Election Results Analysis - FAFEN

Pakistan General Elections 2008Election Results AnalysisA Report Based on Parallel Vote Tabulations (PVTs)in 242 National Assembly ConstituenciesConducted on February 18, 2008Free & Fair Election Network

Title: Pakistan General Election 2008: Election Results AnalysisAll rights reserved. Any part of this publication may be produced ortranslated by duly acknowledging the source.First Edition: March 2009, Copies xxxxxxxxFree and Fair Election Network Secretariat23-B, Main Nazimuddin Road,F-10/4, Islamabad, PakistanEmail: secretariat@fafen.orgWebsite: www.fafen.orgDesign by: ENCORE 051-226 1647, info@encore.com.pk

Pakistan General Elections 2008Election Results AnalysisA Report Based on Parallel Vote Tabulations (PVTs)in 242 National Assembly ConstituenciesConducted on February 18, 2008

AcknowledgementsThe Free and Fair Election Network (FAFEN) has had many successes sinceits inception in 2006. These successes include Pakistan’s first statisticallyvalid audit of the 2007 Draft Electoral Roll and the largest domesticelection observation deployment for any Pakistan election (almost 20,000observers on February 18, 2008 for General Elections).These achievements would not have been possible without the invaluableservices and partnership of FAFEN’s member organizations and theirdedicated personnel or without the support of The Asia Foundation, withgenerous financial contributions from Canadian International DevelopmentAgency (CIDA), Royal Norwegian Embassy, Royal Netherlands Embassy,Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), United Kingdom’sDepartment for International Development (DfID) and U.S. Department ofState, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor (DRL).FAFEN Executive Council

FAFEN Member OrganizationsAssociation for Creation of Employmnet (ACE)AIMS OrganizationAll Women’s Advancement and Resource Development (AWARD)Baanhn BeliBasic Education For Awareness Reforms and Empowerment (BEFARE)Community Awareness Raising and Advocacy VenturesAround Needs (CARAVAN)CAVISH Development FoundationCitizens Commission for Human Development (CCHD)Community Development Program (CDP)Centre for Peace and Development (CPD)Centre for Peace and Development Initiatives (CPDI)IntermediaIndus Resource Center (IRC)Integrated Regional Support Programme (IRSP)Khwendo KorMathini Women’s Welfare Association (MWWA)Paiman Alumni TrustPattan Development OrganizationPakistan Press Foundation (PPF)Sangat Development FoundationSajjan Development Organization (SDO)Strengthening Participatory Organization (SPO)Sungi Development FoundationTakhleeqTaraqee FoundationUnited Rural Development Organization (URDO)Village Friends Organization (VFO)

ContentsIntroduction................................................................................... 08FAFEN - An Introduction...........................................................................08Summary of FAFEN Election Observation Methodology and Findings...09Parallel Vote Tabulation: A Note on Methodology....................................19SECTION INWFP and FATA ........................................................................... 25NA-1 to NA-47.......................................................................... page 26 - 64SECTION IIIslamabad Capital Teritory ........................................................... 65NA-48 and NA-49..................................................................... page 66 - 67SECTION IIIPunjab .......................................................................................... 69NA-50 and NA-197................................................................. page 70 - 205SECTION IVSindh .......................................................................................... 207NA-198 and NA-258............................................................. page 208 - 262SECTION VBaluchistan ................................................................................ 263NA-259 and NA-271............................................................. page 264 - 273SECTION VIAnnexure..................................................................................... 275A. FAFEN Pre-Election Observation Checklist .......................................277B. FAFEN Election Day Fax Forms.........................................................286

IntroductionFAFEN Election Anniversary PublicationsFAFEN offers two new publications on the one-year anniversary of the February 18, 2008,Pakistan General Elections. The first publication – Election Day Process Analysis – presentsdata and analysis not previously available, based on qualitative observation checklists frommore than 18,000 FAFEN Election Day observers. FAFEN observers filled out a set of detailedchecklists about the opening of the polls, the voting process, the closing of the polls, the ballotcounting process, and the consolidation of election results. FAFEN’s Election Day observation datais presented in full, along with additional summary findings and recommendations. The secondpublication – Elecetion Results Analysis – consolidates all FAFEN Parallel Vote Tabulation (PVT)results for 242 National Assembly constituencies. These new publications are intended to contributeto the ongoing process of the Election Commission of Pakistan’s Electoral Reforms Committeetowards comprehensive reform of the Pakistan electoral system. FAFEN’s recommendations areoffered in a spirit of cooperation and shared goals.About FAFENThe Free and Fair Election Network (FAFEN) was established in 2006 as a coalition of 30 leadingcivil society organizations in Pakistan with the primary objective to mobilize voters and observe thegeneral elections that took place in February 2008.Since its inception, FAFEN has had many successes. The impact of its work on the process andconduct of elections has been acknowledged by political parties, the Election Commission ofPakistan, international observer groups, and domestic and international media. For example:“In terms of reporting on and affecting changes in electoral administration and being coordinated,(FAFEN) domestic observation was more effective than international observation. … It was probablythe most effective and efficient activity supported by the donors … (and) should be studied furtheras best practice.” – Joint Donor Evaluation of Pakistan Electoral Assistance 2006-2008 (August2008)“FAFEN produced valuable election related information throughout the election period as well asa strong set of recommendations for election reform. Their parallel vote tabulation (PVT) effort wasparticularly impressive as they were able to have election monitors in 8,000 polling places throughoutthe day.” -- Joint Donor Evaluation of Pakistan Electoral Assistance 2006-2008 (August 2008)“The FAFEN observation reports show high quality of quantitative analysis based on both access todata from a statistically significant range of constituencies and a sound methodology.” – EuropeanUnion Election Observation Mission (EU EOM) Final Report (April 2008)What started out in 2006 as a loose network of civil society organizations was registered in 2008as a legal entity under the name of Trust for Democratic Education and Accountability, which nowmanages FAFEN. For more information, please go to www.fafen.org8 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

Summary of FAFEN Election ObservationMethodology and FindingsPART I: VOTERS’ LIST AUDIT & OBSERVATION OF DISPLAY PERIODA. MethodologyFrom June 13 to July 18, 2007, FAFEN conducted Pakistan’s first statistically valid audit of the DraftElectoral Roll (2007). FAFEN conducted a List-to-People and People-to-List audit in electoral areascovered by 506 randomly selected Display Centers throughout the country - a methodology thathas been tried and tested in many other countries. These Display Centers were selected in 500randomly chosen Union Councils according to proportion of population of each province.In addition, FAFEN observed the quality of processes implemented by the Election Commissionof Pakistan (ECP) Display Center Information Officers (DCIOs) in order to analyze their fairness,neutrality, and transparency, based on the ECP’s Manual of Instruction. FAFEN’s qualitativeobservation was conducted at about 21,000 (out of 45,000) Display Centers. Additionally, morethan 3,000 DCIOs and 25,400 people visiting the Display Centers were interviewed to gauge theirperceptions about the processes inside the centers.IntroductionFAFEN also studied the activities of political parties and civil society organizations during theDisplay Period to analyze their level of interest in the process at more than 5,500 locations ofthe four provinces. A total of 754 FAFEN static and mobile observers, duly trained for their multifacetedtasks, were employed to carry out this research.B. Key FindingsFAFEN’s key findings with regard to the accuracy and completeness of the 2007 Draft ElectoralRoll were as follows:1. A Quarter of Households were Not RegisteredAlmost 27 percent of households in the electoral areas covered were found to be not registered inthe draft electoral roll. The highest number of unregistered households was found in NWFP at 45.53percent. This was followed by Balochistan, with 41.22 percent; Islamabad at 37.5 percent; Punjabwith 23.36 percent, and Sindh at 16.73 percent. The data extrapolation leads to an alarmingly highnumber of unregistered households in the country – around 5.3 million, basing on the nationalfigure of a total of 19,849,770 households given by the ECP.2. More Women than Men were UnregisteredThe number of women not registered on the draft electoral rolls was much higher than the numberof unregistered men throughout the country. However, there remained a high number of peoplewho have not been registered on the electoral rolls, irrespective of their sex. The highest number ofunregistered women was found in NWFP, at almost 50%. This percentage was followed by Sindh,Punjab, and Islamabad. These women might not have been registered due to social obstacles towomen’s political participation and the fact that many women lack CNICs.3. Registered Households had Unregistered MembersUnregistered people, both males and females, were scattered all over the country and were part ofhouseholds that had some members registered on the electoral roll. The finding was establishedby both List-to-People and People-to-List audits. Out of a total of 7,094 households checked duringthe List-to-People audit, only 3,875 (54.62 percent) of households were found to have the exactnumber of males as were on the list, while 2,847 (40.13 percent) of households had the exactnumber of females as were on the list.4. The 2007 Electoral Roll was Largely Free of Entry-Level ErrorsThe two audits took into account the issue of the accuracy of the 2007 draft electoral roll with regardto the entries of names, addresses, and CNIC numbers of voters. The audit established that thisPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 9

Introductionnew roll was largely free of the entry-level errors. More than 97 percent of respondents whosedetails were cross-checked were found to be accurate. The List-to-People and the People-to-Listaudit generated similar data regarding the accuracy of the electoral roll.PART II: PRE-ELECTION OBSERVATIONA. MethodologyFAFEN designed a long-term pre-election observation strategy involving one Observer DistrictCoordinator (ODC) in each district, complemented by additional Constituency Coordinators (CCs)in districts with more than one National Assembly constituency. In total, FAFEN member CSOshired 264 ODCs and CCs, covering all but eight constituencies in eight FATA Agencies. EachFAFEN ODC functioned as a CC for the National Assembly (NA) constituency in their district andhad overall management responsibility for their district, including supervision of any additional CCsand all Election Day observers.FAFEN provided four rounds of training for ODCs and CCs. Training sessions took place in ninelocations across Pakistan. Observer District Coordinators were trained in September 2007 (in fiveclusters), November 2007 (in 11 clusters), in December 2007 (in 13 clusters) and in January 2008(in 12 clusters), for a total of 41 training sessions in nine cities.ODCs and CCs submitted comprehensive, standardized checklists each week to the FAFENSecretariat/Data Center covering a wide range of election preparation and campaign issues.FAFEN’s aim was to design these checklists so that they would capture quantifiable information– rather than only anecdotes – that could be tabulated weekly. Approximately 120 ODCs and 140additional CCs sent weekly reports to FAFEN during a 15-week period to the FAFEN Secretariatbased in Islamabad, which used this information to raise pertinent issues with various stakeholderswith a view to improving the quality of electoral processes.In early November, FAFEN began publishing 19 “FAFEN Election Updates” based on the reportsby ODCs and CCs around the country. In addition to these data-driven Updates, FAFEN published“Missing and Duplicate Voters on Final Electoral Roll (FER),” February 13, 2008, providingconclusions of a FAFEN follow-up audit of the combined 2007 FER and the 2002 SupplementalElectoral Roll. This secondary audit was based on data from FAFEN’s 2007 statistical “people-tolist”and “list-to-people” field audit of the Draft Electoral Roll as well as subsequent analysis forsubmission of an amicus brief to the Supreme Court on the same topic and continuous monitoringand advocacy about the development of the 2008 Final Electoral Roll.B. Key FindingsFAFEN reached the following key conclusions based on its long-term observation of the electoralprocess from October 2007 to February 2008:1. Election Administration1.1 Copies of the Final Electoral Rolls (FER) and polling station lists (“polling schemes”) werenot consistently distributed to district and constituency election officials and were not madeavailable to election stakeholders until very late in the election calendar.1.2 Many Assistant Election Commissioners (AECs), District Returning Officers (DROs), and ROsrepeatedly received unclear instructions from the ECP. They also received training from the ECPvery late in the election process. Some of these officials were unwilling to meet with or respondto election observers and other stakeholders. Many DROs, in particular, were not aware of orwere resistant to their election-related responsibilities, such as accrediting election observers.1.3 ECP officials at the district and constituency levels were not consistently aware of electioncomplaint procedures or mechanisms for tracking and enforcement of the Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates or election spending limits for candidates. Theseofficials often took no action to enforce the Code of Conduct.10 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

1.4 AECs, DROs, and ROs were transferred and replaced after the announcement of the electionschedule in number of constituencies.2. Role of Local Government Officials2.1 Despite the provisions of the Local Government Ordinance 2000 as well as the spirit of the ECPCode of Conduct for Political Parties and Contesting Candidates for General Elections 2008(Article 1(17)) and Section 83 of the Representation of the People Act 1976), Nazims at all threetiers supported candidates or parties in many constituencies in advance of the elections.Introduction2.2 Nazims and other district and local government officials supported parties and candidatesby urging voters to vote for them, attending their rallies, and allowing use of official resourcessuch as use of official cars and premises. FAFEN observers reported that political partycandidates mobilized support through Union Nazims in more than 30% of the constituencieswhere candidate strategies were observed, except for PML-Q candidates, who did so in 72%of constituencies where their candidates were observed.2.3 Police in many constituencies acted in favor of candidates affiliated to the former ruling party byproviding protocol and extra-ordinary security to candidates and by attending rallies or puttingup campaign materials of some candidates.3. Political Parties and Candidates3.1 Despite the ban on announcing new development schemes after the announcement ofthe election schedule, in more than 50% of constituencies, candidates were committing toundertake specific projects if they won the seat, and local government officials were speedingthe completion of development projects or initiating new projects. Some political parties andindependent candidates were inducing voters through payments or promises of payments orother reward.3.2 Other violations of the Code of Conduct included advertising on public and private buildings,intimidating local printing presses, using abusive language against rivals, inciting sectarian (orcultural/regional) sentiments, destruction of property, discouraging women from voting, andviolating size limits for billboards and other signs and materials.Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 11

Introduction3.3 All major political parties’ candidates were found to be mobilizing voters through the influence ofbiradari leaders or through appeals to biradari affiliations in more than 68% of the constituencieswhere campaign strategies were observed. Some parties were mobilizing voters throughappeals to ethnic affiliations or religious themes and affiliations.3.4 The political parties that boycotted the polls were actively campaigning for the boycott andsome were intimidating voters into boycotting. The boycotting parties also interfered in votereducation programs.4. Intimidation and Violence4.1 Candidates were observed in many constituencies intimidating voters – primarily voters whoare dependent for their livelihoods on landowners, employers, or others – in order to gainsupport.4.2 Police were observed harassing candidates and/or workers of certain political parties bythreatening to register cases against them. Police also asked supporters and candidates ofcertain political parties to stop campaigning. District police often refused to authorize ralliesand public meetings of candidates of some parties on one pretext or another.4.3 During the first ten days of February, FAFEN’s media monitoring project noted 46 separateincidents involving either violence or accusations about violence and fraud. The most deadlyincidents reported in the media from February 1-10 occurred in Punjab, where 32 people werekilled in election-related violence, followed by NWFP with 25 deaths.PART III: ELECTION DAY OBSERVATIONA. MethodologyFAFEN observed the February 18, 2008 Pakistan General Elections in a total of 258 (out of272) National Assembly constituencies and conducted a Parallel Vote Tabulation (PVT) in 256constituencies. A total of 18,829 FAFEN Polling Station Observers (PSOs) and Mobile Observers(MOs) nationwide monitored the elections throughout Election Day. Pairs of PSOs observed eventsall day in approximately 7,100 polling stations. MOs made shorter visits to as many as 14,500 pollingstations across the country. FAFEN’s coverage represents a statistically-valid random selection ofabout 12% of polling stations in each constituency and nationwide.12 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

IntroductionPSO and MO recruitment began in November 2007, and training by FAFEN District and ConstituencyCoordinators was scheduled for the week before Election Day. Handbooks for PSOs and MOsincluded all information needed to accomplish their duties on Election Day, such as timetables fortelephone reporting and instructions for coordinating with MOs for delivery of observation forms onelection night. A special manual was produced with information and instructions for observation ofwomen’s polling booths. All observers were also provided with either a FAFEN chador or cap.PSOs, MOs and CCs collected detailed data and qualitative information about adherence toprocedures by polling station officials and other issues at the sampled polling stations using a setof four (4) color-coded FAFEN election observation forms (checklists):FAFEN Observation Form 1: For use in male polling booths during the voting process. MOsused a separate abbreviated version of FAFEN Form #1 to record observations in each short visitto about 10 polling stations.FAFEN Observation Form 2: For use in female polling booths during the voting process.FAFEN Observation Form 3: for use during closing polling stations and counting ballots.FAFEN Observation Form 4: For copying the “Statement of the Count” with details of the ballotscounted for each candidate in a polling station. This FAFEN Form resembled the official form usedby Presiding Officers for the same purpose.FAFEN Observation Form 5: For use at the office of Returning Officer during the consolidationof poling station results.In addition to this traditional election observation methodology, FAFEN undertook the most complexPVT ever attempted. FAFEN received data from nearly 3,000 polling stations on election night —greater than any single national PVT conducted elsewhere in the world, where PVTs have beenused to assess primarily national-level races rather than 256 separate elections. In fact, FAFEN’sPVT was equivalent to conducting a PVT in 256 countries with national races.FAFEN PSOs observed the vote count at their assigned polling stations and recorded and obtaineda copy of each “Statement of the Count.” MOs helped collect and deliver these polling stationresults to FAFEN Constituency Coordinators, who compiled them onto special forms and faxedthem throughout election night and the following day to FAFEN’s headquarters in Islamabad. Asdata reached the FAFEN Secretariat and Data Center, two shifts of 20 Data Center Operatorsentered the vote counts into a national database using a verified double-data entry system.Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 13

IntroductionIn total, FAFEN published the following eight (8) statements and reports during 2008 based on itsElection Day observations and PVT on February 18, 2008:Preliminary Statements1. FAFEN Election Day Observation Update–1: February 18, 2008, 12:00pm., based ondata from more than 5,580 polling stations gathered by FAFEN Secretariat Call Centeroperators from 202 Constituency Coordinators on Election Day morning.2. FAFEN Election Day Observation Update–2: February 18, 2008, 8:00pm., based ondata from more than 7,800 polling stations gathered by Call Center operators at theFAFEN Secretariat.3. Long-Term Electoral System Reform Essential: February 19, 2008, providing the firstpreliminary statement on the elections from any domestic or international observationgroup.Election Results Analysis4. FAFEN Election Results Analysis–I: FAFEN Releases Results for 33 Constituencies,Urges Immediate Public Release of ECP Polling Station Results,” March 8, 2008.5. FAFEN Election Results Analysis–II: Time is Ripe for Reform in Electoral Administrationand Law,” April 9, 2008, summarizing analysis of data from 174 constituencies.6. FAFEN Election Results Analysis–III: FAFEN Documents Irregularities in KarachiDespite Threats Against Election Observers, May 7, 2008, providing additional analysis ofthe 20 constituencies in Karachi, Sindh Province.7. FAFEN Election Analysis–IV: Polling Station Data Shows How Elections Are ‘Captured’and ‘Rigged’ in Pakistan,” August 8, 2008, along with a press release titled “ElectionCommission: End Election Rigging in Pakistan by Releasing Polling Station Results.”Electoral Reform Recommendations8. Election Observation Summary & Recommendations for Electoral Reform: Submittedto the Electoral Reforms Committee, June 21, 2008.”B. Key FindingsFAFEN’s Election Day key findings, published in several public reports during the first half of 2008,include the following:1. Difference in Election Results – PVT Estimate vs. ECP Result14 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

In 191 out of 246 National Assembly constituencies, the PVT estimate and ECP result are statisticallyequivalent. In 45 constituencies there is a statistically significant difference in the PVT estimate andECP result for the margin of victory of the winner or for the runner-up, but with the same winningcandidate. In ten (10) constituencies there is both a statistically significant difference betweenthe PVT estimate and the ECP result and a difference in the outcome (i.e., a different winningcandidate). The statistical differences in these constituencies do not indicate with certainty that adifferent candidate won the election. However, the differences are significant enough to be outsidethe PVT’s margin of error.2. Close Contests with Significant Problems at Polling StationsIntroductionIn at least 426 polling stations spread out in 162 constituencies out of 246 (65.9%), FAFEN’selection observation qualitative information and PVT data indicate that the contest was close andthat polling station problems were widespread and/or serious enough that they could have hadPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 15

Introductionan effect on the outcome of the election. These problems included polling officials, polling agents,or others stamping ballot papers; voters being openly pressured inside polling stations to choosea particular party or candidate; polling stations ‘captured’ by armed men, polling agents, or others;physical violence against voters, polling officials, polling agents, or election observers; showingand use of firearms inside polling stations; and closure of women’s polling booths.3. Voter Turnout Greater than 100%In 61 of 246 constituencies (24.8%), one or more polling stations in the sample had voter turnoutrates equal to or exceeding 100% of the number of registered voters published by the ECP theweek preceding the election. In other words, more ballots were counted in the ballot boxes in thesepolling stations than the number of voters registered to vote in the stations.4. Low Voter Turnout in Female Polling StationsThe voter turnout in all sampled female polling stations was below average compared to the voterturnout for both male and combined polling stations sampled in the constituencies. Excluding allpolling stations where turnout was 100% or more, the average national turnout was 49.9% in malepolling stations, 49.6% in combined polling stations, and 41.1% in female polling stations. Thesame holds true for provincial figures, with the exception of Balochistan where turnout in Femalepolling stations was unusually high (61.1%) – higher than the averages of both Male and Combinedpolling stations in the province. Turnout in women’s stations was lowest in FATA (10.4%) and NWFP(25.8%).The following additional key findings are offered on the one-year anniversary of the election, basedon the detailed qualitative observations of more than 18,000 FAFEN Election Day observers:5. Voting without Proper IdentificationContrary to the law, voters in more than one in five polling booths were allowed to cast ballotswithout showing required identification. In more than one-fifth of polling booths, Polling Officersdid not call out the name and number of each voter as the voter was confirmed on the electoralroll. In about one in twelve polling booths, Polling Officers did not mark off each voter’s name onthe electoral roll. In about one in every 15 polling booths, polling officials did not check the voters’thumb for indelible ink. The failure to implement these procedures opens the process to duplicateand fraudulent voting.16 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

6. Compromised Voting SecrecyIn more than one-fourth of polling booths, people followed voters behind voting secrecy screens.The election law and policy are clear that there are only two very limited circumstances in whichanyone can go behind a screen with another voter. In about one in every five polling booths, votersneeding extra assistance got help from candidate or party agents, in clear contravention of law,procedure, and best practice for democratic elections. Allowing polling agents to speak to votersfor any reason introduces an atmosphere of inappropriate influence or coercion in the pollingbooth.7. Weakly Implemented Procedures for Challenged and Tendered BallotsIn about one-third and one-fourth of polling booths, respectively, challenged and tendered ballotpapers were not kept separate from the National Assembly ballot box. Failing to follow theseprocedures means that these ballot papers were counted along with other votes. In a constituencywith a significant number of challenged or tendered ballots, this failure of procedures could have animpact on a constituency’s electoral result. The large number of duplicate and unverified entries inthe supplemental Electoral Roll (taken from the 2002 voters’ list) increased the chances of multiplevoting and voter impersonation, and therefore also the chances for challenged ballots.Introduction8. Ballot Box StuffingIn about one-third of all polling stations, ballot papers were illegally stamped by polling officials,polling agents, or others. This serious and pervasive problem was reported almost twice as oftenfrom female polling stations compared to male or combined stations. “Ballot box stuffing” is acommon accusation, leading to a loss of confidence in election results. Among the contributingfactors to an environment open to extra ballots being illegally stamped and “stuffed” in ballot boxesare: (1) unclear procedures for the distribution of ballot books among polling booths; (2) failure orweaknesses in filling out (and double-checking) ballot book accounting forms; and (3) failure tofasten ballot box seals tightly (and poor instructions and photographs in the ECP training manualson how to do so).9. Security Problems and Law Enforcement WeaknessThere were security problems in about one in every 25 polling stations. In about one out of everyten polling booths, according to observers, the polling station was “captured” and a significantnumber of voters were not permitted to vote. The election law does not specify the roles andresponsibilities of police and other security officials during elections. In addition, the election lawand regulations do not sufficiently empower Presiding Officers to implement their responsibilitiesas First Class Magistrates to enforce law and order in polling stations.10. Unauthorized Individuals in Polling StationsThere were unauthorized individuals in about one in every seven polling stations. This seriousbreach of polling station security and integrity can lead to disruption of the polling process,intimidation and/or influence of voters and/or polling officials, ballot tampering, and other electoralmalfeasance.11. Weaknesses in Ballot Counting ProceduresIn about one in every six polling stations Presiding Officers permitted non-ECP polling personnel,including candidates and polling agents, to handle ballot papers during the ballot countingprocess. In about one out of every 40 polling stations, the Presiding Officer did not put ballots foreach candidate in a separate pile, as required. In about one out of every 20 polling stations, thePresiding Officer did not count the ballots for each candidate twice, as required.Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 17

Introduction12. Inconsistent Implementation of Invalid Ballot RulesIn more than one out of every six polling stations, the Presiding Officer did not reject invalid ballotsaccording to the rules defined in the election law. Polling agents in almost half of polling stationsargued that some ballots rejected as invalid should be accepted as valid. It is positive that pollingagents participated actively in the ballot counting process. However, the election law and procedureare silent on whether this participation is permitted and how Presiding Officers should handle it.13. No Statement of the Count to ObserversIn about one out of every five polling stations, the Presiding Officer did not provide accreditedelection observers with a copy of the Statement of the Count. Giving neutral observers a copy ofthe polling station “result” is not required by law or mentioned in ECP procedural handbooks, butdoing so would significantly add to the transparency of the electoral process and particularly theconsolidation of electoral results.14. Failure to Post Statement of the CountIn more than one out of every six polling stations, the Statement of the Count was not posted outsidethe polling station for public information. The problem was somewhat more common in Balochistan.This fundamental procedure should be standardized everywhere to ensure transparency to thevoting public about the election results.15. Delay in Sending Statement of the Count to Returning OfficerIn almost one out of every ten polling stations, the Presiding Officer did not send a copy of theStatement of the Count immediately to the Returning Officer, as required by law. Failure to implementthis procedure delays the vote consolidation and the announcement of the election result. Thesedelays lead to a common suspicion that election results are altered during the ballot counting and/or consolidation processes, undermining public confidence in the electoral system and electionresults.16. Inconsistent Methods of Delivering Statements of the CountThe ECP has not specified any mechanism for transporting polling station results from the PresidingOfficers to the Returning Officers for consolidation of election results. Therefore, it is not clear whois permitted to transport election results. Statements of the Count are sensitive election materialsthat should be handled with care. The ECP should know who is responsible for these polling stationresults at all times.17. Poorly Implemented Result Consolidation ProceduresIn about one-third of constituencies for which data is available, Returning Officers did not followthe basic procedure of issuing a written notice to all candidates about the consolidation of electionresults. In the same percentage of constituencies, Returning Officers did not permit accreditedelection observers to witness the result consolidation process, and candidates or their agents didnot witness the consolidation. In more than one in seven constituencies, candidates or their agentsraised objections to the postal ballot counting process. In about one in nine constituencies, thepostal ballot count changed the election result.18 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

Parallel Vote TabulationA Note on MethodologyA. BackgroundA Parallel Vote Tabulation (PVT) compares the observed vote count in a sample of polling stationswith the compiled election result for that constituency in order to provide evidence that confirmsor disputes the official election result. PVT methodology was developed over twenty years agoand has been applied in many countries around the world by international and domestic electionmonitoring organizations as a proven analytical method for verifying the accuracy of governmentvote counts. The PVT is based on direct observation of vote counting in a scientifically-verifiable,robust sample of the polling stations in each constituency.Experience with past PVTs has shown that drawing a sample of 25-30 polling stations providessufficient data, within a relatively small margin of sampling error, to assess the reasonableness ofofficial election results. Adding additional polling stations to the sample, even when the number oftotal polling stations is large, does not improve the margins of sampling error dramatically.The reason for this statistical principle is that a PVT works with “cluster samples” – each pollingstation “cluster” averages 1,000 registered voters, and 25 polling stations in a constituencyproduces a sample of 25,000 voters (25 polling stations x 1,000 voters each) which is much morethan statistically sufficient to permit comparisons with official results.Although the PVT cannot measure other election-related problems like vote buying, voterintimidation, ballot box stuffing, or the use of ghost polling stations, PVTs are designed to identifypotential inaccuracies in the official count by comparing it with actual observed and verified votecounts at sampled polling stations. The PVT can help detect centralized changes in vote counts ifthe percentage vote in official count differs in a statistically significant way from the percentagescalculated from the PVT sample. In cases in which election commissions release polling-stationlevel election results, PVT counts for sampled polling stations and ECP polling station data can becompared directly.PVT MethodologyB. The FAFEN PVT SampleAs part of the world’s largest PVT, almost 16,000 Polling Station Observers (PSOs) from the Freeand Fair Election Network (FAFEN) witnessed and recorded the actual vote count in a statisticallyvalidsample of 7,778 randomly- selected polling stations during the 2008 Pakistan National andProvincial Assembly Elections. The national sample of 7,778 polling stations represented almosteight million registered voters.FAFEN’s sample represented an average of 12% of polling stations in each constituency andthroughout the country. Twenty years of global experience with PVTs demonstrates that this samplesize is statistically sufficient to draw conclusions about a constituency on the basis of the sample.In addition to the vote count data for each polling station, the FAFEN observers also collecteddetailed information about the conduct of elections from the opening of the polls through thecounting of ballots.FAFEN observed the 2008 Pakistan General Elections in a total of 258 National Assemblyconstituencies and conducted a PVT in 256 constituencies. Three constituencies in Balochistanwere omitted at the last minute due to accreditation problems; in two constituencies the electionhas been delayed because of the death of a candidate; and a PVT was not conducted in 11other constituencies because of security concerns (including 8 in FATA, 2 in Swat NWFP, and 1 inBalochistan).Because the list of polling stations for 2008 was not released by the ECP until two weeks before theelection, FAFEN had to devise a more complex strategy for selecting a representative samplePakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 19

PVT Methodologyof the more than 64,000 polling stations nationwide. To select the unprecedented large number ofpolling stations needed to conduct the PVT, FAFEN used the most recent national census (1998,Population Census Organization) to draw a Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) sample of censuslocations based on population density, a reasonable geographic analog for the concentration ofpolling station locations. Based on 1998 statistics, FAFEN estimated that there would be a minimumof about 237,000 people per constituency and designed a sample to identify about thirty pollingstations, representing 10-12% of the population, within each constituency.FAFEN Constituency Coordinators identified the polling station(s) contained in each of thesampled circles or wards selected from the census-based sampling frame. They then recruitedand trained two observers (one man and one women, wherever possible) from each area where asampled polling station was located. Coordinators also made communication and transportationarrangements weeks or months in advance to stay in touch with PSOs during Election Day and toensure that as many polling station results as possible could be collected immediately after thevote counting process.C. Challenges in PVT ImplementationThe tasks of recruiting and training more than 18,000 election observers and executing a rapidand accurate data collection system from such a large nationally distributed sample was daunting.Despite the problems encountered, FAFEN received data from nearly 3,000 polling stations onelection night — greater than any single national PVT conducted elsewhere in the world, wherePVTs have been used to assess primarily national-level races rather than 256 separate elections.In fact, FAFEN’s PVT undertaking in Pakistan is equivalent to the work of conducting a PVT in 256countries with national races.FAFEN’s 16,000 Polling Station Observers (PSOs) observed the vote count at their assignedpolling stations and recorded and obtained a copy of each “Statement of the Count.” Almost3,000 additional Mobile Observers (MOs) helped collect and deliver these polling station resultsto FAFEN Constituency Coordinators, who compiled them onto special forms and faxed themthroughout election night and the following day to FAFEN’s headquarters in Islamabad. As datareached the FAFEN Secretariat and Data Center, two shifts of 20 Data Center Operators enteredthe vote counts into a national database using a verified double-data entry system.For any given constituency, the data must be near-perfect, which necessitates collecting a very highpercentage of the sample and checking the numbers sent on election night against the long formsfilled out by the PSOs at each polling station. In addition to collecting the quantitative count data,PSOs collected detailed data and qualitative narratives about problems at the sampled pollingstations, the numbers of male and female voters, and adherence to procedures by polling stationofficials. Four color-coded forms for each polling station containing these detailed reports arrivedby courier in the first few days following the election and continue to be compiled to supplementthe quantitative vote count and turnout data.Communications and transportation obstacles prevented many of the polling station countsfrom reaching the Islamabad Data Center in as timely a manner as was planned. Data collectionwas further complicated by unannounced changes in the number of polling stations and theirlocations. Last minute changes of candidates from independent to party status required databaseprogramming changes. Failures of some fax transmissions and intermittent trunk (landline)telephone line blockages added time to the data collection process.In addition, unusually high turnout and almost 100% of votes going to one candidate in some pollingstations mean that there is dramatic deviation in many sampled polling stations from the averageturnout and/or vote percentage for the constituency as a whole, patterns that may reflect highlylocalizedbloc-voting or, perhaps, “captured” polling stations. Such patterns can compromise thestatistical power of the PVT sample, but are nevertheless important evidence of voting patterns thatdeviate from “normal” election results.20 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

D. How to Read PVT DataThe following information will help understand the constituency-wise result analysisbased on PVT data. Each constituency page includes information about the pre-electionprocess, a comparison of PVT estimate and the ECP result, and turnout and candidatewisebreakup of polled votes in the sampled polling stations.Abbreviations & Definitions• PSO: FAFEN Polling Station Observer• ECP: Election Commission of Pakistan• ME: Margin of Sampling Error• SE: Standard Error• PVT: Parallel Vote Tabulation• PVT Estimate: Calculation of ratio of votes for Party A out of total valid votes polled for aconstituency (based on sample size and variance across polling stations)• “Sample: X of Y Polling Stations”: The PVT process selected a sample of X polling stations outof a total of Y polling stations in the entire constituency• Rejected Ballot: Term used by ECP to denote spoiled ballots – those marked twice, left blank,or otherwise making determination of voters’ vote choice impossible. High numbers cansometimes indicate fraud.• Polling Station Number: This number is generally the official ECP polling station number.However, in some cases the polling station numbers were different on the day of the electionthan they were when the PSO initially found the polling station. It is possible that in some cases,the ECP number and FAFEN PSO numbers do not match.PVT MethodologyInterpretation of the PVT Results•The cover page for each constituency indicates whether the PVT estimateFOR EACH PARTY, based on a representative sample of all polling stations, isstatistically equivalent to the UNOFFICIAL ECP result FOR THAT PARTY (stillavailable online on the ECP website as of March 2, 2008).•The second bullet point on the cover page gives the size of the final numberof polling stations observed in the constituency. This number may be somewhatsmaller than the planned sample size due to problems with accreditation,security, and/or inclement weather. Loss of one to two polling stations fromthe original random sample in each constituency is not noted unless (a) loss ofsample points reduced the sample below 25 polling stations, and/or (b) loss ofsample points was non-random (e.g., occurred in a particular region/area).•The third bullet point indicates whether there are anomalies in the pollingstationlevel data for the constituency, whether or not the PVT and ECP resultsare equivalent.•Additional points include information on qualitative findings from PSOs, whichare discussed in fuller detail.Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 21

PVT Methodology22 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

PVT MethodologyPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 23

Section INWFPNA-1 to NA-35FATANA-36 to NA-47

99 41 4NWFPNA-1Peshawar-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent . 41 polling stations (PS) in PVTsample out of a total of 223 total polling stationsin constituency.• One or more polling booths were “captured” inPS 47, 103, 105, and 149. In PS 105 and PS 103,women were also barred from voting.• In 10 polling stations (27, 30, 45, 57, 92, 103, 105,149, 200, and 230) polling station staff influencedvoters to vote for a particular candidate.• In five polling stations (30, 57, 103, 105, and 216)voters were also pressured to choose a particularcandidate or party symbol by local influentialpersons.• Party polling agents were stamping ballots in PS30 and PS 216, while polling station staff werestamping ballots in PS 27, 47, 103, 149, and157. In PS 105 and PS 216, the number of votescounted exceeded the number of votes cast.• Unauthorized armed persons were present inside16 polling stations (17, 20, 25, 45, 47, 54, 78, 86,99, 103, 107, 109, 210, 137, 157,and 200).Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate394NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's PartyPercentage0 10 20 30 40Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 983PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-1Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.795.124.616.460 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate35.35FAFEN observed 41 out of 223 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 13 candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)36 343330 3028 28 28 27 2725 2423 2216Male26 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis121.93339.9942.35282725 251944.6347.3151.0949.71ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-1Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)21210542168678271647200923010721175768222625203145991015114915711547143551091032013712371911824304 92 476 22353 47 510 25289 48 538 1016421027196 70 495 24104 65 504 23216179 91 320 167867854.88ANPPPPMMA16 1614 13 13 13 1211 108.88.38.1 7.36.66.53.8FemaleGender Mix and Number of Polling StationNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-1200 14 377257 13 292 13PPP CandidateANP Candidate263 47 224 4200166 17 2781792146 1 269 9254 2 103 14145 3 128 110757112 3 65 354682289 27 4MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station519 8 196 70 495 24MMA CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS259910232 5 254 1712 8 16 0 2204 1 98 1 5189 1 65 1161 0 80 0133 3 88 114514911510355139 152 298 1 89 2Female(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)12423137 51371434779 4 59 2372 86 510912332 54118371693715

Candidate's PartyPercentage0 50 100 150 200PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-2Pakistan National Assembly Election 20081.574.881.753.094.444.086.767.768.829.65 12.7613.950 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate28.6432.5131.4836.3740.11ECP ResultFAFEN observed 22 out of 194 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-2601589955 5218217647 4687Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)2340 37 35 347153752716.7426180925912171445.1345.2850.1511 9.5 9 7.9 7.6 7.1PPPANPMMAIND 1PML-NMale Female Mixed212596133Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,06224474 36 540 12125375Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-2PPP Candidate510 129 380 352321572 141 332 21287182310 20 2742213 362499158344 2631223176 7 285 262 78426 92 201 5671158363 47 210 57143627 35199 28 208176201 43 148 9526 161MMA Candidate575 10 4242526735 77 699 456 43 5292253 90 168 1932121304 18 0 6694 4 14 2140 7212571 14 813208813Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)52Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis611164129ANP CandidateIndependent Candidate 1 PML-N Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS550 4 243562 9262 6412913311113 46443352461249651740187401 541072318727NWFPNA-2Peshawar-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP result are statisticallyequivalent.• 22 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 194 polling stations inconstituency.• Turnout was 180% in one polling station(PS 26).• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers in the 7 pollingstations: polling staff in polling stations 64, 99,131, 133, 158 and 186; others in PS 04(f).• In PS 66, PSOs were barred from observing.Women were also banned from voting.• According to PSOs, independent candidateSirajulHaq created trouble at PS 96.• A PPP agent was also seen spreading rumorsabout rigging at the station.• According to PSOs, ANP agents manhandledvoters in PS 129(f) and tried to pressure theminto voting for their candidate.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate162NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-3Peshawar-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent for winner, but differ significantlyfor the ANP candidate. In the sampled pollingstations, the PPP has a larger percentage ofthe vote than it does in the ECP result. TheECP data shows a much closer race betweenPPP and ANP, than does the PVT result.• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 217 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 4, women were unable to vote.• In PS 34, 47, and 207, unauthorized personswere seen stamping ballot papers. In PS 13,57, 69 and 200, polling station staff stampedballots. In PS 213, a party polling agentstamped ballots.• Armed men were present inside 10 pollingstations (13, 52, 93, 120, 135, 171, 184, 192,207, and 213).• In six polling stations (53, 72, 79, 93, 106 and195), rejected ballots were neither registered inthe counter foil or replaced with new ones.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate697YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-3Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Percentage0 20 40 60 80Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 9166.097.149.619.7111.9413.8813.3417.1217.2518.6418.1522.8321.9025.9228.8728.5426.5427.9830.7828 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis35.640 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 27 out of 217 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)817953813465 6457 5752 51 50 494613712069525741392317119447200432113 120 02072131485950 50 48 4743Male Female Mixed4184106Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout721951521059334PPPMMAANPPML-NPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-3Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)5222 350 88 186 239 0Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-339 505 74 92 161 45200 223 0 89 244 2812057PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateMMA Candidate ANP Candidate Number of Rejected Ballots64 268 44 311 76 2044 178 135 283 88 316981473421 142 41 320 122 191 197 16 100 324 1143 225 7 241 94 14170 146 33 29 208 241371715379 181 11 174 122 4289 0 249 29 159 1733 85 116 179 58 7117 89 830 103 1420079194223732 92 2220743178 16 131 13Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station12 78 1642 7139 17 5 28 299 104 22157 277 74 26 94 39211 304 842 59 27213148106184195(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)23 69 101 339 41 62729325 51 129 156 52 3015 143 16 131 7 1814 134 72 4123 569213110515213518 3 576126.513576

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-4Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Percentage0 20 40 60 80Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-4Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)66 66169488.5211.93551807514.3315.9453 52 52 523712820.8120.4725.0123.2620.156322.92501874814428.6728.98471624514133.1264429840381859932Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis29.47 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout37.5638.8137.160 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 19 out of 199 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,254454 259 436 74 31169Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-448418 396 78 221 34ANP Candidate PPP Candidate MMA CandidatePML-Q Candidate247 142 196 265 27376 30 19 401 17292 129 237 169 1412818016275390 137 103 179 2837125 220 99 277 2298160 102 56 351 15118 64 85 321 63187Number of Rejected Ballots63263 129 9 118 11105 93 26 282 20185114 149 133 95 2514422160 75 3 17 9124 4939 213 11196 140 7513 152299 151 4 5912213 167115 5929 234 109450ANPPML-QPPPMMAMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)991416421679429NWFPNA-4Peshawar-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differ in astatistically significant way for the winning(ANP) candidate, but have the same outcome.• 19 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 226 total polling stations in constituency.• One or more polling booths were “taken over”in PS 67.• In PS 67 and 135, all of the parties decided thatfemale polling would not be allowed to takeplace and turned all female voters away.• In PS 43, 55, and 103, the PSOs observedbut said that no votes were cast at the pollingstation for the entire day.• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotpapers in PS 75, 98, 103, 162, and 169. In PS63 and 161, polling station officials tried toinfluence voters to choose a specific party orcandidate symbol.• In PS 94 and 99, polling station officials werestamping ballot papers.• In PS 21, voters were pressured to vote for aspecific party or candidate by people inside thepolling station.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate495YesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-5Nowshera-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but the election results are veryclose.• 34 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 191 polling stations in the constituency• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons were seen stamping ballot in therespective polling stations: Polling Agents inPS 03, PS 42, and PS 159; Presiding officer inPS 130, and other unauthorized persons in PS29 and PS 179.• According to PSOs, unidentified personsunlawfully assisted voters behind votingscreens in 8 polling stations (3, 42, 46, 51, 74,125, 179 and 186).Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-5Pakistan National Assembly Election 20082.745.127.504.357.2410.2813.329.4515.0717.8819.5824.0927.3027.9330.4131.9531.9336.6032.81 35.940 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 34 out of 191 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)ANPPPPPML-QMMAPML-NPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate322NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-5Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)6315953 514946 44 434137 36 3629 28821746114511131104274Male130102103121Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,207158 6 225 452 129 32159379 72 36 245 82 21257 135 99 265 5529122 14 131 156 365 0287 16 249 140 3914247 12 158 235 42 51289 10 112 206 37230 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis1433562 61 60 595451 51 51 5012633125893376810141 4034 34 32 31 31 29 29 29251023MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station250 420 223 38743 38 100 312 3838259 4 64 116 6110178 25 79 157 3619522 304 104 13 5194 11 112 118 116 9285 87 144 576 75 40230 140 51 420 68 17310 1 346 145 73 19172 9 285 86 174 1958 231 6 369 5318257 554 291 69 5313301 0 304 38 10133 5 300 136 74 0232 31 119 104 86 10108 2811195 68 94210 16 82 137 312 3250 1260 150 1210147251710190 156 212187 4 84 39 106 2029186179Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-5174651PPP Candidate PML-N Candidate PML-Q CandidateANP Candidate MMA Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS11011312110342102741301143733MaleMixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station125683186126101(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)892514310179962977 2546 211 6518143 2 76 151 14 1114735172 2742 88 271818216882 132 198 272116819 20 34 80 11772391969172 6 70 86 5011188 10345 2 21182

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-6Pakistan National Assembly Election 200819.2123.7622.9626.2628.300 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate31.53FAFEN observed 28 out of 173 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 3% vote (of 3 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)33.8635.7542.3841.5342.67ECP Result49.01ANPPPP-SPPPNWFPNA-6Nowshera-VIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent.• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 173 polling stations in the constituency.• In PS 108, which had more than 100% turnout,one or more polling booths were “captured”.Polling station staff was seen stamping ballotpapers at the station.• The statement of the count for PS 57 reportsturnout greater than 100%.• Turnout in female polling stations isconsistently lower than in male or combined(mixed) polling stations.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-6Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 50 100 1505712810260108654550 46 44 43 39 37 35221281443812056144031516323 23 205.612933695341 41 39 37 35 34 33 3122Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,86357279 715 824 45245 225 922 87264 396 268 3110814465137 350 328 14373 385 50 2052 537 152 251284515931653115Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station38169 180 200 1381 167 262 5766 228 193 01205699 287 8522144097 83 97 556 23 6 5712516380 156 888184 12117583 67 7971293312 21 15 7156 733 139 36179 229 415 40128 443 195 055 122 386 26141154156Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-6PPP CandidatePPP-Sherpao CandidateMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station15ANP Candidate16711516593Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis335 192 2 0893 288 166 10141156(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)87168 131 240 2587Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS127 205 154 01547136 177 163 147151 254 59 203167.416716124142895 9139 8 5 012431Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate381NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo

NWFPNA-7Charsadda-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 225 polling stations in the constituency• Very low turnout reported for all female pollingstations in sample.Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-7Pakistan National Assembly Election 20082.455.228.004.0515.5618.9622.3620.039.4513.7318.0110.0956.2362.0967.9564.36ANPPPPPPP-SPML-N0 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 27 out of 225 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-7Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)65Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate350NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 6057 57 5620421022213720019053 53 52 52 51 504732 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis31441832157843102Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,163204 66 841 322031200233 8 397 193 8188 55 441 142 10195 16 325 206 13222011910111213 12 12 12 12 114171385997Male Female Mixed152 13 436 129 14Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-75016 463 198 13183190215204144 29 483 5514120 174 290 86 201022224378 18 551 2020110 16 450 40217813779 3 474 92 535 82 297 146 33210144 2 33 11131193843 27 77 0 142141004407106263 670 130 17 030 2 83 0334915 76 4 30.64416 28 0 8 5523727173171176PPP Candidate PML-N Candidate ANP CandidatePPP-Sherpao CandidateNumber of Rejected BallotsMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station711011311297(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)28 13 217 64 19504 151 5311171176

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-8Pakistan National Assembly Election 20085.127.159.175.1813.9715.3017.8221.6629.4533.9034.2436.6838.2639.0338.320 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 30 out of 226 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100881009390 901651722826560 591741701621845042.62ECP Result53 51 50 48 48 48 47 47 47 464340 39 383513512763644Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,7631672182251582101961119720616ANPPPP-SMMAPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-8Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)78 575 831 279 0210Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis160423813914313031 30Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-850PML-N Candidate ANP Candidate PPP-Sherpao CandidateMMA Candidate57 471 353 232 4584 521 240 244 32188 484 342 3378 613 241 642016522174170 263 365 118 3117368812 337 259 188 2422 228 263 1054060 283 198 201 391844425 204 351 159 846 228 90 343 29Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS57 364 165 99 2515816729 382 149 121290 80 374 90017022524 169 146 186 1719633 151 105 258 1413 258 201 75157616211976 211 91 106 2512 108 289 591966 113 143 1160135218Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station7 209 122 6495 235 11515 10129 4027126 2 166911(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)1127206160 0 0 0 08 182 298 7 318 131 254 5113914358 67 105 751468306830071 856 40 160 02113033NWFPNA-8Charsadda-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but the election outcome is veryclose.• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 226 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS (19, 50, 76, 119, 135, 143, 158, 165,174,184, 210, and 218) the staff were notimpartial in carrying out their, resulting in manyvoters leaving.• PSOs witnessed polling station staff stampingballots in PS (7, 36, 50, 158, 162, and 170).• In PS 68 and 143, political parties andcandidates agreed to close down the femalepolling booths and bar women from voting bydisrupting the women’s queues. Unauthorizedarmed persons were present.• In PS 44 and 143, a large number of voterswere unable to vote because of violent clashesthat erupted between agents of differentparties, who also pressured the voters to favorcertain candidates.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate321NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo

NWFPNA-9Mardan-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 33 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 214 polling stations in the constituencyCandidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-9Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.584.573.13 5.577.368.6610.2811.9011.039.9412.5112.7527.4629.6231.0234.5837.4838.1641.5245.56ANPPPPPML-QMMAPML-N0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 33 out of 214 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate802NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-9Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)7044 43 42 4238 37 36 35942551856515976434 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis2810112 127.8813088682452356424031 30131278258527821610172420 20 2017 1511504236 343027Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 757324 32 224 28 48 81842349 13 109 26 68 11194 31 222 58 119155 87 223 15 32 15299 24 96 10 58 18162 53 172 38 42 9Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-99ANP Candidate PML-Q Candidate PPP Candidate5649751112 136 168 5 50 2235 90 214 55 48 22262 18 8 1 728 61015530302 8 6 4 18 223 1313 18 89818811 4422241194 57 184 13 18 82382112 39 141 9241664 93 113 1 33 1213184 24 128 614 1898 15 114 3 11621175282 10 113 4 2 873 8 69 42013293 1275 1212105878Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station110 13 48 1 0 576 29 421 131391 69 189 28 48 32378 8 4 51 5 119 38191 58 131 43 192418124208150128202185156PML-N Candidate MMA Candidate Number of Rejected Ballots(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)251 18 78 18 69 11167 65 86 9 76 26124208202185150155 84 5 69 6156

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-10Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party5.087.106.22 9.114.386.387.01 8.383.325.637.953.9116.1322.2823.8819.5823.0321.8225.4326.7728.5730.8130.1834.85MMAPPPANPPPP-SPML-QPML-NNWFPNA-10Mardan-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 223 polling stations in the constituency.0 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 26 out of 223 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-10Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)88Percentage0 20 40 60 80112151 49263231544 4257547 47 46 46 44 42 42 4138 38 37 37 3635 3432 312511712594Male Female Mixed1412957Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,06911271 216 69 52 85 351 2595 256 238 64 198 341837 14 41 82 68 62 104 40 15 81672 156 158 23 76 215213119034411074779Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station54 112 59 3528 471020 210 2 75 106 339 2913 118 4 14 37 471 1513 133 3029 258 172 131045 7 215 200 108 89 97 72 13 86 245 2622 232 5015 85 90 197 159 462646 144 2625 225 6 17 52 161 2932 201 3334 73 102 184 76 30 92 134 140 172 149 343 104 123 72 99 145 656 73 13158166174Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-10PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PPP-Sherpao Candidate PML-Q CandidateANP Candidate MMA Candidate Number of Rejected Ballots32123515141125131152Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station1072941945715819047Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis114125 29 133 143 1211728 1 69 93 3732 1398779(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)162 422032 72 14114 130 83045 105 9166345 23 42 27 109 108 12873 74 17 1 1 45 64 82121016123 17 18 215 3621016117435Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate740NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-11Mardan-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differ slightly,but final sample size is very small, andoutcome is the same• 16 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 214 polling stations in the constituency.• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers on behalf ofsome voters in the following polling stations:• Party polling agents in PS 2 and PS 141;• Other unauthorized persons in PS 1, 81,110, and 118.• According to PSOs, unidentified personsunlawfully assisted voters behind votingscreens in 6 polling stations (02, 81, 118, 141,148 and 187).Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-11Pakistan National Assembly Election 200824.5828.3032.0231.780 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 16 out of 214 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)59.0863.7367.20ECP Result70.66PPPANPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-11Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate1029NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoPercentage0 20 40 60Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 514542421964014137 36 3614731 31 30Mixed36 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis126414110802829 29Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-11380 115 19196346 130 18209285 173 302377 61 33147PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots291 149 12110328 90 1416412277 139 2580MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)156 242 11339 32 314128229 131 1020939287 71 528164238 92 15187396427ANP Candidate232 103 112418714250 68 748481887 107 51714867 64 14148

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-12Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.314.886.466.190 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate36.93FAFEN observed 25 out of 248 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 50 100 1501501068564 63 6155 54 54 52 48 48 46 4436239901663017420601332242087814242.568845.4744.6544.5748.1950.99ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-12Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,0058056.5271 6734 31 26 23 2167203121201185236833112912313IND 1ANPPPPMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout884 60 1061 0Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-12508 8 441 25266 44 471 0220 49 461 19382 60 192 35188 23 417 0200 123 293 2010690851662017430ANP CandidateIndependent Candidate 1220 24 369 0238 41 277 0242 37 259 0275 49 167 23162 19 309 013320822460239781325 64 12465 8 523 06520 831 0PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots465 8 323 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station284 14 226 15219 59 218 20Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis192 37 215 1203185201236311211055 189 08313(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)232615 185573116178 112312910014618 176 13100525254250 286 9 1337NWFPNA-12Swabi-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 248 polling stations in the constituency• PS 142 and PS 150 have over 140% turnout.• Unauthorized persons were stampingballots in the following polling stations: PS 3(unidentified persons), 78, 85, 121, 166, 224(polling station staff and their relatives).• Unauthorized persons tried to pressure votersto choose a particular candidate or partysymbol inside the following polling stations:PS 1 (polling station staff), 121 (party pollingagent), 102, 166, 281 (Government officials).• FAFEN PSOs noted that polling staff were notcarrying out their duties in an impartial mannerin PS 30 and PS 90.• Polling station staff and other unauthorizedpersons went behind the privacy screens tohelp voters in Polling stations (3, 20, 78, 100,102, 121, 203, 208, 224, and 239).Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate342NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-13Swabi-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent except for PVT’s sixth placecandidate, who was third place in ECP result• 23 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 251 polling stations in the constituency• Polling station officials stamped ballots in PS(29, 84, 145, 181, and 224).• Unauthorized persons were going behind theprivacy screens to help voters in PS (8, 89,139, 145, 145, 153, 161, 173, and 181).• Polling station staff tried to influence voters tochoose a specific party symbol or candidate inPS (145, 173, 181, and 224).• In PS 20, 24, 74, 173 and 224, violent incidentsinvolving party agents and candidatesdisrupted voting temporarily.Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-13Pakistan National Assembly Election 20080.1815.4921.6518.437.7713.3211.7318.876.6911.809.2516.905.389.7810.1514.183.446.9110.3813.894.817.43 9.4323.4825.2427.8130.2637.040 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 23 out of 251 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)ANPPPPMMAIND 1PPP-SPML-NIND 2Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate394NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-13Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80682164164542515352 521398751 50 5046 4538 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis74810841192176Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,081125 231 393 10 238 5113 2032 104 385 81 95 186 19 2314 0 235 234 8 147 2745300 228 215 558 153 1390 301 134 23 65 116 23333 32258918362694737 35262011122418114516117320202141126Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-13PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate ANP Candidate PPP-Sherpao CandidateMMA Candidate Independent 1 Independent 2 Number of Rejected Ballots13915341192176113 63 132 133 85 15 87 2288763 355 3215 57 93 1 62529 65 74 59 56 7 291 13038 322 2 104 66 766 69 268 80 24 3 4 150 111 62 46 19 227 0 1810821618374167 84 121 19405 18 6890 92 204 1143 12 2 266219 111 26 111 70 5 11 9151042 38 259 183 9Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station728345123352241110 115 96 99 626 18174 45 11 27 76 2 17173181(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)813 229 3 40 176037145 21 3215119 105 18 3 3 81451612022 27206580126312303 6411 037 190 0123

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-14Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.662.906.876.676.347.9810.7510.378.29 9.7711.6512.3015.3417.2016.4317.7521.4022.7024.7526.4827.4630.1233.3540.22ANPIND 2IND 1MMAIND 3PPPNWFPNA-14KohatObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 29 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 318 polling stations in the constituency• Turnout in female polling stations wasextremely low.0 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 29 out of 318 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-14Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 8083 822389718760 5946 4631901542 41 39 383532 3111923556289275MaleNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 64431 328 62 98 90 201523713 126 7 341 79 7121061 101 39 19 304 108 54 16 193 135 135 271388912 237 80 96 99 61436 234 73 29 52 53 1424 23 23 22 21 21 21 21 20 19 18138131277198316229218148204313221Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station11153 208 7 10611915190561 41 195 50 35 69 130 68 6 59 242 0 123 111 5 108 83 32 7289198872 53 57 18 34 165 331 177 10 38 72 1021 180 29931 4 11 127 14 49 75 2 3MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station55 76 8 54 26 48 1533 42 96 27 52 1151 127 89 52513 122 110 194 42 47 713 180 11 39 43 96 15 80 74 13291 8Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis11 59 26 36 24 33 1022913131631482352772043132212750 61 4 86 27 228104 5 104 1822613 12 9.7 8.8106157Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-1461 55 65 6FemalePPP Candidate ANP Candidate PPP-Sherpao Candidate MMA Candidate102181067 31 39 22 43 28017 12 309 36 54157114155114108Independent Candidate 1 Independent Candidate 2 Independent Candidate 3 Number of Rejected Ballots(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)5774 586910 7 44216Female7 38 6 7 2 110815539Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate162NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-15KarakObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but ECP result very close to lowerbound of PVT margin of error and result forPVT is different (PML-Q rather than MMA wouldwin)• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 200 polling stations in the constituency• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot papersin PS (17, 41, 74, 95, 157, 179, and 189).• One or more polling booths were “captured” inPS 88, 108, and 129.• Women were not permitted to vote in PS 41and 53.• In PS 2, 121 and 157, polling was temporarilysuspended due to violent incidents.Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-15Pakistan National Assembly Election 20089.0313.6712.5613.0814.8116.5617.2718.7619.0019.4721.2220.7218.56 21.9820.5924.0625.8825.2827.7629.360 10 20 30Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 200 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)PML-QMMAPML-NIND 1ANPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-15Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate338NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,1175147334845 444340129951571740 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis351087426244211312140884130281461 605750 50Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout47295 290 36 201 246 36149 175 34 153 384 1238 199 4 396 206 9117 146 64 144 82 3256 22 159 146 93 21645 113 227 3119143Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station132 40 114 67 411837 44 45 180 70 7125 44 52 378631 1 47 55 4 19102 237 6 55 243 1174 239 0 236 54 8117 143 64 54 5259355 73 21 34 36 2126233 181 441 176 70 16984 430 112 101 245 182316 85 158 182 138 20174 236 194 193 73 2834 78 313 113 95 15363529 28 2798 183 12 176 173 723179180189651401165376Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-15PML-N Candidate PML-Q Candidate ANP CandidateMMA Candidate Independent Candidate 1 Number of Rejected Ballots15712933177410895113881211434193Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station9180179(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)2106 189 145 22 24 1943 101 32 58 130 13189140266525 172 1361 88 12537664 40 53 118 204519 2 17 240116

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-16Pakistan National Assembly Election 200811.2216.2320.3021.2328.0532.7334.9333.3737.9345.160 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 148 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)50.0965.25ECP ResultPercent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)ANPMMAIND 1Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-16NWFPNA-16HanguObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent for winner and runnerup but differsignificantly for the 3rd place independent.• 25 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 148 polling stations inconstituency.• Unauthorized persons were seen stampingballots on behalf of some voters in 5 pollingstations (10, 48, 56, 109 and 139).• Women were not allowed to vote in 6 pollingstations (56, 73, 109, 131, 138 and 139).• In PS14, a clash between agents of anindependent candidate and the MMAoccurred, due to which polling was suspendedfor 1 hour and 10 minutes.• Unidentified persons hurled a bomb insidePS 56, which did not detonate but did causecommotion. SHO Saeed Khan arrived andbrought the situation under control soonafterwards.Percentage0 20 40 60 80333147022196481026591111541 39 3630 28 27 26 25 23 23 22 21 20 19 19 17147.8Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 91749 199 116 6314892 0 2510197 30 84 6218 23 53 581512123Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station553 56 172 0118 393 90 22111593 1812326508 3 4Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station144 253 78 16194 109 64 61381054472 124 126 1738 248 51 7128 112 83 674 190 44 535 187 56 730 194 401137139138131132109564411010543586773112Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-16ANP CandidateIndependent Candidate 1MMA CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS68 164 19 6Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis66 19 147 5131109671321391374337 164 2145812156(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)190 9 18 117 160 251060 104 19411073732 31 51427 19 74 13 23.614211214241Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate387YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-17Abbottabad-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 242 polling stations in the constituency• Voter turnout was greater than 100% in PS106.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-17Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party19.3624.3926.0027.3927.2529.4232.6034.2639.8241.1443.2247.05PML-NIND 1PML-Q0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 25 out of 242 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate140NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-17Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1006472491352Male4110410654Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,047253 138 562 2149721349 369 276 24Male190 94 142 754185 320 524 1861657 159 100 2542 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis5753 52 51 50 50 49 49 4743 43 43 4341 40 403733117155482268616165103189149Mixed1022315924236139Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station263 179 436 35222 133 477 615913965440 204 165 14106350 104 224 10359 218 60 5716186184 178 257 26MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)334 212 72 2622348158 157 291 22281 58 237 1618924189 86 235 25156 300 50 3145 283 82 24203 132 153 0219 71 181 16220 55 144 11325 37 64 1171545Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-17PML-N CandidateIndependent Candidate 1PML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS104 25 214 3130 102 67 72261031551510149117236452522182 38 63 1129174 6 620129

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-18Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.055.698.333.8710.4511.7214.1822.1121.0722.8727.9633.7741.9946.9151.1360.27PML-NIND 1PML-QPPPNWFPNA-18Abbottabad-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 273 polling stations in the constituency0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 28 out of 273 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 13 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-18Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 807555184836048 47 46 46 45 45 44 43 41 39 38 37 37 36 35 33 32 31 30 29 28 28 2718 167.9248811512541111261423710156Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,309358 019 932 0248 27 138 358 35622 7 4454 7184126248502 18 53 142 241267 8 33 343 231Mixed2301572717175Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station225 35 330 60 22392 81 115 52 16281 12 127 193 3111110114215725310 23 182 12 9373 6 5465 2331 58 83 4018475294 2 67 133 10135 33 304 015117183MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station334 39 68 0188 61 152 39 1410353 773269 155 181 1116230197225288 51 48198722532197228188263262Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-18PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1Number of Spoiled Ballots in PSPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis172 8 196 516812286037(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)15314 12 542416258 19 8556320 2 26 15620 227 621416 0 24 109 15135269 3 9152633218827194 4 651614200 7 2042137068 72132621743Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate182NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-19HaripurObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result Statisticallyequivalent• 41 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 397 total polling stations inconstituency• FAFEN Polling Station Observers (PSOs) inPS 63 and PS 280 reported that booths were“captured” and voters were pressured to votefor particular candidates.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-19Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party17.1121.2522.1925.390 10 20 30 40 50Percent Vote28.7631.2035.9735.7042.2643.2442.6448.55PML-NIND 1PML-QPVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 41 out of 397 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate470NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-19Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80786057 57 56 555149 48 47 4746 45 44 447167 66 6462 61 61 6057 5549 48 4744 44 44 43 42 42 403734 33 3127241312754724220319711593171394159178391571033002762280360284265240633691141201115813918721612876164100323312118296336Male44 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results AnalysisMixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,419295 149 963 12Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-19396 149 661 19877 35 97 13298 327 377 35481 82 352 19350 190 181 14380 269 5727438 48 214 6126 180 314 11MalePML-N CandidateIndependent Candidate 1369 49 153 8359 51 156 7252 41 265 8274 105 167 15212 174 120 10206 110 143 11471312753942031971151572421591031711789339636228411426524027280120111187765821616436913929610036012832330031211833696 72 789 12214 206 537 14405 121 393 12391 337 860MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)404 216 158 1197 175 442 23119 138 449 6337 268 80 28476 67 551 3PML-Q CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots155 385 4140194 115 214 24172 232 130 34230 23 280 14246 147 137 13309 60 137 6414 41386122 108 262 12191 129 156 15271 67 122 24224 218 114294 71 60 1463 121 206 12108 44 226 12112 167 760162 57371958 76 99 17

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-20Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.754.996.225.3132.020 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 29 out of 253 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)40.2246.1647.0348.4147.1254.26ECP Result62.35PML-NPML-QPPPNWFPNA-20Mansehra-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent• 29 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 253 polling stations inconstituency.• Unauthorized ballot stamping was observedin 7 polling stations; polling agents wereresponsible in PS 07, 10, 243 and 245, pollingstaff was responsible in PS 72 and 216, whileothers were responsible in PS 85.• Polling staff and others tried to exert influenceor pressure on voters to favor a certain party orcandidate in 2 polling stations (72 and 204).Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-20Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80555350 48 46 44 42 41321832501101662970142144151846752104504644 44 43 43 43Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,201753 427 21567 516 32 22604 336 129 23183250166321 578 63 292970502 155 2 23477 85 5715371 148 69 1767216243725940 40 39 38 3735 34 333227213163223Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station160 352 58 2214214411012015184668 39 61 45548 367 34 5472506732 905 21 21Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station581 305 37 4720 20414 478385 366 54 55253104758 37243753 42 0302 315 3289 290 40 37417 157 71 1723 22Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis101419359 26314 33101 50222359135245216(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)13537Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-20PML-N CandidatePPP Candidate40 253PML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS6 22 298 1537156 439 14 307245285 255 33 3993 479 16 617 28346 1892131012332308 134 21 2425332204123329 106 5234 84 27 1220416345Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate283NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-21Mansehra-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly for the first runner-up but have thesame outcome.• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 289 polling stations in the constituency.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-21Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party12.6512.1715.0315.5820.0619.4021.8723.5426.5628.1626.2826.1531.2133.0538.8835.99PML-NIND 1PML-QPPP0 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 32 out of 289 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate87NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-21Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 6046268753533316027391145595612272046 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis46 4439 37 3533 3331 3028 2726 25 25 24 23 231916 15 13 12 11 10 91733683Male Female Mixed17285209Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 981252 80 96 195 2456 10 78 22 17120 80 110 11 3187 9 22 3835141 533 64 216 27222116653911911818141131108Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station109 93 153 361 2186 148 201 176 8152 144 58 234 16207 92 67 202 11220 90 65 130 2045 35 320 6013271 65 40 70 2180 20 230 109 12256 85 55 19 260 70 65 180 2440 23 190 110 16209 66 81 9 8160 45 30 90 2157 40 136 80 17110 60 100 45 1416 180 65 351957 90 18 130 481 29 12109 4525 80 1140 35 110 70 1667267128262168Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-2126891PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 127314517311622711922217218320Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS181118Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station3620913141826265168108(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)0 32 153962 110 26401114125 25 20 402675975 30 30 61 415673 31 24 4016591561286760 9 75 17 20

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-22Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.603.133.133.132.915.516.288.908.94 12.288.959.4525.3031.3037.3136.500 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 24 out of 120 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)41.1640.25ECP Result47.2353.29PML-QMMAPML-NIND 3IND 2NWFPNA-22ButtagramObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result lies just outsidethe PVT margin of sampling error for thewinner, but the outcome is the same.• 24 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 120 polling stations inconstituency.• According to FAFEN PSOs, women wereunable to cast votes in 7 polling stations (54,55, 76, 95, 101, 102, 113).• Unauthorized persons reportedly stampedballot papers on behalf of voters in 3 pollingstations; a candidate’s relative in PS 28, andothers in PS 21 and 95.• Based on a Jirga decision, polling could nottake place in PS 43.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-22Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 6054102825058471640 408668397638 37742836 35 35 35Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 66228150 350 42 3 117 05 425 147 0612113863 257 294 0 2421114 246 73 8 133 36452 249 238 39 7 139645210121Mixed33 33 324311331 31 31Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station1067411 382 1611888 107 154 9 63 31646 290 111 1 84 34324 166 183 14 55 32 166 257 71011468551 269 10055MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station27 145 203 20161158107 131 39 121 1 134619 121 191 12 45 13390 155 232 4651202 268 99 616 3120102(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)29 28Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-22PML-N Candidate PML-Q Candidate MMA Candidate27 2724 24Independent Candidate 2 Independent Candidate 3 Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS7 13228 207 155 39Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis424240 124 179 123557619 147 166 127418155 300 13 1 116060126 48 74 24 2613015826 158 111 6 10 20955225 218 38 5154675951 119 86947Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate172NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-23KohistanObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 23 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 176 total polling stations inconstituency• In PS 6, 23, 61, 69, 100, 121, 123, 144 and168, armed personnel were present inside thestations.• In PS 106 and 121, clashes erupted betweenvoters and various polling agents. Polling wassuspended for substantial periods in bothpolling stations.• Hardly any women showed up at the women’spolling booths in PS 121, yet their ballotboxes were full. In the same polling station,voters were pressured to vote for a particularcandidate, and appropriate security was notmaintained.• In PS 83 and 121, the stations’ PresidingOfficers stamped ballots.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate30NoYesYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoCandidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-23Pakistan National Assembly Election 20082.835.236.821.633.785.937.019.699.1211.4013.0010.819.5913.5712.9217.0420.5524.9724.0823.7531.4133.1848 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis35.230 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 23 out of 176 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100101176477144332 31 3162717223 228811681815 15Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,250123235183100681061491216912214462Mixed13 13 12 12Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station1052.80IND 1PPPPML-QPML-NMMA8.4 7.9 6.9 6.9 5.53IND 2Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-23Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)82Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-23PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate MMA CandidateIndependent Candidate 1 Independent Candidate 2 Number of Rejected Ballots1207 0231761259 137 571 23 358 1 10147137 530 39 5265 41132 292 331 73311348 236 153 102 3 06168172270 237 131 56 5110779 70 29 149 83 25291 172434 551236 124 135 7 5222848 141 154 52 12226812MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station21 96 4 9 8213107565575610010681297171491 21 210238312112251144(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)2 550 33 474831323465 97 35233740 70 19 341 43440 32 73970 124 11 73 105218514 4 822712329289149019146937 84521262331

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-24Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008NWFPNA-24Candidate's Party24.7632.3233.1739.890 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 21 out of 268 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)55.4260.2863.30ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-24Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)71.17PPPMMADera Ismail Khan-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent• Turnout in PS98 was recorded as 123%• 21 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 268 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations in theoriginal sample) the final sample size isnot sufficiently large for reliable statisticalinference.• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers on behalf ofvoters in 7 polling stations: polling agents inPS 42 (f), 43, 221 and 236; others in PS 37,116, 167 and 221.• Presiding officers reportedly tried to exertinfluence or pressure on voters to favor aparticular party or candidate in 3 pollingstations (112, 127 and 242).Percentage0 50 100 150882517861521271571624724211238 3837304714307326 26421715123Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis575232 32 31Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,002326 664 1225137618 114 33552 174 24337 339 23455 230 11344998116Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station451 204 39392 69 712711224215716230403 225 1673296 66 1214251 78 942140 108 14183 47 570 122 0323 352 13596 108 16437 224 15571 81 34186159211236Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-24PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)344998MMA Candidate300 207 5011623618621192333 153 99223251 106 34159464619129 115 349Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate527NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNo

NWFPNA-25Dera Ismail Khan-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent, but the contest was very close andthe ECP result has the MMA candidate winningthe seat while the PVT estimate has PMLQwinning the seat.• 30 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 257 polling stations inconstituency.• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers on behalf ofvoters in 5 polling stations: polling agents inPS 52 and 181; polling staff in PS 136, 181and 211.• Unidentified persons reportedly tried to exertinfluence or pressure on voters to favor aparticular party or candidate in 2 pollingstations (143 and 181).• One or more polling booths were captured atPS 136.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate394NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-25Pakistan National Assembly Election 200825.0327.8528.5229.7029.1032.2450 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis33.3433.2633.1633.6338.8338.010 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 30 out of 257 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 50 100 150Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,131Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-25115721862243661 60 59 57 52 49 49 48 454165215178311172205482136656354518143 41625749 48 47 47Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout36423 516 166 26347 292 351 0175 515 256 22341 272 165 21149 273 273 21107 380 260 20407 128 195 22Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)223451771261432114772Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station236 279 179 22379 94 204 20280 92 236 10201 91 315 4233 194 125 27236 279 179 23292 142 103 447 160 209 32114 162 143 26PML-Q Candidate197 273 203 112149 273 273 9114 533 5020232 311 62 20230 159 134 37386 85 143 2PML-QPPPMMA41 38 38 37 36 36 36 31Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-251863122411717854PPP CandidateMMA Candidate1362202156582635181Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station223Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS12617714345139 62 291 20141211169(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)107 249 170 0524772217 220 66 13160 57 280 1920552155141133202169216 52 204 57 215 209 20233 0 145 46101 112 57 34202133205155

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-26Pakistan National Assembly Election 20080.583.877.176.9328.9733.8136.2443.520 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate48.91FAFEN observed 33 out of 274 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10067 676458 5753 53504745 452621049982175623125925228126716843196842954.7457.3665.81ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-26Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)MMAIND 1IND 291886056464238 3836 35 34 3425 24 21 205.41.4 .39105119211463Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,317352 258 352 41275 569 56692 159 2 83415 405 2 7 7496 321 11 331413 403 2 9436 40456126217259499828Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station2018169 522496 146 5 16433 177 1 16210231252261 318 6 4165 115 1 81525421 362305 162168 719621135 3680158 7423 162 46 13430 3141754701331235 1000 280771720 58 16266203140182245Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-26MMA Candidate Independent Candidate 1Independent Candidate 2Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis498 404276 436 128 1 911984105146317513370772661010456 144145 26 3 83 2Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)91140350 189 09135Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS309 129 2 6386 46 9 49 2 3298 1342238224278 96941 5249422453520322418223811 9 3351NWFPNA-26BannuObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result Statisticallyequivalent, but there were major problems inthe sampled polling stations.• 33 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 274 polling stations in the constituency• Turnout was very low in women’s pollingstations. Three polling stations recorded lessthan 6% voter turnout.• Taliban captured polling station 161 and nopolling took place. FAFEN PSOs were told toleave immediately and received death threats.• In PS 112, Taliban captured the station earlyin the morning and stamped all of the ballotpapers in favor of MMA.• In PS 189, Taliban attacked and capturedthe polling station at 2:50 p.m., when pollingceased. PSOs were given death threats andleft in fear for their lives.• In PS 77 and 175, party polling agents decidedthat women would not be allowed to vote. At3:50 p.m., they decided to split the women’svotes evenly among all parties and stampedthe ballots themselves.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate162NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-27Lakki MarwatObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 213 polling stations in the constituencyCandidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-27Pakistan National Assembly Election 20084.974.707.389.7936.2540.2441.2144.1044.2347.8448.1351.58PML-QMMAIND 20 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 27 out of 213 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 13 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-27Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)88Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate98NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 807973 71661749912620619161 61 58 57 55 55 54 53201171752 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis261551724Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,210444 664 87 15511 456 120 29560 301 84 3111726144440 273 273 361365 403 127 387566 275 85 664944 4426144921865225154147621773715154 54 52 52564598Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-27PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 2294 296 144 13434 372 2147206241261724384 414316 413 461551738 23398 348922099347 241 87 15513 99 86 143015418 243526329 28117419130260 199186MMA CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station308 107 14 82925207 1261471541533426 613447 463 254559 327 1 0715195177(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)37 2520 245985645235326 4052234376 26547203038113173338 317222 219 26 19113173953734132 197 73 2

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-28Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party1.443.002.54 4.5710.6915.4815.6020.6220.3217.01 20.5123.4326.3721.65 25.1728.2527.6532.2132.1136.170 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 26 out of 267 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,267575449 48 48 48 47 46 4537 377167249129197789126025616113106897619314950952645 42 42Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutGender Mix and Number of Polling StationANPPPPPPP-SPAPPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-28Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)90 262 410 371 82 52226 236 246 41928 119 206 229 66077197112608946 75 108 144 262 05 97 234 194 78 013 251 119 51 124 33 248 236 723340 148 211 90 6402562496730 109 88 1565 41 75 81 108 119 160 81 109 012916112791181061 123 144 177 11182 132 172102171854 7 178 87 42132439 29 104 235122 151 125 32 2916025312237 37 36 3425 22 2217210216122253160228217Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-28PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate ANP CandidatePPP-Sherpao Candidate Pakistan Awami Party Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS12 61 115 78 56 96 35 1020 137 11 4 40Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)17 6732 10 5714 934Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis9328115261 92 1019321612 112 8 132 71499325 3363126952619568 78 50 26161851179 56 651410418171 80 271011722853NWFPNA-28BunerObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 267 polling stations in the constituency• Party polling agents stamped ballot papers onbehalf of particular candidates from the voter’sside in the following polling stations (19, 26,60, 71, 89, 93, 122, 185, 193, 216, 249, 253,and 270).• In polling stations (19, 93, 122, 185, 193, 216,249, 256, and 270) PSOs reported that pollingstation officials tried to influence voters tochoose a particular candidate.• In polling stations 26 and 253 one or morebooths were “taken over”, resulting in manymore votes counted than votes cast at the endof election day.• In polling stations 134 and 141, FAFEN PSOsreported that not a single person turned outto vote, and FAFEN received no data for thesepolling stations.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate360NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-29Swat-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent• 19 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 276 polling stations inconstituency. Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS)in the original random sample some pollingstations had to be substituted for others. Inmost cases, this was the closest PS to thesample PS, however, the resulting samplemay not be reliable for accurate statisticalinference.• According to FAFEN PSOs, polling staffstamped ballot papers on behalf of voters in4 polling stations (54, 57, 77 and 122). Otherswere seen doing the same in PS 02.• PSOs reported that polling staff tried to exertinfluence or pressure on voters to favor acertain party or candidate in 2 polling stations(01 and 33).Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate100NoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-29Pakistan National Assembly Election 20085.725.84-0.405.366.289.4712.2911.8011.1113.0912.6115.9118.7117.5515.7818.8722.5322.1923.7027.8229.1428.6027.2854 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis36.920 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 19 out of 276 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 10 20 30 40 50Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-297852421227540513666354532 31Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 80078108 73 238 59 2 320 054259 162 105 111 20 16112 99 203 142 27 71 011975306 26324Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)45367 69 52 45 7361705430332924 24 23157126216400 0 0 0 0IND 1PPPANPMMAPPP-SPML-NMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-29Independent 1 PPP Candidate ANP Candidate PPP-Sherpao CandidatePML-N Candidate MMA Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS134112 194 169 131848 01223381 120 168 94 19 64 051118 117 165 41 83625143199 47 1871265729 66 178 3522 102121 164 34 17 15 7317023 5 55 80 231 21661122 15 13720 336Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)4000312130209 143 55 61217474484888777724

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-30Pakistan National Assembly Election 20085.558.6410.4411.6511.742.957.4311.913.983.176.549.924.773.274.205.144.9514.8417.0618.0218.9621.2824.5824.3931.2031.4331.7337.820 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 29 out of 293 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-306650 49 494645 44 444137 36 34 34 33 32 32129192174203138179185136137191Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 790417 134 28 49 23 89 5011211 158 328 454299 95 155 20 62380 163 23 234 61 2 1 5912917913619218515 78 52 41 372 46 330Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)219 59 70 62 29 151 3429 281918619620112720415712518218758PPPIND 1PML-QMMAPML-NPAPANPPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis3531 30Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-30177 84 209 21 53 3 14 40329 153 31 12 14201204191127190 1 129 7 55 134 36083 92 111 83 46 71 62 0174196128 42 314 31 5 3 6282 94 80 16 1887 73 77 78 18 150 2118 163 137 23 31 2 16123 80 83 89 39 2 29207 2331 87 3914Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station113 84 11 78 15 53 1865 85 184 252138137203186187157125182188128 42 314 31 53188249 55 189 23 44 14 2086 38 129 83 10 124 1293 22 280 111193205181(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)1165 1026220 26221 20 20 190205193181197161166168171194PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate Independent 1 MMA CandidatePML-N Candidate Pakistan Awami Party ANP Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS3221225930225772306212 2666 26 2572 24130 30 211 1579 145 31 27 1111587 3 33 1137 67 5080 108 2918 13 14161197171168166019455NWFPNA-30Swat-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly for the first, second, and thirdrunnersup, but the outcome is the same.• 29 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 293 polling stations inconstituency. Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS) inthe original random sample, some pollingstations had to be substituted for others. Inmost cases, this was the closest PS to thesample PS, however, the resulting samplemay not be reliable for accurate statisticalinference.• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers in 3 pollingstations: polling staff in PS 137 and 182, andpolling agents in PS 193.• PSOs reported that polling staff tried toinfluence voters or exerted pressure onthem to favor a certain candidate in 3 pollingstations (127, 182, and 201). A Nazimattempted the same in PS 186.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate113NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-31ShanglaObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent• 25 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 179 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS) inthe original random sample) some pollingstations had to be substituted for others. Inmost cases, this was the closest PS to thesample PS, however, the resulting samplemay not be reliable for accurate statisticalinference.• In PS 94, there was an incidence of violencefor which FAFEN PSOs deemed PMLQ agentsresponsible. Polling was suspended for half anhour as a result.• One or more polling booths were captured ateach of 3 polling stations (54, 59 and 161).• PSOs observed polling staff stamping ballotpapers on behalf of voters in PS 50.• Undue influence or pressure was exerted onvoters to favor a particular party or candidatein PS 38.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate352NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesYesCandidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-31Pakistan National Assembly Election 20080.923.977.044.27 7.0310.499.6211.3013.9519.1718.3819.3123.3825.1725.450 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 22 out of 179 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 809446 458550435441Male1129 295730.3356 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis59217838101Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 931504443851534.9740.0041.50ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-3194584 212 3 103 454160 19 207 42 185 085193 130 56 134 911161 208 169 22 5MalePercent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)50188 90 123 98 244.7729 29 29 28 28 28 27437211299MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-31PML-Q Candidate ANP Candidate PPP Candidate5781 244 510659109 169 22 3311 695 790 26101716 36 94 338191 87 263 69 3112MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)147 326 36 63 30543140 192 116 58 2249178 96 40 172 15142 109 47 68 3447267 33 253 17 4833102 155 103 38 4331116267 95 197621589 53 195 20 1024PML-QANPPPPMMAPPP-S21 20 20 19MMA Candidate PPP-Sherpao Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS0 39957 135 12 93 174924113 77 35 4318401740144 49 18 161010139 46 7 35

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-32Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party21.9820.9226.7228.360 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate30.49FAFEN observed 18 out of 206 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)33.7534.6134.2634.7437.1640.23ECP Result46.70IND 1PML-QPPPNWFPNA-32ChitralObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly, with different outcome (PVTwould have independent win while ECP hasPML-Q winning)• Although the PVT sample size was relativelysmall (18 polling stations) due to security,inclement weather, and access, they showapproximately 40 % of the vote for theindependent candidate and 30% for the PMLQcandidate, while the ECP result has the PMLQcandidate with 37%, enough to beat theindependent candidate.• ECP Polling Station Results would permitverification of the ECP result• 18 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 273 polling stations in the constituencyTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-32Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)61Percentage0 20 40 604122933251947 47845 45 45 45 45Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 777280 118 130 292152 82 74 18330422326241344 43 43Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-32PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 1305 210 207 55941299 190 194 2830251 170 240 8Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station165 269 179 1851380 107 428 2924(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)173 214 199 1015142 218 190 723164 184 200 146531 189 282 2854869 210 195 4244PML-Q Candidate32Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis13 171 263 174186 112 231 161652641Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS58 77 298 33484440129 83 168 2137142108 126 107 261534105 76 117 22857Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate210NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-33Upper DirObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent• 29 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 242 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS) inthe original random sample) some pollingstations had to be substituted for others. Inmost cases, this was the closest PS to thesample PS, however, the resulting samplemay not be reliable for accurate statisticalinference.• According to FAFEN PSOs, women wereunable to cast votes at 3 polling stations (118,142 and 189).Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-33Pakistan National Assembly Election 20084.315.528.0911.068.0510.529.149.2711.67 14.0313.9615.5226.3528.3828.4030.3734.3935.6639.460 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 30 out of 242 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)42.95ECP ResultPPPIND 3ANPPML-QPML-NPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate168NoYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoPercentage0 10 20 30 40 50Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-334622023138 37 36 35 35 34 34 34 34 33 32302827 26 26 26 26 25 24 24 24 24 23 22 221452214222189219Mixed58 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis13226162Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 86014504 196 144 7 958 243 21 49 251 13329 112 60 9 221452206 217 55 3 31316278 118 57 7 1122 102 136 1Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)142 74 85 7 43161771741659100Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station141 91 10 77 7216 68 9 17 23 5231220142174316 43 593 15512920 140 1 14 5 9 367 93 13 32 80 1116216540 54 54 148 2 2476 95 38 2 95 10189222MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station191 56 51 2 4999152 80 42 540 54 54 14 8 222 14 9 15 4 8030 126 710021916644 11 8 31 41 376 161 613220011840144 74 23 1112911819010216614216184200159Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-33PPP Candidate Independent Candidate 3 ANP Candidate127 29 49 17 3089 24 91699 8(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)22617729 110 8 98 2102 87 49 1 458 78 19 92 018 17 16PML-Q Candidate PML-N Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS8 269 23 198409972 79 3 35 1574 59 12 40 24161102190159204842046996 56 3 4

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-34Pakistan National Assembly Election 20081.903.144.383.855.977.039.9712.5610.7913.1414.5419.1523.0027.9929.3935.7938.8342.5343.47 46.230 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 36 out of 225 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)PPPANPPPP-SMMAPML-QNWFPNA-34Lower DirObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to security reasons,however, the polling stations observed in thisconstituency were not selected randomly andmay not be representative of all of the pollingstations in the constituency.• 37 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 259 polling stations inconstituency.• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers on behalf ofvoters in 6 polling stations: polling agents inPS 72 and 96, and others in PS 60, 66, 91 and166.• Undue influence or pressure to favor a certainparty or candidate was exerted on voters in PS33.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-34Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 10 20 30 40 5045432328Male38 3735 34 33 3331 30 29 29 2826 25 24 23 23 22 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 18 1816 16 1515119.2102162322442362582522297211322077896Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 844197 103 37 267 3 112328260 76 36 126 2 15Male332 42 372 50 19 29296 25 361 48 24 32293 185 180 48 2528230 106 206 111 39 29189 42 271 11901618333Mixed20191111406660Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis1837997Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-34PPP Candidate ANP Candidate PPP-Sherpao Candidate159 146 96 82 27 19193 95 10 15178 21 216232258236229220244101 341 0 61 0 63 1326252 202 242 148 67 410226 7 134 4 17729610161252138 207 0 188 14194 157 20252 72 0362 1111360833378144 80 1 141 26109 4 22 5 7219 147 91 2 10 4 16166 148 11 41419141 1812 3 11 8MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station2 21 1162 149103 182 1 15 4 4159 13317112123 48 3 978 8 81 163 16 209120111190151714679183(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)150 68 11 1516376 163 27 6207 29 7 2114097200160146151182200191MMA Candidate PML-Q Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS2 31 359128 129 24 14 7118 118 3 274 115811169 1648 677 77 3 741115 22 13120 9 1 12 6720 43 20 39 121716066191118259Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate510NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-35MalakandObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 23 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 225 polling stations in the constituencyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-35Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party5.239.0612.906.576.148.8611.597.434.627.727.47 10.824.646.737.59 8.8217.0420.5422.3327.6240.5045.2947.15 50.08PPPPPP-SPML-NANPPML-QMMA0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 23 out of 225 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate521NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-35Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 6028588855 5418419453 5360 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis4543220011921914794042 42Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 7642823 273 83 120 150 115 079114 269 55 59 74 63 08856 230 134 21 95 51 161412 189 10 61 258 50 2655 267 15 122 98 13403836 35Mixed331631745731 3110320512528 28Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station101 210 102 19 98 1048 315 6 17 41 5211918419420 224 19 26 158 31 142407 171 22 28 193 48 303659 153 61 16 71 71 1716 239 2 36 131 4MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station88 138 5 35 120 32002192122 121 32 32 196164 161 6 131031546 214 3 96 8 1410 6 51 84 25417 123 6 64 119 2363 157 78 11 61 16125130174208(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)37 68 215 18025 25 25Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-3550 125 11 16 414414016314013020871576 58 48 10 73 16173 116 17 2133 120521 21PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate ANP CandidatePPP-Sherpao CandidateMMA Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS09 2138711544 125177

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-36Pakistan National Assembly Election 20089.461.794.471.002.678.275.8213.577.989.2315.8915.2323.0421.5118.49 29.4422.3143.180 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 27 out of 83 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 21 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)57.44ECP Result71.70IND 16IND 19IND 20IND 21IND 14IND 1IND 3IND 2NWFPNA-36Mohmand AgencyObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly for all candidates but theoutcome is the same. Due to security reasons,however, the polling stations observed in thisconstituency were not selected randomly andmay not be representative of all of the pollingstations in the constituency.• Turnout is extremely low in this agency.• 37 polling stations selected for PVT sample outof a total of 83 polling stations in constituency.• Polling staff and other unauthorized personsstamped ballot papers on behalf of somevoters in 4 polling stations (06, 08, 22 and 55).Percentage0 5 10 15 20Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-36207961231918 18179654318686237812512 1110 9.88.2 8.16.8MaleNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 31765315 1206 58 37 013 132 135 0230 1201 7918617923106244 77 68 1Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)5.6 5.6 5.3 5.34.64.13.432.1 1.8 1.50342610825819575638033Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-36173 0 15131 5 119 77 32 066878 15 1941 49 1530 28 33 025375728 29 17 1MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station14 47 1214881581924 1530 5 20439 18 29 09 32424663Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis27 5125828033(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)6 711721068 29 226.660470128Female MixedIndependent Candidate 16 Independent Candidate 19 Independent Candidate 20Independent Candidate 21 Independent Candidate 14 Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS881412 1199604703124 96 48Female Mixed61Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate533YesYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNo

NWFPNA-39Orakzai AgencyObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly for the first runnerup, but with thesame overall outcome.• Turnout was reported to be 137% in PS 68.• 13 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 111 polling stations inconstituency. Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS) inthe original random sample the final samplesize is not sufficiently large for reliablestatistical inference.• Unauthorized persons, including polling staffand polling agents, stamped ballot papers onbehalf of voters in PS 86.Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-39Pakistan National Assembly Election 20080.04-0.125.515.255.156.527.139.5711.4411.0710.4712.5312.7415.0014.3916.79 19.44 26.6019.9723.4829.0133.5645.4944.470 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultIND 6IND 2IND 13IND 1IND 14IND 11FAFEN observed 13 out of 111 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 14 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate98NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoPercentage0 50 100 150Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-39847.8Male68137Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 981284Male23686 93499Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)62 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis9454471044411118353328 27 2617MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-39Independent 6 Independent 2 Independent Candidate 13 Independent Candidate 1Independent 14 Independent 11 Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS99327 9 94 91161310431842145 051 77 769480 7131 0 62 49598 70 96 14145102MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)4752171035233116 0 134 8555990 0 80 311139148 019 94 8121612709144111 3111823 6 326267.919615 39 28242414.620

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-45Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.7210.2916.8516.0019.5825.9332.2736.0040.0048.3259.3470.36IND 6IND 9IND 3NWFPNA-45Tribal Area-X (Khyber Agency)Observation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly but with same outcome andsmaller margin of victory.• 29 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 77 total polling stations in constituency.• Very low turnout in female polling stations.0 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 29 out of 77 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-45Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 6060 5957 56 56 54 54 54 52 51 51 49 4938615062416443406574145724153Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,315793 487 351166 1 8 1 61246657 2124150571462656410 321 437 3766 25608 125 24 53616136377466935349.46.32.5Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis5450 5046725548546059677351Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-45594 140 26 3Independent Candidate 6 Independent Candidate 9Independent Candidate 32465 341 203 50 98 576 0533 156 5501543406174631 6936594 6223475 474 3632 319 120 63163302 1110 196 27746157 59 72 133 1 1693534Number of Rejected Ballots27 820Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station3594 197 5311521 109 041432537675954605573(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)355 128 238 37 36 3630295 6 4221 3113 18551286 29 8 525 203 1 1 17248363666 263Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate342NoYesNoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo

NWFPNA-46Tribal Area-XI (Khyber Agency)Observation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly for third and fourth placecandidates, but outcome is the same.• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 77 total polling stations in constituency.• In PS 36 and PS 38, FAFEN PSOs reportedthat some people tried to intimidate voters.• No voting occurred in PS 15, 18, 27, 46 and54.• Two minor clashes occurred in PS 12,however, they were brought under control bysecurity forces.• According to PSOs in PS 16, a voter causeda disruption but a local group called Lashkare-Islam,which provides security in the area,brought the situation under control.• In PS 23, the PSO reported that the NationalParty prevented about 20 voters from castingtheir votes.• In PS 31, the Lashkar-e-Islam reportedlyclosed the female polling booth and prohibitedall women voters from casting ballots.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate248NoYesNoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-46Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.414.814.836.9610.597.87 10.5113.3916.3517.0023.6224.1921.9725.0029.1528.0029.8331.0064 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis34.1136.040 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 22 out of 77 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 24 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 10 20 30 40 504750384213365634 3329 29 28 27 26 26 26 25 25 25 24 24 24 23 22 21 20166225293130335721MaleNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutGender Mix and Number of Polling Station12402032364829164225IND 8IND 17IND 12IND 14IND 15Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-46Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 4833382299 117 2 6Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-462288 95 3 268 1147232 142 16 21 18453 88 278 174 461278 74 180 13 35 056252 1451321 17 314 2 365245 79 0 37 170 236174 169 46 1332107 192 16 774883 78 5 26 54 040145 142MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station2141 45 5 156 833387 135 717 22 31668 140 52986 138 2171723156 1262055 47 2 8522 19 16793073 93 15 425742114 7422539 71 5 44 742101 15 48 0543.8FemaleIndependent Candidate 8 Independent Candidate 17 Independent Candidate 12Independent Candidate 14 Independent Candidate 15 Number of Rejected Ballots618 1835(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)4424 11 8726 15 1540 40 0Female

Section IIIslamabadNA-48 and NA-49

Capital TerritoryNA-48Islamabad-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 185 polling stations in the constituency• Two semi-rural polling stations in the sampleexceed 100% turnout• In PS 14 and 190, party polling agents werestamping ballotsPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-48Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party8.359.9914.2120.0722.2126.3425.2530.480 20 40 60Percent Vote50.1355.8558.6161.56PML-NPPPPML-QPVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 30 out of 185 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 23 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate11NoYesNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-48Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 50 100 15014211772685848 48 45 45 44 41 39 371371171391297415913416812330365966 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis5639 38 34 33 31 31 3169 6656110108124166178152Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,627652 641 284 0117635 199 63 13490 288 17437 256 261171397219 213 408 0323 160 6802526Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station386 173 1816815974368 179 121382 137 39 0339 109 37 0328 982 0 0134123129697 285 645 0305936459 167 510301 124 126 0369 88 33 6363 7824 3284 11013278 9421217 90 36 4166 110 4110108152124178166615 92 279 16252644415 68 345 55415 191 2744 40 36 34 34 332891724414Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-48PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)297 239 56514297 271 2312 181 14315 1111917214314354175 220 1 095754273 803457261 7543

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-49Pakistan National Assembly Election 20080.323.226.126.0724.2226.0325.2928.4231.7332.7530.7635.4933.3032.6135.4839.24PPPPML-NPML-QIND 5Capital TerritoryNA-49Islamabad-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent, but election very close, and PVToutcome would have different winner.• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 197 polling stations in the constituency• Turnout in excess of 100% at two pollingstations in sample (PS 16, 90)0 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 27 out of 197 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-49Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 50 100 150132906583 8067 67 661501721928860 57 56 55 52 51133963640 37 3378155160105126166175Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,112708 732 666 69065416 445 288 18432 375 353 46150 408 524 5327 452 180 37200 522 212 84411934631 2910295Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station197 395 273 4616015015519213388316 149 311 204885 356 316 4100 200 302 2394 155 6 012172175105185 307 6679636335 154 425271 62 19 8999093135166126122 432 192 4244 288 1194 81934637265 923085151 8015Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis16388 580 784 56350 459 331 280726751 492210021Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-49PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 5Number of Rejected BallotsMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)37516327 452 180 31009921371 286 272 66699982 387 308 141 2269203 181 302 202174172 160 65 23672319 6517467Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate112NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNo

Section IIIPunjabNA-50 to NA-197

PunjabNA-53Rawalpindi-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 289 polling stations in constituencyCandidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-53Pakistan National Assembly Election 20082.247.8610.6610.22 13.457.448.978.9513.1812.0715.6617.3820.2125.2327.27 30.2537.5740.1641.3845.20PML-NPML-QIND 3PPPIND 10 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 30 out of 289 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate208NoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-53Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1009299407570325660 5954 53 5349 49 4843 4327116618920318323423371 70 6958555170 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis251825842503241 3931 30192432051961461632491696861 59 5750Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,477200466 45 346 603182505 87 231 2 250 36471 149 36 6 228 11367 177 206 4 71 520323499407 7 276 072 53288 83 121 1 271 31Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-53PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate442 136 18 2 123 20189183271 71 202 3 145 4225640319 41 190 105 914272 36 120 68 112 26275 99 851114 27347 31 116 3 1166233271184 10 161 99 2325466 45 346 600 204252 51 236 7 212 29154 77 103 82 175 64323 107 74 8 148 10208 196 52 4 143 2624 4 63 89 1 92 2225058196243205163183 30 182 16 30164 32 135 42129188 36 1939412462 175 455 10 92 35258 26 381 18 4140258284144229134241Independent Candidate 1 Independent Candidate 3 Number of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station32146249(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)107 3 461 10 4 411 46 3169211 58 257 081 39202 153 10320 19 10157 58 55 63 99 15168 77 613 107 26134144258284229241

