HSLA Steels, Metallurgy and Applications - Vanitec

HSLA STEELS: METALWRGYAND APPLICATIONSProceedings of an InternationalConference onHSLA Steels '854-8 November 1985Beijing, ChinaEdited byJ.M. Gray, T. Ko, Zhang Shouhua,Wu Baorong, Xie XishanOrganized byThe Chinese Society of MetalsChina Science and TechnologyExchange CenterSponsored byASM InternationalAssociaeao Brasileira de MetaisAssociation Technique de la Siderurgie FrancaiseAssociazione Italiana di MetallurgiaThe Australasian Institute of MetalsThe Indian Institute of MetalsThe Institute of Metals (London)The Iron and Steel Institute of JapanThe Japan Institute of MetalsThe Metallurgical Society of AIMEVerein Deutscher EisenhuttenleutePublished by~~

PREFACEThis volume contains the proceedings of "HSLA 85", a symposium sponsored by the ChineseSociety of Metals and other learned societies that was held at the Jing Feng Hotel in Beijing,China, on November 4-8, 1985.The editorial process for a conference of this scope is tedious and time consuming and it is impossibleto correct all linguistic errors or distortions and maintain a timely publication schedule.The editors have sought to accurately preserve the character and the intentions of the originalcontributions and adopted changes for clarity rather than for purposes of uniform style.The choice of high-strength low-alloy steels as the theme for this symposium was due to the importanceof the subject to the developed and developing countries, including China, especially tothe latter, where application of scientific understanding and scientific control of HSLA Steels productionhave just begun to be appreciated, and their production has been hampered by oldequipment.The Chinese Steel industry has had a chequered history suffering wide fluctuations in theoverall efficiency corresponding to changes in the technical and economic policies. Despitemistakes and weaknesses, production has increased from virtually nothing in 1948 to 46 milliontons in 1985, making China the world's fourth largest steelmaker.Future planning in China, like elsewhere is emphasizing improvements in quality in addition tocapacity, increase in yield and wider adoption of efficient steels such as those considered in thisconference proceedings. The symposium HSLA 85, the first major event of its kind to be held inChina, attracted 400 foreign and domestic participants and addressed the hardware, knoW-hOW,metallurgy and manufacturing technology for producing microalloyed high strength steels.The conference partiCipants confirmed the versatility of microalloying technology and its compatibilitywith both new or old equipment. Summaries of status quo and many new developmentspresented in the symposium should be of interest worldwide, and assimilation by the Chinesesteel industry should be very rapid given the high level of cooperation and enthusiasm evidentthroughout the event.This preface would be incomplete without a word of thanks to those who helped to ensure thesuccess of this conference. All those concerned in organizing the Symposium made a generouscontribution to overcome the problem of communicating with participants in distant countries.Special thanks are due to the co-sponsor societies and their delegates and to the authorsthemselves who were often hampered by the need to work in foreign language.Our particular thanks are also directred to Prof. Fu Junzhao, Deputy Secretary-General ofCSM, who was responsible for the complex arrangements in Beijing and particularly for the successof the social events. We are sure that all delegates would wish us to record our gratitude toProfessor Fu for his insight in selecting the Chinese Minorities Players as entertainers and theGreat Hall of the People as the venue for a truly memorable final banquet.Finally, the Chinese Society of Metals acknowledges the critical contribution of ASM Internationalin publishing the proceedings and the generous contribution of Companhia Brasileira deMetalurgia e Minerac;:ao, Brazil, in supporting the cost of printing this reference volume. Thepainstaking efforts of Rosemary Cahill (Microalloying International) in correcting the editedmanuscripts also deserve special mention.J.M. Gray, T. Ko, Zhang Shouhua, Wu Baorong, Xie XishanIII

