin loving God in the most effectualway.—Youth's Companion.Why not?"The lawyer was an honest man, and hisself-exaraination ended in a resolution loBIBLE IN INDIA.The wbole Bible is found in twelve offind out the reason wby. That evening the great vernaculars of India, and somethinghe went, for the firsttirae in many years,to prayer meeting, and frankly told thewhole story, without sparing himself.From that day life bad a new meaning forhim, and a higher purpose.A few days later, at a conference ofministers of different denominations inthe same city, the lawyer's strange experienceof the Book in about forty raoreoftbe less important languages. But mucbmore bas still to be done in translationsfor England's greatest dependency. Andwith something like a milUon being addedeach year to tbe reading population of India,a circulation of half a million copiesof Scripture, large and smaU, is sadly in­was mentioned by the pastor who adequate. Nevertheless, tbe Rev. T. S.gave him bis firstChristian welcome. Ira­Wynkoop, secretary at AUababad, statesraediately anoiher rainister told of ayoung man in his congregation who hadbeen awakened to a religious life by thesame question put to him by the same littlebootblack. The interest culrainatedwben a third declared that be had a callfrora the bootblack hiraself, who had beenbrought to his study by a raan who.hadappreciated his unexpected question andknew how to befriend hira.Such an incident could not be allowedto end tbere. The boy was belped to goodlodgings, and to patronage wbich enabledhira to provide better for his "faraily."

25 i Monographs.that there are raore copies of portions ofScripture in the hands of the people ofMohararaedans, Greeks, Syrians, Lepers,Jews and all sorls of people, we found tbeIndia than copies of any other book. And Christian raissionaryat work.the Rev. W. A. ilanseU, of Lucknow, inillustrating the influence being exerted bythe Bible in India, apart frora Chrislianteachers, raentions a village in the heart ofYet, on ray retum, a fellow-passenger,who had been in Cairo for two or tbreeraonths, and who is at the preseni raoraentthe editor of one of our raost, popularGarhwal, never visited by a raissionary, raagazines, told rae that he believed Christianwhere the people had abandoned idolatryand had practically accepted the Christianfaith, through the reading of a Hindiraissions had corae to an end, for hehad seen nothing of sucb work during allhis stay in Egypt!—B. J. AV., in ChurchNew Testaraent, which one of the villagersMissionary IntelUgencer.bad received while eraployed inNaini Tah—B. and F. Bible Society Reporter.A CHINESE CHEISTIAN'S PEAYEE.A Chinese Christian frora tbe neighborhoodof Tien Tsin carae to Shanghai duringthe persecution of 1900, but was"NONE SO BLIND AS THOSE WHO•WON'T SEE."obliged to return horae. Before his return,I was one of a sniall party who took ain a raeetingat Shanghai, he prayedtour through Egypt and Falestine. One as follows:of our company was a thorough, out-andoutChristian clergyman, w^ho had introductoryletters to raany of the ChurchMissionary Society raen in Cairo and elsewhere."Oh Lord, we glory in tribulation, asThou hast taught us to do; and becauseThou knowest that it is harder to live amartyr life than to die a raartyr'sdeath,AA'"e landed in Cairo at 4 o'clock. grant us grace to bring this lesser offering,Col. T (one of our party), rayself and if sueh be Thy good pleasure. Should onethis elerg3mian would forego our dinnerat the hotel every evening, and every nightwe were there we attended raeetings ofsorae kind, held for the well-being of someor other of the native races. We raet soraeof the raost earnest, devoted and lovableraen and woraen one could raeet with an}^where,doing raost noble work for love ofor another, like Peter, deny Thee in thehour of teraptation, 0 Lord, then turn andlook upon us, as Thou didst upon hira, andawaken the denier by this look to the lifeof one who bears wdtness in power, asThou didst bring Thy weak disciple afterhis fall."Returning horae, this Christian, withthe ilaster and poor humanity. Everywheresixty others, was murdered by Boxers.—we found it the sarae. Araong the CalrerMissionblatt.South America, whicii covers an area of seven raillion square miles and containsthirty-four million inhabiiants, has been called the "neglected continent." In Paraguaythere are two niilUon Indians who never heard of Christ until 1889, and thereare only four raissionarieslaboring among them. Jn Peru three million Indians, thedescendants ofthe Incas, have never been evangelized.—Missionary Outlook.Opportunities flyin a straight line, touch us but once, and never return ; but thewrongs we do olhers flyin a circle ; they come back to the place from which theystarted.—T. A. DeWitt Talmage.

Editorial Notes. 253EDITORIALNOTES.—Olive Trees is issued every monthand carries to individuals and families inaU parts of tbe Church reliable news fromthe mission flelds at home and abroad,with many articles of exceptional value,for 50 cents a year. AddressE. M. Sommerville,327 W. 56th St,New York.L. M. Sociely, Olalhe, Kan.,—Two missionaries are needed at once. Ihrough Miss Ida B. Moore $12.50Eev. E. J. Dodds is toiling alone in Asia Miss Elinore Gray,-New York 35.00Minor, and, if he sbould break down underthe pressure of overwork, il would bedisastrous to Tarsus Mission, whicb isal the present time in a raostencouragingMrs. S. G. Conner, Canonsburg,condition. The clairas of this field,asindicated in the annual report of theBoard, are peculiarly urgent.The resignation of Eev. Henry Eassonhas left Cyprus witbout an Americanminister. Dr. W. M. Moore cannot superintendthe work on tbe island wiihoutneglecting bis professional duiies, and inthe spring of 1903 it will be necessary forhim to return to tbis countiy with hisfamily for a season of rest. The workwill then be at a standstill unless tbeBoard can secure the services of a consecratedyoung rainisterto take responsible York, Chicago and Toronto, has sent us—The Fleraing H. Eevell Co., Newcharge before the end of this year. And the following books:there is no more desirable opening in the 'Village Work in India. By NormanEeformed Presbyterian Church to-day. Russell, of the Canadian PresbyterianThere is a good horae for the raissionary Church. Price, $1 net.in a healthful locality, a new chapel filled James Chalmers: His Autobiographyup for missionary worlc on the sarae lot, a and Letters. By Richard Lovett, M.A.wide fleldand a spirit of inquiry in every Price, $1.50 net.direction.The Tragedy of Paotingfu. By IsaacIt does not speak weU for the raission-C. Kettler. Price, $3.00..ary spirit of the Church that for every•Utile vacancy al home there are manyapplicants, wbile only one here and there•is willing to devote his life-energies toservice abroad. This call is so nianifestlynja:from the Eedeeraer lhal it sbojild tiojil raeetwith an iraraediate response.—Since last report Olive Trees hasreceived the following contributions fromthe young woraen of the Eeforraed PresbyterianChurch towards the salary oftbeir raissionaryfor 1902 :Pa 10.00Frora the minislers towards the salaryof their raissionaryfor 1903:Eev. J. C. Taylor, E. Craftsbury,Vt 10.00Eev. G. M. Robb, Syracuse, N. Y.. 10.00Rev. P. H. Wylie, Londonderry, 0. 5.00Rev. J. B. Gilmore, York, N. Y.. 15.00Rev. J. G. Reed, Selma, Ala 15.00Rev. T. J. AUen, Beaver Falls, Pa. 5.00From the elders towards the salary oftheir missionary for 1903:ileraorial of Eev. David McKee,Clarinda, la 15.00The Little Green God. By CarolineAtwater Mason. Price, 75 cents net.We cordially coraraend three of thesevoluraes to our readers. The flrst is a

254 Editorial Notes.series of "pen pictures" of work done inthe villages of India, that reveal in a verystriking jand irapressive way the power ofthe gosjjel, and at the sarae tirae suggestvaried riielhods of presenting the truth.The author states it as his "conviction,based not only on faith, but personal experiencefor several years * * * thatall are open to its influence, and tbatfrom all classes men are being saved byits message." He records as a fact ofspecial signiflcance "the great interestshown, especially by the young men ofIndia, in the person of Christ; thoughthey will have nothing to do with ourchurch organizations, and shrink frora theidea of baptisra, they devour raost eagerlyany literature on the person and work ofJesus. No book is in as many hands inIndia to-day as the gospel, and no namelooms as largely on the horizon of thethoughts of her people as the narae ofJesus Christ."The second volume is the life-story ofone of the great missionary heroes of thenineteenth century, written by one whohad access to all the material necessary toprepare a complete and authentic narrative.In his preface the author describesJaraes Chalraers as "a man of God's ownmaking. * * * He owed little toeducators or to the infiuences that raouldthe raajorityof raen. He owed all tbat hewas to his sense of the boundless love ofJesus Christ; he gave his whole being inloyal and enthusiastic surrender to the Saviourwho bad redeemed him; he caught alarge raeasure of the Master's own spirit,and he counted it his highest joy to bespent in the effori to win for Christ thedrunkards of Earolonga and the cannibalsof New Guinea," to whose savagery he atlast fell a victira. Every one who has readthe Autobiography of John G. Paton willwant lo read the Autobiography of JaraesChalraers. No library is complete withouttbe lives of these distinguished Scotchmen.The third volurae records the servicesand sacrifices of eleven consecrated raenand woraen, belonging to the Presbyterian,Congregational and Cbina Inland Missions,who sealed a faithful testiraony forChrist witb their blood at Paotingfu,China, June 30 and July 1, 1900. Thisbook, with ils biographical sketches oftheir raartyrs and its description of tbescenes and events leading up to theirdeath, will be read with thrilling interest.The fourih volurae is fiction. The heroof the story is "a retumed raissionary fromIndia, who beholds to his araazeraent tbeheatbenisra of half-hearted Christianity,* * * and ultiraately turns his backon so-called Christian Araerica to seek arefuge in heathen India." Every one raustadrait that the world is finding ils wayinto the professing Churcb of to-day anddraining away the vitality essential tospiritual prosperity and success in theservice of God, but, if the picture thatilrs. Mason has drawn of its rainistry andraerabership is a true representation of theaclual condition of things, happily wehave not seen it. Perhaps it is because ourlife is spent araong the "coraraon people,"who are reaching out after what only theliving Christ can give thera, and knownothing of Hindu theosophy or any otherforra of heathen wisdora, till sucb booksas this fall inlo their bands. We questionvery rauch whether such literature as"The Little Green God," however "wUty,huraorous and pathetic," yet "earnest andserious in raeaning," can serve any goodpurpose.—We are very mucb indebted to Dr.Arthur J. Brown, Secretary of the PresbyterianBoard of Foreign Missions forhis reports of visils to the missions inSiara and Laos, in Korea, and in the

Philippines. Though published for theuse of the Board and the missions underits supervision, tbese papers are fiUed withinformation that every one interested inthe progress of Christianity must receivewith supreme satisfaction. No one canread them without thanking God for tbenoble work He is honoring tbe PresbyterianChurcb to do for tbe evangelizationof the world. Whether Dr. Brownspealcs of the beginnings, the present condition,or the outlook of evangelism inthose flelds, he tells a story that thrills tbeheart and should stir to more earnesteffort in the cause of Christ. At anothertime we shall take the liberiy of makingsome extracts for the beneflt of ourreaders.We are especially pleased with the mainlines of the policy tbat, in Dr. Brown'sopinion, should be pursued in the Philippines.For instance, be thus urges frank­home.ness: "We cannot afford to make anycomproraise of our faitb in tbe conduct ofour schools or hospitals. We are in tbePhilippine Islands as a raissionary agencysolely because we believe that Chrisi istheir suprerae need. It would be a fatalmistake for any raissionary to hide Hirain the alleged interest of expediency.* * * rjijjg raissionary, both in thePhUippine Islands and elsewhere, is oftentempted to keep bis spiriiual purpose inthe background for fear of alienating supportOne raissionary in anoiher land admittedto rae that during an entire yearshe had not spoken to a single pupil ofthe boarding school under her care on thesubject of personal religion, lest any direcleffort to lead souls to Christ would causeparents to remove their cbildren from tbesehool. I told her that we would ratberhave twenty pupils with freedom to influencethem to dedicate their lives to Godthan to have a hundred on the conditionthat we must not try to convert tbem.Editorial Notes. 255Taking our mission work the world over,the missionary who tactfully and sensibly,but nevertheless uncoraproraisingly, presentsGod in Cbrist, loses nothing in popularity,and gains rauch in spiritual results."That is good and true, and thestraight path to ultiraate success.—The April number of Olive Treescontained a monograph entitled "TheSuadia Limited," which was -credited toEev. J. Boggs Dodds. In a recent letterMr. Dodds says: "I ara not the writer.That is an honor for which I cannot allowyou to give rae credit. I was on the aforesaid'Liraited,' and can vouch for the'harder facts' raentioned therein, but itwould never bave occurred to ray dull, unpoeticsense, to have so racily coraparedour raanner of travel to an elegant train atIf I raay be allowed an opinion, Iwould say the point of the joke is not onthe Araerican railways, nor yet on theOriental rauleways, but on 'the conductorof the "Suadia Liraited."' He would liketo be able to hold the credit for thatarticle, but having once heard of a'hatchet,' thinks it wise lo put in tbis disclairaer."-—In this connection Mr. Dodds relatessorae arausing incidents, wbich we shalltake tbe risk of putting into print, as theyshow so clearly that only even-temperedmen sbould be sent to Turkey as missionaries:On the 1st of May the "SuadiaLiraited" raade ils flrst annual run toKessab. I am sorry for the sake of yourreaders that the -writer of tbat article isnot here to tell of tbe incidents tbat occurredon the way up to Kessab. We madea fine slart, and came to the place wberewe crossed the river on the ferry boat,whicb was not the place where we usuallycross, but near tbe seaport of Suadia,

256 Editorial Notes.where there is always to be found an officerand a squad of soldiers, whose chief businessseeras to be to annoy those who usethe ferry as rauch as possible. On thisparticular day, as we were about to enterthe boal with a part of our aniraals,the boalraan sa'id: "Not yet; I rausl goand ask perraission of the officer.""Why do you bave lo tell hira?" Iasked."So; I raust do it," he answered, andstood looking at us. I told hira to hurryalong about his business and not to keepus waiting so long. Off he went, as slowlyas his feet could raove. In twentyrainutes he carae back with the officer,who, when he saw us, corapUraenled thethickness of the fellow's skull by soraeforcible Turkish, and looking asharaed,spoke cordially to us, and lold us that thefellow was a new hand on the boat, andtook us for strangers from some far-awayplace. AATth the officer's coraraand ringingin his ears, the cautious ferryraan tookilrs. Dodds, Willie and a servant boyacross wilh Mrs. Dodds' saddle horse anda donkey belonging to the boy in the firstboal load. They got across, and when itcarae tirae for the donkey to debark, bestarted for the shore in a straight linefrora where he stood in the stern of theboat, with the result that his jurap landedhis head in the raud and his heels still inthe boal. Mud is good for eels in thiscounlry, but not so good for a donkey'sbreathing apparatus. The long-eared'traveler was sraolhering as fast as heknew how. His owner, who had ied Mrs.Dodds' horse, a very spirited fellow, outon to the roadway, upon seeing the predicaraentof his beast of burden, droppedthe reins of the saddle horse and ran backlo help the donkey. The horse was just onthe point of taking a scaraper withouthis rider, when she raade quick tirae to thereins and seized hira at the nick of time.After another delay of twenty minutesconsumed in fishing tbe donkey out of themud and water, tbe boatman carae back totake over another lot. This tirae I lookthe two sraaller boys who were in theboxes, and ray own horse, and crossedover, leaving the others to follow as bestthey could in sraall detachraenls. Weraounted and drove on as fast as possible.Tbe reason that so few could crossat once is the sraallness of the boal, it beingonly about fifteen feet long, 'and thefierceness of the gale at that point. A fewdays ago a lol of people were crossing,over, raore than should bave tried it atonce, and the result was that the boatswaraped, and while a few donkeys swamout, the two-legged variety were fished outby the people staiiding on the river bank.Then they all piously said, "So God decreed!What could we do?" The troublewas caused by a reckless deteriliinalion '-of loo raany people trying to cross at onelirae. Fortunately no lives were lost.—The Republican ot Cadiz, 0., is ourauthority for saying tbat at the AnnualCoramencement of Franklin College, June25, 1902, the degree of D.D. was conferredon Eev. N. E. Johnston, a graduateof that institution in 1843. It gives usgreat pleasure to congratulate Dr. Johnslonon this well-merited honor. It hascome to him at an advanced age, butaccording to our way of looking at things,such honors are never raore appropriatelybestowed than on raen wbo bave growngray-headed in the service of the Master.The history of all the great characters of the Bible is suramed up in this one sentence: They acquainted themselves with God and acquiesced in his wiU in allthings.— Cecil.

O L I V E T R K B SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary 'Work in the Reformed PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. SEPTEMBER, 1902.QUESTIONS OF T H E HOUR.THE MOTIVE POWER IN MISSIONWOEK.Rev. J. R. Latimer, Rose Point, Pa."The love of Cbrist constraineth us."—2 Cor. 5:14."Necessity is laid uppn me; for woe isunto me if I preach not the gospel."—1Gor. 9:16 (E. V.)."The love of Christ constraineth us."Thus Paul sets forth tbe grand motivepower of his Cbristian Ufe, of the Cbris­says "a better word (in tbe Greek)could not be found." He also saysthat "it limits us to one great end andprohibits our taking into considerationany others." Dr. Cbas. Hodge says, "It(tbe love of Christ) is the governing influencetbat controls the life." Also, "Thegreat question is What constitutes a Chris­tian Life. The love of Christ. Tbis maymean: 1. Christ's love to us. 3. Ourlove to Christ. 3. His love for mankind,Hjanifesting itself in us and through us.(See PhU. 1:8.) The firstis .undoubtedlythe primary meaning in this passage. Butthe second and third are included in it, tian?because the' firstleads to and producesthem.If we love Christ it is because He firstloved us. Wben we come to realize Hislove for us, our hearts must and wUh goout to Him. More, we wiU tben begin tolove—to love God, to love men, to love allmen, fallen, sinful men; not with tbe loveof complacency, but with tbe love ofbenevolence, or tbe love of pity, of compassion,beeause of their miserable conditionby reason of sin. Hence Jobn tellsus, "We love, because He firstloved us."(E. V.) Tbis wiU lead us not merely toa professed devotion to Cbrist, but to apractical devotion, that will manifest itselfin eamest effort for the moral andspiritual uplifting, and salvation of a lostworld.It was so with Paul. When he wasbrougbt under tbe power of Christ's love,made to experience it, it changed thewhole current of bis life, henceforth controlledall his activities and energies, andflxed the direction of their exercise. Hesays it "constraineth," and AlfordIt is being so constrained by asense of the love of our divine Lord tous, that we consecrate our lives to Him.""Christis love left hira (Paul) no choiceaslo wbat he sbould live for, brougbt bimunder tbe control of an irresistible, yetmosl gracious necessity, hedged him in onthe ijgbt band, and on tbe lefti controlledbim witb a constancy like that with whichthe great forces of the universe rule theplanets, and determine tbe orbit in whichevery one of them must move."The love of Cbrist apprehended,realized, experienced by Pauh first madehim a Christian, then a preacher of tbegospel, a missionary. He could no longerbe a persecutor, or injurious to any. He

258 Questions of the Hour.must now do good to men, seek their highesthappiness and welfare. Hence he saysin 1 Cor. 9:16: "Necessity is laid uponrae; for woe," elc. Tbese two passages(2 Cor. 5:14, 1 Cor. 9:16), wbile sepa-'rated.far in Paul's lelters lo the Corinthians,yet were closely connected in hislife and experience.' "The love of Christconstraineth rae. It shuts me up to onething, one work, and that is to preaeh thegospel, to labor for the salvation of sinners.It will not allow me lo do anythingelse. I must make Icnown the good news,tbe glad tidings of a Saviour given," etc.Love is the secret, the motive power, inall genuine Christian activities, in truemissionary work. Tbe source of all isChrist's love. Tbis, as we have seen, begetsin us love lo Christ, then love lo theperishing about us. When once a man orworaan has actually come under the powerof Christ's love, henceforward that man orwoman will bave very different feelingstoward mankind. They will no longerbe se^/-eentred, but (if I raay coin a word)mankind-centred, Ghrist-centiei. Theirworld will nb longer be the little, narrow,contracted world of self, but the wide, wideworld of suffering, sinning huraanity. Thechief question witb them now will be, nothow can I amass 'wealth, or gain socialdistinction, or political preferment, etc.,but how do good, how make the world alittle better, how lead some soul to Christ,how aid in the work of the world's regeneration,how make the most of my life andtalents, and means, for the glorv ofChrist ? Now they look out over the world,like the Master on Jerusalem, witb tearfuleyes and sorrowing beart, because ofits blindness to ils chief interests. Thenceforththey confess themselves debtors toall men. Thus( Paul, Eom. 1:14. Adebtor. What's tbat? One who owessomething to some one, who is under obligationto another. Who's the debtor?Paul, the Christian. Whom does he owe?All men, Greek and Jew, wise and unwise,men of all nations and colors, etc. Whatdoes he owe tbem? Love, like tbat ofJesus Christ, instruction in the gospel ofthe Son of God, all be can do to save them.How did he become their debtor? By thelove of Christ bestowed on him, by hisbeing made possessor of the grace of God,of the unsearchable riches of Christ, andbeing made Christ's steward, Christ's raessenger.It is a debt of love. As Christbas loved him, so be owes to all men asimilar love. Christ did not love Paul,does not love any merely to put tbem underobligation to love Him, but to love allmen as well. All Christians are in thisdebt. How pay it? Paul paid it bypreaching tbe gospel wberever and wheneverbe could get a bearing. Some arecalled to pay it in that way; others byusing their means for tbe support of tbework; and all Christians, by personaleffort, as opportunily offers, to reach theunsaved and point them to Christ. Lovetbus feels itself a debtor not only tbCbrist, but to all il can reacb by meanswitbin its grasp.Love, Christian love, the product ofChrist's love to us, is tbe grealest, themightiest thing in tbe world. -"Now abidethfailb, hope, love; but tbe grealest ofthese is love." "Love is strong as 3eath;jealousy is cruel as tbe grave. Tbe flashesthereof are flashesof fire, a very flame ofthe Lord. Many waters cannot quenchlove. Neither can the floods drain iti Ifa man would give all tbe substance of bishouse for love, he would utterly be contemned."(E, V.) Song 8:6, 7.Love leads to the best and greatestworks. Love secured the atonement(John3:16). Love formulated the plan. Lovecarried it into effect. Love brougbt theSon of God into our world, incarnate, inthe deepest humiliation. Love impelled

Hun in all He did wbile here, in preaching,and teaching, and doing good, insuffering, and dying. Love issued tbeGreat Commission, Matt. 38:19, 30. Lovesent out tbe apostles and providedthrough the organization of tbe Churchand the ministry of the Word, that thework should go on to its completion in thatglad day, yet future, tbat tbe Seer ofPatmos saw in apocalyptic vision, whenallYound tbe world, following the sun inits course, shall be heard, not the morningdrum beat of nations still in rebellionagainst tbeir divine Lord, but tbe welcome,tbe joyful sound of tbe angel voiceproclaiming, "Tbe kingdom of tbe worldis become our Lord's and' His Christ's."(I give the literal rendering of what isnow considered tbe best Greek text of thispassage. How suggestive of deliverancefrom Satan's usurpation, etc.) Now aslove was the one grand motive in tbedivine mind in providing redemption, solove of the same kind must proclaim it toaU men, carry tbe glad tidings tp all peoples.It alone vrill open wide tbe treasuresof God's people and bring from tbem inabundance the gold, the money needed todo the work; the frankincense andmyrrh .of lives devoted to God, menand women giving themselves a livingsacrifl*e to Jesus Cbrist, ready for anyservice to whicb He may call tbem. Thelove of Christ only can accomplish sucb results.A writer in the Missionary Beviewfor June says that the motive of foreignmissionary endeavor is "pure love—love of God shed abroad in the heart runningout over aU the race. * * * It isthe antithesis of ordinary human motives.It is the gospel ideal of springs of action."He then quotes Lu. 14:12-14, as expressingthe gospel idea, and then adds tbatthe heavenly basis of action is "Do goodthus and so to these otbers because theycannot do anything for tbee. * * *Questions of the Hour. 259Only a heavenly soul can understand theheavenly principles and love it."What we are willing to do for JestisChrist by obeying His law, by personalservice, by giving of our means in His appointedway is tbe evidence and measureof our love lo Him. If it's little we arewilling to do, it's little we love. If welong lo do all we can for Him and in Hisway, and we feel like Paul, "Woe is untome if I do not then labor for Him," itmeanswe love Him mueh. A few monthsago Mrs. Poster, known in New York Cityas "the Angel of tbe Tombs," because ofber devoted, self-sacriflcing work for thepoor creatures (and specially the women)wbo were imprisoned tbere, lost ber life inthe buming of the Park Avenue Hotel. Apoor unfortunate Italian girl whom Mrs.Foster had greatly helped wanted to dosomething to show ber love to ber departedfriend. Sbe went to tbe matron of tbeCriminal Court Building and made knownher wish. Pointing to her old, soiled batshe said, "I haven't got much money. IfI had I'd get a better hat. But I've got aquarter. Do you suppose if I bought 35cents worth of flowersthey'd take tbem ?"The matron thought tbey would, but advisedber to keep the money for herself.Sbe replied emphatically, "No, I won't.She was my friend." And she did so.Her love was strong. It would not be repressed.Self was put out of sigbt andmind. Sbe bad just one thought, andtbat was to do all sbe could to show herlove TO tbat dear, departed friend. It waslillie, compared by the arithmetic of business,but when compared by tbe arithmeticof love, how vast its value. Sbe gave her"aU." So, reader, if you truly love Jesus,self will be forgotten, and yonr onethougbt wiU be, "What and how mucbcan I do for Him?" No sacriflce willseem too great. You will hold all at Hisdisposal. You will not need to be re-

260 Questions of the Hour.minded of, and urged to, your duty to vising the Corinthian Christians to haveHim. Money for His work will not bave a cburch fair or festival some time duringtb be wrung from you by means of fairsand festivals, elc. It will not require icecream or strawberries and creara suppers,or any of these worldly raethods to openyour purse for your best Friend. I do notthe week and in this way to lay by themin store as the Lord had prospered tbem.But it is too painful, so I forbear.Another bas said, "Tbe test of religion,tbe flnal test of religion, is not religiousness,think you will want to use sucb raethods.but Love." I say the flnal test ofIf we love Jesus, we will obey Him. See religion at that great day is not religiousness,John 14:15, 31, 33; 15:10, 14; 1 John5 :3. One of His comraandraents is "Go yeinto all the world, and preach the gospelbut Love; not wbat I bave done, notwhat I bave believed, not wbat' I baveachieved, bul how I have discharged theto every creature." Mark 16:15. If we comraon charities of life. Sins of commissiontruly love Him, we will do all we can toobey this precept and to help on the great in that awful indictment are not evenreferred to. By what we have not done,work. We will feel as Peter and John by sins of omission, we are judged. Itbefore the Jewish Sanhedrim, tbat we could not be otherwise. Por the withholdingmust obey God, whatever the cost.Measured by our" missionary activities,how lillie we love Christ, how lillie weof love is the negative of the spiritof Christ, the proof tbat one never knewHim, tbat for' us He lived in vain. IIcompassionate the perishing! Wby is it means tbat He suggested nothing in allso hard to get money to do the Lord'swork ? Why must people be constantly remindedof their duty in tbis (and in allotber departments of the Cbristian life)and urged, and urged; and exhorted andour thoughts; tbat He inspired nothingin all our lives; tbat we were not oncenear enougb to Him to be seized with thespell of His compassion for tbe world.It means tbat—exhorted, to it ? Because pf lack of love toChrist. This ought not to be. Drummondsays, "Love is not a thing of enthu­"I lived for myself, I tbought for myself,For myself, and none beside—siastic emotion. It is a rich, sirong, raanly,vigorous expression of the whole roundJust as if Jesus had never lived.As if He had never died!"Christian character—tbe Christ-like natureHow develop this power in our* beartsin its fullest developraenti" If tbat and lives? By studying Christ's love tobe true, there will be no need of our being us, and by putting what we learn intourged on to duty, or fairs and festivals and practice. "For ye know the grace of oursocials, etc., to call love inlo exercise, and Lord Jesus Christi that though He wassecure its expression. Imagine'Jesus rich, yet for your sakes He became poor,.Christ, when on earth, having to be urged that we through His poverty migbt beand exhorted to do His work, or baving ricb." 3 Cor. 8:9. Tbis is wbat Paulto resort to cburch fairs apd suppers, etc., used as a means to develop and strengthenlo call out the expressions of His love.Imagine tbose early Christians at Jerusaleni.wilh Barnabas at their bead, saying,the love of the Christians at Corinth, andcall it into active exercise in liberal giving.Reader, place yourself in tbe current"Come, now, let's bave an ice cream supper,of Christ's love, that you may becomeor a poverty sociah to raise money for charged and tbrUled wilh its wonderfulthese poor brethren." Imagine Paul ad­magnetic influenee. Then tbis will be the

constraining power, tbe impelling force in being, not occasionally, not onQuestions of the Hour. 261every duty of the Christian life. Then pulse, but regularly, methodically, sysyouwUl give for the support of the Lord's tematically, wiUingly, gladly, as a matterwork, toward tbe gospeh to every buman of Love's Necessity.Keep your Sabbaths free for earnest reading. Burn up the Sunday newspaper. Itis an indefensible, intolerable curse. It exists simply and solely to swell the incomeof wealthy and greedy newspaper proprietors. A Christian ought to be ashamed tohave it in his house.Is not a man sufflciently secularized by six days' contact witb the world, withoutdipping his mind on Sabbath morning once more into the muddy stream in which hehas dipped himself on the preceding six days ? What can be expected of a Christianin public worship who comes to churcb with a newspaper stuffed into his mind ? Heis cold as a clod to the touch of the preachers, and lowers the spiritual temperature ofthe entire congregation.WUliam E. Gladstone was an ideal worshipper in God's bouse. He concentrated allhis great powers upon the sermon. He was interested because he was informed.He was informed because throughout life he had made diligent use of his Sabbaths.He declared in old age tbat he would not have lived so long had he not always kepthis Sabbaths quite apart from his political life. It was pure refreshment to him toturn to holier things on that day. It enabled him to learn more-of reUgious subjectsthan perhaps any otber layman of our century. It gave him that firm and splendidground which ennobled and haUowed aU his actions. "Go thou and do likewise."—Charles E. Jefferson, D.D.We have yet to demonstrate to the world the power of a spiritual church. Inwe have yet to show to the world a truly spiritualchurch. • A church of 1,000 members,every one of whom was spiritual in the New Testament sense, could shake acontinent.—Bishop Thoburn.It may bot be ours to utter convincing "arguments, but it may be ours to livUves.' It may not be ours to be subtie and learned and logical, but it may be ours tobe noble and sweet and pure.—Canon Farrar."No one can live his best unless he sometimes climbs a high hiU and gets theexhilaration ofa wide view. Missions give that, wide view to a church, and withoutan interest in missions a church is certain to settie down into a dull and fruitlessroutine."Another day wben we were revising 1 John 3: 18, "My littie children, let uslove in word, neither with the tongue ; but in deed and truth," Lomai asked me toread it again, and then said, " That is the very truth If all men did that, theywould truly worship God." On another occasion after trying in vain to turn one ofPaul's speeches into intelligible Tannese, I said to Lomai, " Do yoa think the peoplewUl understand that, Lomai ? " He answered very dubiously, " I don't know ; notmany people speak like Paul, he had a very strong mouth. "—.Rev. Frank Paton.

262 News of the Churches.N E W S OF T H E C H U R C H E S .ABROAD.Latakia, SyRiA.—August 19, 1902,Miss Maggie B. Edgar, who spent hervacation in Ireland, wrote from Londonthat sbe was then on ber way to Syria,and expected to be in Latakia about the6th or 7th of September. She says : "Ihave had a most pleasant sumraer inspite of very unseasonable weather, andtbe rest has done me much good."giris. Tbe motber of tbe girl tbat madeso mucb fuss when she joined tbe churchwas delighted and said to me, "No matterwhat happens to me, never with my consentwill my girl leave scbool until shefinishes." It was a' change from thefrenzied woman wbo was ready for anythingscarcely two raonths'ago. I said,"You know tbat your daughter is a Cbristianand we will expect to see her at cburchon Sabbaih." Sbe said,, "I -will neverSuadia.—Tbe following letter fromMiss Cunninghara, dated .July 10, will beread wilh interest:We bave closed tbe sehools here for thesuramer vacation. We had a public examinalionfor the girls to which only theparents were specially invited. I was veryglad that they werd invited, as they showedso much pleasure in listening to tbeirGIRLS' SCHOOL, SUADIA.ask her to do any work on Sabbath; shecan come and spend tbe whole day withyou, if she likes." Tbey all came on Sabbatb,althougb tbey live more than anbour away. After the cburch service wasover I made dinner for them, as they hadeaten notbing since early morning, andtbey stayed for our little prayer meeting,in-which they all took part. I think it

News of the Churches. 263will be' a good thing to have tbem takedinner fe-^rery Sabbatb and then they canspend the Sabbath here. I asked them ifthey would not like to teach their Utilebrothers and sisters at home, and promisedthat if they did, tbat both tbose whotaught and those who learned should get aprize. Perhaps in this way we might beable to have schools among the Fellaheen.Tbe girls were delighted witb the proposal.What it will amount to remains lobe seen; at least it will accustom tbem lothe thougbt of baving a school taught byone of themselves.I inclose a picture of the schooh whichmay be interesting to many, and one ofour Fellaheen converts in Suadia from thegirls' school. You will notice the finestrong face of Zaniob, tbe one that isstanding between tbe two wbo are sitting.The one with the dog has been engaged tobe married for two years. I do not knowwhether she 'will be married tbis year ornot. Botb ber elder brothers went intotbe army two weeks ago, and the fatheris in exile on account oif a robbery. Theyare a very powerful family, as tbe motbersaid; all of tbem strong men, able to holdtheir own. Gussoon has also a will of herown, as you will see from tbe picture. Sheis holding the dog. Mrs. Dodds took tbepictures, wbich are excellent.We bave bad all tbe services well attendedall year and tbere is no falling off.Eev. J. Boggs Dodds also wrote fromKessab as follows on July 8:It will be very difficult for me to giveyou an idea of our work for the past fewweeks, partly because I bave been so busyand partly because commonplaces musthappen although they move rapidly.Owing to tbe illness of our second son,Torrence, and because of the need ofMrs. Dodds getting away from Suadia, Ibrought tbe family up to Kessab May 1.Since that time I have been up bere oncea week. We are glad to see tbat tbis mountaincliraate has benefited both Mrs.Dodds and Torience. My wife had givena little too rauch strength to pietures andarticles connected with them, for the bestinterests of health in such a Irying climateas is ours.Our schools were closed July 3. Theoccasion was quite an event in the historyof Suadia. That day tbe parents of thegirls and a goodly number of otbersgathered for the examination in tbe girls'school. As you raight expect, the closingexaraination of a school is but an ordinaryaffair. Trae, but then, it is always extraordinaryto those iraraediately concerned.Like a .few otber things, it is notlikely lo occur raore than once in the lifetiraeof a pupil.To us this exaraination bad some verytouching and unusually interesting features.Not long since, I wrote you aboutthe little excitement raised by the parents

264 News of the Churches.of one little girl wbo was baptized intoChrist at our last communion. Also Iwrote of Gussoon, whose brother andfamily threatened ber so terribly becauseshe joined the Churcb. Tbe mothersof both these- girls were present, bavingbecome reconciled and baving shown adesire to make amends for their unseemlybehavior. They seemed to be quite proudof their daughters, and wanted a place forthem in school next year.Tbe Thursday evening before, June 36,being the dale sel for King Edward's coronation,the people of Suadia, to the nuraberof about three hundred, gathered tocongratulate Miss Cunninghara, and to enjoya variety of raagic lantern views, ofwhich one interesting series exhibited theroyal farailies of Europe. Olher views,such as scenes frora the "Pilgriras' Progress" afforded fine opportunity to givetbe large gatbering,sorae good gospel talk,which was iraproved by Miss Cunningham,while the slides were being passedthrough the lantern. Owing to this recentgathering, it was deeraed prudent tosend the girls home with their parents onThursday. Thus anotber year closed uponthe girls' school. It has been a time offaitbful seed-sowing, as testified by th^very satisfactory showing of the girls inanswer to questions given al randora fromtbe Catechisms, Bible, Psalter and variousbranches of secular studies.The examination of the boys' school wasreally private, held on July 3; private, becausetbal owing to the intention of givinga "public night" on the evening of July3, we did not deem il wise to ask the peoplein this very busy harvest season tocome both during the day and during theevening. The examinalion of these boysshowed that good work had been done byboth teachers and pupils during the year.During the past year our school had beenmore thoroughly graded than at any othertime since our coming, and the advantageswere apparent. As usual, tbe courseof study has in it a large percentage ofreligious instruction.Active preparations for the "publicnight" occupied our time for two days,more or less. The grounds were beautifullyornamented witb flowers in abundance,Chinese lanterns and transparencies.More tban six bundred persons ofall classes thronged the grounds as darknessfell. Tbe gentle breeze made it coolenougb for comfort. As the stars cameout, tbe crowds came pouring in, unlil ouryard was full. At tbe appointed hour webegan our exercises by Teacher HannaDomat reading the lOOtb Psahn, whichwas sung with raucb enthusiasm. Youwill remeraber that our schools have manyformer pupils among heads of familieswho never became Protestants. Many ofthese could sing with us. Then TeacherToufik Fattal read Roraans, 13th chapter.After this our aged licentiate, M. IbrahimJukki, led in prayer. Tbe literary programmecomraenced with a song of welcoraeby the boys. It was followed by declaraations,dialogues and orations of varyingstyles and of unequal profundity, bulall well received and generously applauded.This literary entertainment beingclosed, pictures from the magic lanternwere thrown on tbe screen and explained,thus" again presenting much gospel truthto the many hundreds wbo gave us as respectfulattention as any people could give.At the close tbe benediction was pronounced,and we bid the crowds farewellat the little wicket gate, so artisticallyconstructed and ornamented by tbe twoteacbers and pupils.My one prayer that nigbt as I lookedinto the faces of tbe throng, was that Godwould allow us to see such crowds, anigreater, coming to bear tbe gospel of Jesua

Indeed, the church attendance bas farexceeded all former times, and has beenas large as at any time during the year.We praise the Lord for opportunities.Prayer and persistence will do greatthings by His blessing.Mersina, Asia Minor.—In a privateletter from Rev. R. J. Dodds, written July7, we find the following holiday items:Miss Sterrett and Miss McNaughton areboth away. * * * They need a goodrest. Tbey are very bard workers.* * "' I bave a little day school goingon under the care of Ismail Muchloof.The attendance at Sabbatb school is aboutforty. There are from fiftyto sixty presentat Sabbatb morning service, and fromforty-five to fifty-fivein the afternoon. Theafternoon meetings are held in tbe yard,owing to the extreme heat. It is comfortableout of doors, and more people attendtban .if tbe meetings were in the' house.Another leiter from Mr. Dodds, datedJuly 31, contains some items of interest:Yesterday morning we had forty-sevenin Sabbatb school and sixty-three inehurch. In prayer meeting in tbe afternoonalso we bad sixty-three. Some ofthose who had been present in the raorningwere absent, but others filled theirplaces. I tbink it is encouraging to haveso many in the extreme heat. There ismuch fever and sickness.In tbe evening a number of Kessablies,men from Kessab, gathered in a neighborhoodadjoining their rooms, to dance andsing, as is their wont. I decided to goover and rebuke thera. When I appearedthey rose to salute me and offered rae achair. I asked tbem whether tbey wereChristians or Mosleras, and they said theywere Christians, of course. I said, "Tbenyou sbould know that it is the ChrislianNews of ihe Churches. 265Sabbath and that it is our duty to keep itholy as God commands." I spoke to thenifor some tirae and reminded tbem thatwe must all stand before the judgmentseat of Christ. I then left them and wentover to the other side of the roof, wherea number of Maronites from Mount Lebanon,wbo had arrived by the stearaerjust before noon, had encamped for thenight. There were raore than a hundredof thera, charcoal burners and gatherersof pitch. I bade them good evening, andasked if there were any persons there whowould like me to preach tbe Word of Godto them. They said they would all bepleased, so I took "God so loved tbeworld," etc., for my text and preached lotbem for balf an hour. They were all veryattentive, and many, carae forward andthanked rae for the discourse. One ladabout seventeen years of age seemed muchaffected, and thanked rae with deep eraotion.It would have been a curious sigbtfor you to see. Sorae were eating theirS'upper, sorae were cooking, sorae weremalcing their beds, and otbers had alreadylain down to sleep. I esteeraed it a blessedprivilege to be allowed to preach to thera.There is a Moslera school taugbt inthe street a few rods from our house. Theboys and the teacher sit on raats on thesidewalk. I frequently sit down aniongthera and teach thera about Christ. Theboys are pleased, and give me a heartysalute wherever lhey meet rae.Cyprus.—A letter frora Dr. W. il.Moore, dated June 36, reports tbe newMission building within three or fourdays' work of being finished,except thehanging of the bell. "I am now," hewrites, "holding my clinics in the cburch.At the firstthere were sixty present, andat the last ninety-eight Mr. Aegyptiadesaddresses thera on Fridays, and eilher Mr.Deraetriades or rayself on Thursdays."

266 News of the Churches.BOYS' SCHOOL, MERSINA, 1901-02.See August No., p. 285,

News of the Churches. 267A letter of July 17 from Dr. Mooregives a very interesting account of workamong the Moslems:The past year we have had far more activeopposition than any time since wecame to tbe island. Here in Larnaca allthe Greeks seemed to fake alarm aboutour scbool, and none but a few of theworst boys who had been expelled fromtbe Greek school came to us. With oneexception all were bad, and only this exceptionremained until the end of theterm. But when the Greeks left the Moslemboys came and our school was raadeup of Moslems, Jews and Armenians. Theone Greek boy who came until tbe end oftbe term is a very good boy. I never badto ask him once for his tuition, as he alwayspaid it promptly. He is of a poorfamily.When the Moslem boys firstcarae th6ywere not inclined to listen to tbe readingof tbe Bible, and did not want to standduring prayer. But one wbo showed tbemost hatred at first came to me andbought a Bible before scbool closed. Manyof tbeir discussions about our Bible werereported to us.One boy who intends being a Sheikhsaid, "I thougbt tbe Christian's Bihle wasa bad book, but all t have heard read hereis good. I intend to get one and to examineit." This boy, like all the Moslemboys who came to us, was well-behavedand gentlemanly. Greeks of Cyprus atpresent are far more immoral and craelthan tbe Moslems.About fifteen Moslem boys attended ourschool, and all except one paid a littletuition. Six or seven were present allthe term, and four others came a few daysbefore school closed asking for admission.Through the medical work and scbool. alone are we able to come in contact witbthese people. Only a very few times baveMoslems entered the churcb. Tbe nightbefore the school closed we told the boyslo invite their fathers to our house andspend the evening. We were surprisedwhen eight of the Sheikhs came. Tbeywere very friendly and encouraged us inregard to our school. The Sheikh who isprincipal in tbe Moslem scbool said tbatat least ten more boys wbo had finishedtheir own scbool would come next year.I made friends with this raan when bewas sick, in Lefkara, six years ago. Hebroughl five of the boys whom we had in'school, and Mr. Nishan bad told him tbatsome of the boys did not want to standduring the prayer. This he reported tothose who were present, and one oldSheikh whose tarboosh (cap) wastriramed in green, and wbom -we tboughtto be very fanatical, said, "It is a shamefor our boys to act so. Wben our boyscome to your school we want them to showrespect to your worship, and lo keep therules of the scbool."Of course in Cyprus there is freedomas far as Government is concerned. Ifwe can have a school with Moslem boysit certainly is an opportunity for workthat will pay. Unless we have a freescbool we cannot force the boys to learnthe Catechism, etc., as in boarding schools,but if our school succeeds we.can graduallyintroduce such lessons. The last yearwe bad a portion of gospel read everymorning, followed by prayer, and pftenthe prayer was made in the Turkish language,so that the boys would understandit better. And eacb class of boys had aBible lesson each day, as well as lessonsabout lying and other prevailing sins, asoften as- an opportunity presented.ThOTe is also a splendid opening for agirls' scbool among Moslem and Armeniangirls in Nicosia. Miss Rachel Sarkissian,the daughter of our Armenian pastorthere, bad a little school of twelve

268 News of the Churches.pupils last year. We granted her use ofthe room wbich we use as a meeting place.We also helped ber lo the araount of $6 or$7 worth of necessities for ber school. Alltbe salary sbe got (whicb was not mucb)was from the pupils. This young ladyis a very good teacher. Sbe bad tbreelittle girls, daughters of tbe principal oftbe Moslem school in Nicosia. Althoughher school was so small, I am glad to knowtbat she is going to try it again next year,and she hopes to have ber sister to belpher. Tbe last year she had only sraallchildren, and taughti by kindergartenraethods. If her sister helps her theywill take girls of all ages. Tbey bothspeak Englisb very well, and teacb it.Tbis is the attraction.If we had a raissionarylocated in Nicosiathis scbool should be run by us, andI believe it proraises mucb good. I havestrong faith in schools as a means ofteaching the gospel, and I beUeve thatCyprus is no exception. Tbe Catholicsare working this line for all it is worth.Miss McNaughton, of Mersina, vrhenon a visit to Cypras in July, writes as follows:Last Sabbath it was my privilege to bepresent at the services in "Tbe DavidTorrens Memorial" Cbapei. Wbat a pretty,neat little chapel it is! It makes onesad to see the vacant pulpit and the timedrawing so near for Dr. Moore and familyto take a much needed rest, and no oneto take up tbe work. Must Cyprus begiven up? Must these precious years belost? Surely some one will leave all andcorae. At 9:30 A. M. Eev. Sarkissianpreacbed in Arraenian frora Micah 6:8.There were thirty-five present. At 4:30P. M. Sabbath scbool was held, with anattendance of forty-five. After Sabbathschool Mr. Deraetriades addressed the peoplefrom the words, "If, therefore, ye seeksixth clinic at NEW MEMORIAL CHAPEL AT LARNACA.

