UNESCO-IHP and the Capacity Building and Training ... - Hwe.org.ps

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeThe International Hydrological Program(IHP)♦The IHP of UNESCO is a vehicle through which MemberStates can upgrade their knowledge of the water cycle andthereby increase their capacity to better manage anddevelop their water resources.♦♦Main Objective of IHP is to improve the technological andscientific bases for the development of methods and thehuman resource base for the sustainable management ofwater resources at various scales through research, capacitybuilding and transfer of knowledge.The Regional Hydrologist is responsible for planning andimplementing the IHP activities in the region (both regularbudget and extra-budgetary projects)2

History of IHPRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office1965-1974 IHD: Experimental BasinsWorld Catalogue of Very Large FloodsWorld Water Balance & WR of the Earth1975-1989 IHP(I-III): First Three Phases of IHP1990-1995 IHP IV: Hydrology and Water Resources for SustainableDevelopment1996-2001 IHP-V: Hydrology and Water Resources under VulnerableEnvironment2002-2007 IHP-VI: Water Interactions:Systems at Risk and Social Challenges2008-2013 IHP-VII: Water Dependencies:Systems under Stress and Societal Responses3

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeThemes of IHP VI (2002-2007)2007)Water Interactions: Systems at Risk and SocialChallengesThemes of IHP has been mapped to Mainline of Actions (MLA)and Actions (A) in the 31 C/5.Theme 1 (T1)Theme 2 (T2)Theme 3 (T3)Theme 4 (T4)Theme 5 (T5)Global Changes and Water Resources (MLA1, A-3)Integrated Watershed and Aquifer Dynamics ((MLA1, A-4)Land Habitat Hydrology (MLA1, A-5)Water and Society (MLA2, A-1)Water Education and Training (MLA2, A-2)Two cross-cutting programme components: FRIEND (Flow Regimesfrom International Experimental and Network Data) and HELP (Hydrologyfor Environment, Life and Policy) have been identified which, through theiroperational concept, interact with all themes.4

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeIHP-VII:Water Dependencies:Systems under Stress and Societal ResponsesEducation, transfer of knowledge and capacity buildingTHEME I:Global Changeson Watersheds& AquifersTHEME II:GovernanceforSustainabilityTHEME III:EcohydrologyforSustainabilityTHEME IV:Water and LifeSupportSystemTHEME V:Education andTraining forSustainabilityCross Cutting Programmes: The FRIEND and HELP5

Complexity requires new approachRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office7

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeWater Solidarity in UN System• Brought UN Agencies together in assessingwater issues• UN Water has recognized• WWDR as the flagship product• WWAP as the flagship programme• Production of African Water DevelopmentReport• The 2 nd WWDR was published in MexicoCity March 2006• Arab water resources report/digitalmap (in process)8

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeWorld Water Assessment Programme (WWAP)The State of The World’s Freshwater Resources9

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office10

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office11

Radwan Al Weshah,Water Challenges in the ArabUNESCO Cairo OfficeRegion• Aridity (low rainfall and high evaporation)• Population growths—food security• Deterioration in water quality• Social and economic development• Complexity in hydropolitics (water sharing/conflict)• Efficiency in water distribution and use• Public awareness and education• Water strategies/ institution/human resources12

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeWater Stress Index• For moderately developed countries in arid zones,renewable freshwater resources below 1,000m 3 /person/year results in chronic water scarcityimpeding development and harming human health• Water scarcity: :

Water Availability Indicators in the Arab RegionCountryWater availabilityworldwide ranking(out of 182)Water resources:Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficePopulationdensity in 2000(Inh / km 2 )Total renewable(Km 3 /year)Total renewable percapita (m 3 /capita/year)Mauritania 95 11.4 4,278 3Iraq 108 75.42 3,287 52Sudan 129 64.5 2,074 13Comoros 140 1.2 1,700 317Syria 141 26.26 1,622 88Somalia 144 13.5 1,538 14Lebanon 149 4.41 1,261 342Morocco 155 29 971 67Egypt 156 58.3 859 68Tunisia 162 4.56 482 61Algeria 163 14.49 478 13Djibouti 164 0.3 475 27Oman 165 0.99 388 12Yemen 168 4.1 223 35Bahrain 169 0.12 181 928Jordan 170 0.88 179 55Saudi Arabia 173 2.4 118 9Libya 174 0.6 113 3Emirates 178 0.15 58 31Gaza 179 0.06 52 2,834Kuwait 180 0.02 10 107West Bank 181 0.75 -- --Source: World Water Development Report, World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), UNESCO, 200314

