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3. More people are living with chronic disabilityAll regions of the world are witnessing increases in diseases that cause chronic disability rather thandeath. These conditions include mental disorders, substance abuse, musculoskeletal disorders, visionloss, hearing loss, anaemia and some neurological disorders. The shift towards disability is mostmarked in high-income regions – where more than 50% of the disease burden may be from theseconditions – but is also present in most middle-income countries.4. Major new “lifestyle” risk factors are emergingLifestyle risks such as high blood pressure, tobacco use and alcohol consumption are becoming muchmore prominent globally. In 1990, the leading global health risk was being underweight in childhood,but by 2010 this had dropped to the eighth largest risk factor. Similar large drops have also beenobserved in risks such as inadequate breast feeding, poor water and sanitation, and deficiencies invitamin A and zinc.5. Sub-Saharan African lags behind the global trendThe burden of disease in sub-Saharan Africa is still dominated by risks related to MDGs 4, 5 and 6– despite real progress since 1990 in reducing child mortality and combating diseases such as malariaand HIV. Figure 3 indicates the impact of the three health-related MDGs in 2010 in DALYs. In SouthAsia, the MDGs-related burden is under half that in sub-Saharan Africa, but still large, while otherhealth issues dominate elsewhere.Figure 3. Percent of national DALYs due to MDGs 4, 5, and 6, 201038Accelerating progress in saving the lives of Women and ChildrenTo Contents
Patterns confirm the rise in noncommunicable causes of disease andinjuryThe combined effects of these five patterns on the relative importance of specific diseases and injuriesare shown for developing countries in Figure 4. The height of the bars represents the percentagechange in burden of disease from 1990 to 2010. Each disease is ordered from left to right by themagnitude in the developing world. Comparing 2010 with 1990, the massive increase in HIVdominates the rates of change. However, there have been large declines in pneumonia, diarrhoea,preterm birth, tuberculosis and malnutrition. The burden from heart disease, stroke, depression,diabetes, lung cancer and cirrhosis is increasing. The figure illustrates how, taken together, thecountries of the developing world are experiencing a rapid shift in the leading health problems –although these aggregate figures mask huge national and regional variation in health trends.Figure 4. Diseases and injuries in developing countries ranked by global DALYs, 201039110080% change in total DALYs, 1990 - 20106040200-20-401 2LOWER RESPIRATORYDIARRHEAL DISEASESISCHEMIC HEART DISEASEMALARIASTROKEHIV/AIDSPRE-TERMROAD INJURYCOPDLOW BACK PAINMAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDERN. ENCEPHALOPATHYTBIRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIAN.SEPSISDIABETESCONGENITALPROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITIONMENINGITISSELF-HARMFALLSCIRRHOSISNECK PAININTERPERSONAL VIOLENCEOTHER MUSCULOSKELETAL7 9 12 13 14 15 17 18 193 4 5 6 8 10 111620 21 22 23 24 25-602010 mean rankCommunicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritionalNon-communicableInjuries➞To ContentsThe Global Campaign for the Health Millennium Development Goals – Report 2013 39
Page 1 and 2: The Global Campaign for the HealthM
Page 3 and 4: ContentsMessage from the Secretary-
Page 5 and 6: U N I T E D N A T I O N SN A T I O
Page 7 and 8: and comprehensive scaling up of acc
Page 9 and 10: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethi
Page 11 and 12: The way forward on family planning;
Page 13 and 14: Expanding access to affordable cont
Page 15 and 16: Country reportsRepublic of MalawiPr
Page 17 and 18: We commit to:• Undertake a review
Page 19: Regional and inter-parliamentary co
Page 22 and 23: Civil society has many roles to pla
Page 24 and 25: Joining forces for family planning
Page 26 and 27: Getting more health for the moneyGA
Page 28 and 29: UNITAIDShaping markets for women an
Page 30 and 31: 5. Regulatory efficiency: By 2015,
Page 32 and 33: Accountability, information and res
Page 34 and 35: The independent Expert Review Group
Page 36 and 37: Changing patterns of global healthF
Page 40 and 41: Specific findings for MDGs 4 and 5M
Page 42 and 43: ResourcesEvery Woman Every Childwww
Page 44: Surviving childbirth andgrowing up

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