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<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy RoadmapsBenchmarking of European and U.S.Hydrogen Roadmapping Efforts :The <strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE ProjectRei Fernandes,IDMEC/IST Portugalon behalf of the <strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE consortiumII International Forum“HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DEVELOPING WORLD”Moscow, 22-23 April 2008www.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 1
Overview<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• Introduction• Program structure & stakeholderinvolvement• Models• Results• IPHE Roadmapping Activiites• Potential Roadmapping Processwww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 2
Project Scope & Objectives<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• Compare roadmapping & system analysisactivities in Europe & USA (+ other IPHEpartners)• Improve understanding of the ongoing activities(common language, mutual understanding,alignment of international approaches)• By Comparing• Modeling approaches• Hydrogen pathway analysis in both regions• Basic technical & economic assumptions• Infrastructure & transition analysiswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 3
IPHE Members<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmapswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 4
HyWAYS-IPHE Partners<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy RoadmapsEU Institutes U.S. Institutes Industry monitoring groupLudwig-Bölkow-Systemtechnik• 24 month project (Oct 2006 – Oct 2008)• Total Budget 537 k€ (56%EC, 30% US DOE, 14% Industry)www.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 5
The Hydrogen Economy<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• HYDROGEN represents a promising way to amore sustainable energy system. However, R&Dis still needed to cut costs, improve performanceand evaluate advantages and obstacles to theintroduction of hydrogen into transport andpower generation markets.• Many regions of the world have developed, orare making efforts to prepare a hydrogenroadmap.www.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 6
A Hydrogen Roadmap is:<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• A JOINT ENDEAVOR of industry, government,academia and the public providing a structured processfor a coordinated, long-term effort in preparing,introducing and implementing hydrogen into energy andtransport systems.• AN IDENTIFICATION INSTRUMENT for the keytechnologies, products and markets, together withforeseeable obstacles to their development, introductionand use, and the possible measures to be overcome.• AN ASSESSMENT of expected impacts on the market,society and environment.www.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 7
A Hydrogen Roadmap is:<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• A NAVIGATION TOOL for strategic planning andimplementation of research development, structuralchanges and infrastructural investment.• AN OPPORTUNITY FOR COMMUNICATION betweenall involved stakeholders of different backgrounds,viewpoints and interests.• A TECHNICAL, ECONOMIC AND STRATEGICANALYSIS leading to a master plan with a derived list ofactions based on a combination of visions pathwayscenarios and systems modeling.www.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 8
What was Done<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• Comparison of Models and Approaches AppliedFor Hydrogen Roadmaps in Europe and theUSA• Assessment of nine Hydrogen EnergyPathways, Production-delivery-distribution, WithRegard to Costs, Energy Use and Well-towheelsEmissionswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 9
Overview<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• Introduction• Program structure & stakeholderinvolvement• Models• Results• IPHE Roadmapping Activiites• Potential Roadmapping Processwww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 10
Program Structurewww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.org<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• US – government driven• DOE responsible for setting & achieving targets• Input from Industry, states & cities, & Advisory Councils• Project input - stakeholders including annual project reviewmeeting• Large national plan - not broken into regional plans• Obvious connection between program goals & projects• Europe – industrial stakeholder driven• European Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Technology Program (HFP)• Implementation panel ⇒ Implementation Plan• JTI (public-private partnership) for proposals & projects toachieve targets• Member States provide own plan• JTI defines connections between goals & projectsPage 11
H 2 Energy Pathways Compared<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy RoadmapsN o Timeframe Production Delivery End use1Onsite SMRNear termn.a.2 Onsite Electrolysis(~2007)3 Central Biomass GH 2 pipe45 Mid term NG SMR6 (~2015) Wind electrolysiswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgNG SMR7 Coal gasificat. w/CCS8 Long term9 (~2030)NG SMR w/CCSCoal gasificat. w/ CCSelectricity byproductLH 2 truckGH 2 pipeGH 2 pipeLH 2 truckFuellingstationFuellingstationFuellingstationPage 12
Major Model Types<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmapswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 13
Major Model Types<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmapswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 14
Spatial & Tecno-economic Detail<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmapswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 15
<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• Introduction• Program structure & stakeholderinvolvement• Models• Results• IPHE Roadmapping Activiites• Potential Roadmapping Processwww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 16
Main Message<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• Among roadmapping methods, “ONE SIZE DOES NOTFIT ALL” but a good foundation of resources has beenestablished for future efforts• Roadmap programmes differ, but in both casessuccessful progress involves two crucial factors:• Strong collaboration between key industries and governmentwith extensive stakeholder input ensuring that technical & marketexpertise is brought together with policy goals and programs• Formal systems analysis describing energy use, infrastructure,cost and emissions of hydrogen technology and underpinningthe feasibility for the roadmap implementation.www.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 17
Key Model Types & Findings<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmapswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 18
Key Differences I<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmapswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 19
Key Differences II<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmapswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 20
Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmapswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 21
Tank-to-Wheels Vehicle Data I<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmapswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 22
Tank-to-Wheels Vehicle Data II<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmapswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 23
<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• Introduction• Program structure & stakeholderinvolvement• Models• Results• IPHE Roadmapping Activiites• Potential Roadmapping Processwww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 24
IPHE Roadmapping Activiites I<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy RoadmapsMODELS &TOOLSCOVERAGEUSAEU-10UKFRDEITNOICCNNZKRINAUCABRJPRUH2AGREETH2 Cost analysisGHGs and petroleum useORNL modelComsumer chioce & vehiclepenetration impacts on H2 use,vehicle & infrastructure costsE3databaseMARKALpathway costs; energyrequirements; GHGsEnergy system modelling: BottomupoptimisationMoreHysEnergy system modelling:Regional bottom-up optimisationCOPERTPace-TISISCONCAWEnon-CO2 emissionsProduction & consumptionelasticitiesImport/Export modellingdatabasewww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 25
IPHE Roadmapping Activiites II<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy RoadmapsMODELS &TOOLSCOVERAGEUSAEU-10UKFRDEITNOICCNNZKRINAUCABRJPRUPOLESSimulation and economic analysisof sectoral impacts of climatechange mitigation strategiesUnnamed modelEnergy system model as the linkand collecting vessel for allassumptions (H2 infrastructureanalysis; energy demand andavailability; conversion processes;cost and CO2 emissions)TIMESSTELLAUnnamed modelLong-run electricity generationcostsUnnamed model H2 production costwww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 26
<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• Introduction• Program structure & stakeholderinvolvement• Models• Results• IPHE Roadmapping Activiites• Potential Roadmapping Processwww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 27
Recommendations for developing aRoadmap<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmaps• Assess position in global H 2 development (early mover,fast follower, etc) – develop realistic assumptions for H 2deployment• Incorporate regional aspects (energy sources, policies,strengths of research & industry)• Use appropriate models – comprehensible & robust(more sophisticated is not always better; model resultsonly valuable when inputs and approaches accepted bystakeholders)• For asumptions with highest uncertainties (energyprices, H 2 penetration levels), use imperfect foresight orsensitivity analysiswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 28
Recommendations for developing aroadmap<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy Roadmapswww.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 29
Acknowledgement<strong>HyWays</strong> -Benchmarking of Hydrogen Energy RoadmapsThis project was financed by:European Commission under FP6 (Contract Nº SES6-038965)US Department of Energy´s Hydrogen ProgramPartners Contributions.Thank you for your attention!http://www.hyways-iphe.org/www.<strong>HyWays</strong>-IPHE.orgPage 30
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