NeiDS of the Churches. 169rae, let these go their way." There weretwenty Greeks present and fiveor six camein just as he finished. Every one paidthe closest attention to his discourse andseemed well pleased. We predict for tbisyoung man a bright future among his ownpeople.You will be interested in the picture ofDr. Moore's clinic. He bas often wishedfor one of tbe people as tbey gathered atclinic. Tbis is a picture of the sixlhciinie beld at the new chapeh and wastaken in the audience room. Dr. Moore'.gave tbose present a good talk on "TheWise and Foolish Virgins," during whicbthere were many groans. Tbe groaningbeing in Greelc, I could not tell whetber itwas from physical pain or guilty consciences.After tbe religious service tbephotographer took a picture of the group.This clinic was nol so large as formerones, yet it was very difficult lo get thewhole seventy-seven present in good position.Some objected to being photographed,as they had not washed theirfaces or combed their hair, but sick peopleare always excusable if tbey do notappear at their best. Very much to our.joy a Greek priest came in just in time toget in the front row at tbe right. Byhis side is Mr. Demetriades, our prospectivepreacher, and at present the onlyGreek convert in Larnaca. Mr. Nishanis also in the front row. He and Mr.Demetriades were not iU, but left theirwork long enougb to come in and allayany fear that migbt be lurking in tbehearts of tbeir neighbors. Most of theblaek objects are either women in mourningor Moslem women with tbeir facescovered.China.—Writing from Tak HingCbau, June 11, Miss Jennie Torrence saysamong other things:To-day while we were at dinner sixwomen came into the yard, an'd were invitedto corae in and rest. As soon as wehad finishedeating, Mrs. Eobb went in totalk- with them. She learned that tbeirhome was twenty miles distant in thecountry. The woraen came into tbe cityto attend tbe "theatre." Their husbands,who had worked here when our bouse wasbeing built, heard Mr. Eobb talk the Jesusdoclrine, so tbey told the woraen to besure and come here to see the "Sz Nai"(Mrs. Eobb) and hear her talk tbe Jesusdoclrine, which they said was "Cheuk"(which is their expression for true). Mrs.Eobb_ talked with them for some timeabout the doctrine. She soon found thatthe husbands bad been telling theih wbatthey had learned while here. .The womengave very good attention, and seeraed tobe interested in what was being said. Thusthe good seed is being scattered. God'sword is raightyin power. We pray it mayso influence these lives that they may learntbe truth, and the truth shall make therafree. Wben Mrs. Eobb told thera we expectedto open a school for girls after awhile, where they eould learn lo read theBible, they said: "Oh, but our girls haveto work in the fieldsto eam their rice."-Let us have your eamest intercessoryprayer for this poor neglected class inChina.Last Sabbath Mr. Eobb's text was ,Matt.38:18. After the services Mrs. Eobbasked one of the woraen (B So) if she understoodthe sermon, she said: "ChunSin Shang"—lold lhem that Christ badpower over devils. This was great comfortlo her—for all her lifetime she hasfeared fbe spirits of the dead. Her littledaughter, seven years old, died last suraraer.The poor mother was so afraid ofher spirit that she did not' wanl to stayhere, so she went to Canton, hoping to getfar away from any influence of -the child'sspirit. Sbe was taken inlo the home of

270 News of the Churches.a Christian woman, a teacher in tbe U. B.Mission. Here for tbe firsttirae sbe heardof a Saviour, and was told by tbis Christianteacber of ber own race, who had atone time worshipped the dead, that theirspirits could not harm ber. Tbis seemed tocomfort ber beart for tbe time. Tbe fearof persecution, I tbink, is all that keepsher from publicly professing Christ. Shehas been in our home for some time, andtakes very kindly to tbe teaching of theBible. We hope you will bear raore aboutE So soon.It is witb prayerful bope and joyfulanticipation we look forward to the celebrationof tbe Lord's Supper on the flrstSabbatb of July. Our hearls are anxiousabout tbose who have been regulariy attendingthe evening worship and haveheard much of tbe Word of God. For afew evenings Mr. Eobb has been too hoarseto lead in singing. Tbe Chinese decidedthey could sing tbe 23d Psalm withouthis help. Their tune was not withoutvariations, but we hope it was accepted asthe best tbey could offer. Only a sborttime since a nuinber of thera gathered inthe old bouse one Sabbath afternoon andwere trying to sing tbe Psalms we use inservices. We can't have much variation inthe' selections as yet, for we want tbem tobecome familiar witb wbat we sing. Astbd women cannot read tbe characters, itrequires constant repetition for their benefit.Refreshing showers haVe terapered theheat.We are anxiously awaiting the report ofSynod. May God's richest blessing restupon tbe Churcb and especially tbe leadersof the flock.The following letter from Dr. J. MaudeGeorge,o.f Tak Hing Cbau, written July14, 1903, to Covenanter friends, will beread with interest:I am thankful to be able to write tbatwe are all well, and that we have now badsix weeks of fine cool, cloudy weather—raost unusual for this time of year, abdmost refreshing. We are now in the midstof a flood. The West River has overflowedits banks and tbe water bas backedup a tributary stream back of us, so thatthe great plain back of us, bordered by themountains, is now a beautiful lake onwhieh large boats come and go. Tbey ,tellus we can now go by boat back ten mflesover rice fields. The streets of Tak Hingare full of water, and tbe water is threefeet deep in our front yard, and still rising.Most happily, tbe yard is terracedand the water bas not yet reached thetop of the terrace. The lowest floor ofour house is above high water mark, so webope to escape, but it is hard on tbeChinese, for it is raining their peanutcrop's, whicb they waited so long to getinto the grotmd, detained by tbe drouth,Mr. Robb's references in bis.sermons tothe power of Gpd in giving or withholdingrain never fail to catch the attentionof-his audience, and we believe God, byHis Providence, is opening their eyes tomany of tbe truths of His Word. 'Sabbath, July 6,1902, was—in all probability—tbemost important day in thehistory of Tak Hing. Por the first timein all tbe centuries tbe Lord's deatb wascommemorated bere. There were visible atthe table five communicants—^the old Chinesegrandmother, of whose baptism youhave already beard, and tbe four missionaries.Our eyes were not open to see thegreat cloud of witnesses, but we cannotdoubt tbat Heaven was interested. Sixweeks before tbe date set for communion,Sabbatb, Mr. Robb announced it andasked all wbo wished to join with us tolet him know so that he migbt give tbemnecessary instruction. No one respondeduntil -within a few days, of tbe communion

Sabbath, when three women and one man—^who had been frequent, but nbt regular,in attendance—asked to be admitted.It was thought best tbat they sbould waita few montbs until another communionservice, as their knowledge was necessarilyso imperfect. This is a point upon whicbmissionaries differ a great deal in policy•—some of tbe missions accepting almostwithout question all wbo apply—^but, especiallyat thistime in Cbina, wben so manywould come into tbe Church from manifestlywrong motives, we feel it our dutyto guard tbe purity of the Chnrcb mostcarefully, and in tbe cases in question Mr.Eobb had the most hearty support of allin his decision, and, we bave no doubt,would have your support if you werehere.There are a few wbo bave been underconstant instruction, and at least one whogives evidence of being a believer, whomwe had hoped would confess Cbrist at tbistime. The one who seems furthest advancedis Iso, the woman who helps Mrs.Eobb. Sbe came to Mrs. Eobb one dayand said, "Sz Nai, I wi,sb you would teacbme to pray." Mrs. Eobb bad already beenteaching her, but sbe tried again to makeit very plain, and prayed with her. Isosaid, "When you pray with me my heartis very happy, but I. cannot remeraberand eannot speak it out myself." Mrs.Robb explained again that prayer is simplyspeaking to God—telling Him ourneeds and thanking Him for His gifts.Iso's littie boy was not weU, and Mrs.Robb said, "You sbould ask God to makeyour chUd weU." Tbat seemed to makeit clear to ber, and tbe parent-heart cameto know tbe Father in praying for berchUd. In a few days tbe boy was welland she came to Mts. Robb witb ber faceshining and said, "Sz Nai, I can praynow." Tbis little boy, but eleven yearsold, attended a mission sehool in CantonNews of the Churches. 271before coming here, and he now asks theblessing at the table.Tbe old grandmother showed her habitin tbis regard wben the bread was passedto her at tbe Lord's Table. She beld it inber hand wbile she asked an audible blessingbefore eating. Tbe only other breakin the order was made by tbe man alreadyreferred to as desjring to join at tbis time,rising and apparently intending to cometo tbe table. Mr. Robb siraply requestedhim to be seated, and after the service explainedto him more fully.One who knows so little of tbe languageas I, is certainly incompetent to properlyreport tbe preaching, and yet I believeI should bave been deeply moved by tbeevident feeling and earnestness of tbespeaker had I nol understood one word.Tbe attention was marked—an added witnessto tbe presence of the Spirit's powerin the faces of the bearers.The sermon on Preparation Sabbatbwas on the Crucifixion; on Friday, theBurial and Resurrection, and on Saturdayon John 14:1. On Sabbatb morningMr. Eobb fir^texplained the sacramentalacts, tben further explained tbe ordinanceas one in whicb the believer, first, commemoratesChristis death; second, confessesChrist; tbird, receives His grace;fourth, enters into cbvenant \ritb Him.Never before did I realize fully tbe wonderfulway in whicb this siraple eeremoiiyerabodies tbe whole gospel of Christ.The debarring service followed this sermon,and then tbe sacrament was administered—thetable address being on tbeparable of the wedding garment.In the evening, as I sat by my window,I suddenly saw tbe mountains in theeast all aglow. Going to the verandah, Ifound the wbole valley covered witb glory—the most unusual hazy brigbtness coveringall and completely hiding tbe bleakface of Great Strength Mountain. Mr.

272- News of the Churches.Robb was looking from tbe ground belowand be voiced the tbought of all when besaid, "An auspicious ending of a goodday." To the west tbere was a flood ofgold where the sun had just gone down,a perfect sea of glory, reminding us anewof the promise, tbal tbe knowledge of theglory of the Lord shall cover the earth asthe waters cover the sea.A gloridus future is assured; but wbatof present duty ? WMle I have been writingthis raorning, two coffins have beenS. S. "Doric" on Septi 37, 1902, and thechurches should be ranch in prayer forthese beloved raissionariesthat tbey raayhave a prosperous voyage and good successin their new fieldof labor.The Chronicle for June reports progressin the missionary work under the supervisionof tbe great Society it represents:The Rev. J. S. Warson, of .Chiang Chiu,writes April 1: I have just retumed froma three weeks' journey round the counlryREV, J, K, ROBB,carried past the house to the cemetery besideus. What of those souls ? We Covenantersare alone in this valley. Whatshall we do for the raen of this our dayand generation in Tak Hing? Do nolanswer until you bave prayed.Our Mission at Tak Hing will be largelyreinforced, if the Lord wiU, before theclose of this year. Rev. and Mrs. J. K.Robb and Dr. and ilrs. J. M. Wright expectto sail frora San Francisco, Cah, byMRS. ROBB.churches, and bave bad a good lirae. Thechurches at each place were crowded withpeople, and I tbink their anxiely to heartbe gospel was more eager than ever. Thismultiiude belongs lo the middle andpoorer classes, wilh just a sprinkling ofthe literati. I find that in going roundvisiting, the opportunity is better thanever it was, and the people are morepleased to bear. There is no doubt tbeminds of the people are more open thantbey ever were before. Partly this is ow-

News of the Churches. 273ing to the troubles of tbe past few years,but I tbink it is also due to the persistencywith which the Roman Catholics- andJapanese propagate their cburcbes. WbenI came here the Eoraan Catholics were notnearly so alive and aggressive as at present,and it is only a short tirae since theJapanese started their propaganda. Tbemethods of tbese two are somewhat similar.They promise large support in helpingthe people to settle law cases with theofficials; indeed, the Japanese make thechurches in our Chiang Chiu district arenow self-supporting, wbile otbers are wellon in the sarae direction.Writing al the end of April, Eev. W. H.Eees says: I am now relurning to TienTsin after a month's absence. I have beenreceived everywhere by officials and peoplewith eourtesy and hospitality, and welcomedby the converts witb great warrnth.I stayed in a small inn in the town ofHsiao Chang, never got to bed until aftermidnight, saw crowds of our people.M, WRIUHT, M,D.rule that a sura of one or two doUars paidinto their funds gives the promise of theirhelp wben law cases come on. No doubtthis appeals to a large class of tbe Chinesewbo are glad to take tbis opportunity toget out of trouble. But the people realizethe difference in our way of doing things.I have often beard tbe remark: "Yes,this churcb bas more doctrine and trutbtban the other cburcbes." I am glad toreport distmct progress in the matter ofself-support. Seven out of tbe twelveMRS. 'WRIGHT,listened to sad tales of suffering and losswbicb we knew nol of before, and hadmuc'h dealings witb the gentry who arenow trying to raake up for tbeir delinquenciesin the past. I observed that theheart-wounds of the Christians bave notyet healed, and many will go to the gravebearingthese traces. * * * Servicesare being regularly conducted at most ofour old out-slations, in houses lent to us,but before tbe autumn tbere wiU be a numberof substantial places of worship open.

274 News of ihe Churches.I also started a few boys' schools. So thatthe work is slowly but surely being reorganized,and I was delighted to notice ahealthy spirit animating most of our helpersand members.Africa.—Tbe annual statement of theCongo Mission, under care of the SouthernPresbyterian Churcb, according toThe Missionary for June, reports a remarkableaccession of 383 souls to theChurch witbin a year, making a presentenrollment of 854 at its two principal stationsafter only ten years of missionarywork.India.—^In tbe Herald of the BapiistMissionary Society for Aprih ^^- Eomo,who went to Calcutta in 1862, tells thisstory of progress during the last fortyyears in India:In 1861 tbere were 479 foreign missionariesin tbe country: now tbere are 970.In 1861 tbere were 97 native ordainedministers and 1,366 otber native preachers: now there are 890 of the former and4,500 of tbe latter. But the greatestchange is in tbe number of lady missionaries.In 1861 it is not known how manythere were, but the number was certainlyvery small: now there are 1,100. Best ofaU, in 1861 tbere were less than 35,000nalive coraraunicants: now tbere are verynearly 300,000.The Missionary Herald gives the followingstatistics ofthe Indian Mission ofthe Presbyterian Church in Ireland :Tbe total Christian community, includingadherents, is now 6,383, against 6,157at the end of 1900, and 3,178 at tbe endof 1898, only three years ago. It hastbus almost doubled during the last threeyears. * * *Tbe native Cbristian agency, including8 evangelists j 17 teacbers, and 1 Biblewoman, employed by'the Jungle Tribes'Mission, now numbers 377. Five are ordainedpastors, 73 evangelists, 176 Cbristianteachers, 4 colporteurs and 19 Bible'women.New Hebrides.—Every one who takesan interest in tbe extension of the Kingdomof Christ will regret tbat failinghealth bas forced Eev. Frank Paton toretire from the work on West Tanna. Heleft about tbe middle of Marcb andreached Melbourne in safety in time tocatch a glimpse of bis father and mother,then on the eve of sailing for tbe islands.Tbe effect of tbe labors of this devotedyoung missionary, during tbe time of hisresidence on West Tanna,.is seen in thegraphic picture that Mrs. Paton bas drawnof a service beld at Lenakel, wben it wasknown that they must leave. "Before 7A. M.," sbe writes, "tbe bell rang and thepeople gathered to tbe service. Wben Iarrived the churcb was full—about 300people. I told Titonga and Lomai andlavis to address tbe people, and I gaveLomai messages from Mr. Paton which hewas to deliver. Titonga took tbe chair* * * and prayed for tbe work, forMr. Paton, and for us all. He also prayedthat if Mr. Patoii's health* sbould preventhira from returning, they might allbe kept strong in the Worship, and notgo back. After tbe prayer he read a passageout of the 34tb chapter of Jofhua.He implored the people to put away theirstrange gods and to worship witb all theirbearts, so tbat wben their missionary leftthem for a time, they would not fall away.He told them to choose tbis day whomtbey would serve. * * * At the closeof tbe address we sang, 'Who is on theLord's side?' How they did open tbeirmouths and sing 1"Lomai then rose. He said, *We aU• Mr. Paton waa unable to attend the service.

expected to see Mr. Paton bere to-day, bulMrs. Paton tells me "^ * *' And tbenLomai, the strong, noble-hearted Lomai,wbo bas often bravely faced tbe heathen'srage, burst into tears, and for a full minutehe could not speak. Tbe wbole congregationjoined witb bim. Sucb a sceneeannot and need not be described. Hebegan once more, 'Mrs. Paton says tbat inthe night our Misi nearly fell asleep indeath and left us bis body. I cannot saymuch to you, but I want to read tbis verse,"Surely He batb borne our griefs, andcarried our sorrows." Just so our Misialsb suffered for us, and you bave nottaken bis word as you sbould have. Awake,my brothers, rouse your bearts, and prayto God tbat we may all be better men andwomen. Our Misi has struggled. I haveseen him in bis study go on witb the translationof these books wben be could hardlystand. And when tbe books came, did youvalue tbem as you sbould have? Tbereare many of you wbo bave not yet boughtthem. It is because you are not strong, oryou would bave all bought them long ago.Our Misi is iU, be goes away, we may neversee bim again. My brothers, be strong.My heart is too sore, I cannot say much,'Poor Lomai, tbis was all uttered in brokensentences, and accompanied witb sobs, tbetears rolling fast down bis face."Tbe hymn foUowing tbis was a greatcontrast to tbe one previous. I only heardtwo or three feeble voices bravely attemptingto sing. Four of our teacbers tbenprayed shortly-beautiful prayers. lavis,the war chief, tben arose, and read inMatthew 16:13-28. He spoke chiefly on'What shaU a man be profited, if he shallgain tbe wbole world, and forfeit his life?'He spoke very eamestly to tbe people, andexhorted tbem to be more faUhful. 'Youthink that your plantations, crowds ofpigs and money, wiU belp you to get toHeaven, that tbey wiU open tbe door forNeivs of the Churches. 275you. It is a big mistake. Unless yougive your bearts, and every bit of them, toJesus, you won't get there. The road tobell is easy, it is big enough for all yourgoods, and you will notice that there is nokey mentioned for the door of heU, tbedoor is loose. I warn you tbat unless youbecorae better, and give your wbole beartsto Jesus, and give up tbese earthly tbings,you cannol get into the narrow road forHeaven. We are all worshipping bere today.Looking at us no one can tell wbothe real worshippers are. The outwardsigns are all mucb alike. But when theharvest day comes, we shall be like thewheat and the tares. And what became ofthe tares ? Tbey were burned in the fire.Friends, if you don't take beed in tiraeyou will be too late. Your bearts are toofull of earthly things, and unless you putthera out of your hearts, you cannot giveyour hearts to Jesus. He wants the wboleof thera.'' Then be told thera a story aboutfour boats out fishing. 'It was a beautifulcalm day, but suddenly those on tbesbore saw a storm coming, and they blewthe shell for tbe boats to return. Threegave beed to the signal and came in. Thepeople in the fourth boat said, "Oh, thereis plenty of time, and the flsh are bitingso well now, we will wait a little longer."By the time tbey had decided to come intbe storm bad burst and it was too late.Next morning bits of broken boat werefound along the reef. The crew bad aUperished in tbe night.' So lavis besoughtthe people to turn before il was too late.He closed by rerainding thera that tbetirae was now near -when their Misi wouldleave thera, and tbat tbeir hearts were aUsore. 'But,' be said, 'let us show our loveto our Misi by being better Christians.Don't let us be like tbe Israelites who feUaway so often, but let us worship Godstrong, and let us take the right road.And if we cannot see our Misi again on

276 News of the Churches.this earlh, we sball all meet before the faceof God.' -Lomai closed with a beautifulprayer."In a letter from Eev. David Crorabie, anew raissionary,in which be gives QuarterlyJottings an account of the voyagefrom Sydney, are many incidents that willinterest our readers:Monday morning (April 7, 1903) sawus at anchor under tbe lee of NorfolkIsland. The island bas a populalion ofabout 600, the descendants of the mutineersof the "Bounty." It was flrst a convictsettleraent, afterward the ancestorsof the present populalion were transferredtbere frora Pitcairn Island. The landingis difficult, but with a crew of NorfolkIslanders there is not much to fear. Fromthe island have corae the horses and catlleused in the New Hebrides. The peopleare very hospitable and kindly. My wifeand I, during a stay of two days tbere,experienced it. I had also tbe privilege ofleading a meeting in the Wesleyan Cbapei,and was irresistibly reminded by the siraplefaith and Christian charity of theleading raen whora I raet,of the flne typeof character one raeets with in Christianeongregations in rural districts at horae.There is no public house on the island andno crime, wbieh affords a practical exampleof the beneficial results of prohibition.Hitherto the island has been secludedfrora the ouler world, but now a relaycable station has been placed there,establishing coraraunication with the endsof the earth. Sorae of the Norfolk Islandersdo not half like this breaking downof tbeir isolation, dreading its effects upontheir siraple living and Christian life.In this delightful island, which naiurehas so bountifully endowed, the Melan-;esian Mission has ils headquarters. Ip theMission chapel are many meraorials ofBishops Selwyn and Pattison.Monday, April 14, saw our arrival atAneityura, tbe first island of the NewHebrides lo welcome ns. Opportunitywas given us to go ashore at Aname.The Mission station was vacant, br.Gunn, the missionary, being at Futuna,but a hearty welcorae was given us byEpeteneto, the native pastor. The nativesappeared very bappy. Tbey were a newstudy lo us, their faces, their dresses, theirdwellings. Wben one saw the grass skirtswhich tbe native ladies wore, one felt noone need lack for clothing.II was charraing to see the interest Dr.Paton took in his black friends, askingafter the welfare of one and another, hisheart overflowing in love for tbem. Withhim I visited the site of Dr. Inglis' houseand ehurch, now in ruins. Wben Dr.Inglis and Dr. Geddie labored on theisland, the population was over threethousand, now it is only about four hundred.The uncertainly of the future ofour labor for Christ was tbus broughtforcibly home.But the grandeur of the work accomplishedwill ever reraain.From Aneityum lo Futuna is not agreat disiance, but our ship put into thelime as mucb rolling as she could possiblydo. Tbe Eev. Dr. Gunn, bis wife andchildren, came off to welcome us. What aspiritual reformation he bas seen on theisland. Nineteen years ago wholly heathen,now almost Cbristian, only a sraall sectionholding out against the "worship."Frora Futuna we set our course forTanna. "Dark Tanna," the stronghold ofheathenism, wbich bas rejected theSaviour so long.We arrived at Lenakel at nigbt. Aswe sat on tbe deck we beard that Lomaiwas in Mr. Worthington's boat wbieh badjust come alongside. Tbe readers of Jottingsall know Lomai, the Rev. FrankPaton's faitbful friend and helper. His

eyes shone as he greeted "Misi" Paton.What rejoicing there was among the Christianswhen we visited the mission stationnext morning. Our visit was an early one,for the steamer was sailing al 8. But thehard work done could be easily seen. Aroad raade up to tbe house, the groundcleared, the fencing around the station.But greatest work of all, the transformationin the people. One bad only to gazeupon the features lo disiinguish who wereChristians and who heathen. Such a greatchange does the gospel effecl. Truly, thelabor and pains of the past six years hasnot been in vain.At Aniwa we parted from Dr. and Mrs.Paton. No one could bul adraire thebravery of botb, going back to the islandon whicb tbey bad labored so long, notknowing the changes they would flnd. Ourlast glirapse of the old raissionarywas tosee hira sealed on tbe trunk of a tree, thepeople around bim listening to his words.The shepherd once more among bis flock.AT HOMEAllegheny, Pa.—At the Junior Eallyof the Fifteenth (First Biennial) SlateConvention of Pennsylvania Christian EndeavorUnion, beld Thursday afternoon,July 10, the Counly Banner was presentedto the Juniors of Faith Chapel of CentralAllegheny congregation for having alltheir members, thirty-one in nuraber,preseni. Tbe Society was organized aboutseven years ago by ilrs. A. J. McFarland,of Kansas City, Mo., who was superintendentfor several years. Miss TillieLarapus and Miss Ernestine Orth havehad cbarge since the resignation of Mrs.McFarland.News of the Churches. 211Committee.The session of the Reforraed PresbyterianTheological Seminary for 1902-3wUl be opened on Tuesday evening, September16, 1902, with a lecture by ProfessorR. ,L George.Chicago, III.—According to the appointmentof Iowa Presbytery, the comraissionconsisting of Revs. C. D. TrurabuU,D.D., and Flugh McCarroll, withElders McCandless and Wylie, of Chicago,and J. B. Dodds, of Wyman, met in ChicagoJune 18 to ordain and instaU LicentiateEobert Clarke as pastor of the ChicagoE. P. congregation. There were alsopresent Eev. J. M. Littlejohn, D.D., Eev.W. J. Sanderson, and Elder Cunningham,of ilorning Sun congregaiion, whowere asked to sit as consultative merabersand also to take part in the ordinaiionserviees. After the trial pieces and examinations,wbicb were all heartily sustained,Hugh McCarroll preached the ordinationserraon frora Acts 11:24. Dr. TrurabuUread the edict and propounded the queries,and Mr. McCarroll led in the ordinaiionprayer. Dr. Littlejohn gave the chargeto the pastor, and to an elder who hadbeen ordained by the session, and Mr.Sanderson addressed the congregation.Tbe service was one of interest and feelingsince Mr. Clarke had labored there ayear. The congregation desired differenttiraes to eall hira, but he had restrainedthera from doing so on account of his appoinlraentto a foreign field. When il wasdecided that he should not go to the foreignwork, the Chicago congregation atonce called hira to be their pastor.Both pastor and people are to be congratulated,and it is to be hoped that thecongregation will soon have a house ofworship where they will not be disturbedby those not in syrapathy M'ith our work.Eev. Eobert Clarke will spend the suraraerin Ireland witb his aged parents.Eev. W. J. Sanderson, who is taking•special work in the Chicago University,wdll supply the pulpit during bis stay.

278 News of the Churches.Among tbe special duties devolvingupon the Moderator, Dr. TrumbuU, wboalso acted as Moderator of tbe Session,were ordaining and installing Mr. JohnBrodie as a ruling elder, tbe receiving ofMiss Johnston into tbe merabership onprofession of faitb, and the baptizing ofthis excellent young Christian, togetherwith that of a cbild of Dr. Littlejohn.H. McC.New Concord, 0.—Eeport of tbe L.M. Society of the E. P. Cburch, New Concord,0.: During the year we have heldtwelve regular raeetings,at one of whicbwe spent tbe day sewing for the IndianMission. With a very few exceptions ourmeetings bave been well attended, interesting,and, we trust, profitable. The devotionalexercises bave been very helpful.Witb the help of tbe Junior Society, a boxof clothing was sent to tbe Indian Mission.Interesting letters bave been receivedfrom sorae of our workers in the fleld.Selections bave been read on raissions andmission work. We know tbal we havecome far sbort of our duty, but hope wehave been enabled to do something in theMaster's vineyard, and look to God for Hisblessing on wbat we have done. Ourprayer is that we may have more of -Hisspirit to go forward in the work of thecoraing year, reraerabering tbat He hassaid, "Not by might, nor by power, but byMy Spirit!';Miss Mart Stewart, President.Sadie Speer, Secretary.Eeport of Treasurer:Receipts:Brought forward $ -55Fees 34.55Donations 17.35$42.35Disbursements:Indian Mission 33.50Contingent Fund 4.35Syrian Mission 5.00Congregation 10.00$41.85Balance in treasury 50.$43.35Mrs. Margaret Wtlie, Treasurer.The English Church Missionary Society.—The Annual Review ofthis Societyabounds in incidents of great interest. The total receipts of the Society amounted to$1,6:55,000, exceeding the receipts ofthe previous year by $67,500, and larger thanthe regular receipts of any previous year. Nevertheless the deficit, with that whichhad previously accrued, amounts to $138,000. The number added to the missionarystaff the past year is 70, making the present number of missionaries 942, or adding 365wives, the total is 1,305. Ofthis number 64 are qualified physicians, of whom 14 arewomen. The medical missionary auxiliary ofthe Church Missionary Society now raisesabout $80,000 annually for its growing medical work. The report of the adult convertsof the year is not complete, but there are indications that the number will exceed11,000. Uganda stands flrstwith 4,067 adult baptisms. The two Englishbishops connected wilh the,Churcb Missionary Society have witnessed within tenyears extraordinary results in the districts over which they preside. During thisperiod Bishop Tucker, in Uganda, has confirmed 7,580, and Bishop Hodges, inTravancore, almost exactly the same number, 7,461.—London Chronicle.It is not presumption to dare to believe, but to dare to doubt.—Selected.

Monographs.279MONOGRAPHS.GREAT HEART LOMAI.—The following story is told by Rev.Frank Paton, M. A., B. D., of Tanna, NewHebrides, in Lenakel News, No. 35, publishedin Quarterly Jottings for July,1903.—and said, "This is no time for talking.This is a day for action in God's name;let us go alone." And away they wentacross tbe gullies into tbe enemy's country.A group of armed worshippers metthera at one point, and proposed to gowitb thera. "Put away those guns," saidJust at dawn (end of January, 1903) Loraai. "We are afraid to go withouttwo women arrived at Lenakel from the lhem," was the answer. "Tben go backfar south. -They bad traveled all nigbt home," said Lomai, "for we go in God'sthrough an enemy's country, and were name, and' nol a worshipper shall take hisovercome with weariness and sorrow. gun this day." The lads returned asbamedTheir tribe was in dire distress. A and yet afraid, for Lomai, spoke witb authority..day or two before, Kaukare, a great flghtingchief, and the busband of one of tbewomen, led an expedition against his enemies.He shot one of tbem dead, and wasreturning in high spirits wben be suddenlyWben lhey got righl into the enemy'seountry Lomai's watchful eyes detectedsigns of fear among his followers. "Stop,"he called out, "I see trembling amongcame face to face wilb his mortal foe. He you. Let us worship God, and He willhad no time to fire,but received the bullet take away all our fears and lift up ourof his enemy witb a laugb and then fell hearts." They tben sang a hymn anddown dead. The next day one of his leadingfollowers was killed and afterwardeaten. The tribe and their allies were nowliving in hiding, and were weak for wantlavis prayed and "all their fears vanished.After a long marcb tbey carae on thefirst of three tribes. They were living ina small enclosure, hungry and thirsty, andof food. Tbe two women stole tbrough ready to die with fear and despair. Lomaithe enemy's country in tbe night to beg said, "We bave come in God's name tofor help from the Christian party, as all save you. Come away witb us at once."their heathen friends had failed tbem. He left a party to help them to get ready,Lomai came up to me to see what could be and then went on to the other tribes. Theredone. He snggested calling for volunteers also he found the same distress, butand going to bring over the three tribes their counsels were divided. Some wantedto Lenakel. I heartily approved of this to delay for a day or two. But Lomaiplan, and he and lavis at once set out -witha large party of worshippers.said, "Tbis is your last chance. God hassent you deliverabce this day. Come nowThey had to pass through the heathen and you live; stay and you die." Thissection of lavis' tribe. The heathen be- decided tbe day, and tbey went witb''sougbt them not to venture on so dangerousLomai. The tbird tribe gave him morean expedition, and wben they couldnot dissuade them, tbey advised tbem towait till they could gather a large forcetrouble, but Lomai warned them that tbe |roads would be better watched next day,and that it would be irapossible tben toof armed men. lavis was about to escape.harangue his tribe, wben Lomai stood up At last the homeward march began. The

280 Monographs.lame, blind, aged and inflrm bad to becarried along roads that lax tbe strengthof the strong. Lomai had a baby in onearm, and with bis olber be belped an oldwoman wbo was bent nearly double withage. All bad loads of some kind. Therescued people were in great terror lestthe enemy should come upon tbem, andwben tbey suddenly beard guns bangingin front of them, they would have boltedhad not Loraai stayed tbeir panic. "Don'tbe afraid," be said, "God bas sent us today,and we are safe in His keeping. Itis salvation and not deatb that has cometo you tbis day." And God caused theenemy lo turn back just before they cameup to wbere Lomai and bis party, crossedtbeir track. It was a great deliverance,and so manifestly was it of God tbat tbeheathen said to Lomai and lavis, "Ourword is flnished. We have no, other chiefsnow but you two. The Worship bas donewbat our guns were weak to do. Yourword is trae, and there is no strength inus."It was dark when Lomai and lavis gotback, and lhey were wearied witb theirexertions. Butitheir hearts were uplifted,and tbeir faith was greatly strengthened,for they had seen God's arm stretched outto save. •The next raorning Lomai heard withdeep indignation that a woman had beenlefl behind by her friends because she wastoo old lo walk. Her younger sister hadseen her lying araong the reeds and saidto her, "My sister, I raust go and I cannotITike you with rae,for the road is longand I am in great fear." And the oldworaan had answered, "My sisler, go.Save yourself, and leave rae to die, for Iara old." Loraai's wrath was kindled bysuch a heartless tale, and he said, "Whatdid you bring on your back? Slicks andrubbish that will rot away. 'And yet youleft a woraan who can never die! Tell mewhere you have left her, and I will goback for her." Tbey described tbe place,and lavis and Lomai, tbough dead beatagain sel out with a rescue party. Tbeyraade a visit flrst to the e,nemy as ambassadorsfor peace, and the warriorsagreed to bave a great talk next day andsend word as to tbe result. lavis' legsrefused lo carry bim any further, andLomai and Nilua went on to' find theworaan. After sorae searcbing they foundthe old woman almost dead. At firstshecould not speak, but by bending his earclose lo her mouth, Loraai could just catchthe words, "Water, 1 am dying." A cocoanutrevived her a little, and Lomai cut arude streteher with one of the axes thathad been flung aside on the flight of theprevious day. With no little toil theybrought the old woman horae, arrivinglong after dark.The next day was spent by bolh sidesin talk, and in tbe evening Lomai beardwith horror tbat a second old woraan hadbeen left lo die in a house. Neither he norlavis could do any raore walking, theywere so sOre and bruised frora their heroicexerlions of the previous three days. Sowe called for volunteers araong our youngerteachers. Tbere was a heariy response,and they set out al once. Next morningthey came to the village and found theeneray in possession. They looked threateninglyat tbe worshippers, bul offered noviolence. They had dug up Kaukare'sbody in their savage fury, and torn thegrave raats from il. Tbe worshippers|calmly reburied the body and asked theheathen to leave it in .peace. They thenlooked for the old woraan. Her housewas smashed in, and a pool of fresh bloodwas before the door, bul they could seenothing of the woraan. They questionedthe heathen, but they denied all knowledgeof ber. Our people believed tbat sbe hadbeen foully murdered, bul we afterward

found out tbal tbe old woraan bad escaped,and she is now safe and well. Our parly,having done all tbey could, now relurned.They told me that "Satan looked out atthe eyes of the heathen." Wbat speciallypleased rae about this tbird expedition wasthat it was carried out by our younger raenwithout any of the older leaders, and yelthey showed the sarae brave faith that wehave learned to look for in the older raen.The next niorning the eneray declaredpeace, and the fighting has now come loan end. Once more, Ihrough the infiuenceof the Worship, there is peacethroughout our entire districi.BLIND GIRLS IN CHINA.—Tbe following address of Mrs. WellingtonWhile is republished by requestfrom tbe Report of the Ecumenical MissionaryConference, Vol. IT, p. 242.—In Canton, twenty years ago, there wasnot the slightest work being done for theblind.I caimot explain to you whal the life ofblind girls in China really is. Tbe veryevening of the day Lianded in Cbina, Mrs.Hopper took me lo tbe front veranda, andas we stood there we counted sixteen processionsof blind girls as they walkedthrough that slreel. An old woraan witheyes that could see walked in front playingon sorae kind of a stringed instrumentand behind ber walked twelve orfourteen girls, each one with her bands onthe shoulders of the one in front of her.They were prettily dressed. Oh, Satan alwaysmakes everything so beautiful. Theirfaces were painted, their hair prettilydressed, the garments were pretty and ofcourse everything was done to raake therabeautiful. But wben you looked carefullyyou saw tbey were stone blind. Tbat oldwitch walking in front owned tbose girlsbody and soul, and walked tbe streets ofCanton playing on that instruraent to callMonographs. 281the attention of people to this party ofgirls, and she left thera one here and onethere, and one soraewhere else, wheneverlhey were called on, to a night of iraraorality.And I said to Mrs. Hopper:"What is done for them?" "Nothing,"she said.Two years after that God sent MaryNiles to Canton. God used that womanphysician to start a borae for those blindgirls. Thank God, I stand bere to-day lolell you tbat tbe story of twenty years agocannot be repealed so readily in tbe streetsof Canton. In 1891 Dr. Mary Niles wascalled into a Viceroy's faraily, and thereher medical skill made ber the raeans ofsaving the life of one of the wives of theViceroy of Canton. And after a while aservant of the Viceroy carae to Dr. Nilesand said: "The Viceroy bas told rae toask you whether there was anything becould do to belp your work." She answered,as quick as a flash, "Yes, lake thislittle book lo the Viceroy and to tbe highofficials and get rae sorae money to start ahome for blind girls." Tbe Viceroy's raantook tbal book away, and be it said to thehonor of those heathen raen wbo understoodthe life of a blind girl as you peopledo not, in just one week's tirae they senther one thousand dollars to start her borae.Dr. Mary Niles is using the Brailleraethod in teaching these girls to read andwrite in Chinese with their own littlefingers. So these little girls are printing,you raay call it, their own Bibles by embossingon tbe paper the poinis of theBraille systera. Now you see what is goingto be done with those girls. Sorae oflhem are being supported by our denominationand sorae by anoiher in Araerica,and in Germany and in England.When blind children of the rich are receivedinto the home, it will be safe lo lelthem retum to their parents after studyingat the school. Tben eacb of the blind

282 Monographs.girls will carry the gospel of our Lord andSaviour lo tbose heathen homes, wberepossibly none of tbe missionaries couldenter in and tell thera about Christ.One olber tbing about what is to bedone wilh thera. If lhey do not go back torich horaes—that is, if tbey have beensaved from a life of ill-fame—^they willbe used by our lady physicians and Biblewomenworking in the hospital. We baveworaen's wards in the hospital, and theycan be used as Bible-woraen to read tbeWord of God lo the sick woraen and gofrom bedside lo bedside in the women'shospital.In a letter dated June 12, 1902, MissTorrence, of Tak Hing Chau writes:Only last Sabbath a little girl wasbroughl here- to have her eyes exarainedby Dr. George. It was a hopeless case, andMr. Eobb told thera of Dr. Niles' schoohbul they said they would have to take herhorae again, because sbe was engaged tobe raarried. The girl was only seven yearsold.THB KWANG-SI EEBELLION.Tbe Viceroy has received dispatchesfrom the Lieutenant-General in Kwang-Si, giving a detailed account of the operationsagainst tbe rebels, which have provedmosl successful—if we can trust the report.Last month, an expedition was sentlo attack a lol of robber villages at a placecalled Jink TSz. A very large nuraber ofthe rebels were killed. Two of the leadersand eight of the rebels were taken alive,and a considerable quantity of arras andararaunition fell into the hands of thetroops. The rebels, or what was lefl ofthera, fledlo tbe Shing Tai Shan (raountains),their original stronghold. In bisdispatch,- the Lieutenant-General remarksthat he saw, unless the rebels were drivenfrom the mountains, wbere they had lakenrefuge, tbe sarae trouble would be liable tobreak out at any time. He deterrained,tberefore, to send an expedition inlo thehills. This was on the 19tb of tbe fourthmoon, just tbree weeks ago. Tbe attackingforce was a sirong one, and wasdivided into four parts. The moveraentbegan on tbe raorning of May 33, andcontinued till noon on the 23d. Therebels fought desperately, bul were beatenat every point. The troops captured thestronghold, wbich contained over one bun-.dred rifles and several thousand catties ofgunpowder, and nineteen of the rebel flagsalso fell inlo tbe hands of the soldiers.The Chinese characters on these flagsmeant that the rebels believed tbat theywere answering the will of Heaven in thisraoveraent. But the raost imporlant captureof all was that of the man wbo is supposedto be tbe chief leader in the rebellion,by name Li. One hundred and twentyof the rebels were also laken alive. Thelosses of the rebels in this figbt were veryheavy, and araount to sorae hundreds. Tbeloss of the Government troops was onlyslight. It is said six killed and twentywounded.Assuraing tbat we are correctly inforraedthis appears to be the end of thisuprising. But as inforraation raucb lothe sarae effecl as the above bas been circulatedbefore, it will be well to wait alittle tirae to test ils trutb.Canton, June 12, 1902.THEY LIVE BY FAITH.The "China Inland Mission is the mostremarkable missionary organization in theworld. It was founded in 1865 by Rev.J. Hudson Taylor. It is pan-denominational,international, and evangelical; butits most distinctive feature is the fact tbatthe missionaries bave no guaranteed salary,but trust in tbe Lord to supply tbeirneeds. It is one of tbe iron-clad rules of

the organization that no missionary orofficial shall make a public or private appealfor funds. Tbe only appeals are loGod's tbrone in prayer, tbat He will touchthe hearls of Christians and lead them tovoluntarily contribute funds.The work was begun in a quiet way, buthas grown rapidly, especially during thelast fifteenyears, until tbere are now 800missionaries scattered throughout the inlandprovinces of China, proclaiming thegood news of salvation.Dr. Taylor, though be has been a missionaryfor forty-nine years, is still atwork in China leading and directing tbegospel campaign.Wben I once asked him whal were hisduties as bead of tbe raoveraent, be said:"I ara tbe general director, or betier tbe'Father of tbe family.' Part of the time Itravel about in Cbina visiting the variousstations, conferring and advising withthe workers. Part of the tirae I spend atour business headquarters in Shanghai,conferring wilh the director for China,and also with the superintendenls' of theprovinces wbo meet there for quarterlycouncils. Tben a part of the time I spendinspecting and encouraging the roots ofour missionary tree, which are scatteredthroughout Christendom."Dr. Taylor's,son. Dr. F. Howard Taylor,and his consecrated and brilliant wife,are now in America in the interests of tbeMission, delivering addresses and securingvolunteers for the fleldin Cbina.During tbeir reeent stay in Cbicago arepresentative of the Ram's Horn calledupon Dr. Taylor and asked him for one ortwo of the most remarkable answers toprayer in connection with this faitb-sup-, ported mission.He willingly gave the following examplesof direct answer to prayer."In tbe year 1887 -the Cbina InlandMission bad one hundred missionaries inMonographs. 283the fleld. At the close of the year tbedirectors in Shanghai found that tbemoney to support tbe one hundred missionarieshad come in in sucb sraallamounis that it had necessitated an exceptionallylarge araount of clerical workto acknowledge thera."At the same tirae lhey received wordthat six hundred persons had volunteeredto become China Inland missionaries inAraerica and England, and out of theseone hundred had been ehosen lo set forlhfor China."But the treasury was empty, there beingbarely enougb contributions tomeagerly support the missionaries alreadyin the field."Hence tbe coraraittee look a bold step.Tbey asked God for two things: First,that He would send thera $50,000, inorder that the new workers raight be sentout; and, second, lhal He would send theamount in large sums so as to save somuch clerical work."WeU, what was the result? Was Godoffended by their boldness? The outcoraewas this: Not $50,000 carae in—for Goddoes not always answer exactly as we ask—^but $55,000; and bow raany receipts didtbey have to send out, do you tbink ? Justeleven—the smallest being $2,500 and thelargest $12,500."So the one hundred missionaries in thefield were cared for; the one hundred newworkers were sent forlh; and a direclproof was given that our Father is aprayer-hearing God."Two years ago we were about to holdthe, annual meeting of tbe China InlandMission in London. There happened lobe about forly missionaries of tbe societyat bome on furlough and lhey came downto London to attend the meeting. Theday before the one set for the public meetingthese forty gathered in a room to bolda prelirainary prayer meeting.

284"Wben we were ready to begin tbe prayerserviceftthe secretary of the society aroseyoung man a. check, saying: 'Yesterday Iwas looking over "China's Millions" andand said: 'Brethren and sisters, seeing discovered that your receipts for the lasttbere is no outsider present, I will make astalement concerning the flnances of ourthree months bave been $35,000 less thanthey sbould he. I am sorry and hope thatMission. For the last three montbs the will help.'offerings have not been sufficient to support"Tbe junior secretary looked at theall our 800 niissionaries. There is a check and found it was for $35,000. Nowfalling pff of $35,000 below the sum requiredto continue our work in its preseniscope. I speak of this to-day in order thatwe may lay the raatterbefore the Lord inprayer.'to show how directly was tbe answer toprayer, let me state that we discovered theman bad read 'China's Millions' and writtenthe check at the same time pur prayermeeiing of the day previous was in progress."As be flnishedspeaking a shadow seeraedYet be was 300 miles away andto fall upon the corapany for an instant knew nothing of our holding sucb a raeeting.and no one prayed—but it was only for aDuring tbe night be bad come tomoment and then, a lady arose and said- tbat she wanted to praise the Lord for Hiswonderful goodness in providing moneyfor the conduct of the China Inland Missionfpr thirty-flve years, and tbal she didnot feel the least anxious now."Another then arose and also thankedGod for His marvelous goodness in theLondon just to attend our public meetingand give us the money."The only way to get tbe Chinaman outof the rut of centuries," said Dr. Taylor,"is to make bim a Chrislian. Tbe Christianreligion eventually will prevail tbere,and then the native industry, perseverance,and abilily will have an opporlunity topast, and still anoiher, unlil the raeeting, develop unhampered. Then we will haveinstead of being one of gloora, becarae oneof glorious praise and thankfulness."At the close of the meeting some oneasked tbe secretary whether he would mentiontbe deflcit in the public raeeting onthe following day, and he answered that bewould nol, as that would seem like an appealfor funds—which is contrary to tbeprinciples of the organization."The raeeting in the great Exeter Hallwas beld at the appointed hour tbe nexta new world's power—a power, bowever,that will work only for good. The Chineseare a great people, and wben their greatnessis switched into the right channel itwill be a world influence."Dr. Taylor said tbat there is a membershipin tbe Protestant ehurches in Chinaat preseni of al least.350,000, and that theincrease during the last ten years has beenten per cent, annually.—Geo. T. B. Davisin Ram's Horn.day. Shortly after il opened the juniorsecretary saw a gentleman from tbe northof Bngland, who was an old friend of thesociety, sitting in tbe rear part of the auditoriumand went baclc to invite him tocorae up and take a seal on the platformwhere it was less crowded."Tbe gentleraan said he would not dothat as he could not stay until the meetingNOVELTIES IN CHUECH ENTEE-TAINMENT.The prediction lately made by a ministerin one of tbe Western cities—Chicago,we believe—to tbe effect tbat the only wayin which jt would soon be possible to mainlainan interest in churcb work would beby means of "tbe continuous vaudeville,"was over. However, he banded the startled a great many conservativechurcb-

goers, and possibly shocked some of them.H(5wever, the stream of tendency seems tohave set rather strongly in tbe directionof a fulfiUment of this prophecy. Billiards,ping-pong, hops, amateur tbeatricals, secularconcerts, legerdemain, charadfes, sociables,fairs, suppers primarily for purposesof revenue, music pf doubtful sacredness—ifthere is a dividing line betweenthe sacred and secular in music; all ofthese have come to be recognized as adjunctsof more or less value in ehurehwork. The underlying idea seems lo beto make the chnrch an attractive soeialclub, and tbus bring witbin its sphere ofinfluence many wbo value a cburcb connectionat the outset chiefly for tbe socialopportunities it offers. It would be difficpltto find a serious objeclion to tbis viewof so mucb of tbe work of a cburcb asmay properly be considered secular. Theremay be a line wbicb it would be dangerousto cross, but wbere it lies would probablybe as difficult to deflne as is tbe Alaskahoundary.Perhaps tbe same is true of "stunts" or"turns" introduced to give tbe interest ofvariety to Sabbatb devotions. For example,engaging an attractive "young womanin a pure wbite dress nineteen years old"to whistle > solos, as is said to bave beendone by tbe pastor, or music committee,or botb acting in tbe harmonious conjunctionwhich sbould characterize all churchdoings, of one of our New York churches,startles the old-fashioned churchgoer byits novelty. In tbe last analysis, bowever,there would seem to be no essential differencebetween breath from sound lungsoozing through pretty puckered lips and•wind from a bellows of wood and leatherhissing through tbe reeds of a pipe organin the bank controlled by tbe piccolo stop.We are used to the cornet, as our forefatherswere to the bass viol. We haveUstened witb equanimity to operatic primaMonographs. 285donne rendering selections wbich bave inspiredvery lofty emotions wben for tbeerotic wailings of tbe Italian libtetto weresubstituted modem hymns with sorae pretensionsto poetic excellence. We bavelearned to marcb up tbe aisle and undulatesidewise into our pews lo tbe solemn minorcadences of one of Thielraann's or Jadassohn'spreludes, and waltz out again wben,as the blast sentries on the subway say, it's"All over,"' to tbe "Soldiers' Marcb" in"Faust," played with ragtime varialioiis,or choice selections from "El Capitan" orone of the Offenbach classics. No doubtwben whistling girls dressed as above described,rendering "Traumerei" or "TbeMocking Bird," are tbe usual tbing, wesball take thera as a raatterof course andwonder why any one should be so narrowin his or ber conventional prejudices as toquestion their erainent fltnessas adjunctsto devotion. True, girls will have to learnto whistle a good deal betier tban any webave beard try are able to do, to be entirelyagreeable as entertainers, but tbat is besidethe point. We bave beard allegedsingers of wbom the kindest tbing wbicbcould be said was that they had mistakentbeir vocation, but, in the expressive vernacularof the day, singing "goes" inchurch, even when feeble and uncertain asto intervals. For tbe same reason whistlingmay when we are used to it. It is, afteraU, only another step toward wbat basbeen pronounced inevitable—worship bymeans of tbe continuous vaudeville.—Bditorial in New York Times,July 15, 1902.THE OLD PSALMS.There's lots of music in the Psalms, thePsalms of long ago,And when tbe minister reads out someone I used to knowI want to join witb all tbe rest wbo swelltbe note of praise.

