annual report 09/10 - Apri.com.au

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Pork CRC LimitedProject 2C-105: Probiosis-A novel strategy for improved gut healthProject 2C-116: E coli probiotic trial and challenge modelDr Toni Chapman, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Industry and Investment, NSWUnderstanding the genetic diversity of E coli in the gut of the newborn pig will lead to novel ways ofcolonising the intestine with bacteria that provide natural protection against opportunistic pathogens.In the first few days of life the establishment of the gut flora plays a critical role in shaping andmaturing the mucosal immunity in the newborn piglet. This process involves intense competitionbetween microorganisms attempting to colonize not only different compartments of the gut, but alsospecific niches in the interface between intestinal epithelial cells, the mucin overlay and the lumen.Research carried out at EMAI has confirmed that there is considerable diversity between the E colicommunity recovered from the duodenum, ileum, colon and faeces. In an attempt to elaborate thebasis for this diversity, it was found that while more than a third of the commensal E coli isolatedcarried a range of bacteriocin (colicin & microcin) genes in their aggressive arsenal, while less than5% of neonatal and post-weaning porcine disease strains had these genes, and even when theydid, the genes were different from that found in commensal strains. This finding has profoundsignificance in testing the concept of probiosis as a strategy for promoting intestinal health. Itaddresses an environmentally sustainable approach to colonize the gut of newborn piglets with aconsortium of commensal E coli that are highly antagonistic to pathogenic strains.If these commensal E coli can successfully establish in the neonatal gut, then this enteric bacterialcommunity will serve as a barrier to transgressing pathogens, prime the immune system and reducereliance on the use of in-feed antibiotics.Recently, Dr Toni Chapman and co-workers at EMAI have developed a novel technique fordistinguishing between pigs infected subclinically, and clinically, with pathogenic E coli. Thistechnique deploys a virulence gene assay charting the changing population dynamics over timeon-farm. It allows an evaluation of enteric health in relation to the E coli community present in eachanimal. Although strategically directed at pre- and post-weaning pigs, it is important to evaluatewhether a combination of neonatal probiosis, used in conjunction with post-weaning probiotics,could provide a complete process for generating the highest level of enteric health for pigs on farms.Done successfully it could also reduce the reliance on antibiotics.In studies by the EMAI group supported by the Pork CRC it has been found that two day old pigletshave the greatest diversity between E coli isolates; the E coli population begins to stabilise in thepiglet around 6 days of age; piglets from gilt litters had a more diverse E coli population than sowlitters and piglets from sow litters had a more stable E coli population.Of the commensal E coli strains tested, a shortlist of 102 candidates had been selected for testingon the basis of their probiotic potential. A shortlist of three strains was selected based on theircombined antagonistic properties and gene profiles (virulence, antimicrobial resistance, bacteriocinand plasmid profiles). These strains where then used in an E coli challenge trial at EMAI forevaluation of the probiotic formulation in vivo. Preliminary analysis of the data has revealed reducedpig numbers with, and reduced severity of, diarrhoea in probiotic supplemented weaners comparedto their control counterparts.46
Research Program ReportsSubprogram 2D: Improving sow reproduction and longevitySubprogram Leader: Mr Rob Smits, Rivalea Australia Pty Ltd.Sub-program 2D continues to be well represented with many new ideas submitted during 2009/10.Nine new projects are underway and these continue the research focus into three broad objectives:• Improvement of lactation performance and weaning weight; and• Improving sow longevity and lifetime sow performance• Investigating the potential for a new approach to breeding management through inducinglactation oestrus.Funded projectsProject Project Title Collaborative Partners Duration Total Cost2D-101 Management strategies to improvethe growth performance of giltprogeny.University of Sydney, NSWDPI and Rivalea2005–2007 218,840*578,602**2D-102 Supplementation of sow feed withomega 3 fatty acids to improveperformance and health of piglets.2D-104 Management strategies tomaximise sow longevity and lifetimeperformance.2D-105 Development of ovulationsynchronisation protocols tofacilitate natural mating and AIBreeding Systems.Rivalea 2005–2007 49,720*156,177**CHM, Rivalea and SARDI 2005–2009 704,501*4,029,920**University of Adelaide 2005–2007 185,887*209,251**2D-107 Do changes in steroid sensitivityand melatonin underpin seasonalinfertility.2D-108 Improving reproductive performanceduring seasonal infertility.Identification of “at-risk” sows andthe role of oocyte quality.2D-109 Using GnRH analogues to addressseasonal infertility in pigs.2D-110 Determining the effects of seasonon ovarian development and earlypregnancy returns.University of Adelaide, SARDIand RivaleaUniversity of Sydney, PICAustralia, Rivalea and CHMUniversity of Adelaide andCHMUniversity of Adelaide, SARDIand Feedworks2006–2009 155,472*482,586**2006–2009 104,412*532,484**2006–2008 180,066*240,068**2006–2009 171,114*372,432**2D-111 Measurement & comparison offeed intake and growth performanceduring lactation and wean-finishof gilt progeny pigs cross-fosteredonto multiparous sows.Rivalea 2007–2009 73,400*324,386**47
Page 1 and 2: annualreport09/10
Page 3 and 4: contentsChairman’s report........
Page 5 and 6: Chairman's reportThroughout the yea
Page 7 and 8: CEO reportThe Pork CRC enhanced Nea
Page 9 and 10: CEO reportIt is a pleasure to repor
Page 11: governanceThe Board is responsible
Page 14 and 15: Pork CRC LimitedMr Paul Pattison Di
Page 16 and 17: Pork CRC LimitedEducation Committee
Page 18 and 19: Pork CRC LimitedResearch and Develo
Page 20 and 21: Pork CRC LimitedoperationsThroughou
Page 22 and 23: Pork CRC LimitedSubprogram 1A: Inno
Page 24 and 25: Pork CRC Limited1A-107: TriticaleTh
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Page 28 and 29: Pork CRC LimitedResearch Highlights
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Page 36 and 37: Pork CRC LimitedProgram 2: Improvin
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Page 46 and 47: Pork CRC LimitedReducing the use of
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Page 52 and 53: Pork CRC LimitedProgesterone concen
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Page 77 and 78: Research Program ReportsMs Tahlia S
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$ $Gross GrossNot Past Due 1,586,14
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Note 15Pork CRC LimitedAnnual Repor
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core partnersAustralian PorkL I M I
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