Memory Bandwidth Limited Kernels - GPU Technology Conference

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Impact of Address Alignment• Warps should access aligned regions for maximum memory throughput• L1 can help for misaligned loads if several warps are accessing a contiguous region• ECC further significantly reduces misaligned store throughputExperiment:– Copy 16MB of floats– 256 threads/blockGreatest throughputdrop:– CA loads: 15%– CG loads: 32%© NVIDIA Corporation 2011
REFERENCESr ,1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.JOHNSON, H.H. and WILNER, A.M. “Moisture and Stable Crack Growth in a High-StrengthSteel”. Applied Materials Research, January 1965, p 34.MQSTOVOY, S. and RIPLING, E.J. “The Feasibility of Using Fracture Mechanics forEvaluating High-Hardness Armow Steel”. US Army Tank Automotive Command, Warren,Michigan, Technical Report No. 10580, 19 June 1969.PIPER, D.E., SMITH, S.H. and CARTER, R.V. “Corrosion Fatigue and Stress CorrosionCracking in Aqueous Environments”. Metals Engineering Quarterly, v. 8, August 1968,p 50.NOVAK, S.R. and ROLFE, S.T. “Modified WOL Specimen for KISCC EnvironmentalTesting”. J. OfMaterials, v. 4, no. 3, 1969, p 701.BROWN, B.F. “A New Stress-Corrosion Cracking Test for High-Strength Alloys”.Materials Research and Standards, v. 6, no. 3, 1966, p 129.SRAWLEY, J.E. and GROSS, B. “Stress Intensity Factors for Crack-Line-Loaded Edge-Crack Specimens”. Materials Research and Standards, v. ?, no. 4, 196 7, p 155.MOSTOVOY, S., CROSLEY, P.B. and RIPLING, E.J. “Use of Crack-Line-Loaded Specimensfor Measuring Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness.” J. of Materials, v. 2, no. 3, 1967,p 661.HYATT, M.V. “Use of Precracked Specimens in SCC of High-Strength Aluminum Alloys”.Boeing Document 06-24466, November 1969.HEYER, R.H. and McCABE, D.E. “Plane-Stress Fracture Toughness Testing Using a Crack-Line-Loaded Specimen”. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, v. 4, 19 72, p 393.HEYER, R.H. and McCABE, D.E. “Crack Growth Resistance in Plane-Stress FractureTesting.” Engineering Fracture Mechanics, v. 4, 1972, p 413.BROWN, W.F., Jr. “Effects of Some Dimensional Variables for Compact Tension Specimens”.Note for ASTM E-24 Sub I, September 23,1969.“Tentative Method of Test for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Material”.ASTM Specification E399- 70T, March 19 70.HICKEY, C.F., Jr. “Toughness Data from Monolithic High Hardness Armow Steel”.AMMRC, Watertown, Mass., PTR 72-3, July 1972.BENJAMINy W.D. and STEIGERWALS, E.A. “An Incubation Time for the Initiation ofStress-Corrosion Cracking in Pre-Cracked 4340 Steel”. Trans. ASM, v. 60, no. 4,.1967, p 547.WEI, R.P., NOVAK, S.R. and WILLIAMS, D.P. “Some Important Considerations in theDevelopment of Stress Corrision Cracking Test Methods”. Materials Research and Standards,v. 12, no. 9, 1972, p 25.
Page 1 and 2: CUDA Optimization:Memory Bandwidth
Page 3: © NVIDIA Corporation 2011Launch Co
Page 7 and 8: © NVIDIA Corporation 2011Memory Ac
Page 9 and 10: Load Operation• Memory operations
Page 11 and 12: Non-caching Load• Warp requests 3
Page 17 and 18: Non-caching Load• All threads in
Page 19: Non-caching Load• Warp requests 3
Page 23 and 24: Additional “memories”• Textur
Page 25 and 26: Summary• Strive for perfect coale
Page 27: Questions?

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