CONTENTS - Emerald

1 Applications and Engineering
041101 `Higher Radix Nonrestoring Modular Multiplication Algorithm
and Public-Key LSI Architecture with Limited Hardware Resources'
M Abe, H Morita, Asiacrypt 94 pp 307{317
The authors present a design for a modular exponentiation chip which uses higher
radix arithmetic and a RAM based architecture. With 13,000 gates and six 512 bit
RAMs, a 512 bit exponentiation should take a tenth of a second at 17MHz.
041102 `The Radar Concept using Neural Networks'
T Alexandre, Cardis 94 pp 15{31
The author describes a prototype system for monitoring spending patterns, which
uses neural network techniques and whose runtime code can be elded in a smartcard
and will generate an alarm if the card is used to make anunusual transaction.
041103 `Making Smartcard Systems Robust'
RJ Anderson, Cardis 94 pp 1{14
The author discusses the nature of security robustness, and argues that explicitness
rather than overdesign or redundancy should be the organising principle. Above all,
one must make the system goals and threat model explicit; but the principle is also
useful in enforcing the security properties of the implementation. A distributed TCB,
such as one gets with smartcard based payment systems, can make explicit checking
of security relevant data items both mandatory and pervasive. This was implemented
in a smartcard payment system now elded in a number of countries.
041104 `Whither Cryptography?'
RJ Anderson, Information Management and Computer Security v 2 no 5 (1994) pp
13{20
Three widely held beliefs on cryptography are that it is mostly used to keep communications
secure, that it is the only way to secure electronic evidence, and that most
attacks on cryptosystems involve technical skill. These are shown to be mistaken. A
survey of applications reveals that most applications are concerned with preventing
fraud, in ATMs, telephone cards, pay-per-view TV decoders, burglar alarms and the
like. Furthermore, cryptographic evidence can usually be defeated in court by aggressive
discovery techniques, and most failures result from the opportunistic exploitation
of design or operational blunders rather than from technical attacks.
041105 `Apacs sets standards for cheques'
D Austin, Banking Technology (Mar 95) p 9
Advances in printing technology have enabled a large number of unsupervised commercial
printers to enter the bespoke corporate cheque market, leading to a rise in
cheque fraud. The UK banks are now trying to impose standards and accreditation.
041106 `Smart times ahead'
D Austin, Banking Technology (Feb 95) pp 22{25
The case for smartcards in banking was always hard to make on security alone,
but the growth of card forgery may be changing this. Of equal importance may be
the ability to o er space to retailers for incentive schemes, and to gather information
about customer spending patterns.
041107 `Optical extra for mag-strip cards'
Banking Technology (Mar 95) p 49
This article describes a new security technology, which is based on an optical hologram
containing a unique sequence number and printed on a magnetic card. It is
claimed to be cheaper and harder to forge than a smartcard chip.
3