COVER STORYand then wedded to an inhalation device.Out of a basket of syk inhibitors handedover by Rigel, Pfizer chose R343 tomove into clinical development. The bigpharma firm completed Phase I studies ofthe drug but never published the results,and when it decided to exit research in allergyand respiratory diseases earlier thisyear, the Rigel program fell victim.For Rigel, the timing couldn’t have beenbetter, Rodriguez says. The company hadjust licensed its lead compound, fostamatinib,to AstraZeneca, which took over responsibilityfor clinical development. As themost advanced drug candidate in its internalpipeline, R343 suddenly became Rigel’s toppriority. “It’s a great opportunity for ourcompany because we now, unlike in <strong>20</strong>05,An Innovation in Mass SpectrometryIs On The Horizon...This summer, laboratories everywhere will experience the benefitsof the release of an exceptional new Mass Spectrometry platform.Purposefully built to bring unprecedented levels of analytical powerand efficiency to small molecule analysis applications, this new systemdelivers performance and value like nothing you‘ve ever seen before.Keep watching www.bruker.com/ms for more information about thisexciting, new development.Innovation with IntegrityMASS SPECTROMETRYhave a lot more capabilities and financialwherewithal to develop it,” Rodriguez says.Because the company has already conducteda Phase II clinical trial for fostamatinibinvolving more than 700 arthritispatients, it has the experience to design andcarry out the next set of studies for R343,Rod riguez notes. Meanwhile, Pfizer putin the medicinal chemistry elbow greaseto turn Rigel’s lead compound into a drugcandidate that is well characterized from asafety standpoint, he says. “That took a lot ofwork on the Pfizer side to get to this point.”Rigel plans to publish, with Pfizer, R343’sPhase I safety data at an upcoming meetingon respiratory diseases. In addition toa clean safety profile, Rodriguez says, thedrug shows signs of working in humans exactlyas it does in animal models.AFTER THE END of its deal with AstraZeneca,Targacept also finds itself with a new leadinternal compound, TC-5619, an alpha7 neuronalnicotinic receptor (NNR) modulatorin midstage development for schizophrenia.But unlike other big pharma companiesthat terminated deals because of pipelinerevamps, AstraZeneca appears to have givenback TC-5619 in a risk-mitigation move.The two companies have worked togetheron small molecules targeting NNRssince <strong>20</strong>05, but their partnership on TC-5619 ended after a Phase II trial producedmixed results. The drug showed signs ofimproving cognitive function and alleviatingnegative symptoms, such as lack ofemotion, experienced by schizophrenics.Existing drugs primarily address positivesymptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions,meaning TC-5619 could be uniquelypositioned in the marketplace. Both partiesagreed another trial was needed, butthey could not come to terms on its scopeand timing, Targacept’s deBethizy says.Analysts say the British drug firm waswary of the economics of continuing to developTC-5619. The next clinical trial wouldhave cost up to $12 million, but AstraZenecaalso would have had to pay Targacept a$30 million fee for continued access to thedrug, Needham’s Carr notes.“Big pharma is not interested in takingon more clinical-stage risk,” Carr says. “Inthis case, it makes sense for Targacept tospend the $10 million to $12 million, learnwhat they can, and then try to find a partner.”Carr says he wouldn’t be surprised ifAstraZeneca bought into the program “at asubstantial premium” if the next round ofdata turn out to be solid.WWW.CEN-ONLINE.ORG 18 JUNE <strong>20</strong>, <strong>20</strong>11
For Targacept, getting the rights back toTC-5619 “was a real windfall,” given that allof the firm’s other advanced clinical candidatesare partnered, deBethizy says. Headds that the company would like to holdon to the rights to the compound “as longas we can,” with the idea of signing anotherdeal after it has generated more data.Like deBethizy, most biotech executivesview a newly reclaimed molecule as awindfall. However, it’s one that comes withcaveats, because not all firms are equipped,financially or scientifically, to move a drugcandidate forward on their own.And although biotech companies areeager to spin a deal breakup as good news,losing an important funding stream canhave painful short-term consequences.Exelixis, now reveling in full ownershipof cabozantinib, felt the sting when BMSwalked away from the compound. Its stockprice dropped by 16% the day the newsbroke and continued to decline throughoutlast summer. And to support the developmentof cabozantinib, Exelixis has cutabout 75% of its staff and stopped workingon all its other internal projects.“We did the same prioritization thatBMS did,” Exelixis’ Morrissey says. Everyinvestment decision needed to be spot-on,he adds. “We couldn’t afford to miss.”The thinking at Exelixis after the restructuringwas, “This was do or die,” hesays. Everyone knew that “we’ve got tomake these next four months really count.”NOT ALL BIOTECH executives are as frankas Morrissey about the sense of urgencythey felt when a partner exited the scene,but many companies that have regainedthe rights to a drug have had to adjust theirstrategies. Some immediately went to thepublic markets to raise the cash to fundtheir newly expanded pipelines.For example, at the end of May, Rigelraised more than $130 million in a publicoffering so it could initiate Phase II studiesfor R343 and keep previous plans to beginPhase I trials for two new compounds.Even with cash in hand, biotechs mightstill find questions lingering over the valueof returned compounds. “The problem,I think, is perception,” PureTech’s Zoharsays. Even though investors and potentialpartners are well aware of the changes happeningacross the industry, abandoned programscan still carry “a taint,” she says. Butas more of these projects are returned forstrategic, rather than scientific, reasons,“it’ll become less traumatic.”Flash ChromatographyforNatural ProductsReduce purifications from DAYS to HOURSusing CombiFlash instruments andRediSep Rf Gold columnsi Walk-away operation usingactive solvent/waste management,peak detection, andfractionationi See everything with our widerange of detection optionsfrom UV-vis to EvaporativeLight Scattering Detection(ELSD)i Eliminate multiple runs —load samples up to hundredsof grams. Our new 3 Kg size isideal for initial extractions.i Separate at up to 1 L/min whileachieving high resolution withour spherical mediai Purify compounds from lowto high polarity on our wideselection of mediaLearn about new methods for natural productspurification at www.isco.com/natural, or bycontacting us:800.228.4373402.464.0231iscoinfo@teledyne.comGoldWWW.CEN-ONLINE.ORG 19 JUNE <strong>20</strong>, <strong>20</strong>11