4982 UNITED STATES v. PRIMECOUNSELAnna M. Tolin, Siderius Lonergan & Martin, Seattle, Washington,for the defendant-appellant.<strong>Michael</strong> T. Sennott, Siderius Lonergan & Martin, Seattle,Washington, for the defendant-appellant.Bruce F. Miyake, Assistant <strong>United</strong> <strong>States</strong> Attorney, Seattle,Washington, for the plaintiff-appellee.TROTT, Circuit Judge:OPINIONIOVERVIEW<strong>Michael</strong> <strong>Prime</strong> (“<strong>Prime</strong>”) was charged with, and convicted<strong>of</strong>, one count <strong>of</strong> conspiracy to commit wire fraud, in violation
UNITED STATES v. PRIME<strong>of</strong> 18 U.S.C. § 371; one count <strong>of</strong> conspiracy to manufacturecounterfeit securities, in violation <strong>of</strong> 18 U.S.C. § 371; andthree counts <strong>of</strong> possessing, manufacturing, and uttering counterfeitsecurities, in violation <strong>of</strong> 18 U.S.C. § 513(a). <strong>Prime</strong>raises four issues on appeal: 1) whether the district court properlydenied his motion for a Franks hearing; 1 2) whether thecourt abused its discretion in allowing the testimony <strong>of</strong> anexpert handwriting analyst; 3) whether the court abused itsdiscretion in not allowing <strong>Prime</strong> to substitute counsel; and 4)whether the jury’s potential exposure to extrinsic evidencewas grounds for a new trial. We have jurisdiction under 28U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm all <strong>of</strong> the district court’s ordersand decisions.IIBACKGROUND4983Between April and June 2001, <strong>Prime</strong>, along with three coconspirators,David Hiestand (“Hiestand”), Juan Ore-Lovera,and Jeffrey Hardy, sold non-existent items on eBay, purchaseditems using counterfeit money orders created by thegroup, sold pirated computer s<strong>of</strong>tware, and stole credit cardnumbers from s<strong>of</strong>tware purchasers. To facilitate this operation,<strong>Prime</strong> and his cohorts used a credit card encoder to inputthe stolen data on their own credit cards, set up post <strong>of</strong>ficeboxes under false names, manufactured false identifications,and used a filter bank account to hide proceeds <strong>of</strong> the crimes.1 In order to receive a Franks hearing, the defendant must make a nonconclusoryand “ ‘substantial preliminary showing’ that the affidavit containedactual falsity, and that the falsity either was deliberate or resultedfrom reckless disregard for the truth.” <strong>United</strong> <strong>States</strong> v. Chesher, 678 F.2d1353, 1360 (9th Cir. 1982) (citing Franks v. Delaware, 438 U.S. 154, 171(1978)). There is no evidence that the immaterial inaccuracies containedin the affidavit were either deliberate or made with reckless disregard forthe truth, and thus this issue on appeal is without merit.