286 Monographs."All lands to God in joyful sounds aloftyour voices raise."WHAT CAN ONB MAN DO? .We live in days of societies, corporationsand associations'; and in the mul­There's lots of music in tbe Psalms, thosedear, sweet Psalms of old.With visions bright, of lands of ligbt, andtiplicity of such organizations, the powerand responsibility of tbe individual areshining streets of gold; 'largely overlooked. And wben any goodI hear them ringing, singing still, inmemory soft and clear,"Sucb pity as a father bath unto his childrendear.''work needs to be done, instead of goingand doing it, people organize a society,witb a consiitution, by-laws, and a formidableboard of officers and directors, andthen appoint one or two men to conductTbey seem lo sing for everraore of better, the business and accomplish the work;sweeter days.When the lilies of the love of God blooraedwhite in all the ways;And still I bear' the soleran strains in tbequaint old meeiing flow,"0 greally blessed the people are the joyfulsound that know."And so I love tbe dear old Psalms, andwben my tirae shall come.Before tbe light bas left my eyes, and mysinging lips are dumb.If I can only hear them tben I'll gladlysoar away—"So pants my longing souh 0 God, thatcome to Thee I may."—Si. John Telegraph.soraetiraes with the best results, sometiraeswith the worst, and soraetimes with no resultsat all.It is not good for men to lose sigbt oftheir individual responsibility. Wben theMaster comes to reward His servants. Hewill reckon with them one by one. Tbeywill not come up in "boards," witb a secretaryto report for tbem; nor in "so­No singing-books we needed then, for verywell we knewThe tunes and words we loved so well tbedear old Psalm Book through;cieties," wilb a corapany of trustees ordirectors to make a statement on their behalf;but "every man sball give accountTo "Coleshill" al the Sacraraent we sangas tears would faU,"I'll of salvation take tbe cup, on God'snarae will I call."of himself to God." Tbe man who supposedbis duly performed wben he badjoined a society and contributed to itsfunds, may flnd at the end tbat his workstill' reraains undone and tbat tbe contributionshe has made will not be acceptedin lieu of personal service in the Master'svlnevard.—Parish Visitor.It is the demands, not the promises,that make men of us ; the responsibUirlies, not the enjoyments, that raise us tothe stature of raen and woraen.—P T. Forsythe,'D.D.Even in the Dark Continent the world moves. Por it is a scant 25 years sinceStanley appeared on the Lower Congo, after a year's perUs lo reacb the coast, andnow there reaches our table an account of a conference of missionaries held atLeopoldville, January 19th, representing 4 American and 3 European societies 200ofthem coming from 50 stations, and able to teU of 6,000 native Christians withhundreds of schools, and aU that \—Northwestern Christian Advocate

Editorial Notes. 287EDITORIALNOTES.—Olive Trees requests its readers toexamine tbe dates to wbich their subscriptionsare paid and remit renewals, nowlong overdue, that there may be no arrearagesat the close of the current year. Tbeprice is only 50 cents a year. AddressE. M. Sommerville,337 W. 56tb St.,New York.tbat He will thrust forth laborers into Hisharvesti" The exalted Saviour longs tosee the fruit of His atoning work in the—Subseribers wbo receive Olive Trees complete salvation of a redeemed world,every montb and are in arrears for morethan two years, must have a most peculiarbut many of His professed foUowers apparentlyhave scant sympathy wilh Himidea of Christian integrity. They seem in that wondrous passion for souls thatto forget that, in the divine estimate of . brought Him to ea^th and carried Him tomoral obligation, there is no difference the cross of Calvary.between great and small. The Shorter O for more of that constraining love ofCatechism, wbich Covenanter parents arcisupposed to teacb their children, containsa very clear definition of wbat is requiredChrist, that '' we who live sbould nothenceforth live unto ourselves, but untoHim who died for us and rose again."and forbidden in tbe Fligbtb Commandment.And tbe Lord says, "He that isfaitbful in tbat wbich is least is faithfulalso in much; and be tbat is unjustin tbe least is unjust also in much." Manychapters in the New Testament furnisbvery profltable reading on tbis subject.—No response has yet been received tothe caU of the Board of Foreign Missionsfor two ordained ministers, one forMersina and anotber for Cyprus. Thisseems to indicate either a great lack oflaborers at home or a failure to realizethe claims of the foreign fleld. It ismatter of gratitude, however, that no onehas allowed himself to be influenced bythe caU of the Churcb, who does not feelthe importance of the missionairy service.Both Mersina and Cyprus can wait tiUmen, under pressure of tbe divine call,shall consecrate their whole being to thepreaching of the gospel in those needyyet promising fields. Their labors Hewill own and bless. Our Sovereign Lordwbo has been entrusted wilh '' power overall flesh " that He may give eternal life toas many as have been given Him, says :"Pray ye therefore "—in view of existingdestitution—" the Lord of the harvest—In July, 1903, Mrs. S. J. Wolfe, ofLancaster, 0., sent us a draft on NewYork for one thousand dollars ($1,000)from "a generous friend of missions,"who wisbes her name withheld, to be usedby Eev. Jobn G. Paton, D.D., in his workin tbe New Hebrides. This money, withseventy-seven dollars contributed at differenttimes through Mr. Wm. R. Moody, ofEast Nortbfleld, Mass., will be forwardedto Dr. Paton at an early date.—When in Nova Scotia a few weeksago, Mrs. Wm. SommerviUe, of Berwick,banded us flve dollars for the ForeignMissions, and we have passed the moneyon to the Treasurer. We bave sincereceived for the same fund two dollars andfifty cents from Mrs. J. R. Edgar, ofLockwood, Mo.—Eev. Dr. and Mrs. N. R. Johnston spent

288 Editorial Notes.—At the request of the ChristiariStatesman we publish the following appealt'or a day of prayer for schools :An appeal has gone out .widely for theobservance in all bomes, churches andSabbath schools, of the second Lord'sDay in September in each year, as a Dayof Prayer for public and private schools.The movement was begun by the NationalReform Association, and the suggestionhas been endorsed by the ExecutiveCommittee of the Alliance of ReformedChurches, by the PresbyterianGeneral Assembly (North), the GeneralSynod of the Reformed Church (German),?the summer at Topsham, Vermont, wherethey lived and labored during bis earlyministry. In an August letter he says:"Wilj not you or some of your rich Covenantershelp tbe Chinese Christians of theOakland Mission to pay their monthlyehapel rent? I hope so, for they areworthy." At his request we also pubUshthe foUowing extract from the Life ofRev. Dr. Mackenzie, M.D., page282, "asjust what your readers need" :"My hour lo rise in the morning isbalf past six for winter, breakfast at aquarter of eight. At a quarier past eightI conduct a sort of Bible class in the hospitalaraong the patients (those who areable to corae) and tbe dispensers andservants. Tbis lasls for three-quarters ofan hour, and is, of course, in Chinese.Frora balf past 9 till 11 o'clock I studyChinese; at 11 o'clock dispensary workbegins, and here and in the hospital Ispend two hours, until 1 o'clock. Al 1o'clock I take dinner; at 3 prepare raymedical class work; at 3 I take the seniorclass in the medical scbool in raedicineand surgery; al 4 or 4:30 I ara free, andI,try lo get away for a walk, but there isconstantly something coming up lo beattended to—perhaps an operation or a hundred times as manyChinese letter to answer, or sorae case ofdiscipline in the raedicalschool to be dealtwith."and other ecclesiastical bodies. Leadingmen in many churches have secondedthe proposal, among wliom are Mr. John;R. Mott of the Students Christian Federation,the Rev. M. Rhodes, D.D., ofthe Lutheran Church, Bishop Foss oftheMethodist Episcopal Church, Dr. HenryC. Minton, Moderator last year of thePresbyterian General Assembly (North),and Dr. Francis L. Patton, late Presidentof Princeton University.Among the reasons assigned for thisappeal is the magnitude of the moral andspiritual interests involved in the vastwork of education. More than sixteen,]millions of pupils, or one-flfth of thewhole nation, are in the schools, andnearly four hundred tbousand teachers'are employed in the work of instruction.This work is moulding the character anddetermining the destiny of the nation.The Day of E^ayer for Colleges has beenobserved for many years and vrith markedresults for good, but there are almost onepupils in ourschools as there are students in all ourcolleges, universities and technical andprofessional schools combined.The general observance of such a Dayof Prayer will deepen public interest inthe whole work of educatiop, wUl exaltand dignify the vocation of the teacher,will deepen in the mind of both teachersand pupils their sense of the importanceof their work, and will help to call down onthe vast work of education, both publicand private, the blessing of Him who istbe Father of lights and the Hearer ofPrayer.There is no cosmetic for homely folks, like character.—N. D. Hillis.

O L I V E T R E K SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary 'Work in the Refornied PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. OCTOBER, 1902. 10.QUESTIONS OF T H E HOUR.GOD'S WAY OP REDEEMING THEWOELD.Bev. J. M. Foster, Boston, Mass.The Gospels record what our Lord didin laying tbe foundation of man's redemptionin His incarnation, life, deatb andresurrection. Tbe Acts record what Hedid by His Spirit in tbe Cburch, beginningto build upon the foundation. Thegreat principles upon wbicb the work isconducted are embodied in the Church'scommission: "All power in beaven andin earth is given unto Me; go ye thereforeand teach all nations to observe all tbingswhatsoever I have comraanded you. Andye are ray witnesses both in Jerusalera,and in all Judea and Saraaria, and untothe utterraost parts of the earth. Buttarry ye in tbe city of Jerusalera until yebe endued witb power frora on high,after tbat tbe Holy Ghost is corae uponyou."The Church's work in evangelizing theworld depends upon the universal mediatorialdominion of the Lord JesusChrist.Eev. A. B. Brace, D.D., Professor ofTheology in Free Church College, Glasgow,in his book, "The Training of theTwelve," points out that our Lord, in tbechoice He raade, the call He gave, andthe way He taugbt tbe twelve, who werenot men of marked ability with possiblythree exceplions, and one of whom waspossessed of the devil, revealed the wisdomwilh which He exercised His Kinglyauthority. In the training of the impetuous,flcklePeter, mucb had to be forgiven,and this drew Peter to His Master.On the day of Pentecost be is firstto proclaimthe enthronement of the Lord. "Beingexalted by the right hand of power,Cbrist bath shed forth tbis." The Mastervisited Peter in prison, loosed the chainsfrom his hands and feet, opened tbe innerand outer doors of the prison and gavehira liberty. Peter opened the gospel doorto the Jews. "He has been exalted toGod's right hand to give repentance toIsrael and the forgiveness of sins." TbeMaster also prepared Peter, by the visionof the great sheet lel down by the fourcorners frora beaven, full of fourfootedbeasts and creeping tbings, to openthe gospel door to the Gentiles also. Andwben the Holy Ghost fell upon Cornelius'household, Feter was ready to testify inthe Council at Jerusalera that the Gentilesas weU as the Jews were to be saved bygrace. But Peter's Jewish habits were toostrong for bim. At Antioch he discriminatedagainst the Gentile converts, and infavor of Jewish converts. And Paul"wdthstood him to the face, because be wasto blame." Another raust be raised up tocarry tbe gospel to the Gentiles.Stephen, the deacon and evangelist, araan full of the Holy Ghost, was raised upto proclaira the world-wide raissionof the

290 Questions of the Hour.Churcb to the Jewish Sanhedrin at Jerusalem.Centurion who had him in charge. TbeyBut the Couneil gnashed on him were hindered by. headwinds frora thewilh their teeth,- when steadfastly beholding,start, and their progress by tacking aboutthey saw his face as it bad been the was slow. Al Myra they changed vessels,face of an angel. And when lhey led bim entering a raerchant ship of 500 tons, havingout, he saw heaven open and tbe Son of276 persons aboard. The wind in­Man slanding on the right hand of God.The enthroned Master had risen from Histhrone in His interest in His faithful andtrue witness.creased in violence until they reached PairHavens. Here Paul advised to winter. Itwas the season when violent storras arose,after the Jewisb fast. Perhaps be had intiraatiPnA young raan whose narae was Saulfroin God tbat danger was ahead.heard Stephen's testiraony. He had been Butjhe was disregarded, and they weighedgraduated frora the university in Tarsus; anchor. Scarcely bad. they left shelterHe bad been brought up at the feet of when a violent cyclone caught tbem inGaraaliel. He was a raember of tbe Councilits teeth. The vessel could not bear up,and gave his vote against Stephen, andheld the garraents of the young raen whobul scudded before the storm under thelee of Clauda. Here lhey took in the li|eboatstoned Stephen. He was authorized tothey had been towing, apd under-arrest and iraprison Christians. He perscrcuted thera even unto strange cities, beingexceedingly raad againsi them. But Jesusgirded the ship, wrapping it abput -withropes. The next day they threw overboardpart of the cargo, and the third day themet hira before Damascus and demanded furniture and extra ropes and spars. Butunconditional surrender. And he beeame if tbey continued to scud before the stormChrisl's prisoner, the "prisoner of the they would be on the rocks of Northspear point." And be received bis commissionAfrica before forty-eight hours. So theyfrom the Lord to go to the Gen­turned the ship about six points to thetiles. And the fact that he had persecutedwind and allowed her to drift. Duringthe Church was the "thorn in thefiesh," goading hira on to a breakneckthe next eleven days they drifted, at therate of a mile and a balf an bour. In thespeed in his three missionary tours fourteen days tbey would drift about 480through Cyprus, Asia Minor, Macedonia miles, tbe disiance frora Clauda to Malta.and Achaia. During these twenty years During that tiraeneither sun appeared bythere was little lime for refiection and personalday nor stars by night.iraproveraent. So the Masler put "They raount to heaven, then to the depthhira in the prison at Caesarea for twothey dq go down again;years, and two raore years at Rorae. Duringthese years he testified before kingsand governors, converted his guards, ministeredto bis visiting friends, and wroteThey reel and stagger like one drunk, attheir wit's end they be."But God appeared to Paul in a vision,and assured him tbat all on board sbouldletters to the churches, whicb were filled be saved. Then Paul addressed those witbwith the ripe fruits of his comraunion him. He reminded lhem that be badwith God. These two prison periods were warned thera nol lo loose from Crete, becauseinterlarded by a sea voyage and shipwreckon Malta, which was one of bis most valuablethis harm and loss was before tbem.And now he had a raessage of good cheerexperiences. Though a prisoner, he "from God, Whose he was and Whom hehad a firra grip upon the heart of the served" that nol one should be lost. Now

Questions of the Hour. 291all this was intended to teach us the wayin which Jesus exercises His mediatorialdominion in the interests of His Cburch.He prepared Augustine and Calvin tostate the doctrines of His holy Word, andLuther and Knox to advocate them. Heraised up Wesley and Whitefield and Finneyand Moody to awaken a sleepingChurch. He sent Carey to India, Morrisonand McKay to China, Judson to Burmah,Paton to New Hebrides, Livingstoneto Africa, Hamlin to Turkey and Brainardto tbe American Indians. Human societyis compared to the sea. And our Lordhas raised adverse winds and manystorms, so that the ark has been hinderedand rocked and tossed during lall theChristian centuries. The firsttbree centurieswere tbe period of formation, tbenthe Word ran speedily. And in every nationtbose that feared God and wroughtrighteousness were gathered out for a peopleunto Himself. And at length paganismwent down and Christianity ascendedthe throne of the Csesars. But this wasfollowed by ten centuries of deformation.The "dark ages" were almost witbout sunor moon or stars. The billows of persecution,the stormy tempest of wars andrevolutions allowed the people of God norest The Cburch of Rome, the beast withseven heads and len borns, that came upout of the sea, devoured the saints of theMost High.But tbe time for tbe Reformation came.God spake and Luther was. When benailed bis ninety-five theses to the doorof tbe Wittenberg Cathedrah Oct. 31,1517, the Reformation dawned. But deisrain England, infidelity in France andrationalisra in Gerraany hindered tbeOhurch. It is only one hundred yearssince she recognized her responsibilily forpreaching tbe gospel to every creature.^What wonders the reigning Mediator haswrought during that century! The originalgift of tongues is corapensated for inthe raasteryof all the iraportant languagesby the raissionaries and the translation ofall the Bible into 300 of the greatest, usedby 1,200,000,000 of the populalion of theworld, parts of it into 600 languages, leaving1,000 languages used by 300,000,000people withoui tbe Bible. The door ofevery nation under heaven bas been openedto the raissionary. The annual contributionfor raissions reaches $25,000,000.There are 10,000 ordained raissionaries,with 50,000 helpers. Again and again tbeMaster bas sent His Spirit to awaken Hispeople to a sense of tbeir opportunities andobligations. In 1800, again in 1857, andagain in 1875, He revived His work andstimulated tbe relaxed energies of theChurch. Tbe Christian Endeavor moveraentwas the Spirit's effort to awaken theCburcb. But after fifleenyears it is indanger of becoraing only a dress paraderaoveraent. In 1886 "the Students' VolunteerMoveraent" was inaugurated. Tbefourth quadrennial convention was beld inToronto, Canada, Feb. 26 to Marcb 2,1902. Their raottois, "World-wide Evangelizationthe Urgent Business of theCburcb." "The purpose of these gatheringsis lo bring togelher carefully selecteddelegations of students and professorsfrom all important institutions of NortbAmerica, and the leaders of the missionaryenterprise, both at home and abroad,to consider the great problem of the evangelizationof the world, and unitedly toresolve to undertake, in His strength,greater things for the extension of theKingdora of Christ." There were 2,957delegates al the Toronto convention, representing465 institutions. There are 1,000institutions witb an aggregate of 200,000students, which they seek to awaken. Thisis one of the signs of the tiraes. It is thesound of goings in the tops of the raulberrytrees. But how slow the Church is

292 Questions of the Hour.to set her sails! How little the sails arefilled with the wind! How much the progressof the Church is hindered! Howgreat the storms! The work in Chinawas almost paralyzed by the Boxer raovement.Tbe work in South Africa was arrestedby the Boer war. The work inSouth America is kept back by chronicanarchy. The work in the Philippines isalmost defeated by the presence of "thescarlet-colored beast," upon whicb "thegreat whore sitteth," who is enticingAmerican politicians "to drink the cup ofher fornication." But Christ is upon tbetbrone. And He must reign until all Hisenemies be made His footstool. The Sonof Man sits upon tbe cloud, and a sharpsickle is in His band. He will thrust inthe sickle, the earth sball be reaped, tbewinepress shall be trodden and blood sballflow even to the horse bridles. And thekingdoms of this world sball become thekingdom of our Lord and of His Cbrist,and He sball reign forever and ever.The Church's work is to be carried forwardby the peaceful method of witnessbearing.It was God's original purposethat this world sbould be ruled by a perfectman. Adam was placed here as tbeking of the earth. "Have dominion" wasthe original grant. But the condition ofbis holding this authority was his entireloyalty to God as Sovereign. Tbe frait ofthe tree of knowledge was tbe test of hisloyalty. He failed to obey. The scepterfell from his hand and his tempter, Salan,seized it. He is "the god of this world.""Tbe whole world lieth in the wicked one."But it was not God's purpose that a fallenangel should govern this world. Tbeoriginal design must be realized. AccordinglyGod sent His Son, who became theSon of Man. He met Satan in tbe temptationsof the wilderness, in tbose possessedwith devils, in His disciples hypnotizedby hira, casting hira out, and on Hiscross where He destroyed the works of thedevil. Satan was the strong man who heldtbe house of this world. Christ was thestronger man who bound him and spoiledhis house. Our Lord came up from thecross and the grave leading Satan as Hiscaptive. "He spoiled principalities andpowers and made a show of tbem openly,triumphing over them in His cross." And"He shall bruise Satan under the feet ofHis people shortly." Our Lord fulfllledall righteousness in becoming obedientunto deatb, even the deatb of His cross.He was the 'witness to tbese things wbilebere. But after His ascension His peoplebecame His witnesses. And as He conqueredby His autboritative word and byHis death upon the cross, so tbey are toovercome by the blood of the Lamb andby the word of their testimony.In the prophecy of Daniel tbe worldpowers are represented as beasts, thelion, the leopard, the bear, and thenondescript with seven heads and tenboms. But the Messiah is tbe Sonof Man clothed with all authorityand power. They represent brute force,and compel obedience by force of arms.But He invites and persuades sinners toaccept His great salvation. "I beseechyou, therefore, bretbren, by the merciesof God that ye present your bodies a livingsacriflce, holy, acceptable unto God,which is your spiritual service." Themercy of God in Cbrist focalizes thedivine love until it is a burning flame inthe sinner's heart. It is the only magnetsufficiently powerful to draw tbe sinnerto God. It is the only cord strong enoughto bind tbe beast in every human soul.The raan, possessed 'with devils whosenarae was legion and who lived in thetombs, bad often been bound witb chains,but he broke them. Only tbe Son of Mancould cast out tbe devil. All bumanforces are like tbe cords wilb which they

ound Samson, only tow in the flame. Thelove of Christ constraineth us. God caUsthe sinner and pleads witb him to poraeand be saved. He "prays him witb muchentreaty to receive His gifti' of eternallife. And Christ's messengers are to voiceHis love and sympathy for lost sinners."Now then we are ambassadors for Christ,as thougb God did beseech you by us; wepray you in Christ's stead, be ye reconciledto God." The Covenanter Churcb has tbehigh calling of Christis witness to thetruth. She testifles to Christis propheticoffice, revealing to us by His word andSpirit the will of God for our salvation;to His pontiflc office, in that He died forour sins and intercedes for us before God;and to His Kingly office, in that He doesHis "strange work" of punishing ungodlynations by judgments, and rides forthon the wbite horse, followed by tbe armiesof heaven on white horses, conquering sinnersby the two-edged sword wbicb goethfortb out of His mouth, the sword of theSpirit, which is the Word of God. Tbemarcb has been long and tedious and difficult.Tbe archers have shot at us andmany have fallen. Some bave desertedthe ranks and gone back. Tbe nights havebeen cold and dark, and the days stormy.The distress of nations is witnessed everywhere.Men's hearts fail them for fear.But tbe Master still goes before us. Themountains are full of horses and chariotsof fire round about us. More are they thatbe with us than all they tbat be with thera.The Master bids us be of good cheer. "Tbisis the victory that overcoraeth tbe world,even your faith."The Cburch's efficiency depends uponthe infilling of the people.with the HolyGhost. Our Lord was filledwith the HolyGhost. By tbe Spirit He cast out devUs,preaehed the word, raised tbe dead, offeredHimself a sacrifice on the cross, arosefrom the dead and ascended to glory. ByQuestions of the Hour. 293His Spirit tbe apostles preached Christ tothe perishing and led tbem to the cross.And by the Holy Ghost tbe Church todaymust beseech men to be saved. BishopJ. M. Thobum, D.D., spoke in tbe Torontoconvention on "Spiritual MenNeeded for Spiritual Work in Missions."He said: "In the firstplace, only a manwhose mind is pervaded by the immediatepersonal presence of the Holy Ghost canreveal Christ to those seeking him. Thefirst great work which we bave in any missionfieldis tbat of making Christ knownto the people. It is one tbing to preachCbrist; it is quite another tbing to teacbone wbo is inquiring the way, how Christcan be revealed to bim as He was to thedisciples in primitive times. You willremeraber the words of the great apostle,'When it pleased God * * * to revealHis Son in me.' And Jesus, you willremember, said in defining life eternal,'This is life etemal, that they might knowTbee'—^not 'believe on Thee'—'that theymight know Tbee, the only true God, andJesus Cbrist, Whom Thou hast sent.'Every man should know Cbrist. I baveno doubt in my own mind, that tbe supremepurpose which was served when thepersonal presence of Jesus was withdrawnfrom tbis world, was that the local migbtbecome universal. Our Saviour lookedforward to the day wben, instead of walkingamong tbe villages of Galilee, Hewould walk up and down among the nations.If I did not have a suprerae assurancetbat He was standing by my side thismorning, I should feel unprepared tostand before you. We must go among allnations and proclaim not only that therisen Son of God is alive from the dead,but that He is fulfilling His proraise tobe with us always, and that where eventwo or three asserable in His name. Hepersonally is present in their midst. Noperson can make that revelation to tbose

294 Questions of the Hour.in darkness unless he understands it personally,and this should be the flrstgreatproclaraation of the raissionaryin a non-Christian land." "We ought to havespiritual men in order to build up spiritualchurches. I think we have yet to demonstrateto the people of tbe United Statesand Canada the full raeaning of the term,a spiriiual churcb. If one individual becomesa founlain of living water, witbblessings streaming frora bis person allthe time in every direclion, how rauchgreater must be tbe result if we associatetogetber fifty or a hundred, or flve hundredof such persons in a CbristianCburcb. In our cities tbey are havinggreat churches now, with one or twothousand members, or even more, but Ibelieve that if there was one church inNew York, Chicago or Toronto to-day thathad a tbousand spiritually minded members,they could make the whole cily tremble.We have yet to deraonstrate to the'world the power there is in a cburch madeup pf spiritually minded persons. You cannotget thera togelher by a formal moveinent;they -will all lose their spiritualityin the process. God wants to raise up suchchurches and distribute tbem everywherethroughout the world. II is true of theChurch in a special sense that streams ofblessing, in the broadest possible interpretationof the phrase, will go out from suchan organization. We must plan for tbem.We need them in all the great cities of theBast; they will flourish more tbere thanin cities of the home land. You can onlyprovide tbem by sending sorae persons toinitiate the work, and such persons mustbe spiritually minded. May God fromHis throne in Heaven look down apon thisgreat audience and send His mightySpirit's anointing upon these young menand young woraen wbo are to become representativesof Jesus Christ to tbe fourcorners of this world, and raay you gofortb from this great convention to be notonly a help lo thousands and tens ofthousands, bul a joy to great nations, ablessing lo all humanity."Let me say, "The Eeport of the TorontoConvention," a volume of nearly 700pages, will make any Cbristian reader'ssoul a pillar of fire.The Bpard of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in tbe United States ofAmerica opens its report for 1901-2 wilh this paragraph : "II has been a year ofquiet growth and uninterrupted expansion of the work. There have been added tothe churches 5,241 new members, the largest namber added in any year of theBoard's hisiory. At the close of the year the Board reports 749 missionaries, a gainof 34 ; 44,443 coraraunicants, a net gain of 2,884 ; 26,108 pupUs in schools, a gainof 198; 289,363 patients treated in hospitals and dispensaries; and 75,011,660pages issued frora its presses. The number of patients has been nine times that ofthe number treated in the best of the hospitals in New York City, and the expensehas been but one-tenth as great."The raissionaryis coraing more and more into recognition, and is spreading andmultiplying his power in all lands. Twenty years ago he was an unknown quantityin Uganda, Africa, a districi which contains a population of 10,000,000. To-daythere is in thai region flve hundred Christian churches and six hundred teachers.God's cause does not lack for workmen, nor for opening flelds. With consecratedwealth, the whole earth could ppeedUy be compassed with gospel heralds and gospelagencies.

News of the Churches. 295N E W S OF T H E CHURCHES.ABROAD.Suadia, Syria.—A letter frora MissCunninghara, dated Aug. 38, contains interestingiteras:The work is going on as usual, exceptthe boarding schools. All our serviceshave been extreraely well attended; indeed,the chapel bas been full every Sabbathwitb what seeraed to be a very attentiveaudience. Mr. Dodds has been downnearly every Sabbatb. The woman's meetinghas also been well attended, many ofthe women engaged in the silk factoriesproviding a substitute so tbat they couldcorae to tbe meeting. Last week therewere flfty-nine, and in speaking to themof Christ's willingness to receive all wboeome to him, I tried to impress on themHis own words in John's gospel, "Himthat coraeth to me I will in no wise castout," Tbe verse is verj' simple in theArabic, just tbe coramon, every-day words.After tbe meeting I thougbt tbat I wouldsee how many of thera reraerabered it. Iasked thera one by one to repeat the textto rae, and just flveout of aU that numbercould do it. It was a very great shockto me, for I was sure that they wouldnearly all remeraber, as I had tried hardto irapress on them that it was the Lord'sown special personal invitation to eachone of tbem.It has been a very dry sumraer, andthe water is scarce. Our well gave out andwe have to bring our water frora quite adistance.Mersina, Asia Minor.—A letier, datedAug. 7, from Miss E. M. Sterretti containsthe following items:I bave spent a few pleasant weeks inKessab wUh Cousin Willia Dodds, andhad the pleasure of meeting some of ourother missionaries. The great kindnessesbestowed upon rae by thera all, both thereand on the way, raade raeforget that longhard road belween Latakia and Kessab.* * *While in Kessab I raet one of our oldMersina pupils whora I had not seen forabout six years. She has now gone- toOrfa, where her husband is a minister inone of the Frotestant cburcbes, over whichhis father used lo be paslor. A day ortwo ago I met a young Armenian girlgraduate of Marsovan College, who is onher way to Orfa to be one of Miss Shattuck'steachers. * * *Just before leaving Mersina sorae onecame from Tarsus and told us that ZahraIbraheera was in distress. Her husbandhas been taken to the array and sbe isleft with three little children—the youngesta babe but a few raonths old. Herraother-in-law is kind to thera, but she isonly a servant in a Turkish bath, and havingsorae olher grandchildren to support,she cannot give Zahra very mucb. Someof us have undertaken to try her as aBible reader at a small salary per inonth.It will be a benefit to her own soul, as wellas to the people who hear her. Mr. Doddsbelieves her lo be a good Christian woman,and it may be sbe is living as exeraplarya life as ber surroundings will perrait.Of course sbe cannot do mucb tbis hotweather, with so many little children, butit is always beiler for those who receivehelp to do soraething in return.Her sister, Sophia, carae to say goodby the- day before I came away, and Iwas pleased to hear her say tbat sbe wasanxious to go to America, only to save bercbildren from being Mosleras.She is so zealous to please her busband

296 News of the Churches.and has been so very reticent about herreligious views since her marriage, that Iwas surprised to hear her say tbat much.As you say, there raay still be hope tbatthe bruised reed may not be broken nortbe smoking flaxquenched. The two girlsbave been tbe subjects of raany prayers,not only in our own church, but in others.So far, tbe little Moslem girl of whomI wrote you, bas met witb no opposition,but I do not iraagine that she will escapevery long. * * *In a leiter of Aug. 15, Rev. R. J. Doddswrites: We are now passing through thehottest days of tbe summer; some days toohot for comfort even in the shade, and toohot to sleep at nigbt. We are very thankfulto God, who has preserved us all inbealth. * * *I wrote you of the flne opportunity Ibad of preaching to woodmen frora Mt.Lebanon, Maronites, wbo had corae to collectresin, etc., and to raanufacture charcoalin our mountains. It was a Sabbathevening, and I preacbed to them on aroof. There were over a hundred. Tbeyintended leaving the next morning, butcould not get animals enough, and it wasseveral days before all got away. OnMonday some came to call on me, and Ishowed them over the Mission premises.The young man who had wept when Ipreached, said, "I wisb I could spend afew years in your school." Several askedme if I would advise them to go to America.Of course I never advise any personto go. But at the same time, I do notworry about people going, whether convertedor not. In teraporal Ihings theycannot fare worse there than here, and Ialways hope the Lord has a plan and purposefor their souls' and the Church'sgood in their going to Araerica. Tuesdaythey sent rae an invitation to come andpreach thera anoiher serraon in the evening.I happened to have an engagementthat evening in Tarsus, but I sent GabrielLuttoof lo talk to them. Tbey receivedhim with great kindness, and he spenttwo hours -with them expounding thethings which concern tbe Kingdom ofHeaven.Last Wednesday evening was our smallestgathering, thirty-four, in prayer meeting;but on the whole, attendance hasbeen very good through the heat. Thesraallest attendance at Sabbatb school, 31;tbe higbest, 53. At cburcb, the lo-westnuraber, 43; tbe bighest, 70.Miss Sterrett arrived to-day from hersummer vacation. She looks well and happy.The cotton crop and sesame are afailure, and many of our bretbren havebeen driven off by starvation to try tofind a living elsewhere. Tbe loss of onein particular I greatly regret, for be wasgifted as a Bible reader and evangelist.In Tarsus the eondition of tbe bretbren isdistressing in tbe extreme—due to sameeause. It seems impossible to build up apermanent work—our people are so poorand so subjecl to such vicissitudes.Ctprus.—We are glad to be able to giveour readers a picture of "Tbe DavidTorrens Memorial Chapeh" 'w^bich isnow complete. Like the old building thatwas destroyed by flre,it faces the directroad from Larnaca to Nicosia, and is admirablyadapted for raissionary work.Tbe front door opens into a hallway leadinglo tbe central auditorium, and havinga room on cither side. Tbe two views,bowever, front and rear, will give a goodidea of the structure without any detaileddescription.The Greeks wbo hoped that the oldbuilding would never be replaced and tbatthe missionaries would be forced to leavethe island, are very mucb disappointed.Tbese enemies of a pure gospel see in the

News of the Churches. 297THE DAVID TORRENS MEMORIAL CHAPEL —PRONT.THE DAVID TORRENS MEMORIAL CHAPEL —REAR,

298 News of ihe Churches.erection of a more substantial and attractiveplace of worship a deterraination tohold the field and cultivate it with newenergy.The only thing needed now is a youngman to take the place from which Mr.Henry Easson bas been forced to retire, ayoung man fllled with the Spirit of Godand ready under His leadership and controlto consecrate his life-energies to theevangelization of Cyprus. Wbo will goin response to the call ofthe Redeemer andfor His glory? The need is urgent andthe call is to the noblest work a mancan do.China.—A letter from* Rev. A. I. Robb,under date Aug. 11, contains interesiingileras:Dr. George tells me she wrote you lastraonth wben the flood was rising. II wassoraething quite different from what Ihave seen here. The waters rose steadilyabout two feet a day for two weeks andthen our house was entirely surroundedby water, and on the lower terrace of theyard it was seven feet deep. It lackedjusl two inches of entering our lower floor.The joists were wet, but it did not reachthe boards. I will send you a photo soonshowing bow we looked. But our conditionwas nothing to that of raany.We were of the opinion that our oldgrandmother was on higher ground andsafe from the flood, and gave ourselves nouneasiness about her until the -(Waters beganto recede. We then learned that sbehad had a very hard lirae. The water hadentered her house and she had clirabed upon a sort of floor raade by laying someboards on cross beams. Tbe water got sohigh tbat she had to leave there and climbout on the roof, and she sat out there in .the rain at least one night. She says shecried a couple of times and at last her;nephew took some pitv on her and belnedher. She bad nothing to eat, and herfamily wanted her to. sell her chickens.This she was not willing to do, as it isfrom tbem she makes ber living. Shewent and pawned her good clothes as soonas she could get anywhere in order to getsorae food. But when I saw her she wasrejoicing tbat the Heavenly Father hadbeen so good to her, and told of thecalaraities she had feared in falling wallsand dro'wning chickens, none of wbicb hadcorae to her. The ladies gave her moneyto redeera her clothes and she is bappyagain, and a sort of wonder to us. Shehas not raissed a day at preaching sincewe carae last faU, except when tbe watersraade it irapossible for her to come. Thewaters are gradually receding, and peopleare harvesting where there is anything.Mrs. Robb and I went to Hong Kongon a shopping expedition week- before lastAs it is a three days' trip each way, wecannot go often, and this time was noteworthybecause the ladies and childrenstayed behind to look after tbe stuff. Duringour absence a typhoon came our way,sinking four steamers in Hong Kong Harborand destroying Ihirly or forty lives.At Tak Hing it blew down part of ourwall and broke out a number of windowlights, and an iramense quantity of rainfell. At Hong Kong nearly thirteen inchesfell in twenty-four hours. In spite ofthat, the old grandmother was down forservice, and the ladies and others put inrather full time reading and committingBible verses. The old grandmother canmemorize faster than any of them. Wbenshe flrst began to try to memorize she saidshe was too old, and it almost requiredtrepanning to get anything into her bead.How she can excel young men and womennow I can only explain on the theory tbatour ability to acquire spiritual things dependsmore on the condition of our heartstbau the nnnlifvn-f m-iTVi-poi-nci

News of the Churches. 299The attendance and atiention yesterdaywere both good and we are laboring inbope, in spite of the ratber discouragingfaet that all efforts to secure nativehelpers have failed. I made a number ofinquiries while in Canton, and the invariablereply was that if tbey bad them,they had pressing need for twice as manyworkers as now. The flood destroyedpractically all tbe crops in the valley, andthere will be a bard struggle for food. Italso destroyed a good many houses. Oneold woraan, nearly blind, wbo bas been anattendant at church for a long time, toldme yesterday that she was living with aneighbor because her own bouse waswashed away. I am to go this morningto "look see."We are all in good health, though balftbe community in Canton was ill withdengue fever when we were tbere. Thereis considerable illness among the Chinesehere, eonsequent on tbe flooding of thevalley, but it does not seem to come nighus. I hope we are not unmindful of norungrateful for tbis goodness.The Board of tbe Presbyterian Churchin U. S. A., says, speaking of ils work inCbina: Tbis year bas been rendered conspicuousby tbe return of all missionariesto tbe interior, who had fell it necessaryto retire to the open ports during the previousyear, 1900, on account of the Boxeroutbreak and other hostile movements.Tbe missionaries of tbe Presbyterian andotber Boards have been welcomed with acordiaUty tmly surprising. Moreover,tbrough tbe readiness of the Chineseofficials and the wise and syrapatheticefforts of Consul Robt. McWade, all indemnitiesfor property of tbe Board destroyedby mobs, togetber witb the expensesotherwise incurred by tbe .disturbance,have been paid. At the same timeinformation bas been received that a verylarge proportion of the losses sustained bynative Christians has been paid.The report of the Baptist MissionaryUnion for 1901-1903 says: The past yearhas seen all our stations in Cbina reoccupied,and many bomes rebuilt and chapelsreopened, soraetiraes with rejoicing on thepart of enlire communities. The missionariestell of steadfast Cbristian convertswho are living out tbe Christ-lifebefore their townspeople as bravely as anyof tbose who have obtained the martyr'scrown; of new conditions wbicb prevailin many places, wbere crowds are seekingto be enrolled as Christians in order tosecure protection for themselves from tbeforeigners whom so lately they drove fromtbeir cities and villages witb heartlesscruellies; and lastly, of the begiiming ofa movement towards Western educationand Western science, the results of whichno man can foretell.The Union reports 15 stations in China,64 missionaries, 57 churehes, 3,963 members,and 316 baptisms this year. Fromall the stations comes the good news ofnew centers inviting raissionary operations,the preaching of the gospel everywherelistened to witb attention, and tbepeople now raore friendly, if possible, andteachable, than before the persecution of1900.Japan.—The Danish Nordisk Missions-Tidsskrifthas an interesting ariicleon tbe present position of Christianity inJapan, whicb suras up tbe situation tbus:The strongest religious tendency in theJapanese character is the divinization ofthe Imperial house; and the rulingthought of many of the leading men, aswell as the great majority of the fortythreemillions of people, is that in absoluteobedience to the Eraperor lies tbe onlysure foundation of a morality wbieh can

300 News of the Churches.compete witb that of the Christian nations.The recent experience of Japan intbe conflict with China has tended tostrengthen this idea. Nevertheless, tbedecline of morality in the nation is apparentto all the more tboughtful, andtbey are opening their eyes to the need ofreform.In the meantime, the work of Christianmissions bas undoubtedly become moredeeply rooted under the opposition wbichit bas encountered. The wave of so-calledrationalism, which recently passed overJapanese Christendom, has spent itself;so bas the desire to put the foreign missionaryon one side and let the JapaneseCburcb rule itself. There is now an excellentunderstanding between tbe foreignmissionaries and the native helpers, andtbe latter are showing considerable capacity.Tbe number of Christians increasesfrom year to year—no longer, indeed,with the great spring of the eighties,but still so markedly that it is plain tbatChristianity has not lost its footing inJapan. Tbere are not yet a milUon Christiansin Japan, but tbe position occupiedby Christians in tbe public life of the nationis out of all proportion to their numbers.Twelve members of the upper Houseof Parliament and fourteen of tbe lower,with tbe president of tbe latter, are Christians.In tbe army and tbe fleetthere aremany Christians amongst tbe offieers. Itis therefore only through ignorance orperverseness tbat some travelers say tbatChristianity has lost tbe battle in Japan.On tbe contrary, it bas a good prospect ofwinning it; but it caimot be won in oneday or in one generation.A religious revival took place last year,which, though its results bave been mucbexaggerated in some Western reports, basundoubtedly brought numbers inlo theCbristian Church. In October of last yearthe secretary of tbe Students' ChristianUnion, Mr. J. E. Moll, beld eighteenevangelistic meetings in Tokio, wbere1,464 young men, among thera more tbana thousand students, declared their decisionto accept ChristianUry, and to offerthemselves for instruction.We must not fall into the error ofthinking that tbe day of Buddhism is overin Japan; temples are still being built atgreat cost, and "Young Men's BuddhistAssociations" are being formed. Yet thereis much in all this activity which remindsone of the days of Julian the Apostate.—S. A. in London Chronicle.India.—Tbe Board of Foreign Missionsof the United Presbyterian Cburchof North America reports for tbe yearended Deceraber, 1901, 56 foreign and396 native workers; 54 mission circles and34 organized congregations, 11 bavingsettled pastors and 5 of tbem self-supporting;a Cbristian commuiuty of 11,-713, of wbom 8,033 are in fuU communion,indicating a net increase of 1,035merabers; 140 schools, witb 7,855 pupils,of whom 1,178 are Christians.The following items are gleaned fromtbe annual report of tbe American Boardof Commissioners for Foreign Missionsfor 1901: The Marathi Mission, locatedin the Bombay Presidency, witb an areaof 34,000 square miles and a populationof about 7,000,000 people, bas two parts,one called the Konkan, including Bombay,and a strip of country along the westemcoast, and the other, a part of thegreat tableland of Central India, calledtbe Deccan. In tbis Mission there are 8central stations with resident missionaries,and 134 out-stations, places in whicb workis regularly conducted, whether church orschool. Forty-nine churches, of wbicbthree were organized and placed underpastors during the year, have a member-

A deputation from tbe American Board,for a copy of wbose report we are indebtedto Eev. Jas. L. Barton, Boston, Mass.,thus speaks of India as a mission fleld:India is one of the largest, oldest, andmost accessible mission fieldsin the world.It has a population of over 391,000,000,according to tbe last census, wbo are accessibleto the Cbristian teacher. Tbe Governmentof India is in sympatby witb missionwork, and most, if not aU, of tbeNews of the Churches. 301ship of 4,877, an increase of 1,185 on confessionof faith, as against 297 tbe yearrulers of native States are not hostile toit. This population is made up of a greatprerious. Tbere are 8,714 converts scatteredvariety of races, who speak many languagestbrough 373 villages, and tbere is agrand total of 8,663 pupils under religious and are believers in different re­ligions, Hinduism and Mohammedanisrainstmction, and of these 3,766 are Christians.being the most prominent. * * *The number of native ProtestantTbe Madura Mission is one of the mostcompact of all the missions of tbis Board,occupying a territory in South India ofChristians in India in 1851 was set downat 91,000; in 1861, at 138,000; in 1871,at 324,000; in 1881, at 417,000, and inseventy-five miles by about one hundred 1891 at 559,000. * * * j^ the fortyand twenty-five, with a populalion, accordingto the last census, of 3,333,104.Christians are found in 501 cities and villages,and they worship in 345 congregations,in wbicb tbe merabership is 4,217men, 4,553 women, and 8,507 children, atotal native constituency of 17,276, a gainyears from 1851 to 1891 tbe number ofProtestant Christians increased six fold,wbile the population increased only about20 per cent.The most hopeful work in India is thatcarried on for and araong tbe young. Theopportunities for work among tbe cbildrenof 425 during tbe year. Tbere are 38 are far beyond the ability of tbe missionarychurches, enrolling 4,911 members, 313being received on profession of faith duringto seize. Parents witbout number arenow saying to them, "We cannot beeomethe year. The average Sabbatb at­Christians ourselves, but we are willingtendance was 10,800, and tbere are 8,046 to bave our children Christians. Youpupils under instruction in the Mission. may take thera and teach them as y6uFew missions have so large and effective a wisb." Villages in whicb no Christiansnative force as this. A total native agency live are asking for Christian schools. Tbeof '613 gives an average of nearly twentytwoopportunities for reacbing cbildren arefor each ordained missionary, mis­sionary's wife and single woman in thefield. It is a pleasure to report that inmany instances these helpers are faitbfulin season and out of season, walking humblyand faithfully in the footsteps of theMaster and bearing fruit for Him.liraited only by tbe number of teacbers tosend and of means to support tbem. * * *The statement is often made tbat onlytbe lower castes are reacbed in India, andtbis is cited as proof that missions are notaccomplishing mucb there. It is true tbata large proportion of the Christian convertsare from tbe lower castes, altbougbthere are many devout Christians fromamong the Brahmans themselves. Oneof the great reasons for our bope and confldencein the stability and future successof the Christian movement in India istbat it is starting among tbe lower strataof Indian society, among tbe commonlaborers, and even outcasts. * * *The work, bowever, is not confined to thelowest classes. New and higher castes areconstantly reached, and so the gospel flame

302 News of the Churches.is continually raounting upward, preparingnew raaterialall the tirae to catch theblaze and transrait it to those on thehigher levels. The glory of tbe IndianChristian Church to-day is that it is theChurch of the laboring classes. * * *New Hebrides.—The Foreign MissionReport of Canadian Presbyterian Churchfor 1901-2 says: The aggressions of tbeFrench still conlinue, and in sorae quartersunder French influence hysterical appealsare raade lo France to annex thegroup, and these appeals are supported byallegations which are clearly contrary tofact and truth. There is a pPssibility thatthese appeals raay receive raore favorableattention frora the French Governmentthan that to which they are entitled, bulthe danger that they may be heeded wouldbe much greater were it not that the Australiancolonies are watchful, alert andresolute against this step. The bill forthe abolition of tbe Kanaka traffic in fiveyears has becorae law in the AustralianCoraraonwealth.The sixly-flflb annual report of theBoard of Foreign Missions of tbe PresbyterianChurch in the Uniled Slates con­Allegheny, Pa.—Eead carefully theseAT HOMB.tains a very cheering statement:Tbe census of 1891 showed a Cbristianileras from the Central Board:Financial Statement—population in India of 2,284,172, an increaseof 22.65 per cent, compared wilbOverdrawn Expendi- OverdrawnIndian Mission Aug. 1,1!I03. Receipts, tures. Sept. $l-,i5.f.2 1,1908,tbe growth of 13.1 per cent, in the entire Domestic Mission tB81,65 799.64 1,642.76 S864.54 $135,5- 728.75 ~—-- 114.37population. In the decade lately closed Southern Mission.^28.57 2,715.70 201.661,985.47tbere bas been in nine rainor provinces an Chinese MissionOn hand415.14increase of about 66,000, or 70 per cent Jewish MissionAug. 1,1902.63.38425.14 10,00 788.50above the nurabers of 1891.The above satisfactory 5.33 157.05 statement 100,00 is dueIn the Madras Presidency, during thepreceding decade, there was an advance of23.7 per cent, among Christians, as comparedwith 15.2 per cent, in the totalSelma almost BuUdingPund entirely to 414,50 the payment 74.00 of bequestsof money left to the different raissions.Domestic.—Distribution will be madeat the next raeeting of the Board on tbepopulation. In the last decade, while the third Wednesday of October. Noticepopulation increased only 7.14 per cent., should be sent to clerks of Presbyteriesthe Christians increased 18.13 per centi,the actual advance being from 879,437 to1,038,854.In the Punjab the increase in the Chrislianof work done in lime for them to raakereports to the Board.Southern.—School will coraraence onSept. 29. Instead of one there will bepopulation bas been about 35 per three courses—norraal, industrial andcent. These results have caused a certain literary. Tbe tuition will be slightly increased.amount of surprise and consternation inPupils ih the lsl, 2d, and 3dthe ranks of Hinduism.rooms will be charged 40 cents; 4-6, 60cents; freshmen, 75 cents, and sophomores,$1.00. All but $27 have beenraised of the $1,500 for the new house. Aprinted circular has been widely distributed,explaining the increase in tuition,and calling attenlion to tbe new departments.The officers of the Board wereinstructed lo advertise in tbe church papersfor a suitable person to take chargeof the boys' industrial departraent in theSelma school. Applicants should writelo the Corresponding Secretary.Chinese.—A letter from Eev. N. R.