CountryPopulation(2005)TARWRPer CapitaSurfaceWaterGroundWaterOverlap(SW & GW)Total Usethousands m 3 /yr % % % %Algeria 32,339 440 12 92 6 42Bahrain 739 157 3 0 0 258Djibouti 712 420 100 5 5 3Egypt 73,390 790 1 2 0 118Palestine 1,376 41 0 82 0Iraq 25,856 2,920 45 2 0 57Jordan 5,614 160 45 57 25 115Kuwait 2,595 8 0 0 0 2,227Lebanon 3,708 1,190 93 73 57 31Libya 5,659 106 33 83 17 802Mauritania 2,980 3,830 1 3 0 15Morocco 31,064 930 76 34 10 44Oman 2,935 340 94 97 91 137Qatar 619 86 2 94 0 554Saudi Arabia 24,919 96 92 92 83 722Somalia 10,312 1,380 40 23 21 23Sudan 34,333 1,880 43 11 8 58Syria 18,223 1,440 18 16 8 76Tunisia 9,937 460 68 32 9 60UAE 3,051 49 100 80 80 1,538Yemen 20,733 198 98 37 34 162TARWR: Total Available Renewable Water ResourcesRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeWater Availability Indicators in the Arab RegionSource: 2 nd World Water Development Report, World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), UNESCO, 200615

UNESCO/Flanders Science Fund in Trust ProjectCapacity Building and Training on EnvironmentalPlanning and Management in Palestine:Phase-IIThe Capacity Building and Training on EnvironmentalPlanning and Management in Palestine Phase-II is fundedby the Government of Flanders, executed by UNESCO andimplemented by the water research institutions anduniversities in Gaza and West Bank. The second phase ofthe project was officially launched in the PalestinianTerritory in January 2003.The overall objective of the project is to ensure the longterm conservation of the water resources in thePalestinian Territories through building capacities andsetting up a water resources network to foster thecooperation between the actors in the field, with respectto training, research and public awareness.Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office16

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficePhase-II Management Levels‣ Steering Committee (SC)(Administration and Management)‣ Technical Network Commission (TNC)(Technical Supervision)17

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeSteering committee (SC) members• UNESCO• The Flemish Government• The Palestinian Ministry of HigherEducation• PWA (Palestinian Water Authority)• Al-Azhar Azhar University• Two representatives from the TNC:- Dr. Hasan Shaban (Gaza)- Dr. Anan Jayyousi (West Bank)18

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeThe tasks of the SC are:• Control and compliance of the training andresearch projects to the project objectives,• Evaluation and approval of deliverables of thelatter projects, and• Budget control and evaluation of thedocumentation center.19

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeTechnical Network Commission (TNC)• Invitations has been sent to the water relatedinstitutions to participate or nominate members in TNC• Selection of the TNC members has been approved bythe SC• Two members have been elected to attend the SCmeetings.20

The participating institutionsRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office• Eleven institutes have submitted researchproposals:1. Al Azhar University, Gaza2. An-NajahUniversity, Nablus3. Bethlehem University4. Bir Zeit University5. Palestinian Environmental Water Quality Authority6. Islamic University Gaza7. Palestinian Hydrology Group8. Palestinian Ministry of Agriculture9. Purdue University, USA10.Palestinian Water Authority11.Water and Environmental Studies House21

Phase-II WorkplanRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office• The duration is 48 months (4 years) startingfrom January 2003.• It was agreed to extend the duration of theproject for one additional year (2007)22

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeImplementation• Total approved budget for years 2003-2007 2007 is$850,000.• Overall implementation of the project will becompleted by end of year 200723

