Piloting Social Accountability in Ethiopia - Capacity4Dev

1Protection of Basic Services (PBS)Piloting Social Accountabilityin Ethiopiawww.ethiosap.org

2Social Accountability - anchored in the ConstitutionConstitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia:Article 12:“1. The conduct of affairs of the government shall be transparent.”“2. Any public official or elected representative is accountable for any failurein official duties.”Section 4 Article 50:“State government shall be established at state and other administrativelevels that they find necessary. Adequate power shall be granted to thelowest unit of government to enable the people to participate directly in theadministration of such units.”

3Piloting Social AccountabilityThe Protection of Basic Services (PBS) Program promotes socialaccountability in Ethiopia. Component 4 of PBS, termed the Ethiopian SocialAccountability Project (ESAP), supports 12 civil society organizations and 40partnering organizations with funding and capacity building for implementingpilot projects.The pilot projects focus on the effective delivery of basic services bypromoting dialogue between service users, government bodies, and publicservice providers. The Ethiopian Social Accountability Project has the overallobjective of strengthening the use of social accountability approaches bycitizens and civil society organizations (CSOs) in Ethiopia to make servicedelivery more effective, efficient and accountable.What is Social Accountability?Social Accountability is a principle of good governance that relies on civicengagement. The Ethiopian Social Accountability Project builds civicengagement by using a range of instruments and tools, such as participatorybudgeting, monitoring of public service delivery, and citizens’ report cards.

4Social Accountability -Part of Government’s Good Governance InitiativesThe Ethiopian Social Accountability Pilot project is based on ongoing effortsof the government to build a decentralized governance system in Ethiopia.It is particularly anchored on the following principles of good governance aspart of the ongoing civil service reform program of Ethiopia.1.2.3.4.5.Participation: Citizen’s have a right to participate effectively andmeaningfully in the affairs of their own development, either directly orthrough legitimate intermediate institutions that represent their interests.Local development plans shall in particular, reflect the voices, interestsand development needs of the community. Communities shall be providedwith adequate space to participate in the planning, execution andmonitoring of development programs.Responsiveness: Public services shall reflect and be responsive tocitizen’s needs and interests. The response should be prompt, effectiveand efficient as far as resources and capacities allow.Transparency: Public decision making shall be conducted in a mannerthat is transparent based on free flow of information. Adequate publicservice information concerning service standards and entitlements shallbe directly accessible by the community to understand and monitor them.Accountability: Decision-makers in government are accountable to thepublic for their decisions and actions. Vertical and horizontal governmentstructures and systems are in place at all levels of administration toensure compliance to government laws, regulations and policies.Efficient and effective delivery of public services: Public institutionsproduce results that meet citizen’s needs while making best use ofresources.

5Protecting Basic ServicesThe Protection of Basic Services (PBS) Program was established in June2006 by the Government of Ethiopia and international development partners. 1PBS supports Ethiopia’s progress towards the Millennium DevelopmentGoals (MDGs). Its goal is to protect and promote the delivery of basicservices in health, education, agriculture, water and sanitation sectors by subnationalgovernments while deepening transparency and local accountability.in health, education, agriculture, water and sanitation sectors.The PBS consists of four components:Component 1: Protecting the Delivery of Basic ServicesThe delivery of basic services is protected by providing funds to the FederalGovernment. The funds are then transferred to the regions and woredas(districts) through intergovernmental fiscal transfers and block grant systems.Component 2: Delivering Basic Health ServicesFunding is provided for the procurement of critical health commoditieswhich cannot be efficiently financed through the block grant mechanism. Ithas a specific focus on malaria control and capacity building activities forstrengthening procurement and logistics.Component 3: Financial Transparency and AccountabilityThe component supports government-implemented activities at sub-nationallevels to significantly enhance transparency around public budget proceduresand foster broad engagement and strengthened voice and client power tocitizens and citizen representative groups on public budget processes andpublic service delivery. In addition it will strengthen information technologyand auditing capacities.Component 4: Social Accountability ProjectBy engaging citizens and civil society organizations in social accountabilityinitiatives, the project strengthens citizen voice and enhances theaccountability of public sector service providers. Pilot activities seek to buildsocial accountability capacities in the context of a decentralized servicedelivery. 21 Mention the PBs donors here2 Component 4 is financed by a World Bank managed Multi-Donor-Trust-Fund (MDTF). Donors?