Johnston was read, urging the Board totake steps lo revive the work in Oaklandand offering his services. In view of theaction of Synod discontinuing the Mis--sion, the Board felt tbat it was powerlessto make any movement in the directiondesired. Ten doUars was appropriated lohelp defray expense.J. W. Sproull.Morning Sun, Ia.—Annual report ofthe Ladies' Missionary and Aid Societyfor 1902: We have eome to the close ofanother year's work and feel that God hasbeen wilh us, as a sociely, to bless us anddo us good. Our desire is that He willbless our efforts and that many souls willbe brought into the Kingdom of Christthrough them. We bave held twelve regularmeelings, with an average attendanceof twenty-three members.Three naraes have been added to ourroll, wbich gives us an enrollraent offorty-four raerabers.The Society sent a- box of clothing toSouthern Mission and a barrel of fruit toIndian Mission; 1,532 papers and cardshave been distributed at horae; 30 packagesof papers and 4 books were sent lomission fields. Mrs. J. W. Cavan, ourCorresponding Secretary, comraunicatedwith our absent members and many beautifuland helpful letters from them wereread at our meetings. She also reportedeighteen copies of Oli-ve Trees taken inour Society. Our managers arranged for,and a congregational dinner was held, inJune.As we begin the work of another year,may we bear tbe voice of tbe Spirit say,"Lo, I ara with you alway," and strive todo raore and better tban we have everdone before, realizing more fully "Theharvest traly is plenteous, but the laborersare few."'Mrs. S. E. McElhiney, Pres.Mayme D. Jamison, Sec.News of the Churches. 303treasurer's report.Eeceipts.Balance in Treasury $6.60Dues received 85.62Donations 2.25Subscriptions for PresbyterialThank Offering 43.55Total $138.02Disbursements.Freight on goods sent to raissions. $4.03Goods for Southern Mission..... 2.43Foreign Mission 40.76Repairs on Denver Church 5.00Horae work 9.50Chicago Church Building. 33.46Foreign ilission Thank Offering. 43.05Total $l3,7j33Balance in Treasury .79$138.02Box sent to Southern Mission,value 35.00Box sent to Indian Mission 9.75$173.77Mrs. E. W. McElhiney, Treas.New York.—A coraraission of NewYork Presbylery raet in Thirty-ninthStreet Church, New York, on Monday,Sept. 15, 1902, at 7:30 P. M., to bearspeciraens of iraproveraent frora Mr. JohnYates, of Walton, N. Y., and for thelicensure of Mr. Julius Kerapf, of NewYork. Mr. Yates read an essay on "JohnKnox," and preached frora the words,"Blessed are the pure in heart, for theyshaU see God" (Mat. 5:8). These exerciseswere heartily sustained, and he wascomraended for raarked originality andirapressiveness in the presentation oftruth. Mr. Kerapf read an essay on"Wyckliffe," gave an excellent exegesis ofJohn 1 :l-5, and delivered a serraon from

304 News of the Churches.tbe words, "They sball see His face" (Rev.22:4), and a lecture on Heb. 1:1-3.After exaraination on personal piety andthe distinctive principles of tbe ReformedPresbyterian Churcb, and having signedthe Terras of Communion, be was affectionatelycommended to God in prayerand, in the name of Jesus Christ, the exaltedHead of the Cburcb, was coramissionedto preach the gospel. Every one,more than pleased with the niatter of bisdiscourses and method of delivery, wasready to predict for Mr. Kempf a futureof great usefulness in the Churcb.The fall meeting of tbe New YorkPresbytery will be held in the TwentythirdStreet Churcb, New York, Tuesday,Oct. 21, at 10 A. M. It is hopedthere will be a full representation of tbecongregations, and tbat the Lord raay be"in the raidst."York, N. Y.—Tbe Woman's MissionarySociety of tbe Eeformed PresbyierianChurcb, York, N, Y., desires to place onrecord an expression of tbe bigh esteemheld by the members for our sister, Mrs.Joseph Harti 'who was called to obey thesummons, "Come up higher," on tbemorning of tbe 19tb of February, 1903.All wbo knew tbis earnest Cbristianwoman will remember tbe sterling qualitiesof head and heart sbe possessed. Sbeloved ber Cburch and her Saviour, takinga deep interest in all tbings concerningHis Kingdom. Her attendance wben inhealth upon all church services was anexample to all about ber, and tbose wbohave bad tbe pleasure of sitting witb berin tbe Sabbath school class know tbatwhen she spoke it was tbe Spirit witbinthat prorapted her utterance. We shallmiss her gracious presence, her genialsmile, her warm band clasp and wisecounsel, but we know that our loss is hergain.We, as a Society, extend to tbe bereavedbusband and sorrowing family our deepestsympathy and Cbristian love.Mrs. S. a. Milroy,Miss Dora Guthrie,Committee.Just thirty years ago tbis summer all tbe civilized world was reading bow the reporterof an American newspaper, after months of toilsome travel, bad found a Britishmissionary at a Central African town called Ujiji. Many readers of forty and upwardwill remember how impossible seemed sucb a name for a town. Even when therewas published a little later tbe picture of Henry M. Stanley walking up to a man sittingin front of a palm leaf hut with the remark, ' 'Dr. Livingstone, I believe," the veryname oftbe place wbere this took place seemed to make the story ludicrously incredible.Yet tbere was and is a town called Ujiji, and it is quite possible tbat before thisyear ends we sball read without surprise telegrams dated tbere, and giving the resultsof a paddling race for the championship of the African lakes. Any one whose friendor relative is missing can now ascertain wbetber he is in Ujiji by telegraphing theChief of PoUce at the moderate cost of 78 cents a word. Such is tbe change thatthirty years have wrought in Ujiji.Thus it is that Ujiji, thirty years ago the vUlage of a savage negro Prince, is nowin touch with the world by telegraph. Thus it is tbat a town whose existence thirtyyears ago seemed wrapped in fables like those whicb surround ancient Timbuctoo nowstands out as the possible future metropolis of Central Africa. Witb the telegraph inUjiji tbe ligbt seems to bave been let a long way into Darkest Africa.— Chicago Inter-Ocean.

Monographs.305MONOGRAPHS.DOMESTIC SCENES IN THESUADIA SCHOOLS.Bread Making.Whether Jew or Greek, Hindoo orTurk, Chinaman or American, we mustall bave our bread—the difference is onlyin the art of making it and in the qualityproduced.In Mersina and Latakia tbe bread forthe schools is sent to the public oven to bebaked, or is bought frora the bakery, butin Suadia we ean do neither, so our breadmust be baked at borae.wheat should bave been put into tbe pansand tbe stones thrown on tbe floor, but Ihave learned to accept things "by the contrary"long ago.Tbe mill we patronize is a water millnear our mission gate. Tbe wheat isground whole, so we have "whole wheatflour" in the truest sense. By tbe way, Imight add that I have found it impossibleto get good Araerican bread fromtbis flour,even if I used two-thirds Americanflour. The flourdoes not keep long,so only a small quantity is ground at onelirae.picking wheat.In a preceding article I told you bowcarefully tbe wheat must be picked,washed and dried before making "Burghul"(cracked wheat). The sarae care isnecessary before our wheat is taken to millto be ground into flour. In picture No. 1the school boys and cook are pickingwheat, the teacher is standing; it is hisbusiness to keep the thirty or forty littlehands busy. Tbe boots and shoes are leftoff the mat as you see. The stones andsticks are picked from the wheat and putinto tbe pans. Tbe wheat is pushed oflthe table. When I first came to thiscountry, ten years ago, I thought theKNEADING DOUGH.Tbey bave no yeast bere, but the womanleaves out a piece of dough from eacbbaking witb which to "leaven" tbe nextbaking. In the second picture you cansee Katrine kneading the dough. Tbeyalways get down on tbeir knees, as yousee her. She dips her hands into thekettle of water beside her and shuttingher fistsshe kneads the dough with thedetermined stroke of a trained athlete—moving her whole body forward, eaeh motionis accompanied witb the accustomedgrunt. After the dough raises it is madeinto little eakes.In tbe autumn and spring sbe bakes tbe

306 Monographsoutside oven.bread in the "Tannure," or out oven, asyou see it illustrated in picture No. 3.Another woraan, or raore likely two orthree of the schoolboys, pat out the cakeswith tiieir hands until it is the size of adinner plate. The woman puts the thincake on a thiek, fiat,cotton pad, which sheholds on her hand, then she slaps the breadon the inside wall'of the "Tannure." TheTannure is the shape of a jug, raade oftile and raortar. It is heated by light•brushy wpod and grass, like the load yousee on the donkey in picture No. 4. Thp/oven is filled with this wood, which isflighted knd hnmk up quickly/ This is the"grass of the field" spoken of in Mat 6 :30,"Wherefore; if God so clothe the grass ofthe field, whieh to-day is, and to-raorrow^M-in -V^ 1MB~fe^i^ p ^liSSBSm/M-r ,Y^' r >. '•f^ P ^^ mft^S^'"^' " '"'.iK,-. W ^ "''OVEN WOOD,is cast into the oven," etc. When it burnsout it leaves a bed of red-hot ashes in theflat bottora, and the sides are very hotYou never see a raan doing the baking ina "Tannure," nor do you see a young giri,as the heat on the face is so intense that itwould spoil her coraplexion, consequentlyit would spoil her prospect of raarriage—so iraperative in this land if a girl's dignity(?) is raaintained.When the winter rains come the largebakings for the schools are done in an insideoven shown in picture No. 5. Thisoven is built into the wall. It bas a flatbottom and a circular roof, with a flue.Prora a sraall door in the front, large woodis put in and after it has blazed and roaredINSIDE OVEN.like a great furnace until the wood is incoals, the door is opened and the coalsswept to one side, when the baking begins.Two boys pat out the eakes quite thin,but Siraaan, the school cook, whirls theraabout with such dexterity that the doughspreads out as thin as a wafer—12 inchesin diaraeter. He places it on the longhandledpaddle you see in his hand, anddeftly lays the wafer on the hot stone floor.This kind of baking is always done by aman. You can see on the end of the tablethe large thin loaves of "markook"(bread) that bave been baked. It is reallyvery palatable when warra, but gets hard

Monographs. 307and tongh when cold. However, it seemsto have some charm about it, for I havenever seen a missionary's child bul whowould, frequently, take a piece of hardraarkook—so hard, that it would snap,like- a "dinner plale" when broken—inpreference to snowy white bread raadefrora American flour.We bave boys and girls in school whohave never in their lives bad enough ofwheat bread to eat until they came to yourschools—yes, your schools, dear friends,for il is you who make it possible for us tobuy them bread. Many of them bave noteven bad wheat so plentiful (?) as tbeharvesters we saw beside our garden thissumraer. I had just been reading in tbeBeview of Reviews of "The Fallacy of ExportingWheat," where we are told of theannual wheat crop of the United Stalesbeing 700,000,000 bushels, and in TheCosmopolitan oi the enormous raagnitudeand capacity of our Western reapers,threshers, mills, etc., when our little sonscame running to me and said: "0 come,marama, and see the people harvesting andthreshing by our garden!" I made hastelest they sbould be done before I arrivedon the scene. My bead was full of thoughtsof magniflcent machinery—truly, contrastsare impressive! There before raewas an acre of stony soil, stone fences,stone terraced that sufficient soil raightbe retained to grow the grain and thewhitish yellow wheat, so short and drythat it could not wave, but it stood stiU orfeU down—dead ripe in the scorchingnoonday sun. The reaper was one loneraan with a sickle in bis band. He slowly—and tbere is no Yankee wbo could beatan Oriental in raoving slowly—caught theprecious stalks in one hand and cut therawith the other, then tumed to lay thesheaf (hand full) down behind him. Thereaper was iraraediately followed by thethresher—two old woraen who gatheredthe grain and sat down on the ground toshell it out by rubbing it between theirhands. One then took her little cap—asraall round fez—and raeasured out thewheat, one for herself and one for theother shareholder. In tbis way the littlefield was harvested. Before night theshepherds and shepherdesses broughl theirhungry donkeys, goats and cows (poorlittle starved-looking aniraals that youwouldn't have on your farra) to pasturewhat was lefti I did not hear what hisMajesty's tax ratio was—one in ten, orraore, perhaps. Poor things, each grainof wheal, eacb loaf of bread, is labor formany, and like eating gold to more thanfive in ten of the people in this country.No wonder the schoolboys and girlsthrive when they get a sufficient portionof the "staff of life." We are glad that"Jesus tbe Living Bread" is ever beforethera like the raanna around the carap ofIsrael. They cannot "stir frora theirtents" or walk about our raissionschoolhomes withoui doing one of two things—either gathering it or trampling it underfoot.May every vein of tbeir spiritualnatures be infused with the power andsweetness of "Jesus the Living Bread."Myrta May Dodds.Christ is the foremost figure of the worid to-day. • The empires whose laws aremost just, whose customs are most generous, whose institutions are most beneflcentand most permanent, are Christian empires. Wherever the teachings ofthe GalUeanprophet have most prevaUed, there life is most prolific of happiness. He is destinedStiU to conquer, untU at last a weeping worid, cleansed from sin by the blood of theLamb, ShaU-take up the triumphant refrain, "Blessing, and glory, and honor, andmight be unto our God forever and ever!"—i^. G. T.

308 Monographs.FAEEWELL MEETING IN SCOT­LAND WITH THB MISSION­AEIES.A farewell social meeting witb Mr. andMrs. Kennedy on the eve of their departurefor Alexandretta was beld in Glasgowon the evening of Tuesday, Aug. 35,last. The gathering was unprecedentedlylarge and was thoroughly representative,and the interest and enthusiasm shownby the audienee in the raissionaries andtheir work was stiraulating and encouragingin tbe higbest degree. Eev. John Mc­Kee, Convener of Synod's Poreign MissionComraittee, occupied the chair.Forcible addresses were delivered by Revs.J. P. Struthers, John McDonald and A.C. Gregg, and a number of prominentraerabers of tbe Church, all dealing in thehappiest raanner with sorae aspect ofhome and foreign mission work. The interestof the evening was centred in- tbeaddresses of the missionaries themselves,who were listened to with the warmest interest.Mr. Kennedy gave interesting informationregarding Alexandretta, thenew fleldof labor, and he spoke of the iraportanceand hopefulness of the fleld, andthe great need of effort there even thougbthe-difficulties would be great. He madean earnest appeal for the prayers of tbeCburch, and expressed the fervent bopethat before long he would bave co-workerssent out to join hira in the field. Mrs.Kennedy, on rising, as representing theCovenanting Cburch in America, receivedquite an ovation. She spoke in tbe mostinteresting manner of tbeir meihods ofwork in breaking new ground, in Syria,and the peculiar character of tbe dutieswitb which tbeir hands would be fllled.In both the addresses there was the genuinering of the trae, devoted, self-denyingmissionary spirit, and the impressionmade on the audience was one tbat is sureto secure a deepened interest in the workof the mission in tbe years to come. Atthe close Mr. and Mrs. Kennedy received awarm shake of tbe hands and a heartyGod-speed from every one who was presentat the meeting. From beginning toend the meeting was one of tbe happiestand most successful tbat tbe CovenanterChurch in Scotland bas bad for manyyears.CHRIST IN THB PSALMS.*Airdrie.One of the leading objections to tbe exelusiveuse of the Psalras in worship istbat the narae of Jesus is not tbere. Thatis the objection of men wbo bave not readthem or have read tbem -with a veil ofprejudice over their eyes. Tbose whoseeyes are opened to see Jesus as the centralfigurein the Scripiures, can see Himin His personal beauty and in His marvellousrelationships to us as clearly in thePsalms as in other parts of tbe Old Testament.To thera His name is there.There is a slory told of a Scotch womanwho had lived in London for forty years,that she went one day to Mr. Spurgeonand asked to be taken into tbe membershipof bis congregation. Sbe was very loudin her complaints tbat hymn singing badbeen introduced into tbe Presbyterianchurches, and especially tbat her favoritepreachers, Donald Fraser and OswaldDykes, had fallen in with the innovation."But, my good woman," said Mr. Spurgeon,"we sing notbing but hymns in theTabernacle." "Tbat does na matter," wasber quick reply, "ye ken nae better." Tbereare many people using uninspired hymnsin worship both in the family and in pub­Uc, wbo are doing so because tbey "kennae better." And I for one am not ready,* Spoken at a purity of worship meeting during the /Sessionof Synod in Syracuse, iV. T., June, 1302, and published inOlive Tbuss at the reguest qf personal friends.

under tbe circumstances, to condemnthera.I believe, bowever, tbat no man of ordinaryintelligence wbo examines tbe argumentsin favor of tbe exclusive use of aninspired psalmody in worship, -vrith a receptivemind, will hesitate to admit,though perbaps unwilling to shut out uninspiredhymns altogether, tbat the BiblePsalms ought to bave a chief place in ourservice of song, because so admirablyadapted to express spiritual emotions.One Sabbath last October a Presbyterianminister and one of bis elders came into tbe 4 o'clock service in Second NewYork. At tbe close be was good enougbto express bis appreciation of tbe exercises,especially the singing. "But 0," said theelder, interrupting him, "that last song! Inever heard anything so fine." Tbat songwas three stanzas of tbe 63d Psalm, sungheartily to tbe popular air of Faith is theYictory:My soul, wait tbou on God alone :Because my bope is He;My only Saviour, Eock, High Tower;And moved I sball not be.In God alone my glory is.And my salvation sure;In God tbe Eock is of my strength.My refuge most secure.On Him, ye people, ever more,With confidence rely:Before Him pour ye out your beart;God is our refuge bigh.I do not wonder tbat minister wasmoved, as be bad never heard psahn-singingbefore, and the verses voiced his ownfeelings as a spiritually minded man, tbennearing tbe etemal world into wbicb behas since passed to unite witb the ransomedof tbe Lord in their unutterableMonographs. 309melodies before the Throne. I do notwonder when I find Paul linking the socialsinging of psalras, hymns and songsspiritual or of a heavenly origin, in oneinstance with being fllled with tbe Spiritand in anotber with letting the word ofChrist dwell in us.Whenever I hear a minister, as be startsout to comment on a psalm, say, witb tbeair of a new discoverer, "This is a MessianicPsalra;" I always remark, silentlyof course, "How in the world did you everfind that out?" To me they are all Messianic.If I could have twenty hours insteadof twenty minutes, it would be easyto show that they are all full of Christ andwere written to describe His person, character,offices and triumphs as the Headand representative of ransomed humanity,from the first, where Jesus is the blessedman who delights in tbe law of the Lord,to the 150th, where the whole creationbows loyally at His feet; and, as we sing,we have the same vision that John bad ontbe isle of Patmos and hear the samevoice that be heard: "Every creaturewhicb is in heaven and on the earth, andunder the earth, and sucb as are in tbesea, heard I saying. Blessing and bonorand glory and power be unto Him thatsitteth upon the tbrone and unto tbe Lambfor ever and ever."In tbese psalms Christ is set forth insuch a way as to give tbem special valueas tbe vehicles of our praise. Let mename four points, not waiting to illustratetbem at length:In tbe flrstplace, we sing of a completeSaviour. In the present day Cbrist is notpreached in His fulness. He is set fortbas a priest to atone for sin, and in sucb away tbat tbe impression is left on mentbat salvation is notbing more than deliverancefrom tbe penal consequences ofsin. I need not say tbat tbis aspect of Hiswork cannot be too earnestly insisted on.

310 Monographs.It is pivotal. His death as our surety cried in my heart, 'Lord, I do give up all,'and substitute eould not be more irapressivelydeclared than it is in the psalms.and," said she, "the wbole Christ came inand filled me with peace and joy, and IFor instance, in the 40tb and 69th, in have known little variation since." Letwhich, as the New Testament tells us. He the psalras have their true place in worshipis the speaker. He so closely identiflesand tbe gospel will be preached inHiraself with us as to say, "Mine iniquitieshave taken hold upon rae so that I araits purity and roundpd fulness.Again, we sing of our reliance on thenot able lo look up," and "0 God, Thou personal Christ. I cannot wait even toknowest ray foolishness; and ray sins are narae the eleven psalms that are whollynot hid frora Thee." While tbis is true, occupied with the idea of confldence in athe preaching is incomplete tbat does notalso set Him forth as a prophet to enlightenby His word and Spirit, and callmen to bow to His authority as King; andpersonal Saviour, nor can I tell how manyscores of times tbe word trust occurs in thePsalter, and even in songs wbere tbe termdoes not occur, that is the central tbought,in the psalras all His offices are proclaimed,as in the 131st:in sorae cases put side by sideI to the bills will lift mine eyes.that we raay understand tbeir trae relationship,as in the 110th, where He isFrom whence doth come mine aid.My safety cometh from the Lord,spoken of as a priest, but a priest uponWho heaven and earth had made,His throne, and in the 33d, where we seeHim suffering, then preaching, and lastly —lines that were sung at family worshipreceiving the fealty of the nations. You the morning David Livingstone left bomecannot divide Christ and you cannot for his life work in darkest Africa. Anddivide His work. The new Covenant bas I recall how the maiden martyr of Scotland,in view not only our justificaiion throughwhora, witb an elderly corapanion,His righteousness set to our account, the dragoons of Claverhouse fastened towhen we believe, but also our sanctificationstakes to be drowned by the incoming tidethrough holiness wrought in our of the muddy Solway, sang, deaf to everyhearts by the Holy Spiril sent fortb in tbeexercise of His Kingly authority, and sowe raust receive Hira in all His offices.You cannot separate the eross and thetaunt and every appeal to disloyally, evento the cry of the raother beart, "0, mybonnie Margaret, gie in and dinna breakray heart,"crown. Only a coraplete SaviourTo Thee I lift my soul;preached can raeet our needs, and0 Lord, I trust in Thee.only a coraplete Saviour receivedcan corafort our bearts. Jobn Milne Let the psalras bave their true place intells us of a woraan in Dundee who worship, and there will be no mistake aswas convinced of sin Ihrough the preachingto the way of being saved. The old wordof a visiting rainister from Perth, and trust makes clear the meaning of savingshe found no peace for fifteenyears. She faith. Evangelists would no longer bewas driven and tossed with fear until one heard saying to anxious inquirers, "BelieveSabbath she beard the sarae preacherthat Jesus died to save you and youagain, and at one point in his serraon, hecried out, "Give up all and get a wholeshall be saved," which is not true. I amnot saved by believing that Jesus died forfull Christ." She said, "That raoraent I me, but bv believing on Hira wbo died.

Converts would no longer be heard singing,"There is life for a loolc at the CrucifiedOne," which is not true. But their.song would -be:They looked to Hira and cheer received,Their faces were frora shame relieved;This poor man on tbe Lord did call;He heard and saved from sorrows all.If a raerchant says to me, "Mr. Sommerville,if you need $1,000 this summer forthe missions, you can look to me," I knowwhat be raeans. If I were to go to hisoffice and look at hira through tbe windowevery day for raonths, I would getnolhing, but if I go in and look to him, hewill hand me the money. If we would besaved we must trust in the loving, living,personal Christ, wholly, siraply and alone.That is the gospel teaching of the psalras.Once more, we sing of happiness incoraraunion with Cbrist. Forgivenessrestores tothe presence and favor ofGod,and we sing:0 blessed the raan is unto whomHave freely pardoned beenAll the transgressions he hatb done.And covered is his sin.This brings a desire for closer fellowship,and we sing, as we sit in our closets:Thy testiraonies wondrous are,, My soul thera keeps with care.The op'ning of Tby words gives light;Makes wise who siraple are.My mouth I also opened wideAnd panted earnestly:For after Thy commandraents I.Have longed exceedingly.And thinking of the hour and house ofprayer, we sing:Monographs. 311Blessed is the raan whora Tbou dostchoose.And bringest near to Thee,That he within Thy teraple courlsMay stUl a dweller be.We surely shall be satisfiedWith Thine abundant grace,And wilh the goodness of Thy house.Even of Thy holy place.With this sense of nearness coraes a consciousnessof safety, even in the raosttryingcircurastances, and we sing:Within Thy tabernacle IFor ever will abide;And under covert of Tby wingsWith confidence I'll hide.OrJehovah's angel caraping near.Hath rescued all who did Him fear.Tbe Lord is good; 0 taste and see'Who trusts in Him how blest is he!Then comes the end. The earth recedes,and, as we enter the valley, the light ofheaven throws the shadow of the livingChrist across it, and we sing:Because o.f this my heart is glad.And joy shall be expressedEven by my glpry; and ray fleshIn confidence shall rest.But as for rae, I Thine own faceIn righteousness will see;And .with Thy likeness, when I wake,I satisfied shall be.I .wait, my soul waits for the Lord—By hope in His own word upborne—Waits for the coming of the Lord,As weary watchers for the morn.

312 Monographs.A tourist tells us tbat once be and acompanion climbed the famous Snowdenin Wales. Tbe morning was unfavorable.Tbey started through mists and fogs, butafter an ascent of a few miles eame outinto beautiful sunshine. The top reacbed,they looked upwards to clear blue sky.They looked around and saw giant peakslifting their beads above the mists andstorras. They looked downwards, and tbeclouds they had passed through becamedarker and denser, and in a moment tbethunder boomed and lightnings flashedbeneath their feeti As tbey gazed upontbe rare and awful scene, be says, "A littlebird rose above tbe storm-cloud, and as ifglad to escape tbe region of storms andreach a sunny clime, it poured forth acarol of sweetest strains." This is an emblemof what Christ has done for us. Hefound us in the misty valley, and ledus through storm-clouds of sin into theclear sunshine of His own peace, and ourjoy is voiced in songs of praise.Finally, we sing of triumphant serviceunder the leadership of Cbrist. We sing,Tbe Lord reigneth—^Ibere is power on theTbrone; we sing. Say unto the heathenthe Lord reigneth—tbere are marchingorders; we sing of a host declaring theraessage—there is obedience; and we singof kings laying their crowns and treasuresat His feet—there is success. His naraeshall endure forever. Upon His beadshall tbe crown flourish. And there sballbe a new beaven and a new earth. Evenwhat men irreverently call tbe "cursingpsalms," 69tb and 109th, are full ofCbrist, and tbeir predictions are His utterances,not ours. As Moule says, "Theyare clouds, but let ns be sure that tbey belongto the cloud-land which gathers roundtbe Tbrone, and which only conceals, notwrecks, its immovable righteousness andlove" in tbe complete defeat of Hisenemies and tbe universal recognition ofHis mediatorial sovereignty. Looked atfrom a buman standpoint, Christianitymay seem to be flghting a losing battle,but viewed from, the Divine standpoint,victory is sure.To Jehovah shout aloud.Let the earth witb gladness ring;Break ye forth with mighty voice.Break ye fortb, rejoice and sing.Sea and all its fulness, roar;Earth and dwellers, lift the voice;Floods and rivers,clap your hands;Hills, with one accord, rejoice—Now before Jehovah all:For to judgment cometh He;Justly He the earth will judge.And the people uprightly.CHILDREN OP THE CHUECH.Instead of the fathers, God takes thechildren and makes tbem His witnesses.God said of Abraham: "I know bim, tbathe will command bis cbildren and hishousehold after him, and tbey sball keepthe way of the Lord, to do justice andjudgment." Moses commanded the childrenof Israel to write God's law on thelintels and door posts of their bouses, tohave it as frontlets between their eyes, totalk of it in the bouse and by the way, andto instruct their children in a knowledgeof it. David, tbe general, tbe king andtbe sweet singer of Israeh recognized thechUdren as the hope of the Cburch, andhis great soul was moved with compassionfor them."0, children, hither do you come and untome give ear,I sball you teacb to understand how yetbe Lord should fear."Tbe prophets looked forward to the

Monographs. 313giving of the Spirit, wbo would and catechisms, giving the outlines a'ndtnrn the hearts of tbe fathers to illustrations of the serraons of the day,the cbildren. Our Master was deeply interestedreading verse about in tbe Bible, listeningin the children. "Suffer the lit­to their father talk of tbe contendingstle children to come unto Me, and forbidthem not; for of such is tbe Kingdora ofof tbe martyrs and confessors of Jesus inforraer tiraes, and at last all joining inGod." The nearer tbe natural birth, tbe family worship. The Covenanters brougbtnearer tbe spiritual. It is easier for a these good old customs to Ameriea, andchild to accept of Cbrist than an adult. in many parts of our Churcb they are observedSolomon said: "Train up a cbild in theto-day, to the rooting and ground­way he sbould go, and wben he is old be ing of the cbildren in tbe Covenanterwill not depart from it." And the apostle faith. The Covenanter Cburch cannotPaul reaffirms tbis: "Ye fathers, provokenot your cbildren to wrath, but bring theraup in the nurture and admonition of theLord." A fearful responsibility rests uponlive unless the family altar is kept in goodrepair in all our homes, and the minds ofthe children are filled with tbe Psalmsand Bible and catechism and testimony ofparents. Many discourage and hinder the Cburch. Paul wrote to tbe Hebrews:their children instead of leading them "Therefore we ougbt to give tbe morekindly and gently into tbe Kingdom. eamest heed to the things that we baveThey talk do'wn tbe Cburch. They speak heard, lest by any means we sbould letslightingly of tbe principles of the Cburch. tbem slip." In the new version it is:They lead their cbildren to believe thatthe Church is to be shunned and the pastor"Lest haply we drift away from tbem."There is a drift in the Arctic region fromto be kept at a distance. As is to be expected,east to west across tbe North Pole. Explorersthey set the faces of their childrenaway from tbe Churcb. Tbe Master seemsto have had sucb in mind wben He said:from the west seeking the Pole findtbe drift of ice carries them away fastertban they can travel over tbe ice toward"Whosoever sball offend one of tbese little the Pole. There is a worldly drift tbatones, it were better for him that a millstonecarries the Church away from flrstprin­were banged about his neck and he ciples. Nothing but the undercurrent ofwere drowned in the depths of the sea."The Great Shepherd cares for the lambs.the Holy Gbost can overcome this drift.And this Divine current flows through tbeHe carries them in His bosom. He says: channels of revelation. In the Eevolution"Peed My lambs." From the days of JohnKnox the Church of Scotland has givenspecial attention to the children. Familyworship was observed in the bome morningand evening, in wbich tbe childrenSettlement of the Church of Scot­land in 1688, the Covenanter Church continuedanchored to the rock, and bas continuedso to this day. But tbe EstablishedCburch became worldly and mercenaryjoined regularly. Tbe children committed and ungodly. In 1843 the Eree Cburchthe Psalms and tbe catechism prepared came outi But they were so poisoned byby Knox, and later tbe Shorter and LargerCatechisms by tbe Westminster Assembly.The cbildren occupied the family pew -withtbe drug of carnality that deteriorationhas continued to this day. They lost thePsalms and the catechism and the familytheir parents at cburcb every Sabbatb day.altar. The children drifted away. ThisSabbath evening was spent at the flreeide,is also true of tbe Presbyierian cburcbesthe children reciting their Psalmsin Araerica. In 1859 God sent a provi-

314' Monographs.dential reproof to both the Scotch andAmerican churches for this neglect of tbechildren. Rev. Edward Payson Hamraond,D.D., was a theological studentfrom America in Edinburgh. A letter ofintroduction from Dr. Thomas H. Skinner,of New York, to Eev. Dr. W. LindsayAlexander, led to bis appointment as supplyfor the pulpit of Musselburgh whilepursuing his studies in tbe Free ChurchSerainary. A revival was the result. Itschief feature was the conversion of cbildrenfrora four to ten years of age. Thoselittle boys and girls had convictions of sinas inlelligent and genuine as adults. Theylooked to Jesus and His cross and criedfor pardon. They were pardoned in theblood of Christ. Their siraple faith intbeir Saviour and His cross was as realand intelligent as tbeir parents' faith.Tbey experienced the sarae joy that olderpeople do when their sins were pardoned.In the after raeetingsthese cbildren wouldpray fervently and touchingly. Theywould tell tbeir little corapanions whatthey had felt, and urge thera to corae toJesus and be saved frora tbeir sins. Dr.Alexander was alarmed. He went down toMusselburgh and preached. But he wouldnot slay for the after raeeting. In aspeech in Glasgow in May, 1860, he thusdescribes the affair: "Anotber tbing thatstrack me very much was the multitudeof young persons, of cbildren, who werein the raeeting, and who seeraed interestedin the work. I confess I had something ofan unbelieving slate of raind on that subject.Having never come in contact myselfwith anything of the kind, I franklyconfess I had not just the sarae cordialbelief in the conversion of very youngchildren as I have now. I happened toleave ray great coat in one of the sraallvestries. When I went to the door forit, I found it bolted. I was going toretire, when the door opened, and a verylittle girl appeared. I asked if there wasanybody in. Sbe said, 'Yes, sir.' Whispering,I said, 'I was going in for raygreat coat, but I will not disturb you; butwho is here?' She said, 'A wheen o' uslassies.' I said, 'I will not go in then;could you get rae my coat ?' She said, 'It'shere, sir, but I canna get up to 'ti' I wasgoing away, when she said, 'You mightcome in.' So I went in, and there I found(I forget exactly how many) little girls:upon their knees, and one of them wasengaged in prayer. Whether she hadoverhead us talking at the door, or supposedthat some person bad come in, Ido not know; but ber voice faltered, andshe concluded very quickly, so that Iscarcely heard ber. But directly she hadconcluded, another little girl began topray, and a very simple, very childlike,but very beautiful, prayer it was. I siood.listening to that child's prayer, and thetears started in my eyes as I listened. Icould not help it. I felt that I was reproved;that I had doubted the work ofGod in that particular, and now He hadbrought me face to face with the work itself.When sbe concluded ber little, simpleprayer, tbey all rose up, and veryabashed the poor little things looked whenthey saw I was standing in tbe midst ofthem."I began to talk to this little girl whohad been engaged in prayer, and I said toher, after I had reassured ber a little, 'WeUnow, I heard you thanking God for pardoningyour sins, and for tbe peace ofmind you have; I suppose you feel thatyou have been converted.' And she said,'Yes, sir,' with great quietness and greatassurance of raind. I said, 'Now, how didthat corae to pass? You did not alwaysthink of these things.' 'Oh, no!' sbe said,'I never cared about them at all.' 'Well,'I said, 'just tell me how it came to passthat you did come to eare about them.'

She said, 'I came to the meetings andattended tbem for awhile, but I did noteare much about wbat was going on. Onenight I went, wilb some otbers, into aroora. There were a good many womenthere, and some of tbem were greetin'about their sins. A lady was present whospoke to them, told tbem about tbeir sinsand told them how tbey were to get pardon; and,' sbe added, in her simple sort ofway, 'the tbought just came into my mindthat I was a sinner, too.' I said, 'And didyou go away with tbat thought?' 'Yes,'she repUed. I said, 'Did tbat grieve you ?'Looking up in my face witb a most earnestand striking expression, she said, 'Eb,sir, I was in an awfu' way!' In this stateshe continued for a good wbile. I asked,'How did you find peace of mind ?' 'Oh,sir,' sbe replied, 'it was something tbatMr. Hammond said wben be was preaching.'I asked, 'What gave you peace ofmind?' Turning on me again the saraeintense and earnest look, sbe exclairaed,'Oh, there is nothing can give peace ofmind to tbe sinner but the blood that wasshed on Calvary.' Now, I just put it toany experienced minister if sueh a statementdoes not show tbat tbis child knowsthe way of salvation, and if it does notafford evidence tbat sbe has experiencedtbe graee of God in truth. For my ownparti all my doubts and unbelieving suspicionswere gone."I may just mention, tbat as this talkwas going on, there was a little boy in tbecorner of tbe room, so little a fellow thathe had just emerged from tbe conditionof petticoats, and bad not reached tbedignity of a jacket, his whole costume beingin one piece from his neck to bis heels.He was standing in the corner of theroom and sobbing very hard. Tbe onlyidea tbat came into my mind was tbat thelittie fellow was sleepy, and tbat he wantedto go home, as it was now about 10Monographs. 315o'clock. I said to one of the girls thathe was wearied, and that some one badbetter take bim home. She said, 'Oh, no,sir; he is not wearied, he is greetin' abouthis sins.' I went to the little feUow and Ispoke to him; however, he was really pastspeaking to. He was in a state of greatdistress, whatever was the cause. I saidto on? of the girls, 'Perhaps you couldspeak to him betier than I could,' andshe replied, 'Well, yes, sir; I will speakto hira, but he does not belong to thisplace.' I said, 'Indeed!' 'No, puir fellow;be has walked all the way frae Prestonpansto-night.' Now this was a dark,-wintry night, and yet this little creaturehad walked by himself about four milesto get to tbe meeting. I asked about bimthe last time I was out. Tbis little girltold me tbat she believed he was going onin the rigbt way."Several persons went down to Musselburghfrom Edinburgh. Among them wasa female servant. She entered into conversationwitb one of the little girls, wboimmedialely began to preach Christ tober as the Saviour, to the uller amazementand astonishment of this woraan. Sbesaid to her, 'Lassie, where did you learnthis ?' After a Uttle while, the little girhto her still further astonishraent, said, 'Ifyou will kneel down, I will pray wilb you.'And to use the woraan's own words, 'Shejust drappit down on her knees, and Icould na but gang down too.' And thelittle girl prayed; and the woraan, stronglymoved, when they rose up, exclaimed,'Lassie, whaever learned you to pray?'The child's answer was, 'Nobody learnedme; I think the Lord just pits 't into me.'That was the means of tbat woman's conversion,and sbe is now one who gives evidenceof being really converted."Dr. Hamraond had intended to be araissionary to Bulgaria. But these children'sraeetingsdeterrained his life work.

316 Monographs.He held similar meetings in Brooklyn, in help loving Him; so I gave my beart toDr. Buddington's churcb. The superintendentHim, and have been a bappy little girlof the Sabbatb school was not a ever since, trying to get all my friends tobeliever in this work. Tbere were 2,000 come to Him; and now if you will bowpresent. Many cbildren were in tears. your bead, you too can come to Jesus andAfter returning bome the superintendent'swife said to her husband, 'My dear, I didnot see you at work in the inquiry meeting.be as bappy as I am.'"They did pray together, and oh, suchan earnest prayer! It was enough to meltThe cbildren were weeping for their tbe hardest heart. We botb stood andsins. Many more helpers were needed. I listened. Suddenly I saw my tall friend,am sure many expected you, being a superintendent,tbe superintendent, quivering like anwould be working among aspen leaf. That Uttle girl praying -withthose who were inquiring the way of life.' her friend was his daughter, wbo bad been'I bave no faith in this work among children,'he replied. 'I think tbat they weremerely weeping al sorae of tbe very touchingconverted since tbe flrst meeting, andwbile her father had been cavilUng abouttbe work, sbe had been leading souls tostories they bad heard. I do not be­Christ. He turned, and, seizing me bylieve they knew anything about tbe convictiontbe band, said, 'Can you forgive me ? Canof sin experimentally.' 'But you God forgive me ?'"would have believed so,' said his wife, 'ifyou had gone among the children as ITbe conclusion to wbicb a study of Dr.Hamraond's work for children leads is:did.' 'I bave no wish to do so,' was the Parents should seek the conversion ofreply. 'I do not believe in this way of their children in tbeir earliest years.doing things.' So be continued for tbreedays. We had long arguments togelher,and thougb he attended tbe meeting eachParents should hold themselves responsiblefor tbe leading of their cbildren toChrist. The Covenanter method of homeday, be seemed to grow severely censorious.instruction is the Scriptural one. TbeThere I was, a guest in his house, publie revival for children is God's rebukeand he all the tirae blind to tbe great workwhich God by His Holy Spirit was carryingon in the bearts of raany of tbe cbildrenand youths. About the fourth dayof the raeetings,as he was passing acrossfor tbe neglect of tbe parents at home.Out of tbe mouths of babes and sucklingsHe perfects praise.J. M. Foster.Boston, Mass.one comer of tbe inquiry meeting, downin the aisle rigbt before bim be found twolittle girls, one of tbem weeping bitterly.Said the weeping child to the other, 'Oh,PEOTBSTANTISM IN FEANCB.In 1806 there were for the whole ofFrance, excluding Alsace, 120 pastors inI am such a sinner, how ean God ever forgivethe reformed churches. Now there arerae?' 'I felt just so, too, last Mon­more than 1,200, ten times as many. Inday,' the other replied, 'but one of tbeChristians talked and prayed witb me, andthe Pas de Calais, during the last twelveyears, 1,500 rainers have been won frompointed me to Jesus; and as I myself Romanisra. In Dordogne tbere was, sixprayed to Him, He showed me His bleedinghands and wounded side, until I sawand felt that He had truly loved me andgiven Himself for me; and I could notyears ago, one Protestant comraunity;now there are flve. In tbe district of St.Aubin de Blaye as far down as 1890 tberewas not a Protestant congregation; now

Monographs. 317there are six, with numerous outposts, allforraed by conversions from RomanCatholicism. The region round Pons was,only five years since, entirely under theinfluence of tbe Roman clergy; now thereare four Evangelical congregations, withseven annexes, and the gospel is preacbedin more tban forty rillages.I could quote similar instances of suceessfulmission work in many other parts.Cherente in tbe west, Gers in tbe south.Lot and Haute Loire in tbe center ofFrance. In some cases tbe conversionshave taken place in numbers. In Marcilloc60 out of 100, in Le MonteU 70 outof 80 inhabitants, in Madranges from 300to 400 bave come out and joined theProtestant Cburcb.Now I do not wisb to lead you to believethat Prance will become Protestant in afew years, but tbat we are gaining gronndon Romanism tbere can, I think, be nodoubt.—C. Merle D'Aubigne.PSALM 130.*1. Distressed I to Jehovah cried.And He unto me replied.0 Jehovab, my soul freeFrom false lips of flattery.2. And from tongue of vile deceitGrant deliverance, I entreat.Wbat shall unto thee be given;Further done by wrathful beaven,3. 0 deceitful, lying tongue?Sharpened arrows of the strong.With the coals of burning broom.Hottest coals sball be thy doom!4. Woe betide me that I spendWretched years in Mesheck's land.That in Kedar's tents I fare 1Long the time my souFs dwelt there;*yersifled by B. J. Dodds, Mei sina, Turkey.5. Dwelt witb tbose who peace abbor.I'm for peace, but they're for war.If I utter but a word.Quick their beart to war is stirred.A TIMID WOMAN'S REWAED.In a revival meeting one evening, atimid old lady felt that she ougbt to speakto a couple of young men about theirsouls, but it was some time before sbecould find the courage to do it. She badbeen a church member from childhood andno one doubted her piety, but sbe was soreserved and quiet by nature that she instinctivelyshrank from doing anythingthat would bring her into tbe slightestprominence.Finally, however, sbe made tbe effort,and, with limbs almost sinking under her,sbe went to tbe young men and told themthey ought to be Christians, but she did itin sucb an odd and hesitating way thatbotb laughed in her face and made noreply. This so mortified her that she beganto cry and returned to ber seat, feelingtbat she would never again attemptto say a word to any one about beingsaved. Sbe would leave tbat work to thepreachers and others, who had gifts inthat way, she resolved.Now, it so happened that these twoyoung men were roommates, and late tbatnight one of tbem awakened and beardthe other give a groan that alarmed bim."What is the matter?" be asked, and theother replied:"I am disgusted with myself for theway in wbicb I treated tbat good old lady.It was a bard thing for ber to corae andspeak to us, and I bate myself for laughingin her face as I did. It wouldn't dofor anybody to behave in that way to mymother. She wanted to do me good andI sbould bave been civil to her at least."Tbe other young man assented to allthis, and was soon feeling as badly as bis

818 Monographs.friend. In a little wbile lhey were botbunder such deep conviction that tbey hadto get up and go to praying, kneelingdown with the bed between them, andbefore raorning both were soundly converted,as has been shown by tbeir livesever since.One of the two becarae a preacher andthe olher is to-day a prorainent raanufacturerin tbe town where be was converted.He is an active, earnest Cbristianworker, whose influence for good haslong been felt all over the county and beyond,and all tbrough tbe baiting effort ofthe tiraid woraan who was laughed at inber firstatterapt to say a word for Christat the prorapting of the Holy Spirit.—Epworth Herald.LOST HIS TEMPER.George III. once gave a bard bit at LordKenyon, one of the most uncomfortablenoblemen in tbe Englisb court. He cameinto the royal presence one day in greatexcitement, and seeing tbe surprise depictedon the face of tbe monarch, said inself-defense, "I have lost my temper."Tbe king was quick .at a repartee, and,without waiting for tbe explanation whichwas to follow, said: "I congratulate you.I hope you wiU find a better one; for yourold one was the worst I ever knew,"The courtiers laugbed, and even LordKenyon could not bold out against tbegeneral merriraent.The man had not really lost bis temper;be bad lost control of it. But tbe fact is,no man can handle the thing himself.But Cbrist can do it for bim. The tbingto be done is to give one's self, temper andall, to the Lord Jesus, and let Hini haveabsolule control of tbe being. If that isdone, then, really and truly, tbe temperwill be losti and tbe soul will constantlygrow in likeness to its Lord.—Messiah'sHerald.In return for the love which brought down the Son of Man from beaven, and whichled Him lo die for us on the cross, we cannot give Him holy Uves, for we are not holy;we cannot give Him pure souls, for our souls are not pure ; but this one thing we cangive, and this is what He asks—hearls that shall never cease from this day forward,tiU we reach the grave, to strive to be raore Uke Him, to root out from within us thesin that keeps us from Him. To such a battle I caU you inHis name. And even ifat the last day you shall not be able to show any other service, yet be sure tbat whenthousands of His saints go forth lo raeet Him and to show His triuraph, He will turn toembrace with arms of tenderness the poor penitent who has nothing to offer but alife spent in a never-ceasing struggle with himself, an unwearied battle with the faultsthat have laken possession of his soul.—Archbishop Temple.It is great encouragement in missionary work to know that every naiion is by rightof gift and inheritance our Lord's. He sold His all to purchase it, because His treasurewas buried here. It is ours to raake it His in/act It is always easy to work onthe line of the divine purpose. God never purposes ouiside what is practicable andpossible for man to realize. Apprehend the purpose of God, and without hesitationclaim its realization.—i^. B. Meyer.It cannot be that I was made so that my thirst should run to the river, and mycuriosity to the book, and ray friendship to ray friend, and yet that my soul shouldhold back and hesitate when it is offered the chance lo go to God.—Phillips Brooks.

