current and emerging public health hazards - Plumbing Industry ...

THE ROLE OF PLUMBERS IN MANAGING CURRENTAND EMERGING PUBLIC HEALTH HAZARDSFig 2. Chronology of Discovery of Key Waterborne & Vectorborne DiseasesDISEASE NAMECAUSATIVEAGENTDATEDISCOVEREDDESCRIPTIONCholera Vibrio cholerae 1854 Description: An acute intestinal infection caused byingestion of food or water contaminated with thebacterium Vibrio cholerae.Symptoms: Heavy, runny diarrhoea. If left untreated,can cause death.Ross River Fever Ross River Virus 1963 Description: One of a group of viruses called arboviruses,which are spread by certain types of female mosquitoes.Symptoms: Fever, chills, headaches, swollen joints.LegionellosisCryptosporidiosisCampylobacteriosis(Severe AcuteRespiratory Syndrome)SARSLegionellapneumophilaCryptosporidiumparvum orCryptosporidiumhominisCampylobacterjejuniSARSassociatedcoronavirus(SARS CoV)1976 Description: A bacteria found in aquatic microfloraand aquatic environments, which can be transmittedthrough aerosols produced by infected water-cooledcooling towers.Symptoms: Pneumonia1976 Description: A protozoan parasite found in the intestinaltract of warm-blooded animals, including humans, whichis released in faeces.Symptoms: Heavy diarrhoea, cramping, vomitingand fatigue. Can be fatal for people who areimmuno-compromised.1977 Description: Bacteria found in birds. Most raw poultrymeat is contaminated with Campylobacter jejuni; alsofound in cattle, sheep, rodents, dogs and cats.Found in fresh and marine waters affected by birdsand sewage effluent.Symptoms: Heavy diarrhoea, cramping, vomitingand fatigue. In rare cases typhoid syndrome andfever-related symptoms.1998 Description: A viral respiratory illness caused by acoronavirus called SARS-associated coronavirus(SARS CoV) spread from human to human.Symptoms: Pneumonia13