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Multiplying and Dividing - The University of Auckland

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<strong>of</strong> household crowding or income inequality. TB, however, forces the attention on howinequality can exist in multiple ways beyond the economic such as in the effects <strong>of</strong> historicalinequality (coming through now in the disparate rates among elderly), social marginalisation(evident in the experiences <strong>of</strong> Asian people with TBD), <strong>and</strong> the current transnational linkageswhich create persistent inequalities (apparent in the complex pattern <strong>of</strong> TB among Pacificpopulations). <strong>The</strong> study points out that Leatherman’s (2005) ‘space <strong>of</strong> vulnerability’ is notthe same space for different communities even within the one city. It is up to us in furtherwork to tease out these underlying vulnerabilities <strong>and</strong> effective ways to tackle them beyondthe simple focus upon particular ethnicities.ReferencesBeford, R. <strong>and</strong> J. Lidgard, 1996. International migration in the Asia–Pacific region in the 1980s <strong>and</strong>1990s: Two New Zeal<strong>and</strong> perspectives. Population Studies Centre Discussion Papers No. 19.Hamilton, New Zeal<strong>and</strong>: Unviersity <strong>of</strong> Waikato.Bor<strong>of</strong>sky, R., 2002. <strong>The</strong> four subfields: Anthropologists as mythmakers. American Anthropologist,104(2):463-480.Bryant, R. <strong>and</strong> S. Bailey, 1997. Third World Political-Ecology. New York: Routledge.Calder, L., 2000. Tuberculosis: reasons for diagnostic delay in Auckl<strong>and</strong>. New Zeal<strong>and</strong> MedicalJournal, 113:483-5.Calder, L., S. Marment, A. Cheng, W. Gao, <strong>and</strong> G. Simmons, 2001. Adherence with self-administeredtreatment <strong>of</strong> latent tuberculosis infection in Auckl<strong>and</strong>. New Zeal<strong>and</strong> Public Health Report,8:49-52.Das, D., M. Baker, <strong>and</strong> L. Calder, 2006a. Tuberculosis epidemiology in New Zeal<strong>and</strong> 1995-2004. NewZeal<strong>and</strong> Medical Journal, 119(1243):U2249.Das, D., M. Baker, K. Venugopoal, <strong>and</strong> S. McAllister, 2006b. Why the tuberculosis rate is not fallingin New Zeal<strong>and</strong>. New Zeal<strong>and</strong> Medical Journal, 119(1234): U2248.De Zoysa, R., P. Shoemack, R. Vaughan, <strong>and</strong> A. Vaughan, 2001. A prolonged outbreak <strong>of</strong> tuberculosisin the North Isl<strong>and</strong>. New Zeal<strong>and</strong> Public Health Report, 8:1-4.Dressler, M., 2001. Medical anthropology: Toward a third moment in social science? MedicalAnthropology Quarterly, 15:455-465.Enarson, D., 2006. Migrant tuberculosis: a moving target. International Journal <strong>of</strong> Tuberculosis <strong>and</strong>Lung Disease, 10(9):945.Finn, C., 2006. ‘<strong>The</strong> Maori Problem’? A political ecology <strong>of</strong> tuberculosis among Maori inAoteraroa/New Zeal<strong>and</strong> between 1918 <strong>and</strong> 1945. Unpublished M.A. thesis, <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong>Auckl<strong>and</strong>.G<strong>and</strong>y, M., <strong>and</strong> A. Zumla, 2002. <strong>The</strong> resurgence <strong>of</strong> disease: social <strong>and</strong> historical perspectives on the'new' tuberculosis. Social Science & Medicine, 55:385-396.Harper, J., 1999. An Old Infection: <strong>The</strong> Importance <strong>of</strong> Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Elderly People inScotl<strong>and</strong>. Scottish Medical Journal, 44:134-136.Harper, J., 2002 Endangered Species: Health illness <strong>and</strong> death among Madagascar's People <strong>of</strong> theForest. Durham, North Carolina: Carolina Academic Press.Leatherman, T., 2005. A space <strong>of</strong> vulnerability in poverty <strong>and</strong> health: Political-ecology <strong>and</strong> bioculturalanalysis. Ethos, 33(1):46-70.Leslie , P. W., <strong>and</strong> M. A Little, 2003. Human biology <strong>and</strong> ecology: Variation in nature <strong>and</strong> the nature<strong>of</strong> variation. American Anthropologist, 105:28-37.Lock, M., 1993. Encounters with aging: mythologies <strong>of</strong> menopause in Japan <strong>and</strong> North America.Berkeley: <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> California Press.Lock, M., <strong>and</strong> P. Kaufert., 2001. Menopause, local biologies, <strong>and</strong> cultures <strong>of</strong> aging. American Journal<strong>of</strong> Human Biology, 13:494-504.41

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