about the artist - Mohamed Assani

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A BRIEF HISTORY OF INDIAN MUSIC The music of the Indian subcontinent (India, Pakistan & Bangladesh), referred to generally as Indian music, is said to be one of the oldest unbroken musical traditions in the world. It is said that the origins of this system go back to the Vedas (ancient scripts of the Hindus) when it was incorporated as a part of sacred temple practices. Indian classical music has evolved significantly since these ancient times. A significant era of development for North Indian music as we know it now was during the Moghul Empire. Influenced heavily by Persian music during this time, classical music moved out of the temples and into the Courts, where it flourished under the patronage of various Emperors - many who kept artists on their payroll to compose and perform exclusively for the Court. Indian music has developed within a very complex interaction between different peoples of different races and cultures. It appears that the ethnic diversity of present day India has been there from the earliest of times. The present system of Indian music is based upon two important pillars: raag and taal. Raag is the melodic form while taal is the rhythmic aspect. Raag may be roughly equated with the Western term mode or scale. There is a system of up to seven notes that are arranged in a means not unlike Western scales. The taal (rhythmic forms) are also very complex. Many common rhythmic patterns exist. They revolve around repeating patterns of beats. The interpretation of the raag and the taal is not the same all over India. Today there are two major traditions of classical music. There is the North Indian and the South Indian tradition. The North Indian tradition is known as Hindustani sangeet and the South Indian is called Carnatic sangeet. Both systems are fundamentally similar but differ in terminology and performance practice. Some of the common instruments used in Indian Classical music (both North & South) are: • Sitar • Tabla • Sarangi • Santoor • Rabab • Harmonium • Veena • Rudra Veena • Bansuri • Mridangam • Sarod • Pakhawaj • Surbahar • Tanpura • Shehnai • Violin • Been • Ghatam
RECOMMENDED LISTENING – SOME AMAZING ARTISTS SITAR Ustad Vilayat Khan, Ustad Shahid Parvez FLUTE Pt. Hariprasad Chaurasia TABLA Ustad Zakir Hussain, Pt. Anindo Chatterjee HINDUSTANI VIOLIN N. Rajam CARNATIC VIOLIN Shankar, L. Subramanian SANTOOR Pt. Shivkumar Sharma SHENHAI Ustad Bismillah Khan SAROD Ustad Ali Akbar Khan, Ustad Amjad Ali Khan VOCAL Begum Parveen Sultana, Ustad Rashid Khan, Ustad Amir Khan GHAZAL Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Farida Khanum QAWWALI Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Sabri Brothers FOLK Abida Parveen, Pathaney Khan FUSION Shakti, Nitin Sawhney, Trilok Gurtu, Fuzon FILMI Mohammed Rafi, Asha Bhosle, Lata Mangeshkar, Kishore Kumar
Page 1 and 2: INDIAN MUSIC PERFORMANCE FOR SCHOOL
Page 3 and 4: ABOUT THE PERFORMANCE Mohamed Assan
Page 5: GLOSSARY OF TERMS RAAG / RĀGA A me

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