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeResearch PrioritiesThe Technical Network committee (TNC) identifiedthe following priority areas for research:• Contaminate Transport Models• Water Resources Management• Water Laws and Legislation• Groundwater Protection and Management• Water Demand Assessment• Surface Water and Flood Hydrology• Socio-economic Aspects of Water Resources• Climatic Data Collection and Processing24

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeResearch Projects implemented in 2003-20042004• 10 research projects were funded.• All the research projects were finalized andcompleted.25

Research Projects implemented in 2003-20042004Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeCodeTitle(PI)InstitutionAdvisory PanelMembersC5The effect of soil type and wastewater composition in thenitrification processes during groundwater recharge.AAU + PMADr. Nahed GhbnEng. Masoud KeshtaA9Controlling Bacterial Re-growth by Improving the Design of theHousehold Storage TanksWESI + ANUDr Alfred AbedrabboDr. Amer SwalhehA11Impact of global Changes on Surface Water Resources in WadisContributing to the Lower Jordan BasinWESI + ANUDr. Karen AssafDr. Amer SwalhehB8Socio-economic Aspects of Water and Sewerage Infrastructurein Gaza GovernoratesEQADr. Mohammad AbuShammalehEng. Rebhy Al SheikhB9Integration of Environmental Concerns into Water ResourcesPlanning and Management in Gaza StripEQADr. Mohammed AL AghaDr. Mohammad AbuShammalehA7Prevalence and characterization of Shiga toxic Escherichia Coli(STEC) in Tulkarm and Jenin domestic wells in the West BankPWA + BZUDr. Jad IssacDr. Alfred AbedabboC4The reuse of reclaimed wastewater for irrigation of agriculturalcrops in the Palestinian highlandsBZUDr. Alfred AbedrabboDr. Omar ZimmoA6Ground water quality and pollution due to pesticide and tracemetal in Palestinian territoriesPWA + BZUDr. Anan JayyousiDr. Ayman RabiC2Improving the Safety of the Food crops produced in sludge-amended soil in Palestine.IUGDr. Mohammad AbuShammalehDr. Yousef Abu MaylaC10Domestic roof water harvesting in Gaza strip using spatialrainfall modeled dataAAUDr. Karen AssafEng Masoud KeshtaC6. Capacity Building for a program in water resourcesmanagement in Gaza and the West BankIUGDr. Hassan ShabbanDr. Yousef Abu Mayla26

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeResearch Projects implemented in Year 2005-20062006• 11 research projects were funded.• All the research projects were finalized andcompleted.27

Research Projects implemented in Year 2005-20062006Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeAccording to the following selection scriteria:1. Be in agreement with the aims of the project2. Relate to the priority fields of interest3. Include at least two members of the WRN: one team from a researchinstitution and one team representing a user of the research output4. Be coordinated by a research institution, member of the WRN5. Not exceed a duration of 2 years6. Not exceed the maximum allowable funding of 8000 $ in case of 2partners and 10000$ in case of more than 2 partners7. Respect the allowable costs8. Explicitly mention the deliverables and describe the measures fordissemination of the results to the different target groups9. Respect the identified submission procedure28