6Piloting Social Accountability in EthiopiaThe Ethiopian Social Accountability Project was formed as a pilot initiativeto test social accountability instruments in the Ethiopian context. Forinitial implementation, civil society organizations (CSOs) were selected asfacilitators.iTwelve lead CSOs were selected on a competitive basis to test socialaccountability these tools in cooperation with local CSOs, governments, andservice providers over the course of 18 months. The Social Accountabilitytools adopted by CSOs in the Ethiopian Social Accountability Projectinclude: the Community Score Card (CSC), the Citizen Report Card (CRC)and Participatory Budgeting (PB). Each procedure places emphasis on theInterface Meeting as a key step preceding joint Reform Agendas and ActionPlans.Social accountability tools implemented by CSOs were Community ScoreCard, Citizen reports Card and Participatory Budgeting, But as part of thepilot projects all CSOs included Right Based Approaches, PerformanceMonitoring, Interfaces, Participatory Planning, Implementation and Monitoring.Participatory Groundwork and OrganizationCommunity GatheringBaseline Survey;Input TrackingMatrixInitial MeetingProvider Self Evaluation, Focal GroupsCitizens’ ReportCard; CommunityScore Card, FocalGroupInterface MeetingReform Agenda, Action Plan

7Community Score CardThe Community Score Card (CSC) is conducted at a community level. It isparticipatory tool for assessing, planning, monitoring, and evaluating basicservices.CSC consists of four basic elements:(1) Focus Group Discussion ofCommunity• Facilitators organize discussionin the community on access andquality of basic services.• Community members developindicators to evaluate theservices.• The group scores the serviceperformance according to theindicators.(2) Focus Group Discussion ofService Providers• Facilitators organize discussionof service providers on servicedelivery.• They develop indicators for a selfevaluation. .• The group of service providersscores the own performance.(3) Interface Meetings andReform Agenda• Community members and serviceproviders present the results of theirassessments.• The participants discuss and analyzediscrepancies.• They elaborate a reform agenda with anaction plan for improving services by allstakeholders.(4) Implementation• Stakeholders steer and monitor jointly theimplementation of the action plan.The CSC can be used by government institutions, service providers, NGOsand community-based organizations. The goal of the CSC is to empowerservice users, increase community participation, and to improve transparencyand accountability of service providers.

8Citizens’ Report CardThe Citizens’ Report Card (CRC) process involves gathering anddisseminating citizen feedback on the access and quality of services tofacilitate improvements in service delivery. The CRC is designed for a singlelocality and can be used in both rural and urban areas. In the Ethiopian SocialAccountability Project, CRCs are implemented by trained CSOs’ enumaratorsthrough individual interviews.1.Groundwork / Focus Group Discussions• Identify the scope of CRC• Make preliminary implementation plan• Design the questionnaire• Complete the sampling design2.Conducting the Survey• Select and train the enumerators and supervisors• Carry out the survey to satisfy the objectives of the CRC3.Analyzing the Findings• Determine key findings on availability, usage,satisfaction, etc.5.Improving the Services• Use the findings to agree on a reform agenda and anaction plan for improvements of service delivery6.Implementation• Monitoring of the action plan implementation4.Interface Meeting• CSOs selecting the CRC tool inESAP have incorporated the interfacemeeting as the core step of CRC• CSOs established joint committees tofollow up the implementation of actionplans.The CRC was originally designed to finish at the analyzing the findings stage.However, ESAP has elaborated the tool to include an interface meeting sothat the focus becomes the dialogue between service users and serviceproviders with the aim to jointly improve basic services.

