ANDEAN PAST - Latin American Studies Program - Cornell University

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35.. Dillehay& Rossen:NanchocLithic Tradition .Figure8.Plant fibersassociatedwith semi..brightsheen and smooth grainyplant polish. From RossenandDille~y 1999:131 (40X).Figure 9. Plant fibersand dull, flat, pitted, smeared hide polish (40X).
ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT THE INITIAL PERIOD CENTER OF HUACA EL GALLO/HUACA LA GALLINA,Vmu VALLEY,PERU: nm 1994 FIELDSEASONThomas A. ZoubekSUNY,NewPaZtzIntroductionArchaeological work in the Vim Valley hasa long and distinguished place in the field ofAndean studies. Research began with the firstreconnaissance and excavation in the valleybyKroeber (1930) and Bennett (1939). TheseminalVim ValleyProject of the 1940shelpedpioneer many of the 'methods stillin use today,especially in the realm of setdement patternstudies. Yet, after this auspicious beginningworkin VirUlanguished for the next fiftyyears.In the meantime, people continued to use theVirudata to construct modelsofsocialcomplex'ity (Carneiro 1970j Conrad 1977j Canziani1989) despite the fact that the participants ofthe Virti Project !:ladwarned that their findingswere by no means complete (Ford 1952; Fordand Willey 1949; Willey 1953; 1996). Recentworkin the Vin1Valleyhas shownthe GuafiapeInitial "Period occupation of the valley to beradically different from that first proposed byWilleyin his original study. This work forces areconsideration of the d~velopmentof complexforms of social organization during Guafiapetimes.The author directed excavations at HuacaEI Gallo/LaGallinaduring 1994and again in1995 with the goals of better defining theGuafiapeculture in the Huacapongodrainage ofthe Vim Valley and revealing the nature of amajor Guafiape public center. The 1994 exca,vations, reported here, focused on public archi,tecture on both sides of the site: the easternsunken circular plaza and adjacent circularstructures near La Gallina, and the EI Gallopyramid, secondary mound, and a spiral,shapedenclosure just north of the pyramid. The spi,ral,shaped structure proved to have been erec,ted directly over the elaborate tomb of a reli,. giousspecialistwhowasburiedwith a polishedstone mortar and pestle as well as a sculpturewhich has been reported elsewhere (Zoubek1998a, 1998b, 1998d).The 1995 season concentrated on excavat,ing the terraplein between the EI Gallo andsecondary mound on which the spiral,shapedstructure had been located. A number of addi,tional circular structures were located, all ofwhich had been located directly over burials.This pattern led to the hypothesis that thesestructures may have served as ancestor shrines,which has been presented elsewhere (Zoubek1998c, 1998d). Over 200 m2 were excavatedand six additional circular structures werenoted.Further work was carried out in 1998in thelittle,known Susanga region of .the UpperHuacapongo. Willey had mentioned that herea large number of pyramid,platforms werelocated, but he had only reported a few in anydetail. The author of the present article excava,ted a number of sites identified by Willey,including V,198 and V,230, in addition tomounds hitherto unreported. The moundswereinitiallyconstructed during the MiddleGuafiapePhase and only lightlyused thereafter, primarilyas sitesfor tombs during the Puerto Moorin andultimate Chirnu Phases. The discoveryof Mid,dIeGuafiape sitesin Susanga proves that bythis<strong>ANDEAN</strong><strong>PAST</strong> 6 (2000): 37,68.
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THE MmAFLoRES Et NINO DISASTER:CONV
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THE JEL1 PHASE COMPLEX AT LA EMEREN
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Stilller: LAEmerencianaare developm
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143,1914 The Moist Tropics, the Ari
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147.. Staller:La EmerencianaGENERAL
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Chronology of Coastal Ecuador and F
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ANDEANPAST 6 (2000)Encomienda Tasa
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AGE EsTIMATES FOR THE PETROGLYPH SE
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loCATINGTHE PuZOLANA OBSIDIAN SOURC
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ANDEAN PAST 6 (2000)amazing detail)
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THE ORIGINS AND THE FIRST 25 YEARS
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349..colleagues to participate in t
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351..the MCjA did, and second that
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353....moving to Ann Arbor, this is
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357.. Browman: The Midwestern Andea
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ANDEANPAST 6 (2000)GregorioCordero
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Addressesof AuthorsAddresses of Aut
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399..Advice to ContributorsADVICE T
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