Effluent Treatment for Intensive Aquaculture Systems

Effluent Treatment for IntensiveAquaculture SystemsDennis P. DeLongExtension Aquaculture SpecialistCollege of Agriculture and Life SciencesNorth Carolina State University

Why are we considering intensivesystems?• All animal production operations produce waste• In pond culture, waste solids are processedwithin the pond, effluent water is discharged

Why are we considering intensivesystems?• With intensive systems, we have the potential tomake an operation more ‘environmentallyfriendly’• Effluent can be concentrated in a ‘point source’discharge

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What is a Geotube ® ?• Geotextile bag• Manufactured by TenCate TM Geosynthetics• Approx. 400-micron pore sizehttp://www.tencate.comwww.tencate.com/

General Geotube ®layoutRock BedFishProductionFacilityGeotextileBag27.4 m longPolymerPumpPolymerTankWasteEffluentLineWastewaterSump 1MixingSystem.PolymerInjectionPointClarifiedEffluent SumpPipeline toEffluentPond

Injection pumpDirty water sumpMixing elbowsPolymer injection point (wye(wye)

The coagulant• Organic polymer– high cationic charge– binds to solids rapidly– referred to as ‘liquidvelcro’• Numerous formulations available forvarious water conditions

Geotube ® influentGeotube ® effluent

Results of 6-week 6TrialTKN TAN Nitrite Nitrate TP COD FSSmg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/LGeotube IN 39.1 1.9 4.3 117 21.8 1410 1060Geotube OUT 16.2 7.5 5.6 55.8 14.4 162 46.7Reduction 59% -292% -31% 52% 34% 88% 96%Intermittent inflow = 35 - 40 liters per minuteConstant outflow = 14 liters per minute

FSSResults from Geotube ® I, FinalTKNTP10.90.80.70.60.50.40.30.20.1Removal Rate (decimal fraction)6/13/20056/20/20056/27/20057/6/20057/11/20057/18/20057/26/20058/2/20058/9/20058/16/20058/30/2005010/19/200510/25/200511/2/200511/8/200511/15/200511/23/200511/30/200512/7/200512/14/200512/21/2005Date

After 10 Weeks of Dewatering12,099 kg feed4,545 kg sludge17.7% dry weight82.3 % moistureHychem Hyperfloc CE 1950 Polymer26.8 liters used = $136Approx. 0.45 ml polymer per kg feed

ProposedGeotube ®SystemComponentsfor a 140 mtFarm$2,874 Hyperfloc Annual$6,404 Two Geotubes$17,116 Total systemMajor Materials and Component OptionsSized for a commercial scale facility with production of up to 300,000 pounds per year.One system, two bagsComponent Description Quantity Unit Cost Units CostA 3" PVC Pipe & FittingsB, M Sump 1 2 $ 141.90 each $ 283.80B, M Sump Cover 1 $ 83.60 each $ 83.60B Sewage Pump 1 $ 234.75 each $ 234.75C Polymer Pump 1 $ 345.00 each $ 345.00C Tubing from pump 1 $ 23.50 roll $ 23.50D Polymer Storage Tank 1 $ 337.95 each $ 337.95D Hyper Floc Polymer, CE1950G 30 $ 95.80 $ 2,874.00E Injection ComponentsE 2" diameter PVC Y 1 $ 4.00 each $ 4.00E 2" x 1/2" PVC Reducer Bushing 1 $ 3.00 each $ 3.00E hose adapter 1 $ 4.50 $ 4.50F Mixing SystemF 2" x 3" PVC reducer bushing 2 $ 6.40 each $ 12.80F 3" PVC Elbows 13 $ 12.00 each $ 156.00F 2" PVC Male Adapter $ -F 2" Polypropylene Male Quick Disconnect 2 $ 4.60 each $ 9.20G 2 " Hose to Geotube 20 $ 3.20 ft $ 64.00G 2" Polypropylene Female Quick Disconnect 2 $ 11.15 each $ 22.30G 2" x 3" PVC reducer bushing 1 $ 6.40 each $ 6.40G 3" PVC Elbows 1 $ 12.00 each $ 12.00J 3" Bulkhead fitting 1 $ 17.50 each $ 17.50L Male Adapter, 3" 1 $ 9.00 each $ 9.00M Sewage Pump 1 $ 234.75 each $ 234.75H 90 ft x 30 ft Geotube 2 $ 3,202.00 each $ 6,404.00Liner for containment structure 2 $ 1,417.00 $ 2,834.00Lumber for containment structure 2 $ 595.00 $ 1,190.00K Stone, #5 washed, 12 tons 80 $ 25.00 tons $ 2,000.00*Notes: Aquatic EcoSystem is the sole destributor of GeoTubes in the United States $ 17,166.05Aquatic EcoSystems, Inc.2395 Apopka BlvdApopka, FL 32703877 347-4788www.aquaticeco.com

After three-step processGeotubeINGeotubeOUTDenitrificationOUTAfter biofilterand ozone