Editorial Notes. 319EDITORIALNOTES.—Olive Trees requests its readers whohave not yet paid subscription for 1901and 1903 to remit tbe money as soon aspossible. Tbose who are in arrears formore than two years must bave an irapressionthat the printers and engraversof New l^oric work for nothing, or elsethat the publisher is on the Police Force.It is useless to reason -with thera. But allwho are interested in the raissionaryoperationsof the Church and wish to bear apart in sustaining and extending therasbould addressE. M. Sommerville,337 W. 56th St.,New York.—Ollve Trees acknowledges receipt offive dollars for Foreign Missions frora theL. M. Society of Alraonte congregation,through Mrs. J. S. Waddell, Blakeney,Ontario, Canada. Twenty-nine dollarsand sixteen cenls, tbe equivalent of £6sterling, bave also been received frora"Four Friends in Belfast," to support anorphan in Miss Cunninghara's school inSuadia, Syria. This raoney has beenpassed on to the Treasurer.—Since last report Olive Trees hasreceived the following contributions frorathe young woraen of tbe Church lowardthe salary of their missionary:Mrs. Bda S. B. McKee, Allegheny,Pa. $35.00Miss .Lizzie McNaughton, Mersina,Asia Minor 5.30Prom the ministers towards the salaryof their missionary for 1903:Eev. B. M. Sharp, McKeesporti Fa.$30.00—Through the courtesy of the secretaries,Olive Trees has received from theBoard of Araerican Coraraissioners, theBoard of the Presbyterian Church in theUnited States of Araerica, the Board ofthe Uniled Presbyterian Church of NorthAraerica, and the Baptist MissionaryUnion, reports of the foreign raissionarywork under their care during the year1901-2. ' Extracts frora these adrairablepapers will be found under "News of theChurches" in this and future issues. TheEeforraed Presbyterian Church needs toknow what is being done for the evangelizationof the worid by other denominationsof Christians, and the grand successwith which God is blessing theirefforts, that its raerabers raay be stimulatedto more self-denying service.—The Chrisiian Statesman comes to usas a monthly raagazine of thirty-twopages. Dr. David McAllister, of Pittsburg,Pa., an earnest and effective advocateof the cause it represents throughthe whole of his ministry, has made thepaper a free gift to the Nalional EeformAssociaiion, and it bas been placed incharge of Dr. T. P. Stevenson, of Philadelpbia,Pa., as Editor, and Dr. E. C.Wylie, of Wilkinsburg, Pa., as AssociateEditor and Business Manager, both favorablyknown in the Church as scholarlyministers of the New Testament, the centralidea in whose preaching is the MediatorialCrown of Jesus Christ. Itshould not be necessary to remind raerabersof the Eeforraed Presbyterian Churchof the basal principles of the National EeforraAssociation: The raoral characterand accountability of the nation, the authorityof the Lord Jesus Christ as tbeEuler of Nations, and the supreraacy ofHis raorallaws. But for the sake of someof our readers in other Christian dc-

320 Editorial Notes.nominations, we quote from a leaflet recentlyissued the special undertakings tbatat tbe present time are engaging its attention:1. Seeking positive raoral and Chrisliantraining in the public schools, in preparationfor the duties of citizenship. We laborto retain tbe Bible in the schools; to securethe reversal of decisions againsi it inmany cities and in sorae entire States, andto have tbe Ten Commandraents taught inall the schools as the foundation of goodcitizenship.3. The raaintenance of our Sabbathlaws, and the beiler observance of theLord's Day by tbe people. At the present,time the Association is organizing a combinedmoveraent of Christian forcestbroughout the nation to secure the abandonraentof the Sunday newspapers.3. The Christian reformation of ourlaws relating to marriage and divorce.4. The securing of suitable Christianacknowledgraents in State constitutionsand in our Nalional Constitution.5. Guarding the sacredness of the oatb,and the suppression of profanity.6. Proraoting the teraperance reforraand tbe suppression of the liquor traffic.7. The better observance of ThanksgivingDay and the acknowledgraent inThanksgiving proclamations of JesusChrisi as the only way of apprpach toGod.8. Securing right and Christian actiontoward our new possessions, such as PortoEico and the Philippines, especially in referenceto raoraleducation in the schools. •The Christian Statesman, costs only $1a year, and its appearance and contenisderaand a wide circulation. Write to Rev.Dr. R. C. Wylie, Room 608 PublicationBuilding, 309 Ninth St., Pittsburg, Pa.,inclosing a -dollar, and, if you can affordit, flftydollars for a life-raerabership inthe Association.—Mr. John A. Dodds, Beaver Falls,Pa., has sent Olive TreesThe Beginning and the End of theTithe System. Single copies, 3 cents;five or more at the rate of 3 cents.This is a curiosity in the literature ofChristian giving. If it does not begin, itcertainly ought to end all further discussionof the tithe systera. Tbe Scripturequotations are very instructive, buttheir application and several expressionsin tbe paper indicate that the autbor basnever studied tbe subject and consequentlydoes not clearly understand thelaw of the tithe. It is a painful illustrationof a raan going to the Bible, not tolearn the will of God, but to see if becannot find support there for a previouslyconceived opinion of bis own.We are glad, however, to tell our readerswhere the leaflet can be obtained andthe price. We bave learned to respect eventhe raistaken views of bretbren in mattersthat are not essential, believing tbat tbeSpirit of God directs us to be silent ratberthan discuss them into deeper perplexities.—The Fleraing H. Eevell Co., NewYork, Chicago, Toronto, has sent usMissionary Principles and Practices.Bobert E. Speer. Price, $1.50 net.The Bible in Brazil. Rev. H. C.Tucker. Price, $1.35 net.Topsy Turvey Land: Arabia Picturedfor Children. A. E. and S. M. Zwemer.Price, 75 cents net.Fuller notices of tbese volumes 'will appearin next issue.—The friends of Eev. N. E. Johnston,D.D., will please notice that bis addressis changed to 504 Lexington Avenue,Brooklyn, N. Y.—Olive Trees ought to be in everyfamily in the Church. Only 50 cents a year.

O L I V E T R E E SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary 'Work in the Reformed PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. NOVEMBER, 1902. 11.QUESTIONS OF T H E HOUR.WANTED: A RELIGION.*Sir Williani yicWorih Young.1 do not atterapt to enter into thosefundaraental principles which underlie allmission effort. I take it for granted thatwe are all one in holding that Christ laidit upon His Church to evangelize theworld. If I did not hold these raainpropositions, I .should not dare to standbefore you here to-day. Holding themdeep down in ray owm iniierraost convietion,I propose not to enlarge upon thera,but only to deal with sorae of those aspectsof raission work which have come beforeme in ray career in India as an officialand as a laypian.First, as regards the workers. Perraitme to say that I am proud of the serviceto which I belong. I believe that no country,no governraent, is better served thanis India in every departraent of its largemachinery. Noble have been many of thespirits who have worked for India in theofficial Une. But I take off my bat to thehumblest missionary that walks a bazaarin India, and that not raerelybecause hebelongs to a race in which are to be foundthe raost conspicuous instances of heroisraand self-sacrifice, such as Bishop French,ilaxweU Gordon, and Robert Clark (wilhall of whora I had the privilege of beingintimale), not merely because he is called*Spoken. at the one hundred and third anniversary of theGhurch Missionary Society. London.of God and has spiritual work to do, butlieeiuise he is leading a higher and agrander life and doing a grander workthan any other class of persons who areworking in India. If thc natives of Indiahave any practical knowledge of whatis meant by CHii-istian charity, if theykno-n' anything of high, disinterested raotivesand self-sacrifice, it is raainly-frorathe inissionary that they learn it. Thestrength of our ]iosilion in India dependsraore largely on the good will of the peoplethan upon the strength and nuraber of our .garrisons; and for that good will we arelargely indebted to the kindly, self-sacrificingefforts of the Christian missionary'in his dealings with the people, iloreover,since England sent out her daughters tominister to Indian women, the debt ofthe State to Cliristian missionaries hasbeen enormously increased. iVaiit ofsympathy between the rulers and the ruledis often said to lie the principal defect ofour administration in India. This wantof sympathy was very largely reraoved bythe utterances and the well-known sentiraentsof our late beloved Queen. Thenumber of English womeii who have goneforth, during the last twenty years especiaUy,have held up the most noble examplesof Christian charity and syrapathy.I ean recall the naraes of some few officialsin India of whora I could say that I wassure that they had the affection of our Indiansubjects; but I can raention the

322 Questions of the Hour.naraes, of many missionaries who are regardedwith supreme affection by the nativesof India. It is love which raust pavethe way for the regeneration of India, aswell as for the consolidation of England'spower. So the characier and conduct ofChristian raissionaries in India haveplaced the adrainistration under a debt ofdeep gratitude, and this should never befprgotten by those who axe unable fully toappreciate their. efforts in the caUse ofevangelization.Next, speaking as an Indian official, Idesire to bear ray testiraony to the valueof the services rendered by Cbristian missionariesin the cause of the bigher education.Standing in the position whicb itoccupies, the Government is precludedfrora preaching Christianity or from beingotherwise than strictly neutral in regardto institutions for which it is responsible.I ara not one of those who think that theBible could be taught in the Govemmentschools. I do not see how that could bedone otherwise than by the consent of theparents and guardians, or by an edict ofthe Government. The firstof these wouldbe hopeless of attainment. The secondwould be, as it seems to me, tbe employmentof compulsory autbority, which isutterly opposed both to Scripture and togood governraent. At the sarae time thespread, of purely secular education is aterrible alternative, and it has been felt assuch both by the Government and the people.Out of this dileraraa bas sprung thepolicy of encouraging and supporting denorainationalwork by grants-in-aid fromthe Governraent treasury, subject to thefulfillment of certain educational tests. Ibelieve this to be the right policy for India.The State is practically in no betterposition to teach education than it is toteach religion, and its policy is to withdrawfrom the higher education as far asmay be possible consistently with maintainingceriain standards of secular education.The, Christian missionary heresteps in and enables tbe Government tofulfill its policy. The schools and collegesofChristian. missionaries are to be found'in most of the large centers'throughoutIndia. The teaching wbicb is given inthera leaves nothing to be desired. Thepeople theraselves are well content to sendtheir children to the mission schools. Infact, they rather prefer them, partly becausethe standard of teaching is bigherand the staff of supervisors superior, butalso because there is moral and religioustraining given in those schools, and thenative of India knows perfectly well howto appreciate that. Instances may occurin which sectarian animosity makes itnecessary for the Government to establishan undenominational school next door toa raissionsehool; but I can assure you thatit is always witb tbe deepest reluctancethat anything of tbe kind is done. Theraission schools have turned out sorae ofour mosl valuable native officers. Theyhave set a standard which has been of incalculablevalue to the Department of-Education generally. It is, of course, opento all denoniinations to foUo-w in tbe stepsof the Christian raissionaries and to applyfor grants-in-aid, and Hindus and Mohararaedansbave done so to some extentrecently; but Christian missionaries werethe pioneers in tbis undertaking, and theystand far the firstin tbe fleld. For thiswork they are entitled to the deep gratitudeof the Administration. "Yes," soraeone will say, "this is all very well so faras regards education, but what about evangelization?Is the money whicb is beingcontributed for evahgelistic work beingspent upon education ?" They say: "Arethere converts made in tbese schools andtbese colleges ? If not, how do you justifytheir existence ?" That is a perfectly reasonablequestion, and one which bas been

Questions of the Hour. 323asked over and over again, and I believe ing an idea how to approach Hira.that I may say fully answered. At the "Wanted: a religion!" is the cry of thissame time it has to be faced again andagain, botb on account of tbe conscientiousscruples and opinions of tbose who raisethe question, and because of tbe supremelarge multitude; and as education extendsand permeates our vast agricultural comraunity,who at present are content to reraain'in ignorance and orthodoxy, the ferraentimportance of using money subscribed forwill be increased a thousandfold.the extension of Christ's kingdom lo tbe "What will the end of it be ?" is the questionbest advantage possible.tbat is asked all round. Yes, whatTo find the answer we must look at the will the end of it be? We know whathistory of educational development in Indiagenerally, and at its effect upon thethe end of it is to be. The Kingdom ofChrist is to be uplifted in India asancient creeds, wbicb is now making itself throughout the whole world. But meanwhilefelt. Hinduism, it bas oflen been said, iswhat are we doing? How can wesick unto death, and as regards tbe educatedHindu and orthodox Hinduism thisis true. I am well acquainted wilh a verylarge number of educated Hindus throughbestminister to this great raoveraent?How can we best take advantage of thesegreat crises and introduce the leaven ofChristianity into the ferment which is going, out the Punjab, and I do not think thaton among the educated classes ? TheI should do wrong to the feelings of anyone of thera if I were to say tbat not oneof tbem is a believer in Hinduisra. Theywork whicb is being done in the raissionschools and colleges supplies an answer,and I believe a raost iraportant answer,are certainly not believers in orthodox to this raOst raoraentous question. InHinduism. Tbe naraes of the Hindu gods every such school the Bible is daily taugbtare less to them than tbe naraes of those and explained. When they leave thegreat reformers who bave led raoveraentswithin their bodies. Tbey have not actuallyabandoned either caste or the purdahschools the youths all have a thorougbknowledge of Bible truth, and in raanycases tbey are well disposed toward it.system; bul I know that they will be quite The whole thing is corapletely aboveboard.{ready to give them up as soon as othersThe parents know perfectly wellshow them the way, and that they areperfectly well aware tbat botb of tbesebadges of bondage are doomed and musteventually become extinct. I bad thoughtwhat their children are being taught; but,as I have said before, they prefer theraission schools to the Govemraent schools.There is not rauch apprehension lest theof saying a few words about the Brabraoyouths should be converted. The naliveSoma"j, the Arya Somaj, and tiie Mohammedanmovements, hut I can only sum uphas an idea that he can always interveneat the last moraent when baptisra is contemplated,and prevent tbat d/nouement;whal I wished to say in regard to tboseand as long as there is no outward change:'movements by teUing you tbat there arehundreds, and even thousands, of educatedin the position and the status of his son,the parent does nol care how much oryouths who are being turned out frombow little he learns of Christianity. Itschools and colleges—not only the missionis by means of the missionary institutions,colleges—with tbeir ancient faiths shaken,in most of the iraportant centers of India,that,the leaven of Christianity is be­and their minds quickened and ready toreceive tbe truth; beUeving, I think, almostuniversally in one God, but noting introduced into tbe education of thehav­

.•52-1:Questions of the Hour.tional work—ljt'c-iu.se they have been thcsubjects which have corae principally beforerae in my official position; but Iwould not be understood as placing themfirst among- the agencies in mission work.The simple preaching of the gospel ofChrist b}^ persons -svhose lives are ruledthereby raust ever be the highest and raostspiritual forra of Christian labor, ilayGod greatly increase the nuinber of evangelists,both English and Indian, and especiallythe latter! I have indieated thatthere is abundant scope for the less giftedto render faithful seiwice to their ilaster.All enorraous number of persons of positiongo out every year to India to examuie;its .systems, its raees, and its antiquities, tokill its tigers and to scale its mountains.Can there not be found an array of welleducatedand intelligent and Christianmindedpeople to take up this work in In­rising generation. It is the only Christianinfiuence perraeatiiig this great awakeningof India which operates frora wdthin; andits value is simply incalculable. Seventytwoyears ago that prince of missionaries.Dr. Duff, initiated the policy of employingeducation as an evangelizing agency; andhe prophesied that the ancient faiths ofIndia would be exploded by its means.The prophetic vision is well-nigh fulfilled.Another great Scotsman, Dr. ililler, ofiladras, has reeently indicated—morepowerfully, I think, than any one else—the value of raission schools and collegesas auxiliary agencies for turning the currentof educated thought in the direetionof Christianity. And my owm experiencein relation to 'the schools and colleges ofthe North amply corroborates this yiew.We have been behind our Scotch and,American brethren in this depari'ment ofraissionary work; and I shall be deeply dia?Lhankf ul if any words of raine should lendsome irapetus to the educational w^ork ofthe Church ilissionary Soeiety.I have touched on these two matters—the lives of missionaries and tlieir educa­When the English Church and nationfully rise to their responsibility inthis matter, we shall have no more minorchords in our mission reports; but greatwill be the company of the preachers, andGod's treasury will be full to overfiowing.At a raeeting in Calcutta a distinguished native Christian said, "The greatestgood has been done to India by Chrislian missions, and the people of this countryowe a deep debt of gratitude to niissionaries and missionary societies." In onemission a Hindu gentlemau was impressed with the fact that the Christians, who areadmittedly the poorest and lowest class in the country, are, in spite of famine,opposition, and even perseculion, increasing iu numbers and influence. He couldonly explain this on the ground of the high moral teaching and the goodness ofwhich Christianity is the expression. Similarly in another raission a Mohammedan;magistrate testified that Christianity is the only religion which can raise up the poorpeople of the districti He said, " Hinduism is useless for this. Though I am partialto Mohamniedanism, lhal religion can not raise tiicm. This can be done only byChrislianily."—Missionary Intelligencer.To be a Christian is nol merely lo save one's own soul, but to discharge one's dulylo the world ; it is to be part of an organisra with which we suffer and wilh which wetriumph; it is to be an adherent of a great cause, and to prove loyal to a divineleader.—James Stalker, D. D.

News of the Churches. ?25N E W S OF T H E CHURCHES.ABROAD.Latakia, Syria.—Under date of Oet.3, Miss Maggie B. Edgar writes:Our schools have . begun work, andare . falling into the usual routine.A few stragglers aniong the pupilsare not in yet, prevented by sicknesschiefly., iliss Wylie opened the girls'school on Thursday, Sept. 18, and Iopened the boys' school on Tuesday, the22d. As it -was the 6tli of Septeraber be-., fore I reacbed horae, it hurried rae sorae-. what to get provisions laid in and cleaningdone by that lirae. Bul the children wereirapatient, sorae seeraing hardly able lowait lill the appointed day, and came beforeI was ready for them; so it seemed•best nol to delay resuraing work anylonger. We have tbe usual nuraber ofpupils, and the people who were disappointedare as raany as those whose childrenwere received. II is distressing workhaving to refuse so raany children. * * *The fortunate ones have begun theirstudies in good spirits, and raost of theraseera in better health than is usual at theend' of the sumraer. * * * Although theschools are closed two raonths or raore-inthe suraraer, the raissionaries do not getmueh real vacation. There are always re-'pairs and cleaning and odds and ends ofwork to be attended to, that cannot bedone in school lime, and cares and responsibiUtiestbat never lift. I doubl whetherthere is a missionary in the Cyprus, Mersinaor Syrian field who has had a realvacation from work this suraraer exceptmyself, and I got it only by leaving thecountry altogether for a little while.This week we have bad the pleasure ofthe presence of Mrs. John Crawford andMrs. Stewart Crawford, of Daraascus.They are Miss Wylie's guests, but we allshare the pleasure of their company, ilrs.Stewart Crawford has not been here sincejust after her marriage. She is warralywelcoraed by our people, who knew herwhen she was our associate here..Mersina. Asia Minor.—A letter froraRev. E. J. Dodds says:The weather is now intensely hot andthe heat is increased by great firesin theraountains.I have a number of invitations from theFeUaheen to visit their villages, and Ihope to do so as soon as the extrerae heatpasses. I had reeently a visit frora a distinguishedsheikh in Tarsus, and a visitfrora three young sheikhs—two frora KoraJallas, and one frora Kozon Lee, where heis teaching, but his borae is in Adana.Two of our teachers kindly helped raeentertainthem. We spent the time in religiousconversation, and did our best toinstruct thera.- One of these young raenis chief of his village. His brother. SheikhIbrahira,.had made rae a visit a short tiraebefore. He has since been laken aw^ay formilitary service.The schools are in full blast. The attendanceis consequently increased at ourreligious meetings—e. g., last Sabbaththere were 167 in Sabbath school.There is alraost a faraine this year inboth Tarsus and Adana, especially the latterplace. It is very hard on our work.ilany poor people fiee away frora hungerwith little hope of bettering their condition,and even if they find bread to eatelsewhere, they have to undergo persecutionfrora the Mosleras.This suraraer I had a nuraber of friendlyarguraents with the Eussian postraasterof Mersina. He is caUed a Protestant but

826 News of the Churches.is quite an infidel in bis views. He is offfor a four raonths'vacation now. He wentaway professing to be somewhat shaken inbis views. He promises on bis retum toexaraine the evidences of Christianitymore carefully.Writing Oct. 2, Mr. Dodds says:We had a day school and a Sabbatbschool and a prayer raeeting all regularlyconducted this suraraer in Guzne, underdireclion of our teacher and evangelist,Machail Leuttoof. Meetings were well attended.After the opening of the schoolsbere in Mersina, Machail being here forhis work in conneclion therewith, his wife,the first Sabbath, collected the school childrenand taught thera. After that theneighbors, several families, gathered everyevening and every Sabbatb day forprayers. An old man, Iskander Lotobanijread tbe chapters, and our watchman andcaretaker of the place, Simaan Koja, amember of tbe Suadia Mission, prayed.This shows the infiuence of a good earnestwoman.Two days later Mr. Dodds writes:Eev. S. H. Kennedy and his wife arrivedhere this raorning, relurning totheir field. They are to take up work inAlexandretta. Mr. Kennedy looks welland has evidently been much benefited bybis vacation.This morning I bad the pleasure ofmeeting a number of friends in a tailorshop—Maronites they were. We had agood conversation on the subject of purgatoryand the forgiveness of sins. A fewdays ago I niet witb sorae of the brethrenin the home of one of our merabers. Itwas by appoinlraent to see if anythingcould be done toward araeliorating thecondition of sorae of tbe poor. We had aScripture reading and prayer; one of theneighbors carae in to the worship.Yusuf Balar, speaking of tbe effects ofthe gospel, said: "Since my conversionI find myself changed in many respectsand unable to do many things which I formerlyregarded as indifferent." He said:"My eraployer said to rae some- days ag'o,'You will neitber work nor receive wageson the Sabbath day; one would think youhad joined tbe congregation' (meaningthe Protestant congregation), and I toldhim I bad."know them.""By their fruits ye shallC'yprus.—The British and PoreignBible Society has tbe following referenceto our work in its report for tbe yearended March, 1902:In this island our circulation bas'morethan doubled, compared with tbe retumsfor 1900—the sales being 721 copies ineleven languages, of wbicb 507 were inGreek. This gratifying result is chieflydue to tbe colportage under tbe superintendenceof tbe Eev. Henry Easson, ofthe American Eeformed PresbyterianMission. His two colporteurs, for whosesupport the Mission receives an annualsubsidy of £50 from tbe B. F. B. S., circulated589 copies, against 250 in 1900.Tbe remaining 133 voluraes were soldpartly lo the Mission for ils own use andpartly from tbe depot at Larnaca, thecharges for whicb are also largely defrayedby our Society.In so illiterate a land as Cypras, wberemerchants, raonks, and village priests areoften unable to read, we cannot expect tosee a large number of Scripiures purchased,and it becomes an iraportant partof a colporteur's duties, among sucb apopulalion, lo read the Scriptures to tbem.As a rule, Mr. Easson's colporteurs foundtbe people friendly and attentive both inthe cities and villages, though now andtben opposition occurs, and, in some cases,is even instigated by Greek priests. On

News of ihe Churches. 827,the otber band a Cypriote chief called ajneeting of villagers to bear the Scripturesread and explained; wbile olhers,turning, a deaf ear;to their priests,, haveespoused, the cause of tbe colporteur, andhave insisted on a fair hearing for hismessage. In this way, last year, the goodnews of Jesus Christ has been broughtnear to several tbousand persons in over ahundred villages. It is the general impressionof the colporteurs that "the commonpeople like to listen to the gospel, andacknowledge that they do not live as it requires."Tbey are hearers but not doersof tbe Word.On returning to Latakia Miss Edgarwas at Cyprus a few hours. She says:This was my first opportunity of seeinganything of our Cyprus work and ofcourse I only bad a glimpse. Dr. Mooreis bring tbis year in tbe town, and quiteconvenient to the sea. Here be basgathered tbe scbool and his dispensary andhis dwelling all in one building. OtherwiseI should think he could hardly havemanaged the work alone. Dr. and Mrs.Moore drove out with me to see tbe newchurch. I think it just as neat and convenienta building as can be. Tbat littlechurcb stands for a good deal in Cyprus.I hope there will always be sorae one topreach the Word of Life witbin its walls.It is a great pity there is no one readyto take care of the work in Cypras whenDr. Moore leaves for bis furiougb. It wUlsurely be a great disadvantage to the workfor the island to be left without a missionary.China.—A cable, received Saturday,Octi 35, announced the safe arrival of ourmissionaries. Rev. and Mrs. J. K. Robband Dr. and Mrs. J. M. WrigM, at HongKong. As a letter dated Oct. 3 reportedthem within a few hours of Honolulu,they must bave bad a prosperous voyage.The Presbyterian Missions in Manchuria,now uniled under the direction ofthe Irish Presbyterian and the UnitedFree Cburcb of Scotland, give the followingstatistics of tbe native churcb for1901: "Chinese pastors, 2; elders, 37;preaching chapels,! 37; churches, 30;places of prayer, 102; Christians who didnot recant in time of persecution, 6,639;wbo recanted, but have been received back,3,300; inquirers under instruction, 1,025,the total being thus 9,939 baptized Christiansand 1,035 inquirers. Baptisms duringthe year numbered 137—^36 beingraen, 13 woraen, and 78 infants. Tbereare 37 Cbristian schools, and cburcb collectionsaraounted to $3,333.43 silver.""It is to the honor of the Chinese Christians,"says the official report, "tbat aftera; severe persecution, in which some losttbeir lives and raany had to fleefor safety,while fines were levied frora even thosewho recanted, and marriageable girls werekidnapped, so many have reraained steadfast,and so many more have sought readmissioninto the Cburch, professingpenitence for. baving denied tbe faitb.Others are probably still waiting until itseems safe for them again to make openprofession of their faitb."When news came frora Ichang last yearof men coraing in crowds to be baptized,wben within a few raonths nearly 400were received and tbe nuraber of theChurch was doubled, raany thought thatafter the tidal wave would corae a suddenebb. Some feared, fear still, that the recedingwater might drag back part of themultiiude that was being saved. Butthose tbat watch tbe tide mark no fall. Itstill fiows. Again Mr. Deans writes of hisvisits to the country round about Ichang,and tells that in tbe three months of

328 News of the Churches.March, April and ilay, 126 Chinese havebeen baptized into the narae of ChristOf these, 100 are raen.ilr. Deans tells in his last letter of sailingdown the Eiver Yangtse frora Ichangto eall at five towms on the bank. "Everywherethe gospel is spreading like wildfire.Wherever there is a Christiau thereis a center of a growing church. At Itoo,thirty railes dowm the river frora Ichang,I had an exaraination of inquirers, whow^ere not only dwellers in Itoo, but caraealso frora three villages around. Downthe river we sailed, and after fifteen railes,as wc approached Tsi-kiaiig, we saw theChristians and inquirers—there are ninety-twoinquirers—waiting to receive us.In the evening, after a walk of about amile through streets and lanes, I reachedthe house of a Christian farraer, wherewe had a most encouraging nieeting, about100 being present."Still along the Yangtse five miles wecame to a busy raarket town, Yaiigki byname. Crowds lined the river bank to seethe foreigner. I had mrer been here before;but here were a few Chinese Christians,and here were eighty-two seeking tobe joined to the Chureh."From that place we went fifteen railesup a tributary of the Yangtse to Singtsi.When we mel in the evening there wassuch a crowd inside and such a throng outsidethat I feared the front of the buildingwould collapse with the pressure of theswaying multitude. So great was theclamor of those outside seeking to get in tolisten that I found it hard to make myselfheard at all. But the house stood fast andthe people did hear."—Life and Work.A missionary of the London Societythus explains the recent disturbances inNorth China,:The levying of the indemnity tax wasthe offieial explanation of the disturbances.but the corruption and incapacity of theofficials were the real cause. From whatI can gather, the officials have in soraecases been raaking as rauch as 70 or 80 pereent. for their owm pockets in the naraeof the "foreign inderanity.'' It is not tobe wondered at that a people already oppressedalraost to the limit of huraan endurance—evenChinese endurance—whensqueezed like this in the narae of the foreigner,protest ill the only way they knowhow. Such troubles raay occur again, anywhere,so long as the people are so absolutetyat the raercy of the officials. Itwill take a long tirae for "New China" togain the ascendancy; raeantirae we rauslpress forward with our work, so that theChristian element raay have a large infiuencein the developraent of the eountry.Whatever raay corae of thera, the opportunitiesnow before us are certainly suchas never occurred before. The only questionis—Will the home churches proveequal to the demands thus made on themfForeigners are pouring into China, benton raaking fortunes out of her great raineralwealth and other resources. WUl notthe Church of Cbrist rescue China's other"precious stones"—the jewels for whichHe died?Japan.—The following iteras are takenfrora the Eeport of the Araerican Baptistilissionary Union for 1902 : Under ilscare are 8 stations, 53 ijiissionaries, 30churches, 2,213 raerabers, 328 added onconfession of faith. All the stateraentsfrora the missionaries are bright with]iroinise of success. The one feature ofthe work, which has attracted world-wideattention is the continuance of the revivalraoveraent whicb began a year ago, calledby the Japanese "Taikyo Dendo." Itsprang frora the people theraselves ratherthan from the raissionaries. The HolySpirit raoved the Japanese to give thera-

News of the Churches. 329selves to prayer for their own country and the year closes. Who is there who doesits unsaved millions. They adopted two not feel particularly humiliated on thismottoes, which give a fitting index to the particular day? Who is there that canspirit and results of the moveraent: "Ourland for Christ," and "Not by might, norby power, but by ily Spirit, saith thelook backward over the closing year witbpride and satisfaction? Did we carry intoeffect even a thousandth ^part of many aLord.'' In this spirit they rallied their good resolve we made at the beginning ofmerabership, raarched in procession to the year ? How far did we fulfill our dutytheir various places of raeeting for prayer to God and fellowmen? Oh, the unendurableand preaching, and the result has been aweight of shame! But let us nolspiritual awakening among Christians of indulge in these idle meditations. It isall denominations.useless to brood oyer the past, regrettingIn his statement to the Union, Dr. Bennett,over -ndiat ean never be recovered. Betierof Yokohama, says that it is nol pos­let us be up and doing! If we eould notsible by statistics to give any idea of the do what we had hoped to do in the closingwork accomplished. He notes, however, vear, let us endeavor to do it in the coraingthe estimate of the coraraittee "that theyear.Tirae is fleeting, andtotal nuraber of those who at the raeetingsgave in their naraes as inquirers orconverts, would be approxiraately 30,000for all Japan; and, even if we cut thisdown by half, we still baVe a grand totalwith the close of the year we are a stepnearer to the throne of God, before Whomwe must give account of what we havedone ill this world for truth and huraanity."of 10,000 souls wilhin this one j'-ear earnestlypressing their way, often tbrough Africa.—The following iteras are taken• difficulties we foreigners can hardly appreciate,frora the American Baptist ilissionaryinto the Kingdora of God, while Union's report: Under its care are 7many of them are already feasting on the stations, 34 inissionaries, 8 churches, 3,099good things of tbe kingdom."raerabers, 613 added on confession ofDr. Bennett further reports that it is faith. Speaking of the work at Banzasafe to say there never were before somany Bible readers in the country, and itis probably equally safe to say there neverilanteke, an iraportant station in the CongoFree State, Eev. H. Richards says thatthe regular ineetings have been well attended.was before so much Bible study on theWe hold union and coraraunionpart of Bible readers. He also estimates services twice a raonth, and at thesethat over 11,000 students listened to ilr.John E. Mott, secretary of the World'sgatherings there have been very large congregations,taxing all our accoraraodation.Student Christian Federation, and that These are tiraes of work, blessing andperhaps 1,500 expressed a deep interest in praise, and are enjoyed by all. ilanythe raatter of personal religion. Then, to raerabers have to leave their homes on Saturdayto be in tirae for the Sabbath ser­show that tbe attitude of tbe secular presstoward Christianity is gradually changingvice. There was a net increase of 201,or has changed for the better, he quotesthe following paragraph frora an edUorialraaking a present raerabership of 1.641.ilr. Thoraas HiU, writing frora Lukunga,wdiere there is a merabership ofin the Yoraza Choho, one of the raostlargely circulated dailies, and printed at-J .57, an increase of 174 on confession ofthe great capital of the nation: "To-dayfaith during the year, gives the following

330 News of the Churches.items of, special interest as indicating thepower of the gospel: Early in the yearone of the Slate native chiefs so persecutedone village that wanted to hear thegospel that they were afraid to listen tothe good news, but the Lord brought theword to the chief's own household, andrewairded him by converting bis son. AtKinsadi many of the people have tumedfrora idols to serve the living and traeGod, and to wait for His Son frorabeaven. They brought tbeir idols andthrew thera at the feet of the teacher, say-ving: "We have no further use for them,and we want to worship God." AtMbanza Nsanda a convert took his fetishesfrom his neck, destroyed and threw themaway before the people, who had assembledto hear the Word.The Board of Foreign Missions of thePresbyterian Churcb in the U. S. A. for1902 gives us the following iteras: Thereare 6 stations in West Africa: Baraka, onthe Gaboon Eiver near the equator andten railes frora the sea; Benito and Balanga,92 and 170 miles north of Gaboon;Bfulen, 70 railes southeast of Batanga;Elat, 75 railes east of Bfulen, and Lolodorf,90 railesnortheast of Batanga, andheadquarters of the German Governmentin the Nguraba country. Full statisticsare not given, bul at all these stations tbework seeras to have been carried on in allits departments witb some encouragingfeatures. The special effort, however, thatwas begun a few years ago to reach tbedwarfs will not be continued. Miss MargaretMacLean, of Glasgow, who bad generouslyborne the expense for six years,baving decided to -withdraw her support,as there is no proraise of such an extensiveorganized effort araong those people aswas hoped at one tirae. According to tbereport, these little people, being very shyand raigratory,seek their abodes in out-oftbe-wayplaces off the raain highways, andusually take a very speedy departure ontbe approach of a stranger. On one occasion,however, they received Eev. MelvinFrazer, who carae upon a village'of theraon one of his itinerating trips, and allowedhira lo preach, flxing a seat for hira on apile of sticks. There were fifty-four inall. They seemed lo have little idea ofGod, but were rauch interested in the storyof Zaccheus, the little man who, climbeda tree lo see Jesus. There were manyehildren among thera. They all seeraedirapressionable and responsive, had a kindlybearing, and seeraed clannish and fondof each other. Aside from this encounter,very little was accomplished for the dwarfsduring the year, as the fewness of theworkers has prevented that constantitineration which is necessary in order toflnd thera, and even tben they are by noraeans easy to flnd.The war in French Congo hindered theadvance of raissionary work last year, andtbere were not so many converts as werehoped for from the number of catechu--'mens. Nevertheless, there bave been seventy-twoadult baptisms in tbe year and269 new calechuraens received for instruction.These figuresalone, for such a year,show what deep roots the work is strikingin the hearls of this people. "Our catechistsand teachers have not all been equalto the difficulties of their task. Many showTassitude, and tbe struggle is nol over betweentbe desire of gain and the consciousnessof the call of God and duty. But weshould be ungrateful if we said notbing ofthe encouragements wbicb we bave received.If raany bave fallen, many havestood firm, and it has been proved to ushow deeply tbe gospel has already penetratedthe mass of tbe people wbom wereach along the river. Our work now isto instruct our converts betier, to develop

Neios of the Churches. 331them intellectually and spiritually."- for the Malagasy, before they begin theirJournal des Missions Evangeliques. day's work. It is very encouraging to findthe churches, so early in the morning,Madagascar.—TAe Chronicle of the often alraost filledwith attentive worship-London Society contains the following re- pers. Our pastors are out alraost daily atport from one of the Norwegian raission- such raeetings,often al two places everyaries at work on tbat island: raorning; and by the tirae lhey have break-Never since we began our work in Mad- fast and rested a lillie, tbey have to goagascar has our labor bad sucb glad re- out again to candidates' classes, to visitingsuit as now. The people flock lo hear the sick, or to the schools. A pastor saidthe message of God as tbey never did be- to me one day: "A little while ago wefore; it is not only on Sabbaths tbal they were so glad when we had three or fourgather in tbe churches, bul once or many candidates for baptism in each church;times in tbe week; there are even places now it looks as thougb all would becoraewhere lhey meet every day for worship in Christians, if we only had enough teachersthe churches, generally in tbe morning competent to instruct tbem."from six to seven, which is the best timeIn all tbe world there are 558 foreign raissionsocieties and 18,000 workers on thefleld. Thereare 1,500,000 communicants and 4,500,000 adherents. Twenty milliondollars is spent annually for this work. These statislics are given in round numbers.So rapid are the changes in this work that the latest statistics need revision by thetime they leave thepress. Yet there are stiU about 1,000,000,000 heathen in tbeworld to-day. You say the above is a small showing. Apparentiy it may be. Butthe work of foreign missions is not to be judged simply by the converts made. Theleaven is at work. The influence of Christian life and teaching is a sUent force, butit is doing wonders to overthrow hoary systems of error. The pervading influenceof Christian schools; the circulation of Christian literature; the 350,000,000 copies ofScripture in reacb of 500,000,000 heathen; the persuasive power oftbe rainistry ofhealing, by raeans of which the heart is opened for the gospel by giving relief to tbesuffering body; and, above all, the almighty, pervasive power of the Holy Ghost,working in and through all these means, constitute a force the potency of which issimply incalculable.—Revieio of Missions.The Journal of tbe Austrian Evangelical Church, the organ of tbe "Los von Rom "movement, states tbat the number of conversions to the Evangelical Church in 1901was more than 6,000, while in the previous year it was 4,516. During the four yearsin which this movement has been going on, the nuraber of converts in Austria alone,without taking into account the sirailar movement in Hungary, has amounted to morethan 21,000. In 1901 thirty-eight evangeUcal churches and stations were founded,thirteen of which were in Lower Austria, Styria, Carinthia, and the Tyrol, provinceswbich bave hitherto been known as citadels of Catholicism.—// JBollettino della Ghiesa Valdese.Whoever goes to preach the unsearchable riches of Christ among the heathen,goes on a warfare whicb requires all prayer and supplication to keep bis armorbricht.—Dr. Moffat.

332 Neios oj the Churches.AT HOMEThe Corresponding Secretary was instructedto write a letter of sympathy toAllegheny, Pa.—Attention is called the parents of iliss Blanche George, wdioto the following items from Central has died since her resignation as a teacherBoard:was received. Miss George was a consecratedFinancial Statement—On hand Expendi- On hand and successful worker in the ilis­sion. To the very last she raanifested aSept. 1,1902. Receipts, tures. Oot. 1,1902. deep interest in il. To her il was a soreDomeslic Mission $114,.»7 $81.37 $198.74 cross that failing health prevented herSonthern Mission 1,98'>.47 S2.35 $151.66 1,866.1Breturning in the fall.Selm-H.KuildiDgPund 4158 50 S28,9fi 24 72 782.74J-ntZia-n ilf ission.—Miss Lilly McKnight,ChiiifS.. Miasion 415.14 2,60 10,00 407.66.Jewish Mission 62.38 185.66 50,00 I98.li4 of Geneva congregation, has been appointedSnstentation 216 77 22 66 289 43to this Mission. Friends have ar­Overdrawnranged to defray all the expense, thus increasingthe force wdthout any additionalSept. 1,1902.Indian Mission 142.63 730.69 116,66 471.40Domestic.—The most satisfactory reportsfrora the clerks of Presbyteries ever scholars is 46. At the preaching serviceoutlay by the Church. The attendance ofreceived, were those forwarded to theBoard and read at the raeeting on thethird Wednesday of Oetober. The newblanks answer the purpose intended. Onlythree congregations, one settled and twounsettled, failed to report to the clerks oftheir Presbyteries. Distribution ofaraounts reported earned was raade.Southern Mission.—On account of thedeath of the owner, the property adjoiningthat of the Mission cannot now be had.Another opposite can be bought. It islarger and well suited for our purpose. Itwill cost raore.The school opened with an attendanceabout the same as in previous years. Theincrease in tuition has not had any perceptibleeffect on the attendance, ilissFowler, of CedarviUe congregation, hasentered upon her duties. The vacancy occasionedby the resignation of ilissBlanche George has been filled by the electionof iliss ilary Wilson, of the Pittsburgcongregation. The industrial departraenthas been started. A suitable personhas not as yet been found to take chargeof the boys. Until such a person is securedthe work will be greatly crippled.This is a raost inviting field to a thoroughlyconsecrated, corapetent man. Isthere not one such ready to offer his services?on the Sabbath, the audiences are large.Mr. ilcMiUan is giving good satisfaction.He is quite a favorite with the boys. Thehospital is approaching corapletion. It isexpected it will be ready for occupancyby the tirae the Presbytery meets.Chinese.— A leiter was received fromthe scholars thanking the Board for thecontribution of $10 lo help defray the expensesof the school. They express theirintention of carrying on the work as weUas they can themselves. An appropriationof $10 was made.At an adjourned meeting of tbe Board,-held ilonday, Oct. 20, iliss Etta Thorapson,of iliUer's Run congregation, wasappointed assistant matron at the Indianilission, and ilr. Reed was authorized topurchase the property in Selraa oppositethe ilission building for raissionpurposes,and also to employ on trial some one totake charge of the boys' industrial departraentFriends who have subscribed to the industrialwork and have not paid theirsubscription, should do so at onee, as themoney is now needed, and the Board doesnot wish to go in debt.J. W. Sproull.

