Predogled notranjih strani priročnika Angleščina 1 - DNK

azlaga vaje * test * rešitve * ➤1 * Nulti/ničti členNulti člen pomeni, da člena pred samostalnikom ni. Člena ni pred števnimi samostalniki v množini(books, children) in pred neštevnimi samostalniki (flour), ker v takih primerih govorimo o ljudeh ali stvarehna splošno (tights, jeans, food).Primer: I like milk. NE I like the milk.He builds buildings. NE He builds the buildings.Women are as smart as men! NE The women are as smart as the men!Raba in primeri nultega/ničtega člena v povedihČlena ne uporabljamo:The GermanNa str. xy sinatančneje poglej,kaj so števni inneštevni samostalniki .8z lastnimi imeni,pred svojilnimi zaimki,pred besedami father/mother/home,kadar govorimo o svojem domu/starših,pred nazivi, katerim sledi lastno ime,pred športi, igrami, aktivnostmi, barvami,pijačami, obroki hrane, dnevi, meseci,prazniki in jeziki, kadar ne sledi besedalanguage,pred stavbami in stvarmi, kadar se uporabljajoz namenom, zaradi katerega obstajajo:bed, school, college, university, church,hospital, prison, court.z besedo work (prostor, kjer delamo),v frazi by + prevozna sredstva,z imeni za bolezni,pred državami,pred mesti,pred ulicami,pred trgi,pred mostovi,pred postajami,pred parki,pred gorami,pred otoki,pred jezeri,pred kontinenti,z imeni trgovin, kavarn, restavracij,bank in hotelov, ki nosijo ime ustanoviteljain se končajo na -s ali ‘s,pred besednimi zvezami, kadar je prvabeseda lastno ime ali kraj.Isabella comes from Italy.This isn’t your jacket.Mother and Father are at home.Queen Elizabeth, President KennedyI always have soup for lunch. I never drink Cola.My favourite colour is orange. Tom likeswatching football. I speak GermanHis wife wentand French.to the hospitalto visit him.Mr Tompson was taken to hospital.I go to school. (I am a student).My mum goesto the school for aparent-teacher meetingMy mum is at work.every two months.by train, by bus, by carMy dad’s got diabetes. in the car, on the busSloveniaflu/the flu, measles/theLos Angelesmeasles, mumps/the mumpsHollywood StreetTrafalgar SquareLondon BridgeWaterloo StationCentral ParkTriglav, EverestSardinia, CyprusLake BledEuropeHenry’s Cafe,Barclays BankCharles de Gaulle Airport,Buckingham Palacethe White House, kerwhite ni lastno imelanguage is verycomplicated.the Netherlands,the USA, the UKthe High Street,the Strand, theBristol Road,the A4, the M1motorwaythe Bridge of Sighs,the Golden Gate Bridge,the Severn Bridge,the Forth Bridgethe Black Swan restaurant,ker‚ ‘black swan‘ ni lastnoime, ni ime osebe ali kraja.

azlaga * vaje test * rešitve*➤* 11. Vpiši nedoločni člen a ali an.Primer: a playfull kitten1. interesting book2. excellent lesson3. actor4. never-ending story5. airport6. unit7. hour8. very enjoyable film9. diaryPOZOR!Ko predstavimo skupinoljudi , stvari ali živali , lahkouporabimo 'a‘/‘an‘ ali 'the‘ aliničti člen .Primer:A dog is smarter that a rabbit. /The dogs are smarter that therabbits. / Dogs are smarter thanrabbits.2. Dopolni povedi z nedoločnim členom a ali an.Primer: She is a painter.1. There‘s1overhead projector in our classroom.2. I‘ve got2idea!3. Is there3apple or4banana in your handbag?4. I‘m having5cup of tea.5. Is there6library in your town?6. My mother is7honest person.3. Vstavi a, an, the ali 0.Primer: There‘s a girl. The girl is cute.1. What1expensive car!2. I always sleep late in2morning. In3afternoon I usually meet up with my friends and at4night I play computer games. I often go to5bed at6midnight.3. I feel sorry for7poor.4. Ana, would you like to go to8Kolosej with me tomorrow?5. Where are9children? They‘re playing in10bedroom.6. There are two sights I‘d like to see one day:11Golden Gate Bridge in12San Francisco and13Bridge of Sighs in14Venice.7. He plays basketball four times15week.8. Our parents went to16theatre last night.9.17breakfast is my favourite meal of18day.10. I am always in trouble so I am not happy when I see my mum coming to19school9