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-54Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party7.259.2111.179.9529.8731.8532.3033.8455.9855.7258.1460.29PML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-54Rawalpindi-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 34 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 201 polling stations in the constituency.0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 34 out of 201 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 13 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-54Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 6053 52 514948 48464544 43 4340 39 3836 35 35 353361109651728917111313710394177Male57107129Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 949587 281 70 11427 376 58 0103172486 277 68 5483 267 58 711658913462 209 78 6409 237 63 15441 173 69 312919017071535540 38 3736 3533 32 31 30 30 29 292617312124122FemalePakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis3256Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-54362 246 39 141741328 219 80 4PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate158431 166278 186 54 4109107259 169 64 7203917053254 196339 88 30220 4288 13919025 2251 162777157MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station251 162 25 2168 120 18138 116 286137PPP Candidate405 221 43165512361 172 92 0315 265 410232 106 200 1156173124336 132 19 2238 101 75 7126250 131 25770101541062Number of Rejected Ballots218 93 544246 101 18 7Female(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)234 89 81001851263270198 74 3630159 102 512262215 81 1 4 120100185145133 108 68 3161 102 1715414571Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate263NoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-55Rawalpindi-VIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 250 polling stations in the constituency.• At PS 145, the FAFEN PSO was taken outsidethe station by police and beaten. His formswere also snatched from him and torn up.• In PS 121, PML-Q agents reportedly requestedthe station’s Presiding Officer to expel thePSO.• According to the PSO, PML-Q agents“captured” PS 116.• In PS 01 and 76, polling station staff and partypolling agents were seen stamping ballots onbehalf of some voters.• In PS 41 and 81, voters were being subjectedto intimidation by unidentified persons, whotried to pressure them to vote for a particularcandidate or party symbol.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate496NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-55Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party9.4411.4313.4111.9825.9528.4428.2730.9472 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis56.5659.8458.530 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 26 out of 250total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)56 56199145181525049 484745 453918129Male7917012841142Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout30437612162383663.12PML-NPPPPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-55Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 921505 325 78 131526 274 80 514579488 221 101 3400 274 68 1019933 33 32 32 31 30 29 28211922524552116Female5610266Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-5541403 165 65 26PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate81385 129 81 1382 165 40417029316 123 107 16283 177 33118152MaleFemaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station399 115 55 8155 214 161 4PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots281 166 30576121116245225(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)290 124 450320 89 330264 138 37566249 102 47 356223 76 46523110147 66 223636176141 55 37 95154 5016102176

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-56Pakistan National Assembly Election 20088.9410.9110.1912.8919.9822.1921.1124.400 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate64.1566.5168.8768.23ECP ResultPML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-56Rawalpindi-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• 27 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 223 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS) inthe original random sample) the final samplesize is not sufficiently large for statisticalinference.• FAFEN PSOs were barred by the presidingofficer from observing in PS 33.FAFEN observed 27 out of 223 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-56Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 7685833937647 46 45 44 42 41 40 40 39 393716519166181104Male1751114Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout504 204 43 17488 128 63 8480 132 66 4445 146 61 20414 177 44 13400 50 131 10467 88 334 3413911410583937 363331 30 30281698779395217381FemaleGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-56181114191667693165PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate348 102 84 4210411381 106 46 5340 123 52 2139364 100 30 11289 141 43 15173314225 132 87 1246 103 71 4519 172 25 101039PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station419 110 129 6375 100 45 0370 88 48 6239 129 31 624 24Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis222 99 69 416917511381273 46 60 12206 151 265Female(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)17352193 107 56 15243 99 235191517511315510141219 75 62 5193 52 29 10147 46 2015579874110173Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate405NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesNo

PunjabNA-57Attock-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent, but the election is extremely close.• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 236 total polling stations inconstituency• FAFEN Polling Station Observers (PSOs)reported that booths were “captured” in PS 60and PS 122.• In 11 of the polling stations in the PVT sample,unauthorized persons stamped ballot papers.• In PS 122, PSOs also reported that PML-N’sFazalur Rehman was seen trying to influencethe polling station staff. He was also seenmisbehaving with the Polling Officer tried toget his hands on a ballot box. When pollingstation staff tried to stop him, a quarrel eruptedand about 15 voters were unable to vote. Atthe same station, political parties agreed toclose down all female polling booths in thearea. Only about 38 women were able to castvotes all day.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate408NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoCandidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-57Pakistan National Assembly Election 20088.8410.8612.8710.0923.7122.5123.7325.2928.5827.5129.6928.7429.5432.5074 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis35.6835.360 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 28 out of 236 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 807869 67 66 6559 58 5853 522322152241781882024639105120125130309492Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout25616068235645 4542 4236 3530104211162.610288122PML-NIND 3IND 1PPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-57Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,109225 51 126 550 60142 64 422 284 49314 112 135 326 3770 32 452 278 89287 186 82 256 266967655442277335Male Female Mixed132 71 277 315 46Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-57PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate Independent Candidate 1Independent Candidate 3175 79 234 228 45232178105188120125202138 46 106 388 62340 94 191 63 22269 31 192 0 72105 44 97 122 2721578224130189 20 24 21 49294Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS491745 87 28374 62 137 100 24315 63 126 145 27216236011274 125 154 75 154Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station84 83 228 152 93321 61 92 52 43164 49 107 139 32150 90 77 110 3910488(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)68178 82 68 29 18159 60 76 5904123102122127 110 374 423 7527423558 32 167 218 3625 51 203 171 5396 1 65 176 17211733225 185 536211

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-58Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party19.4024.2127.550 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate29.0131.2931.33FAFEN observed 24 out of 266 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 50 100 15073.367.1 64 61.955.849.819762159176102645.7714213299.932.6637.9338.6337.8644.5844.38ECP ResultMale Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutPML-QPML-NPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-58Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,962435 135 460 30335 139 455 01591766250 411 362 1910364 221 1293026328 63 240 3876.2 72.865 62.5 61.9 61.6 60.4 58.6 58.1 57.5 56.3 55.9 55.650.6Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station201 85 286 38197286 217 166 971195 530 212 25356 231 774 38Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station525 200 530 0425 222 475 17393 382 320 25454 263 302 19220 257 513 36444 38 317 391221742151647625345243(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)1221741641821087648209215454993243158189253249Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-58PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots49100 136 543 21Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis373 45 343 2424993168 400 183 16141 258 310 11217 262 218 2893 328 218 7358 81 13421202 42 204 20172 64 157 171891084820915818275PunjabNA-58Attock-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 24 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 266 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 76, 158, 174, 182 and 215, unidentifiedpersons stamped ballot papers .• In PS 158, 182 and 215, polling station stafftried to influence/pressure voters into votingfor particular candidates or symbols. In caseof PS 182, other unidentified persons triedto convince voters to vote in favor of PML-Q,according to the PSO.• In PS 158 and 215, unidentified persons wereunlawfully present beside voters behind votingscreens.• According to the PSO, PML-Q workers initiatedviolence at PS 108 which lasted around 10minutes. 2 persons sustained mild injuries.• Two polling station (PS 122 and 174) reportedturnout greater than 100% and one (PS 164)with 99.9% turnout.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate26NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNo

PunjabNA-59Attock-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 253 polling stations in the constituencyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-59Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party11.3315.4914.7619.6530.6335.6436.7340.6442.3844.5947.4652.53PPPPML-QPML-N0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 30 out of 253 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate191NoYesYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-59Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 8065 6424332575550138887604844 4232120457901076 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis528279 79 787571 70 70 67 66 6663 63 63 61 5945203182198201110188251193156163Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,194286 398 459 51127 584 100 024387234 243 161 12133288145 267 217 1460 290 106 18133 348 81 159010Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station225 215 104 1276 260 199 1283 131 180 1212045153 163 78 117153 707 164 23Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station57 504 405 25133 565 214 3553 289 475 18111 191 453 1518618218821821242 299 394 1415 320 390 1220319826 413 227 2675 221 363 2416320119 426 209 1736 254 312 15156251(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)40250 195 156 13644055 411 133 26186218212Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-59PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS7 290 286 1064 244 261 15647739 297 224 1211018419310 298 216 1640 3833266 76 154 631917119118497 170 147 1677527113 253 132 9

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-60Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party8.879.9312.5916.3029.6633.080 20 40 60Percent Vote36.5036.9149.6350.7654.0258.41PML-NPML-QPPPPunjabNA-60Chakwal-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 37 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 373 polling stations in the constituency.• In PS 265, no voter turned up to cast ballotsdue to an village-level boycott of the elections.• In PS 102, where only 707 voters wereregistered, turnout was 154%.PVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 37 out of 373 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-60Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)154Percentage0 50 100 15065 63 63 62 61 60 58 58 56 56 55 55 54 53 52 524740063585653484571 6964 6359 58 575249 49 4910295192783127592160140194319711346737135347342292651509301251623433934556371144175295200201236258Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,083325 469 259 30583 178 216 23651 62 201 12413 68 394 19194 366 299 25469 26 343 20410 45 323 15417 16 296 15Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-60400 131 169 9PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate339 63 262 10307 44 302 25485 32 129 15267 86 284 16342 14 272 3329 11 243 18296 37 159 7260 28 181 1110219237671603471357119431978343129295751401342292652516150301234956200144258236295345175201371339268 29 102 6204 56 74 210625 98 217 9PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS515 107 177 21Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)470 110 195 10543 61 128 14355 142 141 6258 52 82 16Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis620 130 227 18291 144 494 19595 20 242 14448 79 263 17353 121 271 15380 99 236 16230 7 326 15268 54 227 19194 92 172 9258 20 149 479 35 175 677Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate350NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-61Chakwal-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent, in a very close election• 33 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 363 polling stations in constituency• FAFEN PSOs witnessed unauthorized personsstamping ballots in eight polling stations. InPS 6, polling staff were stamping ballots, whileother unauthorized individuals were stampingin PS (37, 70, 106, 212, 239, 309, 332).• In PS 212, there was a fight between somewomen, but no one was injured.• In PS 348, one or more polling booths werecaptured.• FAFEN PSOs reported that polling staff werenot impartial in carrying out their duties in PS37 and 134.• In nearly all polling stations in the constituency,the 2002 FER was not attached to the voter lists.• In PS 210, there was a violent clash from 11:00to 11:30 a.m. between supporters of SardarFaiz and Chaudry Pervez Elahi. The presidingofficer and police were able to calm thesituation after 30 minutes.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate212NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-61Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party11.8712.6917.1722.470 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 33 out of 363 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 8064 63 63 62585518168111228127123950656260 6052 5178 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis134349270615734.6336.9740.4340.0141.8140.62ECP Result45.4046.6574 7266 6462 61 6160 59 59 585652 51 49 49Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout212287309210179192138203332190278256106275314245348Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station444137PML-QPML-NPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-61Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 938600 48 203 18111Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-6118395 87 358 98404 151 225 20407 195 174 0228168444 14 254 8127316 119 208 141239184 29 242 28PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate380 221 222 443470176 21 339 28196 85 222 0187 64 238 1892157134164 68 225 0225 43 138 136Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station319 23 475 87101 235 458 52290 124 350 23396 44 321 56PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS292 76 386 0107 523 79 0248 93 358 0227 83 366 42491 34 140 77219 181 247 23232 58 216 0145 19 332 52212192138332106278203348275309245256(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)44 140 314 047 287 149 65152 155 171 93164 68 225 0132 51 246 2837190287179314210116 58 235 192732441133 6 143 0324184143 19 76 22

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-62Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party9.4510.7812.8216.2022.2627.5732.8832.9949.6452.1056.8561.60PML-NPML-QPPPPunjabNA-62Jhelum-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result for the winner’smargin of victory (PML-Q) differ slightly, but thePVT and ECP outcomes are the same• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 290 polling stations in the constituency0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 30 out of 290total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-62Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)82Percentage0 20 40 60 8067 6651 49 47 45342641791621025999186593429262472001722536737264 63 61 6158 5855 55 55 54 53 514947 47 4739239117216Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,134712 107 310 0440 185 214 0262 11 304 0308 162 74 4264259210179305 35 78 149916139 168 116 26Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station247 50 5811186618 304 212 0271 43 116 0287 82 4412200172253512 37 337 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station538 14 184 6013712054481 131 130 55482 57 159 0350 67 253 65568 79 1 8847226784201404 31 165 100339 99 175 24340 17 248 0283267120217137204290197287Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-62PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis237 103 253 0216283290(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)73342 161 37 55328 37 178 0336 102 96 019720462 482 06190 97 165 054274 4 60 0217117802222 62 4302018042 81 178 623979Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate574NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-63Jhelum-IIObservation Notes• PPT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 33 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 277 polling stations in the constituencyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-63Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party12.6315.0216.5420.4424.5929.6631.7034.7447.9148.8752.4757.03PML-NPML-QPPP0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 33 out of 277 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-63Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)88Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate544NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesPercentage0 20 40 60 8051 5149 48 4811463121574235 35 34 32 30 292026024214525325224026122680 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis7679232027123153 53 52 50 50 49 49 4946 44 43 42 41 39 3827Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,07814419 64 490 0428 93 356 0126063534 138 86 4278 275 139 0338 110 108 012157241 194 95 01733722119108Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station369 70 88 2374 87 69 12253252412 81 318318 72 105 0271 94 328247 117 35199 322326114524024222676386 449 243 0277 80 20 6266 73 29 3231271Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station591 114 206 02290491 38 363 29307 130 398 0496 98 227 0201388 147 245 1390499 81 152 0351 32 377 1537161128217194201(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)378 85 303 096217161128143154151Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-63PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots287 95 367 0204 67 403 0321 30 338 10321 30 338 0252 294 122 1696143108173119154239 98 339 36194197114275 150 251 0450 25 640315 89 72 4197151114

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-64Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party22.9624.3225.0329.8629.1932.1233.3435.3936.1935.4338.050 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT Estimate43.99ECP ResultPML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-64Sargodha-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly for the first runner-up (PPP) andwould have a different outcome.• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 334 total polling stations inconstituency• In 28 out of 32 polling stations observed byFAFEN PSOs, polling station staff were tryingto influence voters into voting for a particularcandidate or party symbol.• In PS 23, unauthorized persons were seenstamping ballots .FAFEN observed 32 out of 344 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-64Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1005170601584950 484120347242756328254494436 35229016316717317121567 64 635652 52 5250 4946 46 45 44 43 43 42 413632Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 801362 281 143 15524 198 306203158135 45 537 104947348 58 170 1851315 18 224 844 85 60 1027540303748732533323270192Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station119 294 94 22280 49 144 5279 176 3 828254163401 285 90 12Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station233 213 270 16162 282 202 36241 195 198 34124 311 205 252157431011319287241 90 191 15220 151 145 30130 253 154 353332352398 363 58 18Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis29108 93 296 22154 69 241 17114 251 103 11300 29 110 14325329260110(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)113235260129310329Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-64PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS171 98 145 127040142 170 94 137053 184 156 10271 58 32511022890 127 55 1827030322881Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate217NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-66Sargodha-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 298 total polling stations inconstituency• One or more polling booths in PS 99 were“captured”.• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotsin five polling stations (32, 34, 112, 141, and257).• Other unauthorized personnel were stampingballots in PS 90.• Also in PS 90, voters were reportedly beingpressurized and intimidated by influentialpersons.• Hardly any women showed up at the women’spolling booths in PS 99, but their ballot boxeswere full.• According to the FAFEN PSO, half an hourbefore polling was scheduled to end at PS141, the ballot boxes of booths 1 and 2 wereexchanged.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate425NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-66Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party82 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis42.6844.3843.5646.8646.8048.5550.910 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 31 out of 298 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100906212325749705148 46 45 43 43 42 41 39 37 3729 26 2421110339913113362Male31419045Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout19210625322852.72PPPPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-66Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 80533461 335 9444 345 6302 433 1714113145375 340 7173 456 4123398 214 034945413735 34 32 32 32 31 29 28 28 2621174214221893134FemaleGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-66338 238 0242 299 18PML-N CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS211 310 20257133227 281 6255 240 2211099208 268 59062219 235 1116 206 7178 140 0MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station121 78 0166 3313192106228253300 290 2306 169 26167 214 023487144275208 163 8PPP Candidate201 170 35203 165 7146 198 10199 145 1611713667531Female(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)31 286 1231 286 126189173169121 121 4112 107 118791 81 716917313622125 79 7

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-67Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party10.0911.5914.8419.5928.210 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate34.21FAFEN observed 31 out of 299 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)38.0540.2143.8947.9150.95ECP Result58.01PML-QPPPPML-NPunjabNA-67Sargodha-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 299 polling stations in the constituency• In PS (10, 70, 144, 169, and 219) pollingstation officials tried to influence voters to votefor a specific party or candidate symbol. In PS219, 100% of the votes went to PML-Q.• A party polling agent was seen stampingballots in PS 5.• Unauthorized people went behind the votingscreens to help voters in PS 5 and 144.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-67Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 859592235253 53 5146 4543 423632 31 292651208322877312496713323916297167120475759 5952 52 50 49 48 4743 41 4138 37 36 3532219176144177154296165Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout266 337 217 21120122 385 255 165223226 111 253 03155 319 166 5218 68 200 524959 226 188 07716Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-6733 42 389 7PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate24 194 239 713361 180 211 258367190 72 183 1186 127 189 0100 171 86 0228239Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station3 175 155 5162970 156 67 04782 173 598 621 807 0219PPP Candidate24 362 387 1097 364 261 59124 160 428 2514415429633 142 512 547 249 328 810208857(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)55 361 180 10Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis32 265 298 1464 172 306 81070Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS28 234 256 52121767028 234 256 2521216 166 315 0177885 78 372 1228 0 206 43117235167188 138 76 341651172354 102 201 1316783Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate224NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesNoYesNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-68Sargodha-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 308 polling stations in the constituency• Turnout in one female polling station (70) was129%--more than double the average turnoutin the constituency, with disproportionate votesfor the PML-N candidate, who won the seat.Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-68Pakistan National Assembly Election 200816.9719.7920.6523.1427.8930.5329.300 20 40 60Percent Vote35.9938.2742.9846.7155.16PML-NPML-QIND 1PVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 27 out of 308 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-68Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate394 192NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYes NoNoYes NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYes NoYes NoYesYesYes NoYes NoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 50 100 15058 57 571293012974050 46 46 4412927824621951 4735 32 307984 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis704311314915624964 63 6050 50 50 50 48 47 47 46Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,082573 28 83 18400 123 123 9140 166 294 4670 397 100 024640129297287 76 172 0229 95 137 171119293181289Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-68PML-N CandidateIndependent Candidate 141 120 210 727821930170576 239 211 56114 295 47 9326 52 48811314943317 74 4 0254 4913 917 402230156249345 78 447 0131 465 226 44289122544 39 95 13432 98 146 17233 343 93 146221 20 395 01PML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS496 113 29 13494 496 40 Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station610193261192181(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)11300 166 141 31362 194 2218433122101283161261184109162 269 34 181242 52 168 1450 205 185 1528316110920134 91 114

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-69Pakistan National Assembly Election 200819.4523.0025.3630.7431.2632.4736.3335.9035.9035.5140.1841.060 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 28 out of 281 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 803359 5853 52167171Male319371 71 71Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutPML-QIND 1IND 2Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-69Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 81433271 303 224 13210 260 109 1516731198 183 199 15Male163 167 166 2317168 68 67 66 66 65 65 64 63 62 62 61 60 59 59 58 58 56 56 56411272102281592671012262332432751799749Mixed1431885385Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station97371 301 109 33330 304 68 40242 426 16 18308 84 276 30114 293 236 13143 235 235 9204 225 190 23254 213 122 0MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station318 248 9152 326 94 16217 247 74 3827527926712717910622664101201112 171 234 23269 195 34 23136 109 247 14274279106113Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-69PML-Q Candidate Independent Candidate 1Independent Candidate 2Number of Rejected BallotsPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis96 273 107 12113854993(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)188 262 12 37254 98 97 1275 198 173 17193 93 86 15124 75 195 564185 58 111 33201163 147 26 714323324327415921018885PunjabNA-69Khushab-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent for a very close election• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 281 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS (85, 143, 106, 274, 267, 210 and 201) thevotes counted exceeded the number of votescast as witnessed by the PSOs.• Unauthorized persons were allowed in thecounting room in PS 106.• In PS 143 and 210, unauthorized personsassisted voters behind the screen. Also, thestation’s Presiding Officer stamped ballotpapers in PS 143. In PS 210 and 201, pollingstation staff tried to influence the voters to votefor a particular candidate. Also polling officerdid not check for ink on voter’s right thumband govt officials tried to influence voters andpolling station staff in PS 210.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate162 104NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYes NoYes NoYesYesYes NoYes NoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-70Khushab-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 256 polling stations in the constituency• In PS 30, one or more booths were “takenover”, and the polling station reported 198%turnout.Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-70Pakistan National Assembly Election 200812.1418.0417.5523.9533.8132.6135.4139.9038.7440.8744.8747.92PML-NIND 1IND 20 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 31 out of 256 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate154NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-70Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 50 100 150 20076 75 7052213292527327960 551982324386 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis3076 76 74 72 72 70 69 68 65 65 63 60 59 59 56 53 50 48 45 45 43 40 38164185122226221176154179181242161117747Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,213418 257 104 6103 260 268 2525221329169 228 176 10283 64273239 388 148 1762 139 211 82321341464Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station43301 5816530268 691 226 28313 326 218 41277 479 95 35175 595 4433Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station235 400 175 23266 450 92 0431 262 89 1317616424218517917747523 118 95 30484 228 64 5187312 309 44301181319 267 99 2517 73 588 22383 250 29 622615482365 228 56 3020 293 287 7101 447 2828221161(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)376 91 57126414298 68 312813750825896Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-704 29PML-N Candidate Independent Candidate 1Independent Candidate 2Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS336 76 204224 173246258 131 22 15137134122235 98 64 75509658270 72 28 18187116 43 100 15

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-71Pakistan National Assembly Election 20082.113.632.545.140 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate36.61FAFEN observed 25 out of 282 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 8074524822518958171921.3266523811119519444.6443.3943.5149.4650.1751.73ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-71Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)58.82IND 2IND 1PPP62 6055 54 53 51 49 48 48 47 46 45 43 42 40 381.4159772131Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,27270 476 687 3756 280 344 01891928 328 213 0225583 287 233 0192Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station124996 2211132 202 195 039 213 164 019419576 565 548 83Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station90 309 473 421591820 362 481 02 464 361 05 487 249 112 517 203 01 370 288 270 206 441 02803121773827734 313 251 161791441824623628027711524813215038136Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-71PPP Candidate Independent Candidate 1Independent Candidate 2Number of Spoiled Ballots in PSPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis58 196 327 17144179(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)34 289 237 113 191 341 150 199 298 82 144 260 2630 143 233 2115 170 194 0192361321154615024813687PunjabNA-71Mianwali-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 282 polling stations in the constituency.• PS 2 and 136 had less than 2% turnout.• In 7 polling stations (58, 77, 99, 111, 159, 179and 182), voters’ relatives or companions,polling agents or other unidentified personsstamped ballot papers.• Unidentified persons unlawfully assisted votersbehind voting screens in 13 polling stations(02, 21, 38, 58, 75, 77, 111, 132, 182, 189, 192,194 and 248).• According to PSOs, polling staff tried toinfluence/pressure\voters to favor a particularcandidate or party symbol in 3 polling stations(58, 159 and 189).• In PS 194, a PSO reported that theindependent candidate’s workers threatenedgovernmental staff. One or more pollingbooths were also “captured” at the station,and voters were reportedly subjected topressure in favor of a certain party.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate672NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-72Mianwali-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent in a close election between threecandidates• 36 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 291 total polling stations inconstituency• In PS 131, party polling agents were behindthe screen trying to manipulate voters intovoting for their candidates. The SHO had tointervene.• In PS 40, one or more booths were “captured”.• In PS 176, polling station staff were seenstamping ballot papers .• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotpapers in PS (100, 171, 259, and 263).Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-72Pakistan National Assembly Election 20088.3310.7013.0610.7124.5924.0125.8727.0729.3328.3230.2029.7429.0234.5434.0634.040 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 36 out of 291total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)IND 1PML-QPML-NIND 2Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate591NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-72Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1008617685855 5543 43206709688 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis75207272112101631432 30 30 282330402836807065 63 62 61 61 60 59 59 59 57 57 57 56 54 54 53 53495725948179Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,238176 132 179 85 0244 88 184 20207206198 86 98 88 07027233 64 91 450144 89 124 702119126310612717617114425419812131118Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-72288 89 112 88 0223 45 671401633040231 27 6 348155 606 226 251 0212 128 468 90 0115 346 220 126 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station224 262 259 31052 461 235 23 026310013111812229 340 85 81 0111 192 286 95 0272 75 247 570201 104 282 62025919819926 183 413 18201 73 337 12150 239 201 221712641448192 262 67 181 0353 92 93 62046 242 200 110 0127106(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)91136 146 158 138 052 259 169 78 041 398126410064165199PML-N Candidate PML-Q Candidate Independent Candidate 1Independent Candidate 2Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS221 46 200 73 049 103 216 26169 215 459 0254571791656490 85 63 72 030 64 145 5176

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-73Pakistan National Assembly Election 20080 20 40 60Percent Vote41.6545.3947.9146.5348.4850.3451.4255.29PML-NIND 1PunjabNA-73Bhakkar-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 296 polling stations in the constituency• PSOs observed party polling agents—relativesof candidates-stamping ballots from the voters’side in three polling stations.PVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 26 out of 256 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-73Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)88Percentage0 20 40 60 807771 69 6962202201127641251079458 5883 8278 76 75 75 73 72 70 68 686462 61 6159 5956116Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,147614 370 3648 279 19401 467 1420212564571 191 13492 278 012720194Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station264 330 52318 291 28366 176 10107116436 670 417688Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station513 492 30653 357 8325 587 0521 323 32486 330 39279 543 37446 305 8199 498 44206103223662137876221136883814313819115515123425Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-73PML-N Candidate Independent Candidate 1Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS312 345 37Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis275 392 0191 400 13319 173 108336 221 9268 278 1520621366382211362231032341387825191(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)120 368 24262 201 17168 178 1415514315189Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate73NoYesYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-74Bhakkar-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 296 polling stations in the constituency• PSOs observed party polling agents—relativesof candidates-stamping ballots from the voters’side in three polling stations.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-74Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party0 20 40 60Percent Vote37.4043.0044.3649.9648.6050.2055.4060.85IND 2PML-NPVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 32 out of 296 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-74Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)87Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate112NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesPercentage0 20 40 60 80746157201171348 47 4633514290 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis24982 80 78 77 75 75 72 7269 69 69 68 68 6865 64 64 63 63 61 61 60 5955435358229224218239Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,161611 393 39 10320111279 361 3661171317 304 304 2 29324 249 249 4 813211 209 209 525241 176 176 147811521411471938581140129Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-74175 205 20 51024397 978 978 010 8486 555 555 06730 306 306 0390 591 591 29Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station409 532 532 2 2922423921822978407 518 518 15 2 7520 311 311 0368 414 414 1147206315 445 445 0 128561244 488 488 16502 215 215 2120210 462 462 216 3175 484 484 14 6140101159(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)111 531 531 21516593151 510 510 27267 394 394 51209 444 444 26317 304 304 229246 359 359 1 11217 359 359 306 7214249181115129325 221 221 3 3159165181101206147PML-N Candidate Independent Candidate 2 Independent Candidate 2Independent Candidate 3 Independent Candidate 4 Number of Rejected Ballots11251 273 273 11058715381223 274 274 116286 204 204 13 86160 396 396 13114

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-75Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party35.6643.5543.5947.9151.4355.7753.550 20 40 60Percent Vote63.63PPPPML-QPunjabNA-75Faisalabad-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 271 polling stations in the constituency• In PS 45, nearly all votes were cast forthe PML-Q candidates, well above theconstituency average.PVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 27 out of 271total polling stationsPVT estimate for 7 candidates in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-75Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)81Percentage0 20 40 60 8075339471 69 69 68 66 65 65 64 6462 60 60 60 59 5835179159264168502087823Male235232Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,152497 635 20306 612 623516823669 136 14513 285 15264667 130 5994391 382 18669120223221456962 61 59 58 57 56 55 54119191243164Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station343 407 6351 365 90357 276 12159221232363 234 5495 104 417933365 214 22667850389 148 11MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station298 221 7234 235 40218 280 6273 6122232081207 883 24527(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)389 370 11MixedVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-75PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis474 279 011970626 115 5498 181 1170PML-Q Candidate443 178 16151164Mixed356 234 0218174281 269 2427233 293 315196 384 824321817419191Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate38NoYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-76Faisalabad-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 278 total polling stations in constituency.• In PS (15, 74, 78, 98, 200, 203 and 246)unauthorized persons were stamped ballotpapers• PSOs reported from PS 74 that a Nazim namedHaji Muhammad Saleem tried to influence/pressure voters into voting for a particularcandidate or party symbol.• In PS 27, according to PSOs, a councilornamed Farhana Khan tried to disrupt the peace.• In PS 203, some unauthorized persons wereseen assisting them behind the voting screen.Despite complaints by party polling agents,the unauthorized persons did not cease fromunlawfully going behind the voting screen.This caused a quarrel due to which polling wassuspended for about 15 minutes. As a result,two voters were unable to cast ballots.• Turnout exceeded 100% in PS 116.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate213NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-76Pakistan National Assembly Election 200810.9111.2317.1116.2119.5621.5225.6326.1925.9026.2728.6030.1531.4832.8392 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis34.6837.330 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 278 total polling stationsECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1001049074 72 72 70 69 69 66 6511611223474270114201108Male6020319278Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout56 565237 36851852157271598807671Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station12625715720067 67Mixed58PPPPML-QPML-NIND 1Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-76Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,018241 201 490 72 14Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-76388 383 36 106 50157 282 171 237 29204 152 249 491697 285 149 70 18112116742341925244 213 114 137114213 234 111 24 166 197 287 84 19139 138 102 189 098 158 106 172 844 289 82 84 2321518527078231 191 3025 740 255 75 75 1084 70 148 94 4132 180 4511889 168 52 22011082032715159 4MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)76012698113 267 265 13 970 59 299 205 742 95 256 240 51136 196 187 107 13257246100Mixed61 140 295 1 352 49246100252176PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS72 121 43 231 1917625259 28 127 197 10035 248 70 515200157

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-77Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party11.6915.2416.9118.790 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate29.86FAFEN observed 34 out of 277 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)34.7935.1539.7243.2745.01ECP Result47.4751.67PML-QPML-NPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-77Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)PunjabNA-77Faisalabad-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 34 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 277 polling stations in the constituency• In PS 25, polling was suspended thrice by thePresiding Officer at the female booths due tointerference by unidentified persons who weretrying to influence/pressure voters. Also, at thesame station, female voters’ ballot boxes werefull even though there were hardly any femalevoters present at the station. The vote returnfor that polling station had a disproportionatenumber of votes for the PML-Q candidate, andturnout was greater than 100%.• In 13 polling stations (04, 27, 40, 44, 52,76, 99, 112, 128, 126,153, 200 and 219),unauthorized persons stamped ballots.• In 5 polling stations (27, 100, 128, 215 and219), polling station staff reportedly tried toinfluence/pressure voters into voting for aparticular candidate or party symbol.Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100844477 76 75 74 737065 64 6355 5310487 847822052731002021433251282514827466 64 6461 60 58531067298 98Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,106304 113 477 218444352 57 488 6207 44 362 17202207 44 362 177332332 101 157 5235 227 137 16143304 51 240 1252199965215253243247Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station211 53 298 622052360 62 132 10278 15 202 488 22 289 13100128251 211 604 13324 109 496 2825365285 92 491 19329 231 252 1021527351 79 299 11196 107 313 284266 34 208 11161 83 259 6119 89 273 198 47 203 14111 51 301 6221 457 406 22Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis307 204 447 178783172 63 575 1868 66 6459 56 55 54 5332205 50 466 840200112137Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-77PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidateMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station1067299PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS14821987247243(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)373 57 139 8129 155 255 440112137237110 104 314 1576153198229 55 235 7319 53 119 579 153 228 076200198153126237191 35 152 30143 20 187 312693Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate368NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-79Faisalabad-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 34 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 293 polling stations in the constituencyCandidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-79Pakistan National Assembly Election 20081.713.533.68 5.3514.3614.4313.5617.3517.8517.2518.7120.1218.75 20.9522.9825.8835.1637.5240.3945.61IND 1PPPPML-NPML-QIND 20 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 34 out of 293 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-79Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate199NoYesYesYesNoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesPercentage0 20 40 607564 63 63 6359 58 57 5724420325713923422113753 51 51 50 5048 4746423994 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis37641261711301911330Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 90625 649 24 207 10262 108 32 335 124 0280 83 46 256 144 0325 176 39 148 63 075203257221191156 81 170 326 0231 138 148 171 2 034 55 187 382 2 0139137206269605127418246 44404685543357 5653 51 5044Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station34 59 167 377 01337184 151 107 162 00157 195 97 128 12 01716469 91 177 214 342329 115 225 171 1124430118 51 67 269 26 012 63 7 445 0110 61 82 242 0135 71 90 140 26 078 89 113 107 6 1040 133 49 144 230126234269130206462730 163 333 03 681 103 71 23929 41 189 164 17 29137 45 29 181 47039 139 76 4716285429 73 204 42487731 44 169 391 1388 183 91 214 469132166Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-79Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station1825485274285(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)771666957 71 167 234 73757 61 57 304 0092 131 27 114 23 01022481028888133 91 42 112 138 38PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate64 45 29 233 468 39 72 187 502724220186229Independent Candidate 1 Independent Candidate 2 Number of Rejected Ballots14 2 53 27 98 7 062 17 2 18 40 15 0220132186229

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-80Pakistan National Assembly Election 200825.1426.6228.7228.7732.3732.3532.4133.9936.0238.7340.840 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 33 out of 252 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)11243.46ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-80Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)PML-QPML-NPPPPunjabNA-80Faisalabad-VIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• Turnout exceeded 100% in two polling stations(PS 22 and 209)• 33 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 252 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS)in the original random sample) the finalsample size is not sufficiently large for reliablestatistical inference.• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers on behalfof some voters in 6 polling stations: pollingagents in PS 52, 85 and 123, and others in PS83, 124 and 179.• PSOs reported that polling staff members triedto influence voters or exerted pressure onthem to favor a certain party or candidate in 7polling stations (52, 95, 103, 108, 154, 162 and168).Percentage0 50 100221039867 66 65 64 6258 585447 461797256912232898325123012373956362 62 62565853 525051 51 4945 44 46 43 413620925214415357Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,57756183 551 244 47303 392 283 0364 304 252 547222391270 361 258 17380 264 187 0309 319 169 21179123295 243 255 08328224124121167525195Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station557 126 5241262 263 124 32229 109 294 0251253 174 190 09142 231 198 9230178 294 408 8229 106 294 0209252205 252 121 0457120 231 177 15213 161 107 40129 92 260 0126 173 176 046 116 122 0124144153121686 528 238 125496 156 166 0173 321 221 10108162103104168232Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-80PML-Q CandidatePPP CandidatePML-N CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station1585Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis372 138 194 0442 102 132 016795232108103(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)52257 260 82 2288 241 280 0306 183 116 012216851241 133 221 0281 51 153 20235 98 114 0163 165 1020122104151628588 67 215 895Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate170NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-81Faisalabad-VIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 250 polling stations in the constituencyElection ObserverPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-81Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party18.8818.4522.7626.6429.3834.5336.2737.9339.6842.0142.5846.08PPPPML-QPML-N0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 26 out of 250 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate213NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-81Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 807821673 70 70 69 6765 6462 62 62 61373257543515116413017014396 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis197787624928173 72 71 7164 62 62 61 60 5855Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,188192 520 455 2121657432 341 156 1181 379 342 18164166 540 90 21353769 124 594 15187181133140240237Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station142 345 201 3100 295 251 7151143200 177 235 75432210 227 141 10157 192 137 993 178 112 16170130119 232 169 19197Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station112 341 320 189269173 291 240 18105 351 232 11181100 338 202 13991977 221 342 11211 191 222 13153 239 204 3186 212 196 7237187240(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)185 169 210 137624150 300 99 9699919Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-81PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS94 244 200 12139 176 185 91401335281111 263 125 34822771 179 147 8227

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-82Pakistan National Assembly Election 20089.8611.0012.5715.280 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 38 out of 246 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)38.0641.9841.3341.46ECP Result44.6145.9147.3449.85PML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-82Faisalabad VIIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• 38 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 246 polling stations inconstituency. Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS)in the original random sample some pollingstations had to be substituted for others. Inmost cases, this was the closest PS to thesample PS, however, the resulting samplemay not be reliable for accurate statisticalinference.• FAFEN PSOs reported that in PS157, a ladycouncilor tried to exert influence or pressureon voters to favor a certain party or candidate,whereas various polling agents attempted thesame on polling staff members.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-82Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,126786764 64 63 62 61 59 59 58 57 5754 54 53 53 52 52 51 5149 49 48 484845 45 444240 40 39 38 3631 30 3012961591331841531521523926211211162319323419510942877420510840210185129163167208859823811411916117648 691 383 4161 219 615 15Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-82141 321 451 0279 203 386 153 409 366 1453 409 366 14143 380 265 2547 451 311 246 394 359 0PML-Q CandidatePPP Candidate57 475 255 6MaleNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutGender Mix and Number of Polling Station43 408 320 881 369 300 20118 252 361 2758 323 358 19189 249 276 3254 323 284 5232 355 4622139687341218426116195231239211510831741531094229315921520540129851199816718523816120821016311417648 323 267 3MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)54 289 194 7142 137 258 024 284 225 0PML-N CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS22 170 201 728 199 134 1130 76 195 0117 524 234 18117 249 168 18Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis64 181 296 1139 271 131 668 104 232 19Female29 177 167 3534 175 186 828 272 82 1017 177 170 0Female19 192 147 631 157 157 938 144 132 725 122 135 594 29 24997Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate223NoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-83Faisalabad IXObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 264 total polling stations inconstituency• In PS 86 and 106, one or more booths were“captured”.• In PS 23 and 262, polling station staff weretrying to pressurize voters into voting for aparticular candidate.• In PS 23, party polling agents were seenstamping ballots on behalf of some voters. InPS 23 and 86, polling station staff was seenstamping ballots. unauthorized persons werestamping ballots in PS 88, 234, and 262.• In PS 23, voters were reportedly pressured tovote for a particular candidate by influentialpersons.• In PS 88, 202, and 210, voters were sentback upon being challenged by party pollingagents.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate56NoYesYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-83Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party15.3319.0618.5722.790 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 30 out of 264 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 806561 61 60210119124598 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis34.8356 56 56 54 53 53 52 51 50 49 4945 45 433924011820223488206250MaleNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout112861318062137922337.5639.7439.4939.0141.1344.7044.14ECP Result77554945 4339 37 3529231125262256199Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationFemale13317010695PPPPML-NPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-83Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,006520 384 90 128612Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-83257 460 210 3492 339 71 8366 229 169 1311925045225 364 152 20246 355 139 7202 450 77 0247 392 73 0PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate374 216 114 142348811220280173 246 272 20218 230 210 20281 251 106 12256 222 150 7195 272 82 11MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station62 180 303 521024020613711823224 156 116 4178 225 72 25197 222 55 213192PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots6284 173 149 15498 136 68 57244 225 131 18165 329 90 2208 188 71 4161 175 277199231125170133(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)121 144 45 9128 113 56 6Female90 122 67 1110626225695167 79 1425 239 17100 81 215222645 46 38 5152226

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-84Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party6.169.0810.5112.0132.3933.7936.5440.6947.3852.8752.2558.35PML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-84Faisalabad-XObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 243 polling stations in the constituency• Turnout exceeded 100% in PS 192.0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 26 out of 243 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-84Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 50 100 15011460 60 57 57 55 54 53 53 51 50 50 4819219010119412554216Male42117234236129171240137Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,246582 464 188 12338 252 216 6507 217 37210 10570 172350 353 52 145145268247439 37 37 36 35 3531 29 28 28211112162FemaleGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-84524 162 36 2192190216236234101PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate477 171 225313 287 600125240369 183 23314 162 76 252310274 254306 162 17 711 2279 166MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station287 121 31 513711719417112954PPP Candidate249 172 546220 178 306149 155 48922117468874784 232 420Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis0 263 68 14203 99 2131 182 1 116247Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS24Female(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)4 38140 82 82 5142135 155 793387128 131 6120 87 1031421781123317864 54 35999Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate343NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-86Jhang-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result for the winnerdiffer significantly, with the same result but amuch closer outcome than the ECP outcome.• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 248 total polling stations inconstituency• One or more polling booths were “captured” inPS 129 and 221.• Violent incidents were reported in PS 58, 129,209 and 249• According to PSOs, fights initiated by PML-Qparty polling agents kept delaying polling inPS 209.• In 6 polling stations (72, 133, 152, 153, 206and 209) unauthorized persons stampedballots .• Armed persons were present inside six pollingstations (91, 133, 206, 221, 249, and 253.• In PS 6, polling at the women’s booths wasstopped and the staff “captured”. This wasdone by the mutual consent of the politicalparties.• Turnout in PS 253 was over 100%.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate237NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-86Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party21.6923.2529.7828.5629.4531.20100 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis34.5233.6339.2541.5340.720 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 248 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100737065 63558672338835601750379146 4541 39 38 361011854212983777144.00ECP Result6357 5552 52 51Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutGender Mix and Number of Polling Station47 47PPPIND 1PML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-86Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,154366 46 741 1266 39 638 486883372220 462 125 23222 51 520 160336 92 347 6127 42 410 73517129 61 266 4344 56 196 4837791189 19 370 179 11 275 10179 141 4851854257 21 186 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)239 108 26129220 462 125 23223 471 462315 357 1939363 218 105 11417187 499183 313 173 1843 4135253113220249133206153137166158221209160Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-86PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 1PML-Q CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots14330 32074 292 280 1015 21290 24288 247 205 12133253206137153249158220166221156 165 469181 115 490230 98 13113209160

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-87Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party9.2014.4514.9119.690 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 31 out of 262 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)36.3238.8137.9240.3944.4845.0044.45ECP Result50.16PML-QPPPIND 2Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-87Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)PunjabNA-87Jhang-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• Sample included 31 polling stations, butFAFEN was only able to obtain valid data for18 polling stations out of a total of 262 pollingstations in the constituency.• One or more polling booths were “taken over”in PS 81 and 161.• In PS 21, 64, 101, 181, and 208, polling stationofficials tried to influence voters to support aparticular candidate’s or party symbol.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballots in 9polling stations (21, 29, 64, 81, 104, 169, 181,226 and 239).• Violent Incidents disrupted polling in 6 pollingstations (9, 21, 151, 194, 226, and 247). Mostof the fights were between polling agentsbelonging to various parties.• Armed men were present inside PS 161.Percentage0 20 40 60 8081562149193770138296159 5855 55Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 84481138 234 431 3621272 369 137 2322519121 1502301292089655352 51 51Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-87PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 2386 348 74 36226316 223 247 22230338 239 88 9181Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station197430 1739208 234 162 30105(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)241268 32420829133 332 102 25239265 163 135 2723922610 53214 276161Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis151PML-Q Candidate187 29312942181219 217 3013839105Number of Rejected Ballots88131 168 147 3115137247198 149 55 81943616115 1165125 25830194170 163 54 8247101Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate195NoYesYesNoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-88Jhang-IIIObservation Notes• PPVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 37 polling stations in PVT Sample out of a totalof 306 polling stations in constituency.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-88Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party2.094.784.727.4610.7014.9914.0919.2929.3334.1233.5739.7438.9142.5846.1052.47PML-QPPPIND 1PML-N0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 42 out of 306 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate261NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-88Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1006036394.8Male Female986561 60 59 59 58 58 58 57 55 54 53 53 53 52 51 50 50 49 48 46 45 43 41 41 39 3633 33284271604941892592411621336129826519327147126287246372932212731542452319724150175144741582051201614Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 9296 173 171 75 365 183 65 182 192 171 162 212835Male Female92 278 494 46 1940 254 462 101 22102 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results AnalysisMixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-88PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 128 548 135 94 357 238 468 79 2519 197 533 32 3957 375 126 198 3942716042412466129827327372652452412619394287189154144175147221162133293259150205120977423115814161 234 511 7260 280 410 61 2234 282 306 111 63289 166 88 125 218 126 285 238 38Number of Rejected Ballots10 151 482 6 38MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)79 254 128 176 101 251 360 1451 157 393 13 6516 185 307 89 17710 225 164 174 1720 169 369 13 1739 42 110 347 019 89 353 67 287 233 246 31010 148 290 65 9725 262 98 108 300 87 298 57 121 84 192 146 168203 207 184 282945 380 25 1 77 182 132 14630 314 1039 42 193 21 136 66 100 123 25323 1.47 211 0 1 10 10

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-89Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party7.515.377.399.417.2111.2514.9912.1128.0235.6134.6434.5839.8442.3241.2749.04PML-QIND 6PML-NPPPPunjabNA-89Jhang-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations in PVT Sample out of a totalof 306 polling stations in constituency.0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 26 out of 222 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 12 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-89Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 807715413854 534938345 44403762113124569842 4137 353328 27 27241651221488613210320Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis5752 50 49 4938Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 858214 33 54 537 20308 34 141 263 580 17 279 293 8138124113306 81 45 228 373898357 0 70 187 153635644791881771712532Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-89230 35 58 195 12159 1816 108 150154276 61 35 108 04486101 3726 316 5278 64 37 84 28242 52 28 118 1049 047 256 0141 49 43 204 7Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station85 50 79 221 5668 1835 311 4410316514813218812279157 74 54 120 6178 41 17 91 7182 47 44 12 64171177(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)32323 35 173 141 47285 120 27 158 101725162 42 84 248 28384 57 61 64208204200201PML-Q Candidate PPP Candidate PML-N CandidateIndependent Candidate 67315 235Number of Rejected Ballots263 214 124 0193 1 4 11 4 381735175 842 54 18200208204201103Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate160NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-90Jhang-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 218 polling stations in the constituency• In 9 polling stations (25, 43, 57, 89, 116,118, 137, 158 and 190), some unauthorizedpersons were seen stamping ballot papers,while in PS 182, the station’s AssistantPresiding Officer was seen doing the same.• According to FAFEN PSOs, independentcandidates Sima Akhtar’s and GhazanfarAbbas’s supporters harassed voters at PS 55.The FAFEN PSOs also reported that “rigging”took place in the polling station.sPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-90Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party2.323.843.375.350 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate37.71FAFEN observed 26 out of 218 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)44.2243.9743.0347.9650.0550.22ECP Result55.88IND 1PML-QMMAPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate264NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-90Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80837983556571796857555349 48 46 462346116118106219104 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis2206762 60 59 57 57 56Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,277321 19 933 4558371762 10 336 11153 36 657 15212 57 410 24116358 4 340 84679354 2 246 1113243190201137895752 51 51 49 48 4642818225Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station162 28 381 17173 41 325 1711810665133 98 300 19287 10 180 15219113 0 93 16220Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station620 6 341 31478 18 404 30400 28 390 5201176132457 28 276 345712449 74 228 23135 69 502 36253 12 440 19182137326 8 337 12438925(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)276 3 411 36302 7 311 15274 89 248 178158176Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-90PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1MMA CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS308 11 243 2112274 20 273 019016516165118 17 322 91634267 0 139 17158

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-91Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party4.776.087.6910.6039.4141.2641.9544.7947.5348.6450.1753.79PML-QPPPPML-NPunjabNA-91Jhang-VIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 24 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 249 polling stations in the constituency0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 24 out of 249 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 3 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-91Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 8054635123761383330248101160209316957 5653 53 51 51 51 50 50 49 49 49 48 4642 4029Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 916196 347 329 442375412 210 362 1211 175 479 354 133 245 52161421771981354311284234931831717311512Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-917 205 128 145 202 124 16248101209160PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate3 421 455 15116 592 148 38319843Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station13 381 374 2314 191 553 43126 295 317 2634 225 460 1649 372 272 0135177142112PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS24 416 216 1117841252 403 188 744 282 306 5644 313 266 18Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis129 282 160 1551 308 206 18183216173(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)20 252 277 242343111 192 343 385 195 237 3378 43 340 13653 156 209 91156593105Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate187NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-92Toba Tek Singh-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 335 polling stations in the constituency• One female polling station (PS 22) had 229%turnout.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-92Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party22.0425.3624.4226.4630.8832.1733.0536.1040.1638.9941.3646.63PML-QPML-NPPP0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 27 out of 335 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate194NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-92Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 50 100 150 200 25010875 72 72 68 66 66 64 64 6147130313210248101202126238835115106 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis229223155463814316261Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,777102 430 490 0327 239 160 0318 34 334 0269 71 328 0291 214 145 111305123812610183227 140 215 0114Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station114 211 249 0193 162 173 0132 106 272 0202 112 138 02021521024829106 296 0313428 691 658 02231289 154 242 06152 76 291 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station83 152 128 0162889 173 268 0282 265 593 093247 269 503 067 64 63 63 6154 53 5032235 164 374 0142 241 260 0185266331107181297170302140256219Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-92PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS159 98 345 0131 144 291 0266185331297181170219(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)34 178 323 0362 43 119 014025640212 178 1290205 213 99 04033 60 274 0107302