Brooklyn, N. Y.—The comraunion inBrooklyn was held Oct. 10. Itev, SamuelJ.' Johnston assisting. There were sevenaccessions: three on certificate, two whobrought letters frora the CongregationalChurch and assented to terms of comraunion,and tW'O on confession of faith.The work is reported as very encouragingthis faU.Bloomington, I^d.—Eesolutions bythe L. il. Society of Bloomington, Ind.:For the second lirae in the last year"death has entered our littie raissionarycircle, and clairaed another of our raerabers; and again we are rerainded that thisis not our abiding place, ilrs. RachelRusseU was called to her heavenly rewardAug. 2, 1902, after a three weeks' illness.In her reraoval our Soeiety has lost itsoldest raeraber,she beihg 80 years of age.She was a charter raeraber of our organization.As a Society we wish to plaee on recordour esteera for ber wdio has gone before.ilrs. Russell was peaceable and unassuraingin her life. She was an affectionatemother, a kind neighbor, and a devotedChristian; she clairaed a large circle offriends, because of the unselfishness andkindness of her disposition. She was especiallydevoted to the Missionary Society,seldora absent frora a raeeting, and neverwithout a good reason. Her presence wasahvays counted upon. She also gave liberallyand cheerfully of her raeans towardthe support of our work. We shall missher greatly. She leaves one daughter andtwo sons, who "raourn not as those whohave no hope.''Whereas, God in His providence hasagain visited our Society and taken fromus a faithful raeraber,Eesolved, That we bow in humble submissionto Hira who doeth all things weU;seek to be more earnest in our efforts toNews of the Churches. 333serve Him, and endeavor to cultivate raoreof a raissionaryspirit among ourselves andthose about us. That in sorae way weraay do a Uttle toward extending the Kingdoraand M'ork of C'lirist in the world, andraay, wdien our call coraes, be able to renderour account with joy.That we extend our syrapathy to thebereaved faraily, coraraending thera to thecare of Hira wdio said, "I will not leaveyou corafortless."That a copy of the resolutions be sentto our Chureh papers and recorded in theriiinutes of our Society.ilRS. Maggie Boyle.,ilRS. Haddie Paris,Gommittee.New York.—The second Sabbatii ofOctober was coraraunion Sabbath in ThirdNew York. "The pastor," wa-ites Dr. Foster,"was assisted by Eev. S. E- Wallace,whose preaching of the gospel was veryearnest and very helpful. The attendancewas very good. Six naraes wereadded to the roll."On the sarae Sabbath, coraraunion washeld in the Fourth Church. "Dr. DavidilcAllister, of Eighth Street, Pittsburg,Pa.," w^rites the pastor, Eev. J. A. Blackwood,"brought to us raessages of a raostraasterful and helpful character. It willbe a season long to be reraerabered in thespiritual good experienced by those presentThe three elders preseni were kindlyassisted by Mr. Henry O'NeiU, of Thirty-ninthStreel Church."The Supper was adrainistered in SecondNew York on the foUowing Sabbath.The assistant was Eev. J. R. Thorapson,of Newburg, N. Y. His discourses andaddresses were rich in gospel truth and inevery respect suited to a coramunion season.Rev. S. R. Wallace was also presenton the Sabbath and addressed a Tablefrom the words, "He loved them to tbe

334 News of the Churches.end." Tbe day was fine and tbe bousewas fllled witb attentive bearers, bothmorning and evening. Many raemberswere absent for different reasons, butchiefly because of ill health and infirmitiesincident to old age. There were, however,234 at the Table of the Lord, includingfive visitors frora sister congregations.There was an accession of flfteen.Since tbe spring coinmunion, only onebad passed away. After raany years ofsevere sufferings, wbich were, borne withquiet resignation to the will of God, Mrs.Isabella Robinson fell asleep Friday evening,Aug. 23, 1902. Assuredly in ber caseit was rest in tbe Lord, Whora she lovedabove all others. Helpless for years andconsequently unable to wait on publicordinances, she never losl her interest inthe work of the Church, and found courageand corafort in tbe private reading ofthe Word and prayer. To visit her duringher prolonged illness was a benedictionto rainister and olber friends. Poor inthis world, but ricb in faith, she is nowwith Christ.On Wednesday, Oct. 22, an election wasbeld in tbe Second Church, which resultedin the choice of Alexander Adaras, JosepbHarailton, Slewart S. Casey, John A. Mcllvaineand James Dow, Sr., as elders.Parnassus, Pa.—Died, Septi 9, 1902,James Copeland, son of Mr. and Mrs. D.A. Boyd, of Parnassus congregation.James was born June 17, 1896, and earlyin tbe raorning of Sept. 9 the Mastercalled hira. His parents, wbo desired himto live and serve Cbrist, are comforted becauseGod says: "Whether we live, welive unto the Lord; and wbetber we die,we die unto the Lord: whether we live,therefore, or die, we are the Lord's." Lititie Jaraes was a gobd boy. He gave evidenceof genuine love for tbe Saviour, andwas deeply raedilativefor bis years. Itwas evident the Lord was preparing bimto go, for be not only realized that deathwas near, but said he was not afraid todie. About two hours before bis deatb beasked to be lifted from tbe bed to his kneesto say his prayers. Although so weak thathe required to be supported, he repeatedin broken sentences -the Lord's Prayer.He then lay peacefully unlil bis suraraonscarae. He has been plucked as a lily fromthe Beloved's garden below and transplantedin tbat garden above wbere he willbloom forever.F. M. Wilson.Lincoln, Neb.—In an opinion handed down last night (October 10, 1902), theNebraska Supreme Court declared that the reading of the Bible, supplication to theDeity and singing of sacred songs in the public schools of the State are prohibited bytbe constitution.All of the justices of tbe court concur in the decision, voicing, they say in theircomment, not their individual opinions, but the law as it is written.The Bible is not an iron safe to be opened by those who are keen enough fo discoverthe combination; it is rather a rare and delicate flowerthat must have a certainatmosphere before it can be induced to unfold ils petals and disclose its honey cupand share with you ils sweet perfurae. The atmosphere of the book is the atmosphereof prayer. When you have entered your closet and opened the windowtoward Jerusalem and felt the heavenly breeze fan your cheeks, then the duU pagesare transformed into a living voice and the book becomes indeed the word of God.—Lutheran.

Monographs. 335MONOGRAPHS.illSSIONAEY EIBRARY.The General Secretary of the proposedPresbyterial' Circulating Missionary Libraryof the Pittsburg Presbytery desiresto call the attention of the societies torecommendation 4th of the report of thePlan of Work Comraittee adopted at theLadies' Presbyterial in 1901."Recommendation 4th.—That as it isimpossible to bave a comprehensive ideaof the great work being done by theChurcb in the foreign and home fields,wiihout an acquaintance with mission literaturein general, we recomraend a systemof exchange of books on the subjectof raissions, and in order that it raay becarried out, we recoraraend:"(a) That a secretary be appointed atthis meeiing whose business it shall be toarrange for the distribution of the books."(b) That all the societies and bandsbe requested to forward to this secretary alist of the books they are willing to haveused in tbis way."(c) That tbe general secretary makeout a list of sucb books and send it to thesecretary of eacb society and band, whoshall call tbe attention of the raeraberstoit, and keep it for reference."(d) Tbat when a book is wanted, thesecretary of the band or society shall writeto the general secretary, wbo in returnshall forward the application to tbat societyor band in whose library the book is,and wbo shall forward it as requested, andat the same time notify the general secretaryin order that sbe may keep traceof tbe books."(e) That no society take out more thanone book at a time, or retain it longer thana month."(f)' Postage shall be paid by tbe societyordering tbe book."A number of books have already beenseeured for this purpose. All societiesthat have libraries, and are willing to contributeto the list, are requested to do so atonce.Will the secretaries kindly attend to tbismatter and report toMrs. S. R. Wills,519 So. Avenue,Wilkinsburg, Pa.A VISIT TO TARTOOS.*An English steamer was going to a villagewitbin six railesof Tartoos; and, asI had never been able to visit the workthere, I determined to avail myself of thisopportunity, and thus escape the hard twodays' journey by land. There were threein the party beside myself: an evangelistwho was to visit sorae villages in that partof the field, one of the teachers in the girls'sehool, and a raan of all work to look afterthings, as woraen do not travel alone inthis country.Our friends at Tartoos knew of ourcoraing, and sent animals to the village tocarry us to the town; and we received awarra welcorae. They are so far awayfrora other workers that they appreciate avisit.Tartoos is one of tbe oldest towns inSyria. There are great stones in wallscenturies old. I was much interested ina church so old that no one knows when itwas built, sorae suppose in tbe second centuryafter Christ. But the walls are stillin good condition. I thought how raanygenerations have been born and died sincethe raen wbo built it.bave been laid in* Hxtract from a letter that Miss Mattie R. Wylie, ofLatakia, Syria, wrote Aug. 26,1902, to the Yming People'sSociety of Ohristian Endeavor, connected with Second M wYork Congregation.

336 Monographs.their graves. Yet there are sorae marks ofdecay. "They perish shall, but Thou shaltevermore endure.'' It'is now a raosque,asraany old Christian churches in this countryarc. and I sighed every time I lookedat it. I do not think it was a breach ofthe tenth eominandment to wish it wereours and filled with devout worshippers-every Sabbath.The island of Arvad is in sight, althoughit takes nearly an hour to go byboat. Ar-i'ad and the Arvadites are mentionedseveral times in Scripture, the firsttime in the days of Noah. The men arestill numerous. It is said that the islandcontains five thousand inhabitants, but onecan scarcely believe it, as it is nearly allrock, with few plants aud trees and noanimals e.xcept eats. There is a story thatsome raen took a donkey on shore, and thewonien and ehildren were terrified when ilshook its ears and began to bray, ilanyof the woraen have never been on theraain land.We found the evangelist and his familyand his assistant busy at w^ork. On Sabbathraorning I counted one hundred andseven, and there were raore than a hundredday pupils, il. Yacob visits raucharaong the people, and his good wife iscalled upon at all hours of thc day andsometimes in the night to visit the sick.There is a great change in the feelings ofthe people since the evangelist made hishorae araong thera. But they still thinkil would be a dreadful thing to becomeProtestant Christians. That, however,will wear away in tirae. Some young menhave gone to Araerica, not siraply for thepurpose of raaking raoney, but that theyraay become Protestants in peace.' Theyhave written horae that they havc doneso, and they tell of the good that Christiansare doing in Araerica. God has Misown way of working.We carae home in an open boat. It wasray firstexperience of that kind of travehand I should not choose it, if there wasany other way.A WONDEE-WOEKING CHURCH.The iloravian Brotherhood has been,and still is, a historic marvel.Herrnhut, about fifty miles frora Dresden,is the center frora w-hich radiate thenoble missionary efforts of the UnitedBrethren. It is a plain village, of Quakersimplicity, of about one thousand people,where all is neat, orderly, and pervadedby the religious element.The "House of the Brethren" and the"House of the Sisters" are the horaes ofunmarried men and wonien, respectively;the forraer with thirty and the latter onehundred inmates. No celibate or monasticvows are taken, and the association isvoluntary, in the interests of economy andindustry and Christian labor. On theslope of Hutberg Hill lies the peacefulburial place of the community, with thetomb of Christian David, and slabs ofstone, lying flat on tbe ground, bearingthe simplest record of the dead.The large stone buildings at Berthelsdorfare the residenees of the Elders' Conference.They meet Ihrice a week aroundtheir table, exaraine the correspondenceof the body, and talk over -and pray overall the affairs of the Unitas Fratrum.Here is the hub of the great wheel, frorawhich extend to the utraost circuraferenceof their work their various spokes, finaneiaheducationah evangelistic, disciplinary.As the Moravian brethren lead allChristendora in the high average of theirmissionary consecration and contribution,we 'may well ask, What is the cause ? Theircreed does not essentially differ from othercreeds of Christendora's reformed,churches. They especially eraphasize theperson and w^orlc of tbe Lord Jesus as Ee-

deeraer, both by pulpit and press. InHira, -as they say, they "havc the grace ofthe Son, the love of the Father, and thecoraraunion of the Spirit." The HolvScriptures they cordially accept as the inspiredand infallible Word of God: andthe Living Word, the blessed Christ, is,especially in FIis character as a sacrificefor sin, the model for their iraitation.They lay stress not so much upon doctrine.as Ufe.The body is governed by a generalsynod, nieeting every ten years or so, atHerrnhut. Provincial synods control thethree provinces. Continental, Bnglish, and, Araerican.In constitution their ehurch corabinesthe features of Presbyterianisra andEpiscopacy. But they are not jealous of"Episcopal ordination" or "apostolic succession."Tbey prize, as of unspeakableworth, the baptisra of the Holy Ghost andthe apostolic spirit of self-denial andloyalty to C'hrist.Lilce the Waldenses, they seem to be appointedof God to keep alive the embersof the primitive faitb and apostolic spiritin the midst of the worldliness, extravagance,and selfishness that would quencheven tbe firesof God.The illustrious "father," in raoderntiraes, was Count Zinzendorf. But theirhistory in Moravia and Bohemia reachesbaek, perbaps, even into the ninth century.John Huss (born 1373) was their raostfamous reforraer. In 1457 they organizedas a reUgious sociely; after years of flercepersecution, in 1467, lhey held a synod,and corapletely separated frora the Stateand obtained from the Waldenses the"Episcopal Succession." Their bishopswere consecrated. After a most reraarkablehistory of alternating prosperily andperseculion by the anti-reforraation ofFerdinand IT, Protestantisra was totallyoverthrown in Boheraia and Moravia.Monographs. 337Over 50,000 people were driven out, as theHuguenots were frora France, and foralraost a hundred years the UnitasFratrum was like treasure hid in a field.Just fiftyyears after Comenius, the lastbishojD of the Bohemian-Moravian provineesof the old Unity, died, two farailiesof Moravian e.xiles reached Count Zinzendorf'sestate in Saxon}^, Berthelsdorf,seeking refuge. There, under his shelteringeare, they built Herrnhut ("TheLord's Watch"), and revived their ancientChurch. Zinzendorf, resigning worldlyhonors and riches, became their bishop,and the new "Father" of this apostolicChurch. For over one hundred and seventvyears they have been multiplyingchurches and missions. At Gnadenhiitten("Tents of Grace"), in Ohio, one hundredMoravian Indians were raassacredin1783 by suspicious whites. In Lapland,araong the Samoyeds, in Algeria, China,Persia, Ceylon, the East Indies, the Caucasus,Guiana, Guinea, araong the Caliiiucks,in Abyssinia and Tranquebar,Greenland, Labrador, on the MosquitoCoast, on the Islands of St. Thomas, etc.,in South Africa, Thibet, Australia, andnow in Alaska, this feeble yet niightyband of disciples have carried the fiagofthe cross.This work of foreign raissions chieflyengages and alraost absorbs the life of theMoravian Brotherhood. It was begun in1732—one hundred and seventy years ago,when Herrnhut was the only church, andnumbered only six hundred souls. Withinone hundred and thirty years, this littleband had sent out two thousand and onehundred raissionaries,exclusive of nativeassistants.Zinzendorf, when about twelve years ofage, had fornied with youths of like raind,the Senfkorn Orden ("Order of the Grainof Mustard Seed"), with its covenant ofrautual love, loyalty to Christ, and direct

388 Monographs.aira and effort for the conversion of souls.The badge of tbe order was a shield witban "Ecce Homo" and the motto: "Hiswounds, our healing." Their rale of life,"None of us liveth to himself alone";"We will love the wbole family of man."Thus, while this young Count was atschool in Halle, he was preparing unconsciouslyto becorae the leader of the MissionaryChurch of our day. This consecratedCount raarried a godly woraan,who, wilh hira, cast rank and riches to thewinds as inventions of huraan vanity; andthese two took as their sole aira in life thewinning of souls. They were ready at araoraeni's call to enter on any raissionarywork, and counted that place as horaewhere they could flnd the widest dooropen for Christian labor. And so theSenfkorn order of the young lad at Hallegrew into the Diaspora of the Brotherhoodat Herrnhut.The principles of the Moravian Churchraay be briefly stated thus: First, everybeliever is to find his work, in witnessingto Cbrist; second, his home, wherever beis raost needed for service; and third, biscross, in absolute self-oblivion for Christ'ssake.The history of this brotherhood is amodem miracle. While 'during tbeeighteenth century "England was," asIsaac Taylor said, "in virtual heathenism,"and as Sarauel Blair declared, "Religionin Araerica lay a-dying"—wbenVoltaire and Frederick the Great ruledEurope, and lasciviousness in novel anddraraa, and - deisra in pulpit and press,threatened alike the foundations ofraorality and piety; wben the wholeCburch seemed bowing to the idols of tbisworld and scarce the form of godlinesswas left—even then the Moravian Churchreraained both evangelical and evangelistic! Probably up to this time, not lesstban tbree thousand brethren and sistershave been engaged in foreign worlc, besidesall that bav'e been helpers in thework of tbe Diaspora.Again, the missionary spirit is so fosteredthat the Church abroad is more conspicuousthan the Cburcb at home. Botbdoraestic and foreign raissions are carried' on by this numerically sraall body,on a scale proportionately more extensivethan any otber Christian denoraination.The work of Horae Evangelization, or theDiaspora (see 1 Peter 1:1, Greek, i. e.,"Scattering of Seed"), is very extensiveon the Continent of Europe. It airas toevangelize State churches wiihout proselytizingtheir raerabers. Missionaries holdraeelings for prayer and exhortation, visitingfrora house to house. In 1862, 120missionaries were thus employed, raale andferaale, and the enterprise reached fromSaxony lo France, Switzerland and Germany,nortb to Sweden and Norway, andeast into Eussia. At tbat time 80,000-merabers were connected with this Diasporaon tbe Continent.So near as we can ascertain, on December31, 1900, this Brotherhood numbered,including all the baptized, over 96,877 athorae, and over 95,434 abroad, making atotal of about 193,301, and of tbese, 397were foreign missionaries, wilh 47 ordainednative rainisters, and 1,865 nativehelpers.In other words, 1 out of every344 coraraunicants was a foreign missionary;they had nearly as many coraraunicantsin their mission churches as in thehome churches, and actually raised anaverage of seventeen shillings and sixpencefor each coraraunicant, for foreignraissions alone. At the same ratio, if tbefifty million evangeUcal ProtestantChurch raembers sbould similarly contribute,we should have £45,000,000 insteadof barely £3,400,000 as our annualraissionary incorae, and, if the wholeChristian Church would iraitate such per-

sonal consecration; the evangelicalchurches would be sending into thefleld 700,000 missionaries instead of10,000!Arthur T. Pierson, D. D.STEWAEDSHIP."It is a striking proof of the practicaltendency of gospel morality that ourSaviour bas regarded tbe use and possessionof earthly richesas a subjecl of sufficientweight to be particularly handled byHim in a triad of parables: viz., the parablesof the 'Rich Fooh' the 'Unjust Steward,''Dives and Lazarus,' not to reckon anumber of bints occurring bere and therein his discourses." How, then, have weemployed our Lord's raoney?Tbere are tbree great objects lo whicbour raeansought to be appropriated so asto meet tbe Divine approval. Theseare:1. A certain proportion ougbt to betaken for defraying personal and familyexpenses. .3. Anotber portion may be allowed toaccumulate as capital.3. A frsed proportion ougbt to be devotedto God.No one doubts tbat the firstof these objectsought to be attended to. Every onemust be boused and clothed and fed. Tbisduty need not be urged; tbe danger is thatthis duty be tbe only one attended to.In regard to the second there is differenceof opinion. Some fanatics go so faras to say that a Christian has no right toacquire property. They say it is a distrustof God's providence and care to storeup money for the future provision ofthemselves and famiUes. They supporttheir opinions by the wresting of sucbScriptures as these: "Lay not up foryourselves treasures upon earth"; "Woe tohim that ladeth himself with thick clay";"Go to now, ye rich men, tbat weep andMonographs. 339bowl for tbe raiseriestbat shall come uponyou,'' etc. The common sense of mankind,as well as Scripture compared and interpreted,is so totally opposed to these viewsthat no one carries thera out in practice.The Scriptural authority for this coraraonsense view is very decisive. Themeaning of the passages I shall quote isthat properly in itself is a blessing, andonly becomes a curse if improperly employed."The'hand of the diligent raakethrich"; "He that gathereth in suraraer is awise son"; "The blessing of the Lordraaketh rich and He addeth no sorrow withit"; "And tbe Lord hath blessed my raasterAbrahara greatly, and he is becoraegreat, and He hath given hira flocksandherds and silver and gold." It would behard to prove against such Scriptures asthese that it is a sin to die rich.I thus frankly and fully declare tbatthe Scriptures teach the propriety andnecessity, not only of adequately providingfor present wants and comforts, but alsoof accumulating property for comraercialand useful purposes and for the futurewants of ourselves and farailies. Tbeseapparent concessions, sorae might tbink,will, counteract or weaken the argumentsto be used to enforce the third departraentof our duty as stewards: viz., the portionto be allotted to the service of God.Truth requires no concealment or suppressionof anything. The sarae auihoritywhich says, "Honor the Lord with tbysubstance," says also, "But if any providenot for his own, and especially for those ofhis own house, he hath denied the faitband is worse than an infidel."The third departraent of stewardship,viz., that part of our properly to be devotedto the service of God, includes tbreedivisions:First. Alrasgiving, or charitable contributionsto the poor or to benevolent institutions.

310 Monographs.clairas as the portion He will accept frorallis people as His share? The plain answeris that in all ages of the Chureh,troni Al)rahara to the present raoraent. Hehas indieated that the rendering of lessthan a tenth of a raan's income is a rob­Second. The support of the rainistry, bing of God. Now in the Jewish Churchboth in our own eountry and in foreigiilands.this tenth was devoted exclusively to themaintenance of the ministry and the ordinancesThird. Free-will offerings.of God's house. And Pauh in allu­In regard to the firstof these divisions,the money whieh we give to the poor, Godhas been pleased to designate a loan tosion to this provision for the rainistrj^ underthe old economy, says : "Even so halhthe Lord ordained that they whieh preachHim. 'TJe that giveth to the poor lendeth the gospel shall live of the gospel." Thatto the Lord.'' "Blessed is he that considerethis, as under the old economy, God prescribedthe poor; the Lord will deliverhim in time of trouble."But in order that we may perforra thisduty intelligently, the Holy Spirit led theapostie to lay down a special rale. "Uponthe first day of the w^eek let every one ofyou lay by hira in store as God has prosperedhira, that there be no gatheringsthat the ministry and all who aidedthera in the service of religion directly,should be supported by the' contribution ofa tenth of the incorae of His people; soGod expects the rainistry of the Churchand the eldership of the Church to be supportednow.There is the greatest ignorance araongwhen I eorae." This passage has been rainisters, and great misapprehensiongrievously misunderstood, and made toteach the propriety of Sabbath morningaraong the people, on the subject of theJewish tithe. It was not collected undercollections in church for the support of thestringent regulations. On the con­gospel. Whereas, it was Paul's direction trary, he might, and the covetous Jewto the Corinthians how^ to provide in a did, often fail to "bring" his tithe lo thespecial emergency alms for the suffering storehouse. If he did not bring it voluntarily,saints in Jerusalem, so as to avoid takingthere was no compulsory process byup a collection when he should corae to which it could be wrung from him. It waspreach to thera. In effect, he says: "Do a niatter wdiich rested between hira and histhis in order that there be no necessity for God. The rulers of the people took noa collection when I come.''cognizance of his dereliction. But God,The second division of religious giving Whora he "robbed," did. Thus you seecoraprises the portion of our substance that what is ealled the "laws of the lithe"which w^e owe directly io God. In this was only the rule of proportion by wbichGod clairas of all His people His rightIn giving to the poor. He says we "lendGod taught FIis people whal araount oftheir yearly income He would accept as alo the Lord",; but in withholding frora token of their acknowledgment of HisHira wdiat He clairas as His right, we are righl to all their possessions. And in thesaid to "rob God." We do not "rob" byrefusing a loan, but we do rob when wefail to pay a debt. Now does God in HisWord tell us precisely how rauch Hedegenerate days of the Church, when pietywas almost e.xtinct, and when the priestsfailed to teach the people their duty inthis raatter, God visited thera wilh drouthsand all raanner of agricuUural disaster,and caused the priests to becorae "conteraptibleand base in the eyes of the people,"because they had, in the language ofMalachi, "corrupted the covenant ofLevi"; that is, because they had relaxed

the deraand for the tithe whieh was the"covenant of Levi." In precisely the saraeway the rainistryin our day, by their failureto indoctrinate the people as to thederaand whieh God raakes upon thera forthe support and raaintenance of all Hisrainisters and the ordinances of His house,have, in a manner, beconie "base and conteraptible"before aU the people. Insteadof proclaiming fearlessly their right tolive of the gospel, they too often stand likebeggars, bat in hand, entreating that theyraay be permilted lo starve on the raeagerpittance doled out to them by a covetousand selfish people. And hence it has cometo pass that most people look upon raoneypaid for the support of the rainisterathorae or for the raissionaryto the heathenas a charity, instead of a debt owed to GodHiraself.I wish, while on this subject, to explainbriefly the "free-will offering."A free-will offering was brought by thepious -Jew on a pariicular eraergency as athank offering for deliverance from somespecial peril, or on the experience of signalblessing. Il was never appropriated or intendedto suppleraent any deficit in thesupport of the priests; and there was noroora for a free-will offering on the partof any one who had not brought his tithe.A free-will offering was soinething overand above wbat the offerer owed to God.Only after all obligations were dischargedcould one dare to present a free-wdll offering.You are now prepared to see for yourselveswhether any of you could, if youdesired, bring to God a free-will offeringin aclcnowledgment of His signal raerciesto you during tbe past year. If your givingsto the support of the gospel in theChurcb al borae and in our raissionaryworlc in foreign lands have not been onetenthof your income in the past year, youare in no condition to make free-will offer­Monographs. 341ings. You must be ju,st to God beforeyou can be generous. Some have givenraore than a tenth of their gains; someonly a portion; some nothing. The accountis between all and God. Be assuredGod has a controversy with all who havefallen short. God says by ilalachi: "Yeare cursed with a curse, for Ve have robbedile."The adoption of this rule of voluntarytithing is recoraraended by four considerations:First. It has the sanction of divine authority.Second. It was practiced by the earlyChurch for more than a thousand yearsafter the Apostles.Third. It is the only equitable plan fordistributing the burdens of a church aecordingto the abilities of the people.Fourth. It is the certain eondition ofworldly prosperily. It is impossible forGod to Ue. He says: "Honor the Lordwith thy substance and with the firstfruitsof all thine increase; so shall thy barnsbe filled with plenty and thy presses shallburst out with new wine." "Bring ye allthe tithes into the storehouse, and proveMe now herewith, saith the Lord of Hosts,if I will not open the windows of heavenand pour you out a blessing that thereshall not be roora enough to receive it."—Selected.TWO SIDES TO THE QUESTION.That the Boxer outrages of 1900 raaybe re2Deated in the Chinese provinces ofSze-Chuen is the opinion of raissionarieswdio have appealed to United States ilinisterConger at Pekin for protection.ilr. Conger has demanded of theChinese authorities imraediate suppressionof the disturbances in the district wdierealready several native Christians havebeen raassacred ahd a chapel burned. Onaccount of his obvious inability to cope

342 Monographs.wilh the situation, Kwei Chun, Viceroyof Sze-Chuen, bas been removed fromoffiee and succeeded by Taen Chunsuan.Mr. Conger has addressed PrinceChing, inforraing hira of the outrages,asking their suppression and stating thelessons of experience showed these troublesshould be staraped out at their inception.To this Prince Ching, answered that instructionhad been sent to Sze-Chuen topul down the trouble and appropriateedicts had been promulgated. These wereevidently of no avail, for on July 39 Mr.Conger received frora Mr. Canright tbistelegrara: "Deraanded protection in vain.ilassacres and robberies daily. All are ingreat danger."Thereupon Mr. Conger addressedPrince Ching again, in the course of hisletter saying: "There are raany Araericanmissionaries in that province and itis ray duty lo deraand their full and completeprotection."After receipt of this news frora Wash-_ ington, the Philadelphia Inquirer securedthe following by cable frora Pekin, datedSepti 18:The iraperial and provincial troops atChengtu, capilal of the Province of Sze-Chuen, where troubles sirailar to the Boxerrising bave been prevailing for sorae tirae,succeeded in keeping the gates of the cityclosed against the rebellious raerabers ofthe Lantern Society and restored order.The authorities executed ten persons yesterday,including a woraan leader, whohad large influence since the beginning ofthe trouble. Four raore executions are reportedto-day. The country outside ofChengtu and the road frora that city toChungking > are in control of the rebels.This evening the throne issued an edictordering the iraraediate suppression of therebellion.Another oulbreak of raob violenceagainsi tbe "foreign devils," raucb likethose wbich fastened the eyes of the worldon China two years ago, has recently beenreported. A raob of several hundred nativesasserabled and laid siege to a littlegroup of flftydefenseless foreigners, Themerabers of the raob were arraed, and wereplainly thirsting for blood. After terrifyingshrieks and curses, tbe mob openedflre, and shot three of tbe "foreigndevils," driving the reraainder out of thelown where they had been living, withthreats of death if they dared relurn.Those who escaped, in terror of their lives,proraptly and properly appealed to theirarabassador, who' laid the matter beforethe central governraent. The centralgovernraent called the attention of thegovernor of the district in wbicb tbe outrageoccurred to the fact that complainthad been made, but announces tbat, underthe law, it can do nothing more. Ofcourse it deeply regrets the occurrence,but is not able even to give assurances thatsirailar outrages will be prevented in thefuture. Nor can it do anything towardsseeing that the ringleaders of the mobare punished. It would be certain thatthe home governraent of tbe "foreigndevils" will lake prorapt and severe measuresto compel tbe punishment of therioters, and lo secure the payment of indemnitiesto the farailies of tbose wbowere killed by the mob, were it not for thefact that the "foreign devils" in tbis casehappened to be Chinaraen, while tbe mobwas made up of Araerican citizens,living in and about Baher City, Oregon.Minister Wu is the diplomatto whora an appeal bas been madeby his countryraen, and the Govemraentat Washington has been able to donothing more than to call the attentionof the Governor of Oregon to the facts inthe case, with wbich he was doubtless ahready familiar. Unless Oregon decides tomake reparation and punish the offenders.

nothirig can be done in the case. The NationalGovernment is helpless, and cannotinterfere with the State Government. Itmay, indeed, and probably will, foUowinga weU-sustained precedent, pay a sum ofmoney to the Chinarhen who were injured,but sucb money will be paid merelyas a gratuity, and nol in acknowledgmentof any rigbt in the premises. The wholesituation is a good example of the inconsistenciesof which the tactful Wu occasionallyreminds us.—Harper's Weekly,Sept. 30, 1903.ONB PROVINCE IN CHINA.Measured by Chinese standards, theProvince of Sz-Chuan, one of China'seighteen provinces, with its 40,000,000souls, is a most fertile and prosperous one.The natural resources are inexhaustible.Coal and iron") are very abundant. Thebest producing salt wells in the empire arehere. Tbe Government derives more saltrevenue from Sz-Chuan than frora any or,perhaps, all other provinces. Eeal faminesare unknown, though tbere have been twopartial famines .within the last forty years.In ancient tiraes tbe land was coveredwitb subtropical forests. Now it is all undercultivation, excepting the tops of thebigher mountains. Rice is the principalcrop.There is a large and valuable commerce.The imports are chiefly cotton goods, oillamps, clocks and olher manufacturedarticles. Tbe exports are mainly opiura,salt, silk, vegetable wax, Tibetan wool andgreat quantities .of Chinese medicinalherbs.The people, or their recent ancestors,have largely come from other provinces.Many think them raoreable tban the raajorityof tbeir race. Tbey have knownnothing of the outside world until veryrecent years.Tbe missionary problem in tbe ProvinceMonographs. 313of Sz-Chuan is to bring the gospel to this40,000,000 people, shut out from the restof the world; a people superior in intellect;their scholars highly cultured, accordinglo the Chinese standards, but untilthe last few years absolutely ignorantof everything excepting what chanced tofall within the narrow circle of their ownhorizon.—By Eev. W. Manly, Chung-King, in ilay Missionary Review of theWorld.THB MISSIONAEY SPIEIT OF THECHEISTIAN LIFE.—This article is from tbe pen of Mr.Eobert E. Speer, Secretary of the Boardof Foreign Missions of the PresbyierianChurch in the United States, and closelyidentified -with the forward raissionarymovemenis of to-day. It is selected fromhis book on "Missionary Principles andPractice," recently published by the FlemingH. EeveU Co., at $1.50 nel. Everyone who reads this chapter will want thewhole volume.—There are two different opinions which .a man raay bold in regard to Ms life. Heraay regard il as belonging to hiraself, assoraething* under his control—and thereare few raen who have not at sorae tiraeheld that view. There is a tirae wben itseeras inexpressibly sweet, when the oldshackles for the first tirae fall off; whenthe old liraitations for the firsttirae arelaid aside; when a raan for the first tiraefeels on his brow the breath of the largerliberty, and looking out over bis life says,"I ara thy master." The other view oflife regards it as belonging to soraebodyelse, as npl belonging to the man. Thisis the view of life which the Scripturesconstantly take. "Ye are not your own,"they say, "ye were bought wilb a price,therefore glorify God in your body, wbichis God's. Ye were not redeemed withcorruptible things such as silver and gold.

344 Monographs.but with the precious blood of Christ, asof a lamb without blemish and without' spot," and this is the view which a reasonableman must take of his Ufe. Heknows perfectly well it does not belong tohimself. * * * ]y[y jifg belongs toChrist, as His life belonged to God.Now, if our lives belong to Christ, ifmy life belongs to Christ, then it is raybusiness to be of use to Chrjst whereverin this world I happen at any tirae to be.I have no right to serve rayself. I have noright to do ray own pleasure. I ara herelo do the worlcs and speak the words ofHim to whom I belong. * * *And it follows, as it seeras lo rae, withequal plainness that if we belong toChrist, then it is our business to be willingto be of use to C'hrist anywhere; that oursyrapathies raust be as broad as the syrapathiesof Christ; that our hearts raustgo out as widely as the heart of Christ,and that while we are of use to Hira wherewe are, we must be ready to be of useto Him in any sphere; if it please Hira,so rauch the better in the largest sphere..And in the second place, if w^e belongto Christ our hearts must feel for theworld's need as Christs heart felt for thatneed, and we must look out upon it withHis eyes, and hunger for it with His hunger,and long to help it as He longed tohelp it, and was willing for its satisfactionto lay down His life on the cross. It is noeasy raatter to put in a few words theraighty need of this great world. Callone or tw^o witnesses to testifv to theworld's wants. Call Keshub ChunderSen, one of the great leaders in India inthe last century, and ask hira for histestiraony about his own land. In theappeal that he issued to the young menof India, these were his words: "Look atyour social constitutions and customs, themass of ener\-ating, deraoralizing and degradingcurses they are working i * * *Idolatry is the curse of Hindustan, thedeadly canker that has eaten into thevitals of native society." Call Kipling,who is no raissionarj^, and who calls In-.dia "rotten." These witnesses are notsuborned by Christian missions. Theytestify under no constraint.We can look at the world's need froraanother point. .Bishop Thoburn says thatthere is one tract in his field where thereare six millions of people unevangelized.In the Bombay Presidency in the ilissionof the American Board, in the district ofSatara, there are about one raillion twohundred and fifty thousand people, in asection of five thousand square railes, anduntil lately only one raan to tell themthe story of Christ and His love for them.I saw several years ago a leiter from amissionary located in Northern India, inwhieh he wrote:"In the Mainpuri district there are 395towns, with frora 500 to 1,000 inhabitants;129 towns with frora 1,000 lo 2,000inhabitants; 39 towns with frora 2,000to 3,000 inhabitants; 11 towns with frora3,000 to 5,000 inhabitants'; 6 towns wdthfrora 5,000 to 10,000 irihabUants. Inmost of these the gospel may have beenpreached two or three limes during thelast fifteenor twenty years, but there are900 (or more exactly, 897) viUages inthis district with less than 500 inhabitantslo each, and how can the gospel lightshine in all this distriet and in this raultitudeof crowded villages and towns, withso few to bear it and with the horae boardordering reductions in the estimatesgiven ?"Here I am with an imperfect knowledgeof the language, alone in a districtabout thirty ra'Ues square, with 801,216inhabitants scattered in 1,379 towns andvillages, Elah-also under my care, with1,489 towns, etc., and 756,523 inhabitants.

Monographs. 345"Next to me is ilr. -, alone in the the murmur of the millions who liveddistrict of Farrukhabad, wjth 907,608 inhabUantsin 1,723 towns and villages, andalong it the great raajority of whora hadnever heard raention of the narae of Jesusone city of 70,000 inhabiiants, and work Christ. Here were cities of hundreds pfenough for three missionaries at least,, thousands of people, no raissionaries inif you expect anything aecomplished. thera—while down over thera all shone theEtawah districi, wilb 668,641 inhabitantsin 1,478 villages, has onc man to representthe Presbyterian Church."The Presbyterian Chureh of Americahas undertaken to give the gospel to thetwo districts of Mainpuri and Elah, withsarae raoon that eighteen hundred yearsago -fell upon the paschal sufferings ofHira who did not die for a'-'little corapany;of -Him Whose love was not narrowedto a band of raen gathered then ornow, but '\A'ho.se love went out toward thea combined population of 1,557,739 souls whole world. If we belong lo Jesusresiding in 2,868 towns and villages. To Christ, then we rnust feel for this world ofaccomplish this glorious result and to fulfilChrist's as Christ felt 'for it; we raustthe Lord's coramand to preach the hunger for its redemption with the sa'megospel to every creature, the PresbyterianChurch of Ameriea has stationed one raissionaryin this great parish, and proposesintensity with whieh He hungered for it,and we ra'ustbe willing, even as He waswilling, to go to Calvary for its life.to put into his hands for keeping up And in the third place, if a raan belongsschools, eraploying helpers, paying taxeson proper,ty and keeping it in repair, distributingtracts and Bibles, and for travelingto Christ his syrapathies must beas wide as Christ's, for the salce of his ownspiritual life. It is one of God's laws, asexpenses to superintend this great inexorable as any of His natural laws,parish, tbe princely sura of $2,477; These that no man can keep spiritual blessingsfigures speak for theraselves. The raissionaryto hiraself. God will not let him do it.asked for less than onerfifth cent He will turn such blessing into ashes.eacb, with which to provide thegospel toa parish of over one raiUion and a halfsouls, and he is raet with the reply thatWhen Paul quoted Christ's words in thetwentieth chapter of the Book of Aets—"It is more blessed to give than receive"—be raust reduce his deraands, for the and saved us in that way the only wordsCburch cannot afford to give hira so of Christ that are not recorded for us inrauch."the gospels. He did soraething raore thanThe conditions have changed since thiswas written, but it is still illustrative.save us only one -detached sentence ofChrist; he kept for us the very kernel ofYou raay duplicate such pictures as Chrisl's leaching. Whatsoever wouldthis frora raany mission fields. Look atthe little counlry of Colombia, to the southof us, with ils 4,000,000 people, and fivesave its life shall lose it, whether it is alocal association, a local church, an in--dividual Christian, a corapany of Christianraen—one to every 800,000 of Us populalion,raen, any Christian organization, orto tell the story of Him in whom a Christian .Church, "Whosoever shallGod was reconciling tbe world to Himself.seek to save his life shall lose it." I doDr. Arthur Mitchell used to lell the noFneed to tell the story of the anti-rais-story of a raidnight ride that he look on sionary Baptists, the story of thethe Grand Canal in China, when he iloravian Church, or the story of huraandrifted along lhal quiet streara, and heard Uves. All of us have seen God deraon-

346 Monographs.strating this truth—God's disapprovalwritten upon the lives of raeii wbo tbinkthat lhey can appropriate wholly to theraselvesthe salvation that is sent for aU,witbout handing it on to olhers, for whomalso He died.-And now what do raen say in reply toall this? Well, they say, "There is somuch need here at bome." Need for wbat ?Need for raore la-wyers ? Ask Mr. Depew,who at the coraraenceraent of the YaleLaw School, sorae years ago, said thatthere were already sixty thousand la'wyersin this land—about t'wice as raany as anylegitiraate business can be found for. AskJustice Brewer, who, as President of theAmeriean Bar Association, at the annualraeeting in St. Louis, several years ago,made an even stronger declaration. Tbestudenis who were at Northfield in 1889will never forget a speech of the Dean ofthe Yale Law School, Prof. Wayland, inwhicb he challenged the men loolcing forwardto the law to stop on the thresholdand be very sure that th%y bad tbe sanctionof their Lord. I do not say one wordagainst the practice of the law; but I dosay that no raan has a right to enter thelaw -without being clear that that is thewill of God for hira. Need for what intbis land ? Need for more teachers ? Tbereare over four hundred tbousand alreadyin this counlry. Tbere is scarcely a vacancythat occurs in any of our belter in-'stitutions for whicb there are not twentyapplications. The teachers' employraentagencies are always busy. Need for what ?Need for raore business men? Bradstreet'ssays that ninety-five per cent, ofthe business raen in New York fail, thecorapetition being so fierce, and bitter,and strong, and incorapetency so coraraon.Need for raore rainisters ? There are onehundred thousand of thera already in thisland, one to every six or seven hundredof the populalion. It might be far better.if there were only half as many; if theSpirit of God spread out the work tbathas been laid on their shoulders, on tbeshoulders of those who have been payingothers to do their work for God in theirstead. Need for what ? Let us ask ourselves,need for what? And tben stop tothink tbat if the ordained ministers alonein this land would speak lo two souls eacbday for one year, they would in that yearevangelize this whole land over again,having reacbed Christians and non-Christiansalike. If the Sabbath school teachersalone reached one man a day, inside ofthirty years they would bave re-evangelizedthis wbole land. If the membersof tbe Proteslant cburcbes spoke each toone soul a day each day of a week, at theend of seven days the United States wouldhave been re-evangelized. There is plentyof work here in tbe United States, needalong all these lines of wbicb I havespoken. But let no one say, "There isplenty of need for Christian work here inthe United Slates," and then go out intothe United States and nol do any of itiHundreds of men have locked tbe foreignmission door in their o-wn faces on thepretext that there was so much to do atborae, and bave tben deliberately sougbttheir own ambitions here at home.Or people say, "Tbere is no iraraediateemergency; the thing has drifted foreighteen hundred years, and it can driftfor eighteen hundred years more." Nohaste? I suppose such people have not"losl" anybody they love. Have they everread tbe fourteenth verse of the twentyfourthchapter of Matthew? "And thisgospel of the Kingdora shall be preachedin, the wbole world for a testiraony unto allnations, and then shall the end come ?" Ido not press these words beyond tbe veryclear meaning that lies upon the face ofthem. Tbe gospel of the Kingdom sballfirst be preaehed as a witness unto all na-

Monographs. 347tions, and then shall the end come. Theend of wbat? The end of tears. Theend of sorrow. The end of death. Theend of separation and parting. Tbe beginningof that glad day when those whosleep in Christ sball walce, and all thetom bearts of earth shall be healed, andall tbe separation sball be over, "and theglory of the Lord shall be revealed." Doyou say you do not want to see that day ?Do you say you have got no interest inits coming? Very weU, tben, you maywell tum your back on tbe last coramandof Cbrist; you may well turn your back onthe wail of Christ's dying world; youmay well turn your back on the needs ofyour own spiritual life—only reraerabertbat wl^en you do so you read yourselfout of the company of the true-hearted,large-souled children of Him who lovedtbe whole worid and gave His Son for itslife.Eight bundred years ago, in the monthof Noveraber, in tbe marketplace of thelittle Frencb to-wn of Clermont, Pope Urbanstood on a lofty scaffold, and spoke inwords of living flreto tbe mighty throngthat was gathered tbere to listen to bim,and as the orator spoke to tbe greatthrong, and swayed it as a raan will swaya leaf with his breath, their cry rose upever louder and louder, "It is the will ofGod! It is the wiU of God!" "Ah!" rejoinedthe orator, "it is indeed tbe willof God, and let this raeraorable word, theinspiration surely of tbe Holy Gbost, becbosen by you as your watch cry in battle,as you go out as the charapion of Christ.His cross is tbe symbol of your salvation.Wear iti a red and bloody cross, as a signupon your hearts or upon your shoulders,a pledge of your irrevocable engageraent."And out from the market place of tballittle French town tbere poured a movementtbat lasted, for two bundred years.It filledall Europe with tbe tread of innumerablearmies. It whitened the Mediterraneanwilh the sails of countless fleets.It swept in a great streara of Europe'sbest blood over Eastern battlefields., Iterected lordly castles on Saracen soil.Then it passed away, losing all that ithad won, and remained only an heroic andpathetic episode in human bistory. Thecrusades teach their lesson! They teachthe lesson whicb will be learned on thatday when raen bear fhe cry of tbe newcrusade and are willing to fight for thecross with the weapons of Hira whose lastwords from it were words of forgivenessand peace. Tbey teach the lesson of wbatGod can do when the Spirit of Godsweeps over the hearts of men and leadstbem to love the Christ as much as thecrusaders loved His sepulcher. Would thatnow the Church raight hear His voice declaringonce again what is His will; mightlearn that His will is clear and plain;that it is not tbe satisfaction of selfish ambition;that it is not the chase of wealth;that it is not the search for honor or thegratification of pride; but that it is a lifelaid out for God's world! A few yearsago, in Great Britain, just before tbeAshanti expedition was to start, the callwas made for volunteers, and the ScotsGuards were called out at Windsor andranged before the comraanding officer,that be raighl ask for volunteers. He explainedwhat the expedition was, what itraeant, the sacriflces that would be involved,and he said, "If any raen in tbiscorapany will volunteer, let them slandout," and supposing that only a few wouldvolunteer, be turned away for a raoraent.The entire corapany advanced one step.Upon turning round he noticed the unbrokenline of the Scots Guards and wassurprised to see that not one bad steppedforward, and cried indignantly, "What,the Scots Guards, and no volunteers!" Oneof the corporals said, "The whole line

348 Monographs.stepped forward." Would that now when raust reveal it to sorae one, and wasthis larger expedition is calling for volunteers,when the uplifted -cross ^of theChrist—who thirsted, not for the salvationof a few, but for the rederaption ofa world—is held up before our eyes, weraight hear the sweet and raighty call!pleased to reveal it to rae."This utterance, by a distinguished raanof science rerainds us again, as raanysirailar utterances have done, nol only thattrae greatness has no vanity, but thatsuperior rainds, as a whole, reverently acknowledgedHow this land would thrill, as the aspenthe Suprerae. They whoquivers, if only raen by the hundredsw-ould volunteer for God; desirous withclirab highest see farthest, and the lightwliich coraes from above shines the longestHenry ilartin, not to burn out forway.—The Presbyterian.avarice, to burn out for ambition, to burnout for self, but, looking up to that whole "ONLY A BOY."Burnt Offering, to burn out for God and Not a single work for,Christ will fail ofHis Worid.its reward. It seems lo be so hard forRobert E. Speer. human nature practically to understandthat in this world faithfulness ratber tbansuccess deterraines the estiraate of Christianusefulness. Lel discouraged workersread this little story and take heart.,More than half a century ago a faiihfulrainister, coraing early to the kirk, met oneof his deacons, wdiose face wore a veryresolute, but distressed expression."I carae early to meet you," he said. "Ihave something on ray conscience to sayilORSB'S LIGHT.The Rev. George Winifred Hervey relatesthat long ago, while pursuing investigationsin the Astor Library, New York,he used often to meet there Professor F.B. ilorse, the renowned inventor of theelectric telegraph. Onee he asked himthis question: "Professor Morse, whenyou were raaking your experiraents yonderin your rooms in the university, did youever corae to a stand, not knowing whatto do next ?""Oh, yes ; raore than once." •"And at such tiraes, what did you donext ?''"I raay answer you in confidence, sir,"said the professor, "but it is a raatterofwhich the public knows nothing. WheneverI could not see ray way clearly, Ipraj'cd for raore light""And the Ught generally carae?""Yes. And I raay tell you that whenfiattering honors carae to raefrora Americaand Europe on account of the inventionwdiich bears ray narae, I never Teltthat I deserved thera. I had made a valuableappUcation of electricity, not becauseI was superior to other men, but solely becmiseGod, who raeant it for raankind.to you. Pastor, there raust be soraethingradically wrong in your preaching andwork; there has been only one personadded lo the church in a whole year, andhe is only a boy."The old rainister listened. His eyesraoistened, and his thin hand trembled onhis broad-headed cane."I feel it all," he said; "I feel U; butGod knows that I have tried to do rayduty, and I can trust ,Him for the results.""Yes, yes," said the deacon; "bul 'bytheir fruits ye shall know thera,' and onenew^ raeraber, and he, loo, only a boy,seeras to rae rather a slight evidence oftrue faith and zeal. I don't wanl to behard; but I have had tbis raatter on rayconscience, and I have done bul ray dulyin speaking plainly."

