Current Status and Historical Trends of Brown Tide and Red Tide ...

Title/Chap.: Taxonomy and cysts of red-tide dinoflagellatesBook: Proceedings of The First International Conference on Toxic DinoflagellateBloomsEditor: V. R. LoCiceroPages: 249-255Publisher: The Massachusetts Science and Technology Foundation, Wakefield, MAKey words: taxonomy, cyst, red tide, dinoflagellate, life cycle, theca, Gonyaulax, speciescomplexSummary: Many dinoflagellate species, both estuarine and neritic, produce a cyst at some partof their life cycle. Cysts are composed of a variety of materials, can providetaxonomic information and have indicated that the Genus Gonyaulax is geneticallyheterogeneous with seven species complexes. The G. tamarensis complexincludes red-tide species such as Gonyaulax [now Alexandrium] monilata andpossesses a distinctive thecal morphotype common to all species in the complexand some others. Taxonomic revision is needed for the Genus Gonyaulax andothers, and cyst cycles should be employed to identify species complexes.Methods: None (review)QA/QC: N/AContact: David WallSource Inst.: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USAAuthor: Ward, J. E. and Targett, N. M.Date: 1989Title/Ch.: Are metabolites from the brown tide alga, Aureococcus anophagefferens,deleterious to mussel feeding behavior?Book: Novel Phytoplankton Blooms: Causes and Impacts of Recurrent Brown Tides andOther Unusual Blooms, Coastal and Estuarine Studies 35Editor: E. M. Cosper, V. M. Bricelj and E. J. CarpenterPages: 543-556Publisher: Springer-VerlagKey words: metabolites, brown tide, Aureococcus anophagefferens, mussel, bloom, Isochrysisgalbana, Heterosigma akashiwo, Dunaliella tertiolectaSummary: Given the adverse effects of A. anophagefferens on bivalves, the lack ofphytoplankton diversity during the brown tide blooms and the high densities of thebrown tide alga, the authors hypothesized a metabolite detrimental to bivalvefeeding behavior. They found, however, no evidence of a negative effect by A.anophagefferens on mussel filtration rates, particle selection or valve movements,even at densities of 10 5 -10 6 cells/ml. Their findings do not rule out toxic effects ofmetabolite exposure for days or weeks, rapidly degrading metabolites or harmfulepicellular constituents.Methods: See “Methods.”QA/QC: None per se; see “Methods.”Contact: J. Evan WardSource Inst.: University of Delaware, College of Marine Studies, Lewes, DE 19958 USAAuthor: Wardle, W. J., Ray, S. M. and Aldrich, A. S.165