We have been talking about finding one’s life direction, discovering and nurturing <strong>the</strong>abilities that can give meaning and purpose to that life direction, developing <strong>the</strong> valuesthat will shape both <strong>the</strong> use of those abilities and one’s response to all <strong>the</strong> events of life.In a very real sense, that means we have been talking about what kind of human being <strong>the</strong>gifted child will become as an adult.Over <strong>the</strong> years, when people have asked me what I hope to achieve when teaching giftedlearners, my response, reflecting all I have been saying today, has been simply that I donot want merely to produce clever students who get high marks in exams. Instead I hopeour teaching will help our gifted children become adults who are wise in all <strong>the</strong>ir dealingswith o<strong>the</strong>rs.Thus when I wrote <strong>the</strong> mission statement for <strong>the</strong> George Parkyn Centre, New Zealand’sgifted education centre, it was worded thus:Our task is to ensure that each gifted individual is met with recognition andunderstanding, and to provide support in developing his or her abilities to <strong>the</strong> full.Our hope is that each gifted child will grow in wisdom, insight and compassion in<strong>the</strong> use of his or her talents in <strong>the</strong> wider world.“Talent” was a somewhat less compromised word back <strong>the</strong>n; today I might replace it with“abilities”!But <strong>the</strong> fundamental thought of that statement holds true as far as I am concerned, and asI read <strong>the</strong> works of o<strong>the</strong>rs who have reflected on <strong>the</strong> purposes of gifted education, it isdeeply reassuring to find <strong>the</strong> same concern coming through.Leta Stetter Hollingworth seems to have been <strong>the</strong> very first in modern times to pursuethis in her programme for gifted children back in <strong>the</strong> 1930’s. Linda Silverman writes that“Infused throughout this program was a beautiful set of human values: basic respect forhumanity, awareness of our global interdependence, and commitment to service. Followupstudies [in <strong>the</strong> 1990’s] indicate that Hollingworth’s program had a profound, lifelongimpact on <strong>the</strong> students.” (Silverman, in press, p. 27).Since <strong>the</strong>n, many o<strong>the</strong>rs have written about <strong>the</strong> need to embed such values into ourconcept of <strong>the</strong> purposes of gifted education, people such as Linda Silverman herself,Stephanie Tolan, Harry Passow, Raymond Swassing, Barbara Clark, George Parkyn,Annemarie Roeper, Joyce van Tassel-Baska, Jill Bevan-Brown, and more. NewZealander Deborah Fraser perhaps spoke for <strong>the</strong>m all when she wrote, “As educators itseems that we have a responsibility, even an urgency, to encourage such qualities.”(Fraser, 2004, p.259).A very interesting development in this field is Renzulli’s 2002 article on expanding <strong>the</strong>conception of giftedness to include what he has called “co-cognitive traits”. He asks a18
question which would have seemed unthinkable to many in <strong>the</strong> not-so-distant past - andperhaps still does today! -, namely :Can we influence <strong>the</strong> ethics and morality of future industrial and political leadersso that <strong>the</strong>y place gross national happiness on an equal or higher scale of valuesthan gross national product? (Renzulli, 2002, p.2).Noting that we have learned much about what leads to high accomplishment in manyfields, he points out that we have not, however, acquired <strong>the</strong> same understanding of thosestrengths that lead to <strong>the</strong> emergence of remarkable human beings like Nelson Mandela,Rachel Carson and Mo<strong>the</strong>r Theresa who have “focused <strong>the</strong>ir talents on bringing aboutchanges directed toward making <strong>the</strong> lives of all people better” (2002, p.4). Clearly wewill need such an understanding if we are to bring about <strong>the</strong> social transformationRenzulli sees as so crucial to our human future.In response to this enormous challenge, Renzulli has proposed a set of interrelatedbehaviours or “co-cognitive traits” which he believes lie behind <strong>the</strong> motivation of thosewho commit <strong>the</strong>mselves to working for social change, and has set up a major researchproject, <strong>the</strong> Houndstooth Project, designed to test and refine <strong>the</strong>se definitions and toexplore <strong>the</strong> ways in which we as educators may be able to encourage and nurture <strong>the</strong>m.As <strong>the</strong> graphic shows, those traits include optimism, courage, romance with a topic ordiscipline, sensitivity to human concerns, physical and mental energy, and vision or senseof destiny, and you will note that Renzulli sees <strong>the</strong> possession and exercise of <strong>the</strong>se19