"True," sMid tiieold man; " 'but charitysuffereth long and is kind; beareth allthings, hopeth'all things.' Aye. there youhave it: 'hopeth all things.' I have greathojies of that one hoy, .Robert Sorae seedthat we sow hears fruit late, but that fruitis generally the most precious of all."The old minister went into the pulpitthat day with a grieved and heavy heart.He closed his discourse with dira and tearfuleyes. He wished that his work wasdone forever, and that he was at restaraong the graves under the blooraingtrees in the old kirk-yard.He lingered in the dear old kirk afterthe rest were gone. He wished to be alone.The place was saered and inexpressiblydear to hira. It had heen his spiritualhorae frora his youth. Before this altar hehad prayed over the dead forms of a bygonegeneration, and had welcoraed thechildren of a new generation; and here,yes, here, be had been told at last that hiswork was no longer owned and blessed!No one remained—no one? "Only ahoy."The boy was Robert Moffat. He watchedthe trembling old man. His soul wasfilled with loving sympathy. He went tohira, and laid his hand on his black gown."Well, Robert?" said the rainister.Monographs. 349"Do you think if I wore willing to workhard for an education I eould ever becomea preacher ?"".V preacher';""''Perhaps a missionary."There was a long pause. Tears filledthe eyes of the old rainister. At lengthhe said : "This heals the ache in my heart,Robert. I see the Divine hand now. ilayGod bless you, my boy ! Yes; I think youwill becorae a preacher.''Some few years ago there returned toLondon from Africa an aged raissionary.His name was spoken with reverence.When he went into an asserably the peoplerose; when he spoke in public there was adeep silence. Princes stood uncovered beforehim; nobles invited him to theirhomes.He had added a province to the Chureliel' Christ on earth; had brought under thegospel infiuence the raost savage of.African chiefs; had given the translatedBible to strange tribes; had enriched withvaluable knowledge the Royal GeographicalSociety; and had honored the hurableplace of his birth, the Scottish Kirk, theUnited Kingdom, and the universal missionarycause. That boy was Robert iloffat—Exchange.Dr. J. G. Holland once said: "I have all ray days had a card-playing communiiyopen to my observation, and I am yet unable to beUeve that that which is the universalresort of the starved in soul and intellect which has never in any way linkedto itself tender elevating or beautiful associations—the tendency of which is tounduly absorb the attention from more weighty raatters—can recommend itself to thefavor of Christis disciples. The presence of culture and genius may embellish, butcan never dignify it." I have this moment ringing in my ears the dying injunction ofmy father's eariyfriend: 'Keep your son from cards. Over them I have raurdered time and lostheaven.' Fathers and mothers, keep your sons frora cards in the horae circle. Whatmust a good angel think of a raother at the prayer-meeting asking prayers for theconversion of her son whora she allowed to remain al home playing cards for ' pastime?'"—Lutheran Observer.

35i/ Monographs."Tell me," said a young minister to an old minister wbo was approaching the endof bis life, "how you would preach now, ifyou could begin again." Tbe aged man,who had done his best to serve God, raised bis trembling hand, and said : "I wouldtry more and more to fill my sermons witb faith in the eternal love and the eternalpresence."What men want the worid over to-day is more faith in God. They believe in tbevalue of iron and coal; lhey have unlimited faith in the power of electricity; there isno depreciation of the desirability of wealth, and raen will risk anything for theshining gold. Tbere is no lack of faith to-day, only men live so much in the seen tbattbey are forgetting how to live in the unseen and eternal. The faith which prevailsis faitb in raUroad stock and in the '' Steel Trust" bonds. If heaven were only inrange of our Lick telescopes, and we could really see it, and possibly organize a companyto construct a ladder to it, or to open communication with it, there would be asudden increase of faith in that direction. But no; it does not "appear." We cansee the steel rails, but we cannot see God. We can make use of electricity, but howcan we raake any practical use of the eternal Spirit, who will give Hiraself only tomake men good and holy ?Those who are to proraote the kingdom of God must learn their lesson bere—froma parable of the '' maramon of unrighteousness," if need be. We must show not onlythat we have a faith, but that we are living in il. We must raake clear beyond adoubt that we realize the presence of God and the power of Christ, and that we bearand suff'er and triumph in this faith.—Exchange.The following beauliful story is told of the faraous Jesuit missionary, FrancisXavier, whose preaching was attended with such raarveUous results in India andother Eastern lands in the sixteenth ceniury.On one occasion, after nights and days of incessant toil, rainisteringto the questioningsand heart hunger of the raultitudes who came to hira for help, Xavier saidto his attendant: "I raust sleep, I raust sleep; ifl do not I shaU die. If anyoneconies, whoever he be, do not waken me ; I must sleep."He retired into his lent, and the faithful servant began his watch.Soon, however, even before his master was asleep, a Utile frightened - face appearedat the door.Xavier beckoned to the watcher, and said in a most tender and decided voice : "Iraade a raistake, I raade a mistake. Ifa little child comes waken rae."The Annual Report of the Bapiist Missionary Union for 1901-2 says: "Duringthe past year there bave been added by baptism to our churches in heathen lands8,497 souls; in Europe, 7,786 ; a total of 16,283, or 4,184 more than during thepreceding year. There has also been a total net increase of 15,824 in the membershipofthe churches, and $56,120 in the contributions ofthe niembers."As we go to press, the cheering news comes to us that Mrs. Andrew Alexanderbas contributed from ber share in the estate of her brother, the late Elder DavidTorrens, $1,000 towards the purchase of property and erection of a new missionbuilding in Selma, Alabama.

Editorial Notes. 351EDITORIALNOTES.—The following statement of facts willbe mailed early in November to everysettled minister and a representative ofeach mission station in the Reformed PresbyterianCburcb:FOREIGN MISSION CIRCULAR.Dear Brother:You are requested lo bring the claims ofthe Foreign Missions to tbe attention ofyour congregation. Tbe facts contained inofficial reports and in letiers from theflelds, with wbich you are familiar, showthat tbe work in all its departraents is ina very encouraging condition. There wasa large nel increase to the native meraber--ship last year, and tbere is a spirit of inquiryeverywhere. Your representativesare not sparing theraselves, working earlyand late, in the face of great opposition,and, although without proper assistance atleast in Mersina and Cyprus, are accomplishinggood results. In the three fleldserabraced in the Syrian Mission, $8,900are needed to raeet the salaries of fourministers, two ordained physicians and sixworaen; and, if tbe two additional laborerscalled for and whose services are urgentlydemanded, are secured, at least $1,600 willhave to be added to this one ilem of expenditure.Then $14,156 have been allowedfor general expenses, including salaries ofevangelists, colporteurs and teachers,necessary outlay for six boarding schools,and tbe medical departments.At the caU of the Church another ministerand a physician have been sent toChina, making an annual demand of$3,900 for salaries of Araerican raissionariesalone.These facts are slated that you may bein a position to give your congregation aclear and correct idea of what is needed inorder to bave efficient service in tbe foreignfields. It is assumed that your personalinterest in the evangelization of tbeworld will constrain you to bring tbem upto tbe trae idea and measure of Christiangiving, tbat the full appropriation ofSynod may reach the Treasury: $15,000for the Syrian Mission and $6,000 for iheChinese Mission.By order of tbe Board,E. M. Sommerville,Gor. Secy.In the foregoing circular the Secretaryof the Foreign Board does well to solicitthe co-operation of pastors. The interesithat they and their associates in the eldershipmanifest in the missionary enterprisesof the C'hurch raeasures the interestof the people under their instruction andoversight.—Sorae years ago our raissionaries inAsia Minor bought a piece of ground fora ceraetery. It has never been inclosed,and recently they wrote the Board, askingperraission to build a slone wallaround it at an estimated cost of $500,one-fifth of which they are willing to contribute.The amount needed is not largeand the Board is in full syrapathy withthe friends in Mersina in their desire tohave the graves of vtheir dead protectedagainst raarauders, and so raarked thatthe Church of the future will be able totell where lie the bodies of its devotedraissionaries; and yet, as the raoney in theTreasury is the offering of the people fordistinctively evangelistic work, the Boardbelieves that it would not be justified inusing il for any other purpose.Will congregations and individuals considerthis request, which has tbe bearty

352 Editorial Notes.endorsement of the Board, and make aspecial contribution? The work will riotbe begun until the whole araount is in thehands of Treasurer Walter T. ililler. CottonExchange Building, New York, andwhatever may he left over after completingthe wall will be covered into the ilissionTreasury.—At the regular bi-monthly raeeting ofthe Board of Foreigii ilissions the followingminute was placed on its Records :Thc Board, in accepting the resignationof Eev. Henry Easson, wishes to put onrecord its appreciation of his devotednessas a missionary and at the same time loexpress its sympathy with him in the personaland family affliction that has raadenecessary his retireraent frora the work inCyprus. For twenty years, with the exceptionof one brief visit to xAraeriea forrest, ilr. Easson labored in northernSyria, where he expended much energyand, in his intercourse with other merabersof the ilission, displayed rare Christiankindness and S3'-rapatliy in co-operativeservice. An appointment to Cyprusin 189.5 gave him an opportunity, not enjoyedbefore, of showing his ability toorganize and administer missionary operationsin a new field. I'or fivevears he repeatedlyand, often accompanied by Mrs.Easson, wdio was one with him in everygood work, visited the lading centers onthe island, everywhere proclaiming Christas the only Saviour and King, or directingevangelists and colporteurs in their work.He did not forget the charge: "Preach theWord; be instant in season, out of season;reprove, rebuke, exhort with all long-sufferingand doctrine."'The Board regrets the enforced retirementof ilr. Easson from a field wheregentleness, combined with fidelity irijireaehing a pure gospel, won the respecteven of its enemies, and have left an impressionin favor of Protestant Christianitythat raust sooner or later bearfruit in the evangelization of Cyprus. Itis the earnest prayer of every one that thisbeloved raissionary and his wife raay berestored to eomplete health and enjoyraany J-ears of successful labor in the horaeChureh. 'E. il. Sommerville,Walter T. Miller,Committee.—On Thursday preceding corarauniona meraber of Second New Yorlc handedus five dollars for the niedical work inTak Hing Chau, China.I-ECEIVED, September 23, igo2, through Olive Trees,Four Hundred and Seventy-five Dollars; being Two Hundredand Ninety from the Yovmg IVomen of the Reformed PresbyterianChurch, One Hundred and Seventy frotn its Ministers,and Fifteen, fro7n its Elders towards the support of their Missionariesfor the year igo2.$2go.ooI'/O.OO15.00$475.00e'ic€iu^y\^

O L I V E T R K B SA Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary Work in the Reformed PresbyterianChurch, U. S. A.No. DECEMBER, 1902. 12.QUESTIONS OF T H E HOUR.A MISSIONAEY SEEMON.*"I fill up that wbich is behind of theafflictions of Christ."—Col. 1 ;24.Rev. J. H. Jewett, M. A."I fiU up that which is behind!" Notthat the rainistry of reconciliation is incomplete.Nol that Gethseraane and Calvarybave failed. Not tbat the debt ofguilt is only partially paid, and there isnow a threatening reranant whicb deraandstbe sacriflce of huraan blood. Therainistry of atonement is perfected. Tbereis no outstanding debt. "Jesus paid itaU." In tbe one coraraanding sacriflcefor buman sin Calvary leaves nothing foryou and me to do. In the bundle of theSaviour's sufferings every needful pangrificial saints. In his own sphere and inhis own degree, Paul must be Cbrist repeated.As a minister in Greece and AsiaMinor Paul must re-incarnate the sacrificialspirit of Jerusalera and Galilee. Heraust "fill up tbat which is behind in thesufferings of Christ." The suggestion isthis—all rainistry for the Master rausl bepossessed by the sacrificial spirit of tbeMaster. If Paul is to help in the redemptionof Eome he must himself incarnatethe death of Calvary. If he is lo be aminisler of life he rausl "die daily." Theblood is the life. Witbout the sheddingof blood there is no regenerative toil.Every real lift iraplies a correspondingstrain, and wherever the crooked is raadestraight "virtue" raust £;o out of the erect.The snirit of Calvary is lo be re-incarnatewas borne."Bearing sharae and scoffing rude. in Ephesus and Athens and Eorae andIn ray place condemned He stood.Sealed my pardon with His blood."London and Birrainghara; the sacriflcialsuccession is to be maintained through tbeI can add nothing to tbat. There is ages, and we are to " fill up that which isnothing lacking. Tbe sacrifice is all-sufficientbehind in the sufferings of Christ."" I fill up that which is behind ! " That' And yet "I fill up that whicb is behindof the sufferings of Chrisi." . The sufferingsis nol the presumptuous boast of perilouspride; it is the quiet, awed aspiration ofneed a herald. A gospel requires an privileged fellowship with the Lord. Hereevangelist The raonarch raust repeat is an apostle, a raan who thinks raeanlyhiraself through his arabassadors. The enomrh of hiraself, counting hiraself " tbeatoning Saviour raust express Himself least of the apostles, not worthy to bethrough the ministering Paul. The workof Calvary must proclaim itself in the saccalledan apostle,'' and yet he dares towhisper his own narae alongside his Master's,and hurably to associate his own* Beprinted from the Christian World (Lon don) pangs for witb May the sufferings of redemptive

354 Questions of the Hour.love. "I fill up that which is behind ofthe sufferings of Christ." Is the associationperraissible? Are the sufferings ofChrist and His apostles complementary ?Are they profoundly co-operative in theministry of salvation? Dare we proclaimthera together?Here is an association. " In all theirafflictions He was afllicted,"—"Who isweak, and I ara not weak; who is offendedand I burn not ? " Is the association alienand uncongenial, or is it altogether legitiraateand fitting? "In all their afflictionsHe was afflicted"—the deep, poignant,passionate syrapathy of the Saviour:—"Who is weak and I am not weak?"—the deep, poignant, passionate syrapathyof the arabassador. The kinship in thesuccession is vital. The daily dying of theapostle corroborates and drives horae theone death of his Lord. The suffering syrapathiesin Rorae perfected the exquisitesensitiveness in Galilee and Jerusalem.The bleeding heart in Rome perfected therainistry of the broken heart upon theCross.Here, then, is a principle. The gospelof a broken heart deraands the rainistryofbleeding hearts. As soon as w^e cease tobleed we cease to bless. When our syrapathyloses its pangs we can no longer bethe servants of the Passion. The apostlewas a man of the raost vivid and realisticsyrapathy. " Who is weak and I am notweak f " His sj'mpathy was a perpetuationof the Passion. I ara araazed al its intensityand scope. What a broad, exquisitesurface of percepliveness he exposed to theneeds and sorrows of the race ! Wherevertherewas a pang it tore the strings of hissensitive heart. Now it is the painfulfears and alarras of a runaway slave, andnow the durab, dark agonies of people faraway. The apostle felt as vividly as heIhought and he lived Ihrough all he saw.He was being conlinually aroused by thesighs and cries of his fellow-nu-n. Heheard a ery from ilacedonia, and the painon the distant shore was reflected in hisown life. That is the only recorded voice,but he was hearing thera every day, wandering,pain-filled, fear-flUed voices, callingout of the night, voices frora Corinlh,frora Athens, frora Rorae also, and froradistant Spain! "Who is weak, and I amnot weak?" He was exhausted with otherfolks' exhaustion, and in the heavy burdensomenesshe touched the raystery ofGethseraane, and had fellowship with thesuffering of his Lord.My brethren, are we in tbis succession ?Does the cry of the world's need pierce theheart, and ring even through the fabricof our drearas ? Do we " fill up" ourLord's sufferings with our own sufferings,or are we the unsympathetic ministers ofa raighty Passion ? I ara araazed howeasily I becorae callous. I ara ashamedhow small and insensitive is the surfacewhich I present to the needs and sorrowsof the world. I so easily becorae enwrappedin the soft w^ool of self-indulgency,and the cries frora far and nearcannot reacii ray easeful soul." Why do you wish to return ? " Iasked a noble young raissionary who hadbeen invalided horae : " Why do you wisbto retuim ? " " Because I can't sleep forthinking of them!" But, ray brethren,except when I spend a day with ray Lord,the trend of ray life is quite another way.I cannot think about thera because I araso inclined to sleep! A benunibnient settlesdowm upon ray spirit, and the pangs ofthe world a'Wake no corresponding syrapathy.I can lake ray newspaper, whichis ofttimes a veritable cup full of horrors,and I can peruse il at tbe breakfasttable,and it does not add a single pangto ray feast. I wonder if one who is sounraoved can ever be a servant of the sufferingLord !

Here in ray newspaper is the long,sraall-lvped casualty list from the seal ofwar ; or here is half a column of thecriraes of ray city ; or here is a couple ofcolurans descriptive of the hot and franticdoings of the race-course ; or here is asmall corner paragraph lelling me aboutsorae raassacresin China ; or here are twoUtile hidden lines saying that a raannamed James Chalmers has been raurderedin New Guinea ! And I can read itall wbile I take my breakfast, and the darkrecord does nol haunt the day witb tbemingled wails of the orphaned and the-damned. My brethren, I do not know howany Christian service is to he fruitful ifthe servant is not nrimarily baptized inthe spirit of a suffering compassion. Wecan never heal tbe needs we do not feel.Tearless hearts can never be the heralds ofthe Passion. We raust pity if we wouldredeera. We raust bleed if we would bethe rainisters of the saving blood. Werausl perfecl by our own passion the Passionof the Lord, and by our own sufferingsyrapathies we raust "fill up thafwhich is behind in the sufferings ofChrist."Here is anoiher association. Can wefind a vital kinship ? "He offered upprayers and supplications with strong cryingand tears." So far the Master. " Iwould have you know how greatly I agonizefor you." So far the apostle. TheSaviour prayed " with strong crying andtears"; His apostle "agonized" in intercession! Is the association legitiraate ?Did not the agony at Rorae " fiU up " the*' strong cryings " al Jerusalera ? The intercessionin Rome is akin to the intercessionin Jerusalera, and both are affairsof blood. If the prayer of the disciple isto " fill up " the intercession of the Master,the disciple's prayer raust be strickenwith rauch crying and raany tears. Theministers of Calvary raust suppUcate inQuestions of the Hour. 355bloody sweat, and their intercession raustoften touch the'-point of agony.' If wepray in cold blood w6 are no longer tberainisters of the Cross. True intercessionis a sacrifice, a perpetuation of Calvary, a" filling up " of the sufferings of Christ.St. Catherine lold a friend that the anguish'whichshe experienced in the realizatiobof the sufferings of Christ was great-^est at the moment when she was pleadingfor the salvation of others. " Promise raethat Tbou wilt save thera !" she cried,and stretching forth her right hand tdJesus, sbe again iraplored in agony," Proraise nie, dear Lord, that Thou wiltsave thera. Oh, give rae a token thkt Thouwilt." Then her Lord seeraed to clasp heroutstretched hand in His, and lo give herithe proraise, and she felt a piercing pairias though a nail had been driven throughthe palni.I think I know the raeaning of the raysticexperience. She had becorae so absolutelyone with the interceding Saviourthat she entered into the fellowship of Hiscrucifixion. Her prayers were red withsacrifice, and she felt the grasp of thepierced hand.My brethren, this is the ministry whichthe Masler owns, the agonized yearningswhich perfect the sufferings of His own intercession-.Are we in the succession ? Doour prayers bleed ? Have we felt thepainful fellowship of the pierced hand ?I am so often ashamed of my prayers.They so frequently cost me nothing; theyshed no blood. I am araazed at tbe graceand condescension of my Lord that Heconfers any fruitfulness upon ray superficialpains. I think of David Brainerd—I think of his raagnificent rainistry amongthe Indians, whole tribes being swayed bythe evangel of the Saviour's love. I wonderat the secret, and the secret stands revealed.Gethseraane had its pale refiectionin Susquehanna, and the " strong-crying "

356 Questions of the Hour.Saviour bad a fellow-laborer in His agonizingsaint. Let me give you a few wordsfrom his journal, after 150 years slill wetwith the hot tears of his supplications andprayers: " I think my soul was never sodrawn out in intercession for others as ithas been this night ; I hardly ever solonged to live to God, and to be altogetherdevoted to Him ; I wanted to wear outmy life for Him." "I wrestled for theingathering of souls, for multitudes ofpoor souls, personally, in many distantplaces. I was in such an agony, from sunhalf-an-hour high till near dark, that Iwas wet, all over with sweat; but 0, mydear Lord did sweat blood for such poorsouls: I longed for more compassion."Mark the words, "I was in such anagony from sun half-an-hour high till neardark!" May we do whal David Brainerdwould not do ? May we reverently whisperthe word side by side with anoiher and agreater word, " And being in an agony Heprayed more earnestly, and His sweat wasas it were great drops of blood fallingdown to the ground." I say, was not Susquehannaa faint echo of Gethsemane, andwas not David Brainerd filling up "tbatwhich was behind in the sufferings ofChrist"?Brethren, all vital intercession raakes adraught upon a man's vitality. Real supplicationleaves us tired and spent. Why!the Apostle Paul, when he wishes to expressthe poignancy of his yearning intercessionfor the souls of men, does nothesitate to lay hold of the pangs of laborto give it adequate interpretation. "Mylittle children, of whom I travail in birth,%gain till Christ be formed in you." AgainI say, it was only the eeho of a strongerword, "He shall see of ihe travail of Hissoul and shall be satisfied." Are we in thesuccession? Is intercession with us a" travail," or is it a play-time, the leastexacting of all things, an exercise in whichtbere is neitber labor nor blood? "Theblood is the life." Bloodless intercessionis dead. It is only the man wbose prayeris a vital expenditure, a sacrifice, whoholds fellowship with Calvary, and "fillsup that whicb is behind in the sufferingsof Christ."Here is another association. Ts it legitimate?"Master, the Jews of late soughtto stone Thee, and goest Thou thitheragain?" "Having stoned Paul" (at Lystra)"they drew him out of the city supposinghe had been dead. And Paul returnedagain io Lystra." Back to tbestones! Is that in the succession? Is notthe apostle the corapleraent of his Master?Is he not doing in Lystra wbat hisMaster did in Judsea? Is be not fillingup "that whicb was behind" ?Back to the stones! " Master, the Jewsof late sought to stone Thee, and goestThou thither again?" The Boxers of latesought to deciraate tbee, poor little flock,and goest thou thither again? The NewGuineans have butchered thy Chalmersand thy Tomkins, and goest thou thitheragain ? Tbou hast been tiring thyself foryears, seeking to redeem this raan and tbatraan, emd he treats thee wilh indifferenceand contempt, and goest tbou thitheragain? My brethren, are we familiar wilhthe road that leads baclc to tbe stones ? Itwas farailiar to the Apostle Paul, andwhen he trod tbe heavy way be enteredthe fellowship of his Master's pains, andknew that he " filledout that which wasbehind of the sufferings " of his Lord. Togo again and face the stones is to perpetuatethe spirit of the ilan who "set Hisface steadfastly to go to Jerusalem," eventhough it raeant derision, desertion, andthe Cross. We never really know our Maslerunlil we kneel and loil among the drivingstones. Only as we experience the" fellowship of His sufferings" can weknow " the power of His resurrection.''

There is a sentence in David Hill's biography-^-tbatrare, gentle, refined spirit,wbo moved like a fragrabce in bis littlepart of China—a sentence which bas burntitself into tbe very marrow of my mind.Disorder bad broken out, and one of tberioters seized a huge splinter of a smasheddoor, and gave him a terrific blow on tbewrist, almost breaking bis arra. And howis it all referred to ? " There is a deep joyin actually suffering physical violence forChrist's sake." That is all! It is a strangecorabination of words—suffering, violence,joy! And yet I reraember the evangel ofthe apostle, "If we suffer with Him weshall also reign wiih Him," and I cannotforget tbat the epistle whicb bas mucb tosay about tribulation and loss bas raost tosay about rejoicing! " As the sufferingsof Ghrist abound in us, so our consolationalso aboundeth through Christ." Thesemen did nol shrink from the labor wbenthe stones began lo fly. Tbe strength ofopposition acted upon thera like an inspiration.Have you ever noticed that raagniflcentturn whicb tbe apostle gives to a certainpassage in his second letter to the Corinthians? "I will tarry at Ephesus* * * *for a great door and effectual is openedunto me, and there are many adversaries!""There are many adversaries * * * jwill tarry! " Tbe raajesticopposition constitutesa reason to reraain! My bretbren,that is the raartyr's road, and he whotreads that way lives the martyr's life, andeven thougb he do not die the raartyr's heathen.dealh he shall have tbe raartyr's crown.Back to the stones! " It is the way theMaster went," and to be found in thatway is lo perpetuate the sacrificial spirit,and to " fill up that which is behind of thesufferings of Christ."To be, therefore, in the sacrificial succession,our syrapathy raust be a passion,our intercession raust be a groaning, ourQuestions of the Hour. 357beneficence rausl be a sacrifice, and ourservice raust be a raartyrdora. In everythingthere raust be the shedding of bloodsHow can we attain unto it? Wbat is thesecret of the sacrificial life? II is bere.The raen and the woraen who willinglyand joyfully share the fellowship ofChrist's sufferings are vividly conscious ofthe unspeakable reality of tbeir own personalrederaption. They never forgei tbepil out of whicb they have been digged,and lhey never lose the reraerabrance ofthe grace that saved thera. " He loved me,and gave Himself for rae "; therefore, " Iglory in tribulation! " " By tbe grace ofGod I ara what I ara "; therefore, " I willgladly spend and be spent!" The insertionof tbe therefore is not illegitiraate: ilis the iraplied conjunction which revealsthe secrel of the sacrificial life. WhenHenry Marlyn reached the shores of Indiahe raade this entry in his journal: " I desireto burn out for God," and at the endof the far-off years the secret of his grandenthusiasra stood openly revealed. "Lookal rae," he said lo tbose about hira as bewas dying, "look at rae, the vilest of sinners,but saved by grace ! Amazing thatI can be saved!" It was that araazeraent,wondering all Ihrough his years, thatraade hira such a fountain of sacrificialenergy in the service of his Lord.My brethren, are we in the succession?Are we shedding our blood ? Are we flllingup "that which is behind in the sufferingsof Christ " ? They are doing it araong theIt was done in Uganda, whenthat handful of lads, having been tortured,and their arms cut off, and while they werebeing slowly burnt to death, raised a songof triumph, and praised their Saviour inthe fire, "singing till their shrivelledtongues refused to form the sound." Theyare doing il in China, the. little remnantof the decimated churches gathering hereand there upon the very spots of butchery

358 Questions of the Hour.and martyrdoin, and renewing their cove- it rae surrounded with savages wilh spearsnant with the Lord. They are "filling up and clubs, give it rae back again wUhthat which is behind of the sufferings of spears flying about rae, wrth the clubChrist." They are doing it among the knocking'me to the ground—give it meraissionaries. Jaraes Hannington was do- back, and I will be still your missioriary! "ing it when he wrote this splerididly heroic Are w^e in the succession?w^ord, when he was encountered by treraendousopposition: -'"I refuse to be disap- "A noble array, raen and boys,pointed; I will o'nly praise!" James The matron and the maid,Chalmers was doing it when, after long Around the Saviour's throne rejoice,years of hardship and difficulty, he pro- In robes of light arrayed;clairaed his unalterable choice: "Eecall They clirabed the steep ascent of Heaventhe twenty-one years, give rae back all its Through peril, toil and p^in !experiences, give rae its shipwrecks, give 0 God, to us raay grace be givenrae its standings in the faee'bf death, give To follow in their train."As we hear from day to day of some great raan or woman passing away and notethe remark, "Ho\V they wiU be missed," we begin lo think, " Would I be missed?''Have we tried to live so that others would be better for having known us ? Have wetried to leave a ray of sunshine in the'lives of those with whom we carae in contact ?Have we helped'a fallen brother rise ? Have we a good supply of the seeds of kindnessto scatter about the highways and byways ? Have we been flrm in the cause ofright and justice ? Have we iraproved every opportunity of serving the Masler, reraeraberingthat in small things sometiraes lie our greatest opportunities ? Are westriving to live up to the best that is in us, to have our lamp always trimraed andburning brightly ? If we are doing these things we shall surely be missed, and if weare not, we have failed, for one who has not tried it knows not the joy there is inservice.—T/ie Baptist Commonwealth.The decree of the Empress Dowager of China would seem to indicale that shereally has a desire lo put an end to thc custom of foot binding. A recent edict reads :"The gentry and notables of Chinese descent are commanded to earnestly exhorttheir families and all who come under tbeir influence to abstain henceforih from thatevil praclice, and by tliese means gradually abolish the custom forever." A singularilem in the decree states that it has carefully avoided the words " We prohibit," sothat dishonest officials and yamen underlings may nol have auy excuse to browbeatand oppress her Chinese subjects who do not immediately follow this decree, on thestrength that they have disobeyed the Imperial commands. The court clearly recognizesthe fact that it is a common practice among officials to browbeat andoppress.—Missionary Herald." One sentence frora Tennyson, quoted to me by a friend, helps me very muchwhen I have anything particularly distasteful to do ; ' As one for whom" Christdied.' I say il over to myself, and the feeUng gives place to a great pity and agreatlonginglodosimiething forthe souls and bodies ofthe sin-sick, ignorant sislerswhom thegreat Elder Brother considered worth sufl'ering and dying for."—Ruskin.

News of the Churches. 359N E W S OF T H E CHURCHES.ABROAD.Latakia, Syria.—A letter frora MissMaggie B. Edgar will be read with interest:School work is going on as usual, andthere is nothing particular to write aboutit. We are baving a tirae of drought Norain yet; wells and cisterns are dry, as therainfall last winler was less than usual.The long heat and drought cause a g-ooddeal of fever, and we have few days withoutsorae one sick.Last week one of our teachers, GebraGurgis, went to Tartoos and brought horaeas bis bride the second daughter ofTeacber Yacob Juraidini. I cannot tellyou about tbe wedding, for Eev. C. A.Dodds was the only raissionary present.He carae frora Kessab to Tartoos, tbreedays' journey, to marry thera. Tbe daythey were to arrive in Latakia we closed tbeboys' school early in the afternoon, and theteacher,- wilh a nuraber of other friends,rode out of town about an hour lo raeetthe bride and groora and escort themhome. It is a great pleasure lo us to haveone of our own girls come back to us as thewife of one of our teachers. You knowhow raany of the horaes among our peopleare divided homes, and we have good hopethat this new horae will be both a hapoyand a wholly Christian honie. It was verygood to see husband and wife out at bothservices on Sabbaih, though that is altogelhercontrary to native custom, and onlvthose who know what a power " custom "is in this country, can understand how difficultit is to do something against it.Two of our forraer girl pupils, who havebeen in Egypt, visited their homes herethis sumraer. One of thera is eraployed asa Bible woraan in Tanta. EgvptTheother was about to be employed in thegirls' school in Assiout, when she raarriedone of the raost respected nalive teachersin the U. P. Mission there; so if lhey haveleft us here, we trust they are doing goodelsewhere., Mr. Stewart and Mr. Dodds, with theirfarailies, are still in Kessab, but we hopethey will soon be down. It is good forthe children that they are not here in theheat We are looking for rain to refreshus all.Suadia, Syria. — Miss Cunningharawrites as follows under dale of October 9:This has been a very dry suraraer. Wehave had no' rain since April last, andeverything, is parched. The wells in boththe schools are quite dry, and have been forthe last raonth. We will nol be able toopen school until we have sorae rain.There is tbe usual amount of suramer sickness,but nothing beyond.I thinlc I never saw all the services aswell attended as they have been this suramer.The chapeh is generally full everySabbath, and the women's meeting likewise.We also have a little service everyday at the clinics. One of the women whohas attended the women's raeeting prettyregularly has just died of consuraption.She was yery eager ^ to hear and alwayswanted to see sorae of us. I was wilh hera good deal, and at the last she would eatonly what I sent her. The faraily are verypoor people. ,Her raother brought her toher house so that I could see her oflen, asher husband's horae was a good bit away.When she was near her last the mother-inlawcarae and took her- quilt, and, wantedto take, the bed frora under her, saying," She will die here, and then you will keepher bed." The bed is worth about one dol-

360 News of the Churches.lar, and when I went lo see her they werehaving this squabble over her. The poorworaan rolled herself onto the floor andsaid, "Let her take tbe bed." The motherin-lawwas ashamed when I came on thescene, and gathered up the quilt and raadeoff, saying lo rae, "I ara going to wasbthe quill for ber." II was a good while beforewe could get ber coraposed because tbeneighbors had all gathered, and each onehad to have their say, although I supposeraost of thera would have done the saraething. All the tirae she was ill the priestnever carae, and they never sent for hira,not even when they knew she was dying.They said, " We have no money, and hewill not come without.'' She told me overand over again that she was resting inChrist as her only Saviour. Tbe morningshe died happened to be a Saint's day, andthe priest called on his rounds and gaveher the Corban. A little while before shedied she sent the raother for rae. Shewas quite sensible up to the last. I stayedwith tbe raother when they took the bodyaway. She coraes to all our services, and Ido hope tbat she raay be led lo accept theLord Jesus as her Saviour and King.The teacher in the girls' school has leflus, as she is engaged lo be raarried. Quiteagainst ray advice the relatives engagedher to a raeraber of the Greek Churcb.Coraraon repori says he is little belter thana highway robber, but she is in hopes ofreforraing hira. I ara afraid she will findil a very hard lask.Eev. J. Boggs Dodds, writing frora KessabOctober 17, says:Owing lo a scarcity of water, we do nolthink il wise lo open the schools in Suadiauntil rains corae to fillour wells. Manycases of fever and -dysentery are traceableto bad water here. So we are hoping forrain.Our Sabbath services continue to be wellattended. Many corae daily for places fortbeir cbildren in our schools. There is nolack of opportunity for work, but all mustfeel the responsibility of getting rigbt results." * * * Bu^ Qo^ giyeth theincrease."Eev. S. H. Kennedy and bis wife havereturned and will settle in Alexandretta,our seaport They spent a few days withmy wife and cbildren here. They left todayfor Antioch, frora wbicb place tbeywill raove their household furnishings atonce to tbeir new fleld of labor.I will go down to-raorrow. Every Sabbathand raost of eacb week, I ara tbere.The people always aslc rae wben our farailywill be back to Suadia, but I thinlc thatlhey are better in the mountains a littlewhile yel. They are in fairly good health.Mersina, Asia Minor.—A leiter fromMiss McNaughton, written October 11,contains the following items:I returned from Cyprus August 21,after a most pleasant vacation. Weopened school Septeraber 8. Eighty boysapplied as boarding pupils. Our accommodations,however, would not permit raeto receive raore than forty-four. Twelveof these are Fellaheen, four Catholics, oneArraenian, the rest Syrian and Greeks.Only four of the boarders are frora Mersina.Adana, Tarsus, and a number ofvillages are represented. There areeighty-five boys in tbe day schooh and anuraber will enler the coraing week. Ihear we will have a bundred day boys beforeChristraas. There are sorae Jews.They are very pleasant boys and seeraraucb interested in tbe scbool.October 27 Rev. R. J. Dodds wrote:I have been raost of ray tirae, for a fewweeks, in Guznah. I went to the mountainspartly because of ray physical conditionbeing badly ran down, so far as I

could judge rayself, not having any raedicaltestimony to tbat effect, however, bulpriraarily and principally because tbe interestsof the Mission seemed to deraandmv presence. I preached there every Sabbathto small congregations. The villageis deserted, except by the Turks and bycarpenters, plasterers, stone raasons, etc.,wbo are either building new, or repairingold, houses for people.When I ara absent frora Mersina servicesare conducted by our evangelist, MachailLuttoof, a very good, earnest raan.The attendance has been good. Tbedoorkeeper told rae they could barely flndenough seals for people last Sabbath forenoon.I always like to bear of big raeelingsand to see them, though I am farfrora thinking tbe Holy Spirit cannot, ordoes not, often aeeoraplish great things insraall gatherings.Gabriel Luttoof, wbo is superintendentof the Sabbath School, reports good attendanceand interest. Last Sabbaihtbere were 168 in Sabbath Scbool. Twoof tbese were Moslems. One week ago, instating to the scbool how many bad beenpresent, he said, "And one of these was astranger, a Moslera, and I will ask all thescholars to pray that the nuraber of themwho attend may be increased." "So," hesaid to me joyfully, "yesterday that Moslemcame and brougbt anotber!"Cyprus.—A letter from Dr. W. M.Moore, written October 33, contains itemsNews of the Churches. 361of interest:I ara glad to say tbat the new churcbhas been fllledat all meetings of late. Iwish Mrs. Alexander could have seen itlast Friday night. All tbe chairs wereoccupied, and some chairs had two boys oneacb. The adults give good attention, andthe boys too, with very few exceptions.No rain here yel. If another year followslike the last, tbere will be dire distress.Men are working for 8 and 10cents, brealcing stones for tbe governraent.Poor people! And yet tbey have little inclinationlo turn from their sins.Mr. Aigyptiades went to Faraagustalast Saturday, Mr. Varavois baving gonethere the Thursday before, and he wroterae Monday raorning that they tried tobold a- raeeting on Sabbath, but only twohad the courage to corae. I intend to bethere next Sabbath unless hindered bysorae sickness.In Nicosia the colporteur holds raeetingstwice a week, but on recent occasionsbad boys and raen have given rauchtrouble. He writes very often, lamentingthat we have no raissionarystationedthere in the largest city on the island.Last Sabbath there were in SabbathScbool 40 Greeks in 3 classes, boys from14 years and upward, and 6 or 8 raen andworaen.Oct. 24. We had a flne rain night beforelast, and tbings look fresher.On October 28 Dr. Moore wrote:On Saturday I went to Famagusta to bewitb Mr. Aigyptiades over Sabbath. Onarriving about 1:30 P. M., I raet severalyoung raen whora I knew. One who basa good influence in the place offeredto help me, as he bas often helped Mr.Easson when he was there. Mr. A. hadarranged for meetings at 10 A. M. and3 P. M., Sabbath, at the bouse of Mr.Kassilian, an Arraenian, and bis wife, aGreek, who bave asked lo be united withour Churcb. Mr. L., a young Greek, saidbe would belp us with the raeetings.About an hour afterwards he came, sayingthat the men said they would not corae tohear a Greek who had becorae a Protestant,but tbat if I would speak, they wouldcorae. I lold hira tbat Mr. A. bad coraeto preach and was prepared. But that ifthey carae, I would speak a little before or

3!62 News of the Churches.after his serraon. He said he, would tryagain. rThe next raorning he said that noGreeks would corae unless we proraisedthera that Mr. A. would, not speak. Thecause of all this is siraply fanaticisra andhatred of one who has changed frora OrthodoxGreek to Protestant. So we agreedthat Mr. Aigyptiades would preach in theraorning at Mr. Kassilian's bouse, and thatI would hold a raeeting.in the afternoon.Mr. A. preached a very good serraon. Wehad eight present, but no Greeks, exceptthe wife of Mr. Kassilian.In the afternoon none carae unlil alraosttirae lo begin, and we feared' Satan hadfound another way. But in a few rainutesthe roora was full, over thirty Greeks,and araong thera a priest. They werevery attentive and quiel. I asked Mr. A.lo close the meeting, which he did in avery beautiful prayer. We then askedlhem to meet us at the hotel, where therewould be more roora, at 7:30 in the evening.Before tirae lo begin the room wasfull. After raaking a short prayer and afew remarks, I told lhem that I wishedMr. A. to speak to them on regeneration.This was the subject he had chosen forhis sermon. They gave him good attention,and afterward I spoke, ahd Mr. A.closed with prayer. Nearly all of themshook hands, and raany said that they werepleased with our meetings, and len ortwelve reraained and had a tallc with usafter the raeeting. Mr. A. was at Kyrenia,and there he -had very good raeetings,butat this place he found this opposition ofa new kind. At the last raeeting aboutflfty were preseni, and all belonging lo thebetter class.We will try to take turns, and at leastone Sabbath each raonth have meetingsthere. All of.our workers and membersare well.In a letter dated Nov. 5, Dr. ilooresays:Our colporteur at Nicosia has had alarge aitendance of Greeks al his meetings.:Recently, sorae boys, or rather young raen,have been giving rauch trouble. •! waspresent last Friday, and there were flveor six boys there talking in an undertoneand raocking at wbat was said. But othersseeraed to be asharaed of thera andgave good attention. On Sabbath none ofthese bad boys were present, and we hadgood raeetings. They are probably sentby the "Greek Brotherhood," a new societythat stands for pure (?) orthodoxy.Our work is going on well. Tbe bretbrenin Kyrenia ask for a preacher to belocated there a year at least. They arepleased with Mr. Aigyptiades, and I tbinkhe should be stationed tbere as soon as yousend us a ininister.The next raorning Dr. Moore was ablelo send the following interesiing item:To Dr. Moore.Dear Sir:Please lake noiice that we, the undersigned,together with our children, desireto becorae raerabersof the Reforraed PresbyterianChurch.• Al present, we are studying the catechisraof'the Westrainster Asserably. Wereraain,Your obedient servants in Christ,Michael Kassilian,Athana Kassilian.Mr. Kassilian bas been an inquirer forsorae tirae. He told rae that he carae tothe light by reading good books, and frora.thera he was led to the Bible. He hadraet Mr. Easson, before he left, and badhad some talk with hira. His wife wasvery rauch opposed, and only on our lastvisit was she able to give up. Now thewife seems to be more zealous than herhusband.

Mr. Kassilian has a good governraentpost, and there can be no question of anyworidly gain. He and his wife are abovethe average in education here. They havethree very nice cbildren, and pray for aProtestant school. We trust God has selecledthem as the firstfruits of our Missionat this point where Paul entered theisland. Last week's paper bas a letterfrom Famagusta warning all to stay awayfrora our meetings and calling tbem ascandal to tbe coraraunity. Tbe coramonpeople are our friends, but a few wbo havean axe to grind stir them up against us.China.—Miss Jennie B. Torrence,wriling from Macao, September 29, says:As tbe extreme heat of tbe Septeraberdays advanced we found it necessary totake a little rest. Dr. George and I actedon tbe advice of our friends and will spenda fortnight al the coast. After ninemontbs in tbe interior we enjoy coming incontact witb civilization, and find tbe seabreeze very invigorating.Sabbatb morning we attended servicesal the Presbyterian English MissionSchool. Thirty-five Chinese were presentand gave undivided attention while Dr.Wisner preacbed a most, interesting sermonon the passage—"They took bimeven as be was in the ship." Mark 4:36.II was a real joy to be able to follow theline of thought throughout. It requiresonly a few months of isolation to makeone fuUy appreciate a serraon in English.Although we are stationed far frora civilizationwe enjoy quiet, peaceful Sabbath^.Sabbath evening, the Governor here gavea big ball in bonor of the King of Porlugahcelebrating his birthday. Consequentlythe day -was desecrated in raaking decorations. and ^preparations for the evening.The Lord is long-suffering and mercifulin dealing with sinners.Work at our station is moving along asNews of the Churches. 363usual. The Sabbath services during thelast monlh have been particularly en-_ couraging. Mrs. Eobb gives Bible instructionto the women in the morning beforeservices. After the serraon ilr. Eobb talkswith all the raen and boys. Those of youwho raeet for prayer-raeeting on Thursdayafternoons, will reraeraber that is the dayof tbe woraen's prayer-raeeting at TakHing Cbau, China. Tbe responsibility oftbe leader is great. She needs your earnestprayer. It is prayer, constant, perpetual,earnest prayer, rising frora closets,from faraily altars, frora the places wheresaints raeet in social fellowship, and frorathe great congregation, those gates of Zionwhich God loves raore than all the dwellingsof Jacob, that secures the continuanceof all divine raercies.We are counting the days until we hopeto raeet our dear friends who are now uponthe sea. We pray they may be brought tous in safety, in the full enjoyment of tbeblessing of God.New Hebrides.—Olive Trees takesthe liberty of giving its readers a privateleiter frora Dr. John G. Paton to Mrs.and Mr. Soraraerville. It was writtenfrom Uripiv, September, 1902:I hope you are well. Delighted to hearof the activity and zeal of your dear youngpeople. The Lord Jesus bless them, andgive each of thera increased power and influenceand success, in helping to savesouls by drawing thera to hear the' preacbinsrof the gospel, and enjoy tbe means ofgrace in your church. It is' Christ'swork, and to the workers He gives Hisown precious promise, "Lo, I aih wdth youalway, even unto the end of tbe world."And -hov/ it carries its own reward to eachdevoted worker.in both the horae and foreignfield as included in- "all tbe world."When we feel weak in ourselves, with sucha promise lo sustain, the weakest may be

364 News of the Churches.and feel oranipotent in Christ Jesus inpreaching the gospel for the salvation ofpliances, they got thera dragged to wherethey are and fixed up as they are, it is alraostsinners, including "every creature." Oh,irapossible lo iraagine, but there theythe raarvelous love and mercy of our dear are. At one village I counted 130 greatLord Jesus! Mav we all drink deeper intoils joys day and night, till called to theglory and unending peace and joy of beingwooden iraages fixed along tbe side of theroad in one of their sacred grounds, andhundreds of stones. The savages stranglewith Him in Heaven. Araen.to dealh or bury alive the long sick andHow it would grieve and draw forth the aged. I have been much grieved to seethe syrapathies of your dear helpers, ifyou heard the dreadful, deafening noisegirls ten or twelve years of age sold to menas wives for so raany bogs each, and eachof a raultitude of heathen at one of their to those who give tbe greatest nuraber. Ifdances, in heathen worship and revelry,yelling and shouting such as none of youever heard, and to be pained with the feelingthat you cannol 'help them; tbey arethe girl after taken horae runs away, herowner goes for her with an arraed parly,and takes her away by force, and if sheruns away again, she is forced back in theglued to their idols. Yet, to many of same way, and by red-hot fierysticks linesthera in the church and open air at theirvillages, through Mr. Gilian, our son-inlaw,as interpreter, we have been able toon her breast are burned; and if she runsaway again, a red-hot stone is placed behindher knee or behind both knees, accordingpreach to raany of thera. On the otherto the cruelty of her purchaser,hand, Mrs. Gilian and Mrs. Paton have aparty of Christian young people who areso that she raay pot be able to run awayagain, and by this she raay be laraed forraet in the next rpora singing Christian life. The parents seera as kind to girlshymns. The Christian party are very as to boys till lhey corae to be len orearnest and devoted, and set a good exarapletwelve years of age, and sorae even atto all. The heathen are very eight years old are then looked upon asnearly without any clothing, and they there only for sale to who will give theseera to have no sharae, yet they are raost hogs for thera. The one we saw soasharaed at first to pul on and wear taken away was bought as the fourth wifeclothing. I passed through four or five lo a raan who bad three already. We sawof their sacred grounds, and they are all another who had been sold a few days afteraround, filled with wood and stone idols, her father's deatb by his relative. Tbegreat, ugly carved wood iraages, eight or girl has no say for or against being sold.len feet high. The stones are flat or Such is heatbenisra on Uripiv, Malekula,long, flxedin the ground along the public and all the islands round it. Her ownerpath. The iraages on the olher side of can sell ber again. Oh, that God raaythe path are fixed in the ground also in aline araong great stones, sorae of thera severalsoon bring the natives under the power ofChrisl's teachings, which alone can changetons' weight. How, -with their ap­all theseIhings.The German Governmenl has at length issued a decree concerning "domesticslavery " for the Cameroons and German Togo. By its provisions aU children ofdomestic slaves born after the date of its publication (February 2Ist) are to be free,while the practice of enslaving a debtor in payment of a claim has received aneffective check.—Die Deutschen Kolonien (B. H.)