9Budget WorkThe Ethiopian Social Accountability Project focused on helping citizensunderstand public budgets. Five of the 12 projects utilized budget relatedtools, which entail participatory budgeting and/or public expenditure tracking.Participatory BudgetingThe process of Participatory Budgeting (PB) involves stakeholders and/orindependent individuals to examine and assess public budgets in relationto policy, preparation processes, implementation and outputs. The processinvolves (i) information sharing (ii) consultations in focus groups, allowing forcitizens’ input; (iii) collaborations for discussions among different groups; and(iv) citizen contributions to governments’ decision-making.Budget Formulatione.g. Participatory BudgetingPerformance Monitoringe.g. Community ScoreCard, Citizen Report CardCIVIC ENGAGEMENTBudget Review and Analysise.g. Budget Demystificationand Budget AnalysisExpenditure Trackinge.g. Public Expenditure Tracking(PET)Public Expenditure TrackingPublic Expenditure Tracking (PET) surveys the flow of resources (human,financial, in-kind) through various levels of government to observe how muchof the originally allocated public resources reach each level.PET can track funds for basic services, such as funds for textbooks inprimary education and funds for drugs in health clinics. It can stimulatereforms through access to relevant information and reviewing prioritiesthrough interface meetings of government representatives and communitymembers.

10Action for Self Reliance (AFSR)Pilot Project: Enhancing Citizen’s Engagement in Ethiopia’s Education SectorObjective:Sector:Tool(s):Improve education quality and gender equity through active involvement, guidanceand engagement of communities and Parent Teachers Associations (PTAs) with the schoolsEducationCommunity Score CardsRegional Coverage:Region Woredas Sectors Implementing PartnerOrganizationsAddisAbabaOromiaSNNPRNefas SilkLidetaAddis KetemaAradaKirkosWolisoSebetaAwasaAwassaChenchaEducationAction for Self Reliance (AFSR)Love for children Organization(LCO)Multi-Purpose CommunityDevelopment Project (MPCDP)Organization for Prevention,Rehabilitation and Integration ofFemale Street Children (OPRIC)Siiqee Women DevelopmentAssociation (SWDA)Action for Self Reliance (AFSR)Multi-Purpose CommunityDevelopment Project (MPCDP)Expected Outcomes:• Community’s demand for effective services, especially inthe effort to reduce barriers to girls’ education, is expectedto improve through increased awareness of their rightsand potential.• Empowerment of disadvantaged and vulnerablecommunity members.• Improved technical and management skills of thecommunity, schools and CSOs through training andexperience sharing visits.• Better understanding of roles and responsibilitiesthrough continued dialogue and communication amongcommunities, PTAs and CSPs with the schools.• Creation of a culture of tolerance, cooperation, ideasharing and debating differences to reach a consensusfor future action.• Actions that encourage schools to introduce newprocedures and practices that ensure greaterperformance and quality education for girls.For more information: www.ethiosap.org

Amhara Development Association (ADA)11Pilot Project: Dialogue and Information Flow for Accountability and Transparency (DIFAT)Objective:Sector:Tool(s):Promote increased citizenship in governance as a means to improve social accountabilityand transparency in service delivery at local levelEducation, HealthCommunity Score Cards; Participatory BudgetingRegional Coverage:Region Woredas Sectors Implementing PartnerOrganizationsAmharaRegionDebre Markos(Guzamm)DangelaFartaMetemaHealth andEducationAmhara Women’s Association(AWA), Green belt IntegratedCommunity Development Organization(GICDO), PACT Ethiopia(IPO in capacity building)Expected Outcomes:• Improved capacity of local communities and citizengroups to hold public service providers accountable andto claim budget transparency• Increased confidence and communication amonglocal communities, citizen groups, elected peoplesrepresentatives and government agencies throughenhanced citizen participation in local governance• Enhanced participation of local communities and CSOs/CBOs in public budget decisions and in service deliverymonitoring• Improved linkage and dialogue between governmentactors, communities and CSO at local levelFor more information: www.ethiosap.orgwww.ada.org.et