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-93Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party7.199.5010.3011.8233.190 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate36.9036.7640.6048.0548.0751.66ECP Result55.27PML-NPML-QPPPPunjabNA-93Toba Tek Singh-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 33 out of a total of 310 polling stations in theconstituency polling stations (PS) in PVTsample• One or more polling booths were “captured” inPS 110, 173, and 296.• In one polling station (206), turnout was 100%.• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotsin PS 41, 85 (party polling agent), PS 129, and273 (polling staff).FAFEN observed 33 out of 310 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-93Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10077 7570 68 67 66625256119797417627979766051 49 494020266293217129110610082 79 787370 68 68 67 66 66 66 64 63 6258575452206187238273268173219152254117258202Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 847362 56 398 125256462 46 205 25333 135 236 24176332 152 212 337479369 89 210 16298 10 175 9300 9 164 7279119Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-93PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate460 6 106 5326 29 139 620266129248 94 97 11185 15 216 8192 31 142 25110217247 57 58 21215 3 141 116293219206254Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station364 117 336 30444 45 278 38392 40 293 1668PPP Candidate354 53 301 26450 37 215 17326 47 315 9384 51 233 0367 44 256 1085117187246137(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)342 135 160 0Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis366 28 224 2175 5 454 17184 41 296 1668Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS257 74 193 11232239 23 220 12268238258232273418541203 77 166 24234 0 159 43160 97 171 4214137246228 26 123 15102 131 107 125214152202173107Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate363NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-94Toba Tek Singh IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent in a very close three-way race• 39 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 355 polling stations in the constituency• Turnout of 115% in an all-female polling station(PS 235).• Polling officials were reported stamping ballotsin PS 299• FAFEN PSOs reported that voters were beingintimidated in PS 138.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-94Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party25.7228.4227.4731.2032.3431.2033.9133.1832.7838.0939.4138.960 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultPML-QPPPPML-NFAFEN observed 39 out of 355 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate271NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-94Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 50 100 15073 73 72 68 67 63 6154 521159262 60 59 57 57 5548 47 44949534110167258354433721235287632324813362643211227032134432627915911620922229915383138105278165296118186108 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis8273 73 7368 67 67 66 66 64 64 62 61 60 58 57 56 53Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 821445 135 133 1629 428 240 11421 138 115 23178 288 185 16220 161 272 10205 193 234 4159 167 159 33240 194 40 8Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-9482 120 240 11PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate445 135 132 16549 55 106 39248 268 170 59190 162 210 34216 122 158 14214 90 127 577 117 176 10258953544367213734110123532313364276326224811288327011622232113827811815927915310518634420932629916529665 120 175 18181 52 134 24Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)135 100 123 1868 161 91 50277 231 284 29PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS55 314 354 8553 302 349 5854 439 219 3676 562 58 1718 62 600 13310 274 93 27274 197 194 18106 152 385 14240 195 206 3326 167 422 926 336 130 14151 207 109 8145 75 229 9107 82 176 12208 48 106 9300 2717684 153 65 9115 58 116 16

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-95Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party4.387.056.239.7339.0540.0641.8442.9745.7647.0446.8849.68PML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-95Gujranwala IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 36 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 205 polling stations in the constituency0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 36 out of 205 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 14 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-95Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)85Percentage0 20 40 60 806355 54 52 50474544 44 4441 41 40 38 37 37 36 3532 29261981447455117967855793121158Male13815411301737Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 989418 538 214435 453 76 25144121355 265 318 18676 178 22745375167482 370 52 23336 372 65 9356 304 52 615817407 288 9258910919412329174031 30272624 23 22 22 21 20 19 18187114167Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station352 326 35 11208 301 169 15459 133 40138194154291 301 34 105785322 281 214168 433 11157402 192 6413089263 324 68251 321 2011MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station146 325 75 617993213 305 1213305 188 1415207 199 46 16175 129 15 172919810912321 251 15 23243 203 341511484204 237 36FemaleVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-95PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidatePakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis137 252 77 61417 14183 202255 150 7183147Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS255 150 7167129175147(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)165 170 15 15202175129256 78 10321477Female84773281 259 16 4140 156 4616175 129 15 17130 140 2617171202124 107 39 3183187171109Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate328NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-96Gujranwala-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result for winner differslightly, but with same outcome.• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 206 total polling stations inconstituency• One or more booths were “taken over” in PS59 and party polling agents tried to influencevoters to support a particular candidate.• In PS 78, the station’s Assistant PresidingOfficer was seen stamping ballot papers.• In PS 87, the station’s Presiding Officer didnot cooperate with the FAFEN observersper FAFEN’s agreement with the ElectionCommission of Pakistan (ECP) and the PSOswere unable to observe voting. The PSOswere victims of police violence. PML-Q partypolling agents also started a fight at the pollingstation.• In PS 171, FAFEN PSOs observed very fewwomen voting, yet the ballot boxes from thefemale booths were full.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-96Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party26.5829.4732.3632.080 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 31 out of 206 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 14 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)85 837860.4362.5765.5568.54ECP ResultPML-NPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-96Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate576NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80821110458 5731413248413836 36343331 312925204Male1916110 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis78147441771719816895176787Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,9561376 549 3111821016 542 43795 305 203204635 351 11657 177 0594 156 45952 51 50 504841 411591749327Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station543 215 6386 281 0141104177171307 312 31324478350 269 7396 160 19437 126 8329 194 11174 101114717168144 1031MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station86 135 898876795125 52 6119 92039701 209 5426 331 9556 154 3456 126 8313 9033159115174120(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)1152739Female302 965272 57418025 23 23 22 21 20258 770Female120186180Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-96PML-N CandidateNumber of Rejected BallotsPPP Candidate214 630173 94174186735993473168 554586 135 811686 3 8116

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-97Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party16.1419.5818.4623.010 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 214 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)32.2435.6835.4638.2339.1141.5743.79ECP Result49.35PML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-97Gujranwala-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 214 polling stations in the constituency.• In PS 83, according to the PSO, a PPP agentstamped ballot papers on behalf of somevoters. Reported turnout was 105% in thispolling station.• In PS 92, only 2 votes were cast.• In PS 113, a PML-Q party polling agents triedto influence voters and stamped ballot papers,which sparked a fight with a PPP agent. Thesame PML-Q party agent also beat up anotherrival party’s worker.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-97Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)105Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10083665745 42 40 39 39 39 38 37 35 34 3123163200157623320912Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 91216427 367 95 23140 390 333 30171 394 178 19287 312 156 27429 201 128 9289 355 97 17135403.50611511891628126919243 40266104993193Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis1044 43 41115108122Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-97287 258 173 252092006216313528PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate310 253 143 51240373 182 73 14186 183 212 015783280 188 58 26309 126 86 4115133230 141 118 5231 168 83 5159 161 64 7126189PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots4215 3 29192Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station2 0 0 0486 210 175 19195 290 165 1569931(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)278 117 71 0224 147 73 41049370 58 26485 219 92 5153 231 187 271311227 141122108115111Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate267NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNo

PunjabNA-98Gujranwala IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 29 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 235 polling stations in the constituency• Two polling stations with 100% or greaterturnout.• Significant violence in PS 190, reported 99%turnout. Significant violence, spread overseveral incidents of Intimidation, stoppedpolling temporarily in PS 190.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-98Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party19.8720.0724.3124.290 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate28.7231.3631.1739.2238.4144.34ECP Result45.4449.47PPPPML-NPML-QFAFEN observed 29 out of 235 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate424YesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100112Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-98Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)1006812330784540 391822312152683619Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis342810399Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,309536 227 90 1713098 422 310 25361 211 192 7393 224 63 341218278263 296 353170 237 233 10123695955 5451 5046 45 44 42 40 40 40 38 37 35 33 3315219020719111710372209149155134116115222202Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-98PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate160 293 332 5681936310 117 4239194 188 131047 812 398 52545 250 172 11Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station441 430 48 3484 548 246 18274 374 212 2093 392 282 100190134202209149207(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)72PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS349 330 5713292 197 196 29120 408 151 27145 223 252 24131 433 5015175 250 180 1567 423 821365 211 253 7122 255 127 2951191 155 140 30148 157 133 18117191155195103222174152116115137 140 143 1023519517411895 145 153 381182355198 143 6713

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-99Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party19.0026.4825.6626.690 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate29.1829.8432.33FAFEN observed 24 out of 231 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,40775664810440627045 443501262206512186105143 42168233.8940.3241.3040.20ECP Result69 68 6762 60 6056Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout89Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station51.46PPPPML-NPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-99Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)80 1154 162 1110462389 293 218 2240283 238 312 10470293 107 263 5283 102 465 1335092 75 581910480 201 301 21497 170 204 0206112 117 371 20195 119 280 1021865192 75 5819Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)36 1151 71445 500 191 13488 362 117 2296 304 280 14466 122 275 17Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis283 238 312 14534642383115112310013019211615272153172198184Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-99PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots285 385 10215440 226 79 19315 315 95 8119 524 6020191 189 226 9100123172116151728915219219813075 413 357204 43 254 17184153113PunjabNA-99Gujranwala-VObservation Notes• Estimate and ECP Result statistically equivalent,but ECP result very close to lower bound of PVTmargin of error and result for PVT is different(PPP rather than PML-N would win); however,there are problems in polling stations wherePPP won nearly all of the votes.• 24 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 231 total polling stations in constituency.• People pressured voters to choose a particularparty symbol or candidate in 9 polling stations:2, 206 (polling staff); 2 (PML-Q), 3, 10 (PML-Q),100, 104 (PML-Q), 186 (PML-Q) (party pollingagents); 89, 198 (unidentified persons).• Unauthorized persons stamped ballots In 4polling stations (3, 10, 104, 186). stamping inPS 10 (PML-Q), PS 186 (PML-Q), PS 3 (PPP),PS 104 (PPP).• Armed persons were present inside four pollingstations (20, 50, 172, 206).• In PS 02, 89, 130, and 151, violent Incidentsprompted the suspension of polling and anumber of voters were unable to cast votes, asa result.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate366NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-100Gujranwala-VIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 35 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 226 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 8, 20, 65, 91, 101 and 133, unauthorizedpersons reportedly stamped ballot papers onbehalf of some voters.• Polling was temporarily suspended In 5 pollingstations due to Incidents of violence (45, 65,148, 201 and 209). In PS 94, workers fromindependent candidate Haji Mudassar QayumNahra’s party illegally entered the premisesand took over the station. They then cast votesthemselves and closed the polling station.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-100Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party2.593.674.763.9920.5020.5526.4625.3827.9731.6833.6836.5637.9736.230 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 35 out of 226 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)35.44ECP Result46.66PML-QIND 1PPPPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-100Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)88 8764 6158 56 55 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 47 46 46 45 45 44 44Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate214NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80114526388Male157344794215204226138101MixedPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis402141155201Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,9882739 218 431 106595 201 268 88Male1968 643410117 473 388 541 030 561 244 190 8421 498 221 251 2315721621580148209217209122121611713341 40 38357965446188Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-1001 937 6 174772 251 391 208 3536 226 197 408 2417 243 269 315 46522115513811 167 327 328 017 247 237 321 3993 247 164 296 3220111717 87 331 339 04044 174 274 262 481018029 232 322 11 0 1 7MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station21 161 191 291 2613347 295 154 166 850 173 148 275 182261979 166 209 259 92093121 159 347 04 29 281 311 352041612131 133 121 328 017 179 227 160 015 241 263 56 965 266 92 130 20204217(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)16 69 335 125 714827 115 146 257 3616 200 223 01650 308 166 1594917988444523 21 2117PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1Number of Rejected Ballots1314 164 146 78 045197189123693 203 11990 60103 2772871139171.1198023189198

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-101Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party19.0722.7122.5625.8927.400 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate29.4732.09FAFEN observed 28 out of 260 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 8039 38331441661344739 3931181291311471671417974537632.7139.1643.3545.26ECP Result51.36PML-NPPPPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-101Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)65 6459 5753 51 51 51 49 49 48 47 47 464440 38 372023810352404891Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,281468 402 133 42397 260 47 5441 152 82 55166144134287 228 19 29282 114 30246191226963544Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station189 16245129131167147220 122 45 18133 80 34121411436 595 230 20Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station354 353 282 2024696387 167 394 17444038344 198 398 11214 125 547 37476 149 229 13445 179 207 131031911212259 4485352259 91 448 12314 129 317 70294 204 247 3220074200237Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-101PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS4270Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis601442340 337499 111 85 12180 342 125 47237205(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)151 159 324 399148215 50 349 3738 351 219 64200 96 227 02027035217 51 194 16425419205371226115PunjabNA-101Gujranwala VIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 260 total polling stations inconstituency.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballots In PS35, 38 and 40.• In PS 35, 42, 53, 70, 200 and 246, one or morepolling booths were “captured”.• In PS 35, according to PSOs, an estimated40 supporters of the PML-Q attempted to castfake votes. When they were stopped fromdoing so, they caused further trouble and, asa result, three persons were injured. Pollingwas, hence, suspended for approximately 45minutes following police action to bring thesituation under control.• In PS 38, according to PSOs, polling wassuspended for 20 minutes due to an incidentinvolving PML-Q agents firing at polling stationstaff, PPP supporters and PML-N agents.Police responded at the scene.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate393NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-102Hafizabad-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly for winner (PML-N), but with sameoutcome. The margin of victory for the PML-Ncandidate is higher in the PVT sample than inthe ECP result.• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 218 total polling stations inconstituency.• Armed persons were present inside PS 72, 79,100, and 217.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballots in thefive polling stations: 79, 89, 123 (polling stationofficials), 137 (party polling agents), and 209(relatives of staff or candidates).• The Tehsil Nazim was pressuring voters tochoose a particular party symbol or candidatein PS 217.• One or more polling booths were captured inPS 100.• A fight between PML-Q and PPP lasted 25minutes, injuring 10 people and preventing 50voters from casting their ballots.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate294NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesYesNoPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-102Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party11610.6913.4616.2417.2229.6733.920 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate34.18FAFEN observed 27 out of 218 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 3 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80957659 5753 50 504516714920021716442 398320918119338.17Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis3844.9648.3752.62ECP Result56.86PML-NPML-QPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-102Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)74 73 72 72 72 7067 66 65 64 64 63 62 62 62 61 6013110123141Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 907552 102 164 17317 186 117 3014921795299 23 262 11333 66 58 12312 69 75 18189 54 32916720016444137117367289Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station197 49 320103 92 43 3277 48 301518120919336382 144 353 23Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station399 148 302 24408 25 414 20123131476 59 281 911044266 167 359 23336 59 393 35429 60 270 2414113738250 199 296 22329 116 267 581367 43 258 18433 39 191 28117100(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)89299 102 261 69171108100127Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-102PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots336 67 241 20238 29 324 9328 59 79 2514412717179241 60 153 247972144237 55 159 351298 3721 12108

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-103Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party6.158.1111.7917.4427.5933.9140.2243.3645.2646.9554.3061.65PML-QPML-NPPPPunjabNA-103Hafizabad-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly, with the same outcome but muchcloser margin of victory for winner.• 29 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 220 polling stations in the constituency• Reported turnout was 113% in PS 149 and99% in PS 184.0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 29 out of 220 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 3 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-103Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)113Percentage0 50 10060 61149117501441192444998481797571 71 71 71 70 69 69 6862 62 60 60 59 58 57 56 5652 5118419023110164Male Female Mixed451171Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,005314 236 455 0299 29 300 181491172475 6 431 2106 78 290 0154 18 109 0119144143135142642715511520130127Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-103137 11 690 61PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate194 15 622 5245659 39 76 43286 77 385 18Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station284 9 441 1876 534 100 191842714264258 110 295 7265 17 372 40214 75 352 0178 71 364 17130 95 368 17PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots331 78 150 12154 23 380 1911020111517115510893 11 453 21420306 44 205 102140201108132Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis208 75 255 21295 45 182 14130164(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)2375 6 431 2115 42 348 264 54 374 13143 168 165 998 26 340 12240 18 187 1414102 26 253 11132127140135143190117Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate156NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoYesYes

PunjabNA-104Gujrat-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 29 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 260 polling stations in the constituency• In PS 169, 100% of all votes went to the PML-QcandidatePVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-104Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party1.813.815.815.1427.4635.4336.5143.3949.5255.3258.7968.06PML-QPPPPML-N0 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 29 out of 260 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate348NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoYesYesNoYesNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100118Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-104Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)561418966 64613826142163133131157237Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis249181 81 7973 726863 62 60 60 59 585549 46 45 43 433716928Male Female Mixed9512035Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,44674 150 319 241141190 581 167 067 497 160 01421310 317 341 34105 394 157 02371637794891045879725421961Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-1040 166 373 0PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate49 205 100 01331570 1446 01692 407 980 06195Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station0 124 1062 944 247 821 0196350 192 758 15031 355 569 01047931 569 355 00 168 668 3PPP Candidate0 517 269 0124 731 0184227107580 114 623 02 400 319 021927 413 260 07728(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)18 427 249 00 300 272 01880 295 295 07254941227Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS44 79 477 3429 214 324 090 207 254 041 292 207 271120892426 251071881961841370 472 30 259 219 0

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-105Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party0 20 40 60Percent Vote40.0243.1143.6448.1551.2452.9456.2959.36PPPPML-QPunjabNA-105Gujrat IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 239 polling stations in the constituency• Polling station officials were seen stampingballot papers in PS 139 and booths were“captured” in PS 50 and 202, both of whichhad almost all votes for PML-Q in anotherwisePPP-dominant sample of polling stations.PVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 31 out of 239 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-105Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 8051 514238 37 37 35 35 35 34 3431181421462061981741921601782022282202251645828133237837769 686560 5956 54 5348 484544 4340Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,110644 209 26561 227 0490 145 13465 147 12398 205 1519814617420616026 543 5405 148 52022201413211781977050396587Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station239 303 0396 130 0382 118 18343 133 4309 95 0275 85 0228142192178164225357 172 2313 150 15133237Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station31 1069 105052367 595 14393 509 0132359 555 0556 337 09765873014(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)288 585 20106134Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-105PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPML-Q CandidatePakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis579 284 20123 707 2382 401 21395 326 3101 576 0459 206 1752106166117134316 284 3817039166100322 244 16250 307 030151 238 7100119Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate336NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-106Gujrat-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly but with same outcome.• 36 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 259 total polling stations inconstituency.• According to PSOs, polling station staff triedto influence/pressure voters into voting forparticular candidates or symbols in PS (24,38, 51, 62, 70, 126, 137, 163, 203 and 258).• Unauthorized persons stamped ballots In PS(36, 38, 42, 51, 62, 70, 109, 126, 137, 163, 187,203, 217, and 251).• In PS 109 the vote count exceeded the realnumber of cast votes.• In PS 259 ballot boxes were not properlysealed after the final vote was cast.• In PS 137 one or more booths were“captured”.• In PS 126 unidentified persons unlawfullyassisted voters behind the voting screen.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate283NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-106Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party12010.6913.4616.2417.2229.6733.920 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate34.18FAFEN observed 36 out of 259 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10062 59545046126109132426Male38.17Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis44.9648.3752.62ECP Result56.86PML-NPML-QPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-106Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)9592746964 64 64 61 60 59 59 58 57 56 56 56 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 5349 4844 4340373414642361131492161372392515938Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,47023 626 309 010975 543 219 0261356 446 284 0210 277 199 0126Male2420 445 151 00 107 1363 0113073 1200 0425121348147187163258MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station50 592 504 096 485 345 070 563 280 03823925926 457 342 035 347 417 082 436 273 154818814982 436 273 056 495 226 0144 442 184 0MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station80 447 245 021314722551 314 392 016384 374 292 0315932 525 190 00 392 316 01873653 416 223 022551226 129 275 051 296 272 0146251(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)217703121 435 159 039 382 176 02166229 295 273 00 325 264 047 301 232 016718347 301 232 06220316713818218825970183115Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-106PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS55 193 317 018225830 334 190 081 335 135 01382030 216 296 068 305 58011521722 221 136 0137

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-107Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party9.129.1417.8026.480 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 255 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 50 1009682682332312378752 49 47 4539 3611049Male21314814296Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,639178627329.216719836.4936.9943.1442.25ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-107429 413 267 088 997 160604 124 305 0776 131 104023323123787479 80 311 0213Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)49Male337 43 396 044.7845.9858 57 56 55 55 52 51 50 499481221115188MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station96403 62 118 0293 92 173 0125 91 630142148705 412 522 0443 193 521 0230 30 774 0178198115MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station48329 41 498 021469 32 340 0439 100 255 0204 53 562 09228180(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)519 104 168 049.80Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-107PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS44 4338PML-NPML-QPPPPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis173 64 531 0188314 109 319 0382 154 148 0250 71 311 01952301202019518022812023016115962152 7 331 012182 8 208 0124 110 57111 10 42161159121PunjabNA-107Gujrat-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• 25 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 255 polling stations inconstituency.• Turnout reached 110% in PS178.• One or more polling booths were reportedly‘captured’ in 2 polling stations (142 and 233).• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot papersin 5 polling stations (01, 49, 89, 120 and 189).• Polling staff members reportedly tried toinfluence voters or exerted pressure on themto favor a certain party or candidate in PS120According to PSOs, armed PMLQ agentsheld polling staff hostage in PS189. Otherpolling agents reportedly ran for their liveswhen PMLQ agents fired aerial shots. Allegedrigging was massive, as they cast a largenumber of ‘fake’ ballots in favor of PMLQ.Police and Army personnel, however, declaredpolling at this station as ‘invalid’.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate238NoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-108Mandi Bahu Din-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 218 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 26, 58 and 150 relatives of some voterswere seen stamping ballot papers at a men’sbooth.• In PS 5, 24, 53, 87, 114 and 140, the 2002supplementary list of voters was missing.• In PS 133 a Tehsil Nazim was seen trying toinfluence/pressure voters into voting for acertain candidate. In PS 171 a Union Nazimand other influentials were seen trying to dothe same.• In PS 169 the APO was seen applying indelibleink selectively.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-108Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party18.6321.2123.9726.280 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 32 out of 218 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)29.3032.8236.1237.4539.4239.3542.70ECP Result47.96PPPIND 1PML-QPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate237NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-108Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80122736416913355 54498753261540605753140Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis3170 69 6966 64 64 64 63 63 62 61 60 58 58 57 55 54 54 53424136 35325249158150Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,21653558 348 269 41375 135 650 016926406 68 669 37379 145 439 55133234 40 461 78715188 53 326 858185189205212146106151186171163209114Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-108PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 1322 95 426 13140154 72 398 2856031232 196 83 60111 80 288 051 105 286 092453 40 221 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station653 297 211 0571 163 431 7491 474 148 10640 361 95 42889 77 114 1299 648 98 17PML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS725 230 81 0393 393 227 18635 278 91 0307 335 240 0365 82 408 64189 489 109 11453 56 243 16150205212146203189151185171186108209158(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)337 275 108 206278303 48 364 126278139 263 235 0121 175 300 15151 140 263 14316310611415520310858316 67 163 19209 85 200 36155

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-109Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party10.0413.2212.5116.4034.0338.1839.7642.3244.0043.6947.5251.04PPPPML-QPML-NPunjabNA-109Mandi Bahu Din-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 39 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 228 polling stations in the constituency0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 39 out of 228 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-109Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 8045403736737067 66 66 65 64 63 63 62 62 62 61 60 60 5957 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 51 50 50 49 48 48 4640 39 39 38114697364214192107228227919382109118619413173267363021913386189216611301451471241641781554438156FemaleNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,171216 278 104 0117 328 120 28197 251 113 0204 238 86 8Female85 640 424 2226 607 454 21181 509 289 0MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-10954 516 395 55PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate252 414 276 2120 207 693 820 207 693 6386 464 355 4542 500 343 2449 617 210 047 413 364 37208 371 247 18264 208 343 3017 388 368 16697311464362217193791091071458613021926124192194821891643133178131381863022815621472166114715544MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)35 429 287 17103 378 257 1031 386 318 0PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS68 276 384 0235 303 158 031 532 126 042 331 308 038 290 333 0121 309 204 14Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis165 308 160 027 288 293 32113 180 309 0109 275 222 11139 198 209 1336 319 191 1121 270 239 1735 226 255 1037 229 141 0129 141 124 3844 184 136 135 217 93 10123Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate308NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-110Sialkot-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 227 polling stations in the constituencyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-110Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party4.498.568.0412.6325.0728.7527.2232.4358.3862.6161.8166.85PML-NPPPPML-Q0 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 30 out of 227 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate278NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80124Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-110Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)7554 52 5249 4745434132123672221571333517712152504743 42 4034 333027 26Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis84174371732961341291542191931686154 53 51 50 4845 4329Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,117490 184 401 42159601 2151512489 232441 243 38 12329 186 60 612367133157121401 154 17 3272538Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-110281 207 3113177222PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate376 75 10 38435308 106 16 6235 4015 3174572 95 18 132937310 162 61 24360 99 13 6301 109 19 81736134239 161 17 38167 192 37 8Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station216 126 23 7PPP Candidate262 87 6 16215 92 31 7189 50 87 19154193219168129(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)27223 35 9 341 12411 3583928458 188 39 17128Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS364 161 153 29412 177 60 29138255521423 9223 3503955343 172 27442 14295 14321 16302 1451622141629292232 68 28 10

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-111Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party18.6122.6822.2925.0527.0726.7529.3733.7043.4246.0747.7352.04PPPPML-QPML-NPunjabNA-111Sialkot-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 37 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 249 polling stations in the constituency0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 37 out of 249 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-111Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 806869666464 6261 62 61 60 61 59 61 60 59 59 59 59 58 5856 55 55 56 56 54 53 53 54 5451495047 46 46 44121131602441471742151861681255139222559913168769311720842974361587972838527123110146861107Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,264377 489 138 36483 193 224 28343 294 100 30184 277 265 28418 233 72 7218 238 243 1672 501 79 23300 234 7219Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-111234 243 129 33PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate75 277 158 2195 254 77 1888 331 181 067 379 82 18171 206 149 42161 203 136 2195 340 65 46Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station158 480 561 65181 435 390 73174215147516024411318612516812551392221319976686111020897117581468312327431074285799372861(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)125 624 197 0191 564 187 33PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS122 514 255 30104 393 390 4390 494 286 69107 203 536 74220 486 104 71102 449 253 43Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis155 267 381 081 293 374 56103 344 286 0153 247 260 53173 257 211 5175 432 126 086 467 51598 337 140 3493 164 309 3470 340 112 0137 156 199 54125Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate340NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-113Sialkot-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differ slightly forthe 1st-runner up.• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 266 total polling stations inconstituency• In five polling stations (04, 07, 11, 66 and112) PSOs reported that some voters wereinfluenced to vote for particular candidates orparty symbols.• In PS 112, PSOs reported that a voter’sdaughter stamped the ballot paper on thevoter’s behalf, whereas in PS 1, PS 28, 25 and11, unidentified persons reportedly stampedballot papers on voters’ behalf. In PS 25m PS94 and PS 108, PSOs observed polling stationstaff stamp ballot papers on voters’ behalf.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-113Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party16.6119.8221.2524.2825.9925.900 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate30.17FAFEN observed 25 out of 266 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)34.3639.7744.38ECP Result48.9848.21PML-NPML-QPPPPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate424 283Yes NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYes NoYesNoYes NoNoYesYes NoYesYes NoYes NoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80126Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-113Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)6456655952 5117218759 58519349Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis44403766 65 63 6313420042181Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 878415 173 224 19271 286 187 12292 136 242 8384 97 44161726556187334 165 210 2568Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station934942171 178 151 18125 104 122 57205 78 74 54127 86 114 34232 45 246200134181Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station47252 421 142 0492 96 250 10344 144 329 61389 56 258 060 59 57 57 56 56 55 54 52 5243275 62 345 2212624583136(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)325 39 290 28112424583881361267426247898722Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-113PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS270 222 165 19429 89 123 16222 237 128 5219 110 207 31155 93 281 23167 83 259 42323 66 88 181198153 84 179 18165 76 144 16124262687422891988788

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-114Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party23.7424.020 10 20 30 40 50Percent Vote29.3329.3331.1130.8135.0434.4334.9334.6340.9946.95PML-NPML-QPPPPunjabNA-114Sialkot-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly for winner (PML-N), but with sameoutcome. The margin of victory for the PML-Ncandidate is higher in the PVT sample than inthe ECP result.• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 292 polling stations in the constituency• Polling staff attempted to influence voters tochoose a particular party symbol or candidatein PS 134 and 201.PVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 31 out of 292 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-114Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 807327368414663 63 61 60 60 601072711031322651355 55182776659 592521513354462316626168 66 64 64 62 62 62 61 59 58 5855 5544 44215245135247201167217134Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 937306 75 383 18181 338 251 9452 191 124 19265107182196 213 305 44641169 233 294 41278 293 102 9305 230 77 14Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-114200 220 156 2027327110313PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate237 105 234 20101 145 277 18132211 108 203 025233169 117 178 3534 213 157 23192 102 59 015116677112 112 113 8Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station76 123 77 0261316 116 505 0PPP Candidate193 407 246 23120 499 225 8415 364 4220201134135167(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)31609 138 50 31Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis379 74 311 23275 58 410 5219 9533 18831Number of Rejected Ballots285 118 264 0197 274 169 33323 150 152 13198197163204179177206 277 83 0346 46 158 17254 160 87 16330 3613 6247217215245197198179204177163127Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate366 303NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYes NoYes NoYes NoNoYes NoYes NoYes NoNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-115Narowal-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differ slightly buthave same outcome.• 23 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 199 total polling stations inconstituency• In PS 45, unidentified persons reportedlyassisted voters behind the voting screen. Inthe same polling station, rejected ballot paperswere neither registered nor replaced with freshones.• In PS 26, PSOs reported that one or morebooths were “captured”.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-115Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party4.396.348.309.5332.430 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate34.9836.4940.5452.9351.93ECP Result57.1761.40PML-NPML-QPPPFAFEN observed 23 out of 199 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate76NoYesYesYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80128Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-115Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)418362Female666659 59 59 58 58 58871444518458131Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 761253 92 147 02220 79 99 08Female436 14 311 0452 11 240 010813156 56 56Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis197291388652 52 52 51 51Mixed23108100109Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station45317 75 301 054399 84 175 0305 70 281 066138369 7 254 073225 36 352 0265 48 297 086100MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station306 17 282 058330 20 248 072294 48 243 087338 16 202 023437 11 92 018363 16 158 0320 54 156 026197(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)7350 49 48 47 47Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-115PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP Candidate230 7 243 054Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS320 26 123 02918418380 15 64 026277 40 109 06314463218 14 143 07245209 6 116 0109

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-116Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party6.757.9010.2313.7118.8818.5024.8627.2926.2430.7231.9230.8432.9938.6937.6137.31PML-QIND 1PML-NPPPPunjabNA-116Narowal IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 222 polling stations in the constituency0 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 26 out of 222 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-116Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10051 5116715431 29214101193101758374212Male Female Mixed3666625954 53 52 50 50 49 49 49 47 45 454240 40 38174217187Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,211296 29 200 128 36167277 172 96 116 0154196 55 82 41110196 55 8200 20 80 4921459176169207150191Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-116375 250 313 273 021225 134 250 438 05316 550 146 017410168Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station247 70 190 230 039 176 357 100 2021746130 150 146 240 0152 16 111 381 0191259 34 230 95 0597536140 21 212 200 0572 229 269 42123 109 122 178 211506113 190 260 06564(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)0 32 184 290 0Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis65187 25 105 174 2012085 4 203 147 06846222 6 80 125 0487 139 212 0123 1269 177 0169207176123187215190123PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1848 283Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS817 149 205 019040 39 204 90 06479 25 229 270215120129Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate43NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNo

PunjabNA-118Lahore-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differ slightly buthave same outcome.• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 244 total polling stations inconstituency• In PS 35, 114 and 167, one or more boothswere reportedly “captured”.• In PS 218, the PSO reported that a ladyCouncilor as well as someone from the PML-Qtried to pressure voters into voting for aparticular candidate or party symbol.• In PS 94, party polling agents reportedlystamped ballot papers on behalf of somevoters. Similarly, in PS 35, PSOs observedseveral unidentified persons stamping ballotpapers in front of the polling station staff, butno one took any action to stop them. Voterswere also intimidated by an unidentifiedperson in the latter station.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate576NoYesYesYesYes NoYesYes NoYes NoNoNoNoNoYes NoYes NoNoYes NoYes NoYes NoNoYes NoYes NoYes NoNoNoNoYes NoYesNoCandidate's Party130PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-118Pakistan National Assembly Election 20089.0011.0413.0811.7019.8523.5627.2626.120 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 28 out of 244 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 12 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 50 100 1501447510618445 43 42 41 38 38 37 37 36 35 35945915118237Male17035211187203158Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis7011641034960.5859.0864.5768.56ECP Result30 29 27 27 26 26 23 20 19 181331671041651142182FemaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station20877174200PML-NPPPPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-118Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,103Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-118826 136 133 8551 154 83 101069459431 176 69 17438 125 83 12431 104 65 16355 91 6 1218423720315295 9 8 28 16PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate181 181 37 15227 104 73 950271 70 3190 128 37 9239 53 3031125 40 78 61703518715811821170MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station118 368 6269 112 1 4 02PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS183 121 65 50182 86 62 621813364151 90 15 11158 5562153 5018 12145 6112 15200174104121 36 5311Female(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)67 123 17 120 103 28 479 28 29 716716520811453 20 9 47732563.4 2.1325615111362 2 6 3

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-120Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party2.643.193.744.3821.0224.3825.0227.740 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 209 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)67.2667.6870.90ECP Result74.55PML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-120Lahore IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 209 polling stations in the constituency• Turnout exceeded 100% in PS 37.• Polling station officials tried to influence votersto vote for a specific candidate or party symbolin PS 159.• Someone was seen stamping multiple ballotsin PS 55.• People inside the polling station werepressuring voters to vote for a specific party orcandidate.• Unauthorized persons went behind the screenwith voters in PS 119, 171, and 192.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-120Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10037101921125251 50 47 46 44 44 42 41 39 36 35 34 3214119331841921519544Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,001731 195 3121112644706 208 2921579 214 2613118652500 232599 98 8 01651882061312915955565334 3228 27 26Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station2110421 196119398 1902910410 12611918419237429 110 12 0952933399 113 28 69 5355 143361 106 19 6309 141 16 0270 93 12 11252 68 15 018815116520630 117 24 5875 97 27 2159338 66 1 5 01212Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis254 1687 3227 1261918713443654761168Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-120PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)55255 5533194 91 8 4170 64 2518713447431686165107 26 13 046171342 227 3819171131Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate223 43NoYesYesYesYesYesYes NoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYes NoNoNoYes NoYes NoYes NoYes NoYes NoNoYesYes NoNo

PunjabNA-121Lahore-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 264 polling stations in the constituency• Very low turnout in female polling stationsPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-121Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party4.737.256.879.7618.4022.0925.7925.4065.6165.6769.3072.99PML-NPPPPML-Q0 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 28 out of 264 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate298 76NoYesYesYesNoYesYes NoYesNoYes NoNoNoYesYes NoNoNoYes NoNoYes NoYes NoYes NoYes NoYes NoYes NoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80132Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-121Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)7880886966545023922118319947 46 45 45 44 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 40 40 40379817778114209251134168Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 96580814 99 460554 407 4 0750 113 26 02518868557 156 55 0474 117 147 0598 98 25 0199104Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis74312296810424323711210626 24 232042591563Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-12118788496 198PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate428 177 102 0543 109 9 0396 192 59 02211443 174177112237239178446 168460 92 320300 146 121 14336 172 30 01349822122974372 96 362PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS232 116 150 0320 65 59 0242 157 400323 70 18 15220 107 186239 74 17 1243183209114168106192 93 1 0 6172 70 35 015596342209 501 30186 69 6 039549 108 28 015176136Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)2340177176136

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-122Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party7.219.548.9911.8617.2020.4421.1423.6866.0569.3667.4572.66PML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-122Lahore-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 35 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 283 polling stations in the constituency0 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 35 out of 283 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-122Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60995954 53 53 51494743 43 41 424041383635 35303027 26 2522 22 22574152115176371541091727625112331199129123Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,17899988 70 120 0615 120 2010974436 81 195 6509 146 410479 194 21 2172115409 151 53 37625402 118 29 521214140202Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis1911635542 41 41Male Female Mixed168173248161155239256Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-122261 261 1 165154PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate360 83 70 4318 90 24 0123275 109 33 73711264 104 37 9273 88 21 12254 38 10 119915231112 71 91 7168 529 2129509 146 41 11324 83 420212140PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected BallotsMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station238 82 113 01681216 127 44 7193 4821 3158 5528 3189 3412 1202161248(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)372 84 127 0400 113 55 724225636 1092302 185412 4437013792367 95 30 1136263 103 419230239137733123242230218148 51 41 7138 5314 6218133Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate375 43NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYes NoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYes NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYes NoYes NoYes No

PunjabNA-123Lahore-VIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly for the runnerup but the outcomeis the same.• 26 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 268 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS) inthe original random sample) the final samplesize is not sufficiently large for large statisticalinference.• PSOs reported that unauthorized personsstamped ballot papers on behalf of somevoters in 2 polling stations: PPP agents in PS48, and a candidate’s relative in PS 231.• In PS 48, unidentified persons reportedly triedto influence voters or exerted pressure onthem to favor a certain party or candidate.• One or more polling booths were reportedly‘captured’ in PS 210. Polling was suspendedfor about 15 minutes. As a result, two voterswere unable to cast ballots.• Turnout exceeded 100% in PS 116.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate326NoYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNoCandidate's Party134PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-123Pakistan National Assembly Election 20088.885.627.379.138.146.7914.4720.0719.52Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis67.4170.2573.0970.260 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 26 out of 268 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 10 20 30 40 50Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-12350484641 40 39 38 37 36 3635 34 34 34282151432318648397191189Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 666472 106 74 14 017386443 0 43 150 12388 211 45 050107411 151359 1 89 84 11Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)363 0 45 113 1015980173109187137680382362030282522201719821027190391640 0PML-NPPPIND 1IND 2Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-123PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate Independent Candidate 1Independent Candidate 2388 0 54 66 821514397189191306 141 46 17 0401 1 43 52 432318048325 99 9 1 0298 71 52 2 12Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS316 80 6 05260 82 221221 1 75 01143 26 911159187109137680102071 1021Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station216 37 33 8132 144 13 02153 55 12 0517151 1185135 30 9 0221019823619027(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)217 62 278039050 1 3 0164636316164

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-124Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party5.297.609.9110.2422.1722.0024.9927.810 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 24 out of 265 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)6362.0966.6966.99ECP ResultPercent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)71.30PML-NPPPPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-124PunjabNA-124Lahore-VIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• 24 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 265 polling stations inconstituency.• FAFEN PSOs reported that they were notallowed to observe vote counts in 2 pollingstations (95 and 109). The result was also notshown to them.• PSOs reported that unauthorized personsstamped ballot papers on behalf of somevoters in 2 polling stations (102 and 124).• In PS102, PMLQ agents reportedly tried toinfluence voters or exerted pressure on themto favor a certain party or candidate.• In 4 polling stations (27, 128, 215 and219), polling station staff reportedly tried toinfluence/pressure voters into voting for aparticular candidate or party symbol. In PS100, unidentified persons attempted the same.Percentage0 20 40 603544720653 52 511350 50134158128Male49 48 48Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 819546 219 40 14520 188 36 0262 252 142 19460 142 39 721015847206410 131 33111922104441292515419211623010227381173597217Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station323 118 291 13128307 120 23 8340 75 357116300 98 436297 88 470282 70 22301341023243 92 1513154MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station160 140 32 127140 79 270231 56 19 5117171 4513 1397217(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)30166 60 10 1Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis26153 46 882418221261247FemaleVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-124PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate32PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS153 37 76104 3995247221261Female1616510 3 15 5 416542428.81926 2514.48 09510995040109135Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate447NoYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-125Lahore-VIIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 242 polling stations in the constituency• FAFEN PSOs were not permitted to observe inPS 88 despite having their accreditation cardsElection ObserverPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-125Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party10.1513.3712.2716.5918.5421.7922.0125.050 20 40 60 80Percent Vote59.6663.9263.3468.18PML-NPPPPML-QPVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 26 out of 242 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate331NoYesYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60136Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-125Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)725949 48 47 46 46 4540192159221261444634 33 3327 2559Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis15054580Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 81972481 221 108 9486 197 63 26185532 137430 135 39 3312 202 56 51129649Male Female Mixed4639332623192401683864120176184136Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-125304 170 58 5343 63 107 015915012646192112PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate31 6353 129228054187 175 146 5342 48 94 1180 122 142 1614496325 4614 2176 66 18 0538379 93 146 1PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots322 122 340370 18400266 80 51 11175 67 25353164 55 15136 34 56 12113 47 441617624016812018464136473015Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)348 43 92 13015451210309 13626219 42 91 01122416151 42 28 6224161

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-126Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party9.5713.5417.5120.9319.7821.9124.5827.250 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 35 out of 267 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 15 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 50 100 15010357.3958.2461.5265.66ECP Result57 53 51 51 47 44 43 42 42 39 38 37 37 37 36 35 34 34 3429 28 27 27 27 22 18151632281712426718312021785111758126116375219207Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutPercent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)11257185133157395191109167PML-NPPPPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-126Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,64347 5595 484688 171 38 9418 317 132 1463228171619 211 27 0175508 227 47 0579575275 175 304 16472 14312Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis7127 25 24 2417Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-1262445 218 27 8296 78 294 191208581PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate0 2301 218 13450 16120 120711395 129 74 7322 215 33 8433 119 17 2242183337 143 27 4411 59 20349 85 2 247300 98431296 100 461327 78323261191217219112163PPP Candidate333 73 283314 56 561239 11Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station197 116 3641734272 015552 14 6671853157109167133(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)70 62 52 2 1449 629 555 105050Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS6 55710 207 301701707038274 122870243602225 85 14896 78 94 191642436237 37 15 11641 767 59 1382329 73 2 222729227137PunjabNA-126Lahore-IXObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent for the winner and runnerup.The results differ slightly for the 3rdplacecandidate.• Turnout exceeded 100% in two polling stations(PS 50 and 228).• 38 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 267 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS) inthe original random sample) some pollingstations had to be substituted for others. Inmost cases, this was the closest PS to thesample PS, however, the resulting samplemay not be reliable for accurate statisticalinference.• PSOs reported that polling staff membersstamped ballot papers on behalf of somevoters in 3 polling stations (11, 107 and 207).• Various persons reportedly tried to influencevoters or exerted pressure on them to favor acertain party or candidate in 6 polling stations(57, 67, 70(f), 75, 126 and 191(f)).Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate661NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNo

PunjabNA-127Lahore-XObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• 29 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 216 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS) inthe original random sample) some pollingstations had to be substituted for others. Inmost cases, this was the closest PS to thesample PS, however, the resulting samplemay not be reliable for accurate statisticalinference.• FAFEN PSOs reported that polling staffmembers stamped ballot papers on behalf ofsome voters in PS 135, whereas a candidate’sson reportedly did the same in PS 29.• Polling staff members reportedly tried toinfluence voters or exerted pressure on themto favor a certain party or candidate in PS 120.• One or more polling booths were reportedly‘captured’ in each of 2 polling stations(65 and 66).Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate576NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNo138PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-127Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party10.0414.6814.7320.4719.3124.5623.3228.640 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 29 out of 216 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1009785801948011978715845 4340 38 36 35204131186102125919911531 29 28 27 27 26 26169165Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,7706526Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis51.57ECP ResultPercent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)22188177179155135101.9857.3757.60594963.1636 3326PML-NPPPPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-12780894 746 130 0831 354 270 0809 130 98019411934 9576 2041278457 170 91 8489 151 66 05810326 27732 30Male Female Mixed34758Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station300 173 143 6186102199249 91 165 72665322 112 2483333 6313 74 27 6169131247 46101 8207 80 103 9268 8240 3196 142 31 520415517916559150 154 3814235 8047 0167 121 35 0227 40 47 011513517755 3837 5930427 138 74 0341 145 68 027 0 791 71163191168Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-127PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate8 27PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS196 585129 45 109 729198239 215 479 2326292 64 Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)101347816358191168292198

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-128Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party14.0414.5616.3518.6624.6030.3830.000 20 40 60Percent Vote36.1647.2752.7152.4258.15PML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-128Lahore-XIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 238 polling stations in the constituency• Reported turnout in PS 13 was 122%.• PS 6, a female polling station, had anunusually high turnout of 95%.PVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 27 out of 238 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-128Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 50 100 1501221339948357865 6252 48 471843741102110149Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,123851 92 165 155459 277 303 11306 489 75 6184110336 312 189 42219 484 68 8513413937340 215 175 4444036 35322721951869020613583653 5138335514311118518744 41 38 3630 2812447Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-128320 160 116 10PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate170 310 90 7370 110 70 1013514990317 101 90 16280 135 95 13315 115 70 1410220683305 95 85 13207 102 105 18162 115 43218644715 114 150 106PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected BallotsMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station410 315 95 10315 175 115 16217 115 4715Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis113 106 87 15111187143185(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)661 199 192 51375 255 70121410 205 70 10310 140 101 812420317020317016047207 260 5210225 118 55164868 64 13 716048139Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate475YesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesYesYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-129Lahore-XIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 192 polling stations in the constituency• A party polling agent was stamping ballots inPS 50 and armed men were present inside thepolling station, which reported 93% turnoutand nearly all votes for the PML-Q candidate.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-129Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party20.5522.6727.0126.950 10 20 30 40 50Percent Vote29.4630.2234.1633.4836.7738.0744.0745.64PPPPML-QPML-NPVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 31 out of 192 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 3% vote (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate175NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100140Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-129Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)51 51815714384542 40291452026Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis08595 93 936832217635 35Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,400266 350 350 50 253110230 330 114 111326 186 96 3 03217113 222 181 352169 280 813110979972516103115Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station568 0127760 0 0 0 0 02239 449 314 2 0 01328 284 312 2 2 0153 418 200 4 5 0 05468 123 86 14 11117 139 197 1 4559 194 49 0 0127 747 40 1646032977 26 4624301322 7840 1360 0 05093153 418 200 4 5 0 07347287 77 424 2 0 0595649 473.1 2.8Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-129157PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate814520143826328529717679115103109Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station5065 337 166 1 8 0 018813373207 254 51 3 6 29221 82 160 8 3501331881511395691MMA Candidate Independent Candidate 1 Number of Rejected Ballots6(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)3160 07061511390 31 0 0 0 09156

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-130Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party11.5812.7615.9420.3028.040 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate34.34FAFEN observed 22 out of 229 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)40.6541.5243.2745.2149.28ECP Result55.28PPPPML-NPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-130Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)PunjabNA-130Lahore-XIIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent, but the unofficial ECP resultsindicate that there were no rejected ballots inthe constituency, but the PVT sample alonehad 22 rejected ballots.• 22 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 229 polling stations in the constituency• Security problems in the constituencyprevented some PSOs from witnessing thecount.• In PS 119, a candidate’s grandson was seenstamping ballot papers in the female booth.• The FAFEN PSO in PS 141 witnessed pollingstation officials stamping the ballot papersthemselves and a baton charge by police.• In PS 202, the FAFEN PSO reported that theson and nephew of a candidate were stampingballots.Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100939914189776421422462 61841495820653 53Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 968354 367 242 599206251 420 208 053 334 251 39350 244 32719114166 434 3288422449 49393111020215319121114860108448913635Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis32291621196862 61 60197179172216Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-130PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate200 192 111 28138 313 338148118 308 112 7186 137 82 6183 184 40 13183 184 40 13168 113 59 2872 193 43110214211202153149PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station98 350 83 010867 350 88 1189136(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)194 196 17 049 124 50458 99 3710119162305 202 49 9213 149 80 15151 84 42 089 111 543179197216172141Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate402NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNo

PunjabNA-131Sheikhupura-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but have a much smaller marginof victory for the winner, and ECP results arevery close to the upper and lower bound of thePVT margin of error for the PPP and PML-Qcandidates.• 19 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 216 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 111, 129, 130, 149, 153, 155, 166,176, 179 and 202, polling station staff wereobserved trying to influence/pressure voters tofavor a particular candidate or party symbol.In PS 153 and 204, a party polling agent wasseen stamping ballot papers, while in PS 135and PS 149 the Assistant Presiding Officers(APOs) stamped ballot papers themselves.• In PS 58, 68, 130, 135, 143, 166 and 176,armed men were present inside the stations.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-131Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party19.0719.5419.4327.470 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate29.84FAFEN observed 19 out of 216 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)32.2034.0035.5139.6942.09ECP Result45.3249.55PML-NPPPPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-131Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate492NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 50 100 15014265111Male121130111105 10485204Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 914298 73 257 67111Male527 221 155 111290 894 513531298070 69 68 67Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis1351662021438010658Mixed61 5913856 54Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-131300 101 402 31PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate578 94 62 23106261 199 275 8614358370 224 118 48197 243 251 24204237 185 212 38202130 71 372 01419 504 10MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)68166194 138 195 50138188PPP Candidate321 35 125 45130155227 71 138 2618850176197 118 118 1815568Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS42100 127 160 2814934179222 81 42417632149162 84 94 517930153102 140 83 10153

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-132Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.948.9711.5615.9222.7820.2821.4328.0433.3030.100 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 32 out of 227 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 3% vote (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)38.7642.5746.51ECP Result54.26PML-NPPPPML-QIND 8PunjabNA-132Sheikhupura/Nankana Sahib-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 227 polling stations in the constituency• In PS 81, the number of votes countedexceeded the number of voters who castballots during the day as witnessed by FAFENPSOs. More than 100% turnout was reportedin the official statement of the count, andnearly all votes went to the PML-N candidate.• In nine polling stations, turnout was 6.1%or less. FAFEN was unable to determinethe reason for the low turnout, as the PSOsreported no particular problems in thesepolling stations.• PS 81 had 106% turnout.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-132Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)106Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100606761 5955 53 52 51 48 46421781547925131531115131031684.5 1.5 .85 .51 .19Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 890510 0 360 20 0455 0 295 135 01784715434 3 218 165 11236 1 236 146 0270 0 180 128 01686031177 0 212 187 046 461249828156.11.1 1 .57Male Female Mixed0 316 01192269128169Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station267 0 233 340325 0 139 3305153165 0 174 93 910501 1 051310021432 1 1 0 03132 3 148 370123 044 60 012498285114022 0035500 00023 5672 3141Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis522 1 133 51 074363 2 121 183 067232 5 227 208 06156 55 55 53 5142195 3 252 125 0210209120115Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-132PML-N Candidate Independent Candidate 8 PPP CandidatePML-Q Candidate80 48955Number of Rejected BallotsMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station29612(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)19020919772235 1 261 446156 3 0 072170 0 110 153 0215 0 85 125 02101201931151971931903502406981230293143Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate313NoYesYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-133Sheikhupura-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statistically3.07equivalent4.79• 33 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of a6.505.78total of 198 polling stations in the constituency0.92• Polling station with 97% turnout well above4.097.25average with almost all votes going to PML-Q 0.09PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-133Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party16.5216.4015.9321.7026.0927.2427.4827.0037.2437.9543.9548.39PML-NPML-QPPPIND 4IND 70 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 33 out of 198 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate171YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100144Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-133Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)50 48 47 4542 41 413937 37.98 .79761658167115631251591375311Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis5549383427 271681031121066892.1797766258 5752 513531Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,574970 133 452 161 8611436 35 170 0 130168 374 155 123 0474 56 11713715911565440 25890 136 7340 65 124 0101 067618115418617317251963720Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station360 14 136 0103 0295 29510 143 0115137 026912565300 044224 14 136 38 010310614133 83 45 00112168Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station11 55 150(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)5192016 0 307 0 1251 0173218 0422534295 5 1130 284 018617370 24 36 0 219 0120 136 130 132 02157 28 109 0 9213146 3 1120102031913220191146Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-133PML-N Candidate Independent Candidate 4 PPP Candidate340234 217 16 16Independent Candidate 7 PML-Q Candidate Number of Rejected Ballots60333 765 1 61 07276 6 10503 523128 0133139 102321071 5 8 85 175 04.8253 5 31 22196146

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-134Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party16.4921.2220.1826.8425.960 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 26 out of 205 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)30.5532.4636.3738.0843.7744.46ECP Result51.17PML-NPML-QPPPPunjabNA-134Sheikupura/Nankana SahibObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 205 polling stations in the constituency• Armed men were present in 9 polling stations(46, 48, 54, 62, 74, 95, 127, 151 and 164).• According to FAFEN PSOs, polling station staffwere not impartial in PS 21 and PS 46.• In PS 44, party workers got into a serious fightat 9:00 AM. According to a PSO, 3 personswere killed and 48 others injuredas a consequence. One of the deceasedincluded a FAFEN representative. Pollingcame to a halt.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-134Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 8021611040324Male Female907366 6562 60 59 58 58 57 57 56 54 5451 5148 48 48 47 4534136183110193204191Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 92821334 233 361 010378 79 71 0310 80 74 04Male Female164 385 363 0952001781641515462Mixed1273323Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-134359 215 169 0PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate149 159 482 0183164204257 123 249 023543390 306 265 0410 80 154 0288 64 225 0183 170 251 0MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station286 116 138 0172 33 282 0219 205 73 0227 107 161 0136191178127193161PPP Candidate228 37 217 0233 78 118 020014174174 39 233 00 0Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis230 77 114 09590(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)1417 0365141Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS95 68 139 0742116 0263151110161201 378 06248484644119 54 72 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 04644145Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate389NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-135Nankana Sahib-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 214 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 27, 135 and 139, voters left withoutcasting votes after being challenged by partypolling agents.• Supporters of a candidate were seen within100 yards of the polling station near PS 19 and27.• In PS 19, PSOs observed that people otherthan the ECP were also handling ballots whileperforming the vote count.• In PS 04, 07, 55, 61, 63, 70, 76, 81, 84, 88, 90,94, 135, 139, 143, 180, 186, 196, 208, 211, 212and 213, rejected ballot papers were neitherregistered nor replaced with fresh ones.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate298NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's Party146PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-135Pakistan National Assembly Election 200818.3819.8822.9127.4328.7731.96Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis34.9734.2237.9737.5541.160 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 28 out of 214 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 805270 68584193249737684624920839 38 382671210558543.98ECP Result65 65 646259 59 59575551 50143138Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout8118090212196186Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station7013994213PML-NPPPPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-135Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,068454 304 143 4419186 167 74 23172 216 107 83252149 92 134 2444 208 154 7128 249 423 12220876210 111 152 11147 247 442184121055132 188 54 6114 110 421972 119 361 47Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station236 499 303 30320 71 307 13259 241 270 4348 659 38318014321321288285 227 204 2555 87 445266 271 137 11186196177 354 99 9706327(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)293 103 118 7305 208 25 25144 173 182 045 44 44 43 42Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-135PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP Candidate6188Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS144 173 182 21139138220 147 151 78190232 117 131 1121163121 192 134 2827225 149 29 1142116194218 79 57 2

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-136Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party0.111.454.228.3219.8820.6722.6226.8328.9431.8135.2632.6633.7839.7341.2147.650 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePML-NPML-QPPPPASBAANPunjabNA-136Nankana Sahib/SheikhupuraObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 29 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out oftotal of 233 polling stations in the constituency• One polling station (PS 124) reported greaterthan 100% turnout and another (PS 1) reportedalmost no turnout.PVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 29 out of 233 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-136Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 726504.341378Male Female10273 716712423223310359 58 58 58 57 57 57 56 5551 50 48 47 44 44 43147203Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout71 0 258 148 0412011196 29 75 2 08Male Female77 346 293 10 0392 70 189 3 04915318921521823163MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station77 346 228 0231 1 140 244 0215147124232189 219 202 4 0208 204 177 5 0352 92 115 099 287 162 3 0161 223 116 7 0280 160 59 2 0182 280 285 0315 66 101 9 021120312610321218916723119365 82 1 0 16349MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)201 45 223 20177 131 157 0Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis137 0194 247365 54 19 11 03832113102180212213167211126224Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-136PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidatePasban Candidate CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots254 102 86 6 0146 50 207 13 02132242331801532316 345 10206 98 60 4 0104 104 133 5021810211326732 55 161 18 07147Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate635NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-137Nankana Sahib-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, and margins of error are very highdue to dramatic variance in vote returns for theparties across polling stations.• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 257 polling stations in the constituency• According to FAFEN PSOs, polling station staffstamped ballot papers in 3 polling stations (68,72 and 96).• Turnout was 2% or less in five polling stations(68, 69, 72, 96,and 178), and overPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-137Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party11.3919.0422.1027.7826.840 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 21 out of 257 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)32.8234.3137.6439.6241.97ECP Result48.4351.46PML-QIND 4PPPPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate238NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80148Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-137Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)62 62164397224211668.94 .7870 69 68 68Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis6944155253199656311419819057 56 5685118Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 8043922 76 348 13116 53 200 1316477247223 30 162 15116Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station690 0680 049 701 45 9Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station131 213 398 3598 248 384 23538 119 53 963 213 336 17199118253155221(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)26 384 153 2119085178 197 151 1444113 222 179 043 277 123 2351222 98 104 244993 148 162 2446 46Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-137PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 45858PML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS70 227 80 26.9 .332121542312211789637 59 239 201981542122311140 6 1 2 1 2 1 017896

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-138Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party19.9822.7522.5425.2428.1129.4230.5133.4741.6543.2946.6551.65PML-NPML-QPPPPunjabNA-138Kasur IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 233 polling stations in the constituency0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 27 out of 233 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-138Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 805269 68 67 67 65 63 636058 58 57 575554501555521035831161771689714696Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,7961064 419 253 60740 146 550 50456 168 223 20265 31 430 31150155140146133 242 325 2238 265 182 153555969769150140388069 6864 64Male Female Mixed145196386018527161Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station402 75 191 6492 121 50 40210 179 188 25327 78 170 2517716820234 234 4883167 128 211 3214 85 184 19210116176 104 172 17695210216 206 22Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station247 82 226 36145560 258 342 43379 290 175 14575551 5046Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-138PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis288 139 381 47338 349 1181119627161110(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)60173 523 10819380 53 336 3874200 191 317 1518538110228365 267 44 0117426314 90 10792611209 155 75134133289 41 2228149Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate86NoYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNo

PunjabNA-140Kasur-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 24 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 249 polling stations in the constituencyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-140Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party9.3315.8119.0118.1618.4123.6822.6224.2624.6826.8127.4829.5229.2131.9433.6540.48PPPPML-QPML-NIND 10 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 24 out of 249 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate257NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesNoYesYesYesPercentage0 20 40 60 80150Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-140Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)8167 65 6554183220216211605019455 55Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis1303474713066 66 65 65 64160239512Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 896396 192 88 156 64155 121 201 75 3080 285 60 70 1518321660200 125 105 62 5220118 106 186 5311Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station151 79 59 4518211194196 199 27 33 4513034208 97 91 150113 9 94 648 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station229 111 395 46082 439 195 53 33215 242 238 67 056 230 260 171 2065 348 147 71 1060 60 58 56 5653 53 51 50 4983 97 39 409 1573 278 244 247118 266 206 1319220 199 63 301245 202 90 167 6110520112042166159565514562Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-140PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS145 140 139 11 5 01452019516071120159233010516612(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)39 161 44 127 069 165 92 33 355655624230 216 104 5 1259 161 55 56 0

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-141Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party13.0215.9915.2418.9628.4033.6333.7438.8544.4044.6249.5254.64PML-NPML-QPPPPunjabNA-141Kasur-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 259 polling stations in the constituency0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 31 out of 259 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-141Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 8081 80 8067 66 6525116796654438615854 54 5350 50 4946 44 43 43 42382082551711248Male97140138Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 963651 54 256 2136451 161 112 31418 85 201 192138441165246 218 194 28324 195 126 23287 71 287 211528013679227816257 56 56 54 53 52182109245160Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station304 125 212 32449 100 77 8140 18 458 111401725196212 152 226 29275 48 259 26316 56 121 15366 19 92 23196 51 221 362483825522715224 169 69 15MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station199 103 132 24217 66 134 43208167148 38 118 18809779104 59 134 2324 66 194 13389 82 330 20467 90 235 7MixedVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-141PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidatePakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis492 95 89 21209 87 336 2555Number of Rejected Ballots182160109234(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)55196 51 221 36129118 122 180 1269168 79 151 15Mixed248 62 80 39454034234170231113221 58 112 242452311701296976 59 249 19129 306 31113151Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate210NoYesYesNoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-142Kasur-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly for the winner and would have adifferent outcome (PML-N rather than PML-Qwould have the seat)• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 229 pollingstations in constituency• In PS 83, 132, 161, and 195, polling stationofficials tried to influence voters to choose aspecific candidate or party symbol.• In PS 93, 151, and 195, party polling agents orother persons stamped ballots .PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-142Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party14.3317.6320.9419.950 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate33.5536.7737.5638.8938.1041.5843.97ECP Result49.04PML-NPML-QPPPFAFEN observed 25 out of 229 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-142Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)82Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate139NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNoNoYesYesNoNoYesNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoYesYesYesPercentage0 20 40 60 8015278 766412613522255132Male484011615161243283Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,327518 333 435 41348 138 289 18401 110 188 21126135132416 83 147 0116Male146 75 309 13148 139 154 8222151Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis280 125 437 118468 67 66 64 62 61 60 60 58 58 57 57 55 55 54 545061228 231 336 23486 86 187 5147 210 364 15320 212 194 18323 38 344 13310 120 237 2018018416171195169306 51 263 1916132932119562433 54 132 10Mixed318 48 199 12169206310693Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-142PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)318 48 199 1220583159 98 243 24168 81 207 1010624188 39 209 2495 109 220 34371136 76 208 162062051672262162194 141 86 33228 3 173 816718022640190 81 537

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-144Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.084.065.043.5426.4127.4529.6832.9560.5763.9963.7067.42IND 1PML-QPML-NPunjabNA-144144 Okara-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 200 polling stations in the constituency0 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 26 out of 200 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-144Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)63Percentage0 20 40 60585612511151524842 413713614059578732223733 31 31 31 31 3124067343626 262252 51 5047Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 973303 23 647 0228 15 577 0200 12 562 15136111125288 29 450 15595751230 31 445 0100727876Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-144PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1199 33 416 33155 4 378 81408776 27 394 1540109 31 427 10113 23 401 12298 42 293 1499 6 317 0223634677684 32 308 18Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station71 62 287 084 35 224 18PML-N CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS108 16 210 50100120 20 181 97872(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)80 21 158 6Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis216 13 698 36226 32 515 34333 24 317 25168 24 349 35423937153122113177186159160180273 8 210 23180 8 231 15144 16 236 0172 9 164 11113177122186180153160159153Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate395NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-146Okara-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 215 polling stations in the constituencyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-146Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party4.206.139.4313.1614.6517.5721.9921.3026.4631.8132.1133.6532.9837.7540.0848.35IND 1PML-QPPPPML-N0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 25 out of 215 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate540NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYesPercentage0 20 40 60154Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-146Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)50 4946 45 45 44 4340176312115138111409353 5128125119Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,3873112 287 295 322 018 88 230 500 1180 238 210 186 093 367 110 207 12149 325 325 17147 178 167 113 3Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis656Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station12 90 277 194 0105 99 183 153 21761521140119313859 227 285 161 086 51 262 160 0125119169 134 75 119 06Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station7 118 262 1000 053844 380 490 01081944819 200 358 162 24662 130 264 294 44150 181 450 28 719816438(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)37 36 36 36 35 35 34 34 3226 76 253 358 018830442 4040 118 3164108194165198872001743818830163142215Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-146PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1Number of Rejected Ballots31 63 319 168 075 478 12134 145 131 290 032 76 345 116 05135 19 424 51 81 130 292 09 140 314 02001421658721517416323

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-147Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party10.6813.7413.8216.3316.7920.4121.7524.490 20 40 60 80Percent Vote58.7858.4563.4368.08IND 1IND 2PPPPunjabNA-147Okara-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 37 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 231 polling stations in the constituency• Turnout was 105% in PS 72, a women’s pollingstation, while turnout was notably low in theother women’s polling stations.PVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 37 out of 231 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-147Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)105Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100836255 5347 46 45 43 42207457545150 4845 47 47 47 46434143 42 41 403735 35 332720 20 19 182037815219321914193312313772110170195222014614150281441325044314565172369512120519910219019766Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 878101 458 300 19187 486 84 060 527 61 17160 389 79 079 394 152 9124 298 194 0239 276 95 051 421 65 0Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-147PPP Candidate Independent Candidate 1Independent Candidate 211 360 41 411 318 32158 255 288 152 424 44115 346 63 075 272 67 419 295 51 1940 111 210 01232031419315278319321913711017072146195150141441322022282059536315065121451021971721996644190141 165 49 044 257 362Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)58 230 28082 160 67 080 168 56 0190 3 101 0Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS116 655 80 0235 439 173 0112 576 137 086 486 227 0Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis32 407 356 0108 579 71 062 502 134 020 356 258 00 350 268 044 581 13 039 439 91 32951 488 269 416 47046 287 204 055 181 75 13155Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate181NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-148Multan-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 219 polling stations in the constituencyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-148Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party12.1716.8216.3421.4624.9226.4629.1833.4349.4354.0155.3158.59PPPPML-QPML-N0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 25 out of 219 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 3 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate155NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80156Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-148Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)757216015253Male51 51371641666383Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,136311 494 303 281525330 532 412 9162 410 322 10160Male93 322 192 123Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis55 54 5350 49 4943 42 42 41 41 41 40 3937 3633 312617114145931783129144Mixed1798513788146Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-14871 755 219 5PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate142 454 417 1790 435 443 017916617114 617 331 236393154 400 356 15207 358 282 25125 514 72 0MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station42 446 217 13177 254 272 0PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS56 364 244 20200 335 100 7181 329 94 1028 414 157 2719 363 156 1014185298178219318313(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)169 274 73 2071 382 567304 129 481198 241 361790 196 127 91441291351781131291132191358 229 169 4464532 305 62 3

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-149Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party6.748.3510.2713.8029.6134.2735.3638.9351.9654.8554.5357.74PML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-149Multan-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 295 polling stations in the constituency0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 32 out of 295 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-149Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)61Percentage0 20 40 605652 5046 46 4641 41 4038 38 38 37 37 36261611121552942741092882172Male29032205631909682Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 936538 96 286 16440 235 147 3445 331 3915258 339 102 2343 120 209 9343 258 24 634322212134428 27 26 24 24 23 2220 20 1915 13 131426824389199132FemaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station323 257 294274161294155288172290327 206 2723296331 207 11 5 1143229 275205126266 214210963348 66 73 2298 128 3812173255 139224 156 21119011282MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station157 176 47 6381 308 51 1021 8219 30522121389265 124 33 6252 74 33 414244197 118 34 6174 134 34 6Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis145149 13113824720734144 13116734162 11013268Female(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)177 89 19 5247138Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-149PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS179 48 551329196 47 25 5172 65 13 518319924329104183100 110 14 6143 32 25 3104595977 40 12 1157Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate188NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-150Multan-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 257 polling stations in the constituencyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-150Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party16.7719.0319.8321.2831.4635.0734.1338.6742.5345.4445.5448.35PML-NPPPPML-Q0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 30 out of 257 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate387NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoYesYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60158Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-150Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)925450484645 45 44 44411691922451051521409579MaleNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 872404 306 153 9425 251 180 10293 348 149 22328 275 169 13325 275 152 5300 315 105 01929214018618315836 36 36 35 33 33 33 33 3238108158183145126211132120186Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis28 27 26 25232220 2019 1819190102227642716Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station223 290 200 07995235 349 119 7391 212 94 3377 178 100 3152169203 413 30 7299 121 168 17260 168 144 6291 141 138 3MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station263 148 156 2202 226 120 6245 139 122 8269 140 79 10105126120132145245108211197 107 154 13206 109 65 8178 174 106191227163125 157 67 2165 93 86 5Female185 77 493649022542711(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)136 112 57 5Female130 117 57 716322Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-150PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS180 84 2511154121 144 22 12164 53 3621021611690 42 13 16

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-151Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party9.8912.5614.7219.5526.2130.2534.3033.5449.9451.6754.4959.04PPPPML-QPML-NPunjabNA-151Multan-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 36 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 233 polling stations in the constituency0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 36 out of 233 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-151Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10053 51 50 47 4642 4210915822241353127 275.715233361720132511238292623159.79232181239222765 63 6154 53 52494644 43 4236 34 3227 26 2581146629872210104213Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,05721 746 275 15195 441 253 53126 510 226 1334 496 312 1579 428 221 585 274 342 19123 207 331 9Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-151107 255 152 29130 216 163 20PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate60 226 216 8237 171 59 41057102126 191 133 2486 248 112 10230 134 19857 226 88 14169 0147Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station8302363 644 241 58PPP Candidate4 567 349 218 835 80 241 558 297 2550 539 219 3211 419 361 129 374 402 21Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis24 359 307 2754Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS255 360 76 30238 361 75 824 286 348 2113 375 271 22358 145 70 742 342 179 155011713213817718618816910925412221522011583617333118321212392117227146816221098213186132725413850169104188177(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)61 279 139 118 331 136 794 142 127 851 211 48 11159Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate151NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-152Multan-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 213 total polling stations in constituency• In PS 89, voters were intimidated by a fewinfluential individuals.• In PS 75, between 20-25 fake votes were castunder fake identities.• In PS 02, 49, 99, 119, and 135, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers, whereas inPS 24 and 89, the polling station staff werestamping ballot papers themselves. In PS 89 aparty polling agent also stamped ballot papers.• In PS 49, 80, and 02, polling was disrupted andmany voters were unable to cast votes due toviolent clashes. According to the PSO, around50-60 persons participated in the fights. Bricksand stones were used as weapons.• According to the PSO, PML-Q workers causeddisruption in PS 196 due to which polling wastemporarily suspended. As a result, almost 100hundred voters were unable to cast their votes.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate79NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNoCandidate's Party160PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-152Pakistan National Assembly Election 20084.498.448.6012.3920.4526.7226.0629.0725.0729.6927.4931.52Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis34.2934.5236.3139.520 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 28 out of 213 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 8058 58544911917914914645 4540162249937173734 32 31 30 2972212641917489PPPIND 2PML-QPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-152Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)46 45 44 44 43 42 42 42 41 41 39 37353416817257499455Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,06029 316 279 338 12102 261 204 256 23167 248 104 206 2114914611925 320 225 152 10112 158 187 251 4844 330 75 189 1417999162Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station2443 119 117 304 1614 95 109 333 821236 213 95 167 1023 145 88 193 1520 103 86 191 10637174111 76 148 111 12Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station6 147 43 124 21191 570 146 137 16172579 105 507 338 18165 444 142 204 2048 343 221 326 39390 249 61 234 171391961359414 307 245 309 39105 333 366 53231682 198 238 393 423 238 251 222 47196135Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-152PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 2Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS3 378 79 147 3049897755747091(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)146 260 228 21770 419 71 2058 137 223 98 221871393 148 153 128 15707 59 33 326 27187

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-153Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party7.3710.2611.9216.460 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 36 out of 254 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10060 59 58 58 56 5651 504745 4542104137146176391612743311007363 63 6334.409417271104206119200498515615836.8542.1041.5941.8044.02ECP ResultMale Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout48.7851.1956 55 53 53 52 50 48 47 47 46 44 43 4238 383318321120109655893190357845Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationPML-QIND 1PPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-153Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,360Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-15368 622 412 18228 728 21524 181 743 1833 162 625 1042 276 479 20110 176 480 18114 269 297 15PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 152 377 278 2543 593 75 30141 371 43 1668 195 213 3074 173 192 2548 202 209 9236 217 799 10817 409 613 18Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station47 287 643 14111 262 548 35668 133 97 854 634 175 281 790 5 0PML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS69 255 439 25172 247 284 1812 405 268 848 86 553 8299 314 230 1518 178364132141794210417213739176146161279471104206652001564993109158211581831345856483190203511978179214(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis107 365 172 3557 205 389 648 349 250 3074 173 349 215 416 159 2145 326 206 1119 335 163 2141 446 35 6825 266 218 1837 118 781755 59 52 72161PunjabNA-153Multan-VIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent in a very close election.• 36 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 234 total polling stations inconstituency.• FAFEN PSOs reported that clashes broke outin PS 71 and 93 between the independentcandidate’s party polling agents and the menof a PMLQ-affiliated landlord after both partiesexchanged hot words. As a result, polling wasinterrupted for 15-20 minutes in both stations.In PS 71, a clash broke out between partypolling agents of the PMLQ• In sixteen polling stations (13, 20, 42, 71, 78,85, 93, 94, 104, 109, 117, 127, 137, 158, 190and 200) unauthorized persons stamped ballotpapers.• Pressure was exerted on voters to favor certaincandidates in 4 polling stations (49, 104, 109and 183). Armed persons were present insidefive polling stations (16, 83, 85, 104, and 176).• PS 206 reported 100% turnout.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate134NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-154Lodhran-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 36 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 300 total polling stations inconstituency• In PS 32, the number of votes counted greatlyexceeded the number of votes cast.• In PS 108 and 188, one or more booths were“captured”.• In PS 32, polling ended three hours later thanit was supposed to end.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballots In tenpolling stations (28, 96, 111, 128, 130, 139,154, 194, 210, and 227).• In PS 128 and 12 voters were sent backbecause their votes had already been cast byother people using the formers’ identity cards.• In PS 128 and 227, voters were sent backupon being challenged by party pollingagents.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate212NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNoNoYesNoYesNoCandidate's Party162PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-154Pakistan National Assembly Election 20082.273.344.413.770 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 36 out of 300 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80806658 563870236871796112865754203228Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis4140.5143.6947.4546.4846.0849.7352.44ECP Result55.76PML-QPPPPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-154Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)78 77 75 74 73 73 72 72 72 71 71 70 70 70 69 69 69 67 66 66 65 64 62 6158 57472654870251299122261189147188232290130210Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 86369 236 391 29171122 416 131 026 253 280 123619 155 336 13968724 290 143 1220 323 194 9322028Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-15496 194 214 22PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate43 397 371810 245 151 1428613 459 374 1733 355 423 261301086 271 402 11Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station7 158 517 67 569 101 205618816428018 135 508 521 388 243 213 466 160 240 324 308 35338 584 73 270 345 114 441 165 075PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS12 319 271 129 135 457 47026129023222716821014719430 320 192 123 268 249 139 224 253 575154265(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)13 156 315 10561541081391681641111101941282272802 157 302 718913 267 176 628 152 269 104829911130 111 306 1011 190 224 64 300 106 16128139

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-155Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party16.3019.5819.1520.5222.5921.7723.6524.5123.4524.8127.9928.4327.2330.0429.8832.33PPPPML-QPML-NIND 1PunjabNA-155Lodhran-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 35 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 312 polling stations in the constituency0 10 20 30Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 35 out of 312 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-155Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)87Percentage0 20 40 60 80777469676463 62482576016999199236289140231381127431248464261881415879 77 7774 74 73 7372 72 70 70 70 70 68 6762 61 6050201176117151123107254261134Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 889138 177 85 222 27323 130 99 262586 291 127 63 25195 168 86 110 0169257199289199 85 168 62 356099259 68 142 34 0234 119 86 50 11146103269215Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-155PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1148 181 82 51 9215 86 75 26172361381212 53 111 45112198 208 75 408 031214122 38 29 201 0151 50 92 85 761130 61 81 12188Number of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station40 309 132 255 2926115 310 371 7798 387 85 104 259820121567 282 274 52 0330 76 161 105 039 182 368 67 2067 232 231 100 39103107137(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)49 114 63 393 04688295 88 87 122 41Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis154 251 113 68 5846 228 116 195 42120 235 113 104 31181 173 58 145 348899 79 177 202 1321277 132 239 6 39843269134275212123176159 82 65 146 543137275181 96 53 115 2324 59 81 256 551171513015 361 2 2012672 167 148 8 10254126163Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate422NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNo

PunjabNA-156Khanewal-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but PVT result has PPP and PML-Qnearly tied in a very close race, with PPPhaving a slight edge. This outcome is differentthan the ECP result.• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 280 polling stations in the constituency• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot papersin 21 polling stations (02, 08, 54, 55, 66, 79,85, 96, 117, 154, 169, 172, 177, 208, 220, 231,233, 242, 257, 267 and 273).• PML-Q candidate Raza Hayat was trying toinfluence polling staff in PS 66.• Voters were subject to pressure fromunauthorized persons in 11 polling stations(117, 169, 177, 8, 73, 242, 55, 73, 225, 257,273).• Violent Incidents were reported In 3 pollingstations (169, 257 and 273), due to whichpolling was temporarily suspended and somevoters were unable to cast ballots• Armed persons were present inside PS 177and 202.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate107NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo164PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-156Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party5.868.5210.4415.030 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 30 out of 280 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1007066 6561 611683320855161202177911137Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis665247 47 454017221546611737.8336.6638.5743.3443.09ECP Result47.2048.8449.53PPPPML-QPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-156Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)79 7975 746966 65 63 61 61 60 60 57 57 55 54 5379857326799225Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 8915 289 340 858 199 366 769 123 407 171683317749 207 323 966 205 229 916120227 191 199 6208Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station86 208 197 7402 67 2 221541162 195 240 1321723796 105 252 2233 125 166 5663 61 239 96 128 83 6117Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station79106 512 251 22165 419 146 2127316 323 418 2670 459 169 172252339959 450 145 135531 271 287 2324215 239 343 25857348 257 251 5162 411 50158 250 221 3231267(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)22096257233186231242Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-156PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots625 116 378 027 243 199 179 251 194 123 70 338 66222018625719 122 267 1355962734 269 113 6823 215 128 268

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-157Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party9.1211.8614.6013.9030.410 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 31 out of 272 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)38.0141.3640.9242.4945.6249.71ECP Result56.93PML-QPML-NPPPPunjabNA-157Khanewal IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result differ slightly forwinner (PML-Q), but unusually high vote totalsfor PML-Q at two polling stations inflate marginof victory for PML-Q in PVT outcome.• Given closeness of its result, ECP shouldrelease polling station level data• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 272 polling stations• Booths were “captured” in polling stations (36,49, 37, and 249) and voters were pressuredto vote for particular candidates. In PS 36, 68,76, 109, 139 and 204, pressure was exertedon voters to vote for a particular candidate orparty symbol.• Unaurhorized persons stamped ballot papersin 15 polling stations (02, 13, 22, 36, 68, 76,90, 146, 197, 198, 199, 209, 226, 241 and 271)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-157Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 807620490726966572021091331750 48 46 44712553654186356822491330 29237269 69 68 68 6863 63 615855 55 53 5345 4336241198226114162197128146271139108169Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,164214 125 561 4020490423 35 355 35103 240 330 16263 25 289 15168 15 334 28202109133288 46 182 16175436Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station402 35 6512273 18 181 2057 118 203 625532 101 1000 31186307 32 92 17179 31 701468221349122 41 105 1072 30 150 5Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station287 169 598 50464 22 415 15241198(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)75391 91 305 106203 156 353 1222610356 74 239 3125 70 507 3219781347 55 178 218175220910Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-157PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Rejected BallotsPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis121 70 389 8244 33 299 33342 61 156 3399 214 227 60343 38 158 53205 83 243 7308 18 185 26179 27 254 21172 43 191 20271114139209108146128162169222 74 63112165Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate290NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-158Khanewal-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent in a close race, and PVT estimatewould have different winner, although the ECPresult is within the margin of sampling error.• The ECP should release its polling station datagiven the closeness of the result.• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 244 total polling stations in constituency.• According to PSOs, unauthorized personsstamped ballot papers in PS 16, 34, 57, 95, 160,168 and 213,• In PS 114 and 168, unidentified personsreportedly tried to influence/pressure votersinto voting for a particular candidate or partysymbol. In PS 34 the Naib Nazim and aPML-Q agent tried to bear influence on voters,according to the PSO there.• In PS 09, 16, 22, 27, 34, 47, 48, 52, 95, 97, 125,133, 160, 168, 171, 176, 182, 199, 213, 218 and235, rejected ballots were neither registered norreplaced with fresh ones.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate696NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-158Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party16619.0023.1424.6027.2832.30Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis34.3935.5937.3136.1938.620 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 32 out of 244 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 8078213577165 6456199951293742.8642.32ECP ResultPPPPML-QPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-158Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)79 787471 68 67 67 66 65646061 6057 58 58 58 5855 5553 5247 464341391619166927127125133114Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,144236 297 273 421395241 266 264 2235 351 79 1012957172 351 106 56336 53 113 17199169 386 552 3737699914418216852176218148489747Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station189 206 316 32171 307 161 21284 240 78 2016161133137 214 204 43120 314 111 27127140 202 188 4911427138 274 40 4Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station96 158 79 4112 177 40 412597199 552 271 048 332 448 39142 360 316 014416022250 141 393 12271 189 308 7752 446 266 16320 217 212 482351821763476 177 484 2349 286 398 096 213 369 19148218(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)99112 190 324 5233 182 408 14205171235Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-158PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS101 114 330 7130 159 243 0168205171223495 182 230 2052484729 274 164 6216073 288 540

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-159Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party4.316.186.578.060 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 32 out of 263 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100982061670621067120187544514439.3638.6040.9343.83ECP Result45.3649.3848.3049.78PPPPML-QPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-159Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)82 8074 74 74 72 72 72 71 71 70 68 68 68 66 66 65 65 64 63 60 60 60 59 565016190129249Male Female Mixed80247257Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,02747 537 442 1206165 435 412 1571 255 294 261063 138 290 112018772 288 116 12115 281 74 61447112411411924826215961572053821Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-15921PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate146 447 369 3331 238 452 3026 281 496 203616117776 432 299 1614 445 279 7124Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station19 341 366 794 439 135 09020523145 465 181 2712 215 425 123 341 271 624822311 359 241 347126PPP Candidate6 247 362 194 277 271 1736 191 340 173816812912 235 318 777 227 250 8Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis105 303 147 1815711913 306 212 1812 98 423 5249257(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)80168Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS32 135 341 11799 144 333 1924717762 303 137 096793615 209 193 1938 257 99 722323123517 120 238 126 208 81 9215235114167PunjabNA-159Bhakkar-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but ECP results is just inside thelower bound for the runner-up and inside theupper bound of the margin of error for thewinner. The PVT results are much closer.• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 263 total polling stations inconstituency.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot papersin PS 21, 26, 36, 38, 71, 79, 80, 87, 90, 106,114, 119, 129, 161, 201, 223, 231 249 and 257.• According to PSOs, in PS 215, polling wassuspended for 15 minutes due to troublecaused by some PPP workers.• Armed men were present inside 4 pollingstations (106, 119, 161, 177).• In PS 161, 177, 223 and 249, unidentifiedpersons reportedly tried to influence/pressurevoters into voting for a particular candidate orparty symbol.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate199NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-160Sahiwal-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 284 polling stations in the constituencyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-160Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party19.5618.3121.7523.4423.3524.4927.3228.3944.1146.7250.5156.92PML-NPPPPML-Q0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 26 out of 284 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate219NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100168Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-160Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)9468 68 6763 63605411815521680712229346 4542 4036150100109Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis5220278Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,394561 419 363 51510 305 292 119254 175 338 10262 179 233 27443 45 111 16220118278222155476 51 607848084326790796746 45 4436318960 5754 53Male Female Mixed2004996Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-160PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate203 97 150 19226 32 183 13244 145 57 3340 6027 3296 101 26 121615010010915298 72 49371205 93 31 5142 79 34 25PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS372 100 25 22Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station259 185 38 2190796796(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)296 3429023194 101 20101 127 37 1320049205 441121426 93 203 26156 243 149 13170 201 133 4848257259143159235237197 109 172 2993 84 276 1997 87 205 25237259143235159257

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-161Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party15.0815.0319.4023.6223.7224.4019.1723.3121.2926.0028.9025.8328.4931.1428.4234.190 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 29 out of 285 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100108917570 68 68 67 66 64 64 62 61 59 59 58555146 46434166 65 6358 58 555113590176114210178711991484429776878Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout18621435281091062171270119259Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationPDPPPPPML-NPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-161Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 89471Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-161319 198 247 110 6 14525 22 224 60 28 27PDP PML-N Candidate PPP CandidatePML-Q Candidate Independent Candidate 4 Number of Rejected Ballots422 43 213 88 12 77235 95 289 68 13 41178135114111344160 217 239 142218 195 168 143 24 0236 53 195 135 2 37186148118 202 150 117 20 18783593 238 191 84 18 090138 25 328 106 2 3595 197 139 83 23 23108 214 104 93 7 021 463 92 134 20417621421029144 56 133 117 11 054 14 94 263 2738113 103 100 371 131996875 87 41 40 31107728Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station92 8 67 16 1 057 94 159 129 8 6479 98 72 4850 71 78 77 247109217106(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)522Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis64270 163 232 471741227 133 205 48 38 3427014 26139 59 169 182111799 49 158 173 72264112 156 76 47 72557 83 78 170 2 9261117141 17 51 118261259119689.99146 53 7 0 09169PunjabNA-161Sahiwal-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent for winner and first runner-up, butdiffers slightly for PML-N, the third vote getterin the race. The PVT result is much closer, andmight have had a different winner, althoughthe ECP result is within the PVT margin ofsampling error.• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 284 polling stations in the constituency• In PS 109, a 45 minute fight between PML-Qand PML-N agents was witnessed by PSOs. Asubstantial number of voters were also unableto cast votes due to interference by PPP andPML-Q agents. Agha Faisal Fayaz was seentrying to influence the station’s polling stationstaff as well, who in turn, were reported tohave stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters. Female voters’ ballot boxes were fulleven though there were hardly any femalevoters present at the station.• PS 135 reported 108% turnout.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate235NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNo

PunjabNA-162SahiwalObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 281 total polling stations in constituency• Party polling agents or their relatives were seenstamping ballot papers in PS 11, 103, and 124.In PS 35, the station’s Presiding Officer wasseen stamping ballot papers.• In PS 103, 105, 127, 187, and 124, securitywas not maintained properly and unauthorizedarmed men were present inside the pollingstation.• A violent clash occurred in PS 121 thatpostponed voting for 20 minutes.• FAFEN PSOs reported that government agentswere influencing the polling station staff in PS124. A supporter of independent candidateMohammad Asif quarreled with a policeconstable and polling station staff calmed thesituation.• PS 77 reported 218% turnout, PS 227 122%,and PS 122 107%. PS 124, a female pollingstation, had 94% turnout.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate264NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's Party170PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-162Pakistan National Assembly Election 20080 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 281 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 50 100 150 20077218122107Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis41.4044.2145.3747.5150.0149.03ECP Result75 75 7265 64 63 62 61 56 56 52 47 45 45 429722712227979251239264Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout1219824935258381591058453.6255.80PPPIND 1Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-162Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,90277989 868 45427 733 21525 510 0206 841 12626 328 1366 6356 5345 43Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station334 644 22296 466 3424912227935251239297 402 23504 168 2264227381 221 0295 272 30366 147 3306 160 6177 233 3212198387984152 233 484 238 20132 61425815911911998 961124378 161 06103596 389 24539 301 1144711Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-162PPP Candidate Independent Candidate 1Number of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)105124411491 247 9647332 421 29226 138 712789 1264103127

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-163Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party13.0016.1117.7020.9923.0823.0327.0826.5126.0028.0828.3729.0031.0730.0032.0240.050 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 39 out of 261 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)IND 1PML-QPML-NPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-163Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)PunjabNA-163Sahiwal-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differ significantlyfor two candidates, with different outcome. Inthe PVT sample, independent Saeed Ahmedwon the election rather than PML-Q. However,this difference is attributable to large number ofvotes going to the independent in three pollingstations.• 39 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 261 total polling stations in constituency.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot papersin 5 polling stations: PS 125, 126, 166, 169 and210.• In PS 125, 126, 152, 169, 221 and 222, PSOsreported that polling station staff tried toinfluence/pressure voters into voting for aparticular candidate or party symbol.• In PS 26, 54, 126, 127, 150, 172, 208 and 210,one or more polling booths were reportedly“captured” in each station.• Turnout exceeded 100% in PS 24 and 215.Percentage0 50 100 150115961258171 72 6972 7168 67 67 67 64 67 64 65 62 62 61 61 63 60 60 59 56 55 545253 52 52 51 50 50 4842 40 41215224522221692051546064174150164421665826721721522421220812613521954632061272202066214182101581712546Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,648Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-163PML-Q Candidate PML-N Candidate PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 1171 58 275 454 30133 408 321 25 0313 50 347 101 0122 296 184 107 16157 234 131 172 13199 188 209 780219 183 153 9320217 70 83 271 10110 105 101 280 2473 60 372 710124 248 133 603160 169 198 14 1625 359 6333 660 228 110 4245173 37 145 70 23161 63 44 9150 125 171 27 18144 48 176 3014Number of Rejected Ballots160 55 124 15 5243 29 1269 107157 37 1269 13795 21 1269 194128 367 338 153 32117 130 332 116 0273 110 282 9 18332 55 206 772633131 217 2472136 418 92 19 0224526415415017420521522258166604216416926721721522018172466127635412522021213512621921020820615821446Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis265 70 110 63 12196 164 64 81 451 179 45 225 0213 146 67 57 35227 48 100 8013151 245 41 613416 13174 113 81 69 0151 24586 127 114 85 0110 155 32 75 492 179 503 75171Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate104NoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNo

PunjabNA-164Pakpattan-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 210 polling stations in the constituency• One or more booths were “captured” in PS170, 183, and 210.• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotsin five polling stations [15, 112, 171, 207(unidentified persons); 157 (polling stationofficials)].• Unauthorized persons went behind the votingscreen to help voters in four polling stations (1,70, 76, 101).• In PS 76, voters were being pressured tochoose a particular party symbol or candidate.• A fight between polling agents in PS 127started at 2:30 p.m. and lasted for 30 minutes.• In PS 76, polling was suspended for 15minutes due to a fight between provincialassembly candidate Tariq Qayyum and theAssistant Presiding Officer when the formerattempted to cast fake votes.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate207NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's Party172PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-164Pakistan National Assembly Election 200810.6614.2217.4619.0418.1422.5022.3025.8325.6227.3327.5328.9832.6130.17Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis33.4639.590 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 28 out of 210 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 8069621834917155 56124720382907672PML-QPML-NPPPIND 1Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-164Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)69666463 6361 60 60 59 59 59 57 57 57 56 5552 50 4841 393732101011801939994Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 877129 162 329 2129195 287 110 262857 88 146 154 311834917112267 372121255 121 96 7 620320711515783127118Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-164113 99 218 410 2898 214 280 241 4411811098 214 280 241 44314 144 240 86 3790737683Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station154 24 569 24 43402 86 160 75 4262 291 324 42 5180941531 81 546 1753 216 156 209 20207 145 261 16782 241 161 145 6312719310161375 107 108 36 33148 40 158 275 29157307 55 222 1 2 01210199 84 295 1 7122 35 304 195 0345 127 73 12 2216715(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)7024 310 65 94 261469917 139 166 170 1253 9 37931121516761146110112PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1Number of Rejected Ballots211 126 80 4 44136 187 90 2 0130 99 158 12 620770

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-165Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party6.599.0711.5512.7823.9629.3431.8839.8150.8454.1459.0567.26PML-NPML-QPPPPunjabNA-165Pakpattan-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 223 polling stations in constituency0 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 28 out of 223 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 3 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-165Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80726521820154 53504755185121033501861550367571 6963 63 62 61 59 59 57 57 5653 50 49 49 49 48 46132203748014296141158156Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,111505 102 119 71833478 106 5712406 50 145 30330 144 82 920151378 13 98 0385 18 83 1121021883127996469Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-16515417 107 93 11PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate411 24 6612242 47 90 818650386 205 461 59Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station612 11 294 0512 14 122 0142203204143611591646980260 71 299 16486 37 105 19PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots165 41 394 12271 58 269 66413 41 143 01411321453125 533 921478151204145Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis120 27 435 2915199427 23 108 18837478(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)448 323026140 72 277 24140 13 331 9340 21 82 28185 48 120 1415621412796232 33402374 44 155 9158173Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate89NoYesYesNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo

PunjabNA-166PakpattanIIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• 19 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 225 polling stations inconstituency.• FAFEN PSOs reported that unauthorizedpersons stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters in 6 polling stations: polling agents inPS 225; others in PS 82, 109, 155, 158 ( m+f),187 and 225(f).• Unidentified individuals reportedly tried toinfluence voters or exerted pressure on themto favor a certain party or candidate in PS 225.• One or more polling booths were reportedly‘captured’ in PS 155.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-166Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party5.5510.6410.9515.7429.650 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 19 out of 225 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)35.9934.7042.3447.71ECP Result53.3653.7759.01PML-NPML-QPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-166Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate136NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 801749766 66 668259 59109187155Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis4774753364520376862 6160 59Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 794551 49 186 87361 27 329 018782279 246 119 097239 194 197 0Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station286 61 271 0152 14 439 015510947364 13 163 1520378 86 69 036197 75 92 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station115336 57 341 073447 27 260 0307 192 142 70273 24 327 23290 29 274 057 5753225140158116119204Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-166PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS306 16 205 0341 15 118 0140119225115204172143(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)73214 17 194 651143292 8 121 015844172262 22 116 0116

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-167Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party6.413.234.454.795.689.1918.2820.9022.7823.9825.8727.270 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate35.0739.9440.65ECP Result44.81PML-QIND 2PPPIND 4PML-NFAFEN observed 34 out of 288 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)PunjabNA-167Vehari-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• 34 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 288 polling stations inconstituency.• FAFEN PSOs reported that unauthorizedpersons stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters in 5 polling stations: polling agentsin PS230; polling staff members in PS 04(f);others in PS 49, 123, 230(f) and 264(m+f).• Polling agents reportedly tried to influencevoters or exerted pressure on them to favor acertain party or candidate in PS 120.Percentage0 20 40 60 80Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-16762 61 595512528712315122151 49 474238604133673327235142554642 41 40 3936 35 35621828112026415628430 282.671Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis6053 53 53 53Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 9294132 179 373 242 76 277 209 327 144 171 245 151 218 447 7039 34 185 188 101 2228722112550 75 304 114 16 8606721 100 273 116 371822 131 162 193 16 22Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)21 212 144 136 7 1715112338491228825Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station3344 158 159 71 35 3342 178 121 510637 98 98 4172351422 113 165 265 123063 63 253 98 1515156817 180 66 173 12418214 101 42 114 69 37540 205 39 48 96228826427 68 162 57 9 1743 89 84 99 17 012047 103 100 3921725384912 82 158 32151416 70 138 48 23 121833 145 39 20 06 7 37 1323 497 126 107 51 198 152 221 315 90 2899104215110282230Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-167PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station2841264 52 408 253 24 13215224104(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)4 262 310 173 10 2523014 106 422 114 69 3720 95 496 50 17 242821954846 4541 4054 109 273 141 41 214195209224Independent Candidate 2 Independent Candidate 4 Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS8 151 328 59 47 312099945 125 191 163 26 17427 43 148 184 4 52531 112 115 87 5 6110253175Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate372NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNo

PunjabNA-168Vehari-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 30 polling stations in PVT sample out of a totalof 239 polling stations in the constituency• Unauthorized persons stamped ballots Infifteen polling stations (10, 20, 29, 35, 48, 72,87, 112, 117, 122, 128, 160, 172, 183, and199).• Armed persons were present in PS 20, 48,105, 205 and 234.• In PS 87, members of various political partiesand candidates agreed to close down allfemale polling booths in the area.• In PS 40, 48, 87, 122 and 172, polling stationstaff were reportedly not impartial in carryingout their duties.• In PS 226, a clash occurred betweensupporters of the PML-N and supporters of anIndependent candidate. Somebody waved anaxe. Police intervened.• Pressure was exerted on voters to favor certaincandidates in five polling stations (35, 48, 112,117 and 183).Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate440NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-168Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party1768.9312.3013.1616.2620.2118.0017.4017.0026.8730.8232.1632.00Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis33.0037.1737.440 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 30 out of 239 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 809558411604068584945 45 45 4439205482315033 3225126871081122111058363 63 636011718343.51ECP ResultMale Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout10199291225350 50 50 49 4744 43 423119172234128Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station722267866PPPPML-QPML-NIND 1Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-168Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,06295Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-16862 433 201 86 253920 330 4122160159 447 322 924484023 379 334 27 5181 140 105 178 1634 241 191 237128 79 188 51 19205501265 216 117 69 1255 97 135 80 8126 70 72 73 232318710521 122 163 41 285 946 115 185108112Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station11 176 50 74 10211177 220 499 126 40415 79 80 371 281171721990 431 362 48 34254 124 201 259 10153 570 58 55 2890 126 427 194 3018319912832 396 338 62 13234 400 140 4115162 226 261 113 3012266234(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)15 929212 251 23369 287 141 122 2151490 275 197195721070 379 66 221455 142 102 195 2717 17PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS1953587 169 206 32 232267825 96 203 12 3435202013 194 63 1510

