5th Grade Math Reference Sheet

5 th Grade Math Reference SheetPLACE VALUEMillions Thousands Ones DecimalsH T O H T O Hundreds Tens Ones tenths hundredths thousandthsPlace Value:Where it lives…street Name, Place onlyValue of a Number: How much is it worth? Think $$$$What Operation do I use ???Addition Subtraction Multiplication DivisionSumAltogetherIn allMore thanIncreased byTotalPerimeterDifferenceHow much moreHow much lessHow much leftDecreased byAmount of changeProductOfPercent ofFraction ofTwice# of timesEachQuotientShared equallySplit evenlyHalf ÷ 2Size/cost of eachPer (unit)AverageNumber FormsStandard Form — regular numbers — 1,234,567Word Form — say it and write it out (See Place Value abovefor spelling)Expanded Form — s t r e t c h e d - o u t 2 ways — with “+”and “x”Division StepsDividend ÷ Divisor = QuotientThe dividend is the first one in the houselocking the door on the divisor!Estimation1. Round to the highest place value (remember 0 1 2 3 4 digitremains the same and5 6 7 8 9 the digit goes up)2. Then do operation given (add, subtract, multiply)3. OR with Division - use compatible numbersDMSCBRepeat÷x-

Order of Operations(P)leaseExcuseMy Dear f l t rAunt Sally f l t rAverageMean “It’s A lot of work to Do!”ModeMedian (don’t forget to order)Range-Difference = high-low1 2 3x B Mn n n+ n n First the Maid cleansInterrupts the Butler Then the Butler checksA few are Prime butLots are CompositeProbabilityP =# of favorable outcomes# of possible outcomesDivisibility RulesLOOK at numbers 2, 5, 10Look at last digitADD numbers 3, 93 add the digits, is the sumdivisible by 39 add the digits, is the sumdivisible by 9Fractions: Adding and Subtracting1. Find a common denominator2. Make equivalent fractions3. Add or subtract numerators only4. SIMPLIFYTo Order or Compare Fractions1. Change to mixed to improper2. Make equivalents with commondenominators3. Rewrite original fractionsSimplify = Rename = Reduce =Lowest terms = Simplest Form~ ÷ top and bottom by the same number~ Use Ladder methodFractionsDividing fractions is a painUnless you know the ruleFlip the second fraction roundAnd multiply…that’s cool

Adding and Subtracting Decimals1. Line up decimal points2. Bring decimal down into the answerMultiplying Decimals1. Line up numbers2. Multiply3. Count the number of decimal points4. Place the decimal in the answerDividing Decimals1. Move decimal point out of divisor2. Move the same number of places individend3. Raise decimal in answer ( x, y)X - horizontal axisY - vertical axisDecimal to Fraction:1. “Say” the decimalOrdered Pairs2. “Write” the fractionFraction to Decimal:1. Turn denominator into a divisor2. Numerator goes in the houseGeometryPointRay Line Segment LinePara llelPerpendicu Lar kA N G L E SRight Straight Acute ObtuseComplimentarySupplementaryTrianglesQuadrilateralsISoScelesEquilateralScaleNeTrapezoidSquareRectangleParallelogramRhombus