12Derash Relief & Development AssociationPilot Project: Citizens Engagement for Transparency, Responsiveness and Accountability for BasicServicesObjective:Sector:Tool(s):Promote the use of social accountability approaches by citizen, local CSOs andgovernments to make basic service delivery more effective, efficient and accountableEducation, Health, WaterCommunity Score Cards; Participatory BudgetingRegional Coverage:Region Woredas Sectors Implementing PartnerOrganizationsSomaliShinila(Shinile)AishaWaterUgas Hassen Helsi Relief andDevelopment AssociationHarariSofiHakimWater andHealthPANE – Harari Regional ChapterOromiaFedisKombolchaHaromayaWater,Health andEducationWater andEducationEducationand WaterAction Aid EthiopiaDerash Relief and DevelopmentOrganization (DRDO)Expected Outcomes:• Improved capacity of CBOs, NGOs, and public serviceproviders on better basic service delivery• Enabled local communities, associations and CSOs tohold public service providers accountable• Increased participation of communities, CSOs andCBOs in public budget processes and in service deliverymonitoring• Improved linkages and communication betweengovernment actors and communities/CSOsFor more information: www.ethiosap.org

Ethiopian Interfaith Forum for Development Dialogue and Action (EIFDDA)13Pilot Project: Improving Basic Services through Community Participation facilitated by Faith BasedOrganizationsObjective:Sector:Tool(s):Encourage the dialogue between service providers and community to improve basic publicservicesEducation, Health, WaterCommunity Score CardsRegional Coverage:Region Woredas Sectors Implementing PartnerOrganizationsTigray Genta Aufsso Education Adigrat catholic SecretariatGulomekeda(ACS)Oromia Seka ChekorsaGomaHealth Ethiopian Muslim DevelopmentAgency (EMDA)DireDawaDire Dawa Water Hararghe Catholic Secretariat(HCS)Expected Outcomes:• Better understanding of the community on how basicservices are resourced, planned and implemented andincreased roles of community members in this process• Better understanding of the community’s priorities byservice providers• Structured and productive interactions and dialoguebetween service providers, woreda bureau staff andservice users• Increased implementation and management skills ofCSOs• Improved services of education, health and water in termsof quality and quantityFor more information: www.ethiosap.orgwww.eifdda.org.et

14Facilitator for Change Ethiopia (FCE)Pilot Project: Enhancement of Community Based Basic Services Protection ProjectObjective:Sector:Tool(s):Improve the provision of quality primary education through institutionalizing socialaccountability among service users and providersEducationCommunity Score CardsRegional Coverage:Region Woredas Sectors Implementing PartnerOrganizationsOromia Jimma townFacilitator for Change-Ethiopia(FCE)Oromia(S.WestShoa)DawoBechoOromo Self Reliance Association(OSRA)Seden SodoEducationFCESebetu HawasIMPACT Integrated DevelopmentAmhara Bure (w. Gojam) FCEExpected outcomes:• Community members sensitized on human rights andduty bearers responsibilities in basic services delivery• The status of communities’ satisfaction on basic servicesdelivery addressed• Budget literacy trainings given• Enhanced level of awareness of local officials on thepolicy framework with regards to the rights of citizens inrelation to basic servicesFor more information: www.ethiosap.org

Illu Women and Children Integrated Development Association (IWCIDA)15Pilot Project: Piloting the Social Accountability Approach in selected woredas of Oromia, BenishangulGumuz and SNNPRObjective:Sector:Tool(s):Strengthen social accountability approaches by communities, CBOs and CSOs so as tomake basic service delivery and the proposed operational woredas more effective, efficient,accountable and responsiveEducation, Health, AgricultureCommunity Score CardsRegional Coverage:RegionBenishagulOromiaSNNPWoredasKamashiDangurManduraYayuHumuruMetuGoreLimuGhibeMishaSectorsHealthEducationAgricultureImplementing PartnerOrganizationsTikuret for Gumuz People DevelopmentAssociation (TGPDA)Illu Women and Children IntegratedDevelopment Association (IWCIDA)Action for Environmental PublicAdvocacy (AEPA)Expected Outcomes:• Awareness and attitude of communities (beneficiaries)towards their rights and entitlement developed• Gap between the government entitlement and actualperformance of basic service delivery identified based ona direct dialogue between service providers focus groupsand beneficiaries focus groups• Capacity of woreda social accountability implementationcommittee (SAIC) build to continue the CSC process• Strengthened organizational effectiveness of IWCIDA,TGPDA and AEPAFor more information: www.ethiosap.org