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-169Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.694.435.175.8822.9528.5527.4229.6829.6829.0532.8331.6933.3435.1538.1338.240 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 28 out of 229 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)PML-QIND 2PML-NPPPPunjabNA-169Vehari-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 229 total polling stations inconstituency• Voters left without casting votes after beingchallenged by party polling agents in PS 27,135 and 139.• In PS 52, unauthorized persons were seenstamping ballot papers, while in PS 7, thestation’s Assistant Presiding Officer was seenstamping ballots himself.• One or more polling booths were “captured” inPS 153.• Very low turnout in female polling stations.• Three polling stations with less than 5%turnout.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-169Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)6263Percentage0 20 40 606347847855 55 545046 45 4542 414.1136217220791232612364.7915055 55 54 54 53 5314952145151188Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,083336 547 32 145 23778302 272 46 342 17262 431 30 103 271113 439 43 199 894763143 386 8 238 19316 90 37 320 0Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station466 90 20 139 22281 276 25 138 2207 126 13 328 10195 114 40 202 132178422013610413230113 256 41 239 111236131230 6 9Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station270 449 45 202 0186 33 45 647 26149151306 225 61 319 15585250373 177 16 301 31559 76 9 170 12289 156 57 260 5049 47 47 46 46Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis196 98 50 405 056110166(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)56211 262 15 199 26236 73 44 298 11166110196Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-169246 173 32 196 131888191113 256 41 239 758196 220 35 187 12433315381PML-Q Candidate PML-N Candidate PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 220Number of Rejected Ballots153 84 7 196 9115 72 28 67 16145196153723.101236 272177Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate347NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo

PunjabNA-170VehariI-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• 22 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 244 polling stations inconstituency.• Polling Station 116 reported turnout of 106%.• FAFEN PSOs reported that unauthorizedpersons stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters in 9 polling stations [polling agents inPS 105; polling staff members in PS 13 and52; others in PS 12, 56, 91, 107, 116 and 122].• Polling staff members reportedly tried toinfluence voters or exerted pressure on themto favor a certain party or candidate in PS 77and 122(m+f).• One or more polling booths were reportedly‘captured’ in PS 63 and 111.Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-170Pakistan National Assembly Election 20084.334.334.333.6030.870 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate36.7438.9044.8046.9352.27ECP Result56.4759.74PPPPML-QIND 4FAFEN observed 22 out of 244 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-170Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)106Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate237NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 10017848441291255543179234913861 6057 57Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis1163716252 52 52 52 52Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,458440 248 16407 217 1912512910301 513 2179379 120 69 3391234244132061112436637749 4888166Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station254 218 12 01011 412 1 3411613289 659 4448Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station43 27675 19624206480 450 16576 215 76 33115611 78 115 4077111284 349 51 50312 300 35 3636244(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)289 329 14 069 568 5 016688423 104 64 2963328 208 31 1844 44 43Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-170PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 4PML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS335 172 38 2437162307 228 3 0113 3 442838115122113220151 276 632512211322024168 241 12 0

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-171Pakistan National Assembly Election 20084.025.0610.299.2210.16 13.378.919.859.1511.8414.3913.8017.2616.3821.6323.0522.3724.8124.3224.2331.7239.780 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 20 out of 320 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 50 100 150Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-17132110271111347510610019959 588054 5250 48Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 968185 137 156 14 58 190 0110107 115 130 1033131 0111Male Female50723 133 1 94 12Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)675193147176432239 37 37PML-NPML-QPPPIND 2IND 1MMAPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis3341132213227216210148Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station523 101 3721 44 95 0801002131061761810 253 466 7 0 035 469 93 8 78 38 015 127 189 53 143 178 01217 026 202 293 5988 100 91 151 112 27 041132193199MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station5 250 82 17 119 35 016 46 26 399 480220 92 102 48 25 6 06714747 126 51 87 125 38 0246 109 2 19 33 8 0516 92 73 52 45 32 022227216210148(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)0 0 0 0 0Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-171PML-N Candidate PML-Q Candidate PPP Candidate Independent 2Independent 1 MMA Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS06262179PunjabNA-171Dera Ghazi Khan-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable or large enough for accurate statisticalinference.• Turnout in PS106 was 134%.• 20 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 320 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS)in the original random sample) the finalsample size is not sufficiently large for reliablestatistical inference.• FAFEN PSOs reported that unauthorizedpersons stamped ballots in 6 polling stations(41, 80, 100, 111, 152, 216, and 227).• According to PSOs, the polling staff at PS 62was held hostage by 30-40 people during thevote count.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate102NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-172Dera Ghazi Khan-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 35 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 260 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 53, 100, 156 and 235, one or morepolling booths were “captured” at each station.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballots in sixpolling stations (71, 87, 235, 239, 245, and252).• In PS 173 and 209, temporary exchange ofhot words between unidentified groups wasobserved.• In PS 235 and 236, PSOs reported that PML-Qworkers intimidated workers at gun-point tocast votes in favor of their candidate.• In PS 235 and 70 voters were reportedly unableto cast their votes due to a violent incident.PML-Q workers reportedly helped to calm thesituation.• In PS 245, violence was reportedly perpetuatedby PML-Q rs/supporters. As a result, 50 voterswere unable to cast ballots.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate160NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNoCandidate's Party180PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-172Pakistan National Assembly Election 200818.8723.9326.9326.880 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 35 out of 260 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 50 100 15035484230 30 2953171877651452673146631 28 2513829.5231.2431.45Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis927033.1835.1034.8940.80ECP Result50.374843 43 41 41 41 41 40 40 39 37 37 36 3428 26 2416 1267235133209227171109160168179120144173127196226186100156104236216239Male Female Mixed 5Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutGender Mix and Number of Polling StationPML-QPPPPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-172Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 903Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-172309 365 184 4515387594 90 104 8339 232 141 2391 138 155 183571328 172 100 7293 267 55 10PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate359 123 99 97345261466187 136 135 1987 152 365575 89 13Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station137 213 407 29228 7 558 15348 84 331 1464 363 269 23PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS125 421 121 0155 245 241 12143 206 171 2852 77 394 0194 118 223 37109 281 109 070 313 97 1748 196 233 3065 340 70 16209127100144227179160156120196173186226(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)242 426 5282 70 84 18272025425224552 86 198 074 36 126 2104109168216

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-173Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party13.0713.0915.9618.840 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 30 out of 240 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)34.8336.5840.3339.3041.3942.0043.77ECP Result46.20PML-NPML-QPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-173Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)PunjabNA-173Dera Ghazi Khan-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent. 30 Polling Stations in sample out of atotal of 240 in the constituency.• In PS 11, 43, 121, 125, 145, 184, and 216, pollingstation staff stamped ballot papers.• In PS 145 and 184, the Nazim tried to influenceand pressure voters to choose a particularcandidate.• Polling station staff, government officials, UCNazims, and PML-Q workers were trying toinfluence voters and assist voters behind thescreen in PS• PML-Q workers “captured” the polling stationa short time before polling finished (4:30 p.m. ) and expelled the polling station staff andFAFEN observers and performed the vote countthemselves. The counted votes were greater thanthe votes cast.• In PS 11, 15, 45, 53, 78, 84, 92, 100, 109, 125,129, 145, 184, and 203, polling station staff didnot register or replace rejected ballot papers.Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100114945182800502810014294432015784577 76 76Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,1231180 357 510132 287 286182800170 146 18079 132 249142100130 633 360676156 5348 46 45 43 41 41 38 37 37 35 35 34 31 30 2823220184224121202137145301944216200125Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station107 498 36574 334 41420218415186 298 365110 387 214158 324 230Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station42 125 52314513710934207 173 32978 210 33622066 386 19944520128 337 11540 372 226109 175 33145 333 138121200135 217 150433053(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)37 368 93157 216 127Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis53 220 213163 87 22734119 129 20810984Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-173PPP Candidate Independent Candidate 1Independent Candidate 265 86 18768 93 15653224841941251299250 142 1005 179 47216012992206780206181Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate275NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-174Rajanpur-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 220 polling stations in the constituencyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-174Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party22.3321.2026.8328.7929.4028.3632.4536.2935.2537.1943.4350.58PML-QIND 1PPP0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 27 out of 220 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate191NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100182Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-174Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)8578143526945425750474529 26221116220212720Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis1295Male Female Mixed71165124Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,146154 270 661 465262170 366 439 056 436 403 16345 427 96 151434245218 268 88 0108 120 152 2058 57 56 56 54 53 50 49 49 4843 40 3935321218731231921739566945648Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-174PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 176 123 140 0202111276 239 81 0133 129 155 01272012130 72 60 0317 393 388 481Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station184 743 66 25129 508 261 0233 257 352 0241 176 308 21PML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS99 388 177 45329 128 173 0165124161218192123(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)95336 152 115 02 578 06644302 193 84 37131 270 7773 351 137 015894217 128 204 04856258 121 130 019 413 650173161441411587313 239 135 0117 67 131 0141

16PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-175Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party2.154.045.933.48-0.153.266.661.1126.7533.2333.5839.700 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 33 out of 224 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100711027365462112142013834 33 3310310261647722427537349.8758.2456.8766.61ECP ResultPPP60 5955 54 5346 45 45 45 43 42 41 41 40 39 37 36 33 33 33 32118217Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout5415482208312250127128178146Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station1871221162121761741664090PML-QIND 2IND 1Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-175Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,485Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-175375 416 171 56102PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate Independent Candidate 1Independent Candidate 29731 664 4 6 712056625 238214211328 226 921 726461266 122 30 10 39263 112 520177214 755 32 1415153 131 120 22427123 503 423 41 77205 6625 238582 199 13 4311783 17 4 2 0Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS203 421 2 177 31132 0577 207 310 413 85118127154532088221 699 1624384 2786 4 1 25054178116187552 140 10 324555 120 5 6 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station637 28 0 0 0421 117 13 46 46175 306 7 82 315432 130 1 5Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis590128212217(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)5277 193 65433517 5 7 09419 7917 064401 1001 0 0224 268 7 4 074 0224 268146161122176174295 131 251212231171 157 2105 0366 26 5 3 01664023161233 831 1 10183PunjabNA-175Rajanpur-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 33 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 224 polling stations in the constituency• In PS 27, 122, 166, and 212, armed men werepresent inside the polling station. Turnoutexceeded 100% in PS 27.• Polling station officials were seen stampingballot papers in PS 40, 166, 212, and 217.• Party polling agents were seen stamping ballotpapers in PS 25, 54 (PML-Q agent), and 61(PPP and PML-Q agents).• People were trying to influence voters to votefor a particular candidate inside PS 161 andPS 102 (PML-Q).• FAFEN PSOs reported that polling station staffwere not impartial in carrying out their duties inPS 53, where turnout exceeded 100%.• FAFEN PSOs reported that polling officialswere not impartial in carrying out their duties inPS 53, 161, and 178.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate297NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-176Muzaffargarh-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent in a close contest. Due to one ormore problems with access to some pollingstations (PS) in the original random samplesome polling stations had to be substitutedfor others. In most cases, this was the closestPS to the sample PS, however, the resultingsample may not be reliable for accuratestatistical inference.• 27 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 241 polling stations inconstituency.• FAFEN PSOs reported that unauthorizedpersons stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters in 12 polling stations: polling agentsin PS 10, 41, 176, 188 and 205; polling staffmembers in 132; others in 06, 10, 59, 117,138, 147 and 190.• Polling staff members reportedly tried toinfluence voters or exerted pressure on themto favor certain parties or candidates in 5polling stations (19, 35, 176, 188 and 190).PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-176Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party22.0027.8829.7429.9029.6832.8633.7635.1835.7335.0440.6240.190 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultPPPPML-QPML-NFAFEN observed 27 out of 241 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-176Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)8681Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate310YesYesYesNoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80184595952434524041427160Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis867466 65 64 63 63 62 61 61 59 59 57 57 562161889220511737192138127Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 872414 66 144 125952259 118 120 554194 145 227 8209 76 112 7240119 392 339 22Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station134 222 509 0292 267 154 42143170132195 152 362 157160311 260 114 43Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station266 182 204 381769229 227 412 3269 161 212 29686(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)14 359 227 44141 169 308 2021610184 172 251 2268 323 223 86145 102 347 2217065 366 164 1335167 364 54 2143207 170 176 121953 52 52 52Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-176PML-N CandidatePPP CandidatePML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS44 232 266 18260 106 144 12154 239 74 2270 235 142 161321951471761021018819219117138102147351953712720545 44129 141 145 17169 205 28 423148 149 164 6

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-177Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party2.533.554.574.0433.840 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate35.9338.2442.6454.32ECP Result58.2160.0262.10PPPPML-QPML-NFAFEN observed 30 out of 270 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 3 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-177109Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)PunjabNA-177Muzaffargarh-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent, but sample size may not besufficiently large for accurate statisticalinference.• 15 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 270 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS)in the original random sample) the finalsample size is not sufficiently large for reliablestatistical inference.• Reported turnout was 109% in PS 55.• FAFEN PSOs reported that unauthorizedpersons stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters in 11 polling stations [polling agents inpolling stations 48, 59(f), 135 and 202; othersin polling stations 48, 50, 62, 74(f), 86, 102,117 and 212(f)].• According to PSOs, undue influence orpressure to favor certain parties or candidateswas exerted on voters in 3 polling stations[43(f), 50 and 117].Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100556763 62 59 59531811581612048Male1028174 7268 671171352027521243Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,03334 313 494 310210 301 500 1348552043 210 513 2721 282 421 40Male9 310 313 3518122 134 470 2090 127 383 1516115863 62 61 58 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 49 47 46 44 433250175636251224164Mixed8623Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station6216 485 515 1711 519 392 2923634349 186 642 4834 129 622 734 359 383 703 454 344 111402245921 261 500 20MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station11 299 434 221758613 364 322 6314 264 439 1811727 244 370 16521120 167 430 2421 213 354 4749 159 395 2813513021187130Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-177PML-N CandidatePPP CandidatePML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis49 234 298 277574(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)55 150 367 156 227 292 55202516 163 382 155919 324 181 111375012 202 222 481407410 313 140 016487513714 168 222 115 71 278 26212185Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate398NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-178Muzaffargarh-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 26 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 250 polling stations inconstituency.• FAFEN PSOs reported that unauthorizedpersons stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters in 11 polling stations: polling agents inpolling stations 42 and 149; others in pollingstations 88 and 138.• According to PSOs, undue influence orpressure to favor certain parties or candidateswas exerted on voters in 3 polling stations (93,135 and 252).Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate202YesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesYesYes186PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-178Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party22.8522.5023.830 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate29.7528.7630.7731.08Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis35.6834.6737.9042.36ECP Result45.03PPPPML-QPDPFAFEN observed 26 out of 250 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 661Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-1786171884251 50 49 48 48 464119417412011583734373431 3066 65 64 63 6153 53 53 51 5146 441161542556Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout4 257 360 01743744 160 379 038 96 266 02 73 442 012017135 150 79 161 183 150 19Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station0 131 199 012 223 221 03 140 298 0194158884273 104 275 1818 60 361 33615456252 76 269 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station19 49 173 093739 326 110 00 150 396 319 206 337 211352236 391 172 03 212 423 233 445 42 97 141 374 1314315113125224222313514923873122191Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-178PML-N CandidatePPP CandidatePML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)0 272 184 272 324 102 240 74 114 0238252932421221511311 64 108 015 270 414314902423 48191

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-179Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party1.413.412.495.4032.6037.4540.5942.2952.2453.4557.560 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 29 out of 226 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)62.88PPPPML-QPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-179Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)PunjabNA-179Muzaffargarh-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but there were many problems.• 29 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 226 polling stations in the constituency• Unauthorized persons stamped ballots in 21polling stations (01, 02, 20, 46, 49, 68, 84, 85,91, 102, 106, 109, 113, 170, 177, 179, 196,204, 209, 215 and 221).• Unauthorized persons went behind the screenwith voters in 23 polling stations (1, 2, 32, 37,46, 49, 68, 84, 85, 89, 91, 102, 108, 109, 113,125,150, 170, 179, 186, 204, 215, and 221).• Voters were pressured to vote for a specificparty symbol or candidate in 12 pollingstations [by party polling agents in PS 2, 102,106 (PML-Q party polling agent), 196, 204, and224; by polling staff in PS 37, 68, 84, 102, 113,170, 221, and 224].Percentage0 20 40 60 80599185456939Male Female67 65 65 64 63 62 62 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 55 54 53 52 50 49 4846 4640 40 38353410210615112522012211961148968Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 92437 710 170 7918520 599 170 7233 160 281 854 234 284 21021066 535 323 2111132113217020223Mixed48477177180Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station3 581 288 151138412 453 382 1628 521 238 3141619 526 211 5Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station7 381 389 2322 192 526 8180204200 509 230 2111 278 447 28125320 491 179 294 394 262 61778914 460 189 71 520 134 1522320 378 211 334668(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)16 309 253 32 267 295 9151Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis372 345 177 12490 410 135 1412 191 340 611417020446571637Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-179PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots69 261 182 5025736 344 143 1667 143 301 55 160 297 02202111096 260 148 0774928 155 181 18187Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate230NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYes

PunjabNA-180Muzaffargarh-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 29 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 238 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS)in the original random sample) the finalsample size is not sufficiently large for reliablestatistical inference.• FAFEN PSOs reported that unauthorizedpersons stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters in 9 polling stations; polling agents inpolling stations 94, 117, 153 and 154, pollingstaff members in PS130, and others in pollingstations 36, 142, 153, 174 and 198.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate288NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoCandidate's Party188PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-180Pakistan National Assembly Election 20080 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimatePakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis40.8043.7146.4647.1550.1950.23ECP Result53.5056.68PML-QFAFEN observed 29 out of 238 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-18072686115310221239 3851547774132198326821793374716967 66 66 65 64 64 63589417436Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 961595 363 054 802 7358 314 3212153102297 237 15154115 293 3Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)299 421 422514217853130116235193Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station175 275 1198132216 130 06394 553 14311 530 1311611725Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station311 458 35640 58 94335 396 33276 349 69367 277 1257 333 4817994235178130206 404 175388174 391 3309 189 16375 107 18163193(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)335553 51 51 50 4943 42295 190 065268 186 19258 224 01745711788163Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-180PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPML-Q Candidate176 273 0706520305 139 9577020289 136 3217 206 9PPP115 307 021144158 130 2814236144

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-181Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party23.5828.7427.5830.7829.7335.1434.5334.0435.7435.8840.7140.320 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 29 out of 220 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1007161 6115521317693Male57 5495151216370 70 69 68 68 68 68 67 67 64 63 60 60 60 59 59 58 5855 54534421615953956Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout13930142198143Mixed214209Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station99219181132162PML-QPML-NPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-181Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,232Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-181422 132 678 0209 550 83 0363 135 310 017693155Male60 296 353 0380 110 180 0213151545 263 327 0PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate308 447 291 0217 294 528 0142209132560 169 269 0163639 29 280 0350 370 214 0370 152 377 015999601 56 239 09170MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station267 197 431 0217 130 506 0389 123 264 0PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS397 333 35019856219106 411 206 0139 387 188 0221 74 408 0216139162(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis100 357 240 04353181 288 209 0171 306 189 021430 310 257 074118 144 295 0127 226 167 0181199103142 250 120 030742133199103170171 42 298 017 150 151 0189PunjabNA-181Layyah-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 220 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 162, voters were influenced/pressured tovote for a particular candidate by unspecifiedpersons.• In PS 01, 43, 53, 63, 99, 103, 132, 139, 151,162, 181, 198 and 209, rejected ballots wereneither registered nor replaced with freshones.• In PS 30, 132 and 216, party polling agentsstamped ballot papers.• In PS 198 and 216, one or more polling boothswere “captured”.• In PS 09, 56 and 216, unidentified personsunlawfully assisted voters behind votingscreens.• In PS 216, candidates and party polling agentsand workers pledged to close all femalebooths, as well as female booths in otherpolling stations in the area.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate61NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNo

PunjabNA-182Layyah-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 262 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 128, 197 and 203, party polling agents,reportedly of the PML-Q in the latter two cases,stamped ballot papers on behalf of somevoters, while in PS 193 the station’s PresidingOfficer stamped ballots himself. In PS 52, 66,95 and 238, unauthorized persons stampedballot papers, whereas in PS 191 the son andthe brother of a candidate were seen stampingballots. In PS 71 an unidentified personreportedly stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters.• According to the PSO, in PS 197, PML-Q’s“thugs” were seen intimidating voters. Pollingresults showed 1350 votes cast in favor ofPML-Q out of a total of 1415 votes. No voteswere cast for PPP, PML-N or any other party/candidate for that matter.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate141NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's Party190PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-182Pakistan National Assembly Election 200815.7521.3424.3823.7326.9429.9134.05Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis36.8744.6143.5843.710 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 30 out of 262 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 3 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10066 66 661161932025440163199554821042959080197238191134Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout52.35PML-NPML-QPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-182Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,349210 49 588 0241 398 177 0421 111 274 0163193202177 51 171 099 130 150 011619975 74 73 726964 64 64 62 60 59 58 57 56 55 52 50473328662095219212817326114214495471Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station471 96 127 0116 89 94 0210420 1349 0444 539 137 0558 122 426 0837 121 141 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station338 359 338 0410 155 335 0437 233 196 0375 73 301 019714213417314412819226195500 136 100 0304 91 337 0169 178 364 023852(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)246 193 228 05431308 145 160 0154 298 108 0329 82 101 0189 231 90 0353 53 69019495233203Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-182PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS257 68 144 019471233215203227 153 71 092966166 111 172 03129281 47 112 0247 81 95 0215330 6620209191

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-183Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party29.5333.9036.1242.700 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate53.8460.5561.05FAFEN observed 26 out of 231 total polling stationsPVT estimate for 6 candidates in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)67.26ECP ResultPPPPML-QIND 1IND 2MMAPunjabNA-183Bahawalpur-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent.• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 231 polling stations in the constituency.• In PS 175, 177 and 214, relatives of candidatesor party polling agents were stamping ballots .• In PS 142 and 202, polling station officialswere seen stamping ballots from the voters’side.• In PS 202, party polling agents were seenstamping ballots on behalf of some voters.• In PS 142, 177, 185, and 202, local influentialpeople were intimidating voters.• In PS 169, police and the Presiding Officermanaged to contain a clash that eruptedbetween PPP and PML-Q members.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-183Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 6037146331272314215633816425601859453 5250 493019Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 832173 406 141420 52 8328 75 6142146302 62 9156174 121 28164177714745 44 444241 41 40 39 39 38 373420212175178574018Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-183PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS162 320600 212 20175405 348 395740325 445 19Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station386 330 0169483 170 43546 93 212941830293 307 44272 210 20383 167 31291 249 12178177(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)71170 276 14378 47 58185Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis19185 228 11106129 276 058PML-Q Candidate280 110 22214347 52 320217221415190 193 415815291 106 82825169172111282 52 5127 106 3106111191Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate86NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo

PunjabNA-184Bahawalpur-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 226 polling stations in the constituency• In PS 195, FAFEN PSOs witnessed the sonof a party polling agent, candidate, or pollingstation staff stamping ballots, and turnout inthis polling station was 99%.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-184Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party2.745.061.433.052.31 4.667.588.5012.1214.2516.6616.0719.9926.1227.8632.260 20 40 60Percent Vote41.0143.0048.4855.96IND 5PML-QPPPIND 2PML-NPVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 28 out of 226 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate149NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100192Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-184Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)48117Male998958 58 5653 52 5148 48 47 47 44 44 43 41 41 39 39 38 37 37 36 35 35 333019534165131208226217157137142151Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,05872 156 4 396 27117Male3456 495 2 495 10104 163 2 503 533607 763 9541 203 26 443 0MixedPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis61160751452166519047308451Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station58 190 3 448 089 215 219 145 3813119521716022665119 266 4 270 2236 62 19 544 0154 261 7 220 3039 162 55 375 211371902086189 73 357 113 1843 233 15 319 02MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station169 314 251 032 180 5 348 4014214538 271 18 172 3438 100 0 382 191511015138 271 18 172 3412 407 2 99 9575 153 21 264 181659834 57 166 227 023400 315747(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)843035 339 52 1930 41 93 258 021610191Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-1847516 58 18 322 729848PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate Independent Candidate 2Independent Candidate 5Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS5 258 198 9 184 1048309175 5312 247 14120 81 2 170 30

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-185Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party11.3015.1015.2018.9133.5838.7238.8038.2343.8844.0245.6552.57PML-NPPPPML-QPunjabNA-185Bahawalpur-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 35 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 219 polling stations in the constituency0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 35 out of 219 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-185Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)63Percentage0 20 40 60514815914344 42 41 40 39 39 3936 36 36 35 34 33 32 31 29 29 2926705466249132343630118805894Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,043758 211 56 18665434600 243 163 8563 335 36 34427 279 178 25237 420 167 37118132482 290 530249480414 292 105 10122120360881093227242153 5350 49 48413836Male Female Mixed146997527Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station293 456 25 7135 453 162 21159559 137 32117058449 149 65 2475 170 9 113660434 128 66 4251 265 91 17143366 120 46 3930349 148 231296 150 39 710988247 174 43 12216 173 51 6211 69 79 4122120243 72 2713353 167 45141813203 328189 252 54 8203165173195169176201168179Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-185PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station991467527Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis271 58 552244 238 452 27153 481 175 49195176(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)26 544 146 10141 357 135 26107 261 262 1257 377 120 3797 207 161 1162 292 98 1215107 230 87 1915203165173168179201169647 26 5 0193Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate151NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoYesNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-186Bahawalpur-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 240 polling stations in the constituencyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-186Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party10.8811.0913.0813.2314.0717.2720.4219.2925.7625.4931.1031.2934.8240.8841.2246.95PML-QIND 1PML-NPPP0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 28 out of 240 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate177NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60194Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-186Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)53 52 52 514722748173147124337 3715109166117Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis5352819212660 60 592182121635731798952 52 50 50 49 49 4846 46 45240101178Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,186198 221 398 285 30269 99 273 80 121661174818 99 364 214 10454 47 118 30 4084 68 224 236 1114722712118 105 163 186 0Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station123117 55 37225 79 217 227 1917310958 70 110 82 135206 112 80 39 8130 69 69 115 812619259 315 439 326 472879Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station15 57 483 521 106136 49 413 368 6121210 70 776 74 11347 64 330 144 12226 274 209 158 3010114218445 75 328 356 3121889856 438 274 2323 38 303 81 1258114 110 366 106 1539 14197184Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-186273 89 264180 71 209 174 18197187180178(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)2824 32 443 99 10115 27 133 319 6150163314240366 99 346 82 17180142150187PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS187 143 68 104 21240587 145 18 280 28

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-187Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.385.134.116.8831.8736.9540.4442.0452.1652.4157.4662.76PML-NPML-QPPPPunjabNA-187Bahawalpur-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 24 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 228 polling stations in the constituency0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 24 out of 228 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-187Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80776342882.68744470203668912065 64 63 63136162Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,063311477 36 24181877504 11 1728201274289 27 203 4 06625611759475857 5787127Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis5552 52Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station173513 22 50889153359 79 409390 58 362 0 66Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station524 16 265 9 0162136520 30 238 7 095133587 12 173 3 192879313 10 44317509 39 165 639339 7 285 3 1566190242 44 347 0 192365 18 218 347203(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)205 28 296 4 7396 19 117 115166190153133229 63 201 14 012716638 37Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-187PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1429Number of Rejected Ballots218188 14 2492520195201262 77 76 04732217 98 98 15 02910510226 24451120105195Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate84NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNo

PunjabNA-188Bahawalnagar-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 240 polling stations in the constituency• PS 11 reported turnout of 113%.• Armed men were present in 4 polling stations(29, 138, 158 and 165).• Voters turned back upon being challenged byparty polling agents from PS 29 and 138.• In 3 polling stations (96, 138 and 158),unauthorized persons were seen stampingballot papers.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-188Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party1.663.067.0012.3421.6524.7027.4726.5627.1030.2532.4331.4633.8435.7240.2140.150 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultPML-QPPPIND 1PML-NFAFEN observed 30 out of 240 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-188Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)113Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate68NoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 50 10019611Male837866 66 65 62 62 62 61 61 60 59 58 55 54 54 54 52 51 5147 47 46 46 4336209117136163124101165MixedPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis73154102291792Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,33011642 172 184 332 02 87 492 318 13139 429 129 197 2812 496 341 40 49118 147 236 384 1636 209 331 308 4117932129663180206233199196158Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-188MalePML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateIndependent Candidate 1732331793138292 297 491 91 33121 315 263 168 372120 722 113 33 674 667 27 94 2119620915 92 277 395 0117631 179 355 182 543 100 279 332 47101Number of Rejected Ballots6 342 210 138 133796MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station947 393 248 1671 341 65 197 222 322 272 5184 129 416 95 02 213 167 241 5917 210 216 127 929 240 129 190 402201801241651541581168 223 277 1747 98 201 194 51136206(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)3 87 131 298 1110204 2 368 92 1317923704 2 369 7 1164 192 70 116 11261382202 212 52 135 151991636767205 101 147 5501219212 115 58 99 0192

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-189Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party2.524.486.433.4720.3422.6025.5227.6127.9426.8730.7132.6136.1137.3040.7845.45PPPPML-NPML-QMMAPunjabNA-189Bahawalnagar-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 34 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 226 polling stations in the constituency0 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 34 out of 226 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-189Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80887258 5821712552819739 39 3835 35 351453138117112664641 4037172186185206113931 292624 2454 54 53 53 52 52Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 821101 502 85 15 4382 264 249 437125145271 269 39 12 18321716 272 26437127 153 246 6 118197178172835Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station278 101 111 35201178882 211 217 2 2200 117 166 212263 177 133 5 0138112152276 409 174156 187 129 189 4395 332 64 60 5172186185131163222 210192 170 19281117392811199 142 3512 13182 130 2615 4851534 124 184120 142 2588106 75 34 10 11107143 198 454 15 119947 4539 3822Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis265 365 78 72 24152165 329 252 8 509271 236 339 45 1592 189 222 7 16215187103Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-189Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station2063517892187107(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)57255 222 94 82310315252314 120 101 37057615232PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateMMA CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots69 326 127 39 41215244 156 85 16 0619932193 120 90 100147 152 45 9 0197Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate54NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNo

PunjabNA-190Bahawalnagar-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 237 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 62 and 150, polling station staff triedto influence/pressure voters into voting forparticular candidates or party symbols.• In PS 174 and 179, unidentified personsstamped ballot papers, while in PS 49 and224, unauthorized persons stamped ballotpapers . In PS 11, party polling agentsstamped ballot papers.• In PS 182 and 220, one or more polling boothswere “captured”.• In PS 35, polling was suspended for almosthalf an hour due to a fight involving gun fire.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-190Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party2.935.831.8139.5243.6745.3146.5050.1950.21 53.480 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 237 total polling stationsPVT estimate for 5 candidates in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)ECP Result56.70PML-QPPPPML-NMQMIND 1Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate41NoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100198Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-190Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)666845 433532333511Female234993Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis8871 6962Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 984438 4 450 12661135278 17 239 47248 8 168 22209 9 170 03233Female186 1 191 657 57 54 52 50 50 50 49 48 48 47 46 43 41 392202242325515912518513015067Mixed1746230Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-190561 21 392 10224PPP CandidatePML-Q Candidate55271 3 645 26465 9 376 69527 15 289 8443 5 353 8378 17 399 13MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station123 265 388 15539 17 211 29464 11 252 01301791256715917430PML-N CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots441 677 13364 15 292 25150237330 8 331 23220 28 354 18149 4 424 11358 6 216 1254 0 290 018518249208232(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)182237179208215123330 500 022062204 4 295 6191 7 269 25322 4 30 14215123

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-191Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party0.721.993.195.670 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 32 out of 255 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)42.7144.3946.8245.9649.2748.6850.94ECP Result54.15PPPPML-QPML-NPunjabNA-191Bahawalnagar-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 32 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 255 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 11 and 182, polling station staffreportedly stamped ballot papers .• In PS 137 PSOs reported that voters wereinfluenced/pressured to vote for candidateRauf Khalid by the Nazim of Union Council62. The vote count also exceeded the actualamount of cast votes. In the same pollingstation, a substantial quantity of votersremained unable to cast their votes due to aviolent incident.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-191Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60686056472151034151804706037 360 050471834115373429 28 266313715234115955 555148 48 47 46Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 9590 516 409 18685128 443 415 010 353 348 09 236 273 4215103802 257 255 85 425 30 43470600182Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station17 450 394 014 272 390 179 244 338 085 169 239 2418315223 230 246 143415119 231 253 182 139 209 7137Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station9 599 351 0419 589 357 0876 505 382 2415 378 434 12244224874 631 184 622 332 482 06 220 505 173 212 505 09 342 320 6243 42 41 40 4033 3224422419917622711412416914616419182737Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-191PML-N CandidatePML-Q CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis12 326 327 020 320 307 4124182169199146176(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)3713 275 243 01 251 268 528164251 3 247 06 224 207 042 170 157 51911140 244 3402272722121121199Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate43NoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNo

PunjabNA-192Rahimyar Khan-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differssignificantly for first-runner up candidate(PML-F), but same election outcome.• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 297 total polling stations inconstituency.• All the votes in PS 268 went to the PML-Fcandidate.• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotpapers in seven polling stations [4, 86, 130,177, 251 and 288 (relatives of candidates,polling staff, or voters); 268 (party pollingagents)].• Unauthorized persons were pressuringvoters to choose a particular party symbol orcandidate and trying to influence polling stationofficials in five polling stations: 165 (NaimNazim Ghafar Shah, UC 118); 140 (UC NazimZamin Shah); 288 (unidentified persons).• Unauthorized persons went behind the votingscreens to help voters in nine polling stations(4, 94, 111, 140, 151, 183, 220, 268 and 288).Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate168NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYesNoPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-192Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party20020.0225.1425.1426.680 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate28.49FAFEN observed 31 out of 297 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 6043252Male6030.2731.97Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis34.1238.7740.9041.57ECP Result45.5854 52 5146 46 46 45 45 4442 4240 40 40 39 3936 36 35 35 35 34 3328 28 26 252022722225194452833826812782288183250Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout5511186Mixed151103170140177Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station411651302201821384189PPPPML-FPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-192Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 866Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-192150 190 255 8252Male107 301 401 57283132 737 25217 165 351 18362 170 96 726811110394390 14 214 12160 198 245 11PPP CandidatePML-F Candidate160 198 245 18150 190 255 8248 130 222 14248 130 222 14190 200 79 50455 55 3262504525118218328815155267 98 180 0MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station179 82 268 11180 228 107 32127227193 31 282 17PML-Q CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots296 5 192 9298 78 107 8106 302 66 013086165140(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)82258 90 86 22200 105 104 1217038103 184 109 18131 104 145 36138278 45 23 10441186 95 79 268 186 88 068 185 88 31178 84 78 0209 112 12 1213282107 34 49 57220222177189282

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-193Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.688.5210.3813.4717.8517.0818.5423.7123.6026.590 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 26 out of 256 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 805241197252Male8631.0630.5737.4339.3842.12ECP Result47.7057 5654 53 5248 47 46 46 44 42 4138 38 3837 37 36 35 33 312610816716323584Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout1058914814315220112697Mixed18930246199224135Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station82710367PPPPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results AnalysisPML-QPML-NPML-FTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-193Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 893Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-19331 720 286 517 403 103 26 33197252MalePML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidatePML-F Candidate265 417 157 4212889134 321 262 60 2066 267 217 156 2115227200 305 146 43 2612 247 10 428 26129 169 369 18 013516724 161 91 362 71126133 330 133 16 73148Number of Rejected Ballots84 156 347 4 418 398 124 56 25MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station55 125 238 127 28206 104 238 144143199189(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)97125 230 185 01417110 74 33023530236 89 173 18 722630 222 225184 92 137 48 1231487 200 15541142 74 304514174 41 21692 287 29146410206 27 139201108842241631010511 37111 221246671429 34 69 831201PunjabNA-193Rahimyar Khan-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 256 total polling stations in constituency.• In PS 30, 84, 89, 105, 143, 199, 197, 199 and235, one or more polling booths were “captured”at each station.• In PS 105, a party polling agent’s familymembers reportedly stamped ballot papers onbehalf of some voters, while in PS 135 partypolling agents stamped some voters’ ballots.In PS 27 and 148, some unauthorized personsstamped ballots .• Pressure was exerted on voters to favor certaincandidates In polling stations (10, 105, 148, 152,and 189).• In PS 27, polling ended prematurely at thefemale’ station due to timely quarrels/fights atone of the polling booths, Initiated by PML-Qagents.• In PS 97, a clash between two groups reportedlyerupted at 4:30 PM, in which 6 persons wereinjured. Polling was suspended for 30 minutes.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate360NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNo

PunjabNA-194Rahimyar Khan-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 281 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 38, 87, 103, 159, and 234, unauthorizedpersons were seen stamping ballot papers .In PS 277, PSOs reported that a PPP agentstamped ballots on some voters’ behalf. In PS39, polling station staff reportedly stampedballot papers themselves, whereas in PS 21,147 and 273, unidentified persons stampedballots on behalf of some voters.• In PS 265, polling station staff reportedly triedto influence/pressure voters into voting for aparticular candidate or party symbol. The votecount also exceeded the actual number of castvotes. In the same polling station, a PPP agentreportedly created a little trouble, however,it did not last long. According to PSOs,Muhammad Asghar of the PML-Q pressuredthe station’s Presiding Officer to cast 10 fakevotes.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate405NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-194Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party20217.5022.0923.9226.470 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate28.97FAFEN observed 31 out of 281 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80405242 42 42 4037122279927328Male2612429.77Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis6635.6135.8435.4541.8843.47ECP Result51.3457 5648 484544 4341 4039 3937 37 3734 32 3126 26 24201521264514775Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout276902771265234159Mixed13498Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station211833987103250244PPPPML-QPML-FTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-194Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,010262 134 335 164028Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-194218 139 143 3267 87 143 41387 96 1 50227273223Male234 166261109 43 261 209924182 54 4127PPP CandidatePML-F Candidate143 235 620 124251 115 578 215126449 225 82 21281 434 29 39277124 47 489 1712347554 519 73 11309 137 177 21MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station499 76 18 22364 150 54 1896 401 66 38PML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS293 247 6 572769024425039246 168 74 9264 119 98 21410 511619213 151 6210147152265(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)93 153 187 162198146 97 175 25123 74 138 3196 47 87 15177 89 62 15247 54 28159871031341836.43.8384882 156 25 2 222 283 0 738481 2 1 8 513

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-195Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party2.064.314.336.5513.3721.7530.1431.790 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 33 out of 210 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 50 100 1502049Female1458858.3762.4472.34ECP Result82.24PML-FPPPPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-195Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)74686357 5653 52 51 49 49 49 49 49 47 47 46 46 46 44 43 43 43 42 42 41 403632 3215162190129166277112633147848196178156Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 4,527604 7922920Female0 64491 3032213 845 231621904 1 1199 94 3 1048 260 999 41471661452213521Mixed1452091387719501140Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station53137126 6667176358 56 507 332856 577 70157 183 519 4015633540 429 61 113614 693 9178209525 5 306221297721 3 6 3 542 30421 12371 2712879560114143434 4 371 2320 8 9 3 437 42663808335 625 268 4421 492 12413 645 2413 645 013MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station2213582174Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis512 46138144140196(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)84228211 233 321280 56 289 28 184442518 371927126877476Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-195PPP CandidatePML-F CandidatePML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS2216369 323 21 0455 10 72 29054 379 0144588750588114333 340161185 162 326524 17181203PunjabNA-195Rahimyar Khan-IVObservation Notes• In the PVT’s statistically robust sample of 33out of a total of 210 (16%) polling stationsin the constituency, the ECP results lie justoutside the PVT’s margin of error for thewinner (PMLF) and runner up (PPP), but theoutcome is the same.• 33 polling stations in sample out of a total of210 polling stations in constituency• PVT margin of error is high as a result of highlevels of variance in vote percentages acrosspolling stations. For example, some pollingstations have high vote percentages for PMLFand low for PPP, while others have largenumbers of votes for PPP and very few forPMLF.• One polling station had a 145% turnout infavor of PML-F (4,491 votes) compared toaverage constituency turnout of 51%.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballots in 9polling stations (18, 20, 21, 71, 128, 129, 135,145, and 178).Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate643NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYes

PunjabNA-196Rahimyar Khan-VObservation Notes• PPVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 31 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 231 polling stations inconstituency.• Reported turnout in PS 24 was 106%.• FAFEN PSOs reported that unauthorizedpersons stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters in 7 polling stations: polling staffmembers in PS 203; others in polling stations72, 100, 155, 169 and 216.• According to PSOs, undue influence orpressure to favor certain parties or candidateswas exerted on voters in 5 polling stations[52(f), 78(f), 93, 193 and 203(m+f)].• FAFEN PSOs were not allowed to enter andobserve in PS 64.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate395NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's Party204PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-196Pakistan National Assembly Election 200810.8013.6616.5214.447.8710.5713.2613.0627.970 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT Estimate32.6533.53Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis34.4237.0439.5040.86ECP Result46.35PPPIND 5PML-NPML-QFAFEN observed 31 out of 231 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-19624106985422615540 39 36 35 352945291493203552296932 31 30 2926 25232001565852722064443878696050 49 46 46 43 42 393429Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,78624546 175 332 733 0224 330 148 900 46338 62 133 287 022629300 48 115 350 0149345319 37 160 218 15303 42 139 272 7Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)428 116 25 1130Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station291 3719 238 015520355232 19104 192 12127 560 139 1972 170 66 454 0337 39664371565258205 3 71 1 4 82 0118 4277 157 0722064127 54 56 139 0144 22 9 1 1 10121 66 78 89044387872 71 89 11 0 1012 5 35 50 62 01700418 237 47 204 0218 45 292 318 0513 67 161 94 0701 24455412191207216141193143181198Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-196PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate PML-N CandidateIndependent Candidate 5Number of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station17019188(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)19837 22 246 18480528 39 15 73 22279 14 6 58 181 0413 37 114 82033 28 211 088361207141143216181223 30 81 12701931051081055 49 64 0105108

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-197Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party32.6638.6536.8044.6453.2659.5456.260 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 35 out of 219 total polling stationsPVT estimate for 8 candidates in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 6067484116.673165.82ECP Result605451 50 50 50 49 49 49 47 46 46 46 46 45 44 44 43 42 4137 37 37 36 34 34 3329282523214257674146137156149132210158197Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout6396162976053182115102199116101Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationPML-NPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-197Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,130638 242 0167Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-197406 149 2486 1947350 95 72531238 161 0205 88 22214602 528 0PML-N CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS354 651 0665 249 2976348747660683 243 21411 508 0551 338 18Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station336 527 0501 340 0720 107 37598 228 0182162132158294 523 165396546 257 18443 320 0127 467 19520 126 0224 421 013101146149102507 122 12505 91 31Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis268 318 3290116156(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)472 110 0498 6902390PML-Q Candidate493 83 47442 119 0293 236 130175190112 395 24813248 216 023115175210197137199368 98 3418 413 012105105 119 29190105205PunjabNA-197Rahimyar Khan-VIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 35 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 219 polling stations in the constituency• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotsin PS 31, 53, 67, 116 (party polling agents),156 (party polling agents), 162 and 182.• Armed men were present inside of PS 175.• A fight broke out between supporters of twoindependent candidates (Shaukat Dawoodand Chaudhry Shafeeque), interrupting pollingfor 15 minutes.• In PS 76, someone snatched a ballot from afemale voter and tore it up.• In PS 53 and 158, voters were being pressuredto vote for a particular candidate or partysymbol.• In PS 1 and 158, voters were turned away afterbeing challenged by polling agents.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate296NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

Section IVSindhNA-198 to NA-258

SINDHNA-198Sukkur/Shikarpur-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 226 polling stations in the constituency• In PS 151 and 193, polling station staff wereseen trying to influence/pressure voters infavor of a particular candidate or party symbol.In PS 208, unidentified person/s were seenattempting the same.• Unauthorized persons reportedly stampedballot papers in 7 polling stations (24, 71, 122,151, 174,179 and 208).• According to PSOs, polling was suspended inPS 208 for two hours due to a fight betweenMQM agents and the station’s PresidingOfficer.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-198Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party1.303.633.055.9613.1818.3420.7723.500 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 27 out of 226 total polling stations62.4467.3370.13ECP ResultEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 16 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)77.82PPPPML-QJUISPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate69NoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80208Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-198Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)595752 50 50 48 464016517669711048536 3613312815114340 3936 34 3229 27214458162491Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 794405 320 42 216985140 300 161 1947380 302376 52 10 1213310412871436 2 1421Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis19328Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station344 81 3 21362 29417354 287 0253 81 1 6176165143151512 163 0242 110 40111931624181 117 36 14203 5298Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station784591(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)3 0307217 53 7 15276 1 2 542898 90 35 067408 90 21 1254690 69 4314812426 176 14444138 38 3733Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-1987 86174 1PPP CandidateJUI-Sami-ul-Haq CandidatePML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS489 101 2 64174122226179161219213205208427 109 1 1116 28198 147122179161174205208213230 87 5 52971013191 76 5 16226219

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-200Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party7.499.0812.8718.2423.5421.7533.5839.4738.000 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate49.29FAFEN observed 24 out of 260 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 14 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)63.25ECP Result77.20PPPPML-QIND 2Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-200Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)SINDHNA-200Ghotki-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly, with the same outcome but amuch larger victory for the PPP.• 24 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 260 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 7 and 259, ballot papers were stampedby unauthorized/armed men.• In PS 88, polling station staff stamped ballotpapers.• In PS 194, 211 and 259, one or more pollingbooths were “captured”.• In PS 92 and 259, voters were forced to casttheir votes in favor of a particular candidate, atgun point in case of the latter station.• In PS 259, polling station staff were beatenand party polling agents tortured by UnionCouncil Nazim and his aides.Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1005418793 9352259194292133026202128887062 61 60 60 5852 51 5118484158821153Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,258578 64801870 1258 0921441 8 0403 18641671347 47Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station3414147 17125919429213228 157117212892 10 40 10 914 0 8 8Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station23 513740455 323 40 0507 143 83 36412 80 225 103169 172 330 2818418202115384448 77 110 16470 58 102 22484 6 110 7433938 38 371682018922102762Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-200PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 2PML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS105106Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis157 217 155 431061051362(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)379 50 91 17715362 40 116 3188395 52 45 142216223 18121092191 164 353027298 7 36 2680 197 74 20168209Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate136NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNo

SINDHNA-201Ghotki-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 34 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 254 total polling stations inconstituency• In 2 polling stations (146 and 217), pollingstaff were seen stamping ballot papers onbehalf of voters, while in 2 others (01 and 187),some voters’ relatives or companions wereseen doing the same. In PS 30, 156 and 240,polling agents or other unidentified personswere seen stamping ballots. In PS 149, anindependent candidate reportedly stampedsome ballots himself.• Unidentified persons unlawfully assisted votersbehind voting screens in 13 polling stations(01, 30, 58, 139, 146, 149, 153, 156, 179, 187,211, 238 and 240).PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-201Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party27.2938.9241.000 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate49.01FAFEN observed 34 out of 254 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)50.5460.6859.00ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-201Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)72.35IND 1PPPPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate118NoYesYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 1002107263585314958306Male Female93 9289 8774 7366 6558 5854 52 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 46 46 43 42 40 40 38 362823 22194227146211190238217133160179223Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,21584 583 23149283 356 07258421 166 19127 107 116Male Female0 1165 5011 1096 19194190Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis30225103115380Mixed15696139205241208184209187170240624Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-201PPP Candidate Independent Candidate 1Number of Rejected Ballots0 1054 0652 352 23127 837 22712 119 814621722710353 714 343507 231 7211156497 238 20130584 129 5164 413 2MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station76 488 36389 120 39358 120 53284 176 131841392401532230 456 8318 135 4780179225(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)91 358 0380 551124196262 119 78 358 938 320 072 284 39100 237 26205 127 3816020823820513310 305 3170206 82 04205 404107 136 2162209187100 111 5

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-202Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party9.2210.5016.6022.7823.9831.910 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate35.32FAFEN observed 26 out of 189 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1007745371861491386688601044413833 33 32 319.51253527123189339.59746344.4344.5547.86ECP Result5953 5349 49Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout1441851109082111175729552Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station56.95PPPNPPMMATurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-202Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,331Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-202108 89 943 12132 132 414 0121 15 455 2018614913831074 0 0PPP CandidateNational People's Party Candidate543 39 119 2488106035333 104 33 19297 9 65 6110 53 207 21189 38 130 65 51277 1226 7 2681251232718Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station70 11447457 636 223 15122 64 866 15736 10 233 25155 536 223 2111018572111MMA CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)9 109 715 617552321 235 157 1843 41 40 4032 29130113105169Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis443 101 78 2111395350 36 240 75121 171 243 0328 11 132 36249 85 100 481309047213 187 29 2128 43 126 04736132022010516982211SINDHNA-202ShikarpurObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but high PVT margin of errordue to high variation in vote percentages indifferent polling stations between PPP and NPP.Although ECP result is within the PVT’s marginof error, the PVT outcome would be differentfrom the ECP’s.• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 189 total polling stations in constituency.• In PS 88, 138, 149, 185, and 186, unidentifiedpersons stamped ballot papers while in PS 95unauthorized persons stamped ballot papers.In PS 105, a party polling agent stamped ballotpapers.• In PS 88 the vote count exceeded the realnumber of cast votes, and 100% of votes wentto PPP.• In PS 95 party polling agents tried to influence/pressure voters into siding with a particularparty, while in PS 185 and 186 polling stationstaff themselves tried to convince voters to votefor a particular candidate or party symbol.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate133NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