TABLE OF CONTENTSPlenary SessionProspects of the Chinese Iron and Steel Industry ............................ 3Zhou Chuan-dianSteelmaking Strategy for the Rest of the Century ............................ 7Bradford, C.A.The History of Microalloyed Steels ....................................... 15Woodhead, J.H.; Keown, S.R.Effect and Present Application of the MicroalloyingElements Nb, V, Ti, Zr, and B in HSLA Steels .............................. 29Meyer, L.; StraSburger, C.; Schneider, C.The Microalloying Industry-A Perspective ................................ 45Stuart, H.Physical MetallurgyOn the Fundamentals of HSLA Steels .................................... 61Cohen, M.; Hansen, S.S.Options and Constraints for ThermomechanicalProcessing of Microalloyed Steel ........................................ 73Sellars, C.M.Austenite Conditioning Alternatives for Microalloyed Steel Products ........... 83Gray, J. M.; DeArdo, A.J.The Effect of Austenite Grain Size on the IsothermallyFormed Ferrite Grain Size .............................................. 97Umemoto, M.; Guo Zing Hai; Tamura, f.Role of Interrupted Accelerated Cooling and Microalloyingon Weldable HSLA Steels ............................................. 103Abe, T.; Tsukada, K.; Kozasu, f.Deformation and Fracture of a Microalloyed 12SiMoVNb Steel with GranularBainite Structure .................................................... 113Zhang Shouhua; Zhang Hong; Yuan YiEffect of Different Plate Rolling Schedules on Hot Strength and Structure ofTi Microalloyed Steels ................................................ 121Cheng Xian; Akben, M.G.Mixed Grain Structures in 15 MnV Steel Developed During Hot Rolling ......... 135Lu Wen-Zeng; He Yi-ZhuFerrite Grajn Size Distributions in Hot-Rolled HSLA Steels ................... 141Dunne, D.P.; Smith, R.M.; Chandra, T.v

The Effect of Nitrogen Content on the Evolution of Precipitates and onthe Processing of Ti-Nb Bearing HSLA Steel Slabs ......................... 151Subramanian, S. V.; Shima, S.; Ocampo, G.; Castillo, T.; Embury, J.D.; Purdy, G.R.Effect of AI on Recrystallization and Preciptation in Nb HSLA Steels .......... 163Wang, G.; Akben, M.G.Mechanical Properties of 16Mn Steel Control-Rolled in the(,,+ ex) Two-Phase Region ............................................ 173Wang Zhanxue; Yu Shuxian; Gao Youzhi; Guan WenxuanA Study of Controlled Rolling Technology in the(,,+ ex ) Two-Phase Region ........................................... 181Sun Benrong; Zhao Peixiang; Zhu RonglinOn the Response of Nb Bearing HSLA Steels to Single andMultistage Compression .............................................. 189D'Orazio, L.R.; Mitchell, A.B.; Lenard, J.G.Recrystallization of Austenite in Titanium Treated HSLA Steels ............... 199Cui Wenxuan; Yang Wangyueh; Cao Houyi; Lu Wenzeng; Chen Tean; Ho YungkangRecrystallization of Austenite in a Hot RolledTitanium HSLA Steel with Ti:N>3.4 ..................................... 207Dunne, D.P.; Chandra, T.; Misra, S.Effect of Thermomechanical Control Process on the Microstructureand Properties of Ti-Treated C-Mn Steels ................................. 213Ye Shunfa; Chen Gouping; Cao Meifing; Wu Boqun; Xi Xiurong; Zhao Pingshun;Zhang Kelan; Fan Jianxiang; Wang Yauming; Wei GuangMechanical Properties of V-Ti Microalloyed Steels Subject to PlateRolling Simulations Utilizing Recrystallization Controlled Rolling ............. 219Fix, R.M.; Zheng, Y.z.; DeArdo, A.J.Effect of Boron on Dynamic and Static Recrystallizationin Ultra Low Carbon Nb Steels ......................................... 229Mavropoulos, T.; Jonas, J.J.; Ruddle, G.E.The Effect of Manganese on the Recrystallization of Austenitein Low-Carbon Niobium Steels ......................................... 235Li Xiuqiu; Cui WenxuanFundamental Aspects of Precipitation in Microalloyed Steels ................ 243Honeycombe, R. W. KNew Trends in SCience and Technology of Microalloyed Steels ............... 251Korchynsky, M.Determination of the Kinetics of TiC PreCipitation in Ti Microalloyed SteelsUSing A Stress Relaxation Technique .................................... 253Liu, W.J.; Jonas, J.J.VI

Microstructural Strengthening Mechanism in High StrengthLow Alloy Steels .................................................... 259Araki, T.The Effects of Residual Vanadium in Panzhihua Rail Steels . ................ . 273Chen Mengzhe; Li Jing; Chen Cui juan; Ke Jun; Wang XingtaiHall-Petch Analyses of Nb-V Microalloyed SteelControlled-Rolled in the Two-Phase ( " - 0

