What To Do If An Emergency Occurs On - DOE Oak Ridge Operations

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Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge National LaboratoryThe Oak Ridge NationalLaboratory (ORNL) is DOE'slargest multipurpose sciencelaboratory and is managed by UT-Battelle LLC. ORNL wasestablished in 1943 as a part of theManhattan Project and wasformerly known as the X-10 site.Today, ORNL is an internationalleader in a range of scientific areasthat support DOE’s mission in theOffice of Science. TheLaboratory’s six major scientificcompetencies include neutronscience, energy, high performancecomputing, complex biologicalsystems, advanced materials, andnational security.Spallation Neutron SourceThis one-of-a-kind facility was builton Chestnut Ridge by apartnership of sixDOE laboratoriesto provide the mostintense pulsedneutron beams inthe world forscientific researchand industrialdevelopment.Neutron researchat the SpallationNeutron Sourcehelps researchersimprove materialsFACTS: ORNL• Sector X• Located on Bethel ValleyRoad in the Roane Countysection of Oak Ridge• 4,000 employees and 3,000guest researchers annually• 4,470 acres• www.ornl.govused in high-temperaturesuperconductors, powerfullightweight magnets, aluminumbridge decks, and stronger,lighter plastic products. Thisresearch has already led toimproved shatter-proofwindshields, pocket calculators,adjustable seats, and moreaccurate satellite weatherforecast information.High Flux IsotopeReactorThe High FluxIsotope Reactor(HFIR) began fullpoweroperations in1966 and is one ofthe world's mostpowerful researchreactors.One of the originalprimary purposes ofthe HFIR was the production ofcalifornium-252 and othertransuranium isotopes for research,industrial, and medicalapplications. Today, the principaluse of HFIR is for neutron physicsresearch.Radiochemical EngineeringDevelopment Center - Building7920Since the mid-1960s, theRadiochemical EngineeringDevelopment Center (REDC) hasbeen the production, storage, anddistribution center for the heavyelementresearch program of DOE.This includes work with transuranicelements, such as neptunium,americium, and californium. Theseelements are used in a number ofapplications, including medicalresearch and industry.High Flux Isotope ReactorThe heart of the REDC is a batteryof nine heavily shielded hot cellshoused in a two-story building. Ofthe nine cells, four containchemical processing equipmentfor dissolution, solvent extraction,ion exchange, and precipitationoperations. Three containequipment for the preparation andinspection of transuranic elementtargets, while one cell is used foranalytical chemistry operations,and another is used for wastecollection and sorting.Transuranic (TRU) Waste FacilityThe Transuranic Waste ProcessingCenter is managed by EnergX onbehalf of Foster Wheeler. The siteis located on 5.2 acres of land offHighway 95.Spallation Neutron Source4445
Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge National LaboratoryThe TWPC mission is to receivelegacy TRU wastes and futurewastes to be generated fromdecontamination anddecommissioning, remediation,and ongoing mission operationsat the ORNL complex. The facilityprocesses, treats, repackages andships the waste for final disposalat the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant,Nevada Test Site, or any otherdesignated disposal facility.The site is the only facility of itstype in the region specificallydesigned to accomplish thismission. Low-level and low-levelmixed wastes generated as abyproduct of TRU processoperations are also processed forshipment to the Nevada Test Siteor other appropriate disposalfacility.Molten Salt Reactor ExperimentFacilityThe Molten Salt ReactorExperiment (MSRE) operated atORNL from 1965 to 1969. Itspurpose was to test an alternativeconcept for powering a nuclearreactor. Rather than using fuelrods to contain the radioactivesource, as do today's commercialpower reactors, the MSREpumped a mixture of radioactivemolten salt through a series ofpipes to generate heat and powerthe reactor.When the reactor was shut down,the fuel salt was drained into twolarge metal tanks. A flush salt wasthen circulated through the tankand drained into a third storagetank. In late 1994, researchersdetected thatradioactivematerial hadtraveled from thestorage tanksinto pipesconnected to thedrain tanks. Thematerial wasremoved fromthe pipes, andDOE is nowplanning theremoval of fuelsalts from thedrain tanks.An expected nine metric tons ofmaterial will be removed from thetanks and transported to astorage facility at ORNL, where itwill await final disposal at anappropriate site.Radiochemical DevelopmentFacility - Building 3019Building 3019 is one of thenation's few repositories foruranium-233 (U-233) and otherspecial nuclear materials, with ahistory dating back to theManhattan Project. Located nearthe center of the ORNL campus,3019 is where the majority of thenation's separated U-233 isstored.U-233 is an alpha-particle emitter,similar to the better-knownisotope, U-235. Associated withthe U-233 and regarded as acontaminant is U-232. Thisuranium isotope emits high-energygamma radiation that requiresextensive shielding to protectworkers.Transuranic Waste FacilityORNL Fire Protection4647
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Page 5 and 6: Key Emergency InformationKey Emerge
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Page 22 and 23: About Chemical HazardsAbout Chemica
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