16Jerusalem Children and Community Development Organization (JeCCDO)Pilot Project: Promotion of Social Accountability of the Primary Level Education Services at six Woredasof Amhara, Oromia and Dire Dawa RegionsObjective:Sector:Tool(s):Contribute towards the efforts of improved delivery of educational services (in terms of bothquality and access) to the public (users) by the government agencies (service providers)through active citizens’ engagement and enhanced level of social accountability of relevantagenciesEducationCitizen Report CardsRegional Coverage:Region Woredas Sectors Implementing PartnerOrganizationsLay GayintWabe Children’s Aid and Training(WCAT)AmharaBahir DarCommunity Development ProgramOffices (CDPOs) of Bahir DarBishoftu Education CDPOs of BishoftuOromiaShallaCenter for Development Initiative(CDI)ShashemeneCDIDireDawaDire DawaCDPOs of Dire DawaExpected outcomes:• Enhancement of citizens’ knowledge on their rights,participation and responsibility to monitor and influencethe quality of educational services to be delivered• Continued practices of interface meetings and dialoguesbetween service providers, service receivers and CSOs• Strengthened citizens’ organizations to increase level ofsocial accountability of relevant agencies to communities• Establishment of joint community-government committeecomposed of educational agencies, schools andcommunity to regularly monitor educational services• Enhancement of operational capacity of educationalservice providing local agencies• Improved access, coverage and quality of educationservices at the targeted woredasFor more information: www.ethiosap.org

Oromia Development Association (ODA)17Pilot Project: Promotion of Social Accountability through Collaboration, Networking and Empowerment ofCitizens in Oromia RegionObjective:Sector:Tool(s):Enhance good governance and development effectiveness by promoting genuine citizenparticipation, transparency, accountability and responsiveness of public budgeting and thedelivery of basic services both at regional and local levels across different sectorsHealth, Agriculture, WaterCommunity Score CardsRegional Coverage:Region Woredas Sectors Implementing PartnerOrganizationsWellega Ghimbi Water Professional Alliance for developmentin Ethiopia (PADET)Ilubabor Chewaka Health Oromia Development AssociationBedele Water(ODA)Agaro Health Oromia Development AssociationJimaJimma town Water(ODA)Kersa HealthKuyu Water Professional Alliance for developmentN.ShoaDegem Healthin Ethiopia (PADET)Wuchale HealthFentale Agriculture Oromia Development AssociationE.ShoaE.Harrge HealthAgriculture(ODA)Expected Outcomes:• Promote grassroots transparency and increase downwardaccountability• Generate a direct feedback mechanism from citizens/communities to authorities and the public• Establish participatory planning, monitoring andevaluation processes between the community, serviceproviders and local authorities that can improve efficiency,help respond to user preferences, and provide input intothe overall woreda development plans• Build the capacity of grass root community basedinstitutions and enhance their mandate and credibilityFor more information: www.ethiosap.orgwww.oda.org.net.et

18Relief Society of Tigray (REST)Pilot Project: Joint Tigray Social Accountability InitiativeObjective:Sector:Tool(s):Ensure access to basic services such as drinking water supply and irrigation of agriculturalservices in Tigray regionDrinking water supply and irrigation agriculture servicesCommunity Score Cards; Participatory BudgetingRegional Coverage:Region Woredas Sectors Implementing PartnerOrganizationsTigray,CentralzoneTigray,EasternzoneTigray,SouthernzoneAhferomWerielekMereblekeDeguatembenKeltelteAwalaloSouthernzoneRayaAzeboWatersupply andAgricultureChora Abugida ArtsAssociation(CAAA), Dedebit Creditand Savings institution (DCSI)Farmers Association of Tigray(FAT), CAAA, DCSIWomen Association of Tigray,CAAA, DCSITigray Youth Association (TYA),CAAA, DCSIExpected outcomes:• Improved and expanded provisions of access to potablewater as well as adequate water for irrigation• Improved dialogue and interface between citizens and thelocal government with regard to basic services• Improved systems and understanding about planning,program execution and monitoring by all stockholders• Expanded ownership, voice and rights of citizens withregard to budget allocation and expenditure for publicservices• Replication of social accountability CSC tools and modelacross Tigray Region• Establishment of a system for learning lessonsabout impacts of C4/PBS on governance and citizenempowerment and effective dissemination of findings• Policies reformed to include citizens in the formulation,tracking and evaluation of Woreda development plans inbudgeting processes and systemsFor more information: www.ethiosap.org