1 * * * * ➤razlaga vaje test rešitve4. V spodnje besedilo vstavi a, an, the ali 0.1 2 3My name is Charles Bristol. My favourite sport is cricket, my favourite colour is green,4 5 6 7I enjoy having warm hot dog for breakfast and I always drink Coke or Sprite8 9 10when we have break at school. I am sixteen years old and I come from England.11 12 3I live in city. My school is ten kilometres away from my home. It takes me fifteen14 15 16minutes to get there by bus. I usually take 7.30 bus from Central Station in17 18 19Park Street. On my way to school I catch sight of Barkley Square. Yesterday, we had20 21quiz day at school. It was lots of fun, ___ 22 Harry played ___ 23 guitar and we all sang.24 25 26 27I remember some of the questions, like: ‚Is Obama President of USA?‘ or ‚Is28 29White House in Washington?‘ and ‚When exactly can you visit Buckingham Palace?‘30 31 32 33My best friend, Thomas, was winner of quiz and I was second! I loved it!5. Vstavi a, an, the ali 0.1 2 3 4Celeste Blanc is sales manager for Hall Designs Bags for Europe and Northern5 6Africa. She works 24 hours day, seven days week. After working so hard for months, she7 8 9 10sometimes takes day off and does nothing. She stays at home in Berlin.11 12company she works for is based in Paris. She does important job and she‘s paid over13 14 15€7000 month. She‘s French, but she‘s married to German man and lives in16 17Germany with her family. She has two daughters. friend of hers says she‘s too busy to see her18 19 20because she‘s split between her family in France, her family in Germany and rest21 22of world. Being responsible for sales in her large region, she has to travel a lot. She‘s been23 24 25 26to Netherlands and Russia, to UK and to Slovenia as well. She‘s seen many27 28 29famous attractions like Tower of London and natural phenomena like Alps and30 31Mediterranean Sea. She‘s also met Queen Elizabeth in city of London. Whenever shefinds the time to see her parents, she flies to32Charles de Gaulle Airport which is only tenkilometres from her parents‘ house.10

azlaga vaje * test *rešitve * ➤* 1Števni in neštevni samostalnikiV angleščini delimo samostalnike na:Števne (countable)Te samostalnike lahko(pre)štejemo in jihpostavimo v množino.ednina množinaa bookan elephanta childbookselephantschildrenNEŠTEVNE (uncountable)Te samostalnike uporabljamo samo v edinini.Stvari, ki jih poimenujejo, ne moremo (pre)šteti.Opisujejo neko celoto, od katere lahko vzamemole en del. K neštevnim samostalnikomprištevamo snovna, pojmovna in skupna imena,množinske samostalnike, znanosti, jezike, igrein športe ter bolezni.edninajuicemeatoiltennisEconomicsSpanishbaseballflumnožinaNE tvorijo množine!Števni samostalnikiŠtevne samostalnike lahko uporabljamo v ednini (a television) ali jih postavimo v množino (televisions).Množina samostalnikovMnožino samostalnikov tvorimo tako, da samostalniku v ednini dodamo končnico –s in odstranimonedoločni člen a/an. Obstajajo pa posebnosti, predstavljene v spodnji tabeli.Primer:edninaa balloona computermnožinaballoonscomputers11