SINDHNA-203Shikarpur/SukkurObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations in sample out of a total of175 polling stations• One or more polling booths were captured inPS 14, 33, 52, 67, 94, 109, 150, and 157.• In PS 33, polling station officials werestamping ballots themselves. In PS 67, oneperson was killed and five injured in violence.• In PS 33 and 52, very few women voted at thefemale booth but the ballot boxes in thosebooths were full.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-203Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party6.9718.2629.5530.000 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 26 out of 175 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)67.6170.0078.67ECP Result89.74PML-QPPPPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate99NoYesYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 50 100 150212Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-203Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)9514147112510994752912811115094 94Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis6711673 7161 5953 53 49 45 42 41 4029 283526154268125102Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,6824 1449 8141809 5281229 1453 0109940 572 6208 340 712861157517413Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station670 1466 340 1248 093 713 815011626Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station26 736 180 730 4012568605 116 60 694 306151358 297 323 567 7427415356 270 475 483 2637 459 01573520 426 80 290 23205 174 9102101(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)1011 318 416222 21 187.5 3.4Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-203PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected BallotsPML-Q Candidate57 145 1162135588558815 186 140 143 158400 9902484051

PVT Estimate and Election Comm ission Result, NA-205Pakistan NationalAssemblyElection 2008Candidate's PartyPercentage0 20 40 60 8017.5324.5225.5531.520 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 28 outof235 totalpolli ng stations524719817230251297648 483920 19 1714851991571711281251381476662 60 58 5866.04ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-20551 5047Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,459329 252 0496 5 0301 54 14162 202 10329 85 11Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)154 106 0141769719012331622922872.7872.1079.5242 4134 33 328085611924Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-20517219812976PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS250 22 0241 015712517119915175 46156 32 9153 12 0128138147Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station14870 569 20482 495 21197566 372 47760 77016280580 205 0682 245530 132 10521 5 6217629233PML-Q CandidatePPPPM L-QPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis402 128 19852419(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)362 120 6321 130 8443 1 0136 250 01905061289 69526131253 40 0225035184 0 3131228358156 32 0213SINDHNA-205Larkana/Kamber ShahdadkObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• 28 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 235 polling stations inconstituency. Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS)in the original random sample some pollingstations had to be substituted for others. Inmost cases, this was the closest PS to thesample PS, however, the resulting samplemay not be reliable for accurate statisticalinference.• FAFEN PSOs reported that polling staffmembers stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters in 6 polling stations (29, 35, 97, 125,128, and 228).• According to PSOs, undue influence orpressure to vote for a certain partyor candidatewas exerted on female voters in PS 162(f).Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate148NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

SINDHNA-206Kamber/ShahdadkoObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result differsignificantly for the winner (PPP), which winsby a greater margin in the PVT sample.• 25 polling stations in sample out of a total of175 polling stations• There were almost no female voters in PS 158but the FAFEN observers reported that theballot boxes were full and that the numberof votes counted exceeded those cast at theend of the day. In the same polling station, theobservers reported that PML-Q agents were“causing trouble”.• One or more polling booths were captured inPS 10.• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotsin six polling stations [10, 14, 138, 158, 160(polling staff); 58 (PPP party polling agent)].The PSOs noted that the number of votescounted at the end of the day in PS 158exceeded those cast by voters.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate16NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-206Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party21416.1323.3930.6430.350 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 175 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 0.5% vote (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 8014543712078715652417103125 2479Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis160756863.8466.71ECP Result59 58 58 5653 53 51 50 49Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout5674.20Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station81.69PPPPML-QIND 3IND 2Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-206Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 75614108 472 4 4 00403 103 4 7120778604 49 0 0308 221 1 6 0 0235 102 2 0 04173110252 0 0 0 0161 63 1 0 010728 1858Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station13514 205 4 0630 76 118084515 187380 125 3 122 11528 55 14 216138565516063481 103 3 2 01480 3 0 0 02284 175 14 044 42 40 40 38261581105158551371381424324131956311811568Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-206PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate Independent Candidate 2Independent Candidate 3Number of Rejected Ballots327 133 2 0 0 023 2 017430330 93 012330 77 2 0218 166 6 100158110511379524118142(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)281 83 0 0104 72 1 7 0 0103 71 2 0 0 0115131438684 79 2 0

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-208Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party4.886.7311.4914.3920.9822.3427.570 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 24 out of 226 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 12 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)62.1470.47ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-208Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)71.7678.79PPPPML-QPML-NSINDHNA-208JacobabadObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 24 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 226 polling stations inconstituency.• FAFEN PSOs reported that polling staffmembers stamped ballots on behalf of somevoters in PS 169. In PS 50, other unauthorizedpersons were observed doing the same.• According to PSOs, undue influence orpressure to vote for a certain party orcandidate was exerted on voters in PS 33 and197.• One or more polling booths were reportedly‘captured’ in bot PS 33 and 197.Percentage0 20 40 60 8039 3835 34 32261642857188117221212916919715714520222239 3934 32 32 31Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 7064563 35 2147 56 223 20164117828451 1 057278 75 4 3311 121 9 01885022438112205Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station85 140 261110052 2 612916907919735546 100 55 5Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station448 140 8 76365 57 66 176440 410112202125222(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)50310 115 5 02171 219 320541332 50 2 12268 92 1 12224413825 25 24 23 2319Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-208PPP CandidatePML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate182 137 31 3Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis82125178 143 4 682Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS53287 41 2 0331590 156 61 10166379 123 05333145 6126361615189261211576 40 19 0115215Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate57NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesYesNo

SINDHNA-209Jacobabad/KashmoreObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 27 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 187 polling stations inconstituency.• According to FAFEN PSO reports, womenwere unable to participate in polls in 3 pollingstations (141, 178 and 180), due to tribalclashes.• According to PSO reports, PMLQ workersabducted polling staff members and observersfrom 5 polling stations (23, 53, 70, 77 and106).• According to PSO reports, an armed manopened fire inside PS 185 at 1:00 PM sparkinga violent riot which continued till polling timehad reached its end.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate48NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNo216PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-209Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's PartyPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100-1.115.615.19Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-2099227239.146212.2733114916.572319.363113491 8944 44764534.25125139Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis39 3631 30 28 28 25 25 24 2117 16 14 14 13314160Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout52.8269.490 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 27 out of 187 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,02441540 01052723741 0 253 0334 23 224 121149202 437036 222 17 8 2Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)134Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station421 1595 17761087139125882 1 35 045607 18138 03124 60 456 1329559 38 1833451 29438 2231211114113012133 01642851334 32242 21120 012515910036 222 17 02212Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station2886.1784.726.41211111521301001591793617517811990148Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-209PPP CandidateMMA CandidatePML-F CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS032246 3152179175124 9046 89060(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)7181 6 54 0184 142711936158 1 2 13136 6 0 02799 3178148PPPPML-FMMA0 00140106140106

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-210Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party0.040.310.580.2033.4339.7141.740 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate46.50FAFEN observed 27 out of 218 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 0.2% vote (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80186036 343173 73119110Male15019716849 493143252.6454.7059.5765.56ECP ResultPPPPML-QPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-210Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)424036 3430 30 28 28 27 27 26 25 24 24 23 23 21 20171341062151342481Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,03518697 264 74410 205 0464 96 053 420 08 807 7Mixed190196Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-210150119Male110168423 244 81432PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots587 4618587 4618310 561 016121 503 0429 66 4197134300 196 296851MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station320 156 153418 434 0333 91 0106343 67 222124272 132 4108 230 826115 186 2Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis13096 151 56880 167 4196190130126(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)118PML-Q Candidate150 87 12816666197 33739 185 1212613716188 123 0137792689 113 079155 380118217SINDHNA-210KashmoreObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but PVT has a different outcome.• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 218 total polling stations inconstituency• Armed PML-Q supporters took over PS197 and kidnapped the FAFEN PSOs andlocked them in a room. They confiscated theobservation forms. All votes at the station wentto PML-Q.• In PS 137, a man at the entrance of the PSstopped the FAFEN PSOs and would not allowthem to observe. They were allowed to speakwith the Presiding Officer, who confirmed thatthey had proper identification and should bepermitted to enter the PS. The unidentifiedman then threatened the observers withphysical violence.• In PS 34, PML-Q workers took over the pollingstation and expelled the observers during thecounting. 80 people were unable to cast votesand three were injured.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate171NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYes

SINDHNA-211Naushero Feroze-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 29 polling stations in sample out of a total of287 polling stations• The NPP candidate won all the votes in PS242, which had turnout well above average(89%).PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-211Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party32.3732.3941.780 20 40 60 80Percent Vote47.8551.1957.6064.9067.34NPPPPPPVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 29 out of 287 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate81NoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100218Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-211Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)8452266153402714513247 4625280276177Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis895724241210524947 46 45 44 43 43 42 42 40 40 39 37 36 36 3429Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,402433 385 17475 102 20266153322 189 5187 95 5145132138 435 16289 166 25828376111363512210120439115190Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station214 236 92802761771401 01365 448 182424936477 307 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station368 376 1593 589 18327 325 28294 345 9462 157 0210111283115122348 241 0582494359 156 5358 156 5426 6812177 294 2517839(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)1183 373 6269 191 749221 196 8282 106 620419015115194Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-211National People's Party CandidateNumber of Rejected BallotsPPP Candidate35204 176 5524168 207 16247 64810141231781717638 232 01120131 27 8171

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-212Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party1.49-0.323.587.4717.4217.5919.2929.9029.4729.9032.400 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate34.37FAFEN observed 28 out of 312 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)39.6547.2151.31ECP ResultPercent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)62.59PPPIND 1PML-QMMATurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-212SINDHNA-212Nowshera-VIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent.• 33 polling stations in sample out of a total 307polling stations.• High variation in vote totals across pollingstations (PPP and PMLF).• The constituency average turnout for the PVTsample was 51%, but PS 238 reported 100%turnout.• According to FAFEN’s ConstituencyCoordinator, MQM workers in several pollingstations kicked out FAFEN’s polling stationobservers. In polling station 76, MQM workerskicked out a polling station worker from thewomen’s polling booth. In another pollingstation, the SHO tried to remove pollingstation observers, until the station’s presidingauthorities intervened.Percentage0 50 100 150 20099203806744 395516147834856206.716985 85180112105173Male Female Mixed6558 58 57 55 54 52 52 52 50 48 47 43 43 41 3626 21828321Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,2760 750 250 0250 0 343 0203161359 8 12 164780262 0 226 0331 28 312 4 08348562 193 62 2 0Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station5022 1 0 0208013 43108 32454 78 709 9 0180112Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station0 538 18 343 263071791120 834442 28 265 29 0149 246 343 6 027721151080 594 18875 13 586 85 00 305 370 018 397 1972 153 475 81 0324 0 209 0307174872562771882161539123821518211209Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-212PPP Candidate Independent Candidate 1 PML-Q CandidateMMA Candidate3Number of Spoiled Ballots in PSPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis03990 4820 330 7 185 010525623818216283153(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)6 409 97 1 32128 150 27 3450 1 0 0 0161 0 268 0411161 20 3 2174188173211385 1 12 017 99 0 01215209219Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate69NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo

SINDHNA-213Naushero Feroze-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 29 polling stations in sample out of a total of287 polling stations• The NPP candidate won all the votes in PS242, which had turnout well above average(89%).PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-213Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party1.601.525.679.7325.8428.2238.1141.170 20 40 60 80Percent Vote50.3853.9266.6864.83PPPPML-FPML-NPVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 33 out of 307 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 13 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate243NoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYesNo220Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-213Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80726021618654 53 5149434253152272112719742 4072Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis8036723825362 60 58 57 575451 50 50 49 48 4845 44 43 42 4138 3734313586264139Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,1024230 133 925 1420 639 125 0186151 620 73 021 427 195 2721653276 53 171 1420 355 92 200 429 45823113289208158123270174182148Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station2 331 6 2022721119715 530 34 038019 80 391 1131 41 972 3931352310 5997 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station27 195 637 0291 238 309 023886195 86 427 02 585 100 300 639 280561742707 483 41 3037 264 201 09 240 201 5695253113(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)2 385 50 52 311 121 02 288 95 200 267 133 80 338 58136 356 35 83 217 151 0569576Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-213PML-N CandidatePML-F CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots7 201 152 393 138 222 015 306 17 80 318 4 0271941022021 249 48 0158102123182194202139289148208264147667 247

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-214Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party15.5425.2134.8935.850 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate63.6261.8173.29ECP Result82.97PPPPML-QPML-NMMAFAFEN observed 31 out of 312 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least .5% vote (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95%confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-214Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 8094676252224306423934 332614813230620973111976458 56 55 54 54 54 52 51 50 50 4946 4541 41 41 40 38 37 3630196100272Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 914940 912 2 0 00 197 366 1 1 00 166 19 0 10 00 356 52 21 010 01370 317166 0 02 2818450163305220190293143112Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-214306224PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidateMQM Candidate MMA Candidate Number of Rejected Ballots1314860 69 145 5 0 00 105 106 1 5 0 0209230140060 8500 533 61 011122002397Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station0 58200140 5031 113 33 9083020 00 415112293100020 332 92 01020 332 92 015042842 422 1 1 2 00 373 37 0 0 00 328 70 2 1 00 281 97 01200 251 11 7 1 0 0Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis5 294 60 1 3 02203 264 61 1 32990 64 270 2 6 0 042196143211190171200163(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)795 78 197 1 0 0211045 231 0 0791 218 38 1 1 02722502505 226 15 0 0 0224040132 204 1 0 017120019 111 71 2 0 00 61 120 1 8 0 0305299221SINDHNA-214Nawabshah-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result differssignificantly for both winner and runner-up, butwith same outcome. PVT margin of victory forPPP is higher than in ECP result• 31 polling stations in sample out of a total of312 polling stations• One or more polling booths were captured inPS 6 and 143.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot paperspolling stations [6, 13, 112, 230, 272 (pollingstaff); 94 (party polling agents); 97, 148, 211,220, 250, 293 and 306 (unidentified persons orrelatives of agents or staff)].• Unauthorized persons went behind the votingscreens to help voters in 13 polling stations(6, 50, 79, 84, 94, 143, 211, 220, 250, 272 and293). Polling agents were doing this in PS 13and 230.• In PS 94 voter who supported the PPPthreatened and slapped the oppositioncandidate, who was inside the polling station.After this incident, no voters were asked toprovide identification.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate137NoYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-216Pakistan National Assembly Election 200826.7136.6044.6443.500 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate54.8353.2862.58ECP Result73.05PML-FPPPFAFEN observed 29 out of 260 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 3% vote (of 13 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-216Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 50 100 150 200Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 3,9421941331082402052237259202250431021167413411825858 55 55 51 50 48 46 46 46 45 45 43 40 38 373127 25 25 24 22209921318914Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout173922106 282 191265 118 82402052021235 59 7227 601 3223250231 330 39102252113142148150198152Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-2165PML-F CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS31207 602 7217 635 8260 536 152521542140 724 9Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station269 469 41164 564 20233 488 315020118189 524 2268 418 31872588985 549 4197 339 9142 381 014213414149 359 6207 303 34Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis207 303 34148113114 340 30571(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)71PPP Candidate77 339 32155233 8154187146182 01981935524643193351881017 9 1 151813 2 1 6148164 2918815299223SINDHNA-216Khairpur-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 29 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 260 total polling stations inconstituency• Turnout exceeded 100% in four polling stations(134, 205, 223, 240). In PS 205, 223, and 240,nearly all votes went to PML-Q, while in PS134 most went to PPP.• In PS 71 and 154, some unauthorized personswere seen stamping ballot papers, while in PS113, 150 and 258, polling station staff wereseen doing the same.• Armed men were present inside 4 pollingstations (21,142, 250 and 258). Nearly all votesin PS 21 went to PPP. Polling station staff wasreportedly not impartial in PS 31 and 142.• According to PSOs, 100 voters were unableto cast their votes in PS 258 due to a clashbetween a PML-F agent and police.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate113NoYesYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

SINDHNA-217Khairpur-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 256 polling stations in the constituency• Armed men were present in 4 polling stations(12, 94, 95 and 97).• According to FAFEN PSOs, polling stationstaff stamped ballot papers on behalf of somevoters in PS 12, 70 and 116. party pollingagents were reported to have done the samein 4 polling stations (2, 187, 202 and 243).• In PS 113 and 194, the vote counts exceededthe actual number of cast votes, with mostvotes going to PML-F.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA- 217Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.305.731.9528.2136.8939.540 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate45.6350.8756.1055.6066.57ECP ResultPPPPML-FMMAFAFEN observed 26 out of 256 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 3% vote (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate309NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoYesYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80224Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-217Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)27356434311131701561225 25243Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis8061 61194116Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 88727324 520167 707 6 74175 354 1321 104 2 3179 130 6 011315617024341571324347 46 44 44 43 41 40 39 38 36 36 36 36 353028162702403414916694202185Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-21712PPP CandidateMMA Candidate188 77 17 7 682 188 9 013215 837 0 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station97 654 0 06273 416 1381 277 9 019416214911694459 125 61 0388 197 62 0240PML-F Candidate448 178 07519 100 070434134(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)431 167 3 0363 231 0 0501 52 16 08403 131 8 0219 269 11 095Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS294 136 340237335 101 020218516623797305 51 85 09795192 66 151 0230130200 4108171 19 0 0230130

Candidate's PartyTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-218Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 8062595511178262491149154435281415212144071836560 58 5654 54 53 53 53 5249 49 49 48 48 4742 41 3927104242733811532167204184190Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 988PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA- 21898 672 012.6963 461 201491111544 485 7817.26Pakistan National Assembly Election 200837 454 617821.8320.340 20 40 60 80Percent Vote167 213 1122 327 12Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station62 179 0262141PVT Estimate10 628 1121462 179 37177 911 0122 583 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station258 411 20120 508 1394 413 061 531 019011522624216075163 416 0164 404 26162 320 19217 297 0162 320 69516732104251(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)98114 372 1171251122215Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-218PML-N CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS73.17ECP Result74.98PPP CandidatePakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis5 264 921511 417 0733878.27209 240 383.370 421 07064 346 2617170951602264 371 6PPPPML-NFAFEN observed 30 out of 263 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 3% vote (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)2 353 0987529 190 01842046 144 0122225SINDHNA-218Matiari/HyderabadObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 30 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 263 total polling stations in constituency• In PS 01, 32, 75, 117, and 122, party pollingagents, their relatives, or other unauthorizedpersons were seen stamping ballots on voters’behalf. In PS 215, the Assistant PresidingOfficer was observed stamping ballots.• In PS 70, a clash erupted between theadministration and the local community at 1:25p. m. and lasted 40 minutes, preventing 15people from casting their votes.• In PS 78, a conflict erupted after polling finishedover the accreditation qualifications of one ofthe party polling agents. Rangers and the armyarrived to control the situation. The accusedparty polling agent produced proof of identity.• In PS 38, a voter created a disruption at 9:40 a.m. lasting 35 minutes and preventing 10 votersfrom casting votes before police brought thesituation under control.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate38NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNo

SINDHNA-219Hyderabad-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differ for bothwinner and first runner-up but with sameoutcome. However, the PVT has a high marginof victory for the MQM because of a highnumber of polling stations in the sample inwhich the MQM won 100% of the vote or closeto 100% of the vote.• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 227 total polling stations inconstituency• In PS 162, unidentified persons were seenstamping ballot papers on behalf of somevoters. In the same polling station, challengedballots were not counted seperately. Nearly allvotes in the station went to MQM.• In PS 51 and 153, FER 2002 was not attachedto FER 2007. Also, tendered and challengedballots were not kept separately from regularballots, and rejected ballot papers were neitherregistered nor replaced with fresh ones. In PS51, MQM won nearly all of the votes, and in PS153, PPP won nearly all of the votes.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-219Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party2.727.0011.2812.810 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 27 out of 227 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)10487.2685.01ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-219Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)91.8296.39MQMPPPPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate76NoYesYesNoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100226669578 76731262025751 51Male43 40 38350162117222224168185164Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,704662 1699 310 1459 12025740 1143 040 1051 3129 863 0126162Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis11061918610970354831666256 56 53 5137100212351FemaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station18 825 654 648 011722246 646 6339 218 7127 287 022418516801644 1541 03 1510 0MaleFemaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station18 1446 010 982 0123 849 010935611001 959 01 959 03123214851(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)15 827 26 679 027 519 25123 278 0530 29 261722 354 1153135Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-219PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMQM Candidate303 079118 143 063 175 01351531987912198178178

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-220Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party12.2013.5920.2828.360 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 33 out of 247 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1009798 982388227457367 666361 60 58 57 56 5651 51 50158196723271228198Male6367246240Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout5544 433918414017389369.70ECP Result73 7221716914363 62548077.7583.0485.8137 373331 3126205209FemaleGender Mix and Number of Polling StationMQMPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-220Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,254Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-2201 1251 215867394 688 0110 939 02409771 927 0417 561 0175 806 07119819649 870 0487 384 19246PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS27285 582 067 701 022843 759 0723863216 560 051 639 94532 619 14256 407 014017157 475 0MaleGender Mix and Number of Polling Station14 569 0157 413 055232184121 430 012892 5026 724 520914311 728 1235 529 1538169205(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)0 0Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis63 493 064 486 1213 466 090MQM Candidate20 443 190133127241Female13317 412 14127330 98 04801 420 1058 334 22412111790217211179227SINDHNA-220Hyderabad-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, however, major problems put thevalidity of the outcome in question.• 33 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 247 total polling stations inconstituency.• Uauthorized persons stamped ballots (07, 55,63, 133, 143, 169, 184, 196, 232, and 240). InPS 45 a party polling agent stamped 150 ballotpapers according to the PSO. Nearly all votesin all of these polling stations went to MQM.• In PS 241 the PSO reported that fake voteswere cast, while some voters were seencasting multiple votes (up to 10-12 times) inPS 63. In PS 198 violence erupted suddenlyafter an unidentified person threw a brickat someone. Gunfire was exchanged soonafterwards, due to which polling wastemporarily suspended. As a result of theviolence, 1 person was injured and about 150voters were unable to cast their votesPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate220NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

SINDHNA-221Hyderabad/MatiarObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result differsignificantly but with same outcome, and PVThas a higher margin of victory for winner.• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 210 Polling Stations• Nearly all votes for one party in sampledpolling stations (PPP)• Unusually high turnout in a female pollingstation (PS 29).• FAFEN PSOs witnessed polling officialsstamping ballot papers in PS 101.Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-221Pakistan National Assembly Election 20080.632.583.432.664.977.356.238.760 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT Estimate85.6784.87ECP Result90.4195.15PPPPML-QMQMFAFEN observed 25 out of 210 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate260NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100228Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-221Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)9870 691952533474261891838 3629 28 2787168Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis2055329607856423830 294467284245146 44 42 39 38 36 35Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,2581255 3 00253341189 5318101077 1 8397 37 190 0189195618 6 9 1118Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-22161 2 00PPP CandidateMQM Candidate478 28506393 51 102 76205536810428 1 0313 15 27 7653 4 1 020297846479 4533 1 5 0229 2Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)4272854PML-Q CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS262 3 1 06045 122 49 91847211128 256609 503579 18 2 027 1 35509558 5 114616615115614210115015913515 28 0368 4511342 716142166146150156159151280 79 0 0101

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA- 223Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party29.1232.8136.5043.870 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 37 out of 242 total polling stations54.0061.5162.42PVT estimate for candidates with at least 0.5% vote (of 14 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)69.02ECP ResultPPPPML-QIND 6Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-223Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)SINDHNA-223Tando AllahyarObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 37 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 242 polling stations in the constituency• Armed individuals were present inside 4polling stations (28, 63, 173 and 205). The PPPcandidate won nearly all votes in PS 63, higherthan the constituency average.• Party polling agents were seen stamping ballotpapers on behalf of some voters in 2 pollingstations (34 and 219), while polling station staffreportedly did the same in PS 173.• Some voters turned back upon beingchallenged by party polling agents from threepolling stations (34, 99 and 237). Some votersalso turned back from PS 215 (where PPPwon most votes) and PS 237 (where PML-Qwon more votes) due to polling station staff’sapparent bias.• One or more polling booths were “captured” inPS 55 and 173.Percentage0 20 40 60 806866 65 6354 54 54 5450 49645750 5045 43 43 42 40 38357159 5754 52 52 52 51551002011312610823085241632151267217237172205934268152165159219202138348716317376109928233167Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,06311554 3773 521314647 208 25137 7024450 3703 31 0716 71155 498 15Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station3131424 172448 98 1 93202301002631241108115512 51044 14132 337855555 47 793 457 147107 389 0187 295 2 1 0438 4910316 119 1 7275 109 1 812278 87 81 12183 28210 118 1 4487 413646 216 27704 11931 3645 149 1545 44 44 44 42 42 4033Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-22349PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate PML-N CandidateMMA Candidate MQM Candidate Number of Rejected Ballots352481 245 5 4Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis600 165 1316241Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station283 350468 151362 247 2 42206 393267 3220326421 132 112417 48 9632151269323772426817217205165159152991638776219341381731672021023328(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)92826345446 9338146 243122 181 39 0 0186 113 1 8 0 0 0229Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate185NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoYesYesYesNo

SINDHNA-224Naushero Feroze-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 29 polling stations in sample out of a total of287 polling stations• The NPP candidate won all the votes in PS242, which had turnout well above average(89%).PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-224Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party16.8428.7432.5949.8548.3565.2566.9980.64PPPPML-F0 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 20 out of 314 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 3% vote (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-224Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate217NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoYesYesYesNoPercentage0 50 100 15023089811150227452939 387Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis45416321427419314954 53 5246 44Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,4751339 111 251150373 419 2329481 6811312 176 207227386 6085732238100568840 38Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-224PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS503 115 10416230 137 4134 1036 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station589 187 12580 5922149112100(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)57255 228 40379 114 023890223 159 2588151 199 5532211 131 0112PML-F Candidate301 40 7905619313831162 27 95.51380940 00142117142117

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-226Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party7.9914.4817.8120.0220.9725.8628.6837.3348.7353.0356.850 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 28 out of 217 total polling stationsECP ResultPVT estimate for candidates with at least 3% vote (of 14 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 10 20 30 40 5051494721432959336585393633 32474842 4239650143423064.97PPPMQMPML-FTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-22630 28525047 46 46 45 4544 434140 403834Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,5281033 443 52 0278 608 44 043592129181 591 8 0217 515 24 0432 264 43 0653385333 284 8 0175Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station477 33 17 050387 306 56 0477 170 26 0248480 174 6 8186 433 1 061430125 375 4 0138 284 9 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station293 4150175840 26 116 0505 374 1000697 48 199 012514217087472 247 134 0426 117 298 0179125188170122197211205142149135165Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA -226PPP CandidatePML-F CandidateMQM CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS8087Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis648 16 143 0590 26 157 0691 1720442 4 306 0211165135197149(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)605 591 05593 5 0384 194 064 187 309 0205 108 190 020580179122188231SINDHNA-226Mirpurkhas/UmerkotObservation Notes• PPVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but there were problems in manypolling stations.• 28 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 217 polling stations in the constituency• Voters turned back upon being ‘challenged’by party polling agents from 4 polling stations(50, 142, 175 and 205).• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot papersin 5 polling stations (21, 48,50, 142 and 170).• A clash broke out between agents of the MQMand PPP at PS 6, due to which polling wassuspended for 15 minutes.• In PS 21 and 200 fake votes were reportedlycast.• In PS 142, approximately 30 voters turnedback without voting due to a clash whichbroke out between supporters of PML-Q andMQM. At the same station, PML-Q supportersreportedly prevented PPP workers fromcasting votes. An SHO was also seen trying toinfluence voters in favor of a certain candidate.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate16NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNo

SINDHNA-227Mirpurkhas/Umerkot-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 26 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 211 polling stations in constituency• In PS 85, more votes were counted at the endof the day than the number of voters castingballots as witnessed by the PSO.• According to an election-day report fromone of FAFEN’s NGO partners coordinatingobservers in several constituency in Sindh,in polling station 183, the FAFEN PSO wasbeaten up by an MQM activist inside thepolling station, forcing him to leave hisobservation post. The MQM did not win morethan 3% of the vote in the constituency.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-227Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party7.208.0311.1214.5915.0520.5223.8226.450 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 26 out of 211 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 17 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)60.7363.8568.17ECP Result75.61PPPPML-QPML-NPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate163NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60232Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-227Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)534821018340855138 373315423Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis351135550Male Female Mixed47 46 45 44 4340 39 3937 36 36353331 30 29 29191179206168160Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,1880 1128 1248108 488 195 1515418346 374 279 53852371 532 51051113 321 162 089 464 28 02104414512123891073Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-227PML-N CandidatePML-Q Candidate30 305 15 011394 585 248 341790 425 509 43Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station102 637 90 18212 356 241 0117 606 83 6216020616816117 735 37 13894462279 432 51 15PPP Candidate215 157 343 0102 487 120 00 546 155 01231451267 359 225 47156 280 180 431073(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)16143 481 37 126278Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS43 365 137 020513 421 84 67893692 385 71 020512910 351 77 093690 391 25 00 210 103 0129191

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-228Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party13.2314.9718.0121.7722.3820.8728.5628.5049.8757.2355.870 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 29 out of 212 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 18 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)87ECP Result64.59PPPIND 1PML-FTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-228Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)SINDHNA-228UmerkotObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 29 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 212 polling stations in constituency• In PS 74, many female voters cast their votestwice.• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotpapers in the following polling stations [116, 193(polling station officials), 126, and 173 (relativesof candidates, party agents, or polling staff)].• Voters were pressured to vote for a particularparty symbol or candidate in PS 47, 116, and173.• Many voters at PS 173 left the polling stationwithout voting due to trouble created by PML-Qagents.• In PS 116, PML-Q workers tried to “capture” abooth at 3:45 p.m. to engage in ballot fraud buta female PPP party agent tried to stop them. Afemale PML-Q worker attempted to beat up thefemale PPP agent, and a fight ensued, injuringthree women, all of whom were hospitalized.Percentage0 20 40 60 80246358 57 57 55 55 5448 47193183321395412640984310947644072743365483274 726558 56 56 54 5350Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,244945 68 157 35672 443 27 6247245432646 93 249 34448 385 27 60551 16 234 3050 75 595 2612610987121721577619169182Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station330 130 248 194098279 115 222 0294 2 311 0544 63 6 0354 0 233 40320 066 813964183193312 822 69 41743365331 356 738Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station341 33 1 0384 271 324 0384 271 324 0121116887445 49 290 5625 348796767869(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)386 34946 44 44 43Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis396 195 62 64297 225 104 41280 4 302 10096468 88 29 28189116Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-228PPP CandidateIndependent Candidate 1PML-F CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots44411 64 101 42286 20 231 24781912121821577237320 195832212173374 1 101 6158 3 126 0189173233Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate187NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

SINDHNA-229Tharparkar IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result differsignificantly, but with same winner• 25 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 220 polling stations in constituency• Possible evidence of irregularities in over halfstations in sample, supported by qualitativeevidence from PSOs.• FAFEN’s Constituency Coordinator reportedthat only 11 out of 55 PSOs were permittedto remain in the polling station for the entireday as agreed with the ECP. The remaining 44could only visit the polling stations periodicallyto observe but were not allowed to stay forlong periods in their respective sampledpolling stations.• The PVT sample of 25 polling stations had anaverage turnout of 73%, but turnout was aslow as 22% in polling station 94 and as high as100% in polling station 60. In most of pollingstations with high turnout, 100% of the votewent to the PMLQ candidate.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-229Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.519.5715.6217.020 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 220 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)81.2984.37ECP Result90.4396.49PML-QPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-229Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate73NoYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesYesYesPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100234451Male60100 97 95 94 93 93 92 91 91 90 90 88 88 8780150218558840MixedPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis546146213975725Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,794435 401 01Male0 1787 70 1626 825406054570 1560 2Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station1 1504 40 1292 093 1124 8758 1141 136218197550 1140 00 907 115 858 062138897MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station21 679 00 660 00 638 81502335 599 613 607 369310 295 3760229 364 3253181 360 7646 44 44413519319713198238116012672125Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-229PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPML-Q Candidate185 341 714613112581126(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)9832 450 86 429 019372114 302 6050 344 0160949422294 86 19

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-230Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party13.6024.7028.4735.8064.2071.8375.300 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP Result86.40PML-QPPPFAFEN observed 29 out of 160 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 0.5% vote (of 13 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)SINDHNA-230Tharparkar-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result differsignificantly, but with same winner• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 252 polling stations in constituency• One or more polling booths were captured inPS 33 and 52. In the same polling stations,there were no female voters but the ballotboxes in the female booths were full.• The number of votes counted exceeded thosecast in PS 24 and 33.• The UC Nazim was pressuring voters tochoose a particular candidate or party symbolin PS 18.• Polling station staff were seen stamping ballotsin PS 33 and 37.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-230Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10078100 98 98 97 96 93 9187 8682 80 78 7667 66 6460138125989515814311211890149102106Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,8000 2800 01380 1996 0200 1400 0158118780 1592 01500 105320 1182 40265Mixed1528156 54 53 52 51484540 39 3834 32522291433182455293735Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-2300 1320 531 1246 01028198143PPP CandidateNumber of Rejected Ballots6515 1188 00 1174 0149729 419 113214492 590 6810 1010 0566 388 5811233MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station64 836 0282 521 28125350 795 26371 387 191065222474 283 152PML-Q Candidate0 728 0Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis422 296 095291824(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)430 234 12293 347 178 615 0903755297 313 14346 211 059 478 0152305 203 559128264 227 1128235Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate146NoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesNo

SINDHNA-231JamshoroObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• 35 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 305 polling stations inconstituency. Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS) inthe original random sample) some pollingstations had to be substituted for others. Inmost cases, this was the closest PS to thesample PS, however, the resulting samplemay not be reliable for accurate statisticalinference.• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers on behalf ofsome voters in 4 polling stations (23, 68, 187and 189).• PSOs reported that unidentified persons triedto influence voters or exerted pressure onthem to favor certain parties or candidates in 3polling stations (22, 190 and 227).Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-231Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.648.297.613.7312.5711.5716.8518.420 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate73.46ECP Result76.3578.5483.62PPPSUPMQMFAFEN observed 35 out of 305 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 0.5% vote (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-231Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)86 8465Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate41NoYesYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 802367013565605450 48 4741 4037 36332937134117189111723131125Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis241711185927187Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,1991120 07011687 63 302 0938 26 68147645 24 322 818925618 98 261 0587 104 106 0738 4514118511741665122937 37 35 33 302319452270524943 43 4029Male Female Mixed730 93 4 013372101904188Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station574 13538 32 101 30597 401723134111441 107 80 0555 8 1313565342 158 1 8371 7 39274 32 22 218727165 95 1 61194 54145676 221 0683 27501 64 58 33667 4384 197 4229188222413 16 143 0312 5 210 0312 23 97 568778 309 18 14907 71135227130124Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-231387PPP CandidateMQM CandidateSindh United Party CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)419010227130523 296 06876370 211 47276521 25 1 0124611152 1898279 10725123511291771811 208 142158 85 9 1129177

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-232Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party13.3418.9524.5727.1369.7475.4381.050 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 31 out of 256 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)86.66PPPPML-QTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-232Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)SINDHNA-232Dadu-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result differsignificantly, but with same winner• 31 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 252 polling stations in constituency• Polling stopped for two hours due to violenceperpetrated by PML-Q supporters in pollingstation 83. Twenty people were injured. BothPPP and PML-Q workers were fighting insidethe station.• In the women’s booth of polling station 91, aguest of the presiding officer came in, afterwhich an argument ensued, stopping votingfor 15 minutes.• A clash between PPP-P and PML-Q supportersat the female polling booth in polling station112 ensued when PPP-P party polling agentscomplained that female voters supportingPML-Q voters were casting ballots more thanonce and began to challenge them. Four wereinjured in the clash and polling stopped for 35minutes.Percentage0 20 40 6049 484138 38 373532197202212620232237131422 2231561247203412091575043 41 4037 37 36 36 36 363431 30Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 71420619 75 20671 1 3319 304 18465 110 2478 97 12202232237197535 353621213405 157 1310079112251Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station458 43 5457 3316314360 237179 100 4156471 020341363 19 2663 273639 16 187956Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station503 149 8307 294 1811711287491 70 559436 93 1141462 60 810025187381 103 15917559(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)252319 18Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis117367 114 1075428 34 47240335 112 8885683Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-232PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPML-Q Candidate411 3 8240141245 148 17838865235 110 8182185 158 32657166 237 88236 2392481827124897 121 10237Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate174NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesYes

SINDHNA-233Dadu IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 31 of polling stations (PS) in PVT sample outof a total of 289 polling stations in constituency• In PS 185, which has above average turnout of82%, PML-Q won 100% of the votes.• In PS 239, there was a fight between PML-Qand PPP workers.• Polling was suspended for an hour in PS 58due to unrest created by PML-Q workers.• One or more booths were captured in PS219 and voters were pressured to vote fora particular candidate or party symbol. Thevotes counted at the end of the day exceededthose cast by voters as witnessed by thePSOs, and nearly all votes went to PPP.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-233Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party23.1535.9036.690 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate48.6651.1461.0963.87ECP Result76.59PPPPML-QFAFEN observed 31 out of 289 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 0.5% vote (of 10 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate157NoYesYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80238Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-233Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)82676358 565318523121921412517419117849 49 494644 43 42 424037 36 34 34 33 32 32 32 30 30 2925 25221911MixedPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis7513277285Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,3971 1389 7539 197 21555 137 9540 150 0656 30 2218525220521421964371 280 8641442051982529723942582252614092Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station475 148 0441 170 614413297454 158 9585 132516 505123192322 222 3440582671 456 51204 271 30412 605318 150 17191225395 6713354 104 4204 220 6125285103217 204 14747799 298 627366 1 0MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)239324 625194256 117 7143 193 22255 628103113Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-233PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPML-Q Candidate171 125 5238 5121781981741137494132 138 99214 43 754213515 8150135

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-234Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party30.1437.3441.500 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 26 out of 201 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80706558 57165141123108137403832 3120742219629621771247.10565452421557852.863415218358.5059.4369.90ECP ResultMale Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout67763213148Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationPML-FPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-234Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,028109 574 3310 293 40165137135 375 7722123193 296 2074227 257 17250 224 3529196277 183 29226 214 2014112257 200 278204 169 2127 332 9122 220 22263 56018315217711 202 110 1008 1050 49 48 4741 3931 291026 781 9Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis40 701 5560379555Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-234PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)15521PML-F Candidate7548382 223 1555289 265 2295513 371831337 185 2360181339 139 44939313 86 21239SINDHNA-234Sanghar-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 201 polling stations in the constituency• According to FAFEN PSOs, party pollingagents stamped ballot papers on behalf ofsome voters in PS 7, 74 and 165, while someunauthorized persons were seen doing thesame in PS 110 and 152.• In PS 78, polling was suspended for 15minutes due to a minor clash betweensupporters of PML-F and PPP.• In PS 101, one hundred voters were preventedfrom voting due to armed violence initiatedby PML-F agents, reported a PSO. 2 personswere injured by gun fire. Although Rangersarrived to bring the situation under control, thepolling station had been “captured”.• In PS 31, members of Pakistan Fisher FolkForum, affiliated with the PPP, reportedlyintimidated voters.• The PSO reported a riot at PS 155 and deemedPML-F and deemed responsible.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate377NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo

SINDHNA-235Sanghar/MirpurkhasObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent.• 20 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 197 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS) inthe original random sample) some pollingstations had to be substituted for others. Inmost cases, this was the closest PS to thesample PS, however, the resulting samplemay not be reliable for accurate statisticalinference.• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers on behalfof some voters in 3 polling stations: pollingagents in PS 140(f); polling staff members inPS 180; others in PS 71.• PSOs reported a violent incident at PS 162.Just when the counting process had begun,a PPP worker outside the station started firingon agents of an opposing party. One man wasreported to have been killed.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate174NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80240PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-235Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party30.2231.4742.150 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate45.90Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis54.0857.8566.9969.80ECP ResultPML-FPPPFAFEN observed 20 out of 197 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 0.5% vote (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnoutand Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Poling Station,NA-2357810890724669 6832300871112329630615815710748454440 39Male Fem ale MixedNote:Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 99246461 454 77320 917 6149 528 299010895 517 1630PercentTurnout(VotesPolled as% ofRegistered)0GenderMix and Numberof Po ling StationVotes Polled byCandidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-235PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS435 214 52147 144 42111230382 309 1063324 267 38Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station426 187 1457157341 199 144343385 116 374444181 293 07157271 168 032 346 94432 333 1010680107(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)71PML-F Candidate131 159 203379101 169 20106297999 159 128028251809180199

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-236Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party28.7834.1838.830 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate50.6748.8760.7462.5570.81ECP ResultPPPPML-FFAFEN observed 37 out of 231 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 3% vote (of 13 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-236Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1001029593 9281676054 5347 47 46 4440282380 7848 47 46 4638 37 37332926251463 6052 50 48 47431347740140201148177182063292195226241893617617491152151902192194251848133531111122036846106Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,54014 1382 41393 1 0798 395 38365 719 0840 227 0638 296 0537 378 13Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-236454 406 0PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS515 256 1711732 110526 191 0266 321 16273 185 0181 253 26152 200 0279 01535 051141 04013414020177322061822614817719592243618917617425151215291819219013319484203685311211146106542 291 0339 441 11254 299 0254 288 0419 34 0217 216 0244 158 11PML-F Candidate285 111 0279 56Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis203 27 049 167 1885 2 0365 719 38483 525 0433 280 0243 370 0243 370 0234 359 058 277 4241SINDHNA-236Sanghar-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 37 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 231 polling stations in the constituency• FAFEN PSOs were prevented from performingtheir duties at PS 77 by an SHO.• In PS 112, PML-F agents insisted that FAFENPSOs be thrown out, even after the station’sPresiding Officer tried to calm the agentsdown.• In PS 140, a clash involving the PPP andanother unidentified group occurred. Pollingbooths at the station were also reportedly‘captured’. Female voters’ ballot boxes werefull even though there were hardly any femalevoters present at the station.• According to PSOs, PML-F agents causedtrouble in PS 53 due to which polling wassuspended for an hour. The police/rangersbrought the situation under control. 6-10persons were reportedly injured.• Turnout in PS 134 was 102%, with all votesgoing to PPP.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate345NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYes

SINDHNA-237Thatta-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and PVT Result statisticallyequivalent• 41 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 314 polling stations in constituency• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotsin six polling stations; party polling agents inPS 27, polling station staff in PS 69, 52, and75, and unidentified persons in PS 245 and293.• FAFEN PSOs reported that people were beingpressured to vote for a particular candidate orparty symbol in PS 7.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-237Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate38.0537.8843.0047.9651.75ECP Result56.6957.6461.63PPPPML-QFAFEN observed 41 out of 314 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 0.5% vote (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate418NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60242Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-237Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)5550 4932 31 315452 514947 45 44 44 42 41 41 40 39 38 37 37 37 37 37 36353634 33 33 33302930 29282620 19182452161461511040859714026187125244163751013032791071005230455135293230693012901124931222230926313438178299233Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 825454 135 10405 163 43326 197 14302 192 4254 202 9265 102 3550 216 44300 269 27Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-237277 90 19PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis256 98 6166 104 9170 98 17266 543 01462452161514010859726718140279551633041351016929075100495230329912510722230123024431230911226329317823313438442 362 0416 379 30Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station330 403 0350 367 70204 470 35(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)527 94 26206 350 16338 211 17242 291 7314 206 37146 370 20130 360 16296 182 0201 278 0PML-Q Candidate257 220 36293 165 0349 99 28117 334 41240 196 6366 62 32283 137 13287 94 20187 190 35292 81 6223 60 22209 65 0138 122 26108 153 14

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-238Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party30.4339.9142.890 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate49.5249.3953.0959.1468.75ECP ResultPML-QPPPFAFEN observed 27 out of 274 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 3% vote (of 4 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-238Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 807656258107794523527617 17140916246 44 43 4239 39 38 38 37 37 36 35 33 33 32 3228 2723 21251218148274141161116192Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 829343 372 111447 263 17167 451 825879107245 95 55276194 51 498262228119Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-238167 3711140PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS9119 787 139 786 34251 476 10Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station509 111 2553 558 15321 258 30184 373 14203 309 16250 237 15284 186 3160 311 1725127414121811622826211914825236141 283 5259 147 12Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis36PML-Q Candidate141 257 1349 350 30135 234 2182192233254(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)15 338 4254102182233252219217255 94 5163 161 316121910298195 109 11114 179 36217243SINDHNA-238Thatta-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 27 polling stations (PS) in PVT sample out of atotal of 274 polling stations in the constituency• Armed men were present at polling booths infour polling stations (217, 219, 252 and 274).• In 8 polling stations (98, 102, 119, 140, 141,217, 252 and 262), unidentified personsunlawfully assisted voters behind votingscreens.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot papersin 10 polling stations (98, 102, 107, 116, 141,219, 251, 258, 252 and 274).• PSOs reported that in 11 polling stations (91,98, 102, 107, 116, 119, 141, 161, 251 and 274),voters were influenced or pressured to vote fora particular candidate or party.• In PS 91 and 151, the PSO reported that asubstantial number of voters were unableto cast votes due to the presence of PML-Qagents and other unidentified persons.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate597NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYes

SINDHNA-239Karachi-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly. The PPP won by a larger margin inthe PVT sample, and the PVT estimate shows adifferent runnerup (PML-N rather than MQM).• 31 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 180 total polling stations inconstituency.• FAFEN PSOs were not permitted to observe atall in two polling stations (PS 4151 and 4152),despite having appropriate accreditation. Theywere not permitted to observe the count in PS5138 and 4153.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot papers inpolling stations 30, 38, 44 and 51.• In PS 5148, FAFEN PSOs witnessed a clashbetween agents of PPP and MMA. Theyreported that PPP party polling agentsexpressed concern about the disproportionatelyhigh number of MMA agents present at thestation, which escalated into a physical disputethat disrupted polling for 20 minutes. ThePresiding Officer, Assistant Presiding Officerand police brought the situation under control.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate454NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's Party244PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-239Pakistan National Assembly Election 20081.816.395.303.196.399.601.923.104.293.6010.9514.7818.6111.1010.9721.700 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 31 out of 180 total polling stationsPVT estimate for candidates with at least 0.5% vote in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60604951.34Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis56.26454240 39 3839 38 3836 35 34 33 34 3227 26 2614 125157514451475128514651485135513751545133513851305139514163.6371.01ECP Result515151455155512951325150515651435131515220 18 18 16 16 1513525142515351345140PPPPML-NMMAMQMIND 8Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-239Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,004222 250 37 481 10 1 3 0509 337 714717 562012 73 7 1812599 125 122 39 33Male Female MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number3610611 86 9 513659 54 32 30 5 1 0569 449 73 27 0 0470 54 83 64 5 1 8 051575135514851475128514451545146404 81 30 19 4523342 97 3 32 16 471021462336 108 2310214 148 531 81126 28 1 92 5To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-239PPP Candidate PML-N Candidate MQM Candidate MMA Candidate1 416183 6 9 1513851335130513751415139378 197 274 49 63781 18 1 3 10647 2746 14 5 29372 70 195 2 1212381 64 52 32035453 47 13345151515551455150513251295156128 141 23 13 22814242825 111162 68 14 4 213138 52 18 2 10 25126 28 21 9 5 49515251315142513446 85 2613 1268 42077 33 6113 11 17652 68 3 38 733425143515351402618512751365149PML-Q Candidate Independent 7 Independent 8 Spoiled Ballots in PS6 254 9Male Female MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberDummy polling station numbers necessary for security of polling station observers208 102 1 41111512751368 102 22 2 05149

