Green Revolution in Punjab Dear Candidate, This ... - upscportal

Dear Candidate, This Material is from Punjab PSC Study Kit. For DetailsClick Here : http://upscportal.com/civilservices/study-kit/ppscPanjab25 31(iv) Multiple cropping: Proper arrangementof irrigation and use of HYV Seeds haveenabled the farmers to grow more thanone crop in a year. For example, after theharvest of wheat in April, moong is sownin the same eld. It matures within twomonths and is followed by the sowingof rice and sugarcane. Due to multiplecropping, production of foodgrain hasrisen very much.(v) Agricultural machinery: Use ofmodem agricultural machinery has alsoincreased a great deal. For instance,tractors, harvesters, pumping-sets,tubewells, etc are seen everywhere. Useof HYV seeds and multiple croppingwere facilitated by the progressive useof modern machinery. Agriculture inPunjab has been mechanized on a largescale,as is evident from the increasinguse of tractors, threshers, combineharvesters and other machines.(vi) Credit facilities: Farmers have beengetting more credit facilites. Previously,they used to get 80 per cent of their creditneeds met through the moneylendersat a very high rate of interest. But nowagricultural credit institutions at a verylow rate of interest meet a major partof their needs. Cheap credit facilitiesto the farmers enabled them to buymore and more of HYV seeds, chemicalfertilizers, machines etc. They were alsoenabled to arrange minor irrigation fortheir parched lands.(vii) New techniques: Through IntensiveAgriculture District Programme (IADP)etc farmers have been given trainingin improved methods of cultivation.Indian Agriculture Research instituteand Punjab Agricultural Universityhave also been doing intensive researchin this respect. Under new agriculturalstrategy much attention is being paidto crop rotation, use of HYV seeds,chemical fertilizers, water etc.(viii) Research: In the post independenceperiod research has been conductedin connection with different problemsof agriculture. Punjab AgriculturalUniversity Ludhiana has made asignicant contribution to this eld. TheUniversity has not only evolved betterquality seeds in respect to wheat andrice but has also evolved good variety ofseeds in respect of cotton, gram, maize,sugarcane, fodder, oilseeds, fruit andvegetables.(ix) Plant protection: In Punjab previouslythere was hardly any arrangementto protect the plants against plantdiseases. Consequently crops used to bedamaged on a large scale. But now thereare adequate arrangements to protectthe plant against diseases and pests.Different types of medicines are sprayedon the crops. Aerial spraying is alsodone with the help of aeroplanes. Thereis dispensary at Punjab AgriculturalUniversity to dispense medicines againstplant diseases.www.upscportal.comFor Any Guidance Call our Expert at +91 9212043702, 011- 65196422

Dear Candidate, This Material is from Punjab PSC Study Kit. For DetailsClick Here : http://upscportal.com/civilservices/study-kit/ppsc32 PanjabIntegrated Study Kit for PPSC 25(x) Marketing facilities: Farmers werecompelled to sell their agriculturalproduce in unregulated markets in thepast where they got unremunerativeprices of their produce. So they couldnot spend much on the developmentof agriculture. But now there is a lotof improvement in the marketing ofagricultural produce. As many as 144Regulated markets have been setupin Punjab. Farmers can now storetheir produce in warehouses and coldstorages.(xi) Price incentives: Bumper harvest maylead to fall in agricultural prices ofdifferent agricultural prices adverselyaffecting future production. To avoidthis eventuality, every year minimumprices of different agricultural cropsare xed by the Agriculture Cost andPrice Commission appointed by thegovernment. Government itself buysagricultural produce at the minimumprice xed by the commission, throughits different agencies, like, FoodCorporation of India, Markfed Punsupetc.These agencies do not allow the pricesof foodgrains to fall below the minimumxed by the Commission.(xii) Institutional reforms: Severalinstitutional reforms have beenundertaken in Punjab in agriculturalsector, consolidation of holding,abolitition of intermediaries etc.The scattered holdings of the farmershave been consolidated in one or two largeholdings. It becomes easier for the farmer toarrange for irrigation facilities on this largeholding situated at one place. Intensivecultivation thus becomes possible. Abolitionof Zamindari or intermediaries has providedthe actual cultivator with a new enthusiasmto work hard, as he and he will now enjoy thefruit of his labour alone. Institutional Reformshave thus gone a long way in renderingPunjab's agrairan economy progressive.2. Effects or Achievements of GreenRevolution Green Revolution has inuencedPunjab's economy very much. It has provideda new dimension to Punjab economy. Itsmain effects are(i) Increase in production: As a resultof Green Revolution in the year 1969-70 and thereafter, production of cropsincreased rapidly.(ii) Capitalistic farming: Financial resourcesare needed to take full advantageof Green Revolution. Only those farmerswho have more than 10 hectares ofland can spare these resources. Thereare about 10.27 lakh farms in Punjab,of which 12 per cent farms measurebetween 5 and 10 hectares and 7.2per cent farms measure more than 10hectares. It is the latter category offarmers who have enjoyed the maximumbenet of the Green Revolution.(iii) Prosperity of the farmers: Economicconditions of the farmers have improvedsubstantially as a result of GreenRevolution. Their standard of living hasgone up. Agriculture is now regardedas a protable occupation. Demandfor consumer goods in Punjab hasincreased.. Demand for high qualitygoods and luxuries have also gone up.www.upscportal.comFor Any Guidance Call our Expert at +91 9212043702, 011- 65196422