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u.s. war crimes: torture as official bush administration policy10721. Phillip Zimbardo, The Lucifer Effect: Understanding How Good PeopleTurn Evil (2007).22. Alfred W. Mccoy, A Question of Torture: CIA Interrogation, From theCold War to the War on Terror 48 (2006).23. Martha K. Huggins, Moral Universes of Brazilian Torturers, 67 Alb. L. Rev. 527,527-28 (2003). These factors were taken directly from her article.24. Darius Rejali, Torture, American Style – The Surprising Force Behind Torture:Democracies, Boston Globe, Dec. 16, 2007, at D1.25. Id.26. See id.27. Darius Rejali, Torture and Democracy 46 (2007).28. Bill Lambrecht, A War-Torn Document, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Sept. 16, 2007,at B1.29. The term “‘evil-doers,’ [is] a term often used by President Bush to describe binLaden and Al Qaeda.” Anthony Shalid, Saudis Promise Stronger Role in Right onTerror, Boston Globe, Dec. 2, 2002, at A1.30. See generally John Yoo, Transferring Terrorists, 79 Notre Dame L. Rev. 1183(2004).31. Jane Mayer, Outsourcing Torture, New Yorker, Feb. 14, at 106 (quoting phoneinterview with John Yoo).32. George I. Annas, Human Rights Outlaws: Nuremberg, Geneva, and the GlobalWar on Terror, 87 B.U. L. Rev. 427, 431 (2007).33. Matthew B. Stannard, Stanford Experiment Foretold Iraq Scandal, S.F. Chron.,May 8, 2004, at A15.34. Rejali, supra note 27 46 (2007), at 554-56.35. Mark Bowden, The Dark Art of Interrogation, Atl. Monthly, Oct. 2003, at 55-56.36. James Hodge & Linda Cooper, Roots of Abu Ghraib in CIA Techniques: 50 Yearsof Refining, Teaching Torture Found in Interrogation Manuals; The U.S. andTorture; Cover Story, Nat’l Catholic Rep., Nov. 5, 2004, at 11.37. See, Prisoner Abuse: Patterns from the Past, at http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB122/ (providing KUBARK manual and 1983 Human ResourcesExploitation Manual). The term “KUBARK” is “a cryptogram, KU a randomdiptych and BARK the agency’s code word for itself.” Tim Weiner, Word forWord/Interrogation CIA Style, The Spy Agency’s Many Mean Ways to LoosenCold-War Tongues, N.Y. Times, Feb. 9, 1997, at 7.38. KUBARK Counterintelligence Interrogation 46 (Central IntelligenceAgency 1963).39. Id. at 90.40. Id. at 91.41. Id. at 94.42. Id. at 8.43. Human Resource Exploitation Training Manual (Central Intelligence Agency1983).

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