AT HOMB,Allegheny, Pa.—The Central Boardfurnishes the following items :Financial Statement.On handExpendl- On handOot. 1,1902. Receipts, turea. Nov. 1,190-3.Southern Miesion $1,866.16 $108.31 $l,419..i6 10.00Chinese Mission 407.64 181.501564.91Selma BuildiDRFund 792,74 356.15100.00 397.64974,24Jet7ish Domestic Mission Mission 19hi.U4 198.74 947.99 1,721.65454.19OverdrawnOverdra-wnNov. 11,1902.279.50Nov. 1,1902.ludianMission Domestic.—A 471.40 letier was 716.66 read 524,76 from Mrs. 574.92D. Lang, Mead, Spokane Co., Wash., tellingof- an inviting fleld in the neighborhoodin whicb she lives and wbich is unoccupiedby any church. Mr. J. T. Mitchellwas appointed to labor there three raonths.It is distant over three bundred railesfrom Seattle.Southern.—The property opposite theschool has been purchased for $2,650cash. A generous donation of $1,000 justifledthe Board in raaking a cash purchase.Will those subscribers wbo havenot as yet paid the amounts promised, doso at once? Tbe raoney is needed.The change in tuition charges has thusfar worked well. The bighest araount reeeivedin October any previous year was$91. This year it is $145. The attendanceis 325, no roora having less tbanthirty pupils.VaUey Creek School opened tbe flrstMonday of November witb an enrollmentof thirteen, and Pleasant Grove wilh anenrollment of flfteen. Mrs. Kynett bascharge of tbe former, and Mr. Pickens ofthe latter: Tbe rooras of the scbool buildingare being kalsomined by one of tbepupils, who works mornings and evenings,and on Saturdays.Indian.—A congregation was organizedat the mission by Kansas Presbytery atits late meeting. Two elders and two deaconswere ordained and installed. ThereNews of the Churches. 365was a large attendance. Much interestwas taken in the proceedings.Chinese.—The attendance at the missionis about as usual. Prayer-raeeting isheld eyery Wednesday evening. A Bibleclass is conducted on Sabbaih evenings.There is no intention on the part of tbescholars to scatter. Interesting lettersfrora several of thera, as also frora Eev. N.E. Johnston, were read at the raeetingofthe Board on the 19th.J. W. Sproull.Mr. Eobert Aikin died al bis home onSumraer Hill, near Allegheny, on Oct.30, 1902, in the eighly-flrst year of hisage. He was one of the original merabersof the Central Congregation, and forraany years an elder. He was the repre-.sentative of Session in the Spring GardenMission frora ils organization till hisdeath. It can be truthfully said of Mr.Aikin' that he endeavored to dischargeconscientiously all the duties that devolvedupon hira. He aitended regularlythe churcb services, the raeelingsof Session,and the higher church courts wbenappointed, as long as his healtb perraitted.He was careful to visit the sick. By hissuitable words and earnest prayers - bebrought comfort to many an afflicted childof God. Upon the proraises in the Wordhe rested all his hopes, and when tbe timecarae to enter "the Valley," he did so withoutfear. His was the death of "the perfecland the upright raan"—"peace." Itwas in the bope of a blessed resurrectionthrough Christ we gave back to earth allthat was raortalof hira we loved so rauch.May "the Father of all raercies and theGod of all corafort" corafort with Hiscorafort the sorely bereaved wife and fara-ily-Boston, Mass.—The annual conventionof the New Bngland Christian Asso-

366 News of the Churchy.ciation, in opposition lo the secret dodgesystera, was held in Brorafleld Street M.E. Church, Nov. 18-19, 1902. The Fresidentraade the opening address on thetopic: "Christ the King vs. the Lodge."It was pointed out that Jesus Christ isKing over the individual, the church andthe stale; that the lodge systera is Satan'scounterfeit of Chriat's dorainion, and tbatChristians are coraraanded to come outfrom araong thera and be separate.Eev. E. G. Wellesley-Wesley, Providence,E. I., sent a paper wbich was nextread by Secretary Stoddard, entitled, "APlurab-Line." He quoted sorae ten differentpassages of Scripture and showedthat the lodge fails in every case to coraeup to the plurab-line. Brother Wesley is.a rainisterof the Free Baptist Church.He was forraerly a missionary in SouthAmerica. He is in advance, of raostofhis brethren, and holds the Keswick ideal.Rev. W. Stanley Post, pastor CongregationalChurch, Westharapton, Mass., readan interesting paper on "Things Done ina Corner." It was a narrative of his personalexperience in his several pastoratesin opposing the lodge.The forenoon of Wednesday was devotedto the business meeting of theBoard. It is proposed to purchase abuilding for headquarters in Boston. Mr.Buck, of Putnam, Conn., left $10,000 forthis purpose, provided the Associationraise $15,000 by Jan. 1, 1903:. The Societyhas already $11,000 secured, andhopes to oblain the reraaining $4,000within the tirae liraitRev. J. P. Stoddard read a paper at theafternoon session on "Bodies and SoulsWanted; Bidders, the Lodge and theChurch." The lodge wants raensound inbody and raind, capable of earning andgiving raoney. Women, children, coloredpeople, diseased, cripples, sUly people andthe ignorant are not wanted. Only thosewho can help the order are sought. Thechurch invites the whole human faraily—raen, woraen and children, old and young,ignorant and learned, barbarians, Jews,heathen, diseased, crippled, foolish, vicious—all—whosoeverwill, corae withoutraoney and without price.Benjarain F. Trueblood, LL.D., spoke,The lodge appeals to curiosity. - It hasno secrets. But its blinded .windows andlocked doors incline young raen to go inand see. It appeals to the love of display.Its sashes, plumes, swords, buttons,etc., and marching before the crowd,are an incentive to join. Take these awayand raost lodges would die in ten years.It appeals to benevolence. But it stuntsthe larger benevolence by liraiting itselfto its own, and only those of them tbatpay their dues. The best thing he saidwas: "My father taught me-the lodge waswrong and I" follow ray-father's instructtion." Thait is the kind of boy that Godblesses. He makes such a son of such afather a noble prince in all the earth.Rev. B. E. Bergesen, of the NorwegianChurch, said the gravest objection to thelodge is, il is a religion wiihout Cbrist.Henry M. Moore, a Boston merchantand prorainent worker in Moody's Institution,said: The lodge defeats justice mour courls. It takes our men from prayver-meeting. It requires thera to pay dueswith raoney that sbould be given to thechurch's work.•Eev. W. I. Phillips, of the Christian 'Cynosure, Chicago, spoke in the eveuingon "History and Outlook of Anti-Lodge .Reforra." Rev. S. McNaugher presided.Eev. S. G. Shaw read the financialrepprtJ. M. Fostei;.Glenwood, Minn.—Oct. 16, 1902,Lake Eeno congregation elected three el- .ders and two deacons. The persons'chosen having expressed their willingness

to accept, the thirty-first of that raonthwas set as the tirae for their ordinationand installation, the day being observedas a fast day in corinection with the coraraunionservices. After the sernion theusual queries were put to the candidates,and they w^ere set apart to the offices towhich tbey had been called. It was anirapressive scene ^lo see twin brotherskneeling side by side, receiving ordination,one to the eldership and the olher to thedeaconate. Eev. W. C. Allen, being presentas assistant on the occasion, was invitedto take part in the services.Saturday the Session received two newmembers, one a young married raan, theother a young girh neither of whora hadbeen baptized. So, after the sermon byMr. Allen, these persons and tbree infantswere baptized. Sabbath morning the Sessionwas ealled to receive two other applicants,one of whom had been in comraunionwitb the Methodist Church. Theother was received on profession of faith,and as he had not been baptized, the ordinancewas administered to him after theexplanation of the Psalm; Over eightypersons corarauned. A serraon on Monday,Noveraber 3, closed a very enjoyablecoraraunion, for whicb we are all thankful.J. L. Bwing.Houston, III.—We passed through avery pleasant coraraunion season on thelast Sabbaih of October, Dr. T. P. Eobbassisting. There were two accessions. OnMonday steps were taken, looking to theerection of a new cburch building.New York.—On Sabbath, Nov. 30,1902, Messrs. Jaraes Dow, Sr., AlexanderAdaras, Stewart S. Casey and JosephHaraiUon were set apart to the eldershipin Second New York. The Psalm, thatcame in regular order that morning wasNews of ihe Churches. 367the 131st, clearly indicating the spiritwith whieh we should yield ourselves tothe service of God. The sermon was on"The Duties of the Eldership," a briefstudy of 1 Peter 5:2, 3. After the ordinationand installation prayer, Messrs.Walter T. Miller and Andrew Alexanderbriefly addressed the new elders in a veryaffectionate and impressive raanner,pointing out the responsibilities involvedin the pastoral care of souls. ThenMessrs. Henry O'Neill and J. J. Mackeownaddressed the people, urging therato syrapathetic and prayerful co-operationwith the raen whom they had chosen tobe their leaders. Three of these eldersare young men, and all of thera, ever sincetheir connection with the congregaiion,have manifested a deep interesi in itsprosperity, their attendance upon ordinancesand devotion to work in the SabbathSchool and on other lines challengmgattention. It raust have been theprayer of every one that, with the layi'ngon of hands, they raight be filledwilh theSpirit and thus be raade springs of blessingto the people.Araong recent events in the New Yorkcongregaiions none has raade a deeperirapression than the dealh of Elder EobertMcNeill, who, after a brief illness,passed away about noon, Tuesday, Nov.11, 1902. Mr. McNeiU was bom in thenorth of Ireland, August 14, 1847, andin early raanhood was received into thefull comraunion of the church in whichhe had been baptized. Evidently theprayers of the pious parenls who thus dedicatedhim to ,God in infancy, clainiingfor their boy the blessings and privilegesof the New Covenant, were heard, and becaraea potent factor in the forraation ofa lovely Chrislian character.Coraing to this country when abouttwenty years' of age, he located in Phila-

368 News of the Churches.delphia. Pa. True to his reUgious instincts,he al once sought for a Presbyteriancongregation where the BiblePsalras were used exclusively in worship,and raade that his churcb home and thescene of his early efforts in the service ofChrist. In that city he married, and reraainedthere till business engageraentsrendered necessary his reraoval to NewYork. After living for a few months atGreenpoint, N. Y., where he was identifiedwith a Presbyterian Churcb, he removedwitb bis faraily to New York aboutsixteen years ago. The' very first Sabbathhe was led in the providence of God to theThird Eeforraed Presbyterian Church,and subsequently connected hiraself withtbat congregaiion under the rainistry ofEev. (now Dr.) David Gregg. At thefirst election for elders after the installationof Eev. (now Dr.) F. M. Foster, hewas chosen to tbat office and served inthat capacity with great fidelityfrora hisordination on May 31, 1888, to the timeof his deatb.Mr. McNeill seems to have lived in veryclose coraraunion with Christ. It is noviolation of confidence to say that it washis custora, on returning frora businessin the evening, to retire to his roora thathe raight be alone for a while. Araongpapers opened after his funeral werefound prayers and verses that breathe agreat longing for a closer walk with God,and show where he gathered strength foreveryday duties. Take, for instance, theselines:"Dear Comforter, etemal love,If Thou will dwell wilh me.Of lowly thoughts and siraple ways,I'U buUd a bouse for Thee."Or lake this touching record of his desiresfor hiraself and faraily, wriiten overhis own signature and dated Feb. 4, 1895:"My chief desire is to be able to speakthe right word at the right tirae and in theright way."And in order to be able to do this, Idesire,"That the Lord will enable me lo livefor Him and that the Holy Spiril shallwork in me and through rae always. Andray sincere prayer is that of Jabez, 'Keeprae frora evil that il may nol grieve rae!'ROBERT McNEILI,.0 Lord, this is the sincere prayer whicb Inow put up to Thee wbo didst answer itin tirae pasl to Thy servant, and who wiltfulfill il to rae, I believe;"That Thou wilt enable rae so lo liveand walk lhal olhers shall be drawn toThee thereby, especially our own children.I _desire that each of lhem (herefollow the naraes of bis sons and daugh-

ters, from tbe eldest to the youngest) maybe brougbt to Tbee soon, and that we shallall live together in love to Tbee and to oneanotber;"And tbat, wben it please Thee to lakeme away from tbem, I may joyfully depart,believing tbat Tbou wilt receive rae,not for an5'tbing which I have done, but. because of the raerilsof ray Saviour alone,and that Tbou wilt be a Husband to tbewidow and a Falher to tbe fatherlesschildren, and that they raay all be keptby Thy power, so tbat we shall all raeetatlast, and I shall tben be able to say, 'Hereara I and the children which Thou hastgiven rae!' Araen."Mr. McNeill's religion was positive.His favorite text was, "I know Whora Ihave believed, and am persuaded that Heis able to keep that wbicb I have committedto Him." His piety was seen inthe care with wbich he trained his children,who are all in the fellowship of thechurch, and in tbe intense desire, whichcould not conceal itself when very nearthe close of the earthly life, that theymight be not sinaply professing Christians,bul fully consecrated men andwomen. Never did father leave his familya richer legacy.News of the Churches. 369In illustration of his devotedness lo thecause of Chrisi, a friend, who was wellacquainted wilh him during tbe earlyyears of his residence in New York, toldrae tbat after working all day, he wouldspend hours distributing tracts on tbestreets and wharfs of the cily, talking witbcareless raen and seeking lo win theraaway frora sin to a life of righteousness.Never did any good cause appeal to hirain vain, and very liberal were his contributionsto the missionary enterprises ofthe church. Al the Synod of the ReformedPresbyterian Church in 1901, hewas appointed a raeraber of the Board ofForeign Missions, and that suraraer bemade offerings, that are recorded withhisnarae only in heaven, for the disiributionof missionary literature.It was the privilege of the writer lo seeand pray twice with Mr. McNeill in theearly morning of the day he passed away,and the silent,_ yet potent, testiraony thatcarae frora his deathbed in favor of vitalChristianity can never be forgotten. Araan of unobtrusive piety, beloved athorae, revered in the churcb and respectedin society, the three testing places ofChrislian character, he rests frora hislabors and his works do follow hira.A littie child gave a mosl exquisite explanation of walking with God. She wenthome from Sabbath-school and the mother said, "Tell me what you learned atschool." And she said, "Don't you know, mother, we have been hearing about a manwho used to go for walks with God. His name was Enoch. He used to go forwalks with God. And, mother, one day they went for an extra long walk, and theywalked oq and on, until God said to Enoch,' You are a long way from bome; you'hadbetter just come in and stay.' And he wenti" That was true. Enoch had becomeso familiar with God that he "just went in and stayed."—iJet;. G. G. Morgan, D. D.It is not only from the study walls of pastors, but from the waUs of every shop,every counting-room, and every hall ofjustice and legislation, that the countenanceOfJesus is looking down, and saying, " Do aU for rae."-r. L. Cuyler.If I can put some touches of rosy supset into the life of any man or woman, then Ifeel that I have wrought with God.-George MacDonald.

370 Monographs.MISSIONARY BOXES.Dear Friends and Coworkers :MONOGRAPHS.Heaven's records will reveal raany asurprise. The sweetness of the unseenviolet of the lonely dell will perfurae thecelestial air and contribute to the delectationof glorified saints. No less will bethe fragrance of raany a kindly deedwrought by bands willing and desijousfor the eslablishraent of His Kingdora onthe earth. Not few are the kindnesses tbatgo upon no record of earth—only enteredupon tbe diary of eternity.'*'It is not that I desire to anticipate thesurprises of the future, but that I raayvoice the hearlfelt cheer brought to us bynot a few workers together with God inthe horaeland, that I beg of Olive Treesspace for the accompanying picture thatI was fortunate, enough to get of a ihissionary'swife and little son, who werefeasting on the mysteries of two "raissionaryboxes."The Ladies' Missionary Societies ofFairgrove, Mich., and of Eighth Streel,Pittsburg, kindly reraerabered our workby sending well and wisely filled boxes—one frora each place.To enter into a detailed account of thecontents of these boxes will be obviated bythe picture, frora which you raay all get afair idea of their contents.Let rae say just here that I have noapology lo offer for the very apparent interestraanifested by the rai-ssionarywifeand child. If any of you ladies wereshut out .absolutely for two years and raorefrora the sight of a store window, I carenot how absorbed you raay be in good raissionwork, you, too, would be happy tolook at a calico dress for a heathen schoolgirl,and at a bright blocked quilt. Themore especially if you had a cheery letter,such as this missionary wife had fromthe ladies of Fairgrove, telling her thatthey "were sending a token of their love,etc., etc." Now, look at tbat boy takingin that row of sailors. He comes hon-,estly by his inlerest in dainty tbings—judging from his mother's attitude.Tbese sailors and the row of moredainty girls to the rigbt, togetber witb thebrigbt, red bandanas, gay picture cardsand numerous other things suggestive ofholiday tiraes, are to be used in makinglittle heathen hearts happy at tbe NewYear to come.If there be araong the readers of OliveTrees any would-be customs tailor,he will do well to call upon certain (?)of the ladies of Eighth Streel, for tbeyhave becorae experts in cutting and sewinggarraents for Suadia boys. This boxcontains evidences of effort and success incutting and sewing. Many thanks for soraany correctly sewed garraents, and raanythanks for the evidences of labor lost andindications of the subsequent "ripping"good tiraes.The clean white spreads, the pillowcases and the sheets will make the dormitoryraore attractive and will cultivatecleanliness.There is raaterialfor curtains for thechapel windows and rings for the same.Many a little girl will step more lightlyasshe dons the-bright print dress, wbilethe quieter colored ones will raake forneatness.It is nol intended to do any free advertisingfor "Scourine,"-but the dozensof paper bags coniaining the "ad ,"as seenin the picture, will gladden raany a beartwith its treasure bf s\Veels and iluts onSoihe special future occasion.

Monographs. 37.1, A friend of the needy ones of our circleof nalive brethren has sent a contributionthat will pay a woraan and ber daughterwho need ineans of earning their bi-ead.These boxes contain a generous donationof saraples and other scrap goods. Theraissionary wife will bave these materialssewed inlo quilts, larger or smaller, andpay tbese workers frora the raoney donation.Then tbese little quilts, when corapleled,will be distributed from time tothe alraoners of their bounty. But mostof all, and best of all, lhey are eloquent ofmany prayers, breathed by the merabersof raissionary societies while engaged inpreparing lhem. They bespeak your interestin the Lord's work, lhey are pledgesof your fidelityto His cause, and we trustthat every one from first to last, who areconnected with them, will be mutual partakersin their benefactions.J. Boggs Dodds.tirae, for the corafort of raany a littlebabe, and to the delight of raany mothers.Oftentiraes have I wanted such a pictureas-this of raissionary boxes which arethe frait of noble irapulse and patientlabor-at horae, and which raean a continuationof the same labor of love and discreetdistribution on the part of her to -whorathey are-entrusted in the field. Their contentsare necessary—they are always sohelpful and they give great pleasure toWHAT'S THE MATTEE?Some tirae ago Dr. McConnell publishedin Tke Churchman an article intended toshow that the condition of the EpiscopalChurch was far frora satisfactory. Factsand figures were given in support of bisposition. The object was rto Tead lo inquiryas to the causes in order that theremedy inight be applied. • The articledid good.

372 Monographs.It is for tbe sarae reason tbe followingfacts are given: The condition of - ourchurch is not what it should be. Soraethingougbt lo be done, and done soon, orit will becorae raore and raore unsatisfactory.In 1890 there were reported 135 congregations,134 rainisters and 11,289 communicants.In 1902, 112 congregations,126 minislers and 9,722 coraraunicants, ora decrease of 13 congregaiions and 1,567coraraunicants, and an increase of 2 ministers.During that period, nearly 40ministers united wilb other churches.With the exception of perhaps 2, tbesewere broughl up in our own church. Between30 and 35 received their theologicaltraining in our own Seminary, and. between20 and 25 their literary educationin our own eoU^e. .The decrease during those years was nodoubt in part owing to tbe troubles thatculrainated in 1891; only,-however, in,part. An exaraination of the statistics willshow that olher causes were and still areal work. These raust be discovered andreraoved before we can expect a changefor the better.In 1892 there were 134 rainisters, 105congregations, and 10,075 communicants.In 1902 there were 112 congregations,125 rainisters, and 9,733 coraraunicants.The Syrian statistics should be deducted,as they were not included in 1893. Tbatwould leave 10 congregations and 681coraraunicants less than there were in1892, and 19 rainisters raore. In 1895,'96 and '98, an increase was reported, inthe reraaining years a decrease.This is a correct stateraent, if not anencouraging one. At the last raeeting ofPittsburg Presbytery a ministerial meraberstaled that on account of its condition,he could not conscientiously advise ayoung raan lo study for the ministry in ourchurch. Others have felt the same way.It is irapossible to give the supplies sent tothe Presbyteries anything like full tirae.If we had raore, what would we do withthera? A brother rainister,referring tothe above, reraarked that when he wasthinking of going to the serainary, tbesarae difficulty presented itself, and for ayear he reraained at borae. By tbe tiraehe was licensed there were plenty of vacancies.That is correct, no doubt. Buthow did it happen that there were plentyof vacancies ? Sorae pastors died; olhers,on account of advanced years and bodilyinfirmities, resigned their charges; while anumber united witb'other denominations.It is because nearly 40 niinisters left ourcoraraunion during |he past twelve years,the number of settlements'"effected was as-large as reported. Eyen witb such a loss,the supply is still largely in excess of thedemand. Must we calculate on dealh,resignation, and especially on defection, inorder, to have our supplies employed evena part of tbeir time?In tbe light of all the facts, tbis questionpresses for an answer: Why shouldany who have entered on the work of theministry and are physically and mentallyable to perform the duties of their office,reraain idle even part of the time ? Thereare splended opportunilies in every coraraunityfor effective work. "The fleldsarewhite already to harvest." There aresraall vacancies tbat can be cultivated wilhadvantage. Even if the prospect for increaseis not encouraging, tbey afford anopportunity for presenting gospel trath.The corapensation would perhaps not bevery large. No one acquainted witb thefacts wiU pretend lo say that $15 a dayare too rauch corapensation, or tbat anyrainister in our churcb receives too large asalary. But if the laborers cannot get$15 a day, or secure sctilemcnts wherethey will receive full compensation, isthat a reason why they sbould remaiii idle ?

Two otber facts ought to be noted. In1891 tbe endowment reporied was $244,-043.65. In 1902, $470,361.69, i. e., anincrease of $336,218.04. We are gettingricb fast.Tbe Foreign Mission Board has mademost urgent appeals for volunteers. Thereis a pressing call. The fleld is raostinviting.Tbe net increase in merabershipreported by the Syrian Coraraission ismuch larger than that reporied by any ofour Presbyteries. The appeah alas! hasbeen made in vain. That does seerastrange.Congregations and raerabers decreasing,ministry and weallh increasing, opendoors and loud calls, laborers idle and noresponse! What's the malter ? Is it possible"the matler" is at least in part withthe minisiry?J. W. Sproull.CLAEA A. MORTON'S FUNBEAL,Saturday evening (Nov. 1, 1902)as Miss Morton was returning to Mc­Lane Asylum, where she -was employed, sbewas violently struck down by an unknownman, and taken to the Massachusetts GeneralHospital, where sbe died twenty-fourhours laler without once having recoveredconsciousness. Her funeral services wereheld in the Second Eeformed PresbyterianChurch and the remains taken lo NovaScotia, wbere sbe will rest by her fatheruntil the resurrection raorning. A largecongregaiion gaihered to pay their respectsto tbe departed, and extend theirsympatby to the heartbroken family. TheScriptures were read and prayer offeredby Eev. S. McNaugher, of the First Boston.Portions of the 103d, 90th, and23d Psalms were sung." Eev. AlexanderMcLeod, of tbe Belleview Baptist Church,led in prayer at the close of the address,and Eev. J. P. Stoddard pronounced thebenediction.Monographs. 373The text was 2 Peter 1:11, 14, 15. Itsfltness appears in that the apostle raakesreferenee in it to his own tragic deatbwhich was soon to lake place, raostlikelyby cruciflxion. His object was to coraforthis troubled brethren. We are ealled togelherthis raorning in tbe providence ofGod to consider one of the raost mysteriousproblems of life. A young woman,on the threshold of life, having chosen Jesusas her Saviour and Lord, havingplaced her band in the hand that waspierced and entered into a covenant witbHim, has been suddenly reraoved by violence.' This is the doing of the Lord andwondrous in our eyes. It coraes- fortbfrom Hira who is wonderful in counseland excellent in working. And frora thesealed lips in this casket the raessagecoraeswith gravest emphasis: "Be ye also ready,for at such a lime as ye think not the Sonof Man coraeth." We do not forget thegrave responsibilily that rests upon us lobring a word of corafort to these bereavedhearts, and also to the wider circle of syrapathizingfriends. But we know tbat onlythe Holy Spiril can corafort and only tbeWord Hiraself can give consolation. Thepulpit is not the place for encoraiunis.Dealh in its raost startling aspect confrontsus. In our text it is presented inthe garb of eupheraisms. It is called"putiing off the tabernacle," "departing,""an abundant enlrance into the kingdora."It is noticeable that the Scripturesseldora call dctith by the narae "death,"just as the world rarely uses the word.But the reason is directly opposite. TheScripiures scarcely ever use the word becausethey care nolhing at all for it. Itis reduced to nothing of consequence. Theworld avoids raention of it, because il is inmortal fear of it, as the King of Terrors.Faith makes little of deatb because it basso little that ii can do. It can no morereach the real self than a sword can cut

374 Monographsa sunbeam in pieces. It can only affectthe outer garraent, change our dwelling,transfer us to heaven.1. Dealh to the believer is only puttingoff this vestment of decay. "Knowingthat shortly I must pul off this my tabernacle,even as our Lord hath showed me."Peter had in mind what Jesus had toldhim that morning on the seashore, whenHe revealed bow others would seize andbind him and lead him away tb death.Tbe word "shortly" does not mean thathis doora was irapending, but tbal he wasto die by violence. He was to be crucifled.And be desired to prepare his friends forit by forewarning thera.There are two figureshere blended: puttingoff one garraent to pul on anoiher,and changing frora one dwelling to another.Paul has the sarae when he speaksof "being clothed with our house which isfrora heaven," and unclothed frora "theearthly house of this tabernacle." Thereare very iraportant lessons conveyed bythis double figure. One lesson is: Thatdeatb can do very little. A raan is notaffected by changing his coat or his dwelling,so he is nol really louched by death.It seeras to do very much. To the. sensesdeath is destructive. The sCalpel of theanatomist reveals destruction of the wholeorganism. But organisra is not life.Mind and conscience, will and love existapart frora bodily parts, in the angels andin God. And every believer says, I know Iara, and I shall be apart from the body."Absent frora the body, present with .theLord."Another lesson is: We continue thesame in and through and after death. Tous from this side death seeras a deep, dark,broad, cold river, frora which we shrink.But frora the other side it is a raere rillwhich we cross at a single step. Like theEiver Ebone, which disappears at Juraand flows in a subterranean channel forrailes, when it reappears, the most beautifulriver of France, the believer disappearsin death only to reappear in glory. Thesame through and after death. Stephenrecognized Jesus when he saw Hira standingon the right hand of power. And whyshould not Clara at once recognize herfalher when she raet him in our Father'shouse? David said of bis cbild: "I shallgo lo it, bul il shall not return to rae."They will be free from tbe inflrmities ofthe flesh and imperfections that raartheir beauty here. But there is no raagicin death. The bent of the soul, tbe trendof the character, the prevailing habits ofthe raind continue beyond tbe vail.Consider this,' young friends! If anyof you have not accepted of the Lord JesusChrist, do so here and now. Men talk of"decision days." But lel me remind youthat every day is a decision day. Toraorrowis too lale. "Now is tbe appointedlime, now is the day of salvation."Another lesson is: Death is a step inadvance. In regeneration a step waslaken. When you entered into covenantwith your Lord and Saviour, anoiher stepwas taken. At deatb a higher stage isreached. And in the resurrection a bigherstage slill is gained. In death the outwardform does not determine tbe degreeof change. I do not suppose lhal Elijahin his sudden translation in a chariot offire was raore blessed than Blisha who diedof a lingering sickness, and who adrainisteredcounsel and corafort to tbe last. Tbehouse raay be laid in ruins by a tornado orit raay fall to pieces by decay unlil it isnot tenantable. In either case, it is vacated."We know that if the earihly houseof this tabernacle be dissolved, we have abuUding of God, a house not raade witbhands, eternal in the heavens." We knowlittle of the experience of believers betweendeath and the resurrection. TheScriptures say little on this. They direct

Monographs. 375us to the glorious resurrection. But Cbristsaid to the thief on the cross: "To-daythou shall be witb Me in paradise." Paulsaid: "I have a desire to depart and bewith Chrisi, wbicb is far better." "To dieis gain."2. Death to the believer is a departure."After my decease," says Peter. In thecontext he speaks of the transfigurationand the glory of the Lord there' revealedand the voice from the excellent glory,"This is my beloved Son." It seems evidentthat Peter had in raind the conversationof Moses and Elijah with our Lordeoncerning tbe decease which He was loaccomplish at Jerusalem.' It is also lo benoted that decease in the New is the sameas Exodus in the Old Testaraent. So thatthe Exodus is tbe figure and' ebrisl'sdeath the pattern, and Peter's dealh a reproductionof the type. It is siraply adeparture. "Before frora hence I do departand here no more reraain," says David."I go unto the Father," said ourLord. "The tirae of ray departure hascorae," said Paul. This shows how littleis raade of death. It is appalling to us.It is sad beyond description. The loss onthis side is very great. No reasoning canchange this fact. The heart aches inspite of the consolations offered. But forthose who go, il is siraply a departurefrom this world of bondage. The spiritis in bondage to the fiesh. Half the timeis spent in rest and sleep. The other halfis spent largely in earning a living. Andwhen sickness comes the bondage is oppressive.But just as the angel visitedPeter in prison and said, "Arise," and hischains fell from his hands and feet; andhe said, "Put thy cloak about thee and followme," and the prison door opened tothem, and the outer gate opened and bewas set free in Jerusalem, so the angelsvisit believers, emancipate thera frorabondage to corruption and take thera intothe glorious liberty of the children ofGod.II is a going out of the world after thepattern of our Lord's departure. He wentdown inlo the torab. The doors swungopen, never raore to close. He holds thekeys. He made the torab a rest for believers.Christian, in the Flouse Beautiful,slept in the charaber called Eest, the windowof which looked to-ward the east. Anorthern traveler, lost in the snow, is delightedto find huraan footsteps. He isfervently glad to find that they are thefootsteps of bis brother. In the torab thebeliever finds the footprints of his ElderBrother.But the beUever is guided and companionedby the Eedeeraer. Our friends cannotaccorapany us in death. For twentyfourhours our sister was unconscious. Navoice of loved one could reach her.. Thecloud about her was irapenetrable to huraanhand. But it was not too thick oidark- for Christ to enter. He -v^as withher. "Yea, though I walk in death's darkvale, yet will I fear none ill; fbr thou artwilh rae, and thy rod and staff rae comfortstiU." "Fear thou not, I am with thee;be not afraid, I ara thy God. I will bewitb thee; yea, I will help thee; yea, I willuphold thee by the right hand of rayrighteousness. When thou walkest throughthe fire, I will be with thee."3. Death to the beUever is an entranceinto glory. "For so an entrance shall beministered abundantly into the kingdomof our Lord and Saviour." Deatb appearsin the two preceding figures from the huraanside. Here it appears frora the divineside. The two ends of the road arebrought together. And how close theyare! There is only a step belween rae andUfe. It is stepping over the boundary lineon the frontier. It is only awakening outof sleep. "I shall be satisfied witb Thylikeness when I awake." "We know nol

376 Monographs.what we shall be, but this we know, thatwben He sball appear, we shall be likeHira, for we shall see Him as He is."In the first part of tbis chapter Peterhad spoken of failb and of the great andprecious promises by whicb we are raadepartakers of the divine nature. And hehad exhorted lo "add unto their faitb virtue,etc." And then he concludes: "Forso an enlrance shall be rainistered abundantly,etc." The character forraed andthe life lived deterraine the degree ofglory. The last degree of faith secures anentrance. But increase of faith is necessaryto an abundant entrance. A raanraav be saved so as by fire and his worksburned up, but the raan whose characier isadorned with the graces of the Spirit,whose life bears rauch fruit lo God's glory,and wbose capacity for God's Spirit isgreat, will enter with the high acclaim ofthe angels. All will be filled. But thetrue -believer has a greater capacity forGod's glory. "The more our spirits areenlarged on earth, the deeper drafts lheycan receive in heaven."J. M. Foster.UNOCCUPIED LANDS.II is well lo remind ourselves, in thesedays, when we are apt to speak complacentlyof the "world-wide" work ofCliristian Missions, that there are stillmany considerable portions of the worldin which no missionaries are at worlc, andin which the Gospel of Christ has neveryet been preached.Foremost amongst these utterly unevangelizedlands we must place Tibet—foremost, not perhaps by reason of anyspecial iraportance strategically or numerically,so much as by the place it holds inthe popular imagination. Tibet has longbeen known as "the great closed land,"-and, owing lo her exceptionally isolatedand inaccessible position, she has succeededhitherto in resolutely keeping fasther gates against tbe raessageof life wbichtbe raissionary would bring to ber sixmillions of people. Six or seven missionarysocieties are waiting on the frontiersof Tibet, ready to enler as soon as opportunilyoffers. Chief among these are theMoravians, the Cburch Missionary Sociely,and the L. M. S., frora the Indianside; and the China Inland ilission fromthe Chinese border.Tbe immense spaces of Central Asia,covered by Southern Siberia, the Turkestansand Afghanistan, are still practicallyunoccupied. Southern Siberia, underthe electric touch of the Trans-Siberianrailway, is rapidly developing inpopulation and resources. The exclusivenessof the Greek Catholic Churcli thusfar forbids the usual lines of missionarywork. But happily that of the Bible societiesis not interfered with; and tbeBritish and Foreign Bible Society is doinga splendid work along the line of theTrans-Siberian railway. Hundreds ofthousands of copies of the Scriptures arebeing sold annually.Opposition to raissionary work has tbusfar, perhaps, been raore intense in Afghanistanthan in any country in Asia, sohostile are the Mohararaedans of thatcountry. In both Afghanistan and Baluchistanthe Church Missionary Societyhas undertaken border worlc, which, intime, must penetrate the interior. HithertoArabia has been considered alraost asinaccessible as Tibet. Yet the efforts ofthe Dutch Reforraed Churcb in Araerica,as well as of the Free Church of Scotland,would indicate that there is a real openingin Arabia. One of the most remarkableof raodern raissions is that underSarauel Zweraer, of the Dutch EeforraedCburcb Mission, whose adrairable book,"Arabia, tbe Cradle of Islara," has beenso widely read and drawn so rauch alien-

Monographs.Slltion to Arabia. Tbe Free Cburch ofScotland, whose mission was planted byIon Keith-Falconer, is at the southwesternpoint of the Arabian peninsula, Aden,whilst Mr. Zwemer's mission bas its principalstation in the extreme northeast ofthe country al Busrah, on the head of tbePersian Gulf. Tbus far the results havebeen meagre, but medical work of botbthese missions bas made an impression forgood, wbich must be the entering wedge toGospel work.In Frencb Indo-China, including Annara,Cambodia, Cochin China and Tongking,tbere is a population of over twentymillions practically untouched by Protestantmissions. The missionaries of tbeNorthern Presbyierian Church bave en-.deavored to reacb tbe western tribes ofthis region, but there has been more orless opposition on the part of tbe Frencbofficials.Soutb Araerica is only very partially occupied.Tbe six millions of nalive Indiansare practically untouched. Tbe republicsof Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador arealraost destitute of missionaries.Even India and China are by no nieansso well off in this respect as is soraetiraesimagined. In Gujerat tbere is an averageof one inissionary to a million heathen;Eajputana averages one to half a million;and other districts are no better supplied.In Cbina it is said that a population equalto the whole of lhal of Africa is practicallyout of reach of the Gospel. Previouslo the recent raassacres,the provinceof Shansi was the best provided withworkers, yet it bad but one station forevery 1,285 sauare railes. Yun-nan hadonly one to 18,000 square rniles, andKwang-si one to 19,500. Tbis can hardlybe called "effective occupation."Evidently the work of missions is notyet done. It is a question whether it canbe said to be begun.—The Missionary.BIBLE INSTITUTES.Since the flrst day of May, 1902,I have planned and conducled twelvefull weeks of meelings in Cbristian Governmentand Citizenship, besides manyspecial meetings on the Sabbatbs not includedin tbese programmes. In a numberof these Bible Institules, from two tothree sessions a day were held coveringfrom six to seven days in the week; andalmost every important phase of the muchneededreforms was carefully analyzed anddiscussed in the audience of the people.About one bundred and forty meetings inall have been planned and conductedsince the flrstof May of tbis present year,and all within the tirae lirait of aboutseven raonths. Many rainisters,churchesand many thousands of people bave hadbrought to their attention on all lines theparamount interests of the Kingdom ofChrist. When we tarry a weelc in a place,discussing almost every phase of the imporlantquestions of reforra in a popularprogrararae, the leading spirits in tbechurches becorae profoundly interested,and confess to being greatly edifled andfortified for future worlc for God andHorae, and Church, and Counlry. Thisis the pararaount advantage of the NationalBible Institute raethod of presentingthe truth of God relevant to the upbuildingof Chrisl's kingdora. Frommany eminent minds we hear the frequentstatement: "We now see as never beforethe necessity for Municipal, State and Nationalreforraation. We will henceforthbe enlisted with you, heart and soul, in theworlc." This, in a raeasure,will accountfor the action of the churches in AtlanticCity in calling for four full weeks of thisBible Institute work since the firstof lastJuly, and for the repealed prograraraes inthe audUoriuras al such places as OceanCity. It has corae lo pass in tbe kind

378 Monbgraphs.providence of God that we are now able loattain to the best assistant talent in ourlarge cities and in the country in theseprograraraes; and for this favor, Cbrist,our King, should have the glory. The planis of God, and He bas been our helperfrora the beginning, and He has raised usup raany true friends. We will thereforehurably request that all who know of thisraethod of Reforra Work will earnesllypray that we may have continued blessingand favor, and that we may prove faithfulin the wisest presentation of all truth, asthe Spirit of the Father and the Son aloneis able to direct.J. R. Dill.DIVINE ILLUMINATION.In a certain city a gentleman was attractedby three children who were standingat a window of a large store. Tw^owere evidently trying to describe the manypretty things that were exhibited to thethird, who, the gentleraan saw, was blind.But the difficulty in raalcing the afflictedchild understand all the beauty which thebrother and sister saw distressed theragreatly, and even after their best effortswere exhausted, they felt the hopelessnessof their endeavor, ilissionaries andothers-interested in our great raissionarywork frequently have the same sense ofdefeat wdien trying to set forth the teachingsof Christ. They feel the blindnessof many to the length and breadth andheight and' depth of the first two words ofthe Lord's Prayer, "Our Father." Andthe serious question arises as to how thisindifference is to be met.II is the Divine Oculist that is needed.With nol a few the Chrislian life is' aseries of visions, and tbere is growth justas the spiritual eyesight is strengthenedby the illurainations that corae to the soul.A text of Holy Scripture has been readtiraes withoui nuraber, and yet no specialmeaning or niessage has been conveyed tothe raind, until one day, in a raoraent oftirae, the darkness disappears, and-a perceptionof new trutb of wondrous beauiyis revealed; and henceforth, whether wecontinue to walk in the light of the newvision or not, we can recall the hour whenthe Holy Spirit took of the things' of Godand opened thera unto us.Let not the Church be reraiss in circulat-'•ing raissionary information. Let herbring her raissionaries home to tell of theneeds of the regions beyond; but let hernot forget to be constantly in prayer to"Our Father," that the comraand, "Go yeinto all the world and preach," may comeas a divine vision illurainating and irresistiblyconvincing tbat "He hathanointed" her "to preaeh the gospel tothe poor; He halh sent" her "to' heal thebroken-hearted, to preach deliverance tothe captives, and recovering of sight to theblind, to set at liberty thera that arebruised." No better description of theconditions of Christless nations can befound, seek where you will; but to malcethese words of the ilaster living andactive, it needs the light that "never wason land or sea," even the light of the HolySpirit, to burn them inlo the souls of believers.— The Missionary Outlook.However nervous, depressed, and despairing raay be the lone of anyone, theLord leaves him no excuse for fretting, for there is enough in God's promise to overbalanceall these material difflculties. In the measure in which the Christian enjoyshis privileges, rises above the things that are seen, hides himself in the refugeprovided for him, wUl he be able to voice the confession of Paul, and say, •None ofthese things move rae"—S. H. Tyng, Jr.

Editorial Notes. 379EDITORIALNOTES.—This nuraber of Olive Trees closestbe sixteenth year of our efforts to keep beforetbe churches, through the raediura ofa raissionary journal, the imporiance ofevangelistic worlc at horae and abroad.Articles of exceptional value bave appearedfrom the pens of busy pastors inthe Eeformed Presbyterian Church, whilebrethren of other denominations have enrichedour columns, with literary contributions,fresh at once in thought and inmethod of expression. The missionariesin the several fields have spoken throughletters full of facts and incidents, tellingmore clearly and effectively than could betold in any olher w^ay the condition andneeds of the Missions. The official reportsof other societies in Canada and theUnited States have been searched andgleaned to furnish our readers with informationin regard to the work that the Eedeeraeris doing in His raediatorialprovidenceto extend a knowledge of the w^ayof salvation to lost raen, and haslen theday when, in fulfilraent of prophecy, thewhole world shall bow to His authority.The representatives of the CentralBoard have also had an opportunity lopresent the clairas of the fields under itseare. And a new interest has thus beenawakened in the Southern, Indian andDoraestic Missions.The hearty co-operation that has beenenjoyed in these respects during 1902 issolicited for 1903.—Olive Trees is very thankful forthree things: A favorable expression ofopinion from any one of correct judgment; criticism,, which is always helpful,no raatter in what spiril it is raade; andprompt payment of tbe yearly subscription.A large majority of our readerspay in advance, and it is never necessaryto solicit renewal. A few, through oversight,neglect to pay for a year, or perhapstwo, but need only to be rerainded,and forthwith the raoney conies with a"Please excuse me," that in itself is wortbraore than fifty cents. As for the dearfriends,, a still snialler nuraber, who owefor raore than two years and silently disregardrepeated requests for a reraittance,for reasons obviously satisfactory to theraselves,perhaps for fear of exposing us tothe peril of great riches, their naraes raustbe reraoved frora the raailinglist. Farewell,trusted ones! Your names willlinger in our memory, Ihough not withthe fragrance of a bunch of violets, longafter you, have ceased to read OliveTrees.—The safest way to rerait money is bypost office order or in registered lelters.If a local check is used, len cents shouldbe added for bank exchange. The priceof the magazine is fiftycents, except whenraailed to foreign countries or to subscribersin Manhattan, N. Y., where it isissued. In those cases, seventy-five centsare needed to cover special postage.All letters should be addressed loE. M. Sommerville.327 W. 56th St.,New York.—Good books for the holidays are lobe found at the Bookstores of the FleraingH. Revell Co., in New York, Chicagoand Toronto.Olive Trees has receivedTopsy Turvy Land; Arabia Picturedfor Children. By R. E. and S. M. Zwemer.Price, 75 cents net.No. raore acceptable present could be

380 Editorial Notes.made to a child than this fascinating littlevolurae, with its twenty chapters of truestories and its thirly-five pictures. It isbriraful of inforraation about a countryof which vpry little is known, presenledin a raost attractive way. "Fun-in-earnest,''it ought to be in every horae, and iswell worthy of a place araong SabbathSchool rewards.East of the Barrier; or Side Lights onthe Manchuria Mission. By Rev. J. MillerGraham. Price, $1 net.The author of this book, a raissionaryof the United Free Churcb of Scotland,draws for bis readers at the outset a miniaturepicture of the fieldin whicb. he labors,and gives them a "peep at the people."He then describes the difficultiesin acquiring the language, the methods ofpreaching or, as tbe Chinese express it,"explaining tbe book," and "spreading thedoctrine," and of dealing with raen wbenbrought into contact with the truth, andhis experiences on circuit. Here is a voluraethat at once instructs and entertains.The student of missions will find,in briefcorapass, an accurate history of the ilanchurianMission frora its inception to thishour, and raen searching for touching illustrationsof the sustaining power of theCbristian religion will find thera in tbestory of the "Prisoner of Hope" and inthe account of the fiery trials connectedwitb the Boxer uprising.The Bible in Brazil. By Rev. Hugh C.Tucker. Price, $1.25 net.The author of this valuable book hasbeen agent of the Araerican Bible Societyfor fourteen years. During that tirae hehas, in the prosecution of his colporteurwork, traveled extensively throughoutBrazil and enjoyed exceptionally fine opportunitiesof studying the manners andcustoras of the people-and the vast posigibilities of the country. In his prefaceMr. Tucker says that his "object has been,first, to try to reveal more clearly to tbeChristian people of the United States andEngland the conditions wbicb surround17,000,000 of iramortal souls on theAmerican continent; and in the secondplace, to give sorae idea of wbat theCburch of Christ is doing to save thesepeople, and of the real progress the workis raaking." He has accomplished bis taskwell. The volume is filled witb facts and_novel experiences that cannot fail to drawthe attention of its readers to the vastcontinent that lies neglected soutb gf tbehighly privUeged United States. _^B^ aUmeans, gel the book and recoramend'it loothers.The Literary News Notes from EevelTsPublishing House reports raany other newbooks that we have not yet received, butcan confidently recoraraend to holidaybook buyers.Do you want flction? Tbere you willflnd Ealph Connor's latest book: GlengarrySchool Days. Price, $1.25; WilliaraF. Gibbons' Those Black DiamondMen, a Tale of the Anthrax 'Valley. Price,$1.50; Margaret E. Sangster's JanetWard. Price, $1.50, or Deborah Alcock'sUnder Calvin's Spell. Price, $1.50: allwholesorae and inspiring stories.Do you want works on missions ? Thereyou will flnd, besides those already noticed,Margaret B. Denning's Mosaicsfrom India. Price, $1.25; H. Clay Trumbull'sOld Time Student Volunteers.Price, $1.00; WiUiam Elliot Griffis' AMaker of the New Orient. Price, $1.25;or Dr. Alice Byrara Condit's Old Gloryand the Gospel in the Philippines. Price,75 cents: all frora tbe pens of men andworaen identifled with raissionary worlcand able to speak wilh authority.Witt not each reader of OLIVE TREES add one to its circataiion for J903 ?

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