Research Projects implemented in Year 2005-20062006Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeNo. Title Coordinator Eval.Score1. Regional assessment of Dr. Mohammad N. 80 12 1- An Najah Univ, WESI.groundwater vulnerability to Almasri2- An-Najah Univ., Dept. of Civilcontamination in Gaza stripEngineering3- Environmental QualityAuthority, Palestine2. Assessment of theSupply/Demand Gap andEvaluation of the SuitableConservation Measures towardsSustainable Water Resources inPalestine3. Hydro-geological Evaluation forthe Impacts of the ProposedPhiladelphia Moat on TheGroundwater Resources in RafahArea, Gaza Strip, PalestineMths Institutions involved Advisory Panel BudgetAmjad Aliewi 80 12 1- House of Water andEnvironment2- An Najah University3- Bir Zeit University4- Palestinian Water AuthorityAhmed YakoubiPalestinian WaterAuthority79 12 1- Palestinian Water Authority2- Palestinian Hydrology Group1- MohammadAlagha2- Masood abokeshta3- KhalidQahman1- Anan Jayyousi2- Nahed Ghbn3- MohammadAlagha4- Karen Assaf10,00010,0007,9504. Application of a UASB-digestersystem for domestic sewagetreatment in Palestine5. Management Practices of SpringDischarges in CatchmentsContributing to the Lower JordanBasin6. Development and valuation oflocal fixed film materials toreclaim the effluent of septic tanknaturaltreatment systems forirrigated agricultureDr. Nidal Mahmoud 79 18 1- Birzeit Univ., Inst. for WaterStudies2- Birzeit Univ., Dept. of Chemistry3- Palestinian WastewaterEngineers Group (PWEG)Dr. Ammar Jarrar 79 24 1- An Najah Univ., WESI2- An Najah Univ., Dept. CivilEngineering2- Ministry of AgricultureDr. Rashed Al Sa’ed 76 18 1- Birzeit Univ., Inst. for WaterStudies2- Birzeit Univ. Dept. of CivilEngineering3- Palestinian Hydrology Group1- Omar Zimmo 10,0001- Karen Assaf2- Abu Mayla10,0001. Anan Jayyousi 10,00029

Research Projects implemented in Year 2005-20062006Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeNo. Title Coordinator Eval.Score7. Critical Improvements of theDrinking Water DisinfectionSystem within the NablusMunicipality8. Health Risks from MicrobialGrowth and Biofilms inDrinking Water DistributionSystems in Palestine9. Investigation on domesticReverse Osmosis Membranecontamination in Gaza10. Optimal Management ofGroundwater Resources inRafah Governorate, Gaza Strip,Palestine11. The Effect of WastewaterTreatment Plant onGroundwater (ChemicalQuality) in Gaza CityMths Institutions involved AdvisoryPanel1- Rebhi AlsheikhDr. Hassan Arafat 75 18 1- An Najah Univ, Chemical Eng.Dpt.2- An-Najah Univ., WESI3- Nablus Municipality, Dpt. ofDrinking Water &San.Dr. Khalid Swaileh 72 18 1- Birzeit Univ., Biology &Biochemistry Dpt.2- Birzeit Univ., Inst. for WaterStudies3- Al Quds Univ., MedicalResearch CentreRebhy El-SheikhPalestinian WaterAuthorityMazen ElbannaPalestinian WaterAuthoritySami HusseinLubbadPublic HealthLaboratory72 12 1- Palestinian Water Authority2- Al Azhar Univ., WaterResearch Centre3- Al Azhar Univ., Dept. ofMicrobiology71 12 1- Palestinian Water Authority2- Islamic University,Environmental & Rural Res.Center65 12 1- Public Health Lab., Min. ofHealth, Gaza2- Al Azhar Univ., WaterResearch Center.1- OmarZimmo1-MohammadAlagha1- NahedGhbn2- Masoodabokeshta3- KhalidKahman1- NahedGhbn2- AbuMaylaBudget9,7008,00010,0008,0007,95030

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeTraining Activities Themes1. Water supply/sanitation O&M2. Irrigation water management3. Project Management and quality assurance4. Management tools5. GW exploration development techniques6. Environmental auditing7. Integrated Water Resources Management31

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeImplemented Training ActivitiesNo. Title Coordinator Dates HostingInstituteTarget GroupNo. oftraineesInstructorsBudget1 Applications ofIWRM2 EIA for waterProjectsZiad Mimi January 7-27,06Nahed GhbnMohamadAbuJabalDecember 20,2005 - January14, 2006WSI BirzeitUniversityWRC,Al AzharUniversityWater, wastewaterand agriculturalengineers, managersand municipalitiesEngineers, PWA,Ministry ofAgriculture,EnvironmentalQuality Authority,Ministry ofplanning and fromNGOs and privatesectorUniversity lectures,engineers staff ofthe municipalitiesand PNA, universitygraduates andemployees workingin water andenvironmentalsectors with UNOrganization,NGOs, and privatesector20 Ziad MimiOmar ZimmoNidal MahmoudIyad YaqoobHazem KittanehAyman RabiMaher Abu MadiKamal IssaJameel HarbRashed Al-SaedKhaledNasereedine15 Nahed GhbnMohammed Abu-JabalZaher SalemRajeh Abbas$19,700$9,77532