Rift Valley Children and Women’s Development Association (RCWD)19Pilot Project: Marginalized Citizens’ Monitoring Basic Service Delivery under the PASDEP in EthiopiaObjective:Sector:Tool(s):Contribute to the poverty eradication endeavors of the Ethiopian Government to ensure thatbasic service delivery at woreda and grass root levels addresses and responds to the priorityneeds of vulnerable and marginalized communities and poor peopleEducation, Water, & HealthCommunity Score Cards; Citizens Report Cards; Budget Literacy, Budget Tracking;Regional Coverage:Region Woredas Sectors Implementing PartnerOrganizationsDugda EducationOromiaGirjaLegehidaSewenaZeway DugdaWalmeraDendiMuloEjereHealthWaterEducationWaterHealthRift Valley Children and WomenDevelopment AssociationHundee (intern. NGO) CBSNNPR Male Water Action for Development (AFD)Amhara Ephrata Education Women Support AssociationGidem(WSA)Expected outcomes:• Capacitating older people’s and other citizens’ monitoringgroups to engage in planning and monitoring of basicpublic services ensuring priority needs are met andservices delivered• Increased capacity of woreda administrations to planand deliver services by engaging with the community onbudget planning, tracking and service delivery• Consideration of communities’ perspectives at the woredaplanning committee level to incorporate their needs inPASDEP formulation, implementation and ongoing annualprogress reportingFor more information: www.ethiosap.org

20Women’s Association of Tigray (WAT)Pilot Project: Community Empowerment for Ensuring Accountability: An Approach for Improved BasicService Delivery of the Pro-Poor Public ServicesObjective:Sector:Tool(s):Contribute to the empowerment of the community in the effort to improve basic servicedeliveryEducation, HealthCommunity Score CardsRegional Coverage:Region Woredas Sectors Implementing PartnerOrganizationsAlamataEducationTigray Youth Association (TYA),Tigray Farmers’ Association (TFA)and Solidarity of Tigrean Fighters’Association (STFA)KolaTFA, TYA, and STFATembenTigray Education Against CorruptionAssociation (TEACA), United YouthTigray Mekelle Health Relief and Development Associationof Tigray (UYRDAT), TYA, TFA andSTFAMedebay EducationZanaKaftaHumeraTYA, TFA and STFATaytaMaychewSamreShartiHealthEducationSTFA, TYA and TFAExpected outcomes:• Improved and expanded provisioning and access to basicservices by citizens• Widened participation and inclusion of citizens and CSOsin budgeting process at all levels• Improved dialogue and interface between citizens andthe government and among citizens with regard to basicservices• Improved system of understanding about pro-poorplanning and program execution by all stakeholders• Expanded ownership, voice and rights of citizens withregard to budget allocation and expenditure for publicservicesFor more information: www.ethiosap.orgwww.tigraywomen.org

Zema Setoch Lefithi21Pilot Project: Promotion of Social Accountability to Empower Communities for Good Governance, andEffective Service Delivery in Water, Sanitation and Hygiene SectorsObjective:Sector:Tool(s):Empower communities particularly women on their rights and responsibilities with regard towater and sanitation and ensure that communities especially women are able to advocate forthe best form of service themselvesWater & SanitationCommunity Score Card; Community Report CardRegional Coverage:Region Woredas Sectors Implementing PartnerOrganizations (IPOs)ChehaAbesqueKebena-SNNPRWelkiteButajiraMeskanZema Setoch LefithWelekaSodoWater,Sanitation andHygieneBenishngulAddis AbabaMengeAssosaAddisketemaWater Aid Ethiopia(IPO, Intern)MaedotExpected Outcomes:•Enhanced citizens knowledge (especially women) on thewater and sanitation services.• Improved transparency and accountability betweenservice providers and users.For more information: www.ethiosap.orgwww.zemasetoch.org