1 ** * * ➤razlaga vaje test rešitve1. s/ss/ch/sh/x/z +esa busbusesa kisskissesa church churchesa bushbushesa boxboxesa buzzbuzzes2. soglasnik+yà y + iesa country countriesa babybabies3. o +esa potato potatoesa tomato tomatoes4. o +s(glasbila, okrajšave, lastna imena)a pianopianosa photo photosa kilokilosa memo memosa zoozoosan Eskimo Eskimosa radioradiosa videovideosa studio studios5. o +s/es(nekateri samostalniki poznajo obe obliki)a buffaloa mosquitoa volcanoa zeroa flamingoa tornadobuffalos/buffaloesmosquitos/mosquitoesvolcanos/volcanoeszeros/zeroesflamingos/flamingoestornados/tornadoes6. f/fe ➝ +vesa leafleavesa loafloavesa housewife housewivesa knifeknivesa wolfwolvesa shelfshelvesa calfcalvesa halfhalvesa lifelivesa selfselvesa thiefthieves7. f/fe ➝ +sa roofroofsa beliefbeliefsa chiefchiefsa cliffcliffsa safesafesa giraffegiraffes8. f/fe ➝ +ves/+s(nekateri samostalniki poznajo obe obliki)a scarfscarfs/scarvesa hoofhoofs/hoovesa handkerchiefhandkerchiefs/handkerchieves9. Nekateri samostalniki latinskega ali grškegaizvora tvorijo množino tako, da jim dodamogrško ali latinsko pripono.a basisbasesa crisiscrisesa terminus terminia criterion criteriaa phenomenon phenomenaa stimulus stimulia datumdataa medium media12

* * *➤➤razlaga vaje test rešitve * 110. Nepravilna množinaEdninaa tootha foota gooseEdninaa mana policemana womanEdninaa childa mousean oxa persona louseMnožinateethfeetgeeseMnožinamenpolicemenwomenMnožinachildrenmiceoxenpeopleliceoo ➝ eea ➝ eNispremembe!POZOR!Če je besedna zveza sestavljena iz dveh besed,praviloma končnico –s/-es dodamo zadnji besedi(‘a ball game’ ➝ ‘ball games’, ‘a frying pan’ ➝ ‘fryingpans’), izjema so zloženke, kjer dva samostalnikapovezuje predlog ali če je v besedni zvezi ensam samostalnik. V takem primeru se končnica–s/-es doda prvemu samostalniku. (‘a mother-inlaw’➝ ‘mothers-in-law’).Čeprav se boš moral vse teoblike naučiti na pamet, bodipozoren , saj lahko ponekodnajdeš podobnostipri spremembi .Edninaa sheepa fisha deera bisona trouta salmona crossroadsa meansa seriesa speciesa dicea spacecraftan aircrafta hovercraftMnožinasheepfishdeerbisontroutsalmoncrossroadsmeansseriesspeciesdicespacecraftaircrafthovercraft2. Iz spodnjih besed v ednini tvori množino in jih razvrsti v stolpce glede na pravila.a diarya tootha toya brusha ladya childa radioa seriesa glassa keya lousea fisha foota computera meansa womana knifea partya potatoa lampa radiatora tornadoa flyan Eskimoa matcha torcha buffaloa hivean oxa disc jockeya mosquitoa bencha wolfa gatea scarfa datuma giraffea tenta roofa shelfa crisisa zooa tomatoa spya classa sandwicha witcha hoofa medium+s s/ss/ch/ soglasnik+ysh/x/z +es ➝ y + ieso+eso +so+s/esf/fe+vesf/fe➝ +sf/fe➝ +ves/+slatinskiin grškisamostalnikinepravilnamnožina13