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-240Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party19.4038.0742.840 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT Estimate46.6751.9056.7561.53ECP Result80.22PPPMQMFAFEN observed 22 out of 174 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-240Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 50 100 150 200Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 3,257205573200 0177222072 05173516090 887058 57 5543Male40 3936 352418135173516051775163516551585168515951745162516951665172517551795170Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis91787446FemaleGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number312 1537 0803 634 11 01205 197 1 01176 148 1 0871 112 0 05177515851635165516836898 022786 0 0416 353 10593 629 0 0To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.MaleGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number26476 346450 05584 400 0019814116287 05169516251595174516651755172517951701562 8501196 4 02526 26516451675178517151615176Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-240MQM CandidateMMA CandidatePPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSTo ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.269 461 05164516751715 628 160Female178 19805178517611319810 05161245SINDHNA-240Karachi-IIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent, but the percentage vote for thePPP is 61.53% in the PVT sample and the votefor MQM is 38%. Release of ECP pollingstationlevel results would permit verification of theresult.• 22 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 174 total polling stations inconstituency. Turnout was 205% of registeredvoters in PS 5173 and 177% in PS 5160, wherePPP obtained nearly all votes.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballots in 20polling stations (5158, 5164, 5167, 5168, 6160,5170, 6162, 5174, 6163, 6164, 6165, 6166,5159, 6159, 6168, 6164, and 6167).• PSOs were not permitted to observe the countin 10 polling stations (6160, 6161, 6162, 5161,6164, 6165, 6166, and 6167).• One or more polling booths were capturedin seven polling stations (5158, 5159, 5167,5168, 6161, 6163, 6165). Unidentified personspressured voters to choose a particularcandidate in PS 5158, 5159, 5168, 6163, 6164and 6164.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate625NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNo

SINDHNA-241Karachi-IIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly, with a different outcome (PVTestimate has ANP winning and MQM asrunner-up). However, several polling stationsin the sample have nearly all votes going toeither MQM or ANP, the omission of any oneof which would alter the PVT estimate andmargin of sampling error given the relativelysmall sample size.• PS 5196 had a turnout of 234% with all votesgoing to ANP.• 29 polling stations in final valid PVT sample outof a total of 170 total polling stations.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot papersin 10 polling stations [7150, 5189, 5190, 5194,5196, 5197, 5198 and 5199 (polling staff);5182 (party polling agents); 7151 (unidentifiedpersons)].• Unidentified individuals unlawfully assistedvoters behind voting screens in five pollingstations (5181, 5185, 5191, 5194, and 5199).Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-241Pakistan National Assembly Election 20081.403.645.882.3815.137.3712.3017.247.8324.5926.6438.8147.4862.4863.540 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 20 out of 170 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)68.32ECP ResultANPMQMPPPPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-241Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate521NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoPercentage0 50 100 150 200 250246234519683 81 79 775183518051825197Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,69616 531 12 213751961777 12 0 05183Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis63519059519450 5051995192Male37 375198519332 31 305187518551866.4518951840 0Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number16513613451941434 1 5 01518032671024 13051901598 85 101851992219229 95251921145 3 451825181To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.5313 2 2 8 593519378 164 157 3995197MaleGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberDummy polling station numbers To ensure observers’ necessary safety, for security FAFEN has of replaced polling station observersECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.23219 36 31251872718631 280518651 21 27251854625195 7151981920305189180 0 0 05184752 59 4 4518108 983 348545191485195FemaleVotes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-241MQM CandidatePML-N Candidate31PPP CandidateANP Candidate195 71462551915195215188Female5188

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-242Pakistan National Assembly Election 20084.817.339.8415.260 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT Estimate82.69ECP Result90.1692.6795.19MQMFAFEN observed 33 out of 197 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 200 400 600 80073523715981 78 73 59 57 42 36 2863152135214520952075203521052045226522452235205Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.103 82 81 71 65 65 58 57 55 53 49 47 46 41 37 29 29471521852005221521952205212520652225227520852255229520252325228523052175231Male Female MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number237PPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-242Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 7,534600 6324 0765017 01001690 0301456 05213521452095207273 931 05203103 878 030940 05210522697853 060563 052045224212 0 9493852235205193 4385 06 1577 0To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-242PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS3885 1175 023 1135 03 1082 00 1041 021 980 045 831 062 761 083 731 0119 669 033 735 0MQM Candidate66 665 068 615216521552115201Male Female MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis63 573 0605190521852215200522052195227522252255228521252065202523052085229Dummy polling station To numbers ensure observers’ necessary safety, for FAFEN security has of replaced polling station observersECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.1513 970382129 0521752324938805231657 6877 031 4349 077 829 012 861 05216521552015211247SINDHNA-242Karachi-IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly, but with same outcome. The PVTestimate has a slightly smaller margin of victoryfor MQM.• Turnout exceeded 100% in seven pollingstations – and reached as high as 735% in onepolling station. Nearly all votes in all of thesepolling stations went to MQM.• 31 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 197 total polling stations inconstituency.• In PS 5214, political party agents snatchedforms and accreditation cards from the PSOs,who were forbidden from observing the votecount. Turnout was 237% in this polling station,with 5,017 votes going to MQM.• In PS 5211, observers’ accreditation cardswere taken from them. They were also askedto leave the polling station but refused to doso.• In PS 5220, FAFEN PSOs reported that theatmosphere remained tense at the male pollingbooths due to the presence of MQM agents.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate122NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo

SINDHNA-243Karachi-VObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly, with a different outcome.However, PSOS were only able to collect datafor 13 of the original 31 polling stations in thesample, so the margin of error is large andthe sample too small for reliable statisticalinference.• PSOs did not report any incidents or problemsin the polling stations they observed. However,one PSO reported that there were problemsthe day before the election that preventedmost observers from observing. PSOs wereonly able to observe to 13 polling station dueto threats of harm against those who were tobe to sent to certain areas.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-243Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party11.428.8031.8337.910 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT Estimate60.44FAFEN observed 13 out of 197 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 6 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)67.0286.54ECP Result89.06PPPMQMPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate273NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo248Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-243Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 6059524433 33 33523752415236Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis235238Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,456155 14 1035 05244200859 2252378.25234625245435235Male Female MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number726 14 121 05241471 19 7 105236210 6 4705238110115 35234315243295242245233To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-243PPP CandidateMQM Candidate366 1414 05245PML-N CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS423 162505233Male Female MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberDummy polling station To numbers ensure observers’ necessary safety, for FAFEN security has of replaced polling station observersECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.1804245235224 4 148 05243264 57405242215252390727 352391013524003175240

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-244Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.145.314.967.490 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT EstimateECP Result90.4193.1693.0395.91MQMPPPFAFEN observed 32 out of 172 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-244Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100565052655263485266MaleFemale9187Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,52922 959 00 898 05263526529 692 0526680 79 78 77 76 76 74 73 73 71 69 6864 62 62 61 595648 48 46 444035 355275527052775254527352715274527652595262525052675272526952585253Mixed52685248526152605247524652575264524952515255Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number31 1498 052 1462 0525352613 1427 020 1332 05260527020 1191 067 1118 05269527111 1172 038 1126 05276527722 1073 1To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-244PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMaleFemaleMixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number96 969 05275527218 1023 0152 845 05258524840 954 027 961 015 950 015 941 0525952675273527425 876 057 795 052685257MQM Candidate50 788 0231852565252Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis277 433 05254524728 767 0117 636 052625246Dummy polling station To numbers ensure observers’ necessary safety, for FAFEN security has of replaced polling station observersECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.12 701 065 600 0525052493 645 028 363 05264525117 369 0188 153 05255525644 149 05252249SINDHNA-244Karachi IVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 32 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 172 total polling stations inconstituency• In seven polling stations (5260, 5261, 5263,5266, 5271, 5274 and 8160) party pollingagents expelled FAFEN PSOs and confiscatedtheir observation forms, returning completedforms for six of the seven. For those PSOs whoFAFEN was able to contact, they were afraidto name the party affiliation of the responsibleagents. In PS 5263, a party worker snatchedthe forms from the PSOs before throwing themout of the station.• PSOs at PS 5261 and 5271 reported that thepolling staff first denied the existence of FAFENand claimed that their ECP accreditation cardswere invalid.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot papersin four polling stations (5249, 5262, 5265, and5275).Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate266NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNo

SINDHNA-245Karachi-VIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 32 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 187 total polling stations inconstituency.• According to the PSO, polling staff in PS 5179,5299 and 5303 were not impartial in carryingout their duties.• FAFEN PSOs were not allowed in or nearPS 5282 and 5278. When they observed thestatement of the count In PS 5282, it reportedthat 6,250 votes were cast for MQM—a turnoutrate of 396%.• In PS 5148, FAFEN PSOs witnessed aclash between agents of PPP and MMA.They reported that PPP party pollingagents expressed concern about thedisproportionately high number of MMAagents present at the station, which escalatedinto a physical dispute that disrupted pollingfor 20 minutes. The Presiding Officer, AssistantPresiding Officer and police brought thesituation under control.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate222NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoCandidate's Party250PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-245Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.847.4711.099.100 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT EstimatePakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis86.2590.3688.17ECP Result94.47MQMFAFEN observed 32 out of 187 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 100 200 300 4006443 38528952945293MaleFemale396Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.PPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-245Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 6,440528952942647 0529386 8367 66 66 64 64 63 57 55 52 48 48 47 44 42 41 41 41 39 37 35 35 27 26 25 25 24528252795303528452865281530552925304528053015278528553085302Mixed53065288529752985287529952835309530752915295529652905300Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number6250 190158 401378 29 101325 23528253035281528091302 2 4766 395 7151089 761106 23 111090 202To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-2451134 28 102647 4 04115MQM CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS1043 1465284529953065304527853051046 8 01001 29 18MaleFemaleMixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number916 39 18910 3 8 0856 50252795301529252985286861 306749 13790 1 9689 38 155288528553085287To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.1PPP Candidate1596 12685 39 0617 460448173 11218221 1452835297530953023 345530052961142 4967 1553294 50 2223 7 05307529152955290

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-246Pakistan National Assembly Election 20081.583.456.4911.400 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 31 out of 203 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 3 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)88.24ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-246Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)93.1195.5997.99MQMPPPSINDHNA-246Karachi-VIIIObservation Notes• P PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent.• 31 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 203 total polling stations inconstituency.• Turnout in PS 5337 reached 123%, withthe PPP receiving 906 votes and the MQMreceiving 893 votes. The MQM received nearlyall votes in the remaining polling stations.• In PS 5332, a party polling agent intimidatedand threatened FAFEN observers. A FAFENPSO was thrown out and his forms were tornup when one or more polling booths werecaptured. The vote count at the end of the daywas much higher than the actual number ofvoters seen entering the polling station.• In nine polling stations (5311, 5312, 5314,5317, 5318, 5324, 5331, 5333 and 5339),FAFEN PSOs were not allowed to observethe entire process and could only collect thestatement of the count at the end of the day.Percentage0 50 100 15012388 86 82 80 77 75 71 69 69 68 67 66 66 66 65 64 64 61 60 59 57 57 55 53 51 47 43 43 42355337531753115310532553165312Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,799906 893 014 1570 250 1491 17533953215327533453205340531353265331Mixed53145315533553365319533353295324532353285330531853225332Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number42 1307 2227 1257 1255 1151 3639 1128 1738 1127 1828 1127 038 1098 619 1114 059 913 5To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-246PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS35 896 3636 862 1958 834 7MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number35 844 715 870 2117 860 235 833 1332 831 65337531053255321531153365312533153265314534053205334533353175332533953165313532413 827 8MQM Candidate54 774 053155327To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis12 797 141 735 120 724 053295319532829 695 762 658 05335532235 625 053189 618 770 436 6533849 417 8533853305323251Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate84NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoYesNoNoYesNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo

SINDHNA-247Karachi-IXObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 33 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 154 total polling stations inconstituency.• Turnout reached 111% in PS 5346, with nearlyall votes going to MQM.• FAFEN PSOs reported that they wereprohibited by polling staff from observinginside 4 polling stations (5354, 5365, 5366and 5373). They were also prohibited fromobserving the vote counts. In PS 5355, PSOswere not allowed to observe the entire processinside male and female polling booths.• One or more polling booths were ‘captured’ inthree polling stations (5341, 5342, and 5365).Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-247Pakistan National Assembly Election 20082.596.009.407.590 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT EstimateECP Result90.2493.6791.2997.09MQMFAFEN observed 35 out of 154 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)PPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-247Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)111Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate215NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo252Percentage0 50 100616.948535753585371MaleFemale80 77 75 74 73 71 71 7166 66 64 63 62 62 62 62 60 59 59 56 55 5248 47534653505362534553645353535953445361537253555360537453655370Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis53525363Mixed41 40 3933 32 3053565354537353675343534753485366534953515341536953685342Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,7156 1090 372 105011 922 3MaleFemale16 1686 13127 1556 175357535853715372537025 1645 2536411 1626 046 1583 60 1598 053555374534530 1553 1411 1573 012 1468 15To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-247PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS11 1248 628 1160 029 1093 28MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station4 1092 019 1058 534 1018 264 1048 22 1043 07 1021 210 1010 35362535353545356536353525361535953605373536653505365To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.35 937 9MQM Candidate141 822 55349534422 852 017 796 739 757 1153465347535125 754 5375 337 0342 293 8342 293 853485368534253418 598 1369 188 85343536921 243 0

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-248Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party0.025.488.9512.413.977.3710.775.941.643.415.183.6573.1779.5079.140 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 32 out of 132 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 808868 655685.83PPPIND 1MQMPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-248Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)4035 35 34 33 32 31 31 31 30 30 29 28 27 26 26 25 25 24 23 23 23 221916 1513 125405540353985393540453825392538153895391539553975399538353805394Mixed537853855402540153775406537653795388537553965386538453905387Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,4012382 50 141432 871012 10 17 25 075725208 0391 16 080 920 655405539353985392538353990795 4289420 160 206 3 50818 218 0572666 115172 054045395538254025377583 14 180 0653 20 7216 0To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-248PPP Candidate PML-N Candidate MQM CandidateIndependent Candidate 1146 4379475 1157215 0Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS5 0702 1927MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number316 0 203 147 053975394540153855376667 331128475 45 152 021280 39 311 24616 19 0 15351 948 182 0399 10 211 10337 163 60 695406537553805391540353885381To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis9453 13 103 021251 2 270 04631464539653785379538983317 714230 58 41 104 0254 59 2439 00217 35 31 415400236 16381753845390538654005387253SINDHNA-248Karachi-XObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent.• 32 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 132 total polling stations inconstituency.• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotpapers in eight polling stations [9150, 5401,and 9151 (polling staff); 5375, 5381, 9152,5388, 5403, 5404 (unidentified persons)].• Unauthorized persons pressured voters tochoose a particular candidate or party symbolin six polling stations [5381, 5394, 5403,5404 (polling staff); 5380 (MQM party pollingagents); 5377 (unidentified persons)].• Unidentified individuals unlawfully assistedvoters behind voting screens in nine pollingstations (5381, 9153, 5387, 5388, 9154, 5394,9155, 5404 and 5405).• FAFEN PSOs were unable to observe thecount in 9150, 9151, 9152, 9153, 9154 and9155.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate864NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNo

SINDHNA-249Karachi-XIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but PVT outcome would be different,with PPP winning by a close margin.• There was one polling station (PS 5410) with157% turnout and 4,420 votes cast for PPP.• 36 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 147 total polling stations inconstituency.• One or more booths were ‘captured’ in eightpolling stations (5410, 5417, 5420, 5424, 5425,5427, 5431 and 5442).• In PS 5410, 5419, 5424 and 5431, femalevoters’ ballot boxes were full despite little or nopresence of female voters at the station.• Unauthorized persons stamped ballot papers innine polling stations (5410, 5419, 5424, 5425,5427, 5431, 5420, 5428, and 5436)• Voters were pressured in favor of a particularcandidate or party symbol in nine pollingstations [5420, 5427, 5437 and 5439 (pollingstaff); 5410, 5424,5425, 5427, and 5431(unidentified persons)].Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate340YesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNoCandidate's Party254PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-249Pakistan National Assembly Election 200834.3832.9340.160 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 36 out of 147 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 5 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 50 100 15015750.2248.57Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis56.8866.0764.22ECP ResultPPPMQMTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-249Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)96 95 9179 7871 7063 60 60 60 57 55 555046 45 44 42 40 39 36 3327 27 26 24 23 23 22 22 22 20 18 1754105411542154225440543854235414Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 4,4254420 502954 1046 2478 324 2334 29541054115438542354415412540954075413543954155434540854335416Mixed54425420541854315432541954305435542954175426542454365428542554375427Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number97 2062 121542111 1879 241646 8 01525 1 101515 2 0544154125413540750 1384 171434 5 05434540929 1341 0122 1133 65440542250 1183 7To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-249PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS1214 1 01185 105550 635 05439541454155420MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number97 1061 0254 832 1554425418901 168 0541612 981 5978 0275 638 05433540854313 814 07 388 954325419To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.MQM Candidate148 563 11385 31313397 267 11431 222 225429543054265435413 192 0366 225 4270 319 4542854175425199 379 0348 175 4309138 17323 81 15424542754365437

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-250Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.203.345.147.080 20 40 60Percent Vote36.9236.1442.6345.2244.5949.9653.5353.04MQMPPPPML-NSINDHNA-250Karachi-XIIObservation Notes• In PS 5452, polling staff pressured voters tocast ballots in favor of a particular candidate orparty symbol.• In PS 5454, unidentified persons unlawfullyassisted voters behind the voting screen.• Rejected ballots were neither registered norreplaced with fresh ones in 14 polling stations(9003, 5444, 5445, 5450, 5457, 5461, 5462,5463, 5464, 5466, 9001, 5469, 5471 and 9004).PVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 37 out of 141 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 12 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-250Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 20 40 60 807363604937 37 36 3530 29 29 29 27 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 242220 19165460545654725466546754585448Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,12258 852 203 8 1 025 634 338 2 02717 144 811 2 054525446544354635465544554475453Mixed54495464545054515459546154545457546254445470546854695455Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number7 168 74 1 02 126 321 0 126 05467545654605443544819 98 708 2 1 037 614 160 6 3 05466545820 152 633 7 0 037 682 61 9 0 0544954570 642 130 9 0 0211 306 250 075 321 356 6 0 0545154655459To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-250PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate MQM CandidateIndependent Candidate 4 Independent Candidate 5 Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS830 492 193 1 0 054509 130 563 1 0 0MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number1354 568 58 0 05445546454 59 45 0 054523 153 518 7 1 082 306 220 26180544754610 419 212 054720 419 211 054 273 244 23 0 054535462To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.39Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis12 335 215 13 0102 27 157 2 5 049 245 238 21 0 054545463546941 214 230 22 1718 325 154 017 210 235 12 0 0643 366 00 114 197 6 07054710 0 0 0 0 0547054445455544654685471255Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate315NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

SINDHNA-251Karachi-XIIIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent, but PVT outcome would be different,with PPP winning by a close margin. There wasone polling station (PS 5410) with 157% turnoutand 4,420 votes cast for PPP.• 36 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 147 total polling stations inconstituency.• One or more booths were ‘captured’ in eightpolling stations (5410, 5417, 5420, 5424, 5425,5427, 5431 and 5442). Unauthorized personsstamped ballot papers in nine polling stations(5410, 5419, 5424, 5425, 5427 and 5431, 5420,5428 and 5436). Voters were pressured in favorof a particular candidate or party symbol in ninepolling stations (5420, 5427, 5437, 5439, 5410,5424, 5425, 5427 and 5431).• In PS 5436, MQM and PPP clashed violentlyover petty differences.• FAFEN PSOs witnessed MQM casting fakevotes after they ‘captured’ polling station 5430.A substantial number of voters were alsounable to cast ballots.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate246NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNoCandidate's Party256PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-251Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.676.819.944.9813.3315.9516.1316.6821.6424.2027.1432.4535.09Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis46.8858.6662.480 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 38 out of 142 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80866561 59494542 41 40 40 40 38 38 37 37 37 36 36 36 34 34 34 34 33 31 30 29 2825 25 24 2420 20 1954875507549955065478550954945474Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,20054865482548054925484549354755483549755035476Mixed5488548554735495548154965502549054985501550554895477549155085479Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberMQMPPPPML-NIND 3Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-251Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)779 652 134 635 054873642 1518 1 0663 654 3 10 0550654783713 973 1 0481 170 177 173 23550754931934 945 1 121063 0 811 50 2689 883 4 3 05509549454742818 918 2 9460 272 66 152 34467 68 309 10549954885495104 97 680 5627486 139 195 16 0327 263 247 95 088 787 40 5 0To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-251PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate MQM CandidateIndependent Candidate 38306 112 380 122 054805484549654765483Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS29 867 176547525149 8076352 710 33814137 603 54 054735482163 312 209 137 0259 125 321 107 35735 5 0381820 3 03511744 586 4 42311708 8 0388 106 81 06289 631 7 0165 475 16 4 0MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number5492548154855486To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.82 75 8 827154975505550255035490550457 96 464 0321 106 34 98 50547754985489145.15504550082 48 6510 5 28 395 2 7155 316 014 413 0 020 2 262 875501547915133550854915500

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-252Pakistan National Assembly Election 200810.1516.6223.0921.5575.4474.2582.040 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 25 out of 142 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-252Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Percentage0 50 100 150 200 25025289 83 79 7364 64Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 3,953269 3650 30488 2118 11 095 1439 5 088.6452 51 48 48 43 40 36 36 35 32 32 31 28 27 25 20 17 15551355195514551755205524551255165511553255225510Mixed551855335515MQMPPP5521553455255529553055265523553155275528Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number37 1452 7 474 1309 3 0116 1183 10 75121 923 17 024122 90023324122 900126 837 195513551955175520551455165512551155105522To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-252PML-N Candidate PPP Candidate MQM CandidateMMA CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS91 821 15 21489 423 5 7MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number279 594 2 0551555245533434 403 6 0157 675 7 887 631 5 13107 527 8 1430 561 4Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis66 471 206552555345532552655185521Dummy polling station numbers To ensure observers’ necessary safety, for FAFEN security has of replaced polling station observersECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.129 369 1 0356 91 3013352 4505529553155301530 1 4 30265 38 0151 128 8 8552355275528257SINDHNA-252Karachi-XIVObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differ veryslightly for the winner, but with the sameoutcome.• 25 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 142 total polling stations inconstituency.• In 17 polling stations (5513, 2001, 5514, 5521,5532, 2002, 5519, 5521, 5522, 5528, 2003,2004, 5531, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 5532),polling agents and polling staff were pressuredvoters to choose a particular candidate orparty symbol.• FAFEN PSOs witnessed a party’s pollingagents stamping ballots in six polling stations(5522, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 5532).Other unauthorized persons stamped ballotsin three additional polling stations (5513, 5534and 5526).• In PS 5514, 5521, 5532, 2002, 2003, 2005 and2011, PSOs reported that a party’s agents castmultiple ballot papers.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate305YesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNo

SINDHNA-253Karachi-IObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result differsignificantly. The PPP won by a larger marginin the PVT sample, and the PVT estimateshows a different runnerup (PML-N rather thanMQM).• 31 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 180 total polling stations inconstituency.• FAFEN PSOs were not permitted to observe atall in two polling stations (PS 4151 and 4152),despite having appropriate accreditation. Theywere not permitted to observe the count in PS5138 and 4153.• PSOs witnessed polling staff stamping ballotpapers in polling stations 5130, 5138 and 5151and unauthorized persons stamping ballots inPS 5144.• In PS 5148, FAFEN PSOs witnessed a clashbetween agents of PPP and MMA, thatdisrupted polling for 20 minutes. The PresidingOfficer, Assistant Presiding Officer and policebrought the situation under control.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate502NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoCandidate's Party258PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-253Pakistan National Assembly Election 200812.4617.6322.8030.130 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 25 out of 203 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 18 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100543355355536Female89 8874Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis62.0371.07ECP Result76.9482.8169 6753 50 48 47 46 46 45 43 40 39 37 35 34 343027 2517553955405554555755525544555355425555555655465547MixedMQMPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-253Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)55415551553855485559554355505549553755585545Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,693123 495 1447 264 155355536Female217 1476 0217 1426 089 1320 17554055395544126 1068 2443 733 7597 1028 096 1015 05547555455525545To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-253PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS44 920 092 855 0MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number364 586 072 818 8554155465557555369 708 3108 732 1378 723 6553855565542To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.105 665 1MQM Candidate105 665 11111 544 9286 319 20555955495555555148 493 16365 626269 228 13211 210 7209 66255435550554855585537

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-254Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party1.604.553.208.627.509.2219.2629.9061.4074.180 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 27 out of 154 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)86.9585.55MQMPPPPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-254Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)SINDHNA-254Karachi-XVIObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 28 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 154 total polling stations inconstituency.• Turnout exceeded 100% in four polling stations(5565, 5575, 5576 and 5577) with nearly allvotes going to MQM. PSOs were unable toobserve the count in PS 990.• Unauthorized persons were stamping ballotpapers in six polling stations [5560, 5570,5571, 5574 (unidentified); 5565, 990 and 5576(polling staff); 5569 (armed men)].• One or more booths were captured in eightpolling stations (5560, 5561, 5562, 5564, 5565,5569, 5576 and 5582).• A number of voters were unable to cast theirvotes in PS 5582 due to the presence of armedmen.Percentage0 50 100 150116 112 110 10792 90 89 878155655575557655775560556673 69 65 6256 55 53 50 49 48 48 47 43 39 37 332455855564557855705567558455795572Mixed556155735568558155835580558255745571556355695562Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 2,0967814 2004 03522 1924 010545 1819 0101927 046528 1804 0218 1815 0141704 037351700 0143812 1620 0277 1615 055755560557755785585558455765565556655641400 103 60To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-254PPP CandidateMQM Candidate219 1501 055795570231 1509 0MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number181312 013636 362 1280556155685573PML-N CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS900 1017169 100 514 0801 10433558255745583To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.5386 855 0Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis700 1054733098348 455 48157 815 0556755805563557255691363650706 15 1755715581336 403 035 411 016558655625586259Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate580NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo

SINDHNA-256Karachi-XVIIIObservation Notes• Only 7 of the 25 polling stations in final validPVT sample out of a total of 156 total pollingstations in constituency returned information toFAFEN.• Polling staff pressured voters to choose aparticular candidate or party symbol in twopolling stations (PS 5587 and 5588). In PS5587, unauthorized persons were stampingballot papers. In PS 5588, unauthorizedpersons went behind the voting screen to helpvoters.• MQM workers created violence in PS 5587.• Polling station observers who were unable toreturn forms said that they were beaten andthat their forms were taken and torn up.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-256Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.716.7211.649.4810.0516.5716.3814.4366.8574.7777.630 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 7 out of 154 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)88.41MQMPML-NPPPPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate342NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNoYesYesNoTurnout and Rejected Ballots in final valid PVT sample by Polling Station, NA-256260Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 914Percentage0 10 20 30 40 50106 140 668 05591505592Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)385591Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis265593225589MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.51 100 704 0559277 111 501 05593109 517 01955901155879.25588To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-256PPP CandidateMQM CandidateMixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number5589PML-N CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS138 409 05590To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.13165 0558717114 60 3 05588

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-257Pakistan National Assembly Election 20083.5212.4421.3624.470 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 26 out of 190 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 8 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 807156127953365610561156148076 75 7469 68 67 65 64560956005604561956165606560156025603559971.40Male Female Mixed77.9586.92ECP Result95.8961 60 5954 5249 4742 42MQMPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-257Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis37235607560555975595559856175613560856155618Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,919264 0 878 05612111 893 094 475 0137 4 316 0561056145611102 1907 0103 1718 0103 1718 0112 1688 0141599 027To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-257PPP CandidateMQM CandidateMale Female MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number1550 017115 1377 04215 1313 0132 1275 0153 1159 05609560155995600560756065605560256045603PML-N CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PS101163 1 5121101 4165619559799 998 01060 019656175608To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.612 922 0433 6 497 05613559866 804 0441 0 175 0190 61 950213 212205616559555945615201.25594559612 7 194 0141 456185596261SINDHNA-257Karachi-XIXObservation Notes• The ECP sent the wrong voter list to PS 5596,due to which voters had to return from thepolling station without casting any votes.However, 19 votes were still registered in thevote count.• FAFEN PSOs reported “mayhem” at PS 5605.Different party agents were coaxing votersto cast ballots in their party’s favor, whicheventually turned into “free-for-all ballotstamping”.At the same polling station, ballotboxes in women’s booths were full eventhough there were hardly any female voters.• According to PSOs, MQM agents “stirred uptrouble” in PS 5611, preventing 15 voters fromcasting ballots. The duration of the incidentwas 2 hours and 20 minutes. The FAFENPSOs had to seek protection in a safe placedue to aerial firing and direct threats againstthem.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate203NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNo

SINDHNA-258Karachi-XXObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result statisticallyequivalent• 32 polling stations in final valid PVT sampleout of a total of 219 total polling stations inconstituency• Turnout reached 116% in PS 5630.• Rejected ballots were neither registered norreplaced in 15 polling stations (5620, 5621,5626, 5627, 790, 5631, 791, 5633, 5634, 5635,5636, 5638, 5625, 5626 and 5647). PSOs wereunable to observe the count in PS 790 and791.• In PS 5624, a candidate’s driver was stoppedfrom entering the polling station to vote, dueto which there was an exchange of hot words.As a result, polling was suspended for half anhour and 30 voters were unable to cast theirvotes.• In PS 5638, some voters left without castingtheir votes due to shortage of ballot papers.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-258Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party1.531.956.526.808.8712.8011.1024.070 20 40 60 80 100Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 32 out of 219 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 17 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)65.1977.2579.59ECP Result89.31PPPMQMIND 1Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-258Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate429NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNo262Percentage0 50 100 150564033562256245625116655630562386 85 83 8174 71 68 68 66 62 60 5651 50 50 49393529 29 28 27 24 23 1956395638562156295632563456405641563756335636Male Female MixedPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis56425628562056275631564556355626564356445646564956485647Gender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station NumberNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Turnout.Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,691716 0338 6562256251 11 3179 980 0264 200 01302 1 5179 980 01163 9793 0107 07115624563056231667 2 4564156295645563256485636To ensure observers’ safety, FAFEN has replacedECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.Votes Polled by Top Candidates in Polling Station Sample, NA-2580PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSMale Female MixedGender Mix and FAFEN Dummy Polling Station Number60 1039 451023 0911 3788 01889883 10112383161379656445642564056265635562156435631580 0MQM Candidate523 25 771 36677 5 10683 0668 2 15628562756345633563956205649Dummy polling station To numbers ensure observers’ necessary safety, for FAFEN security has of replaced polling station observersECP polling station numbers with its own numbering system.5667 2255 562212155 15564756465637200 05638

Section VBaluchistanNA-259 to NA-272

BALUCHISTANNA-259QuettaObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample) some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 31 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 278 polling stations inconstituency.• According to FAFEN PSOs, polling staffmembers stamped ballot papers on behalf ofsome voters in PS 39 and 44.• One or more polling booths were reportedly‘captured’ in each of 2 polling stations (37 and46).Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-259Pakistan National Assembly Election 20082.326.294.407.1011.7216.3510.887.25 10.258.5911.1418.8018.7226.4734.9341.000 20 40 60 80Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 31 out of 278 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 18 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)50.4966.05ECP ResultPPPPML-QPML-NMMAIND 3Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate190NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesPercentage0 20 40 60264Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-2595044233025513929269332112 12 11 117.6 7.5 7.5Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 66023114 2622330475 6 2 7156 51 17318 988 108 6316 35 18 8 142 693325352051Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)29 72 24 265 3.4 3181353920341467661729Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis5629542228503827 251816 1513 118.6278371013Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-259PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate PML-N CandidateMMA Candidate Independent Candidate 3 Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS0 2449445 29 32 4 12 910 50 2 67 14 129 1512141217103214 22 5025 36 33 3 0228 13 32 3 01255 371637 6118139346667141729516 14 21 2548 5 1 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station62822171 241 98 0222 6 45 6 17543813(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)13 23 29 376 41 7572 45 45 7370 40 43242 129 18 6 11152 58 23 1 55 35 94 12 927850103727631 20 19 9276

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-260Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.863.2010.9713.1519.1220.5223.3728.2927.9029.3433.4435.2842.2640.680 10 20 30 40Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 23 out of 216 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 13 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 8094386033303442987266923 222465191117 17Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 82049421588135210187943.52ECP ResultPercent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)41725748PPPPML-QMMAHDPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-26044152 403 0 113 34173 54 0 235 0253 199 1 58 086 235 0 108 54175 127 1 47 13Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-260PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate Hazara Democratic Party CandidateMMA Candidate943696049202 63 0 75 042259 3640 1211155 115 1 23Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS6530 115 1 132 108738 40 0 154 274241206 7888142 1703735218167 60658190 110 350 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)77 17 5 1 7475841157 294 1 167 697676167 330 269 43Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis474175 205 38 1742222813216 2 189 081222355 46 1 105 104713114714793 13202048236 16 14 1732321380 13 2 8 0265BALUCHISTANNA-260Quetta/ChagaiObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample) some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 23 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 216 polling stations inconstituency.• According to FAFEN PSOs, polling staffmembers stamped ballot papers on behalf ofsome voters in PS 32 and 265.• PSOs reported that PMLQ agents tried toinfluence voters or exerted pressure on themto favor their party or candidate in PS88. InPS87 polling staff members were observed tohave been attempting the same.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate113NoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNo

BALUCHISTANNA-261Pishin/ZiaratObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample) some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 25 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 195 polling stations inconstituency.• According to FAFEN PSOs, polling staffmembers stamped ballot papers on behalf ofsome voters in PS06.• PSOs reported that polling staff memberstried to influence voters or exerted pressureon them to favor their party or candidate in PS198.• One or more polling booths were reportedly‘captured’ in PS 06.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate295YesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNo266PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-261Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party-0.765.212.946.742.86-0.196.102.417.8210.8312.7112.8412.3815.8317.0822.7722.4228.350 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 17 out of 195 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 17 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10043.13140.8131526.5 25.8 25561521.199.831.2943.6Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis525851233.4534.137.44ECP Result19.144.1476.146.7440.3 39.4Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 645Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station161265462MMAPML-QPPPIND 1ANPPML-NTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-26152Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-26153139 20 401 712215200 135 11 5189176106 2125567161222558571845111 829 592 1183 230 90 0 90 02Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)16209 152 252 1 012117 67 51 711275 154 29 37 0 59 2636229142 205 126 12161554230 65 11418.1 17.7MMA Candidate PML-Q Candidate PPP Candidate Independent Candidate 1ANP Candidate PML-N Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS61 43 109 36 0205 4135 36 8 62 00 1399 12 6 4317 97 97320 2 218218120 56 1 23

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-262Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008-6.58-2.085.6113.1013.299.6319.1220.2220.2031.8433.4632.6340.9446.9950.590 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultFAFEN observed 18 out of 200 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 7 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 200 400 600 800Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-26291.9544.3 25.3 24.4 18.41597210 010623197462418122165 16162.7648.4 42.7 23.9 10.5 4.9 0 0Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 5,0234471042 31515334 1271622128533121291457Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)161 44 12103Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-262MMA Candidate PPP Candidate ANP CandidateIndependent Candidate 11 07411026910101062720 2261 42 0192311 442 6 022240 2494 049161406 10Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)1639 1 27 2 06665664366Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS9361 2 3325943153MMAPPPANPIND 1Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis3666159646561058650335833267BALUCHISTANNA-262Qila AbdullahObservation Notes• 19 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 200 polling stations inconstituency. (Due to one or more problemswith access to some polling stations (PS)in the original random sample) the finalsample size is not sufficiently large for reliablestatistical inference.• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers on behalf ofsome voters in 3 polling stations: polling staffin PS 15 and 16; polling agents in PS 33.• Reported turnout in PS 19 was 746%.• PSOs reported that polling staff members triedto influence voters or exerted pressure onthem to favor certain parties or candidates in 3polling stations (19, 43 and 59).• One or more polling booths were reportedly‘captured’ in each of 7 polling stations (16, 21,43, 59, 65, 66 and 78).• In PS 23 voters were unable to cast ballots dueto absence of polling staff.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate465YesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNo

BALUCHISTANNA-263Loralai/MusakhelObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample) some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 25 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 280 polling stations inconstituency.• Reported turnout in PS 274 was 107%.• According to FAFEN PSOs, polling staffmembers stamped ballot papers on behalf ofsome voters in 4 polling stations (42, 63, 67and 221).• PSOs reported that polling staff members triedto influence voters or exerted pressure onthem to favor certain parties or candidates in 4polling stations (41, 42, 100 and 119).• According to PSO reports, a PMLQ agentverbally harassed the presiding officer in PS140.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate552NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNo268PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-263Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party5.2211.0110.8812.6912.3517.3619.2919.4921.9525.4027.5731.970 20 40 60Percent VotePVT Estimate34.13FAFEN observed 26 out of 280 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 12 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80 10099.83380.321855.6223Male30.4221751538.34Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis107Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,971274636158.524344.4 43.6 42.926826946.58ECP ResultPercent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)24032.994Mixed26.7Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station7155.5621.1 19.2 198.98418442100PML-NPPPPML-QMMATurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-263331900 055Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-26388MMA Candidate PPP Candidate PML-Q CandidatePML-N Candidate0 436 201 34 0223130 10935 96 26218Male7598 100 100 721354 53 72 49132210 417 238 69 1124330 508 551130268Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS3 437 78 53362742313 0MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)0 54426963187 30126 167 129490 10 253 507212166 190 042374121 154 83 67 3 30 181 31 3 0240187152373451225 10 9 1 08404356010043.39103022530103

PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-266Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party3.104.746.384.172.07-0.674.449.5530.280 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 35 out of 240 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 3% or more (of 17 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)36.2135.4239.3746.6848.4252.50ECP ResultTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-266Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)57.15PPPIND 2PML-QIND 10BALUCHISTANNA-266Nasirabad/JaffarabadObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample) some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 41 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 240 polling stations inconstituency.• According to FAFEN PSOs, unauthorizedpersons stamped ballot papers on behalf ofsome voters in 5 polling stations: polling staffmembers in PS 201 and 236; others in PS32,101(f) and 262.• PSOs reported that unidentified persons triedto influence voters or exerted pressure onthem to favor certain parties or candidates in 4polling stations (101(f), 201, 249 and 331).Percentage0 20 40 6038 373528 28 2825 24 23 21 21121901951333920126216227868149103290243141217 16 158.45710124939158463233137133418538 3731 31 3026 25 24 22 21 2017 1512 12 1214766359236Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 1,042540 072 2 0206 21 346 19 021 6 46 217 04216 5 20 277 19 0411 170732 47 248 2 48220 16 111 15 0191 36 141 0Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station91 9 201 0163 14 74 258171 50 26 26 01201179 0351 34 131 15 3299 50 89 058 22 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station28 006 8 0822 3 59 05420 126 394 43181853 9 524253 2 256 11 0328 4115 33 0Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis40 28 290 5 76595395 18 36 162 18252 6 54 6 567 10 212 40 034188130Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-266PPP Candidate PML-Q Candidate Independent Candidate 2Independent Candidate 10Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS168 18 811620 9 37 26239 444 35 099 178 05177 3 86 23 06384 26 149 12 013235013190339195278262103162201681492903142491210139158323311853716634114733435959236130538863350132(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)18242 14 34 0 20175 58 197 3 5388 27 63 3 23121 3136 14 0269Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate461YesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYes

BALUCHISTANNA-268Kalat/MastungObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample) some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 25 polling stations selected for PVT sample outof a total of 86 polling stations in constituency,however, the 24 polling stations for which dataare available may not be distributed randomly.Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-268Pakistan National Assembly Election 20082.646.4611.2210.1814.0713.3814.8114.5716.1617.7319.2919.0422.2121.1024.1924.0225.8929.55 32.4929.610 10 20 30Percent VotePVT EstimateECP ResultPPPNPIND 6MMAIND 1FAFEN observed 24 out of 86 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 5% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate176NoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNoYesYesNoYesYesNoPercentage0 20 40 60 80 100270Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-2685639 3832111444308Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis179142665312638 38 37Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 80811249 120 198 70 140 3156207 140 46 7 123 13201 107 42 59 132 181254 87 41 17 36 68Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)172 121 120 6 4943841352434 32 31 31 29 27 2725 22 20 20 20 18Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-268PPP Candidate National Party Candidate MMA CandidateIndependent Candidate 1 Independent Candidate 6 Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS4245 1830 511 2 1535142 240 56 8 173 201581 162 62 32 191 52159 49 193 8 102 37117 182 64 40 107 3514 226 181 101 571810 3 0Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station1263760(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)243 3904917262 2372 0 74 7411391129 101 6 198 546055209 039 1 130 015548 74 233 29 2 93749207 45 42 3114 0143112 3 85 4 106 131395050133 37 48 7 47 13547240 125 47 439 20723813 80 2012 158 15303067 87 48 3017 05557 13 89 4 1651436651 42 12 119664

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-269Pakistan National Assembly Election 20082.875.356.818.507.848.9910.2610.9812.8715.1517.3219.1421.9924.3828.2727.170 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 24 out of 220 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 5% or more (of 11 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)30.0231.1138.48ECP Result48.67IND 2MMANPPPPIND 3BALUCHISTANNA-269KhuzdarObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample) some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• Turnout exceeds 101% in PS 167.• 25 polling stations selected for PVT sampleout of a total of 220 polling stations inconstituency, however, the 24 polling stationsfor which data areavailable may not bedistributed randomly.Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-269Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)101Percentage0 20 40 60 80 1005753109140361833533100Male7828 2893882052167151Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 92127 66 156 581 0 91149 194 62 111 33213967 100 133 149 2140100931427819 413 01098374 041 145 32 26Male784444168393517819833 32 32 31 312476184Mixed29 28Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis2752189Gender Mix and Number of Polling StationVotes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-269PPP Candidate National Party Candidate MMA Candidate48 75 59 141 232743 108 33 25 43 1518874 2522 57 71 923 95 475 111 40 257616826 36 100 107 5 5201 89 184 13 26167248 161 55 232 42414 138 18 72 29 1 412121 146 22 2 43107 188 38 49 83 22 45101829 127 21 0 0MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station44178189(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)31277468 3319 54 3 1426 68 4 3042 79 2 63118257710424 22Independent Candidate 2 Independent Candidate 3 Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS074196271166 11040 47 48 1196204184151198142042245235 51 7271Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate178NoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNo

BALUCHISTANNA-270Awaran/LasbelaObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample) some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 23 polling stations selected for PVT sample outof a total of 66 polling stations in constituency,however, the polling stations for which data areavailable may not be distributed randomly.• Reported turnout in PS37 was 109%.PVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-270Pakistan National Assembly Election 2008Candidate's Party0 20 40 60Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 23 out of 66 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 5% or more (of 2 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)37.3642.0445.4547.6652.3454.55ECP Result57.9662.64PML-QPPPPre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate63NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoYesYesNo272Percentage0 20 40 60 80 100Turnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-270756633499929981122848142Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis23194015217109826462534442 40Male Female MixedNote: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency TurnoutNumber of Votes Cast for Candidates0 90675257 621 2899311 211 2033258 147 26230 266 11112Percent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)175 182 148142371061891231222983353159153Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station192 126 19129 66 04015284 87 7Male Female MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station8925 771 20599 2610153380 192 2922161 241 44207 213 2012154(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)320 85 116243 312 49301 72937191 18183111 167 2227 26 25 24Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-270PPP CandidateNumber of Spoiled Ballots in PSPML-Q Candidate99 181 0201236215412 261 16193 126727231 145 12205918109 63 13

Candidate's PartyPVT Estimate and Election Commission Result, NA-271Pakistan National Assembly Election 20082.432.668.127.8311.3911.1013.7612.9912.2015.9317.8719.7622.0823.740 10 20 30 40 50Percent VotePVT EstimateFAFEN observed 16 out of 86 total polling stationsEstimate for candidates winning 5% or more (of 9 total candidates) in dashed column framed by +/- margin of error (95% confidence)Percentage0 20 40 60 80Number of Votes Cast for Candidates0 507357214Female18590881951 50Note: Dashed line represents AVERAGE PVT Constituency Turnout214530.7930.7130.0347 463233.22424439.35ECP ResultPercent Turnout (Votes Polled as % of Registered)6841Mixed37 36Gender Mix and Number of Polling Station20148.58PML-QIND 1MMABNPAPPPTurnout and Rejected Ballots in PVT Sample by Polling Station, NA-27128 89 265 114 117Votes Polled by Candidate in Observed Polling Stations, NA-271PML-Q Candidate Independent Candidate 1 MMA Candidate18 55 125 121 139 05Female80 118 53 0 35 6490483 6 119311 87 300 16 1457126 203 31 1121516 62 47 241 4191MixedGender Mix and Number of Polling Station(Only votes for candidates receiving more than 3% of constituency total shown)95161 161 9 11321 212 131 0 8645 124 21 50 113 020125995 176 47 222Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis6857192 63 15 4212594579 119 33 0 47 9344230191103 99 32 014249514 89 40 81 1316427 26Baloch Ntl Pty-Awami Candidate PPP Candidate Number of Spoiled Ballots in PS2116486 36 1 1712273BALUCHISTANNA-271Kharan/WashukObservation Notes• PVT Estimate and ECP Result are statisticallyequivalent. Due to one or more problems withaccess to some polling stations (PS) in theoriginal random sample) some polling stationshad to be substituted for others. In mostcases, this was the closest PS to the samplePS, however, the resulting sample may not bereliable for accurate statistical inference.• 16 polling stations selected for PVT sample outof a total of 86 polling stations in constituency.(Due to one or more problems with accessto some polling stations (PS) in the originalrandom sample) the final sample size isnot sufficiently large for reliable statisticalinference.• According to FAFEN PSOs, polling staffmembers stamped ballot papers on behalf ofsome voters in 3 polling stations (57, 59 and 90).• PSOs reported that polling staff members triedto influence voters or exerted pressure onthem to favor certain parties or candidates inPS 90 and 95.Pre-Election Process at a GlanceNumber of reported violations of Code of Conduct forPolitical Parties and Contesting Candidates.Political parties intimidate voters to boycott elections.Political parties mobilize voters through mass contact.Political parties mobilize voters using state resources.Political parties mobilize voters on ethnic basis.Political parties mobilize voters on religious basis.Final Electoral Roll, including supplemental namesfrom 2002 voters’ list, received by ECP district office.Election officials (AEC, DRO and RO) considered nonpartisanby all political parties.ECP has system in place to redress election-relatedcomplaints.ECP takes actions against reported complaints.ECP tracks election expenses of contesting candidates.All polling stations set up at neutral/non-controversiallocations.Election officials (DRO, RO, polling staff) receivedtraining/briefing and instructional handbooks in timebefore polling day.Polling scheme shared with all contesting candidatesand observers.Significant number of polling stations declared sensitive.ECP announces before polling day the number ofpostal ballots issued.Judges appointed/ transferred after October 1, 2007.DRO issues accreditation passes to national observers.Election officials replaced after November 20, 2007.District officials (DCO, EDO) replaced after November20, 2007.Police officers of the rank of SHO and above replacedafter November 20, 2007.Police harass contesting candidates and their supporters.Police support a particular party/ candidate.Intelligence agencies harass contesting candidatesand their supporters.Intelligence agencies support a particular party/candidate.Police file cases against political workers.Caretaker government authorities (Federal, ProvincialMinisters/Officials) support a particular party/candidate.District government elected representatives (DistrictNazim, Tehsil Nazim) support a particular party /candidate.District government authorities (DCO, EDO, DPO,SHO) support a particular party/candidate185NoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNo

AnnexureA. Pre-Election Observation ChecklistB. FAFEN Fax Form

FAFEN Pre-Election Observation ChecklistPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 277

FAFEN Pre-Election Observation Checklist278 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

FAFEN Pre-Election Observation ChecklistPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 279

FAFEN Pre-Election Observation Checklist280 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

FAFEN Pre-Election Observation ChecklistPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 281

FAFEN Pre-Election Observation Checklist282 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

FAFEN Pre-Election Observation ChecklistPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 283

FAFEN Pre-Election Observation Checklist284 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

FAFEN Pre-Election Observation ChecklistPakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis 285

(FAFEN Election Day Fax Forms1, 11, 91, 2, 3051-2196006(X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X286 Pakistan General Elections 2008: Election Results Analysis

About FAFENFAFEN is a nationwide coalition of 30 Pakistani civil society organizations, working together topromote electoral and democratic accountability in the country. Formed in 2006 in preparation fornational elections held in February 2008, FAFEN:• Observed the public display of Pakistan’s draft electoral roll and conducted the country’s firststatistically-valid voters list audit in 2007;• Fielded long-term observers nationwide and published 19 pre-election reports;• Deployed more than 18,000 observers nationwide on Election Day; and• Conducted Pakistan’s first Parallel Vote Tabulation (PVT) for more than 250 separateconstituencies.All of FAFEN’s election observation materials, methodology, statements, and reports are availableat www.fafen.org. FAFEN member organizations have registered as a collective Trust underPakistani law and are continuing to implement robust programs in between elections relatedto monitoring parliamentary affairs, connecting constituents to their elected representatives,promoting active citizenship through ongoing civic education, and advocating for electoral anddemocratic reforms.