SteelmakingAdvanced HSLA Steelmaking Technologies at Nuova Italsider,Taranto Works . ...................................................... 387Arno, M.; De Lisi, M.; Petrucci, M.; Petti, C.Thyssen Stahl AG's Metallurgy for the Production of HSLA Steels ........... . 397Hammer, R.; Hoffken, E.; Simon, R. W.Experience in the Metallurgical Design and Production ofHSLA Steels in a Developing Country-Brazil ............................ . 407Bordingnon, P.J.P.; Schiesari, J.R.P.; de Oliveira, E.O.Direct Alloying with Vanadium Slag in Converter Steelmaking ............... 423Liu Xiaocheng; Yin Yan; Huang WudiControl of Non-Metallic Inclusions by Ladle Injection of Ca-Si Powder ........ . 431Zhi Shui; Zhang DemingAdvanced Technologies for Surface Quality of ContinuouslyCast HSLA Steel Slabs ............................................... 439Kawasaki, M.; Marukawa, K; Nakai, K.; Watanabe, T.; Nakajima, KEffect of Niobium on Continuous Casting SolidificationStructures of HSLA Steels ............................................ 445Zhang Hongtao; Pottore, N.; Garcia, C.I.; Burke, M.G.; DeArdo, AJ.Pipe and Tubular MetallurgyDevelopment of High Strength Steels for Structural andLine Pipe Applications Through Highly Controlled Processes . .............. . 457Bufalini, P.; Buzzichelli, G.; Pontremoli, M.; Aprile, A; Jannone, C.; Pozzi, ANew High-Strength Large-Diameter Pipe Steels ........................... 467Hof, W.M.; Graf, M.K; Hillenbrand, H.-G.; Hoh, B.; Peters, P.AHigh Strength Pipeline Steels for Arctic and Sour EnvironmentProcessed under Non-Severe Rolling Conditions . ........................ . 475Hulka, K; Heisterkamp, F.; Jones, B.Low Carbon- Ti-B-Line Pipe Steel by Accelerated Cooling Process . .......... . 485Nozaki, N.; Yamura, T.; Hashimoto, T.; Komizo, Y.; Sawamura, T.; Nakatsuka, Y.Application of Miocroalloyed Steels to the Productionof Seamless Line Pipe and OCTG ...................................... . 493Posdena, H.; Pagani, M.A; Fitzsimons, G.Influence of Thermomechanical Rolling of HSLASteel Plates on Mill Production and Design .............................. . 507Lederer, AVIII

0633Accelerated Cooling of Plates with Even Temperature in all Directions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Barozzi, S.; Bognin, G.; Con tursi, V.M.; Borsi, P.; Ghersi, Mo; Tripepi, M.; Aprile, A;De Florio, G.; Janone, C.Recent Developments in Heavy Section Steel Plates for Offshore Structures 0Tomita, Yo; Yamaba, R.; Okamoto, K.; Aihara, S.; Haze, T.; Ito, K0 0641The Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Vanaduim, MolybdenumSteel Plates and Strip for X80 and X90 Spiral Pipes 0Sage, AM.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0651A Study of the Effects of Vanadium, Aluminum and Nitrogenon the Properties and Weldability of Low Carbon Steels 0Sage, AM.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 657Basic Ideas on the Development of Ti-B-Low N 50 kg/mm2 Steelfor Large Heat Input Welding 0/toh, K; Mimura, H.; Matsuda, S.; Yamamoto, K; Kawashima, Y.;Ohno, K; Okamura, Y.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0669Characterization of Precipitates and Grain Growthin Simulated HAZ Thermal Cycles of Ti-Nb Bearing Steel Weldments 0Suzuki, S.; Weatherly, G.C.Toughening and Embrittling of Si-Mn-V Steels in the Quenched and LowTemperature Tempered Condition 0Liang U-Ya; Yang Rang0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 06750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0683Plate ROiling of HSLA Steels with Control of Microstructure 0A nelli, £.; Ghersi, M.; Mascanzoni, A; Paolicchi, M.; Aprile, A; Granato, F.;Liguori, G.; Rizzo, G.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0693The Metallurgical Factors Influencing the Properties of Low Alloy Steels forHigh-Temperature Service 0Hashimoto, K; /toh, K.; Otoguro, Y.; Yamaba, R.; Kikutake, T.; Mimura, H.0 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 06990709Effect of Controlled Cooling on the Strength and Toughness of C-Mn Steel 0 0 0 0Liang Tian; Jin Langen; Huang KeqinMo-Nb Steels for X-60 to X-70 Grade Plates Produced by Conventional Rolling 00715Oakwood, T.G.; Coldren, AP.; Miyano, KThe Manufacturing of High Strength Steel Plate by the Direct-Quenching andTempering Process 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 •• 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0723Yoshinaga, H.; Watanabe, S.; Nito, N.; Nakano, N.; Suzuki, S.Development and Standardization of Microalloyed Steels at Tata Steel 0Mohanty, S.C.; Mitra, AN.; Mukherjee, T.; Kini, U. V.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0731Interactions Between Base Plate and Consumables in the Production of HighToughness Weldments in Offshore Structures 0Garland, J.G.; Taylor, D.S.; Thornton, C.E.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 • 0 • 0 0 739x

