Force and Newton's Laws

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5. Experiment with your skid. How hard do you have to pull to counteract slidingfriction at a given speed? How fast can you accelerate? Can you stop suddenlywithout spilling the golf ball, or do you need to slow down?6. Write a plan for moving your golf ball along the course by pulling only forwardor to one side. Be sure you understand your plan and have considered all thedetails.Follow Your Plan1. Make sure your teacher approves your plan before you start.2. Move your golf ball along the path.3. Modify your plan, if needed.4. Organize your data so they can be used to run your course and write them inyour Science Journal.5. Test your results with a new route.Analyze Your Data1. What was the difference between the two routes? How did this affect the forcesyou needed to use on the golf ball?2. How did you separate and control variables in this experiment?3. Was your hypothesis supported? Explain.Conclude and Apply1. What happens when you combine two forces at right angles?2. If you could pull on all four sides (front, back, left, right) of your skid, could youmove anywhere along the floor? Make a hypothesis to explain your answer.Compare your conclusions with those ofother students in your class. For more help,refer to the Science Skill Handbook.LAB 331Mark Burnett
SCIENCE ANDSocietySCIENCEISSUESTHAT AFFECTYOU!Air Bag SafetyAfter complaints and injuries, air bags in cars are helping all passengersThe car in front of yours stops suddenly.You hear the crunch of car against carand feel your seat belt grab you. Yourmom is covered with, not blood, thank goodness,but with a big white cloth. Your seat belts and airbags worked perfectly.Popcorn in the DashAir bags have saved more than a thousandlives since 1992. They are like having a giantpopcorn kernel in the dashboard that pops andbecomes many times its original size. But unlikepopcorn, an air bag is triggered by impact, notheat. In a crash, a chemical reaction produces agas that expands in a split second, inflating a balloonlikebag to cushion the driver and possiblythe front-seat passenger. The bag deflatesquickly so it doesn’t trap people in the car.Newton and the Air BagWhen you’re traveling in a car, you movewith it at whatever speed it is going. Accordingto Newton’s first law, you are the object inmotion, and you will continue in motion unlessacted upon by a force, such as a car crash.Unfortunately, a crash stops the car, but itdoesn’t stop you, at least, not right away. You continuemoving forward if your car doesn’t have airbags or if you haven’t buckled your seat belt. Youstop when you strike the inside of the car. You hitthe dashboard or steering wheel while travelingat the speed of the car. When an air bag inflates,you come to a stop move slowly, which reducesthe force that is exerted on you.A test measures the speedat which an air bag deploys.Measure Hold a paper plate 26 cm in front of you. Use a ruler tomeasure the distance. That’s the distance drivers should havebetween the chest and the steering wheel to make air bags safe.Inform adult drivers in your family about this safety distance.For more information, visitips.msscience.com/time(t)Tom Wright/CORBIS, (b)Didier Charre/Image Bank
Page 1 and 2: Force andNewton’s Lawssections1 N
Page 3 and 4: Newton’s First Law■ Distinguish
Page 5 and 6: Figure 3 When two objects incontact
Page 7 and 8: Observing FrictionProcedure1. Lay a
Page 9 and 10: Newton’s Second Law■ Explain Ne
Page 11 and 12: Direction of motionFigure 8 The gir
Page 13 and 14: Figure 10 When the ball isthrown, i
Page 15 and 16: Figure 12 The wrench is spinningas
Page 17 and 18: Figure 14 In this collision, thefir
Page 19 and 20: Figure 17 The force of theground on
Page 21 and 22: Figure 20 These oranges seemto be f
Page 23: Design Your OwnMODELING M)TION IN T
Page 27 and 28: Use the illustration below to answe
Page 29 and 30: Record your answers on the answer s

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