1 ** * * ➤razlaga vaje test rešitveNeštevni samostalnikiNekateri samostalniki so neštevni. To pomeni, da nimajo množinske oblike (jim ne dodajamo končnice-s in pred njimi ne moremo uporabiti nedoločnega člena a/an). Za njimi uporabljamo edninsko oblikoglagola, razen v primerih, ki so razloženi spodaj.Snovna imena(tekočine, trdne snovi,plini, hrana, pijača ...)cheesewatermustardtoothpaste + ISbloodteacoalair...Pojmovna imena(pojmi)happinessangerbehaviourbusinessworkadvicenews*+ IS*Edninsko obliko glagolauporabljamo tudi predsamostalniki , ki se končajona –s, saj niso množinski(npr. news, mathematics).Skupnaimenafruitfurniturehomeworkjewellerymoneyrubbishpolicecattle+ IS+ AREfamilycompanyclassstuffcouplegroupcrowdteam+IS/AREKadar se skupna imenananašajo na skupino ljudi ,jim včasih sledi edninska,včasih pa množinska oblikaglagola, odvisno od tega, aliimamo v mislih posameznečlane skupine (množina/’are’)ali skupino kot celoto(ednina/’is’).Množinskisamostalnikiglassesjeansshortspyjamastightssocks+ARENekateri samostalnikiimajo samo množinskoobliko, zato za njimivedno uporabljamomnožinsko oblikoglagola (‘are’).Pred neštevne samostalnike lahko postavimo this, that, some/any, no, much, what, some, such,a lot of, a little, much ali besede, ki izražajo količino ali embalažo.V pogovorni angleščini količine ni potrebno omeniti, kadar smo prepričani, da nas bo poslušalec razumel.Tako lahko v restavraciji naročimo two cups of teas ali pa preprosto two teas. Natakar bo namrečvedel, da želimo dve skodelici čaja. Na ta način neštevni samostalnik postane števni.three ice-creamsfour cakesa coffeetwo juices(= three portions of ice-cream)(= four pieces of cake)(= a cup of coffee)(= two glasses of juice)Poznamo še druge načine, kako neštevne samostalnike štejemo: uporabimo besede in besedne zvezeza izražanje količine v litrih in kilogramih, besede, ki izražajo embalažo in ostale fraze, ki označujejo količino:14a kilo / a pound of applesa flash / bolt of lightninga tin/ a can of salmona game of basketballan item of newsa carton of orange juicea slice of breada piece of cakea packet of spaghettia cup / a pot of teaa pound of cheesea glass / a bottle of winea bar of chocolatea pair of trousersa lot of / lots of homeworka bit of newsa jar of marmaladea sheet of papera box of chocolatesa tube of toothpaste ...NAMIG:Največkrat so neštevnitisti samostalniki , ki jihmerimo v kilogramih inlitrih ali jih kupimo vrazni embalaži .

* * ** ➤razlaga vaje test rešitve 11. Ali so spodnji samostalniki števni (C = countable), neštevni (U = uncountable) alimnožinski (P = plural)?Primer: trousers Ppyjamas1sadness4music7trout9yoghurt11government2furniture5knickers8politeness102. Vstavi samostalnik + of, da izraziš količino. Včasih je možnih več odgovorov.Primer: a jar of jam1. a1advice2. a2jeans3. a3sugar4. a4thunder5. a5basketball6. a6oil7. a7lemonade8. a8information9. a9bread10. a10lightning3. Spodnje neštevne samostalnike spremeni v števne, kot kaže primer.Včasih je možnih več odgovorov.Primer: toothpaste – three tubes of toothpaste1. paper – three12. sardines – two23. furniture – four34. tea – two45. news – two56. flour – six67. chocolate – three78. jewellery –two89. billiards – five910. yoghurt – two104. Preberi časopisni članek in podčrtaj pravilne oblike števnih in neštevnih samostalnikov inpravilne oblike glagolov.Garcia Factory for BilstonGarcia Clothing Company from London is going to build a brand new factory in BilstonThis/These 1 news was/were 2 announced yesterday by Mr Eli Garcia, the company’s ownerand director. Mr Garcia had spent a week in Bilston preparing all the paper/papers 3 for the constructionbefore he returned back to the headquarter/headquarters 4 in London.Garcia Clothing Company has/have 5 been in existence for 99 years. Having a new factory in Bilstonnext year is a part of a big celebration for being on the market for 100 years. The company is/are 6famous for its waterproof clothing. Their dressmakers have a lot of experience/experiences 7 indesigning clothes for camping and other sports activities, like trouser/trousers 8 , jacket/jackets 9and tent/tents 10 , as well as other sports equipment/equipments 11 made of fabric.Mr Garcia will not say how many/much 12 new posts will be in Bilston, but our information/informations 13is/are 14 that there could be as many as 350. The news is/are 15 welcome, because it is hard to find work/works 16 these days.15

