Start a pig farm (Part 3) - Ubisi Mail Magazine

TECHNICALStart a pig farm (Part 3)Pig diseases can bring about significant losses on a commercial pig farm. These diseasescan be prevented if a good immunisation programme is followed. Here are some of themost important diseases to take note of:• Colibacillosis: This disease is caused by the Escherichia coli bacterium and leads tointestinal tract inflammation (enteritis) and septicaemia (blood poisoning) in piglets. Thedisease is common among newborn pigs. The disease is characterised by diarrhoea.• Leptospirosis: This is a bacterial infection that causes abortions, stillborn piglets,chronic kidney infection (known as nephritis) and reproduction (fertility) problems.• Progressive atrophic rhinitis (PAR): This bacterial disease affects the nasalcartilages (bones in the nose) and eventually deforms the pig’s face. It can also causepneumonia. Pigs with PAR often sneeze and sniff, may develop nose-bleeds and canexhibit discharges from the nose and eyes.• Porcine parvovirus infection (PPI): This disease is caused by a virus and leads toinfertility, dead foetuses and sometimes abortion.• Diamond skin disease: This disease is also known as eryisipelas and is caused bybacteria found in the tonsils and faeces of pigs. It can affect humans. The disease ischaracterised by diamond-spotted lesions on the skin of the pig.Immunisation programmeTime / age of vaccinationYoung, non-pregnant sows, 6 months oldYoung, pregnant sows, 6 weeks beforefarrowing and a booster 2 weeks beforefarrowingSows, 2 to 3 weeks before farrowing –every yearNon-pregnant, lactating sows –2nd week after farrowingNon-pregnant, lactating sows –every 6 monthsBoar, 6 months old with a booster at age 7months and thereafter every 6 monthsDiseaseLeptospirosisDiamond skin diseaseParvovirusEscherichia coliEscherichia coliLeptospirosisLeptospirosisDiamond skin diseaseParvovirusDiamond skin diseaseParvovirusLeptospirosisDiamond skin diseaseParvovirusSource: Vaccines and Immunisation of Farm Animals by Jan du Preez and Faffa Malan(2008). Available from Agri Connect at R200. Phone Charlene on 012 843 5703 to order. UMUBISI MAIL | MARCH 2010 35

TECHNICALMafu a dikolobe• Lefu la letshollo la dikolobe(colibacillosis): Lefu lena le baka letshollodikolojaneng tse sa tswa tswalwa.• Lefu la leptospirosis: Lefu lena le bakaho folotsa, le dikolojana tse hlahang dikgathetse, tshwaetso diphiyong, mathata aho tswala madinyana.• Lefu la progressive atrophic rhinitis:Lefu lena le baka nyumonia le diphasefahlehong sa dikolobe. Ho thimola, hotswa madi dinkong, ho tswa lero dinkongle melaka mahlong.• Lefu la tshwaetso le bitswang porcineparvovirus infection: Ho nyopa,madinyana a tswalwang a shwele, hofolotsa.• Lefu la letlalo le bitswang diamondskin disease: Diso tse matheba akang taemane letlalong. Diso tsena ditshwaetsa lesapo la mokokotlo, pelo,manonyeletso, feberu.Izifo zeehagu• I-Colibacillosis: Idala urhudokwiihagu ezisandula kuzalwa.• I-Leptospirosis: Idala iimekozokuqhomfa, iihagwanaezizalwa zifile, usulelolwezintso, iingxaki zenzala.• I-atrophic rhinitiseqhubekayo: Idalainyumoniya yaye yonakalisaubuso behagu. Ukuthimla,ukumongoza, ubhobhozooluphuma kwimpumlo nasemehlweni.• Usulelo lwe-Porcine parvovirus: Ukungazali, izinto engekazalwa ezifileyo,ukuqhomfeka.• Isifo solusu sedayimani: Izilonda ezidala amachokoza afana nedayimani kulusu.Sichaphazela umnqonqo, intliziyo, amalungu, ifiva. UMUBISI MAIL | MARCH 2010 37