Production of High Toughness Steel Plate by Low-Reheating Temperature . .... . 517Bridoux, D.; Perdrix, Ch.; Poupon, M.Some Aspects of Rolling of Microalloyed Steel Tubesby Fretz Moon Process ............................................... 521Sharma, D.P.; Hoda, B.; Dalal, A.K.; Lunawat, C.B.; Maheshwari, M.D.Plate Metallurgy and WeldabilityA New Cooling Device and Its Application inProduction of Hot Rolled High Strength Steel Sheets ...................... 529Nunokawa, T.; Hamamatsu, S.; Watanabe, K.; Kunishige, K.Properties and Weldability of Nb/Ti Offshore Platform Steels ................ 535Chipperfield, C.G.; Williams, J.G.Thermomechanical Treatment of HSLA Steels-Fundamentals and Realization .539de Boer, H.; Beenken, H.; Branscheid, P.; FloBdorf, F.J.; Haumann, W.;Hot, w.; Litzke, H.Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of HSLA Mn-Mo-V-N Steel ......... . 551Zhang Xiu-mu; Ke Guo-qing; Xia Dien-peiAdvanced Steels for Low-Temperature Service ............................ 557Imagumbia, M; Chijiiwa, R. Aikawa, N.; Nagumo, M.; Homma, H.;Matsuda, S.; Mimura, H.Production of Tough HSLA Heavy Plate Steels with a ModerateControlled ROiling Process ........................................... . 567Williams, J.G.; Killmore, C.R.; Williams, I.D.; Wood, J.A.Production Technology of Bethlehem's HSLA Plate Steels-Past, Present, and Future ............................................ . 579Abrams, H.; Paules, J.R.; Oren, E.C.; Hansen, S.S.Thermomechanical Control Processed High Toughness SteelPlates with Tensile Strength of 50 to 70 kgflmm2 for Welded Structure . ........ 591Shimizu, M.; Hiromatsu, M.; Takashima, S.; Kaji, H.; Kano, M.Properties of Niobium-Microalloyed Structural Steelas a Function of Thermomechanical Treatment ........................... 599Vollrath, L.; Schmitt-Thomas, Kh.G.Production, Microstructure and Properties of MicroalloyedHigh Strength 355 MN/m2 Grade Ship Plate . .............................. 605Li Guang-Ying; Yuan Zheng; Li Ming-You; Pu Shao-Kang; Li Ping-He; Lu Xue- YianUse of Microalloying Elements to Improve MechanicalProperties in Plates . ..................................... ; .......... . 613Lessel/s, J.Development and Production of Titanium Steels .......................... 627He Yong-KangIX

Fatigue Corrosion and Other End User RequirementsDuctile Fracture Propagation (D.F.P.) in Gas Pipelines:An Up-to-Date Survey of the "Italian Group"Activity on High Grade HSLA Pipe Materials .............................. .Bonomo, F.; Buzzichelli, G.; Demofonti, G.; Maresca, A; Nicolazzo, F.; De Lisi, A;De Vito, A; Rizzi, L.; Venzi, S.; Re, G.Specification and Fabrication of Steels for Use in Sour Hydrocarbon Pipelines .. 753Hill, R. T.Fatigue Deformation of High Strength Low Alloy Steelsover the Temperature Range from 77 to 300 K . ............................ 763Bratina, w.J.; Vue, S.; Aziza, M.; Rinella, AC.The Effects of Inclusions and Hydrogen on the Through-Thickness Propertiesof Z-Plates ......................................................... 771Cheng Jianhua; Wang Zubin; Xue Vide, Wang Zufang; Zhou Bishan; Tao ShimingFatigue Crack Growth of a HSLA Steel in Seawater ........................ 777Cigada, A; Mazza, B.; Pastore, T.; Pedeferri, P.Stress Corrosion Cracking in Seawater of HSLA Steel Type API 5L X65 ....... . 785Cigada, A; Pastore, T.; Re, G.; Rondelli, G.; Vicentini, B.A 65kgf-25CrMoTi-SSCC Resisting Steel ................................. 793Zhang Heng; Xhou Nengjin; Jiang Shuqiu; Jin Tongzhe; Zhou Yunan; Huang KaiDual Phase SteelsNew, Cold Formable Fe/AIIC Dual Phase Steels . .......................... . 801Thomas, G.Mechanical Anisotropy of Prestrained Sheets of a Dual-Phase Steel .......... 809Sugimoto, K; Sakaki, T.; Kuramoto, H.; Miyagawa, 0.Ferritic-Martensitic-Spheroidized Cementite Triphase Sheet Steel . ........... . 817Yang, D.Z.; Matlock, D.K; Krauss, G.Effect of Prior Cold Deformation on the Kinetics ofAustenite Formation During Intercritical Annealingof Low Carbon Low Alloy Steel 14 MnNb ................................ . 823Lei, T.C.; Pan,J.Behavior During Deep Drawing of Three Qualitiesof High Tensile Strength Cold Rolled Sheets . ............................ . 831Rault, D.; Entringer, M.Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultra-High-StrengthCold-Rolled Steel Sheets ............................................. 833Kinoshita, M.; Osawa, KXI