1 ** ** ➤razlaga vaje test rešitveČas: 25 minutTočke: Zbrane točke in ocena: 80/80–70 = 5 69–60 = 4 59–50 = 3 49–40 = 21. Vstavi nedoločni člen a ali an. 5/Mr Baker seems to be1angry man.Would you like2glass of orange juice and3piece of cake?Tijana is not4English name.Look at that car! It‘s5expensive car, isn‘t it?2. Quiz 16/1. Is1Ottawa2capital of3Canada?a) Yes b) No2. Is4Everest5highest mountain in6world?a) Yes b) No3. Where are7Maltese Islands?a) in8Mediterranean Sea b) in9Adriatic Sea4. What is10highest mountain in11Slovenia?a)12Triglav b)13Stol5. Where is14Hudson River?a) In15USA b) in16Australia3. Povedi dopolni s členi: a, an, the ali 0. 10/1. Our car can go at 220 km ___ 1 hour.2. Tina, where‘s ____ 2 scarf I lent you last week?3. I haven‘t seen you for ages! Do you still live in _____ 3 San Francisco?4. Bella‘s mother works as _____ 4 interpreter.5. What do you usually have for _____ 5 breakfast?6. 'Can you tell me the way to _____ 6 nearest post office?‘ ‚Of course. Go along ____ 7 Style Street andturn left when you get to ____ 8 cinema.7. 'I saw ____ 9 interesting film last week.‘ 'Oh! What was ____ 10 film about?‘16

azlaga * vaje * test rešitve * ➤* 14. V spodnje besedilo vstavi množino samostalnikov, ki so v oklepaju. 10/There are many differenta lot of biggerin it. One can observe native1(species) of animals in Ljubljana zoo. Although there are quite2(zoo) in Europe, I like the one in Ljubljana because there is a lot to see3(animal) as well as animals from around the world. It takesyou approximately three hours to walk around it. I love the birds singing and this is how I recharge my4(battery). We always stop to see the5(monkey), the6(giraffe)and the colourful7(fish) that my daughter enjoys watching. I always see8(child) laughing and running around like crazy. I love seeing happy9(face)! We‘ve takenhundreds of10(photo) while visiting the zoo, I‘m sure!5. Ali so spodnji samostalniki števni (C = countable),neštevni (U = uncountable) ali množinski (P = plural)? 9/knowledge1trunks4trousers7men2advice5tights8anger3kisses6teeth96. Vstavi samostalnik + of, da izraziš količino. 10/1. a ______________ 1 iced tea2. a ______________ 2 chalk3. a ______________ 3 chocolate4. a ______________ 4 chocolates5. a ______________ 5 wood6. a ______________ 6 paper7. a ______________ 7 cake8. a ______________ 8 macaroni9. a ______________ 9 socks10. a ______________ 10 cheese7. Dopolni povedi s samostalniki v njihovi edninski ali množinski obliki. 4/peopleAllMany2of the world should have enough to eat.1were waiting for the doctor.scaleThe earthquake was 7.0 on the Richter 3.I weighed myself on the 4.17

