Islamization of Africa II:| Rethinking the Spread of Islam: West Africa

Islam and TradeConclusion important:- nature of Muslims’ relationships with ‘pagan’regions/kings became moot with establishment between11 th and 15 th centuries of series of Islamic states acrossWest African desert-edge.-BUT it re-emerged in late 18 th and 19 th centuries in(sub-Saharan) West Africa as jihads were launchedagainst ‘less-then-fully-Muslim’ states –justifyingthemselves much as the Almoravids had centuriesearlier.[we will look at one of the most significant, Sokoto, in ‘Case Studies’]