22Promotion of social accountability of primary level educationservices at six woredas of Amhara, Oromia and Dire dawa region.Piloting social accountability approaches in selected woredas ofOromia Region, Benshangual-Gumz Region and SouthernNations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR)Promotion of social accountability through collaborationnetworking and empowerment of citizens in Oromia Region.Jerusalem Children and Community Development Organization(JeCCDO)Illu Woman and Children Integrated Development Association(IWCIDA)Oromia Development Association (ODA)Promotion of social accountability to empower communities forgood governance and collective service delivery.Zema Setoch Lefitih (ZEMA SEF)Marginalized citizens monitoring basic service delivery under thePASDEP in EthiopiaRift Valley Children and Women Development Association(RCWDA)Citizens’ engagement for transparency, responsiveness, andaccountability of basic service project.Derash Relief and Development Rrganization (DRDO)Join Tigray social accountability initiative to for component four ofthe protection of Basic Service (PBS)Relief Society of Tigray (REST)Dialogue and information flow for accountability and transparency(DIFAT)Amhara Development Association (ADA)Enhancement of community based basic service protectionpilot project.Facilitator for Change-Ethiopia (FCE)Community empowerment for accountability: an approach forimproved basic service delivery of pro-poor public services.Women Association of Tigray (WAT)Improving basic services through community participationfacilitated by faith based organizations.Ethiopian Interfaith Forum for Development Dialogue and Action(EIFDDA)Enhancing citizen’s engagement in Ethiopian’s sectorAction for Self Reliance (AFSR)Education Health Water Agriculture Sanitation

23Inputs:Financial resources(grants for CSOs,budget for management& coordination, forcapacity building, forknowledge sharing &communication.Human resources(professional staffof MA, nationaland internationalconsultants)Literature,documents, tools.IMPACT CHAINMA impact chainOutcomes:Activities of the MA:Information and awarenesscreation workshops.Training on facilitation andmoderation.Training on budget literacyand SA tools.Coaching on financialmanagement.Coaching on reporting,documentation &communicationTechnical support and troubleshooting for CSOs.Monitoring activities.Field visits.Activities of CSOs:Awareness creation on SA forcitizens, government officials &service providersAssessment of servicedelivery by the community &serv. providersFGDs of serv. users andprovidersInterface meetings of serv.users and providersTraining for facilitatorsCoordination, monitoring &reportingOutputs of the MA:Best practices in SAPiloted and adapted.A learning initiativecreated.Outputs of CSOs:Manuals and guidelines inlocal language.Trained facilitators.Input tracking matrixes,baseline surveysdeveloped.Service delivery scoredand assessed.Indicators for assessingserv. delivery developed.Understanding of SA by citizens andservice providers, CSOs & governmentinstitutions.Awareness of communities on problemsof serv. delivery (on rights basedapproach).Ways to improve effective participation ofwomen identified.Identification of gender specific problemsin service delivery.CSOs are able to design projects in linewith government policies.CSOs are networking formally andinformally on SA (knowledge &experience sharing collaboration).Dialogue between serv. providers & usersestablished.Strategies to sustain and institutionalizeSA approaches developed.Woreda officials used results of citizens’participation to improve service delivery.Service providers are capacitatedto communicate information and betransparent on resources and constraints.Marginalized citizens are capacitatedto raise their voice on public servicedelivery.Reform agendas on service deliveryagreed upon by community and serviceproviders.Pilot projects’ impact chainImpact:Contribution to achievingMDGs and, PovertyReduction and developingLocal Democracy andGood GovernanceIndirect Outcomes:Improvement in efficiency,effectiveness, responsivenessin basic service delivery, i.e.Water (water pumps repaired,better water distribution, etc);Sanitation (garbage dumpingfacilities, etc);Health (drug supply, sanitation,extended working hours,equipment, child deliveryservice arranged, etc);Education (text books, separatetoilet for girls, furniture,additional tutorial sessions etc);Agriculture (fertilizer & seeds,training for farmers, veterinaryassigned, etc).

24Published by:Management Agency of theProtection of Basic Services (PBS) -Ethiopian Social Accountability Project (ESAP)GTZ International ServicesP.O. BoxAddis Ababa, EthiopiaE-mail: cdc.pbs@gmail.comWebsite: www.ethioSAP.orgThe project is owned by the Government of Ethiopia and supported bydevelopment partners.