1 *razlaga *vaje * ➤test *rešitverazlaga vaje test rešitve➤Obvladam?Uporabljati znam nedoločni člen (a/an).Uporabljati znam določni člen (the).Uporabljati znam nulti/ničti člen.Tvoriti znam množino samostalnikov.Poznam posebnosti pri tvorbi množine (nepravilna množina), npr. a sheep – sheep.Poznam razliko med števnimi in neštevnimi samostalniki.Poznam embalažo, v kateri kupujemo določene izdelke (npr. a carton of milk), in vem,kako izraziti količino neštevnih samostalnikov (npr. a bar of chocolate).Nedoločni člen, določni člen, nulti/ničti člen1. 1 an, 2 an, 3 an, 4 a, 5 an, 6 a, 7 an, 8 a, 9 a.2. 1 an, 2 an, 3 an, 4 a, 5 a, 6 a, 7 an.3. 1 an, 2 the, 3 the, 4 -, 5 -, 6 -, 7 the, 8 the, 9 the, 10 the,11 the, 12 -, 13 the, 14 -, 15 a, 16 the, 17 -, 18 the, 19 the.4. 1 -, 2 -, 3 -, 4 a, 5 -, 6 -, 7 -, 8 a, 9 -, 10 - , 11 the, 12 -, 13 -,14 -, 15 the, 16 -, 17 -, 18 -, 19 -, 20 a, 21 -, 22 -, 23 the, 24 -,25 the, 26 the, 27 the, 28 -, 29 -, 30 -, 31 the, 32 the, 33 the.5. 1 a, 2 -, 3 -, 4 -, 5 a, 6 a, 7 a, 8 -, 9 -, 10 the, 11 -, 12 an, 13 a,14 -, 15 a, 16 -, 17 a, 18 -, 19 -, 20 the, 21 the, 22 the, 23 the,24 -, 25 the, 26 -, 17 the, 28 the, 29 the, 30 -, 31 the, 32 -.Števni in neštevni samostalniki1. 1 P, 2 U, 3 U, 4 U, 5 U, 6 P, 7 C, 8 U, 9 U.2. 1 piece of, 2 pair of, 3 lump of, 4 clap/peal of, 5 game of,6 drop of/bottle of, 7 glass of/bottle of, 8 piece of, 9 sliceof/loaf of, 10 flash/bolt of.3. 1 pieces of paper, 2 cans/tins of sardines, 3 pieces of furniture,4 pots/cups of tea, 5 items/pieces of news, 6 bagsof flour, 7 bars of chocolate, 8 items/pieces of jewellery, 9games of billiards, 10 pots of yoghurt.4. 1 this, 2 was, 3 papers, 4 headquarters, 5 has, 6 is, 7 experience,8 trousers, 9 jackets, 10 tents, 11 equipment, 12 many,13 information, 14 is, 15 is. 16 work.Množina samostalnikov1.+s s/ss/ch/sh/x/z +essoglas.+yà y + ieso +es o +s o +s/es f/fe+vesf/feà +sf/fe à+ves/+slatinskiin grškisamos.datamediacrisesnepravilnamnožinatoyskeyscomputerslampsradiatorshivesdisk jockeysgatestentsbrushesglassesmatchestorchesbenchesclassessandwicheswitchesdiariesladiespartiesfliesspiespotatoestomatoesradiosEskimoszoostornados/ knivestornadoes shelvesbuffalo/ wolvesbuffaloesmosquitoes/mosquitosgiraffesroofsscarfs/scarveshoofs/hoovesteethchildrenserieslicefishfeetmeanswomenoxen1. 1 an, 2 a, 3 a, 4 an, 5 an.2. 1 -, 2 the, 3 -, 4 -, 5 the, 6 the, 7 the, 8 the, 9 the, 10 the,11 -, 12 -, 13 -, 14 the, 15 the, 16 -.3. 1 a, 2 the, 3 -, 4 an, 5 -, 6 the, 7 -, 8 the, 9 an, 10 the.4. 1 species, 2 zoos, 3 animals, 4 batteries, 5 monkeys,6 giraffes, 7 fish, 8 children, 9 faces, 10 photos.5. 1 U, 2 C, 3 U, 4 P, 5 U, 6 C, 7 P, 8 P, 9 C.6. 1 glass/bottle of, 2 bit/piece of, 3 bar of, 4 box of, 5 blockof, 6 sheet of, 7 piece of, 8 plate of/bag of, 9 pair of, 10 kilo/pound of.18