ENERGY IN ICELAND - Orkustofnun

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Oddur SigurðssonThe Ferrosilicon plant and aluminum plant atGrundartangi.evaluate and compare various powerdevelopment proposals, and discusstheir respective impacts on: the environment,natural and cultural heritage,other resources, and regionaldevelopment.First, preliminary assessment canhelp the authorities to plan the utilizationof the resources. It will alsoreveal project locations where theprotection value is high and legislativeprotection is desirable. Thirdly,an early assessment is helpful toland-use planners. This assessmentwill not replace the detailed assessment required by legislation for environmentalimpact assessment.Technically feasible hydroelectric power plants are estimated to number about 70and technically feasible geothermal power plants between 30 and 40. The conclusionsfor phase one, which includes 19 hydropower projects and 24 geothermalplants in 10 geothermal areas were submitted in the fall of 2003. The National Associationfor the Protection of the Icelandic Environment (Landvernd), was entrustedwith consulting power companies, associations, and the public, and disseminatinginformation through public meetings and a website for the Framework Programme.A second project evaluation phase was initiated in 2004 with the goal of presentinga new comparative list of projects by early 2009. These would be new projects inpreviously unexplored areas, as well as revised projects in areas considered duringthe first phase. The emphasis in this phase is on projects that require developing hightemperature fields, as well as on improvements in the precipitation run-off map thatfacilitate decisions on the development of small hydro power projects.Advisory groups are working on improvements in the methodology applied to evaluatingenergy potential and the landscape and wilderness at stake in the developmentof high temperature fields. A progress report on this work will be presented inearly 2007 (see www.os.is/page/english).The FrameworkProgrammeThe objective of the Framework Programme is toevaluate and compare various power developmentproposals and to discuss their potential impact onthe environment, natural and cultural heritage, and regional development. The conclusionsof the first phase were submitted in the fall of 2003. A second phase was initiatedin 2004, the results of which are expected in 2009.32
6 <strong>ENERGY</strong>efficiencyGeneral usageIceland is rich in clean, renewableenergy sources, and the primaryfocus has been on how to increasetheir efficient utilization. To obtainenergy efficiency the aim is to reduceenergy consumption throughthe use of more efficient appliancesand equipment.Icelandic households use a considerableamount of energy, and there isample potentiality to lower the energybill for most consumers. Lowpricedenergy, especially geothermalheating, has led to a lack of awarenessabout rational use of energyHigh-voltage transmission line.among households. About 10% ofhouseholds in Iceland use electricity for space heating, which is subsidized by theauthorities. Prices are subsidized to make the cost similar to that of geothermal heating.Increased energy efficiency in these areas decreases the cost for both the stateand the consumers.The energy consumption in the fisheries and transport is high, and almost primarilydependent on imported fossil fuels. Energy saving is the most immediate and costeffectivemanner to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in these sectors. The NationalEnergy Authority has promoted several projects to analyze the energy use and potentialfor increased efficiency in households and industry.Oddur Sigurðsson33
Page 1 and 2: ENERGY IN ICELANDHistorical Perspec
Page 3: ENERGY IN ICELANDHistorical Perspec
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTSForeword by the Minister of
Page 8 and 9: 1 IntroductionDuring the past centu
Page 10 and 11: 2 Historical OVERVIEWof Energy Affa
Page 12 and 13: Oddur SigurðssonA hydropower stati
Page 14 and 15: 3 ENERGYRESOURCESEnergy reservesOdd
Page 16 and 17: Figure 3. Installed capacity of the
Page 18 and 19: 4 ENERGY usePrimary energy use inin
Page 20 and 21: Oddur SigurðssonHeated parking spa
Page 22 and 23: Helga BarðadóttirThe silica rich
Page 24 and 25: Oddur SigurðssonDuring the Christm
Page 26 and 27: In 1970, the first year that the IS
Page 28 and 29: Iceland New Energyof these gases, s
Page 30 and 31: 5 RegulatorystructureLegislation on
Page 34 and 35: Energy agencyA step towards bringin
Page 36 and 37: 7 Lookingto the futurePolicy object
Page 38 and 39: which will take at least a decade t
Page 40: Figure 20. Map of Iceland.40

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