Implemented TrainingRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeActivities:No. Title Coordinator Dates HostingInstituteTarget GroupNo. oftraineesInstructorsBudget3 Integrated WaterProjectsManagementRebhi El-SheikhYousef AbuMaylaNovember 19,2005 - January2, 2006WRC, AlAzharUniversityManagers anddevelopmentprofessionalsworking in watersector20 Adnan EnshassiNabil SwalhiMandouh ElghazaliHani SkikWalid HusseinMohsen Elghazali$20,0004 Irrigation WaterManagementDr. OmarZimmoEng. MasoudKeshtaJan. 7-21,2006 (WB)Jan7-15, 2006(GAZA)WSI BirzeitUniversity& PARC*(PalestinianAgriculturalReliefCommittees)Water, waste waterand agriculturalengineers fromMunicipalities,Palestinian WaterAuthority, Ministryof agriculture andfrom NGOs andprivate sectorworking inirrigation andagricultural sector.17 WB Team:Dirk RAES, (PhD)Omar Zimmo,(PhD)Maher Abu-Madi,(PhD)Jamil Harb, (PhD)Gaza Team:Hussam ElNajarAbdel MajeedNassarJamal ElDadahMasoud KeshtaMohammad Al-Muqaied.$19,96533

Implemented TrainingRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeActivities:No. Title Coordinator Dates HostingInstitute5 Spectroscopic & Mazen December 10, WRC, AlChromatographic Hamada 2005 - January Azharinstruments for water18, 2006 UniversityAnalysisTarget GroupStaff ofUniversities,Ministry ofEnvironment, PWA,NGOs, Ministry ofHealth, Ministry ofAgricultureNo. of Instructorstrainees20 Mazen HamadaEyad ElKahsefNasir KhoudeirAli ElLouhAiman Daa'maHassan TamousZyad Abu ZayedBudget$14,5206 Groundwater wellsin the NorthernGovernorates in theWest Bank: siting,design, construction,testing & operationand maintenance &rehabilitationAmjad AliewiAyamn JarrarJanuary 21 -Feb. 3, 2006House ofWater andEnvironmentPWA, engineers,water managers,regulators anddevelopers fromwater departmentsin Municipalitiesand Local Councils,Water Utilities andWater SupplyBodies16 Amjad AliewiMarwan GhanemMuath Abu SadahDeeb AbdulGhafourAyman JarrarAmjad TayseerAssi$20,00034

AchievementsRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office1) Research Projects• Twenty One Research projects weresuccessfully Completed.• To consolidate the outputs of theseresearch projects, five Researchprojects were extended for six moremonths.35

AchievementsRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office2) Training component• Nine training projects weresuccessfully Completed, 160 traineewere trained36

AchievementsRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office3) The documentation center was equipped atAl-AzharAzhar University in Gaza. Three desktopPCs, three LCD Monitors, one laptopcomputer, one LCD Projector with ceiling kitand movable projection screen werepurchased. A collection of books wereprocured for the project library.4) One Palestinian participant was supported toattend an international course on Scientificand Technological Information Managementin Universities and Libraries in Brussels,Belgium.37

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeAchievements5) A website was developed for the project and aproject brochure was prepared, printed anddistributed to all water institutions anduniversities working in Gaza and West Bank.6) The video conference system was purchased,installed and now operational at Al-AzharAzharUniversity.7) A wrapping international conference on theproject is being organized in August 2007.38

ConclusionsRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office• Despite of the current political situation andsecurity complexity in the West Bank and Gaza,• 21 research projects and 9 training activitieswere successfully implemented during years2003-2007 2007 in the field of water resourcesmanagement .• Achievements in capacity building at thePalestinian Territories were reached.39

RecommendationsRadwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo OfficeBased on the positive impact of the project on thewater sector in Palestine and upon the requests ofthe Palestinian stakeholders, relevant governmentaland non-governmental agencies, UNESCO CairoOffice is to explore the possibility of extending theproject to a third phase.40

Radwan Al Weshah,UNESCO Cairo Office41