katalog - Jevrejska opština Zemun

PROJEKAT POMOGLI:THIS PROJECT WAS SUPPORTED BY:AMERICAN JEWISHJOINT DISTRIBUTIONCOMMITTEESAVEZJEVREJSKIH OPŠTINASRBIJEGRADSKA OPŠTINAZEMUNCIP - Каталогизација у публикацијиНародна библиотека Србије, Београд06.05ПРАВЕДНИЦИ МЕЂУНАРОДИМА:177.7294(=411.16)(497.1)”1941/1945”(083.824)323.12(=411.16)(497.1)”1941/1945”(083.824)177.72:929(=163.41)(083.824)ФОГЕЛ, Ненад, 1950-Pravednici iz Srbije : izložba o dobrimljudima = #The #Righteous of Serbia : #an#exibition about good people / [[autor tekstau katalogu] Nenad Fogel ; prevod na engleskiOlivera Polajnar]. - 1. izd. - Zemun :Jevrejska opština = Jewish Community, 2011(Kragujevac : Grafostil). - [16] str. :fotogr. ; 23 x 24 cmUporedo srp. tekst i engl. prevod. - Autorovoime na kraju uvodnog teksta. - Autorovaslika. - Tiraž 1.000.ISBN 978-86-88297-04-2a) Јевреји - Прогони - Југославија -1941-1945 - Изложбени каталози b) Награда“Праведници међу народима” - Добитници -Србија - Изложбени каталозиCOBISS.SR-ID 183798796Tehnički urednik, dizajn roll-up panoa i kataloga / Technical editor, roll-up banners and catalogue design: Jugoslav Rakita

PRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJARIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIAIzraelski parlament – Kneset, osnovao je 1953. godine “Jad Vašem” - muzejsećanja na žrtve Holokausta. Hrabra dela ljudi širom porobljene Evrope, kojisu poput građana Srbije reskirali svoje živote u nameri da spasu bar jedanjevrejski život, bila je osnova da ustanove ’’Komisiju za proglašenje Pravednikameđu narodima’’. Priznanja, u vidu medalje i povelje dodeljuju se isključivonejevrejima, koji su tokom Drugog svetskog rata spasavali osobe jevrejskogporekla.Ova izložba posvećena je dobrim ljudima iz Srbije u želji da njihova hrabrostnikada ne bude zaboravljena.Danas je u Srbiji na delu pokušaj, i ne samo pokušaj, da se rehabilituju osvedočeniratni zlikovci (saradnici okupatora) iz perioda Drugog svetskog rata.To se postepeno pretvara u proces oslobađanja od svake odgovornosti zasaradnju sa okupatorima. Izložba o pravednicima je još jedan u nizu našihnapora da se spreči zamagljivanje činjenica koje su dovele do skoro potpunoguništenja jevrejske populacije u Srbiji. Želimo da suprotstavimo „dvorskimistoričarima“ deo nespornih činjenica o učešću domaćih saradnika okupatorau monstruoznom projektu nacističkog režima na čelu sa Hitlerom koji je doveodo ubistva preko 6 miliona Jevreja širom Evrope. Jasne i nedvosmislenepretnje smrću, ukoliko budu pomagali progonjenim Jevrejima, koje je stanovništvuSrbije upućivao kvislinški režim Milana Nedića, nije ih uplašio. Fotografijama,onih koji su nagrađeni medaljom pravednika među narodima, započinjeputovanje kroz kratku istoriju organizovanog ubijanja Jevreja u Srbiji. Narednatri izložbena panoa dočaravaju atmosferu uoči Drugog svetskog rata i periodposle kapitulacije Jugoslavije. Gledajući izložbu posetilac mora imati u vidu daje Srbija bila rasparčana: Srem je pripao Nezavisnoj državi Hrvatskoj, BačkaMađarskoj, Banat je ostao pod nemačkom upravom, jugoistočnu Srbiju je okupiralaBugarska, a Kosovo i Metohija pripali su Italijanima. Od ostatka SrbijeHitler je stvorio državu pod svojom kontrolom. Ono što je svim okupatorimabilo zajedničko bila je patološka posvećenost totalnom uništenju Jevreja. Brzinakojom su Jevreji Srbije bili ubijani na nemačkoj okupacionoj teritoriji, dalaje Emanuelu Šeferu povod da 8. juna 1942. javi komandi u Berlinu da je „SrbijaJudenfrei“, odnosno, da u njoj više nema Jevreja. Jevrejska opština Zemunobjavila je 2010. godine knjigu „Pravednici među narodima – Srbija“ trojiceautora: Milana Fogela, Milana Ristovića i Milana Koljanina. U njoj su detaljnoopisana herojska dela 128 građana Srbije koje je država Izrael proglasila za„pravednike među narodima“. Narednih sedam panoa prikazuje samo deoonih koji su učestvovali u spasavanju Jevreja. Poslednji pano sa likovima spasenihJevreja zatvara izložbu a ujedno otvara novi život...Jevrejska opština Zemun, između ostalog, želi da ovom izložbom i knjigominicira podizanje memorijalnog spomenika dobrim ljudima iz Srbije.Nenad Fogel,predsednikJevrejske opštine Zemun,autor izložbeIn 1953 the Israeli Parliament – the Knesset, founded “Yad Vashem” – the Museumof Holocaust Victim’s Remembrance. The deeds of courageous peoplethroughout Europe who, like citizens of Serbia, risked their lives in the effort tosave at least one Jewish life became the foundation for establishing the “Commissionfor Proclaiming the Righteous among Nations”. Acknowledgement, inthe form of a medal and diploma is bestowed solely to non-Jews who, duringWorld War Two, saved lives of people of Jewish descent.The present exhibition is dedicated to the good people of Serbia in the hopethat their courageousness will never be forgotten.Today in Serbia there is a tendency, perhaps even actual intent, to rehabilitateascertained World War Two wartime criminals (enemy collaborators). It ismanifested in a process of gradual discharge of any responsibility for collaborationwith the occupying forces. The present exhibition about the Righteousis yet another effort made to prevent any obscuring of facts that had led tothe virtually complete annihilation of Serbia’s Jewish population. We wish tocontest “court historians” by singling out just a fraction of irrefutable factsabout the involvement of domestic collaborators in the monstrous project ofthe Nazi regime, led by Hitler, which resulted in the murder of more than 6million Jews throughout Europe. The clear-cut and explicit death threat proclaimedby the quisling regime of Milan Nedić to the populace of Serbia forharbouring persecuted Jews, in no way intimidated nor lessened the people’sresolve to save lives. With the display of photographs of individuals who havereceived the Righteous among Nations medal we unveil the hasty history ofmass killing of Jews in Serbia. The three successive exhibition panels portraythe general atmosphere inside the country on the brink of World War Two andthe period following the capitulation of Yugoslavia. Exhibition viewers mustbear in mind that by this time Serbia had been quartered among the occupiers:Srem was handed over to the Independent State of Croatia and Bačka toHungary. Banat fell under German authority, South-East Serbia was occupiedby Bulgaria while Kosovo came under Italian rule. The remainder of Serbiabecame a domain under Hitler’s personal control. The one thing this array ofoccupiers shared was their pathological dedication to the total eradication ofJews. The speed with which the Jews of Serbia were slaughtered in the territoryunder German authority gave Emanuel Schäfer (head of the Nazi securitypolice in Serbia) reason to declare to the German Command in Berlin on June8, 1942, that Serbia was “Judenfrei”, which meant there were no living Jewsleft in it. In 2010 the Jewish Community in Zemun published the book “Righteousamong Nations – Serbia” by three authors: Milan Fogel, Milan Ristovićand Milan Koljanin. It is a book of stories detailing the heroic deeds of the 128citizens of Serbia who have been proclaimed Righteous among the Nations bythe state of Israel. The next seven panels are a display of only a fraction of thepeople involved in the rescue of Jews. The final panel showing photographsof Jews saved brings the present exhibition to a close; it however can be seenas a demonstration of the emergence of new life ….Furthermore, the Jewish Community in Zemun hopes that, among other, thepresent exhibition and the published book, might initiate the building of amemorial to the good people of Serbia.Nenad Fogel,President of the Jewish Community Zemun,author of the exhibition

PRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJARIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIATHE RIGHTEOUSIzraelskiparlament Kneset, osnovaoje 1953. godine ’’JadVašem’’, muzej sećanja na žrtveHolokausta. Deset godina kasnijeustanovljena je Komisija za proglašenjePravednika među narodima.Ta priznanja, u vidu medalje i povelje,svedoče o hrabrom činu osoba, isključivonejevreja, koji su tokom Drugogsvetskog rata reskirali svoje živote, iživote svojih bližnjih, kako bi spasavaličesto njima nepoznateosobe jevrejskog porekla.In 1953 the Israeli parliament,the Knesset, founded “Yad Vashem”– a museum in remembrance ofHolocaust victims. Ten years latera commission for proclaiming theRighteous among Nations wasestablished. The reward in theform of a medal and diploma area testimony of the courage ofindividuals, exclusively non-Jews,who during World War Two riskedtheir own lives as well as the lives oftheir families to save those of Jewishpeople who, for the most part, werecompletely unknown to them.128 građana Srbije dobilo je od Jad Vašema medalju Pravednika među narodima128 citizens in Serbia have been awardedthe Righteous among Nations Medalby Yad Vashem

RIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIAPRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJAJEWS IN SERBIAThe first records of planned settlement of Jews inthe territory of today’s Serbia date from the end ofthe XV century.Once Serbia gained autonomy in 1830, the numberof Jews in Serbia gradually increased.Such a course of events is accredited to the tolerancePrince Miloš had for his subjects’ practice of differentcreeds.Prvo organizovano naseljavanje Jevrejana teritoriji današnje Srbije zabeleženoje krajem XV veka.Posle sticanja autonomije 1830. u Srbijise postepeno povećava broj Jevreja.Najveću zaslugu za to imao je knez Miloškoji nije pravio razlike među svojim podanicimapo veri.In 1868, Emperor Franz Joseph accredited Jews parityof creed with other religions.Car Franjo Josif 1868. godinepriznaje Jevrejima ravnopravnostsa ostalim konfesijama.In the years leading up to World War Two the statusof Jews in Yugoslavia worsened by the day;In 1935 ZBOR – was founded and headed by theanti-Semite Dimitrije Ljotić…Prince Pavle Karađorđević pays a visit to Hitler onJune 1, 1939.The Government of Dragiša Cvetković adopts anti-Jewish regulations on October 5, 1940:The regulation established as numerus claususlimits enrollment of Jews into schools…Jewish traders are prohibited to deal in humanfoodstuffs.Prince Pavle Karađorđević visiting Hitler on June 1, 1939.Uoči II Svetskog rata položaj Jevreja u Jugoslavijipočinje da se pogoršava; 1935. god.formiran je ZBOR - pod vođstvom antisemiteDimitrija Ljotića.Princ Pavle Karađorđević u posetiHitleru 1. jun 1939.Vlada Dragiše Cvetkovića 5. oktobra 1940.donosi antijevrejske uredbe:Uredbom poznatom kao numerus claususograničen je Jevrejima upis u škole...Jevrejskim trgovcima je zabranjenrad sa ljudskom hranom.By signing the Tripartite Pact on March 25, 1941,Cvetković also affixes his signature on the destiny of Jewsin Serbia.Potpisivanjem Trojnog pakta, 25.marta 1941, Cvetković stavlja i potpisna subinu Jevreja u SrbijiThe act of alignment with the Axis Forces resultsin a putsch in Yugoslavia on March 27 and DragišaCvetković is subsequently arrested…Major Živan Knežević of the Yugoslav King’s Army takesCvetković into detention.His stay in prison is brief as Germany occupies Yugoslaviaafter the short lived April war.Zbog pristupanja silama osovine 27. marta jeizvršen puč u Jugoslaviji, a Dragiša Cvetkovićbiva uhapšen.Major vojske Kraljevine JugoslavijeKnežević sprovodi uhapšenogCvetkovića.Nije dugo bio u zatvoru jer je Nemačkaokupirala Jugoslaviju tokomkratkotrajnog Aprilskog rata.

PRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJARIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIAWORLD WAR 2Samo dan posle kapitulacije Kraljevine Jugoslavije, 19. aprila 1941. godineformirana je “Specijalna policija za Jevreje“.U zemlji niču sabirni i koncentracioni logoriJust one day after the April 19, 1941 capitulation, the“Special Police for Jews” is set up.Throughout the country collection centres and concentrationcamps are established.Sabirni logor „Topovske šupe“, otvorenu Beogradu 20. avgusta 1941., služio jekao izvor talaca za masovna streljanja uznak odmazde za ustaničke akcije i sabotaže.Pripadnici nemačkog garnizona u Beograduubili su 4.400 Jevreja i Roma usamo dve odmazde.Jevreji sakupljeni na Kalemegdanu u Beogradu,1941.Streljanja su vršena na stratištima u Jajincima i Jabuci.In Belgrade, Jews were rounded up in Kalemegdanin 1941.Concentration camp „Topovske šupe” was opened inBelgrade on August 20, 1941. It became a sourcefor hostages for mass executions by firing squad inretaliation for rebel actions and subterfuge.4.400 Jews and Roma were murdered by soldiers ofthe Belgrade German garrison in just two reprisals.Executions were carried out in the Jajinci and Jabukakilling sites.Preserved records, log books of the Banjica campshow that there were 688 people of Jewish nationalityincarcerated there.Na osnovu sačuvanih logorskih knjiga uBanjičkom logoru bilo je zatočeno 688 licajevrejske nacionalnosti.U prvoj polovini decembra 1941. izvršeno je sakupljanje i zatvaranjeJevreja u novoosnovani logor Judenlager Semlin.Do početka maja 1942. godine svi zatvoreni Jevreji ubijeni su u specijalnomkamionu - gasnoj komori na putu do stratišta u Jajincima.The rounding up and incarceration of Jews in thenewly founded camp Judenlager Semlin was completedby mid December 1941.From then up to the beginning of May 1942 all Jewishprisoners were killed in the special truck – gaschamber on their way to the Jajinci mass graves.

RIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIAPRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJAWORLD WAR 2Incomplete records show that around 1250 Serbsand Jews (819 Jewish victims) were brutally slaughteredin the Novi Sad “raid” effected from January 22to 23, 1942.Out of the total of 13,590 Jews living in the occupationzone under Hungarian authority in Serbia –Bačka, 10.527 perished, for the most part, as victimsof Auschwitz death camp.Jews from Srem were deported and killed in theJasenovac camp.U „raciji“ u Novom Sadu, po nepotpunim podacima, 21-23 januara1942. ubijeno je na najsvirepiji način oko 1250 Srba iJevreja (819 jevrejskih žrtava).Od ukupno 13.590 Jevreja koji su živeli na mađarskom okupacionompodručju u Bačkoj, život je izgubilo 10.527, većina ulogoru smrti Aušvic.Jevreji iz Srema deportovani su i ubijeni u logoru Jasenovac.The largest concentration camp in central Serbiawas the “Crveni krst” (Red Cross) camp in Niš. Insidethe camp, beside Jews from Niš, there were Jewishprisoners from Leskovac, Zaječar, Valjevo and otherSerbian towns.U unutrašnjosti Srbije najveći koncentracionilogor bio je „Crveni krst“u Nišu.Pored niških, u logoru su bili zatvoreni Jevrejiiz Leskovca, Zaječara, Valjeva, i drugih mesta uunutrašnjosti Srbije.Monuments in Novi Sad and JasenovacSpomenici u Novom Sadu i u JasenovcuMonuments in Jajinci and Staro SajmišteIn one document of the so-called “Government ofNational Salvation” presided by Milan Nedić, dated1942, it is stated how: “We are indebted to the occupierfor freeing us of Jews.”The acquiescent execution of all assigned orders,coupled with the role which collaborationist armedunits (Serbian State Guard, Serbian VolunteersCorps) and the domestic police of both the “Commissioner”and Milan Nedić’s “National Salvation”government undertook in the arrests of their cohabitants,Jews, and their subsequent delivery into thehands of occupying authorities, stands out as themost hideous episode of collaborationism in Serbiaduring World War Two.Milan Nedić visiting Berlin in 1943.U jednom dokumentu tzv. “Vlade narodnogspasa” Milana Nedića iz 1942. se navodi:“Zahvaljujući okupatoru, oslobodili smo se Jevreja...”Spomenici u Jajincima i na Starom SajmištuZbog bespogovornog izvršavanja svih dobijenih naređenja,uloga kolaboracionističkih oružanih odreda: Srpske državnestraže, Srpskog dobrovoljačkog korpusa i domaće policije,kako „komesarske vlade“ tako i „vlade narodnog spasa“ MilanNedića u hapšenjima svojih jevrejskih sugrađana i izručenjuokupacionim organima, najsramnija je epizoda u istoriji saradnjesa okupatorom u Srbiji tokom Drugog svetskog rata.Milan Nedić u poseti Berlinu 1943.As a specific form of resistance to thepolitics of eradication of Jews, the peopleof Serbia chose toSAVE THEIR COHABITANTSKao specifičan vid otpora zvaničnoj politiciistrebljenja Jevreja, narod Srbije je izabrao:SPASITI SVOJE SUGRAĐANE

PRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJARIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIAIzbegavši 27. jula 1942. godine hapšenje i teranje zemunskih Jevreja ulogore u Jasenovac i Staru Gradišku, trojica Jevreja, braća Benko i JosipBeherano i Danilo Fogel, utočište su pronašli u kući Martine Levec.Nisu mogli da veruju da susmešteni na tavan u vili sadva stana u kojima su stanovalačetiri nacistička visokaoficira, od kojih je jedan biokomandant zemunskog aerodroma.Martinin brat je bio oteranna prinudni rad u Nemačku,a ona je morala da služinemačke oficire. Ipak, to jojnije smetalo da čuva i sačuvatrojicu Jevreja.Benko je prvi napustio skloništei sklonio se u Beograd salažnim dokumentima.Danilo i Josip su posle trimeseca boravka kod Martineuspeli da se prebace do najbližegpartizanskog odreda.Pri kraju rata je Martininailegalna delatnost otkrivenai ona je hitno prebačena upartizanske jedinice.Ambasador Izraela u Beogradu Joram Šaniuručuje medalju Martini LevecMartina Levec, udata Markovićproglašena je 2000. godine zaPravednika među narodimaU Sinđelićevoj ulici broj 26a u Zemunu stanovao je Antun-Braca Benčević sa majkom i bakom. Kod njih je za vremeškolovanja stanovala Mira Cvijović, Antunova sestra od tetke.Početkom jula 1942. godine aktivistkinja pokreta otpora EvicaFrlog, koja je ubačena u ustašku policiju, obavestila je MiruCvijović da se sprema veliko hapšenje Jevreja i teranje u logoreJasenovac i Staru Gradišku. Evica je uspela da ukrade propusnicesa nemačkim pečatom. Mira Cvijović, predratni članSKOJ-a odmah je pozvala aktiviste i podelila propusnice, kojeje trebalo da odnesu određenim Jevrejima. Braca je dobio jednupropusnicu. Ponudio je propusnicu porodici Belah. Porodicaje odlučila da spase muškog potomka Pavla. Otac, majka idve sestre odvedene su logor, odakle se niko nije vratio.Antun je odveo Pavla u Nikolajevsku ulicu broj 5, u kuću Uglješić Mirjane, odakle se odlazilo u partizane. Kod Mirjaneje Braca popunio propusnicu za Pavla na ime Hilko Hilić i preko pečata falsifikovao potpis šefa policije. Poslenekoliko dana boravka u Mirjaninoj kući Pavle je prebačen u partizane.Antun Benčević i Mira Cvijović proglašenisu 1994. godine za Pravednike među narodimaMARTINA LEVECEscaping arrest and deportation of Zemun Jews tocamps Jasenovac and Stara Gradiška on July 27, 1942,three Jews: the Beherano brothers, Benko and Josip,and Danilo Fogel found refuge in the house of MartinaLevec.They could not believe that they had been placed inthe attic of a two-flat villa where, living as tenants,were also four high-ranking German officers, of whomone was the Chief Commander of the Zemun airport.Martina’s brother had been deported to Germany as aforced labourer, while she was obliged to serve Germanofficers. However, her wish to give shelter andkeep the three Jews safe was unaffected by her existingcircumstances.Benko was the first to leave the shelter; once in possessionof fake documents he went into hiding inBelgrade. After spending three months with Martina,Danilo and Josip managed to transfer themselves tothe nearest Partisan unit.Sometime before the end of the war Martina’s undergroundactivities were disclosed and she was immediatelytransferred to a Partisan unit.Martina Levec, married Markovićawarded a Righteous among Nationsin 2000ANTUN BENČEVIĆ AND MIRA CVIJOVIĆTogether with his mother and grandmother, AntunBenčević lived in Zemun at 26, Sinđelićeva Str. Alsoliving with them at the time of her studies was Antun’scousin, Mira Cvijović.At the beginning of July 1942 an agent of the resistancemovement, Evica Frlog, employed undercoverin the Ustashi Police quarters, informed Mira Cvijovićthat preparations were underway for mass arrestsof Jews and their deportation to the Jasenovac andStara Gradiška camps. Evica further managed to steala number of stamped passes bearing the German seal.Mira Cvijović, a pre-war member of the CommunistParty Youth organization, immediately summoned agroup of activists and distributed the passes amongthem. They were to hand them over to certain Jews.Braca was given one such pass. He offered the pass tothe Belah family. The Belahs decided they would savetheir male heir, Pavle. Subsequently, father, motherand the two sisters were sent to camp, from whichnone of them returned.Antun took Pavle to 5, Nikolajevska Str. to the house ofMirjana Uglješić. The house served as shelter while liaisonwith Partisans was made. Inside Mirjana’s houseAntun, nicknamed Braca, filled in the pass giving Pavlean alias, Hinko Hilić; he then forged the signature ofthe chief of police sprawling it over the seal. After stayingat Mirjana’s a couple of days, Pavle was transferredto his unit.Antun Benčević and Mira Cvijovićboth awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 1994

RIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIAPRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJATHE KNEŽEVIĆ, BONDŽIĆ AND ZDRAVKOVIĆFAMILIESLadislav and Julija Dajč completed their medicalstudies in 1937. In 1939 they were both given a postin the small town of Aleksandrovac, county Župa. InJune 1941, the instated enemy authorities gave bothof them notice; on top of losing their jobs, they weresimultaneously thrown out their home. At the time, agroup of officers of the King’s Army had set up campon neighouring mountain Željin. Desperately in needof a physician, they persuaded Ladislav, whose lifewas by now genuinely endangered, to join up withthem. From then on Borivoje Bonđić was entrustedwith the care of Ladislav’s wife, i.e. doctor Julija. Hekept moving her incessantly from one safe place toanother. She spent the winter in hamlet Boturića withPredrag Zdravković. In the village of Latkovac, stayingin the home of Slobodan and Milenija Knežević,Julija gave birth to son Ilan in 1943. Throughout thewar the populace of neighbouring villages took anactive part in the concealment and rescue of theDajč family. Finally, as liberation came, all their effortsproved successful.Grozdana and Borivoje Bondžić,Milenija and Slobodan Knežević,Stana and Predrag Zdravkovićall awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 1980Ladislav i Julija Dajč završili su 1937. godine studije medicine.Dobili su 1939. godine nameštenje u gradiću Aleksandrovac, uŽupskom okrugu. U junu 1941. okupaciona vlast im daje otkaze ibivaju izbačeni iz kuće. Na planini Željin, u istom kraju, nalazila segrupa oficira kraljevske vojske. Ubedili su Ladislava da bi najboljebilo da im se pridruži, jer mu je stalno ugrožen život, a njima jebio potreban lekar. O supruzi Juliji od tada brigu preuzima BorivojeBondžić. Selio ju je na mnogo mesta. Zimu je provela uzaseoku Boturića kod Predraga Zdravkovića. U kući Slobodana iMilenije Kneževića, koji su živeli u Latkovcu, Julija je 1943. godinerodila sina Ilana. Sve vreme rata meštani okolnih sela suučestvovali u sakrivanju i spasavanju porodice Dajč - na kraju suu tome i uspeli.Grozdana i Borivoje Bondžić, Milenija i Slobodan Knežević, Stana i Predrag Zdravkovićproglašeni su 1980. godine za Pravednike među narodimaDR. MILOSLAV STOJADINOVIĆIn June 1941, Milan Aćimović appointed Dr. MiloslavStojadinović to the post of Mayor of Belgrade. Itsoon transpired that Dr. Miloslav had little indulgencefor police work and was thus removed from officealready in September 1941. Miloslav Stojadinovićhad other predispositions which he dared not disclosebefore the invaders. He was a benevolent man,ready to reach out to his persecuted friends, Jews.On more than one occasion Dr. Miloslav managedto save his friends Milan and Helena Lovrić. A testimonypreserved in the Archives of Serbia states thatStojadinović saved dozens of Resistance Movementmembers and a number of Jewish families.Dr. Miloslav Stojadinovićawarded a Righteous among Nationsin 1996Milan Aćimović imenovao je juna 1941. godine za predsednika grada Beogradadr Miloslava Stojadinovića. Ubrzo se pokazalo da Miloslav nije pokazaorazumevanje za policijske poslove, pa je već u septembru 1941. smenjen safunkcije. Miloslav Stojadinović je međutim imao druge osobine, koje nije smeoda ispolji pred okupatorima. Bio je human čovek, uvek spreman da pomognesvojim prijateljima, progonjenim Jevrejima. Miloslav je u nekoliko navrata spasavaosvoje prijatelje Milana i Helenu Lovrić. Prema jednoj izjavi sačuvanoj uArhivu Srbije, Stojadinović je spasao desetine članova Pokreta otpora i višejevrejskih porodica.Dr Miloslav Stojadinović proglašen je 1966.godine za Pravednika među narodima

PRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJARIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIASaul BenAvram i njegov sin Hajm, nakon okupacijeBeograda aprila 1941. godine, svakodnevnosu odvođeni na prinudni rad. Jednog dana nisu sevratili kući; stradali su u logoru na Banjici. Decembra1941. Saulova supruga Ester dobila je pozivda se sa decom Rozom i Josefom javi Specijalnojpoliciji za Jevreje. Kada su kretali put logoraJudenlager Semilin - Staro sajmište, došao je daih isprati njihov prijatelj Pal Žamboki. Ubedio jeEster da ostavi Rozu i Josefa kod njega. Ubrzo jebio potkazan Gestapou i morali su hitno da bežeiz Beograda.Rozu, koja je imala 12 godina, odveo je kod bratovekćerke Mariške Čanadi u Novi Kneževac. PorodicaČanadi brinula se o Rozi do kraja rata.Pal je sa desetogodišnjim Josefom otišao u Kanjižu.Tamo ga je prijavio kao svog sina. U znakzahvalnosti prema svom spasiocu, Josef je poslerata zadržao prezime Žamboki.Pal Žamboki i Marija-Mariška Čanadiproglašeni su 1995. godine za Pravednike među narodimaPAL ZSÁMBOKI AND MARIJA ČANADIOnce Belgrade was occupied in April 1941, SaulBenAvram and his son Hajm were assigned forcedlabour duty on a daily basis. However, there came aday when they did not return home; they were murderedinside Banjica camp. In December 1941 Saul’swife Ester received the order to report to the Specialpolice for Jews together with her two children,Rosa and Joseph. As they were starting off for campJudenlager Semlin (Staro sajmište), their friend PalZsámboki came to say goodbye. He managed topersuade Ester to leave Roza and Joseph behindpromising that he would care for them. He was soonreported to the Gastapo and had no other option butto take the children out of Belgrade without delay.He left the twelve-year-old Rosa with his nieceMariška Čanadi in Novi Kneževac. The Čanadi familytook care of Roza right up to the end of the war. Paltook the ten-year-old Joseph to Kanjiža. He registeredJoseph with the authorities as his son. Out ofrespect and gratitude for the man who rescued him,Joseph kept the name Zsámboki for life.Pal Zsámboki and Marija Čanadiboth awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 1995Isak i Rena Papo i njihove dve kćerke Lea i Rahela živeli su u Raškoj.Čim su nemačke trupe 1941. ušle u Sandžak počelo je njihovo skrivanjepo okolnim mestima.Porodica Simeona i Miroslave Protić nije se uplašila pretnji da će svikoji skrivaju Jevreje biti ubijeni. Više od šest meseci krili su porodicuPapo u zaseoku Protića, ispod samog vrha planine Željin.Kada je otkriveno gde se kriju, porodica Papo je novo utočište našlakod Mijajla i Milice Bogićević u selu Drenče, gde su i dočekali kraj rata.THE BOGIĆEVIĆ AND PROTIĆ FAMILIESIsak and Irena Papo and their two daughters Lea andRahela lived in Raška. The moment German troopsinvaded Sandžak in 1941 they had to go into hiding.It was the beginning of a rescue operation thatinvolved many villages throughout the neighbouringcountryside.The threat that all those harbouring Jews wouldshare their destiny i.e. be killed, did not frighten thefamily of Simeon and Miroslava Protić. They kept thePapo family in hiding in the hamlet of Protića, situatedbelow the peak of mountain Željin for more thansix months.Once their hiding place was exposed the Papo familyfound a new safe place in village Drenča. There theystayed with Mijajlo and Milica Bogićević right up toliberation.Miroslava i Simeon Protić,Milica i Mijajlo Bogićevićproglašeni su 2009. godine zaPravednike među narodimaMiroslava and Simeon Protić,Milica and Mijajlo Bogićevićall awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 2009

RIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIAPRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJAJULIANA AND LASZLO SZAGMEISTERThe Szagmeister and Engler families lived in Suboticain the same house in adjacent flats. Laszlo Szagmeisterand Janosz Engler, both jurists, worked in attorney-at-lawoffices. In February within a span of onlyten days both Juliana Szagmeister and Magda Englergave birth to sons, Szandor and Amir. In May 1944the ghetto for Jews was opened in Subotica. Janoszwas away on forced labour duty when Magda and thebaby had to move to the ghetto. The fact that Laszlohad good connections inside the police enabled himto bring food to Magda and Amir each day. On theeve of the last transport to Auschwitz, Laszlo managedto take Amir out of the ghetto. He obtainedfake documents for Amir stating that he and Julianahad adopted the boy. Thus, Amir was saved from acertain death that awaited him in Auschwitz.Juliana and Laszlo Szagmeisterboth awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 1998KRSTA NOVAKOVIĆ, KOSA PETROVIĆ ANDTHE VELJKOVIĆ FAMILIESIn 1941 Germans instated a military regime in occupiedSerbia. To administer civic procedures theyneeded people acceptable to the general population.Kruševac’s most prominent citizens had beenarrested immediately upon the fall of the town.Among them was prewar borough council chairmanand MP Krsta Novaković, an apothecary by profession.Threatened by reprisal against his family, hewas forced to cooperate. He became the first warchairman of borough Kruševac.Rebeka Tatjacak, a Jewess had three daughters: Sultana,Natalija and Sofija and a son, David.She turned to Krsta Novaković for help. Counting onhis pre-war friendly relations with people from thepolice, Krsta managed to obtain fake documents forthe entire family.Kosa Petrović, proprietress of a restaurant inKruševac, hid David in her wine cellar once the persecutionof Jews began. She further helped the Tatjacakfamily to move to the village of Donji Krčin,close to Kruševac. Relying on her parents, Miroslavand Cila, Zlata Veljković took responsibility for Rebekaand her children and placed them inside herparent’s house.Zlata Veljković, her parents Miroslav and Cilaall awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 1999Krsta Novaković and Kosa Petrovićboth awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 2003Porodice Sagmajster i Engler živele su u Subotici, u istoj kući, stan do stana. LasloSagmajster i Janoš Engler, obojica pravnici, radili su u advokatskoj kancelariji. JulijanaSagmajster i Magda Engler februara 1944. u razmaku od samo deset danarodile su sinove Šandora i Amira. U maju mesecu 1944. otvoren je geto za Jevreje uSubotici. Janoš je bio na prinudnom radu, a Magda je morala sa bebom da se preseliu geto. Laslo je imao veze u policiji i svakodnevno je donosio hranu za Magdu iAmira. Uoči poslednjeg transporta za Aušvic, Laslo je uspeo da iz geta izvede Amira.Pribavio je lažna dokumenta da su Julijana i on usvojili Amira, i tako ga sačuvali odsigurne smrti.Nemci su 1941. uveli vojnu upravu u okupiranoj Srbiji.Za civilnu vlast bili su im potrebni ljudi u koje narodima poverenja. Viđeniji ljudi iz Kruševca bili su pohapšeni.Među njima se nalazio i predratni predsednikopštine i narodni poslanik, apotekar Krsta Novaković.Pod pretnjom odmazde Krstu su naterali na saradnju.Postao je prvi ratni predsednik opštine Kruševac.Jevrejka Rebeka Tajtacak imala je tri kćerke: Sultanu,Nataliju i Sofiju, i sina Davida.Potražila je pomoć od Krste Novakovića. Koristeći predratnaprijateljstva sa ljudima iz policije Krsta je zasve njih obezbedio lažne legitimacije.Kosa Petrović držala je u Kruševcu kafanu. Kada jepočela potera za Jevrejima, Kosa je Davida sakrila uvinski podrum i pomogla da se cela porodica Tajtacakprebaci u selo Donji Krčin, nadomak Kruševca. ZlataVeljković je prihvatila Rebeku sa decom i smestila ih ukuću svojih roditelja Miroslava i Cile.Julijana i LasloSagmajsterproglašeni su 1988.godine za Pravednikemeđu narodimaZlata Veljković iroditelji Miroslav i Cilaproglašeni su 1999. godine zaPravednike među narodimaKrsta Novaković i Kosa Petrovićproglašeni su 2003. godine zaPravednike među narodima

PRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJARIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIALazarista Andrej Tumpej, stigao je izSlovenije u Beograd 1929. godine.Proglašenje za prvog župnika novoizgrađenoghrama posvećenom Svetom Ćirilu iSvetom Metodiju.Slovenka Antonija Ograjenšek udala sekrajem dvadesetih godina prošlog vekaza Avrama Kalefa. Antonija je prešla ujevrejsku veru. Ubrzo su se rodile dvekćerke, Matilda i Rahela.Kada je postalo jasno da će svi Jevreji biti deportovani u logore, Antonija jepotražila pomoć župnika Tumpeja. Sačuvala je svoju staru krštenicu iz kojese videlo da je Slovenka, ali dečija dokumenta nije smela nikom da pokaže.Andrej Tumpej je znao da su devojčice po ocu Jevrejke; bio je čovek velikogsrca i izdao im je lažne krštenice. U kraju se jednog dana pročulo da je uhapšen.Tada se otkrilo da je župnik pomagao i drugim Jevrejima.Posle više meseci provedenih u gestapovskom zatvoru Andrej Tumpej jeoslobođen.Andrej Tumpejproglašen je 2001. godine za Pravednika među narodimaANDREJ TUMPEJAndrej Trumpej, a Lazarist from Slovenia came toBelgrade in 1929. He was appointed first vicar of thenew church dedicated to St. Cyril and St. Methodius.Antonija Ograjenšek, herself a Slovenian, marriedAvram Kalef in the late nineties of the previouscentury. By marrying Kalef, she accepted the Jewishfaith. Soon they had two daughters, Matilda andRahela.Once it transpired that all Jews would be transportedto camps Antonija approached vicar Tumpej for help.She had kept her old birth certificate evidencing thatshe was Slovenian. However, she dared not showher children’s documents to anybody. Andrej Tumpejwas aware that the girls’ parental lineage was Jewish.A goodhearted man, he could do nothing less,than supply them with fake christening papers. Oneday word got round the neighbourhood that the vicarwas arrested. Only then did it transpire that the vicarhad helped other Jews, too.After spending a number of months in Gestapo prison,Andrej Tumpej was released.Andrej Tumpejawarded a Righteous among Nationsin 2001Jelenko Stamenković, pisar iz sela Sesalac kod SokoBanje, pronašao je posle sloma Jugoslovenske vojskeaprila 1941. godine, rezervnog poručnika MajeraKalderona kako luta šumom. Kalderon je pobegaoiz kolone vojnih zarobljenika koja je upućena ulogore u Nemačkoj. Jelenko ga je odveo svojoj kućiu kojoj su živeli njegovi roditelji, supruga Ljubica injihovo dvoje dece, Vukosava i Vidosava. Majer jei sam imao suprugu i dvoje dece. Vučen brigom zaporodicu, vratio se avgusta 1941. godine u Beograd.Morao je da se prijavi na prinudan rad i odmah jeodveden u logor Topovske šupe, odakle je ubrzo odvedenna streljanje. Jelenko Stamenković je saznaoza zlu sudbinu novog prijatelja i odveo njegovu supruguEster i decu Mirjam i Josifa u Sesalac, gde suih čuvali do kraja rata.Ljubica i Jelenko Stamenkovićproglašeni su 2005. godine za Pravednikemeđu narodimaLJUBICA AND JELENKO STAMENKOVIĆUpon the capitulation of the Yugoslav Army in April1941, Jelenko Stamenković, a notary from the villageof Sesalac near Soko Banja, came across MajerKalderon, lieutenant in reserve, traversing the neighbouringwoods. Kalderon had fled from the line ofPOWs destined for camps in Germany. Jelenko tookhim to his home where he lived with his parents,wife Ljubica and their two children, Vukosava andVidosava. Majer also had a wife and two children.Deeply concerned for his family Kalderon returned toBelgrade in August 1941. As ordered, he registeredwith the authorities for forced labour duty; however,Majer was sent to the Topovske šupe camp immediately.Before long he was taken from there to anexecution plot and shot dead.Learning of his friend’s ill fate Jelenko Stamenkovićset off for Belgrade to find Kalderon’s family. Hebrought Majer’s wife Ester and children Mirijam andJosif to Sesalac where he took care of them right upto the end of the war.Ljubica i Jelenko Stamenkovićboth awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 2005

RIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIAPRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJAPETAR JOVANOVIĆEugen and Elsa Hohberg, with their daughter Mirjamand relative Adela, tried to reach Italy by way ofKosovo and Albania with the help of fake documentsacquired in the name of Hadžić. They came as far asPrizren and from there could go no further.In Prizren, they rented a part of the house belongingto the Jovanović family. Living inside the modesthouse, the Jovanović family counted father, motherand six children. Petar Jovanović, the eldest son tookresponsibility for the refugees. However, Eugen’sstash of savings was soon spent. The thought ofthrowing the Hohbergs into the street never crossedthe Jovanovićs’ mind. They would simply continue tostay with them. They had become family.At the beginning of 1944 someone denounced theJovanovićs for providing shelter to a Jewish family.The Germans came and arrested Eugen, Elisa andAdela. Little Mirijam found refuge in the arms of Petar.The following day Petar was arrested, too. TheGermans suspected that there was still a Jewish childinside the house. Beating upon beating, Petar stubbornlycontended that Mirijam was a Serb. In theend, her blue eyes turned out to be the decisive factor.A Jewess can only have dark eyes, the soldiersconcluded and finally let Petar go home.Petar Jovanovićawarded a Righteous among Nationsin 1993MARIJA TOMIĆPrior to WWII Marija Šanc lived in Novi Sad. At thetime she was married to Ljubomir Tomić. Encounteringproblems in his business transactions, Ljubomir, aJew by birth, had changed his surname Kon to Tomić.Ljubomir had a large family and many ćfriends inBelgrade. Marija resolved to save them. By birth aGerman, she managed to persuade a German Armydriver to help her transfer a group of Jews from Belgradeto Novi Sad. That first trip was the hardest.Notwithstanding the initial trepidation, the Germandriver continued to transport Jews from Belgrade toMarija and Ljubomir’s flat, from where the pair organizedtheir transfer further on, to Budapest.The mission Marija had undertaken ended in herimprisonment in Ravensbrick camp at the end of1944. Ljubomir, who had joined the Partisans, foughtbattles right up to liberation. Succeeding to surviveinternment, Marija returned to Novi Sad.Marija Tomićawarded a Righteous among Nationsin 2009Eugen i Elza Hohberg sa kćerkom Mirjam i rođakomAdelom, pokušali su uz pomoć falsifikovanih dokumenatana ime Hadžić, da preko Kosova i Albanije stignudo Italije. Stigli su u Prizren, ali dalje nisu mogli.Iznajmili su deo kuće porodice Jovanović. U skromnojkući živeli su otac, majka i šestoro dece. Petar Jovanović,najstariji sin, brinuo se o izbeglicama. Ubrzo jeEugen potrošio pare koje je doneo sa sobom, ali Jovanovićiih nisu izbacili na ulicu. Postali su deo porodiceJovanović.Petar Jovanovićproglašen je 1993. godine zaPravednika među narodimaMarija Šanc živela je pre rata u Novom Sadu. Bila je udataza Ljubomira Tomića. Rođen kao Jevrejin, zbog problemaprilikom sklapanja poslova, promenio je prezimeKon u Tomić. Ljubomir je imao mnogobrojnu familiju iprijatelje koji su živeli u Beogradu. Marija je rešila daim pomogne. Nemica po poreklu, uspela je da nagovorijednog nemačkog vojnog šofera da joj pomogne daprebaci grupu Jevreja iz Beograda u Novi Sad. Prvi putje bilo najteže. Nemački vozač je nastavio da prevozi Jevrejeiz Beograda a Marija i Ljubomir su ih slali dalje uBudimpeštu.Zbog svoje delatnosti krajem 1944. završila je u logoruRavensbrik. Ljubomir se sa partizanima izborio za slobodu,a Marija se iz zarobljeništva vratila u Novi Sad.Početkom 1944. godine, neko je potkazao Jovanoviće dačuvaju jevrejsku porodicu i nemački vojnici su uhapsiliEugena, Elzu i Adelu. Mala Mirjam je sigurnost našla unaručju Petra. Petar je sutradan uhapšen. Nemački vojnicisu sumnjali da je u kući ostalo jevrejsko dete. Petarje i pored teških batina tvrdio da je Mirjam Srpkinja. Presudilesu njene plave oči. Jevrejka mora da ima crne oči,zaključili su nemački vojnici i pustili Petra da se vrati kući.Marija Tomićproglašena je 2009. godine zaPravednika među narodima

PRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJARIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIATHE NEGOTIN ODYSSEYThere were only two Jewish families living in Negotinbefore the war; the family of Žak Levi and that ofengineer Miroslav Šomlo.Žak, his wife Anka and daughter Rena embarked ona long journey of survival. 13 inhabitants of neighbouringvillages, who each in their own way helpedthe Levi family live through the horrors of the Holocaust,were awarded the Righteous medal.Miroslav Šomlo and his two daughters Milana andAna found refuge in Dubrava, some twenty kilometresfrom Negotin. They were taken in by Mita andKruna Todorović who lived in cohabitation with theirson Živojin, daughter-in-law Radmila and their twosmall children.U Negotinu su pre rata živele samo dve jevrejske porodice:porodica Žaka Levija i porodica inženjera MiroslavaŠomle.Žak, njegova žena Anka i mala kćerka Rena prošli sudug put do spasenja. Za pravednike je proglašeno 14meštana okolnih sela koji su svako na svoj način pomogliporodici Levi da preživi strahote Holokausta.Miroslav Šomlo i njegove kćerke Milana i Ana našli suutočište u Dubravi, dvadesetak kilometara od Negotina,kod Mite i Krune Todorović koji su živeli u zajednicisa sinom Živojinom i snajom Radmilom i njihovo dvojemale dece.Mitra i Đorđe Blendić,Milka i Tihomir Jovanovićproglašeni su 1992. godine zaPravednike među narodimaKruna i Mita Todorović,Radmila i Živojin Todorovićproglašeni su 1995. godine zaPravednike među narodimaJovan, sin Nikola i unuk Nikolica Blendić,Aleksandar Đurković, Ljubo Milenković,Marija i Đorđe Popovićproglašeni su 1999. godine zaPravednike među narodimaĐorđe Stojanovićproglašen je 2000. godine zaPravednika među narodimaKatarina i Andrei Stojanovićproglašeni su 2001. godine zaPravednike među narodimaMitra and Đorđe Blendić,Milka and Tihomir Jovanovićall awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 1992Kruna and Mita Todorović,Radmila and Živojin Todorovićall awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 1995Jovan, son Nikolaand grandson Nikolica Blendić,Aleksandar Đurković, Ljubo Milenković,Marija and Đorđe Popovićall awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 1999Đorđe Stojanovićawarded a Righteous among Nationsin 2000Katarina and Andrei Stojanovićboth awarded a Righteous among Nationsin 2001

RIGHTOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIAPRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJATHE SAVED JEWSPrior to World War Two 37,000 Jewslived in the territory of Serbia (withinits present borders)Certain estimates maintain that 85%of the Jewish population of Serbiaperished during the four year warperiod 1941-1945.Owing to the goodness of the peopleof Serbia over 150 Jews weresaved. Today they have over 3000descendants.Na teritorijiSrbije, u sadašnjimgranicama,živelo je do po-četka II svetskograta 37.000 Jevreja.Po nekim procenama 85%populacije Jevreja iz Srbijeje stradalo tokom četiriratne godine 1941 -1945.Zahvaljujući dobrim ljudima izSrbije spaseno je preko150 Jevreja kojidanas imaju više od3000 potomaka.

PRAVEDNICI MEĐU NARODIMA - SRBIJARIGHTEOUS AMONG THE NATIONS - SERBIAJevrejska opština Zemun, zahvaljujući podršci uvaženih fondovaRotšild fondacije iz Londona, Klejms konferencije izNjujorka i Holandskog fonda iz Haga, uz značajnu podrškuSekretarijata za kulturu Grada Beograda, objavila je knjigu odobrim ljudima iz Srbije.Grad Beograd je uvrstio našu knjigu u kategoriju kapitalnihizdanja. To je najlepša nagrada i priznanje za izdavačku delatnostJevrejske opštine Zemun i ugledne autore: pisac MilanFogel i istoričari prof. dr Milan Ristović i dr Milan Koljanin.The Jewish Community in Zemun, with the generous supportof esteemed funds, the Rothschild Fund from London, theClaims Conference from New York and the Holland Fund fromThe Hague and the substantial backing of the Department ofCulture of the City of Belgrade published a book about thegood people of Serbia.The City of Belgrade has categorizedour book as a capital workedition. It is a most commendableaward and recognition ofZemun Jewish Community’spublishing activity as well as thework of the book’s three eminentauthors: writer Milan Fogel andhistorians Prof. Dr Milan Ristovićand Dr. Milan Koljanin.Knjigu „Pravednici među narodima– Srbija“ možete poručiti preko našee-mail adrese: jozemun@eunet.rsKnjiga se može nabaviti u prostorijamaJevrejske opštine u Zemunu, Dubrovačkabr. 21 od 10 do 14 časova svakogradnog dana.Detaljnije obaveštenje o načinu poručivanjaizdanja Jevrejske opštineZemun možete naći na web sajtuhttp://joz.rsThe edition „Righteous amongthe Nations – Serbia“ can beordered at our e-mail address:jozemun@eunet.rsThe book can further be obtainedat Jewish CommunityZemun’s premises, DubrovačkaStr. No. 21 from 10 a.m. to 2p.m. each working day Mondaytrough Friday.More details on ordering editionspublished by the Zemun JewishCommunity can be obtained onour web site http://joz.rsIZADAVAČ - PUBLISHER:http://joz.rs