Deformation Behaviour of Si-Mn Dual-Phase Steels . ...................... . 843Wen Mubing; Ying Biqun; Chen Gianti; Liu Jia-lingComputation of Dual Phase Region in Low Alloy Steels . ................... . 851Ishida, K.; Wakakuwa, H.; Nishizawa, T.Bars, Forgings and Long ProductsMicroalloyed Ferrite-Pearlite Forging Steels with Improved Toughness . ....... . 863Lagneborg, R.; Sandberg, 0.; Roberts, W.Microalloyed Forging Steels-A Worldwide Assessment .................... 875Jones, B.L.; DeArdo, AJ.; Garcia, C.I.; Hulka, K.; Luthy, H.The Interrupted Accelerated Cooling Process after Hot Rollingfor Deformed Reinforcing Bars . ....................................... . 885Ye Shunfa; Liu Kun; Shi Zehan; Chang Chunzhe; Bao Zhonghao;Zhou Guangliang; Wu JianahuanControlled Rolling and Accelerated Water Cooling ofC-Mn and Microalloyed Bars . ......................................... . 893Jarl, M.; Tjernquist, U.Mechanical and Technological Properties of Temprimar®Weldable High Strength Rebars ........................................ 901Fromman, K.; Vlad, C.M.A Comparison Between the Temprimar® and TempcoreProcesses for Production of High Strength Rebars . ....................... . 909Vfad, C.M.Advanced Techniques for the Production of HSLA Steel Products ............ 913de fa Hamette, J.Large, High Dynamically Loaded Machine Parts Producibleby the Use of Precipitation Hardened Steel .............................. . 921Sommer, R.ASheet SteelsHot-Rolled Cb-Ti and Cb-Ti-V SheetSteels with 415 to 620 MPa Yield Strengths . .......................... , .. . 933Repas, P.E.High Strength Low Alloyed Steel Strips Today ............................ 941Brun, C.G.H.; Munier, M.J.MHot Rolled Coils for Special Applications ................................ 951DeVito, A; Masi, L.; Anel/i, £.; Cerquitel/a, A; Pontremoli, M.XII

Hot Rolled Plain Carbon Steel Sheets with aGood Combination of High Strength and Formability ...................... . 959Esaka, K.; Koyama, K.; Matsumura, Y.; Tashiro, M.High Strength Cold Rolled Sheet Steels for Automobiles ................... . 969Matsuoka, T.; Okamoto, A; Sugisawa, S.; Nakai, S.Metallurgical Consideration on High Strength Steel Sheetsfor Automobiles in Nippon Steel Corporation ............................. 977Takechi, H.; Akisue, O.High Strength Deep-Drawing Steel Sheet Obtained byBoth Static and Continuous Annealing Processes ........................ . 985Antoniucci, P.L.; Di Pace, L; Ricci Bitti, R.; Bassano, G.; De Vito, A; Gazzo, C.The Development of a Vanadium-Titanium-RareEarth Treated Microalloyed Deep Drawing Steel ....................... . ... 993Zhao Suoshen; Cao Xueren; Gu Jianzhong; Han OiyongThe Process Technology and Metallurgy of High Convection BellAnnealing for Steel Strip Coils ......................................... 999Lochner, H.; Perrin, AR.Development of Nb Added Ferrite-Bainite Steelsand Their Application to Wheels . ..................................... . 1011Hashimoto, S.; Sudo, M.; Hosoda, T.; Shibata, Z.CONFERENCE SUMMARY AND CLOSING REMARKS ..................... . 1021Gray, J.M.; T. KoCLOSING REMARKS ................................................ 1027Oi Yangjun, Minister of the Metallurgical IndustryXIII--~---- -~-----~-----